50 results on '"Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel"'
Search Results
2. Pre- and post-drought conditions drive resilience of Pinus halepensis across its distribution range
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Veuillen, Léa, Prévosto, Bernard, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Badeau, Vincent, Battipaglia, Giovanna, Beguería, Santiago, Bravo, Felipe, Boivin, Thomas, Camarero, J. Julio, Čufar, Katarina, Davi, Hendrik, De Luis, Martin, Del Campo, Antonio, Del Rio, Miren, Di Filippo, Alfredo, Dorman, Michael, Durand-Gillmann, Marion, Ferrio, Juan Pedro, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, González-Sanchis, Maria, Granda, Elena, Guibal, Frederic, Gutierrez, Emilia, Helluy, Manon, El Khorchani, Ali, Klein, Tamir, Levillain, Joseph, Linares, Juan Carlos, Manrique-Alba, Angela, Martinez Vilalta, Jordi, Molina, Antonio J., Moreno‐Gutiérrez, Cristina, Nicault, Antoine, Olivar, Jorge, Papadopoulos, Andreas, Perevolotsky, Avi, Rathgeber, Cyrille, Ribas, Montse, Ripullone, Francesco, Ruano, Irene, Saintonge, Francois-Xavier, Sánchez-Salguero, Raul, Sarris, Dimitrios, Serra-Maluquer, Xavier, Svoray, Tal, Tallieu, Clara, Valor, Teresa, Vennetier, Michel, Voltas, Jordi, and Cailleret, Maxime
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- 2023
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3. Tropical tree growth driven by dry-season climate variability
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Zuidema, Pieter A., Babst, Flurin, Groenendijk, Peter, Trouet, Valerie, Abiyu, Abrham, Acuña-Soto, Rodolfo, Adenesky-Filho, Eduardo, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Aragão, José Roberto Vieira, Assis-Pereira, Gabriel, Bai, Xue, Barbosa, Ana Carolina, Battipaglia, Giovanna, Beeckman, Hans, Botosso, Paulo Cesar, Bradley, Tim, Bräuning, Achim, Brienen, Roel, Buckley, Brendan M., Camarero, J. Julio, Carvalho, Ana, Ceccantini, Gregório, Centeno-Erguera, Librado R., Cerano-Paredes, Julián, Chávez-Durán, Álvaro Agustín, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Cleaveland, Malcolm K., Couralet, Camille, D’Arrigo, Rosanne, del Valle, Jorge Ignacio, Dünisch, Oliver, Enquist, Brian J., Esemann-Quadros, Karin, Eshetu, Zewdu, Fan, Ze-Xin, Ferrero, M. Eugenia, Fichtler, Esther, Fontana, Claudia, Francisco, Kainana S., Gebrekirstos, Aster, Gloor, Emanuel, Granato-Souza, Daniela, Haneca, Kristof, Harley, Grant Logan, Heinrich, Ingo, Helle, Gerd, Inga, Janet G., Islam, Mahmuda, Jiang, Yu-mei, Kaib, Mark, Khamisi, Zakia Hassan, Koprowski, Marcin, Kruijt, Bart, Layme, Eva, Leemans, Rik, Leffler, A. Joshua, Lisi, Claudio Sergio, Loader, Neil J., Locosselli, Giuliano Maselli, Lopez, Lidio, López-Hernández, María I., Lousada, José Luís Penetra Cerveira, Mendivelso, Hooz A., Mokria, Mulugeta, Montóia, Valdinez Ribeiro, Moors, Eddy, Nabais, Cristina, Ngoma, Justine, Nogueira Júnior, Francisco de Carvalho, Oliveira, Juliano Morales, Olmedo, Gabriela Morais, Pagotto, Mariana Alves, Panthi, Shankar, Pérez-De-Lis, Gonzalo, Pucha-Cofrep, Darwin, Pumijumnong, Nathsuda, Rahman, Mizanur, Ramirez, Jorge Andres, Requena-Rojas, Edilson Jimmy, Ribeiro, Adauto de Souza, Robertson, Iain, Roig, Fidel Alejandro, Rubio-Camacho, Ernesto Alonso, Sass-Klaassen, Ute, Schöngart, Jochen, Sheppard, Paul R., Slotta, Franziska, Speer, James H., Therrell, Matthew D., Toirambe, Benjamin, Tomazello-Filho, Mario, Torbenson, Max C. A., Touchan, Ramzi, Venegas-González, Alejandro, Villalba, Ricardo, Villanueva-Diaz, Jose, Vinya, Royd, Vlam, Mart, Wils, Tommy, and Zhou, Zhe-Kun
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- 2022
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4. Low-severity fires in the boreal region: reproductive implications for black spruce stands in between stand-replacing fire events
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Johnstone, Jill F, additional, and Baltzer, Jennifer L, additional
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- 2024
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5. Volcanic activity signals in tree-rings at the treeline of the Popocatépetl, Mexico
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Camarero, J. Julio, Querejeta, José I., Sagra, Javier, Moya, Daniel, and Rodríguez-Trejo, Dante Arturo
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- 2020
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6. Tree growth is more limited by drought in rear-edge forests most of the times
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Camarero, J. Julio, Gazol, Antonio, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Vergarechea, Marta, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Cattaneo, Nicolás, and Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.
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- 2021
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7. Disentangling the role of sex dimorphism and forest structure as drivers of growth and wood density in expanding Juniperus thurifera L. woodlands
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep Maria, Valladares, Fernando, Acuña-Míguez, Belén, and Martín-Forés, Irene
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- 2021
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8. Seasonal and synoptic climatic drivers of tree growth in the Bighorn Mountains, WY, USA (1654–1983 CE)
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Hudson, Amy R., Alfaro-Sanchez, Raquel, Babst, Flurin, Belmecheri, Soumaya, Moore, David J.P., and Trouet, Valerie
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- 2019
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9. Land use legacies drive higher growth, lower wood density and enhanced climatic sensitivity in recently established forests
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Jump, Alistair S., Pino, Joan, Díez-Nogales, Oihane, and Espelta, Josep Maria
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- 2019
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10. Growth and reproduction respond differently to climate in three Neotropical tree species
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Muller-Landau, Helene C., Wright, S. Joseph, and Camarero, J. Julio
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- 2017
11. The influence of postfire recovery and environmental conditions on boreal vegetation
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Jorgensen, Alexis Gardiner, primary, Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Cumming, Steven G., additional, White, Alison L., additional, Degré‐Timmons, Geneviève Éliane, additional, Day, Nicola, additional, Turetsky, Merritt, additional, Johnstone, Jill F., additional, Walker, Xanthe J., additional, and Baltzer, Jennifer L., additional
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- 2023
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12. What drives growth of Scots pine in continental Mediterranean climates: Drought, low temperatures or both?
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Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Camarero, J. Julio, Hevia, Andrea, Madrigal-González, Jaime, Linares, Juan C., Ballesteros-Canovas, Juan A., Sánchez-Miranda, Angela, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Galván, J. Diego, Gutiérrez, Emilia, Génova, Mar, and Rigling, Andreas
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- 2015
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13. Vegetation dynamics of managed Mediterranean forests 16 yr after large fires in southeastern Spain
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, De las Heras, Jorge, Hernández-Tecles, Enrique, Moya, Daniel, and López-Serrano, Francisco R.
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- 2015
14. Post-fire Aleppo pine growth, C and N isotope composition depend on site dryness
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Julio Camarero, J., Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Sangüesa-Barreda, G., and De Las Heras, Jorge
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- 2016
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15. What Drives Reproductive Maturity and Efficiency in Serotinous Boreal Conifers?
