Author: "Alfa J" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Alfa J"' showing total 98 results

Start Over Author "Alfa J"

98 results on '"Alfa J"'

1. Public knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for cardiovascular disease among young and middle-aged adults in rural Tanzania

Author: Alfa J. Muhihi, Amani Anaeli, Rose N. M. Mpembeni, Bruno F. Sunguya, Germana Leyna, Deodatus Kakoko, Anna Tengia Kessy, Mary Mwanyika Sando, Marina Njelekela, and David P. Urassa
Subjects: Knowledge, Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factors, Warning signs, Tanzania, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Improving cardiovascular health requires public knowledge and reduction of modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This study assessed knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for CVDs among young and middle-aged adults in Morogoro, Tanzania. Methods We conducted a community-based survey as part of cluster randomized controlled study of community health workers (CHWs) intervention for reduction of blood pressure among young and middle-aged adults in rural Morogoro. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for CVDs was collected using an interviewer administered questionaire. Knowledge was assessed using open-ended questions followed by closed-ended questions. Descriptive statistics were used to describe knowledge of risk factors and warning signs. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with adequate knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for CVDs. Results Two-thirds (65.7%) of the participants had heard about CVDs. The main sources of information were mainly relatives/ neighbors (64.8%) and radio (53.0%). Only 28.3% of the participants reported health care providers as source of information about CVDs. More than half of the participants (52.4%) did not mention even one risk factor spontaneously while 55.2% were unable to mention any warning sign. When asked to select from a list, 6.9% were unable to correctly identify any risk factor whereas 11.8% could not correctly identify even a single warning sign. Quarter of participants (25.4%) had good knowledge score of risk factors, 17.5% had good knowledge score of warning signs and 16.3% had overall good knowledge of both risk factors and warning signs. Residing in Ulanga, having higher education level, having ever checked blood pressure and being overweight/obese predicted adequacy of knowledge score for both risk factors and warning signs. Conclusion Knowledge of risk factors and warning signs in this rural population of young and middle-aged adults was generally low. Health care providers were less likely to provide health education regarding risk factors and warning signs for CVDs. Health promotion interventions to increase population knowledge of risk factors and warning signs should be implemented for successful reduction of CVDs in Tanzania.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension among Young and Middle-Aged Adults: Results from a Community-Based Survey in Rural Tanzania

Author: Alfa J. Muhihi, Amani Anaeli, Rose N. M. Mpembeni, Bruno F. Sunguya, Germana Leyna, Deodatus Kakoko, Anna Tengia Kessy, Mary Mwanyika Sando, Marina Njelekela, and David P. Urassa
Subjects: Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background. Hypertension, which is the single most important risk factor for CVDs, is increasing at an alarming rate in most developing countries. This study estimated the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among young and middle-aged adults in rural Morogoro, Tanzania. Furthermore, it explored factors associated with both prevalence and awareness of hypertension. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted as part of the cluster randomized controlled study of community health workers (CHWs) interventions for reduction of blood pressure in a randomly selected sample of young and middle-aged population in rural Morogoro. Sociodemographics, lifestyle-related factors, history of diagnosis, and treatment for hypertension were collected using a questionnaire adopted from the STEPS survey tool. Blood pressure, height, and weight were measured at home following standard procedures. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess determinants of hypertension and awareness. Result. The prevalence of hypertension was 29.3% (95% CI: 27.7–31.0). Among individuals with hypertension, only 34.3% were aware of their hypertension status. Only around one-third (35.4%) of those who were aware of their hypertension status were currently on antihypertensive medication. Hypertension control was attained in only 29.9% among those on medications. Older age (p
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Effect of training community health workers and their interventions on cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in Morogoro, Tanzania: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

Author: Alfa J Muhihi, David P Urassa, Rose N M Mpembeni, Germana H Leyna, Bruno F Sunguya, Deodatus Kakoko, Anna Tengia Kessy, and Marina A Njelekela
Subjects: Cardiovascular diseases, Cardiovascular disease risk factors, Community health worker, Health education, Healthy lifestyle promotion, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) increasingly contribute to morbidity and mortality in Tanzania. Public knowledge about CVD risk factors is important for the primary prevention of CVDs and can be improved through community-based interventions delivered by community health workers (CHWs). However, evidence of the utility of CHWs in improving knowledge and CVD risk factors profile is lacking in Tanzania. This study aims at assessing the effect of training CHWs and their CVD-specific interventions for reduction of hypertension and other CVD risk factors among adults in Morogoro, Tanzania. Methods This study will use a mixed-methods design with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A baseline quantitative survey will be conducted to assess knowledge, prevalence, and determinants of CVD risk factors in a random sample of 2950 adults aged 25–64 years. A cluster randomized controlled design with pre-test will be used to assess the effects of CVD-specific interventions delivered by CHWs on reduction of blood pressure and proportion of other CVD risk factors among 516 adults with raised blood pressure from 12 randomly selected villages in Morogoro, Tanzania. Focus group discussion (FGDs) will be conducted at the end of the intervention to assess perceived quality and acceptability of CVD-specific interventions delivered by CHWs. The intervention will consist of a five-day CVD-specific training to CHWs from villages randomized to the intervention. Trained CHWs will then provide home health education and healthy lifestyle promotion for prevention of CVD risk factors, counseling about hypertension screening for early identification, and referral and linkage of individuals with elevated blood pressure to health facilities. Since intensity of the intervention is key to reinforce behavior change, CHWs will visit the participants every month for the first six months, then bi-monthly thereafter up to 12 months. Except for referral of participants with raised blood pressure identified during the baseline survey, control villages will not receive any interventions delivered by CHWs. At the end of the intervention period, an end-line survey will be conducted in both intervention and control villages to evaluate changes in knowledge, blood pressure, and proportion of other CVD risk factors. Discussion The results of this study are likely to have positive policy implications for the prevention of CVD risk factors through the use of CHWs in the provision of CVD-specific interventions, especially now that the Tanzanian government is considering implementing and scaling up a nation-wide multitask CHW cadre. Trial registration PACTR Registry, PACTR201801002959401. Registered on 10 January 2018.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Elevated blood pressure among primary school children in Dar es salaam, Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors

