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5. Teaching the introductory course in psychology circa 1900

Author

Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
Mathematics education, General Medicine, Applying psychology, Psychology, Curriculum, General Psychology, Course (navigation)
Abstract

Teachers of introductory courses in psychology and those who wrote the textbooks for the courses at the start of the 20th century represented the new psychology that replaced the old psychology of mental philosophy. Teachers and texts presented psychology as a natural science of the mind and mental processes, described its methods, and suggested its potential applications to practical concerns. Textbooks and teachers varied in their approaches to psychology, their priorities among its methods, and their emphases on applying psychology. The introductory course in psychology accurately reflected the state of the discipline at the turn of the century.

Published
2000
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6. Psychology and 'The Babe'

Author

Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
History, Psychometrics, Human factors and ergonomics, Poison control, Professional association, Psychology (miscellaneous), Psychology, Quarter (United States coin), Suicide prevention, Sport psychology, Social psychology, Psychology of science
Abstract

Psychologists and baseball players were among those Americans who formed professional associations in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Psychologists used laboratory tasks to quantify mental and behavioral processes while sportswriters and baseball organizers measured individual and team performance. The most popular baseball player of the 1920s, George Herman “Babe” Ruth, possessed superior batting skills that were evident in the statistical indices of baseball performance. In 1921, he was brought to the psychological laboratory at Columbia University to perform standard laboratory tasks in an effort to discover the basis for his success in hitting home runs and to suggest the potential of tests for identifying future baseball stars. Baseball's addiction to quantitative indices of performance was thus brought together with a new science devoted to quantitative assessment and a desire to make such assessments useful. The attempt to analyze the basis of Ruth's batting skills is part of the history of applied psychology, sport psychology, and popular interest in the science of psychology. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Published
1998
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7. Psychology as a Science

Author

Rand B. Evans and Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
Cognitive science, Critical psychology, Structuralism (psychology), media_common.quotation_subject, Introspection, Philosophy of psychology, Theoretical psychology, Psychology, Empirical psychology, Asian psychology, media_common, Psychology, Philosophy and Physiology
Abstract

A scientific psychology emerged from the intellectual awakenings of the Reformation of the 16th century and of the Enlightenment of the 17th and 18th centuries. The methods of the science of that era emphasized observation, classification of phenomena, and induction; in the 19th century, psychologists adapted laboratory experiments to the study of mind. The laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt, founded in 1879 at the University of Leipzig, symbolized the new psychology. Experimental methods of physiology and psychophysics were employed to pursue traditional philosophical questions about mental life. Early laboratory experiments measured the time course of mental operations, sensory thresholds, the span of attention, and, in time, more complex cognitive processes. Introspection under controlled laboratory conditions replaced philosophical introspection of conscious experience, but its importance waned as the emphasis shifted to more measurable aspects of behavior. Psychologists came to embrace a wider range of normal and abnormal mental and behavioral phenomena in adults, children, and animals. Over time, the definition of the psychological experiment, the methods appropriate to it, and the statistical treatment of data changed to meet evolving conceptions of scientific psychology and the diverse subject matter that contemporary psychology came to encompass. Technological advances, such as the computer and neural-imaging techniques, have influenced the possibilities of research and have helped to advance research in cognition, neuroscience, and the rapidly developing field of cognitive neuroscience. Keywords: experimental psychology; systems of psychology; Ramism; introspection; British empiricism; associationism

Published
2012
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8. 125 years of the American Journal of Psychology: a historical overview

Author

Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
Research, MEDLINE, Historical Article, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), History, 19th Century, Psychology history, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Scientific psychology, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, Psychology, Engineering ethics, Periodicals as Topic, Laboratory research, Inclusion (education)
Abstract

The American Journal of Psychology celebrates 125 years of publication this year. From its inception, the Journal has attempted to record and communicate the results of research conducted in laboratories of psychology. It has also provided its readers with laboratory plans and designs for apparatus for research and demonstrations and described experimental procedures to facilitate the conduct of research. Its attention to reviews of books over a wide range of psychological topics and its inclusion of articles that provide historical perspectives on the development of psychology and its concerns broaden the context in which laboratory research is carried out. This brief overview of the Journal’s history offers a perspective on the role of the Journal in, and its contributions to, the development of scientific psychology.

Published
2012

9. Anthropology and Psychology, Case of W.H.R. Rivers

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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10. Anastasi, Anne

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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11. Adorno, T. W

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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12. Archives of the History of American Psychology

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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13. America, History of Popular Psychology in

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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15. Ainsworth, Mary D

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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16. Ansbacher, Heinz

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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18. Allport, G. W

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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19. Asch, Solomon E

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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20. Apfelbaum, Erika

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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21. Activation Network Theories, History of

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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22. Analytic Psychology of CarlJung

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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23. Adams, D. K

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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24. Abney, William

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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26. Angell, James Rowland

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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27. Adler, Alfred

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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28. American Mental Philosophy (1820–1860), History of

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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29. Ach, N

Author

David C. Devonis, Mark E. Mattson, Michael Meir, Robert J. Kelly, Ashley Scarlett Bujalski, Thomas F. Cloonan, Ludy T. Benjamin, Alfred H. Fuchs, Eugene I. Taylor, Harold Takooshian, Erwin V. Johanningmeier, Angela H. Pfaffenberger, Gerald Sullivan, Mohamed Elhammoumi, David B. Baker, Nicholas Joyce, and Sally Capanzano

Published
2012
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33. The course in the history of psychology: present status and future concerns

Author

Wayne Viney and Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
History, Medical education, Consulting psychology, Personal interest, Education, Medical, Universities, Field (Bourdieu), Teaching, School psychology, Applied psychology, Historiography, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, United States, Course (navigation), Scholarship, History of psychology, Psychology, General Psychology, Asian psychology
Abstract

The present study provides a turn-of-the-century status report on the teaching of the history of psychology in colleges and universities in the United States. The data indicate that the course is offered regularly in most departments of psychology and is frequently required of majors; these findings are consistent with earlier research. Most instructors teach the course largely out of personal interest and self-taught expertise with their primary teaching and research commitments to other areas of psychology. Few instructors engage in publication of research and scholarship in the history of psychology, although there are 2 journals in the field that provide an outlet for scholarship. The few positions that allow for primary commitment to teaching and research in the history of psychology is a possible cause of concern for the future of the course and for its place in the education of psychologists in the 21st century.

Published
2002

36. Contributions of American mental philosophers to psychology in the United States

Author

Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
History, Universities, Critical psychology, History, 19th Century, Quarter (United States coin), United States, Epistemology, International psychology, History of psychology, Psychology, Sociology, Curriculum, Social science, Theoretical psychology, Philosophy, Medical, General Psychology, Asian psychology, Psychology, Philosophy and Physiology
Abstract

Professors of mental philosophy who taught and wrote textbooks in colleges and universities in the United States before the Civil War contributed significantly to the development of the new psychology that replaced mental philosophy in the last quarter of the 19th century. Their contributions have been neglected in textbooks on the history of psychology, even those devoted to the history of psychology in the United States. These mental philosophers eased the transition to, and influenced the nature of, the new psychology in the United States by establishing a place in the curriculum for mental philosophy that the new psychology came to occupy; by identifying the topics for laboratory methods to address; by pursuing an empirical, inductive, scientific approach to the study of the mind; and by their tradition of functional analysis that came to characterize psychology in the United States.

Published
2001

46. EDITOR’S NOTE

Author

Alfred H. Fuchs

Subjects
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Developmental and Educational Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Published
2009
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