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Johnstone, Jill F., additional, Cumming, Steve G., additional, Day, Nicola J., additional, Mack, Michelle C., additional, Walker, Xanthe J., additional, and Baltzer, Jennifer L., additional
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- 2022
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16. Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived from tree-ring records of ten globally distributed forests
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Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Herrmann, Valentine, Rollinson, Christine R., Gonzalez, Bianca, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika B., Pederson, Neil, Alexander, M. Ross, Allen, Craig D., Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Awada, Tala, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Baker, Patrick J., Birch, Joseph D., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Cherubini, Paolo, Davies, Stuart J., Dow, Cameron, Helcoski, Ryan, Kašpar, Jakub, Lutz, James A., Margolis, Ellis Q., Maxwell, Justin T., McMahon, Sean M., Piponiot, Camille, Russo, Sabrina E., Šamonil, Pavel, Sniderhan, Anastasia E., Tepley, Alan J., Vašíčková, Ivana, Vlam, Mart, Zuidema, Pieter A., Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Herrmann, Valentine, Rollinson, Christine R., Gonzalez, Bianca, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika B., Pederson, Neil, Alexander, M. Ross, Allen, Craig D., Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Awada, Tala, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Baker, Patrick J., Birch, Joseph D., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Cherubini, Paolo, Davies, Stuart J., Dow, Cameron, Helcoski, Ryan, Kašpar, Jakub, Lutz, James A., Margolis, Ellis Q., Maxwell, Justin T., McMahon, Sean M., Piponiot, Camille, Russo, Sabrina E., Šamonil, Pavel, Sniderhan, Anastasia E., Tepley, Alan J., Vašíčková, Ivana, Vlam, Mart, and Zuidema, Pieter A.
- Abstract
Tree rings provide an invaluable long-term record for understanding how climate and other drivers shape tree growth and forest productivity. However, conventional tree-ring analysis methods were not designed to simultaneously test effects of climate, tree size, and other drivers on individual growth. This has limited the potential to test ecologically relevant hypotheses on tree growth sensitivity to environmental drivers and their interactions with tree size. Here, we develop and apply a new method to simultaneously model nonlinear effects of primary climate drivers, reconstructed tree diameter at breast height (DBH), and calendar year in generalized least squares models that account for the temporal autocorrelation inherent to each individual tree's growth. We analyze data from 3811 trees representing 40 species at 10 globally distributed sites, showing that precipitation, temperature, DBH, and calendar year have additively, and often interactively, influenced annual growth over the past 120 years. Growth responses were predominantly positive to precipitation (usually over ≥3-month seasonal windows) and negative to temperature (usually maximum temperature, over ≤3-month seasonal windows), with concave-down responses in 63% of relationships. Climate sensitivity commonly varied with DBH (45% of cases tested), with larger trees usually more sensitive. Trends in ring width at small DBH were linked to the light environment under which trees established, but basal area or biomass increments consistently reached maxima at intermediate DBH. Accounting for climate and DBH, growth rate declined over time for 92% of species in secondary or disturbed stands, whereas growth trends were mixed in older forests. These trends were largely attributable to stand dynamics as cohorts and stands age, which remain challenging to disentangle from global change drivers. By providing a parsimonious approach for characterizing multiple interacting drivers of tree growth, our method reveals
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- 2022
17. Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived from tree-ring records of ten globally distributed forests
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Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Herrmann, Valentine, Rollinson, Christine R., Gonzalez, Bianca, Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., Pederson, Neil, Alexander, M. Ross, Allen, Craig D., Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, Awada, Tala, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Baker, Patrick J., Birch, Joseph D., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Cherubini, Paolo, Davies, Stuart J., Dow, Cameron, Helcoski, Ryan, Kašpar, Jakub, Lutz, James A., Margolis, Ellis Q., Maxwell, Jusitn, McMahon, Sean M., Piponiot, Camille, Russo, Sabrina E., Samonil, Pavel, Sniderhan, Anastasia E., Tepley, Alan J., Vasicková, Ivana, Vlam, Mart, Zuidema, Pieter A., Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Herrmann, Valentine, Rollinson, Christine R., Gonzalez, Bianca, Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., Pederson, Neil, Alexander, M. Ross, Allen, Craig D., Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, Awada, Tala, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Baker, Patrick J., Birch, Joseph D., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Cherubini, Paolo, Davies, Stuart J., Dow, Cameron, Helcoski, Ryan, Kašpar, Jakub, Lutz, James A., Margolis, Ellis Q., Maxwell, Jusitn, McMahon, Sean M., Piponiot, Camille, Russo, Sabrina E., Samonil, Pavel, Sniderhan, Anastasia E., Tepley, Alan J., Vasicková, Ivana, Vlam, Mart, and Zuidema, Pieter A.
- Abstract
Tree rings provide an invaluable long-term record for understanding how climate and other drivers shape tree growth and forest productivity. However, conventional tree-ring analysis methods were not designed to simultaneously test effects of climate, tree size, and other drivers on individual growth. This has limited the potential to test ecologically relevant hypotheses on tree growth sensitivity to environmental drivers and their interactions with tree size. Here, we develop and apply a new method to simultaneously model nonlinear effects of primary climate drivers, reconstructed tree diameter at breast height (DBH), and calendar year in generalized least squares models that account for the temporal autocorrelation inherent to each individual tree's growth. We analyze data from 3811 trees representing 40 species at 10 globally distributed sites, showing that precipitation, temperature, DBH, and calendar year have additively, and often interactively, influenced annual growth over the past 120 years. Growth responses were predominantly positive to precipitation (usually over ≥3-month seasonal windows) and negative to temperature (usually maximum temperature, over ≤3-month seasonal windows), with concave-down responses in 63% of relationships. Climate sensitivity commonly varied with DBH (45% of cases tested), with larger trees usually more sensitive. Trends in ring width at small DBH were linked to the light environment under which trees established, but basal area or biomass increments consistently reached maxima at intermediate DBH. Accounting for climate and DBH, growth rate declined over time for 92% of species in secondary or disturbed stands, whereas growth trends were mixed in older forests. These trends were largely attributable to stand dynamics as cohorts and stands age, which remain challenging to disentangle from global change drivers. By providing a parsimonious approach for characterizing multiple interacting drivers of tree growth, our method reveals
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- 2022
18. Response of biomass allocation patterns to thinning in Pinus halepensis differs under dry and semiarid Mediterranean climates
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, López-Serrano, Francisco R., Rubio, Eva, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Moya, Daniel, Hernández-Tecles, Enrique, and De Las Heras, Jorge
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- 2015
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19. ESA/CSEE Aug 2022 OOS23-2 Forecasting Cumulative Effects in the James Bay Lowlands
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Hughes, Josie, Stewart, Frances E. C., L. Baltzer, Jennifer, Venier, Lisa, Avery-Gomm, Stephanie, Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, Chubaty, Alex M., Cumming, Steven G., Endicott, Sarah, Frid, Leonardo, Johnson, Cheryl, McFarlane, Samantha, McIntire, Eliot, and Wiebe, Philip A.
- Abstract
Slides for OOS23-2 at ESA/CSEE 2022, Montreal Weds August 17th https://cdmcd.co/zYByRQ Forecasting cumulative effects of anticipated resource development on wildlife and vegetation in the James Bay Lowlands of Northern Ontario, Canada. Phase 1 Prototype development.
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- 2022
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20. Biomass storage in low timber productivity Mediterranean forests managed after natural post-fire regeneration in south-eastern Spain
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, López-Serrano, Francisco R., Rubio, Eva, Moya, Daniel, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, and De Las Heras, Jorge
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- 2014
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21. Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived from tree‐ring records of ten globally distributed forests
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Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., primary, Herrmann, Valentine, additional, Rollinson, Christine R., additional, Gonzalez, Bianca, additional, Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., additional, Pederson, Neil, additional, Alexander, M. Ross, additional, Allen, Craig D., additional, Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Awada, Tala, additional, Baltzer, Jennifer L., additional, Baker, Patrick J., additional, Birch, Joseph D., additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Cherubini, Paolo, additional, Davies, Stuart J., additional, Dow, Cameron, additional, Helcoski, Ryan, additional, Kašpar, Jakub, additional, Lutz, James A., additional, Margolis, Ellis Q., additional, Maxwell, Justin T., additional, McMahon, Sean M., additional, Piponiot, Camille, additional, Russo, Sabrina E., additional, Šamonil, Pavel, additional, Sniderhan, Anastasia E., additional, Tepley, Alan J., additional, Vašíčková, Ivana, additional, Vlam, Mart, additional, and Zuidema, Pieter A., additional
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- 2021
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22. Is remote sensing a good method to define forest fire resilience? A particular case in the South-eastern of the Iberian Peninsula
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Hedo, Javier, primary, Rubio, Eva, additional, Dadi, Tarek, additional, López-Serrano, Francisco Ramón, additional, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Moya, Daniel, additional, and Heras, Jorge de las, additional
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- 2014
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23. Additional file 1 of Tree growth is more limited by drought in rear-edge forests most of the times
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Camarero, J. Julio, Gazol, Antonio, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Vergarechea, Marta, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Cattaneo, Nicolás, and Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.