Author: Alfa J. Muhihi, Marina A. Njelekela, Rose N. M. Mpembeni, Bikolimana G. Muhihi, Amani Anaeli, Omary Chillo, Sulende Kubhoja, Benjamin Lujani, Mwanamkuu Maghembe, and Davis Ngarashi
Subjects: Prevalence, Elevated blood pressure, Age, Overweight, Obesity, Children, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract: Abstract Background Whilst the burden of non-communicable diseases is increasing in developing countries, little data is available on blood pressure among Tanzanian children. This study aimed at determining the blood pressure profiles and risk factors associated with elevated blood pressure among primary school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods We conducted a cross sectional survey among 446 children aged 6–17 years from 9 randomly selected primary schools in Dar es Salaam. We measured blood pressure using a standardized digital blood pressure measuring machine (Omron Digital HEM-907, Tokyo, Japan). We used an average of the three blood pressure readings for analysis. Elevated blood pressure was defined as average systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90th percentile for age, gender and height. Results The proportion of children with elevated blood pressure was 15.2% (pre-hypertension 4.4% and hypertension 10.8%). No significant gender differences were observed in the prevalence of elevated BP. Increasing age and overweight/obese children were significantly associated with elevated BP (p = 0.0029 and p
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author: Zhou, Bin, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Danaei, Goodarz, Riley, Leanne M, Paciorek, Christopher J, Stevens, Gretchen A, Gregg, Edward W, Bennett, James E, Solomon, Bethlehem, Singleton, Rosie K, Sophiea, Marisa K, Iurilli, Maria LC, Lhoste, Victor PF, Cowan, Melanie J, Savin, Stefan, Woodward, Mark, Balanova, Yulia, Cifkova, Renata, Damasceno, Albertino, Elliott, Paul, Farzadfar, Farshad, He, Jiang, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Margozzini Maira, Paula, Miranda, J Jaime, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Sundström, Johan, Varghese, Cherian, Widyahening, Indah S, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmadizar, Fariba, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Ansong, Daniel, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Auvinen, Juha, Avdićová, Mária, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V, Bahijri, Suhad, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Banadinović, Maja, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barceló, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barreto, Marta, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Bartosiewicz, Anna, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D, Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benet, Mikhail, Benson, Lowell S, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloísa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bia, Daniel, Biasch, Katia, Bika Lele, Elysée Claude, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G, Boissonnet, Carlos P, Bojesen, Stig E, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Bovet, Pascal, Boyer, Christopher B, Braeckman, Lutgart, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Briceño, Yajaira, Brito, Miguel, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Bueno, Gloria, Bugge, Anna, Burns, Con, Bursztyn, Michael, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cameron, Christine, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Capanzana, Mario V, Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Carvalho, Joana, Casanueva, Felipe F, Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Cherkaoui Dekkaki, Imane, Chetrit, Angela, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L, Crampin, Amelia C, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cruz, Juan J, Csilla, Semánová, Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe V, Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, David, De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D, DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, Delisle, Hélène, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F, Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Dickerson, Ty T, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha TP, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P, Döring, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dörr, Marcus, Doua, Kouamelan, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Duante, Charmaine A, Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B, Dulskiene, Virginija, Dushpanova, Anar, Džakula, Aleksandar, Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elosua, Roberto, Erasmus, Rajiv T, Erbel, Raimund, Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fakhretdinova, Albina A, Fall, Caroline H, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Felix, Stephan B, Ferguson, Trevor S, Fernandes, Romulo A, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferreira, Haroldo S, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fink, Günther, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M, Francis, Damian K, Franco, Maria do Carmo, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D, Fuchs, Sandra C, Fujita, Yuki, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furer, Ariel, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galenkamp, Henrike, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Gao, Pei, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia, Pablo, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Geleijnse, Johanna M, George, Ronnie, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Ghimire, Anup, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gieger, Christian, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Goldberg, Marcel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A, Gomez, Luis F, Gomula, Aleksandra, Gonçalves, Helen, Gonçalves, Mauer, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna, Gonzalez-Chica, David A, Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, González-Rivas, Juan P, González-Villalpando, Clicerio, González-Villalpando, María-Elena, Gonzalez, Angel R, Gorbea, Mariano Bonet, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guan, Ong Peng, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L, Gulliford, Martin C, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc J, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Ha, Seongjun, Hadaegh, Farzad, Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjær, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R, Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu AM, Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Menêses, Hari Kumar, Rachakulla, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Yuna, Heier, Margit, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herqutanto, Herrala, Sauli, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G, Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C, Hobbs, Michael, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Horasan Dinc, Gonul, Horimoto, Andrea RVR, Hormiga, Claudia M, Horta, Bernardo L, Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, José María, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif S, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ibrahim, Mohsen M, Ibrahim Wong, Norazizah, Ikram, M Arfan, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E, Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C, Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jackson, Rod T, Jacobs, Jeremy M, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelaković, Ana, Jelaković, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jørgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jóżwiak, Jacek, Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Jureša, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O, Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalpourtzi, Natasa, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kampmann, Freja B, Kannan, Srinivasan, Karaglani, Eva, Kårhus, Line L, Karki, Khem B, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M, Keil, Ulrich, Keinan Boker, Lital, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kemper, Han CG, Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Jeongseon, Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Kontto, Jukka P, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kriaucioniene, Vilma, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steiner, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R Krishna, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S, Kutsenko, Vladimir, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Lam, Tai Hing, Landrove, Orlando, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle, Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh, Le, Tuyen D, Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehmann, Nils, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M Fernanda, Lin, Xu, Lin, Yi-Ting, Lind, Lars, Lingam, Vijaya, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Lo, Wei-Cheng, Loit, Helle-Mai, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lopez, Tania, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, José Eugenio, Lukačević Lovrenčić, Iva, Lukrafka, Janice L, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lustigová, Michala, Luszczki, Edyta, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Machado-Coelho, George LL, Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M, Macia, Enguerran, Macieira, Luisa M, Madar, Ahmed A, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Majer, Marjeta, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rahul, Mallikharjuna Rao, Kodavanti, Malyutina, Sofia K, Maniego, Lynell V, Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manzato, Enzo, Marcil, Anie, Mårild, Staffan B, Marinović Glavić, Mihalea, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martorell, Reynaldo, Mascarenhas, Luis P, Matasin, Marija, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, Mathur, Prashant, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matlosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E, Mavrogianni, Christina, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J, McFarlane, Shelly R, McGarvey, Stephen T, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, McNulty, Breige A, Mediene Benchekor, Sounnia, Medzioniene, Jurate, Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Mendoza Montano, Carlos, Menezes, Ana Maria B, Menon, Geetha R, Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I, Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Haakon E, Mi, Jie, Michels, Nathalie, Mikkel, Kairit, Milkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C, Minderico, Cláudia S, Mini, GK, Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta, Modesti, Pietro A, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed, Mostafa K, Mohamed, Shukri F, Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohanna, Salim, Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli, Mohebbi, Iraj, Mohebi, Farnam, Moitry, Marie, Møllehave, Line T, Molnár, Dénes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K, Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K, Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moreira, Leila B, Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A, Morgan, Karen, Moschonis, George, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Mota, Jorge, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André, Mridha, Malay K, Msyamboza, Kelias P, Mu, Thet Thet, Muhihi, Alfa J, Muiesan, Maria L, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Murphy, Neil, Mursu, Jaakko, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Musić Milanović, Sanja, Musil, Vera, Mustafa, Norlaila, Nabipour, Iraj, Naderimagham, Shohreh, Nagel, Gabriele, Naidu, Balkish M, Najafi, Farid, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nang, Ei Ei K, Nangia, Vinay B, Narake, Sameer, Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba, Neal, William A, Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nenko, Ilona, Neovius, Martin, Nguyen, Chung T, Nguyen, Nguyen D, Nguyen, Quang V, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E, Niiranen, Teemu J, Nikitin, Yury P, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishtar, Sania, Njelekela, Marina A, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A, Noorbala, Ahmad Ali, Norat, Teresa, Nordendahl, Maria, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Nsour, Mohannad Al, Nunes, Baltazar, O'Neill, Terence W, O'Reilly, Dermot, Ochimana, Caleb, Oda, Eiji, Odili, Augustine N, Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olié, Valérie, Olinto, Maria Teresa A, Oliveira, Isabel O, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Ono, Lariane M, Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Pedro J, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M, Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A, Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Padez, Cristina, Pahomova, Elena, Paiva, Karina Mary de, Pająk, Andrzej, Palli, Domenico, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papandreou, Dimitrios, Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D, Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pećin, Ivan, Pednekar, Mangesh S, Pedro, João M, Peer, Nasheeta, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C, Peres, Karen GDA, Peres, Marco A, Peters, Annette, Petkeviciene, Janina, Peykari, Niloofar, Pham, Son Thai, Pichardo, Rafael N, Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia n, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Polašek, Ozren, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J, Price, Jacqueline F, Providencia, Rui, Puhakka, Soile E, Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qasrawi, Radwan F, Qorbani, Mostafa, Queiroz, Daniel, Quoc Bao, Tran, Radić, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rakhimova, Ellina M, Ramachandra Rao, Sudha, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramos, Elisabete, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rangel Reina, Daniel A, Rarra, Vayia, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M, Regecová, Valéria, Revilla, Luis, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Richter, Adrian, Rigo, Fernando, Rinke de Wit, Tobias F, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M, Robitaille, Cynthia, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, María del Cristo, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A, Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Romaguera, Dora, Romeo, Elisabetta L, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel GR, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Rusakova, Iuliia A, Russo, Paola, Rutkowski, Marcin, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Saidi, Olfa, Sakarya, Sibel, Saki, Nader, Salanave, Benoit, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sans, Susana, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Lèlita C, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Rute, Saramies, Jouko L, Sardinha, Luis B, Sarganas, Giselle, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savva, Savvas, Sawada, Norie, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schargrodsky, Herman, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schnohr, Peter, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schultsz, Constance, Schutte, Aletta E, Sebert, Sylvain, Sein, Aye Aye, Sen, Abhijit, Senbanjo, Idowu O, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servais, Jennifer, Shalnova, Svetlana A, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Morteza, Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shi, Zumin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shin, Dong Wook, Shirani, Majid, Shiri, Rahman, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Siani, Alfonso, Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M, Silva, Caroline Ramos de Moura, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobngwi, Eugène, Söderberg, Stefan, Soemantri, Agustinus, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Sorić, Maroje, Sossa Jérome, Charles, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Staessen, Jan A, Starc, Gregor, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stocks, Tanja, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Suka, Machi, Sun, Chien-An, Sung, Yn-Tz, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Sy, Rody G, Syddall, Holly E, Sylva, René Charles, Szklo, Moyses, Tai, E Shyong, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, KR, Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thijs, Lutgarde, Thinggaard, Mikael, Thomas, Nihal, Thorand, Barbara, Thuesen, Betina H, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjandrarini, Dwi H, Tjonneland, Anne, Toft, Ulla, Tolonen, Hanna K, Tolstrup, Janne S, Topbas, Murat, Topór-Madry, Roman, Tormo, María José, Tornaritis, Michael J, Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh TH, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L, Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ulmer, Hanno, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Herck, Koen, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, van Zutphen, Elisabeth M, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Vasan, Senthil K, Vega, Tomas, Veidebaum, Toomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Victora, Cesar G, Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vineis, Paolo, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Ari, Wade, Alisha N, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis OA, Wan Bebakar, Wan Mohamad, Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon, Wanderley Júnior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H, Widhalm, Kurt, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Emmanuel A, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Wyszynska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tajana, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio, and Ezzati, Majid
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Public knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for cardiovascular disease among young and middle-aged adults in rural Tanzania