- Abstract
Additional file 1: Figure S1. Latitude of the studied sites showing different symbols which correspond to poleward or northern (blue triangles), intermediate (black circles) and equatorward or southern (red squares) sites. Figure S2. Temperature and precipitation trends of the six species (a, Pinus uncinata; b, Abies alba; c, Fagus sylvatica; d, Pinus sylvestris; e, Quercus robur; f, Quercus petraea) studied in the northern (blue lines and symbols), intermediate (black lines and symbols) and southern (brown lines and symbols) tree populations for the period 1950–2006. Figure S3. Mean tree-ring width series of the six species (a, Pinus uncinata; b, Abies alba; c, Fagus sylvatica; d, Pinus sylvestris; e, Quercus robur; f, Quercus petraea) studied in the northern (blue lines), intermediate (black lines) and southern or rear-edge (brown lines) populations considering the period 1900–2018. Figure S4. Significance of the moving window correlations calculated between mean site series of ring-width indices of north, intermediate and south tree populations and monthly temperature data from previous September to September in the year of tree-ring formation. Previous and current months are abbreviated by lower- and upper-case letters, respectively. Moving correlations were obtained for 30-year intervals shifted by one year and the middle year of the interval is shown in x axes for each species (a, Pinus uncinata; b, Abies alba; c, Fagus sylvatica; d, Pinus sylvestris; e, Quercus robur; f, Quercus petraea). The colour scale shows the significance (p < 0.05) of the Pearson correlation coefficients (blue, significant negative values; red, significant positive values). Figure S5. Significance of the moving window correlations calculated between mean site series of ring-width indices of north, intermediate and south tree populations and monthly precipitation data from previous September to September in the year of tree-ring formation. Moving correlations were obtained for 30-year intervals shifted by one year and the middle year of the interval is shown in x axes for each species (a, Pinus uncinata; b, Abies alba; c, Fagus sylvatica; d, Pinus sylvestris; e, Quercus robur; f, Quercus petraea). The colour scale shows the significance (p < 0.05) of the Pearson correlation coefficients (blue, significant negative values; red, significant positive values). Figure S6. Significance of the moving window correlations calculated between mean site series of ring-width indices of north, intermediate and south tree populations and the June SPEI drought index at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 15-, 18-, and 21-month temporal resolutions (y axes). Moving correlations were obtained for 30-year intervals shifted by one year and the middle year of the interval is shown in x axes for each species (a, Pinus uncinata; b, Abies alba; c, Fagus sylvatica; d, Pinus sylvestris; e, Quercus robur; f, Quercus petraea). The colour scale shows the significance (p < 0.05) of the Pearson correlation coefficients (red, significant positive values).
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- 2021
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24. Land‐use legacies influence tree water‐use efficiency and nitrogen availability in recently established European forests
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Guerrieri, Rossella, primary, Correia, Marta, additional, Martín‐Forés, Irene, additional, Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Pino, Joan, additional, Hampe, Arndt, additional, Valladares, Fernando, additional, and Espelta, Josep Maria, additional
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- 2021
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25. Spontaneous forest regrowth in South-West Europe : Consequences for nature's contributions to people
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Martín-Forés, Irene, Magro, Sandra, Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep M., Frei, Theresa, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen, Winkel, Georg, Gerzabek, Gabriel, González-Martínez, Santiago C., Hampe, Arndt, Valladares, Fernando, Martín-Forés, Irene, Magro, Sandra, Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep M., Frei, Theresa, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen, Winkel, Georg, Gerzabek, Gabriel, González-Martínez, Santiago C., Hampe, Arndt, and Valladares, Fernando
- Abstract
European forests are expanding and becoming denser following the widespread abandonment of farmland and rural areas. Spontaneous forest regrowth provides a cost-effective opportunity to restore ecosystems, enhance multifunctionality and sustainability and mitigate climate change. Yet, little is known about the goods and services that such forests provide to people. We assessed the changes in nature's contributions to people (NCP) from spontaneous forest regrowth, i.e. forest expansion and densification, in South-West Europe. We investigated 65 forest plots in four different landscapes with contrasting ecological and societal contexts. Two landscapes are located in rural areas undergoing human exodus and forest expansion and densification; the other two, in peri-urban areas with intense land use and forest densification but negligible expansion. For each forest plot, we estimated variables related to ten out of the 18 main NCP defined by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Regulating and material NCP were addressed using variables measured in the field as proxies. Non-material NCP were studied through stakeholder interviews. Our results show across the cases that forest expansion and densification are generally associated with greater climate regulation and energy provision. Changes in other NCP, especially in non-material ones, were strongly context-dependent. The social perception of spontaneous forest regrowth was primarily negative in rural areas and more positive in peri-urban landscapes. Passive restoration through spontaneous forest expansion and densification can enhance regulating and material NCP, especially when adaptive management is applied. To optimise NCP and to increase the societal awareness of and interest in spontaneous forest regrowth, the effects of this process should be analysed in close coordination with local stakeholders to unveil and quantify the many and complex trade-offs involved
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- 2020
26. Data from: Spontaneous forest regrowth in South-West Europe: consequences for nature’s contributions to people
- Author
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Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), German Research Foundation, Martín-Forés, Irene [0000-0003-3627-0347], Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés [0000-0001-7036-7041], Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen [0000-0002-6262-1924], Winkel, Georg [0000-0002-9254-0447], Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés [bravo@mncn.csic.es], Martín-Forés, Irene, Magro, Sandra, Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep Maria, Frei, Theresa, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen, Winkel, Georg, Gerzabek, Gabriel, Hampe, Arndt, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), German Research Foundation, Martín-Forés, Irene [0000-0003-3627-0347], Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés [0000-0001-7036-7041], Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen [0000-0002-6262-1924], Winkel, Georg [0000-0002-9254-0447], Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés [bravo@mncn.csic.es], Martín-Forés, Irene, Magro, Sandra, Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep Maria, Frei, Theresa, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen, Winkel, Georg, Gerzabek, Gabriel, Hampe, Arndt, and Valladares Ros, Fernando
- Abstract
[Context] European forests are expanding and becoming denser following the widespread abandonment of farmland and rural areas. Yet, little is known about the goods and services that spontaneous forest regrowth provide to people., [Aims] We assessed the changes in nature’s contributions to people (NCP) from spontaneous forest regrowth, i.e. forest expansion and densification, in South-West Europe., [Methods We investigated 65 forest plots in four different landscapes with contrasting ecological and societal contexts. Two landscapes are located in rural areas undergoing human exodus and forest expansion and densification; the other two, in peri-urban areas with intense land use and forest densification but negligible expansion. For each forest plot, we estimated variables related to ten out of the 18 main NCP defined by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Regulating and material NCP were addressed using variables measured in the field as proxies. Non-material NCP were studied through stakeholder interviews., [Results] Our results show across the cases that forest expansion and densification is generally associated with greater climate regulation and energy provision. Changes in other NCP, especially in non-material ones, were strongly context-dependent. The social perception of spontaneous forest regrowth was primarily negative in rural areas and more positive in peri-urban landscapes., [Conclusion] Passive restoration through spontaneous forest expansion and densification can enhance regulating and material NCP, especially when adaptive management is applied. To optimise NCP and to increase the societal awareness of and interest in spontaneous forest regrowth, the effects of this process should be analysed in close coordination with local stakeholders to unveil and quantify the many and complex trade-offs involved in rural or peri-urban social perceptions.
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- 2020
27. Spontaneous forest regrowth in South-West Europe: Consequences for nature's contributions to people
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Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, German Research Foundation, Martín-Forés, Irene, Magro, Sandra, Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep Maria, Frei, Theresa, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen, Winkel, Georg, Gerzabek, Gabriel, González-Martínez, Santiago C., Hampe, Arndt, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, German Research Foundation, Martín-Forés, Irene, Magro, Sandra, Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Espelta, Josep Maria, Frei, Theresa, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco, Carmen, Winkel, Georg, Gerzabek, Gabriel, González-Martínez, Santiago C., Hampe, Arndt, and Valladares Ros, Fernando
- Abstract
European forests are expanding and becoming denser following the widespread abandonment of farmland and rural areas. Spontaneous forest regrowth provides a cost-effective opportunity to restore ecosystems, enhance multifunctionality and sustainability and mitigate climate change. Yet, little is known about the goods and services that such forests provide to people. We assessed the changes in nature's contributions to people (NCP) from spontaneous forest regrowth, i.e. forest expansion and densification, in South West Europe.We investigated 65 forest plots in four different landscapes with contrasting ecological and societal contexts. Two landscapes are located in rural areas undergoing human exodus and forest expansion and densification; the other two, in peri¿urban areas with intense land use and forest densification but negligible expansion. For each forest plot, we estimated variables related to ten out of the 18 main NCP defined by the Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Regulating and material NCP were addressed using variables measured in the field as proxies. Non material NCP were studied through stakeholder interviews. Our results show across the cases that forest expansion and densification are generally associated with greater climate regulation and energy provision. Changes in other NCP, especially in non material ones, were strongly context¿dependent. The social perception of spontaneous forest regrowth was primarily negative in rural areas and more positive in peri-urban landscapes. Passive restoration through spontaneous forest expansion and densification can enhance regulating and material NCP, especially when adaptive management is applied. To optimise NCP and to increase the societal awareness of and interest in spontaneous forest regrowth, the effects of this process should be analysed in close coordination with local stakeholders to unveil and quantify the many and complex trade-offs involved i
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- 2020
28. Establishment of second-growth forests in human landscapes: ecological mechanisms and genetic consequences
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Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España), Hampe, Arndt, Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, Martín-Forés, Irene, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España), Hampe, Arndt, Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, and Martín-Forés, Irene
- Abstract
Key message This special issue gathers articles arising from the ERA-NET BiodivERsA3 research project “Unraveling the Potential of Spontaneous Forest Establishment for Improving Ecosystem Functions and Services in Dynamic Landscapes (SPONFOREST)”. Using a broad spectrum of research approaches, they provide detailed insights into how new forest stands establish and which consequences the establishment process has for their character and functioning.
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- 2020
29. Spontaneous forest regrowth in South‐West Europe: Consequences for nature's contributions to people
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Martín‐Forés, Irene, primary, Magro, Sandra, additional, Bravo‐Oviedo, Andrés, additional, Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Espelta, Josep M., additional, Frei, Theresa, additional, Valdés‐Correcher, Elena, additional, Rodríguez Fernández‐Blanco, Carmen, additional, Winkel, Georg, additional, Gerzabek, Gabriel, additional, González‐Martínez, Santiago C., additional, Hampe, Arndt, additional, and Valladares, Fernando, additional
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- 2020
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30. Establishment of second-growth forests in human landscapes: ecological mechanisms and genetic consequences
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Hampe, Arndt, primary, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, additional, and Martín-Forés, Irene, additional
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- 2020
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31. Functional diversity enhances tree growth and reduces herbivory damage in secondary broadleaf forests, but does not influence resilience to drought
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Espelta, Josep Maria, primary, Cruz‐Alonso, Verónica, additional, Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Hampe, Arndt, additional, Messier, Christian, additional, and Pino, Joan, additional
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- 2020
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32. How do social status and tree architecture influence radial growth, wood density and drought response in spontaneously established oak forests?
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, additional, Espelta, Josep Maria, additional, Hampe, Arndt, additional, and Bert, Didier, additional
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- 2020
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33. Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived from tree‐ring records of ten globally distributed forests.
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Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., Herrmann, Valentine, Rollinson, Christine R., Gonzalez, Bianca, Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., Pederson, Neil, Alexander, M. Ross, Allen, Craig D., Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, Awada, Tala, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Baker, Patrick J., Birch, Joseph D., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Cherubini, Paolo, Davies, Stuart J., Dow, Cameron, Helcoski, Ryan, Kašpar, Jakub, and Lutz, James A.
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TREE-rings ,TREE size ,TREE growth ,DENDROCHRONOLOGY ,CLIMATE sensitivity ,OLD growth forests ,FOREST productivity - Abstract
Tree rings provide an invaluable long‐term record for understanding how climate and other drivers shape tree growth and forest productivity. However, conventional tree‐ring analysis methods were not designed to simultaneously test effects of climate, tree size, and other drivers on individual growth. This has limited the potential to test ecologically relevant hypotheses on tree growth sensitivity to environmental drivers and their interactions with tree size. Here, we develop and apply a new method to simultaneously model nonlinear effects of primary climate drivers, reconstructed tree diameter at breast height (DBH), and calendar year in generalized least squares models that account for the temporal autocorrelation inherent to each individual tree's growth. We analyze data from 3811 trees representing 40 species at 10 globally distributed sites, showing that precipitation, temperature, DBH, and calendar year have additively, and often interactively, influenced annual growth over the past 120 years. Growth responses were predominantly positive to precipitation (usually over ≥3‐month seasonal windows) and negative to temperature (usually maximum temperature, over ≤3‐month seasonal windows), with concave‐down responses in 63% of relationships. Climate sensitivity commonly varied with DBH (45% of cases tested), with larger trees usually more sensitive. Trends in ring width at small DBH were linked to the light environment under which trees established, but basal area or biomass increments consistently reached maxima at intermediate DBH. Accounting for climate and DBH, growth rate declined over time for 92% of species in secondary or disturbed stands, whereas growth trends were mixed in older forests. These trends were largely attributable to stand dynamics as cohorts and stands age, which remain challenging to disentangle from global change drivers. By providing a parsimonious approach for characterizing multiple interacting drivers of tree growth, our method reveals a more complete picture of the factors influencing growth than has previously been possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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34. How do Droughts and Wildfires Alter Seasonal Radial Growth in Mediterranean Aleppo Pine Forests?