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., Anaeli, Amani, Mpembeni, Rose N. M., Sunguya, Bruno F., Leyna, Germana, Kakoko, Deodatus, Kessy, Anna Tengia, Sando, Mary Mwanyika, Njelekela, Marina, and Urassa, David P.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome in a Male Adult with Recurrent Palpitation: A Case Report

Author: Taiwo Folasade, Durotoluwa M, Adedokun T, Ajanya O, Etubi I, Ginika O, Ijir, Sani M.S, Adedeji M, Mohammed S, Folorunsho A, Ojji D, Alfa J, and Odili N
Abstract: Wolff –Parkinson- White(WPW) is a form of pre excitation syndrome characterized by the existence of an accessory pathway that predisposes patients to tachyarrhythmias and sudden death. Though not a common presentation but physicians get to see such cases and majority of the cases never present with an underlying structural cardiac disease. Patients with WPW syndrome are at greater risk of hazardous ventricular arrhythmias. The accessory atrioventricular pathways (AP) in Wolff –ParkinsonWhite result in abnormal preexcitation around the atrioventricular annuli producing a dyssynchronous contraction of cardiac chambers. Early detection and the usefulness of transthoracic echocardiography in identifying regional and global contractile function cannot be overemphasized. We present the case of a 45 year old man with WPW syndrome who presented with recurrent palpitations and dizziness. Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome Type B was suspected from lead V1 and 2Dspeckle tracking performed showed, a decrease in regional strain at the basal anteroseptal, inferior septal, inferior and mid anteroseptal left ventricular segments.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Effect of training community health workers and their interventions on cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in Morogoro, Tanzania: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J, Urassa, David P, Mpembeni, Rose N M, Leyna, Germana H, Sunguya, Bruno F, Kakoko, Deodatus, Kessy, Anna Tengia, and Njelekela, Marina A
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Elevated blood pressure among primary school children in Dar es salaam, Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., Njelekela, Marina A., Mpembeni, Rose N. M., Muhihi, Bikolimana G., Anaeli, Amani, Chillo, Omary, Kubhoja, Sulende, Lujani, Benjamin, Maghembe, Mwanamkuu, and Ngarashi, Davis
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Non-specific effects of BCG and DTP vaccination on infant mortality: An analysis of birth cohorts in Ghana and Tanzania

Author: MK Quinn, Karen M. Edmond, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Lisa Hurt, Betty R. Kirkwood, Honorati Masanja, Alfa J. Muhihi, Sam Newton, Ramadhani A Noor, Paige L. Williams, Christopher R. Sudfeld, and Emily R. Smith
Subjects: General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, Vaccination, Infant, Newborn, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Ghana, Tanzania, Sex Factors, Infectious Diseases, Infant Mortality, BCG Vaccine, Humans, Molecular Medicine, Birth Cohort, Vitamin A, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Vaccines may induce non-specific effects on survival and health outcomes, in addition to protection against targeted pathogens or disease. Observational evidence suggests that infant Baccillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination may provide non-specific survival benefits, while diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination may increase the risk of mortality. Non-specific vaccine effects have been hypothesized to modify the effect of neonatal vitamin A supplementation (NVAS) on mortality. METHODS: 22,955 newborns in Ghana and 31,999 newborns in Tanzania were enrolled in two parallel, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of neonatal vitamin A supplementation from 2010 to 2014 and followed until 1-year of age. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate associations of BCG and DTP vaccination with infant survival. RESULTS: BCG vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of infant mortality after controlling for confounders in both countries (Ghana adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38-0.68; Tanzania aHR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.07-0.10). Receiving a DTP vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of death (Ghana aHR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.26-0.59; Tanzania aHR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.16-0.22). There was no evidence of interaction between BCG or DTP vaccination status and infant sex or NVAS. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that BCG and DTP vaccination were associated with decreased risk of infant mortality in Ghana and Tanzania with no evidence of interaction between DTP or BCG vaccination, NVAS, and infant sex. Our study supports global recommendations on BCG and DTP vaccination and programmatic efforts to ensure all children have access to timely vaccination. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: Ghana (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12610000582055) and Tanzania (ANZCTR: ACTRN12610000636055).
Published: 2022

11. Non-specific effects of BCG and DTP vaccination on infant mortality: An analysis of birth cohorts in Ghana and Tanzania

Author: Quinn, MK, primary, Edmond, Karen M., additional, Fawzi, Wafaie W., additional, Hurt, Lisa, additional, Kirkwood, Betty R., additional, Masanja, Honorati, additional, Muhihi, Alfa J., additional, Newton, Sam, additional, Noor, Ramadhani A, additional, Williams, Paige L., additional, Sudfeld, Christopher R., additional, and Smith, Emily R., additional
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Knowledge and practice of pharmaceutical care among hospital pharmacists in Abuja