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Camarero, J. Julio, additional, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, additional, Trouet, Valérie, additional, and Heras, Jorge de Las, additional
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- 2018
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35. Predation on Early Recruitment in Mediterranean Forests after Prescribed Fires
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Sagra, Javier, primary, Moya, Daniel, additional, Plaza-Álvarez, Pedro, additional, Lucas-Borja, Manuel, additional, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, additional, De Las Heras, Jorge, additional, and Ferrandis, Pablo, additional
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- 2017
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36. Dinámica de regenerados naturales post-incendio de Pinus Alenpensis Mill sometidos a tratamientos selvícolas tempranos. Evolución del secuestro de Carbono
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Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel
- Subjects
Ingeniería agrícola - Abstract
En la presente tesis doctoral se estudia la dinámica post-incendio en dos masas forestales de Pinus halepensis regeneradas tras los incendios acaecidos en el verano de 1994 en el sureste español. Para llevarlo a cabo se ha realizado un seguimiento de parcelas permanentes en ambas masas, las cuales presentan diferente calidad de estación. Una de las estaciones de muestreo se encuentra cercana a la población de Yeste (al SE de la provincia de Albacete) perteneciente a un ombroclima seco. La otra estación de seguimiento se encuentra en las inmediaciones de la población de Calasparra (al NO de la provincia de Murcia) a la que le corresponde un ombroclima semiárido. El periodo de estudio abarcó desde los 15 hasta los 19 años después del incendio, aunque el análisis de datos se remontó hasta los primeros años del seguimiento de las parcelas. El objetivo principal de la presente tesis es el desarrollo de herramientas para mejorar la estimación del secuestro de carbono atmosférico y su inmovilización en la biomasa viva de la vegetación de estos ecosistemas, de tal manera que puedan implementarse como herramientas de manejo forestal adaptativo en áreas propensas a incendios, incluyendo su restauración y la asistencia a zonas en regeneración. CONTENIDO DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN En el Capítulo 1, se analizó el efecto de la aplicación de tratamientos selvícolas tempranos (desbroce y diversas intensidades de clareo aplicado a distintas edades) sobre patrones de diversidad vegetal en los regenerados objetos de estudio. Al comparar los resultados obtenidos para los sitios de estudio considerados, se obtuvieron diferencias en los índices de riqueza de especies, diversidad de Shannon y bajo solape entre las especies presentes en ambos sitios. Para los índices riqueza de especies y de diversidad de Shannon, calculados 16 años tras incendio en los regenerados de Yeste, no se encontraron diferencias entre las masas tratadas y las no tratadas. Por el contrario, en los regenerados de Calasparra detectamos valores mayores en las masas tratadas a los 10 años de edad. A esta misma edad (16 años después de los incendios) en ambos sitios, las especies acompañantes más abundantes eran semilladoras obligadas o herbáceas rebrotadoras. Los tratamientos aplicados mostraron un efecto positivo en la reducción del combustible disponible en los regenerados, reduciendo así el riesgo de incendios de alta severidad. Sin embargo, la resiliencia del ecosistema no mostró una mejoría al no detectarse una representación de especies propias de fases sucesionales más avanzadas, tales como especies leñosas rebrotadoras. En el Capítulo 2, se estudia la relación y repartición de recursos entre varios elementos que afectan a la resiliencia del ecosistema. Para ello se estudió la producción de piñas, el crecimiento individual de los pinos y su interacción con el clima en los regenerados de ambas zonas. Los resultados muestran que las condiciones que resultan ser favorables para la producción de piñas, a nivel de árbol, también lo son para el crecimiento radial, por lo que no se puede afirmar que existan costes de compensación entre ambos procesos. Comparando resultados entre ambos sitios, se observó que la distinta calidad de estación propició diferentes tasas de individuos reproductivos, mostrando mayor precocidad los regenerados de Calasparra (la zona de ombroclima semiárido), aunque a lo largo de todo el estudio se alcanzaron en total un mayor porcentaje de pies reproductivos en Yeste (la zona de ombroclima seco). En el Capítulo 3 se presentan nuevas relaciones alométricas desarrolladas para el cálculo de componentes de biomasa creadas específicamente para individuos de pino carrasco de diámetros inferiores a los comerciales. Las ecuaciones se calcularon a partir de datos de individuos cortados a lo largo de una secuencia de años que abarcó desde los 5 hasta los 16 años de edad en ambas zonas de estudio. En estas ecuaciones, la variable predictiva para todos los componentes de la biomasa, excepto para las piñas, fue el diámetro a 30 cm sobre el suelo, si bien, también se obtuvieron diferencias para determinadas interacciones de densidades finales y sitio, que quedaron incorporadas en las ecuaciones mediante variables categóricas. El estudio detallado de la repartición de los componentes de biomasa mostró diferencias relacionadas con la edad, la calidad de estación y la intensidad y momento de los tratamientos selvícolas. En general, encontramos que la biomasa de tronco y raíces aumenta con la intensidad de clareo, siendo el porcentaje de biomasa acumulada en estas estructuras mayores en individuos creciendo en zonas de baja competencia intraespecifca en comparación con aquellos que deben competir por los recursos debido a la alta densidad de arbolado. Para la mejor calidad de estación (Yeste), se obtuvieron mayores porcentajes de biomasa acumulada en tronco y raíces, además de observar una variación temporal positiva del porcentaje de biomasa en tronco y negativa del porcentaje de biomasa contenido en acículas. Para individuos localizados en la zona de estudio de Calasparra, los resultados mostraron que la alta densidad final de las parcelas control reducía significativamente el porcentaje de biomasa contenida bajo el suelo. Después de analizar aspectos relacionados con la diversidad vegatal en el Capítulo 1 y de desarrollar ecuaciones específicas para el cálculo de los componentes de biomasa a nivel de individuo en el Capítulo 3, en el Capítulo 4, se estudió la evolución en el tiempo de la biomasa almacenada por ambos regenerados a nivel de masa. Conscientes del importante sesgo que supondría incluir solamente el estrato arbóreo a la hora de calcular la biomasa total acumulada en la vegetación, se obtuvieron estimadores de razón para determinar la biomasa almacenada por las 15 especies acompañantes principales identificadas en el Capítulo 1, siendo la variable predictiva la fracción de cabida cubierta. También se calcularon estimadores de razón medios para estimar valores de biomasa del resto de especies del sotobosque, según el grupo de forma de vida al que pertenecen, considerando estos tres: arbustos, matorrales o herbáceas perennes. A nivel de masa, la biomasa del estrato arbóreo y arbustivo de los regenerados mostró similar acumulación a la edad de 5 años, justo antes de ejecutarse los primeros tratamientos selvícolas. Tras los clareos, se observó una reducción generalizada de la biomasa almacenada en el corto plazo, aunque los tratamientos de clareo más tempranos (a los 5 años de edad) promovieron alta productividad concentrada en pocos individuos, propiciando la recuperación del carbono almacenado y llegando a superar a las parcelas no tratadas en el periodo de estudio, aunque solo en la mejor calidad de estación, Yeste. CONCLUSIÓN En conjunto, los resultados obtenidos muestran un acortamiento del periodo para alcanzar parámetros de diversidad y madurez reproductiva tras aplicar tratamientos de clareo tempranos en masas en regeneración, siendo estos aspectos necesarios para aumentar la resiliencia y disminuir su vulnerabilidad ante nuevos incendios en estos ecosistemas mediterráneos.
- Published
- 2014
37. Los pinares en los secarrales manchegos y murcianos
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Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel
- Abstract
26 páginas.- Presentación elaborada para las III Jornadas IPErinas, celebradas el 11 de diciembre de 2014.
- Published
- 2014
38. Disentangling the effects of competition and climate on individual tree growth: A retrospective and dynamic approach in Scots pine
- Author
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European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Linares, Juan Carlos, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Madrigal-González, J., Hevia, A., Sánchez-Miranda, Ángela, Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan Antonio, Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, García-Cervigón, Ana I., Bigler, C., Rigling, A., European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Linares, Juan Carlos, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Madrigal-González, J., Hevia, A., Sánchez-Miranda, Ángela, Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan Antonio, Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, García-Cervigón, Ana I., Bigler, C., and Rigling, A.