Author: Adigwe, O. P., Alfa, J., and Umoru, A. B.
Published: 2016

13. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author: Zhou, Bin Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M. Danaei, Goodarz Riley, Leanne M. Paciorek, Christopher J. Stevens, Gretchen A. and Gregg, Edward W. Bennett, James E. Solomon, Bethlehem and Singleton, Rosie K. Sophiea, Marisa K. Iurilli, Maria L. C. and Lhoste, Victor P. F. Cowan, Melanie J. Savin, Stefan and Woodward, Mark Balanova, Yulia Cifkova, Renata Damasceno, Albertino Elliott, Paul Farzadfar, Farshad He, Jiang and Ikeda, Nayu Kengne, Andre P. Khang, Young-Ho Kim, Hyeon Chang Laxmaiah, Avula Lin, Hsien-Ho Margozzini Maira, Paula and Miranda, J. Jaime Neuhauser, Hannelore Sundstrom, Johan and Varghese, Cherian Widyahening, Indah S. Zdrojewski, Tomasz and Ezzati, Majid Abarca-Gomez, Leandra Abdeen, Ziad A. Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin and Adams, Robert J. Aekplakorn, Wichai Afsana, Kaosar and Afzal, Shoaib Agdeppa, Imelda A. Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad and Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A. Agyemang, Charles Ahmad, Noor Ani and Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Naser Ahmadi, Nastaran Ahmadizar, Fariba and Ahmed, Soheir H. Ahrens, Wolfgang Ajlouni, Kamel and Al-Raddadi, Rajaa Alarouj, Monira AlBuhairan, Fadia and AlDhukair, Shahla Ali, Mohamed M. Alkandari, Abdullah and Alkerwi, Ala'a Allin, Kristine Aly, Eman Amarapurkar, Deepak N. Amougou, Norbert Amouyel, Philippe Andersen, Lars Bo and Anderssen, Sigmund A. Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Ansong, Daniel Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer Araujo, Joana and Ariansen, Inger Aris, Tahir Arku, Raphael E. Arlappa, Nimmathota Aryal, Krishna K. Aspelund, Thor Assah, Felix K. and Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F. Auvinen, Juha Avdicova, Maria and Azevedo, Ana Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen Azizi, Fereidoun Azmin, Mehrdad Babu, Bontha V. Bahijri, Suhad Balakrishna, Nagalla and Balanova, Yulia Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed Banach, Maciej and Banadinovic, Maja Bandosz, Piotr Banegas, Jose R. Baran, Joanna Barbagallo, Carlo M. Barcelo, Alberto Barkat, Amina and Barreto, Marta Barros, Aluisio J. D. Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio Bartosiewicz, Anna Basit, Abdul Bastos, Joao Luiz D. Bata, Iqbal Batieha, Anwar M. Batyrbek, Assembekov and Baur, Louise A. Beaglehole, Robert Belavendra, Antonisamy and Ben Romdhane, Habiba Benet, Mikhail Bennett, James E. and Benson, Lowell S. Berkinbayev, Salim Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio and Bettiol, Heloisa Bezerra, Jorge Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor Bhargava, Santosh K. Bia, Daniel Biasch, Katia Lele, Elysee Claude Bika Bikbov, Mukharram M. Bista, Bihungum Bjerregaard, Peter and Bjertness, Espen Bjertness, Marius B. Bjorkelund, Cecilia and Bloch, Katia V. Blokstra, Anneke Bo, Simona Bobak, Martin Boeing, Heiner Boggia, Jose G. Boissonnet, Carlos P. and Bojesen, Stig E. Bongard, Vanina Bonilla-Vargas, Alice and Bopp, Matthias Borghs, Herman Bovet, Pascal Boyer, Christopher B. Braeckman, Lutgart Brajkovich, Imperia and Branca, Francesco Breckenkamp, Juergen Brenner, Hermann and Brewster, Lizzy M. Briceno, Yajaira Brito, Miguel Bruno, Graziella Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Bueno, Gloria Bugge, Anna Burns, Con Bursztyn, Michael Cabrera de Leon, Antonio and Cacciottolo, Joseph Cameron, Christine Can, Gunay and Candido, Ana Paula C. Capanzana, Mario V. Capkova, Nadezda and Capuano, Eduardo Capuano, Vincenzo Cardoso, Viviane C. and Carlsson, Axel C. Carvalho, Joana Casanueva, Felipe F. and Censi, Laura Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A. Chamukuttan, Snehalatha Chan, Angelique W. and Chan, Queenie Chaturvedi, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Nish Chee, Miao Li Chen, Chien-Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai and Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Cheng, Ching-Yu Cheraghian, Bahman Dekkaki, Imane Cherkaoui Chetrit, Angela Chien, Kuo-Liong Chiolero, Arnaud Chiou, Shu-Ti Chirita-Emandi, Adela Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores Cho, Belong Christensen, Kaare Christofaro, Diego G. Chudek, Jerzy Cifkova, Renata and Cinteza, Eliza Claessens, Frank Clarke, Janine Clays, Els Cohen, Emmanuel Concin, Hans Cooper, Cyrus and Coppinger, Tara C. Costanzo, Simona Cottel, Dominique and Cowell, Chris Craig, Cora L. Crampin, Amelia C. Crujeiras, Ana B. Cruz, Juan J. Csilla, Semanova Cui, Liufu Cureau, Felipe V. Cuschieri, Sarah D'Arrigo, Graziella d'Orsi, Eleonora Dallongeville, Jean Damasceno, Albertino Danaei, Goodarz Dankner, Rachel Dantoft, Thomas M. Dauchet, Luc and Davletov, Kairat De Backer, Guy De Bacquer, Dirk De Curtis, Amalia de Gaetano, Giovanni De Henauw, Stefaan de Oliveira, Paula Duarte De Ridder, David De Smedt, Delphine Deepa, Mohan Deev, Alexander D. DeGennaro, Vincent Jr Delisle, Helene Demarest, Stefaan Dennison, Elaine Deschamps, Valerie and Dhimal, Meghnath Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F. Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares Diaz, Alejandro Dickerson, Ty T. Dika, Zivka and Djalalinia, Shirin Do, Ha T. P. Dobson, Annette J. and Donfrancesco, Chiara Donoso, Silvana P. Doering, Angela and Dorobantu, Maria Doerr, Marcus Doua, Kouamelan Dragano, Nico and Drygas, Wojciech Duante, Charmaine A. Duboz, Priscilla and Duda, Rosemary B. Dulskiene, Virginija Dushpanova, Anar and Dzakula, Aleksandar Dzerve, Vilnis Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta Eddie, Ricky Eftekhar, Ebrahim Eggertsen, Robert and Eghtesad, Sareh Eiben, Gabriele Ekelund, Ulf El-Khateeb, Mohammad El Ati, Jalila Eldemire-Shearer, Denise Eliasen, Marie Elliott, Paul Elosua, Roberto Erasmus, Rajiv T. and Erbel, Raimund Erem, Cihangir Eriksen, Louise Eriksson, Johan G. Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge Eslami, Saeid Esmaeili, Ali Evans, Alun Faeh, David Fakhretdinova, Albina A. and Fall, Caroline H. Faramarzi, Elnaz Farjam, Mojtaba and Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Mohammad Reza Fawwad, Asher and Felix-Redondo, Francisco J. Felix, Stephan B. Ferguson, Trevor S. Fernandes, Romulo A. Fernandez-Berges, Daniel Ferrante, Daniel Ferrao, Thomas Ferrari, Marika Ferrario, Marco M. and Ferreccio, Catterina Ferreira, Haroldo S. Ferrer, Eldridge and Ferrieres, Jean Figueiro, Thamara Hubler Fink, Gunther and Fischer, Krista Foo, Leng Huat Forsner, Maria Fouad, Heba M. and Francis, Damian K. Franco, Maria do Carmo Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth Frontera, Guillermo Fuchs, Flavio D. Fuchs, Sandra C. and Fujita, Yuki Fumihiko, Matsuda Furdela, Viktoriya Furer, Ariel Furusawa, Takuro Gaciong, Zbigniew Galbarczyk, Andrzej and Galenkamp, Henrike Galvano, Fabio Gao, Jingli Gao, Pei and Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli Garcia, Pablo Gareta, Dickman and Garnett, Sarah P. Gaspoz, Jean-Michel Gasull, Magda and Gazzinelli, Andrea Gehring, Ulrike Geleijnse, Johanna M. and George, Ronnie Ghanbari, Ali Ghasemi, Erfan Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina Ghimire, Anup Gialluisi, Alessandro and Giampaoli, Simona Gieger, Christian Gill, Tiffany K. and Giovannelli, Jonathan Gironella, Glen Giwercman, Aleksander and Gkiouras, Konstantinos Goldberg, Marcel Goldsmith, Rebecca A. and Gomez, Luis F. Gomula, Aleksandra Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves Goncalves, Helen Goncalves, Mauer Gonzalez-Chica, David A. Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P. and Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena and Gonzalez, Angel R. Bonet Gorbea, Mariano Gottrand, Frederic and Graff-Iversen, Sidsel Grafnetter, Dusan Grajda, Aneta and Grammatikopoulou, Maria G. Gregor, Ronald D. Grodzicki, Tomasz and Grosso, Giuseppe Gruden, Gabriella Gu, Dongfeng Guan, Ong Peng Gudmundsson, Elias F. Gudnason, Vilmundur Guerrero, Ramiro Guessous, Idris Guimaraes, Andre L. Gulliford, Martin C. Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna Gunter, Marc J. Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Rajeev Gureje, Oye Gurzkowska, Beata and Gutierrez, Laura Gutzwiller, Felix Ha, Seongjun Hadaegh, Farzad Haghshenas, Rosa Hakimi, Hamid Halkjaer, Jytte and Hambleton, Ian R. Hamzeh, Behrooz Hange, Dominique Hanif, Abu A. M. Hantunen, Sari Hao, Jie Hardman, Carla Meneses and Kumar, Rachakulla Hari Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad Hata, Jun and Haugsgjerd, Teresa Hayes, Alison J. He, Jiang He, Yuna and Heier, Margit Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth Henrique, Rafael dos Santos Henriques, Ana Cadena, Leticia Hernandez Herrala, Sauli Heshmat, Ramin Hill, Allan G. Ho, Sai Yin Ho, Suzanne C. Hobbs, Michael Holdsworth, Michelle Homayounfar, Reza Dinc, Gonul Horasan Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R. Hormiga, Claudia M. Horta, Bernardo L. Houti, Leila Howitt, Christina and Htay, Thein Thein Htet, Aung Soe Htike, Maung Maung Than and Hu, Yonghua Huerta, Jose Maria Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani and Huiart, Laetitia Huisman, Martijn Husseini, Abdullatif S. and Huybrechts, Inge Hwalla, Nahla Iacoviello, Licia Iannone, Anna G. Ibrahim, Mohsen M. Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim Ikeda, Nayu Ikram, M. Arfan Iotova, Violeta Irazola, Vilma E. and Ishida, Takafumi Isiguzo, Godsent C. Islam, Muhammad Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Iwasaki, Masanori Jackson, Rod T. and Jacobs, Jeremy M. Jaddou, Hashem Y. Jafar, Tazeen James, Kenneth Jamrozik, Konrad Janszky, Imre Janus, Edward and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta Jasienska, Grazyna Jelakovic, Ana and Jelakovic, Bojan Jennings, Garry Jha, Anjani Kumar Jiang, Chao Qiang Jimenez, Ramon O. Joeckel, Karl-Heinz Joffres, Michel Johansson, Mattias Jokelainen, Jari J. Jonas, Jost B. and Jorgensen, Torben Joshi, Pradeep Joukar, Farahnaz and Jozwiak, Jacek Juolevi, Anne Jurak, Gregor Juresa, Vesna and Kaaks, Rudolf Kafatos, Anthony Kajantie, Eero O. and Kalmatayeva, Zhanna Kalpourtzi, Natasa Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra and Kampmann, Freja B. Kannan, Srinivasan Karaglani, Eva and Karhus, Line L. Karki, Khem B. Katibeh, Marzieh Katz, Joanne and Kauhanen, Jussi Kaur, Prabhdeep Kavousi, Maryam and Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M. Keil, Ulrich Boker, Lital Keinan and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka Kelishadi, Roya Kemper, Han C. G. and Kengne, Andre P. Keramati, Maryam Kerimkulova, Alina and Kersting, Mathilde Key, Timothy Khader, Yousef Saleh and Khalili, Davood Khang, Young-Ho Khaw, Kay-Tee Kheiri, Bahareh Kheradmand, Motahareh Khosravi, Alireza and Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula Kiechl, Stefan Killewo, Japhet and Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Hyeon Chang Kim, Jeongseon Klakk, Heidi and Klimek, Magdalena Klumbiene, Jurate Knoflach, Michael and Kolle, Elin Kolsteren, Patrick Kontto, Jukka P. Korpelainen, Raija Korrovits, Paul Kos, Jelena Koskinen, Seppo Kouda, Katsuyasu Kowlessur, Sudhir Koziel, Slawomir Kratenova, Jana and Kriaucioniene, Vilma Kristensen, Peter Lund Krokstad, Steiner Kromhout, Daan Kruger, Herculina S. Kubinova, Ruzena and Kuciene, Renata Kujala, Urho M. Kulaga, Zbigniew Kumar, R. Krishna Kurjata, Pawel Kusuma, Yadlapalli S. Kutsenko, Vladimir Kuulasmaa, Kari Kyobutungi, Catherine Laatikainen, Tiina Lachat, Carl Laid, Youcef Lam, Tai Hing Landrove, Orlando Lanska, Vera Lappas, Georg Larijani, Bagher and Latt, Tint Swe Laxmaiah, Avula Le Coroller, Gwenaelle Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Le, Tuyen D. Lee, Jeannette Lee, Jeonghee and Lehmann, Nils Lehtimaki, Terho Lemogoum, Daniel Levitt, Naomi S. Li, Yanping Lilly, Christa L. Lim, Wei-Yen and Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda Lin, Hsien-Ho Lin, Xu Lin, Yi-Ting and Lind, Lars Lingam, Vijaya Linneberg, Allan Lissner, Lauren Litwin, Mieczyslaw Lo, Wei-Cheng Loit, Helle-Mai and Lopez-Garcia, Esther Lopez, Tania Lotufo, Paulo A. Lozano, Jose Eugenio Lovrencic, Iva Lukacevic Lukrafka, Janice L. and Luksiene, Dalia Lundqvist, Annamari Lundqvist, Robert Lunet, Nuno Lustigova, Michala Luszczki, Edyta Ma, Guansheng and Ma, Jun Machado-Coelho, George L. L. Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M. Macia, Enguerran Macieira, Luisa M. Madar, Ahmed A. Maggi, Stefania Magliano, Dianna J. Magriplis, Emmanuella Mahasampath, Gowri Maire, Bernard Majer, Marjeta and Makdisse, Marcia Malekzadeh, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Reza and Malhotra, Rahul Mallikharjuna, Kodavanti Malyutina, Sofia K. and Maniego, Lynell V. Manios, Yannis Mann, Jim I. and Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz Manzato, Enzo Marcil, Anie and Margozzini, Paula Marild, Staffan B. Glavic, Mihalea Marinovic and Marques-Vidal, Pedro Marques, Larissa Pruner Marrugat, Jaume and Martorell, Reynaldo Mascarenhas, Luis P. Matasin, Marija and Mathiesen, Ellisiv B. Mathur, Prashant Matijasevich, Alicia and Matlosz, Piotr Matsha, Tandi E. Mavrogianni, Christina and Mbanya, Jean Claude N. Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J. McFarlane, Shelly R. McGarvey, Stephen T. McLachlan, Stela McLean, Rachael M. McLean, Scott B. McNulty, Breige A. Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene Medzioniene, Jurate Mehdipour, Parinaz and Mehlig, Kirsten Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang Meirhaeghe, Aline and Meisinger, Christa Mendoza Montano, Carlos Menezes, Ana Maria B. and Menon, Geetha R. Mereke, Alibek Meshram, Indrapal I. and Metspalu, Andres Meyer, Haakon E. Mi, Jie Michels, Nathalie and Mikkel, Kairit Milkowska, Karolina Miller, Jody C. and Minderico, Claudia S. Mini, G. K. Miranda, J. Jaime and Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza Mirrakhimov, Erkin Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta Modesti, Pietro A. Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi Mohajer, Bahram Mohamed, Mostafa K. Mohamed, Shukri F. Mohammad, Kazem Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Zahra and Mohammadifard, Noushin Mohammadpourhodki, Reza Mohan, Viswanathan Mohanna, Salim Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd and Mohebbi, Iraj Mohebi, Farnam Moitry, Marie Mollehave, Line T. Molnar, Denes Momenan, Amirabbas Mondo, Charles K. and Monterrubio-Flores, Eric Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K. Moon, Jin Soo Moosazadeh, Mahmood Moreira, Leila B. Morejon, Alain and Moreno, Luis A. Morgan, Karen Moschonis, George Mossakowska, Malgorzata Mostafa, Aya Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali Mota, Jorge and Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel Motta, Jorge Andre Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos Mridha, Malay K. Msyamboza, Kelias P. Mu, Thet Thet and Muhihi, Alfa J. Muiesan, Maria L. Muller-Nurasyid, Martina and Murphy, Neil Mursu, Jaakko Musa, Kamarul Imran and Milanovic, Sanja Music Musil, Vera Mustafa, Norlaila and Nabipour, Iraj Naderimagham, Shohreh Nagel, Gabriele Naidu, Balkish M. Najafi, Farid Nakamura, Harunobu Namesna, Jana and Nang, Ei Ei K. Nangia, Vinay B. Narake, Sameer Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba Neal, William A. Nejatizadeh, Azim Nenko, Ilona and Neovius, Martin Neuhauser, Hannelore K. Nguyen, Chung T. and Nguyen, Nguyen D. Nguyen, Quang V. Quang Ngoc Nguyen and Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E. Niiranen, Teemu J. Nikitin, Yury P. and Ninomiya, Toshiharu Nishtar, Sania Njelekela, Marina A. and Noale, Marianna Noboa, Oscar A. Noorbala, Ahmad Ali Norat, Teresa Nordendahl, Maria Nordestgaard, Borge G. Noto, Davide and Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia Al Nsour, Mohannad Nunes, Baltazar O'Neill, Terence W. O'Reilly, Dermot Ochimana, Caleb Oda, Eiji Odili, Augustine N. Oh, Kyungwon Ohara, Kumiko Ohtsuka, Ryutaro Olie, Valerie Olinto, Maria Teresa A. Oliveira, Isabel O. Omar, Mohd Azahadi Onat, Altan and Ong, Sok King Ono, Lariane M. Ordunez, Pedro Ornelas, Rui and Ortiz, Pedro J. Osmond, Clive Ostojic, Sergej M. and Ostovar, Afshin Otero, Johanna A. Overvad, Kim Owusu-Dabo, Ellis Paccaud, Fred Michel Padez, Cristina Pahomova, Elena and de Paiva, Karina Mary Pajak, Andrzej Palli, Domenico and Palmieri, Luigi Pan, Wen-Harn Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra and Panza, Francesco Paoli, Mariela Papandreou, Dimitrios Park, Soon-Woo Park, Suyeon Parnell, Winsome R. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Pasquet, Patrick Patel, Nikhil D. Pavlyshyn, Halyna Pecin, Ivan Pednekar, Mangesh S. Pedro, Joao M. and Peer, Nasheeta Peixoto, Sergio Viana Peltonen, Markku and Pereira, Alexandre C. Peres, Karen G. D. A. Peres, Marco A. and Peters, Annette Petkeviciene, Janina Peykari, Niloofar Son Thai Pham Pichardo, Rafael N. Pigeot, Iris Pikhart, Hynek and Pilav, Aida Pilotto, Lorenza Pitakaka, Freda Piwonska, Aleksandra Pizarro, Andreia N. Plans-Rubio, Pedro Polasek, Ozren Porta, Miquel Poudyal, Anil Pourfarzi, Farhad and Pourshams, Akram Poustchi, Hossein Pradeepa, Rajendra Price, Alison J. Price, Jacqueline F. Providencia, Rui Puhakka, Soile E. Puiu, Maria Punab, Margus Qasrawi, Radwan F. and Qorbani, Mostafa Queiroz, Daniel Tran Quoc Bao Radic, Ivana and Radisauskas, Ricardas Rahimikazerooni, Salar Rahman, Mahfuzar Raitakari, Olli Raj, Manu Rakhimova, Ellina M. and Rao, Sudha Ramachandra Ramachandran, Ambady Ramos, Elisabete and Rampal, Lekhraj Rampal, Sanjay Rangel Reina, Daniel A. and Rarra, Vayia Rech, Cassiano Ricardo Redon, Josep Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M. Regecova, Valeria Revilla, Luis and Rezaianzadeh, Abbas Ribeiro, Robespierre Riboli, Elio and Richter, Adrian Rigo, Fernando de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke and Ritti-Dias, Raphael M. Robitaille, Cynthia Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A. Roggenbuck, Ulla Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba Romaguera, Dora Romeo, Elisabetta L. Rosengren, Annika Roy, Joel G. R. and Rubinstein, Adolfo Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Ruiz-Castell, Maria Rusakova, Iuliia A. and Russo, Paola Rutkowski, Marcin Sabanayagam, Charumathi and Sabbaghi, Hamideh Sachdev, Harshpal S. Sadjadi, Alireza and Safarpour, Ali Reza Safi, Sare Safiri, Saeid Saidi, Olfa and Sakarya, Sibel Saki, Nader Salanave, Benoit Salazar Martinez, Eduardo Salmeron, Diego Salomaa, Veikko Salonen, Jukka T. Salvetti, Massimo Sanchez-Abanto, Jose Sans, Susana and Santos, Diana A. Santos, Ina S. Santos, Lelita C. and Santos, Maria Paula Santos, Rute Saramies, Jouko L. and Sardinha, Luis B. Sarganas, Giselle Sarrafzadegan, Nizal and Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu Saum, Kai-Uwe Savva, Savvas and Sawada, Norie Sbaraini, Mariana Scazufca, Marcia Schaan, Beatriz D. Schargrodsky, Herman Schipf, Sabine Schmidt, Carsten O. Schnohr, Peter Schoettker, Ben Schramm, Sara and Schultsz, Constance Schutte, Aletta E. Sebert, Sylvain Sein, Aye Aye Sen, Abhijit Senbanjo, Idowu O. Sepanlou, Sadaf G. and Servais, Jennifer Shalnova, Svetlana A. Shamah-Levy, Teresa and Shamshirgaran, Morteza Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam and Sharafkhah, Maryam Sharma, Sanjib K. Shaw, Jonathan E. and Shayanrad, Amaneh Shayesteh, Ali Akbar Shi, Zumin Shibuya, Kenji Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana Shin, Dong Wook Shirani, Majid and Shiri, Rahman Shrestha, Namuna Si-Ramlee, Khairil Siani, Alfonso Siantar, Rosalynn Sibai, Abla M. de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Simon, Mary and Simons, Judith Simons, Leon A. Sjostrom, Michael and Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw Smeeth, Liam and So, Hung-Kwan Soares, Fernanda Cunha Sobngwi, Eugene and Soderberg, Stefan Soemantri, Agustinus Sofat, Reecha and Solfrizzi, Vincenzo Somi, Mohammad Hossein Sonestedt, Emily and Song, Yi Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. Sorgjerd, Elin P. Soric, Maroje Jerome, Charles Sossa Soumare, Aicha Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente Sparrenberger, Karen Staessen, Jan A. Starc, Gregor and Stavreski, Bill Steene-Johannessen, Jostein Stehle, Peter and Stein, Aryeh D. Stergiou, George S. Stessman, Jochanan and Stieber, Jutta Stoeckl, Doris Stocks, Tanja Stokwiszewski, Jakub Stronks, Karien Strufaldi, Maria Wany Suka, Machi and Sun, Chien-An Sundstrom, Johan Sung, Yn-Tz Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul Sy, Rody G. Syddall, Holly E. Sylva, Rene Charles and Szklo, Moyses Tai, E. Shyong Tammesoo, Mari-Liis Tamosiunas, Abdonas Tan, Eng Joo Tang, Xun Tanser, Frank Tao, Yong and Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B. Taylor, Anne Taylor, Julie Tebar, William R. Tell, Grethe S. and Tello, Tania Tham, Yih Chung Thankappan, K. R. Theobald, Holger Theodoridis, Xenophon Thijs, Lutgarde Thinggaard, Mikael Thomas, Nihal Thorand, Barbara Thuesen, Betina H. and Timmermans, Erik J. Tjandrarini, Dwi H. Tjonneland, Anne and Toft, Ulla Tolonen, Hanna K. Tolstrup, Janne S. Topbas, Murat Topor-Madry, Roman Jose Tormo, Maria Tornaritis, Michael J. Torrent, Maties Torres-Collado, Laura Touloumi, Giota Traissac, Pierre Triantafyllou, Areti Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Trichopoulou, Antonia Trinh, Oanh T. H. Trivedi, Atul Tshepo, Lechaba Tsugane, Shoichiro Tuliakova, Azaliia M. Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K. Tullu, Fikru Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka Tuomilehto, Jaakko Turley, Maria L. Twig, Gilad and Tynelius, Per Tzourio, Christophe Ueda, Peter Ugel, Eunice Ulmer, Hanno Uusitalo, Hannu M. T. Valdivia, Gonzalo and Valvi, Damaskini van Dam, Rob M. van den Born, Bert-Jan and Van der Heyden, Johan van der Schouw, Yvonne T. Van Herck, Koen and Hoang Van Minh Van Schoor, Natasja M. van Valkengoed, Irene G. M. van Zutphen, Elisabeth M. Vanderschueren, Dirk and Vanuzzo, Diego Varbo, Anette Vasan, Senthil K. Vega, Tomas and Veidebaum, Toomas Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo Veronesi, Giovanni Verschuren, W. M. Monique Verstraeten, Roosmarijn and Victora, Cesar G. Viet, Lucie Villalpando, Salvador Vineis, Paolo Vioque, Jesus Virtanen, Jyrki K. Visvikis-Siest, Sophie Viswanathan, Bharathi Vlasoff, Tiina Vollenweider, Peter Voutilainen, Ari Wade, Alisha N. Walton, Janette and Wambiya, Elvis O. A. Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan Wanderley Junior, Rildo de Souza Wang, Ming-Dong and Wang, Ningli Wang, Qian Wang, Xiangjun Wang, Ya Xing and Wang, Ying-Wei Wannamethee, S. Goya Wareham, Nicholas Wei, Wenbin Weres, Aneta Werner, Bo Whincup, Peter H. and Widhalm, Kurt Widyahening, Indah S. Wiecek, Andrzej Wilks, Rainford J. Willeit, Johann Willeit, Peter Williams, Emmanuel A. Wilsgaard, Tom Wojtyniak, Bogdan Wong-McClure, Roy A. Wong, Andrew Wong, Tien Yin Woo, Jean Woodward, Mark Wu, Frederick C. Wu, Shouling Wyszynska, Justyna and Xu, Haiquan Xu, Liang Yaacob, Nor Azwany Yan, Weili and Yang, Ling Yang, Xiaoguang Yang, Yang Yasuharu, Tabara and Ye, Xingwang Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. Yoosefi, Moein and Yoshihara, Akihiro You, San-Lin Younger-Coleman, Novie O. and Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi Zainuddin, Ahmad A. Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul and Zamani, Farhad Zambon, Sabina Zampelas, Antonis Elisa Zapata, Maria Zaw, Ko Ko Zdrojewski, Tomasz Zejglicova, Kristyna Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic Zeng, Yi Zhang, Luxia and Zhang, Zhen-Yu Zhao, Dong Zhao, Ming-Hui Zhen, Shiqi and Zheng, Yingfeng Zholdin, Bekbolat Zhu, Dan Zins, Marie and Zitt, Emanuel Zocalo, Yanina Zoghlami, Nada Zuniga Cisneros, Julio NCD Risk Factor Collaboration
Abstract: Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier.
Published: 2021