- Abstract
Understanding the relative contributions of competition and climate on individual tree growth is critical to project realistic forest dynamics under projected climate scenarios. Furthermore, present competition levels may reflect legacies of past use. Here, we analyze the effects of climate, site conditions and competition on radial growth in three Scots pine stands located along an altitudinal gradient in central Spain. Current stand structure and retrospective analyses of radial growth (basal area increment, BAI) were used to model changes in tree growth as a function of a spatially-explicit competition index (CI) and climate. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to model BAI and to quantify the growth responses to climate of trees under low and high competition levels. Competition effects on growth were steady over time regardless of tree age. High competition levels negatively affected growth since negative exponential functions characterized the CI-BAI relationships. Tree growth sensitivity to climate increased with decreasing competition intensity. Growth at high elevations was mainly limited by low winter temperatures, whereas warm spring enhanced growth at middle elevations and warm late summer temperatures constrained growth at low elevation. Growth responsiveness to climate is enhanced under low competition levels. Overall, current competition is a more relevant driver of recent growth than climate. Proactive forest management should be adopted to reduce the vulnerability of Scots pine forests currently subjected to higher competition levels and warmer and drier conditions. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
- Published
- 2015
39. Positive coupling between growth and reproduction in young post-fire Aleppo pines depends on climate and site conditions
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Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, Camarero, Jesús Julio, López Serrano, Francisco R., Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Moya, Daniel, Heras, Jorge de las, Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, Camarero, Jesús Julio, López Serrano, Francisco R., Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Moya, Daniel, and Heras, Jorge de las
- Abstract
In fire-and drought-prone Mediterranean forests tree growth and regeneration depend on the moisture regime between fires. Therefore, post-fire tree regeneration will depend on moisture conditions and how they are altered by fire recurrence and climate warming. Aleppo pine forests are the most abundant Circum-Mediterranean ecosystems subjected to frequent wildfires and summer droughts. Because both stressors constrain their reproduction and growth patterns across diverse ecological conditions, these forests represent a suitable system to test how moisture availability drives post-fire regeneration. Aleppo pine is an obligate seeder species that reproduces at an early age after fire. Such precocious behaviour poses the question as to whether post-fire regeneration depends on moisture conditions and the coupling between female cone production and growth. Here, we evaluate if female cone production and radial growth are linked at the tree level in post-fire Aleppo pines by comparing a dry v. a very dry site and considering stands with three different tree densities in south-eastern ESP. We found that trees with higher basal areas produced more female cones and this positive association intensified as the water balance improved. Aleppo pines from the very dry site were more precocious in reproductive terms than pines of the same age from the dry site, but long-term cone production was lower at the very dry site. Lower tree density enhances the resilience of xeric post-fire Aleppo pine forests, in growth and reproduction terms, but this effect can be reversed by droughts. Overall, a more positive water balance improves post-fire regeneration by enhancing growth and cone production. Thus, silvicultural treatments such as thinning should be applied by taking into account the post-fire water balance to maximise growth and cone production in Aleppo pine stands. Our findings illustrate how climate warming could hamper post-fire tree regeneration by aggravating drought stress.
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- 2015
40. Post-fire Aleppo pine growth, C and N isotope composition depend on site dryness
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Julio Camarero, J., additional, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, additional, Sangüesa-Barreda, G., additional, and De Las Heras, Jorge, additional
- Published
- 2015
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41. Disentangling the effects of competition and climate on individual tree growth: A retrospective and dynamic approach in Scots pine
- Author
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Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, primary, Linares, Juan Carlos, additional, Camarero, J. Julio, additional, Madrigal-González, Jaime, additional, Hevia, Andrea, additional, Sánchez-Miranda, Ángela, additional, Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan A., additional, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, additional, García-Cervigón, Ana I., additional, Bigler, Christof, additional, and Rigling, Andreas, additional
- Published
- 2015
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42. Plasticity in dendroclimatic response across the distribution range of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis)
- Author
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Adamopoulos, Stergios, Milios, Elias, Doganos, Dimitris, Bistinas, Ioannis, Aytug, B, Guven, K C, Boydak, Melih, Büntgen, Ulf, Martínez-Peña, Fernando, Aldea, Jorge, Rigling, Andreas, Fischer, Erich M, Camarero, J Julio, Hayes, Michael J, Fatton, Vincent, Egli, Simon, Cams, Serdar, Çatal, Yilmaz Yılmaz, Cermak, J, De Luis, Martín Martin, Čufar, Katarina, Di Filippo, Alfredo, Novak, Klemen, Papadopoulos, Andreas, Piovesan, Gianluca, Rathgeber, Cyrille B K, Raventós, José, Saz, Miguel Angel, Smith, Kevin T, Gričar, Jožica, Fady, Bruno, Semerci, Hacer, Vendramin, Giovanni Giuseppe, Fisher, James T, Neumann, Robert W, Mexal, John G, Fournier, T P, Battipaglia, G, Brossier, B, Carcaillet, C, Galván, J Diego, Ginzler, C, Griggs, Carol, Pearson, Charlotte, Manning, Sturt W, Lorentzen, Brita, Guller, Bilgin, Isik, Kani, Cetinay, Senay, Körner, Christian, Sarris, Dimitrios, Christodoulakis, Dimitrios, Linares, Juan Carlos, Senhadji, Karim, Herrero, Asier, Hódar, José A, Liphschitz, Nili, Mendel, Zvi, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, Hevia, Andrea, Madrigal-González, Jaime, Ballesteros-Canovas, Juan A, Sánchez-Miranda, Angela, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Gutiérrez, Emilia, Génova, Mar, Siegwolf, Rolf, Touchan, Ramzi, Anchukaitis, K J, Shishov, V V, Sivrikaya, F, Attieh, J, Ketmen, M, Stephan, J, Mitsopoulos, I, Christou, Andreas K, Meko, David M, Garfin, Gregg M, Funkhouser, Gary, Erkan, Nesat, Hughes, Malcolm K, Wallin, Brian S, and Earth and Climate
- Subjects
increment and growth loss ,RING ,Tree-rings ,Seed dispersal ,tree ring analysis ,Troodos massif ,general circulation models ,Ecosystem response ,Dendroecology ,MILL ,Matsucoccus ,Forest growth ,morphology ,Climate change ,revised manuscript accepted 28 ,Pinus brutia ,defoliation ,Greece ,harmfulness ,Mature wood ,thin layer chromatography ,Forest protection ,SITE ,Pinus sylvestris ,Drought record ,Disturbance ecology ,Fire ,oil industry ,$δ$18O ,GROWTH ,Mixed-effects models ,Elevational gradient ,Wood density ,insecticides ,Population dynamics ,Vulnerability ,Chemical ,Strip clearcut ,Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff ,mediterranean basin ,$δ$13C ,Regeneration ,expressed population signal ,turkey ,Annual precipitation reconstruction ,RATES ,processionary moth ,Ecosystem ,Pinus brutia (Ten.) ,ENVIRONMENT ,november 2013 ,Minimum temperature ,Cambial age ,Water ,Dendroclimatic reconstruction ,RADIAL GROWTH ,GROWTH-RINGS ,NAO ,Juvenile wood ,Tree cohort ,western Mediterranean ,ENVIRONMENTS ,cluster analysis ,pinus ,tracheids ,cambial activity ,correlation analysis ,air pollution ,Precipitation ,Mediterranean ,Geopotential height ,Morphological and physiological examination ,QiPh{_}ring ,Shelterwood ,Mediterranean forest ,Mediterranean region ,acetic acid ethyl ester ,Synoptic climatology analysis ,effect ,Global warming ,resin canals ,article ,Agriculture ,Prescribed burning ,Latitudinal gradient ,Clearcutting ,RINGS ,tree ,Calabrian pine ,Basal area increment ,Seed crop ,annual ,biopreparations ,GROWTH RINGS ,received 25 july 2013 ,Drought stress ,Dendrochronology ,false rings ,tree-ring ,European pine sawfly ,STANDS ,geographic distribution ,controlled study ,Forest ,Mortality ,Diurnal temperature range ,drought climatology ,Taxonomy ,nonhuman ,Drought ,Thaumetopoea pityocampa ,Dendroclimatology ,Tree rings ,WIDTH ,Pinus brutia Ten ,GROWTH-RATE ,North atlantic oscillation ,plant growth ,tree ring ,Nested reconstruction ,Climatic change ,Aleppo pine ,brutian pine ,PATTERN ,growth loss ,Cyprus ,PATTERNS ,wood formation ,Thinning ,Fire scar - Abstract
We investigated the variability of the climate-growth relationship of Aleppo pine across its distribution range in the Mediterranean Basin. We constructed a network of tree-ring index chronologies from 63 sites across the region. Correlation function analysis identified the relationships of tree-ring index to climate factors for each site. We also estimated the dominant climatic gradients of the region using principal component analysis of monthly, seasonal, and annual mean temperature and total precipitation from 1,068 climatic gridpoints. Variation in ring width index was primarily related to precipitation and secondarily to temperature. However, we found that the dendroclimatic relationship depended on the position of the site along the climatic gradient. In the southern part of the distribution range, where temperature was generally higher and precipitation lower than the regional average, reduced growth was also associated with warm and dry conditions. In the northern part, where the average temperature was lower and the precipitation more abundant than the regional average, reduced growth was associated with cool conditions. Thus, our study highlights the substantial plasticity of Aleppo pine in response to different climatic conditions. These results do not resolve the source of response variability as being due to either genetic variation in provenance, to phenotypic plasticity, or a combination of factors. However, as current growth responses to inter-annual climate variability vary spatially across existing climate gradients, future climate-growth relationships will also likely be determined by differential adaptation and/or acclimation responses to spatial climatic variation. The contribution of local adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity across populations to the persistence of species under global warming could be decisive for prediction of climate change impacts across populations. In this sense, a more complex forest dynamics modeling approach that includes the contribution of genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity can improve the reliability of the ecological inferences derived from the climate-growth relationships.