14. Building Collapse in Nigeria during recent years – Causes, effects and way forward

Author: Awoyera, P O, primary, Alfa, J, additional, Odetoyan, A, additional, and Akinwumi, I I, additional
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS IN STARBUCKS MANADO

Author: Rampengan, Salesia T. M., Tumbuan, Alfa J. F. A., and Gunawan, Emilia M.
Abstract: Human needs always change over time, from goods based consumption changes to experiences based consumption. Seeing this movement, many entrepreneurs try to open businesses with the concept of leisure, which is a coffee shop. In Indonesia, the coffee shop continues to increase every year, which means competition is getting tougher. Therefore, the company must continue to develop and innovate to increase customer loyalty for the sustainability of the company. According to some studies, the better the customer experience perceived by the customer will increase customer loyalty. This study aims to examine whether 4 factors of customer experience which are Education, environment, esthetics, and escapism simultaneously and partially affect customer loyalty. The number of respondents is 100 millennials. Data analysis used Multiple Linear Regression by using SPSS software. The result shows that 4Es have a significant effect on Customer Loyalty. But entertainment experience and esthetics experience don't have a significant influence on customer loyalty and the rest have a significant influence. The researcher suggesting several recommendations that are holding a talk show about products or maybe in the context of a coffee shop by presenting a Starbucks Coffee Experience Bar, holding an event or exhibition, or occasionally performing live music.Keywords: marketing, customer experience, customer loyalty, multiple linear regression, millennials, Starbucks
Published: 2020

16. Additional file 1 of Public knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for cardiovascular disease among young and middle-aged adults in rural Tanzania

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., Anaeli, Amani, Mpembeni, Rose N. M., Sunguya, Bruno F., Leyna, Germana, Deodatus Kakoko, Kessy, Anna Tengia, Sando, Mary Mwanyika, Njelekela, Marina, and Urassa, David P.
Subjects: Data_FILES
Abstract: Additional file 1.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension among Young and Middle-Aged Adults: Results from a Community-Based Survey in Rural Tanzania

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., primary, Anaeli, Amani, additional, Mpembeni, Rose N. M., additional, Sunguya, Bruno F., additional, Leyna, Germana, additional, Kakoko, Deodatus, additional, Kessy, Anna Tengia, additional, Mwanyika Sando, Mary, additional, Njelekela, Marina, additional, and Urassa, David P., additional
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Compression and Compaction Behaviour of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Sorghum and Andropogon Stalks

Author: A. Chukwu, O. K. Udeala, and Alfa J
Subjects: Compaction, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Friability, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Microcrystalline cellulose, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Agronomy, Ultimate tensile strength, Particle-size distribution, Particle, Particle size, Cellulose, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Sources and processing techniques could affect performance of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC). This study therefore evaluated the suitability of some agricultural wastes as novel sources of MCC; Sorghum Bicolour and Andropogon gayanus. The physics of compaction of the new grades of cellulose; Sorghum MCC (SOMCC) or Andropogon MCC (AMCC) was compared with Avicel PH101. The SOMCC and AMCC were isolated from mineral acid hydrolysed de-lignified α-cellulose of the plant stalks. Particle size distribution was analysed. The carver hydraulic press was used for compaction study. Heckle plots, tensile strength, reworking potentials (RWP), disintegration and friability profiles were used as basis for assessment. The median particle size was 52.5 or 80 µm for AMCC and SOMCC with interquartile coefficient of skewness (IQCS) of 19.2 and 21.5%.respectively. Particle size fractions of 125-250 µm produced compacts with similar strength profiles. The polymer grades, AMCC, SOMCC and Avicel PH101 at fixed compression pressure of 62.4 N/mm2 exhibited similar tensile strength in the range of 2.7- 2.8 N/mm2. Heckel plot analysis showed similarity in yield pressure of 152.3 N/mm2 or 151.5 N/mm2 for Avicel PH101 and SOMCC with notable higher value in AMCC at 192.1 N/mm2. The degree of packing achieved by the particles at low compression pressure was 1.23, 1.39 and 1.12 for SOMCC, Avicel PH101 or AMCC while the extent of particle rearrangement at initial compression vide the relative densities (DB) was in the order 0.519, 0.539 and 0.454 respectively. The results are heavily suggestive of deformation by plastic flow mechanism for the new polymers. In ranking, the degree of compaction and consolidation of SOMCC ≈ Avicel PH101 > AMCC. The reworking potential was in the order AMCC < SOMCC ≈ Avicel PH101. The indication is that SOMCC and AMCC could find application as excipients in the pharmaceutical and allied industries.
Published: 2017