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- 2013
43. Positive coupling between growth and reproduction in young post-fire Aleppo pines depends on climate and site conditions
- Author
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Camarero, J. Julio, additional, López-Serrano, Francisco R., additional, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, additional, Moya, Daniel, additional, and Heras, Jorge De Las, additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
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44. Post-fire management of mediterranean forests: carbon storage in regenerated areas in eastern Iberian Peninsula
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Moya Navarro, Daniel, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, López Serrano, Francisco Ramón, Dadi, T., Hernández-Tecles, E. J., Ferrandis Gotor, Pablo, Heras, Javier de las, Moya Navarro, Daniel, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, López Serrano, Francisco Ramón, Dadi, T., Hernández-Tecles, E. J., Ferrandis Gotor, Pablo, and Heras, Javier de las
- Abstract
Management of burnt forests is a topic that should include monitoring of burnt areas immediately after burning, in order to implement emergency actions that ensure conditions for ecosystem recovery. However, if excessive regeneration is observed, early silvicultural treatments have to be implemented to assist the natural recovery of the ecosystem. This paper discusses the effects of silvicultural management in two burnt areas naturally regenerated. One of the study areas was located in southern Albaceteprovince, covered of Aleppopine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands that were burnt in summer 1994. The other area was located in eastern Cuenca province, showing Holm oak (Quercus ilex L. ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp) stands burnt twice in summer 1993 and 2001. The objective of the current study was to monitor the biomass recovery and carbon stock in two different ways: direct field sampling and calculation of stocks by using available published datasets. Direct sampling showed that in 2010 (nine years after fire), lower amounts of carbon were stored in the young Holm oak standards which were not totally recovered from previous thinning, carried out two years ago. In 2010, sixteen years after the fire and nine after thinning, high intensity thinning contributed to improve the total amount of carbon stock in tree biomass in theAleppo pine stands. In addition, values for unthinned areas were similar to those obtained from the Third Spanish National Forest Inventory. In this study we highlight the interest of implementing a classical tool of silvicultural management in the adaptive forest management of regenerating areas. We propose to consider the inclusion of young regenerated stands in carbon stocks, at least at province and regional level., El manejo de las masas forestales incendiadas debe incluir un seguimiento desde el primer momento tras el incendio, optimizando la implementación de medidas urgentes que aseguren unas condiciones mínimas para la regeneración natural del ecosistema. Sin embargo, ante una regeneración excesiva, se deben plantear tratamientos selvícolas tempranos como apoyo a la recuperación del ecosistema. En este trabajo se discuten los efectos del clareo temprano en dos zonas incendiadas y regeneradas de manera natural situadas en el este peninsular, una en el sur de Albacete con masas de pino carrasco (Pinus halepensis Mill.) quemadas en el verano de 1994, y otra al este de Cuenca, con masas de carrasca (Quercus ilex L. ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp), quemadas repetidamente en los veranos de 1993 y 2001. El objetivo de este estudio es monitorizar la recuperación de biomasa y el almacenamiento de carbono de estas masas naturales, mediante muestreo directo en campo y por cálculo de existencias obtenidas de bases de datos públicas. El método directo mostró que la disminución del carbono almacenado en las especies estudiadas fue debido a la reducción inicial del número de árboles, que en los encinares no se había recuperado totalmente en 2010 (dos años después del tratamiento y nueve tras incendio). En 2010, dieciséis años después del incendio y seis tras el tratamiento silvícola, obtuvimos que en el pinar, los clareos de alta intensidad mejoraron la capacidad de la masa arbórea para almacenar carbono. Además, los valores de carbono almacenado en la biomasa arbórea en áreas no tratadas eran comparables a los valores del Tercer Inventario Forestal Nacional. Por tanto, se pone de relieve el interés del uso de la implementación de esta herramienta de manejo selvícola en un manejo forestal adaptativo y se propone la inclusión de masas jóvenes en regeneración dentro de los cálculos de almacenaje de carbono, al menos a niveles provinciales y regionales.
- Published
- 2014
45. Vegetation dynamics of managed Mediterranean forests 16 yr after large fires in southeastern Spain
- Author
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Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, primary, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, additional, De las Heras, Jorge, additional, Hernández-Tecles, Enrique, additional, Moya, Daniel, additional, and López-Serrano, Francisco R., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Dendrochronology course in Valsaín Forest, Segovia, Spain
- Author
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Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integral de Zonas Costeras - Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integral de Zones Costaneres, University of Arizona, National Science Foundation, EEUU, Regent Instruments Inc., Beta Analytic Inc., Cox Analytical Systems, Touchan, Ramzi, Meko, David M., Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan A., Sánchez Salguero, Raúl, Camarero, J. Julio, Kerchouche, Dalila, Muntan, Elena, Khabcheche, Madjda, Blanco, Juan A., Rodríguez Morata, Clara, Garófano Gómez, Virginia, Martín, Luis A., Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, Garah, Kenza, Hevia, Andrea, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integral de Zonas Costeras - Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integral de Zones Costaneres, University of Arizona, National Science Foundation, EEUU, Regent Instruments Inc., Beta Analytic Inc., Cox Analytical Systems, Touchan, Ramzi, Meko, David M., Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan A., Sánchez Salguero, Raúl, Camarero, J. Julio, Kerchouche, Dalila, Muntan, Elena, Khabcheche, Madjda, Blanco, Juan A., Rodríguez Morata, Clara, Garófano Gómez, Virginia, Martín, Luis A., Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel, Garah, Kenza, and Hevia, Andrea
- Abstract
[EN] This report describes an international summer course, "Tree Rings, Climate, Natural Resources, and Human Interaction", held in Valsain, Spain, in summer of 2012. The course, with 14 participants from three countries (Spain, Algeria, and Russia), included basic training in dendrochronology skills as well as applied projects in dendroclimatology, dendroecology and dendrogeomorphology.
- Published
- 2013
47. Restauración y manejo de pinares de pino carrasco tras incendio en el sureste de la península ibérica
- Author
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Heras Ibáñez, Jorge de las, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Hernández-Tecles, E. J., Hedo, J., Moya Navarro, Daniel, Heras Ibáñez, Jorge de las, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, Hernández-Tecles, E. J., Hedo, J., and Moya Navarro, Daniel
- Abstract
In the current framework of climate change, the Mediterranean Basin fire regime is being modified. In the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula, Pinus halepensis is the principal tree species of forest stands. A revision of the post-fire Aleppo pine stands evolution has been performed, showing different behaviours in its natural regeneration. Regeneration is not always guaranteed, promoting whether a large regeneration or an absence of it requiring forest restoration. Both cases need monitoring in the short, medium and long term, in order to improve its post-fire management, and therefore assess which treatments are suitable to carry out at each time., En el contexto actual de cambio global y en particular, de cambio climático, el régimen de incendios en la Cuenca Mediterránea se está viendo modificado. En el sureste de la Península Ibérica Pinus halepensis es la especie arbórea principal de las masas forestales. En este trabajo se ha realizado una revisión sobre la evolución de las masas de pino carrasco después de incendio, observando diferentes comportamientos en su regeneración natural. Esta regeneración no siempre está garantizada, dando lugar a una elevada densidad de brinzales o bien una ausencia total de los mismos pudiendo requerir una restauración forestal. Ambos casos demandan un seguimiento de la masa a corto, medio y largo plazo, para mejorar su manejo post-incendio, y así valorar qué tipo de tratamientos son precisos llevar a cabo en cada momento.
- Published
- 2011
48. Dendrochronology Course In Valsaín Forest, Segovia, Spain
- Author
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Touchan, Ramzi, primary, Meko, David M., additional, Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan A., additional, Sánchez-Salguero, Raúl, additional, Camarero, J. Julio, additional, Kerchouche, Dalila, additional, Muntan, Elena, additional, Khabcheche, Madjda, additional, Blanco, Juan A., additional, Morata, Clara Rodriguez, additional, Garófano-Gómez, Virginia, additional, Martín, Luis A., additional, Alfaro-Sánchez, Raquel, additional, Garah, Kenza, additional, Hevia, Andrea, additional, Madrigal-González, Jaime, additional, Sánchez-Miranda, Ángela, additional, Shestakova, Tatiana A., additional, and Tabakova, María, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Land‐use legacies influence tree water‐use efficiency and nitrogen availability in recently established European forests
- Author
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Irene Martín-Forés, Rossella Guerrieri, Fernando Valladares, Arndt Hampe, Joan Pino, Josep Maria Espelta, Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez, Marta Correia, CREAF - Centre for Ecological Research and Applied Forestries, University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Guerrieri, Rossella, Correia, Marta, Martín‐Forés, Irene, Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel, Pino, Joan, Hampe, Arndt, Valladares, Fernando, Espelta, Josep Maria, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
- Subjects
Water-use efficiency ,0106 biological sciences ,Stomatal conductance ,beech forest, forest expansion, land-use change, nitrogen availability, water-use efficiency, δ13C, δ15N ,Land-use change ,Nitrogen availability ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Basal area ,Fagus sylvatica ,Ecosystem ,Forest expansion ,Beech ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,biology ,fungi ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy ,Productivity (ecology) ,13. Climate action ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,δ13C ,Beech forests ,Cycling ,δ15N ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
1. Forest regrowth following farmland (agriculture and pasture) abandonment has been positively associated with a number of processes including the regulation of hydrological cycling, the enhancement of soil functioning and an increase in forest productivity and carbon (C) sequestration. Although these changes in eco-system functioning post-farmland abandonment have been observed in multiple locations and studies, the ecophysiological basis underpinning these patterns re-mains unclear. Here, we examine whether increased forest expansion following pastureland abandonment is associated with greater water-use efficiency (WUE) and legacies from previous land use in terms of nitrogen (N) availability., 2. We thus explored differences in leaf traits and N availability between recently es-tablished (post-1950) beech Fagus sylvatica (L.) forests on former pastureland and long-established beech forests (pre-1950). The investigated leaf traits were SLA, leaf N concentration (%N) and intrinsic WUE (iWUE, i.e. the ratio between photo-synthesis and stomatal conductance); as well, leaf and soil stable N isotope compo-sition (δ15N) and total %N were used to assess changes in N availability. Finally, we compared the correlation strength between the above-mentioned parameters and those associated with tree productivity (wood density and basal area increment, BAI) and the richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) in these two forest types., 3. Recent forests had greater iWUE than long-established forests, which was associated more with lower SLA than leaf %N. Leaf and soil δ15N were more robust proxies than %N for detecting differences in N availability. Less negative leaf and soil δ15N values in recent versus long-established forests suggest, on the one hand, greater N avail-ability, probably due to higher historical N input originating from animal excreta on these former pasturelands, and, on the other hand, an increase in N loss pathways., 4. Our results point to greater correlations between leaf δ15N, tree iWUE and pro-ductivity in recent forests than in long-established forests, thereby suggesting a close link between C and N cycles. Our findings also highlight different N dynam-ics between the two forest types, with recent forests showing ‘leaky’ N cycling wherever lower N retention by trees and associated ECM fungi occurs as a legacy of previous land use., This study was supported by the projects: SPONFOREST (APCIN_ 2016_0174), NEWFORLAND (RTI2018-099397-B-C22 MCIU/AEI/ERDF, EU) and BEEMED (SGR913 Generalitat de Catalunya). Etal.was supported by the postdoctoral grant Juan de la Cierva-Formación from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (grant no. FJCI-2015-26848). T
- Published
- 2021
50. No Future Growth Enhancement Expected at the Northern Edge for European Beech due to Continued Water Limitation.
- Author
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Klesse S, Peters RL, Alfaro-Sánchez R, Badeau V, Baittinger C, Battipaglia G, Bert D, Biondi F, Bosela M, Budeanu M, Čada V, Camarero JJ, Cavin L, Claessens H, Cretan AM, Čufar K, de Luis M, Dorado-Liñán I, Dulamsuren C, Espelta JM, Garamszegi B, Grabner M, Gricar J, Hacket-Pain A, Hansen JK, Hartl C, Hevia A, Hobi M, Janda P, Jump AS, Kašpar J, Kazimirović M, Keren S, Kreyling J, Land A, Latte N, Lebourgeois F, Leuschner C, Lévesque M, Longares LA, Del Castillo EM, Menzel A, Merela M, Mikoláš M, Motta R, Muffler L, Neycken A, Nola P, Panayotov M, Petritan AM, Petritan IC, Popa I, Prislan P, Levanič T, Roibu CC, Rubio-Cuadrado Á, Sánchez-Salguero R, Šamonil P, Stajić B, Svoboda M, Tognetti R, Toromani E, Trotsiuk V, van der Maaten E, van der Maaten-Theunissen M, Vannoppen A, Vašíčková I, von Arx G, Wilmking M, Weigel R, Zlatanov T, Zang C, and Buras A
- Subjects
- Europe, Droughts, Water metabolism, Temperature, Forests, Fagus growth & development, Fagus physiology, Climate Change
- Abstract
With ongoing global warming, increasing water deficits promote physiological stress on forest ecosystems with negative impacts on tree growth, vitality, and survival. How individual tree species will react to increased drought stress is therefore a key research question to address for carbon accounting and the development of climate change mitigation strategies. Recent tree-ring studies have shown that trees at higher latitudes will benefit from warmer temperatures, yet this is likely highly species-dependent and less well-known for more temperate tree species. Using a unique pan-European tree-ring network of 26,430 European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees from 2118 sites, we applied a linear mixed-effects modeling framework to (i) explain variation in climate-dependent growth and (ii) project growth for the near future (2021-2050) across the entire distribution of beech. We modeled the spatial pattern of radial growth responses to annually varying climate as a function of mean climate conditions (mean annual temperature, mean annual climatic water balance, and continentality). Over the calibration period (1952-2011), the model yielded high regional explanatory power (R
2 = 0.38-0.72). Considering a moderate climate change scenario (CMIP6 SSP2-4.5), beech growth is projected to decrease in the future across most of its distribution range. In particular, projected growth decreases by 12%-18% (interquartile range) in northwestern Central Europe and by 11%-21% in the Mediterranean region. In contrast, climate-driven growth increases are limited to around 13% of the current occurrence, where the historical mean annual temperature was below ~6°C. More specifically, the model predicts a 3%-24% growth increase in the high-elevation clusters of the Alps and Carpathian Arc. Notably, we find little potential for future growth increases (-10 to +2%) at the poleward leading edge in southern Scandinavia. Because in this region beech growth is found to be primarily water-limited, a northward shift in its distributional range will be constrained by water availability., (© 2024 The Author(s). Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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