19. Compression and Compaction Behaviour of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Sorghum and Andropogon Stalks

Author: Alfa, J, primary, Chukwu, A, additional, and Udeala, O, additional
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Pemberdayaan Desa Melalui Program Pengembangan Perpustakaan Desa, Pendidikan Desa, dan Sosialisasi Pendidikan Tinggi

Author: Alfa Julia, Novadilah Amilatus Solikha, Lula Salsabila, Ifah Amilatul Kharisma, and Annisa Aulia
Subjects: perpustakaan, pendidikan, perguruan tinggi, Science
Abstract: Pandemi Covid-19 telah menyita banyak kegiatan di dunia ini, seperti terhentinya proses pembelajaran secara tatap muka kemudian sesuai Surat Edaran Mendikbud Nomor 4 Tahun 2021 mengharuskan semua sekolah untuk belajar dalam jaringan. Banyak pelajar yang kesusahan dalam menerima materi yang diakukan melalui daring oleh guru mereka masing-masing dan orang tua kurang mendukung adanya kegiatan pembelajaran dari rumah. Dalam KKN-DR mahasiswa Universitas PGRI Wiranegara memberikan solusi berupa: melakukan pengembangan perpustakaan dengan membersihkan dan menata ulang ruangan perpustakaan, memberikan bimbingan belajar kepada pelajar di kelurahan Sekargadung, dan memberikan informasi terkait perguruan tinggi yang hanya membutuhkan biaya terjangkau agar mereka dapat meneruskan pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. PT248 Left Ventricular Mass Estimation by Different Partition Values in a Large Population of Black Hypertensive Subjects

Author: Ojji, D., primary, Libhaber, E., additional, Alfa, J., additional, Ngabea, M., additional, Abdullahi, B., additional, Ada, N., additional, and Sliwa, K., additional
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Factors Influencing Access to Medicines in Nigeria: Views and Experiences of Residents of the Federal Capital Territory

Author: Umoru, A, primary, Alfa, J, additional, and Adigwe, OP, additional
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. EFFECT OF HEALTH SECTOR FUNDING ON IMMUNIZATION SERVICES: FINDINGS FROM NIGERIA’S FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY

Author: Alfa, J., primary, Adigwe, O.P., additional, and Umoru, A., additional
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Overweight, obesity and perceptions about body weight among primary schoolchildren in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Author: MPEMBENI, ROSE N. M., MUHIHI, ALFA J., MAGHEMBE, MWANAMKUU, NGARASHI, DAVIS, LUJANI, BENJAMIN, CHILLO, OMARY, KUBHOJA, SULENDE, ANAELI, AMANI, NJELEKELA, MARINA A., MPEMBENI, ROSE N. M., MUHIHI, ALFA J., MAGHEMBE, MWANAMKUU, NGARASHI, DAVIS, LUJANI, BENJAMIN, CHILLO, OMARY, KUBHOJA, SULENDE, ANAELI, AMANI, and NJELEKELA, MARINA A.
Abstract: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has become a public health concern both in developing and developed countries. Previous research studies have shown that favourable perception of one’s body weight is an important factor in weight control. This study determined prevalence of overweight and obesity and assessed perception about body weight among primary schoolchildren in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. In this cross sectional study, nine schools were selected randomly from a list of all primary schools in Dar es Salaam. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle information including perception about body weight. Height and weight were measured following standard procedures. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regressions were used to determine factors which influence perceptions about body weight. A total of 446 children were included into the study. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 16.6±4.0kg/m2 (16.1±4.0 for males and 17.0±4.0 for females). Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 9.8% and 5.2%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly higher among girls, 13.1% and 6.3% compared to boys with 6.3% and 3.8% overweight and obese respectively (P=0.0314). Overall, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.0% (10.1% among boys and 19.4% among girls). One-third (33.3%) of the children perceived their body weight as overweight or obese. Among overweight and obese children, 35.4% had unfavourable perception of their body weights. There was a statistically significant difference between perceived body weight and actual body weight as indicated by BMI for both boys and girls (P<0.05). Age of the child (AOR=O.55 95%CI 0.36-0.85) and area of residence (COR=0.64 95% CI 0.44-0.95) were found to be significant predictors of favourable perception of one’s body weight. In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is not very high in this pop
Published: 2015

25. Analytischer Nachweis der nachträglichen Aufsüßung eines ausgegorenen Weines mit entkeimtem oder stumm gemachtem Most

Author: Alfa, J.
Published: 1933
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Wein

Author: Fabre, J. H., Brémond, E., Semichon, L., Manceau, E., Roos, L., Marcelet, H., Bespaloff, Sch, Mummendy, R., Malvezin, Ph., Essner, J. Ch., Moreau, L., Vinet, E., Cohn, M. S. R., Richarz, J., Herzberg, Reinbeck, M., Werder, J., Eiduschka, A., Schrempf, A., Fiesselmann, G., Reif, G., Bleyer, B., Diemair, W., Lix, G., Jahn, R., Heide, C. v. d., Schindler, J., Koazk, I., Klostermann, M., Fachmann, W., Litterscheid, F. M., Röttgen, Th., Heiduschka, A., Pyriki, C., Kloss, J., Müller, K., Vogt, E., Raesch, O., Kober, H., Petri, W., Wirthle, F., Benz, G., Rüdiger, M., Alfa, J., Schätzlein, Ch., Wüstenfeld, H., Luckow, E., Walter, E., Seifert, W., Schulte, W., Gardiner, Brauer, K., Seyda, A., Plahl, W., Ofner, R., Wilhelm, C., alberer, O. E., Widmer, A., Dietzel, R., Taufel, K., Zách, C., Miermeister, A., Battay, F., Großfeld, J., Ferré, L., Crisci, P., Astruc, H., Aubour, P., Semichen, L., Flanzy, M., Martin, M., Jeanprêtre, J., Volmar, Y., Clavera, J. M., Benvegnin, L., Capt, E., Hugues, E., Baragiola, W. J., Godet, Ch., Michel, A., von Fellenberg, Th., Fischer, R., Stauder, Fr., Fonces-Diacon, Laforce, Bertin, Ch., Ventre, J., Bouffard, E., Dubaquié, J., Debordes, G., Lamazou-Betbeder, M., Ribéreau-Gayon, J., and Marcille, R.
Published: 1932
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Wein

Author: Dubaquié, Chelle, Vitte, Colombier, L., Clair, E., Wilson, John B., Kniphorst, L. C. E., Kruisheer, C. I., von der Heide, C., Zeisset, W., Alfa, J., Malvezin, Ph., Fatome, M., Morris, Mark M., Jaulmes, P., Shoemaker, J. S., Bremond, E., Bischoff, Elisabeth, Genevois, L., Ribéreau-Gayon, J., Martin, R., Castaing, Chelle, Dubaquié, Turbet, Ferré, L., Michel, A., Bässler, K., Trauth, Fr., Vogt, Ernst, Warcollier, C., Le Moal, A., Noetzel, O., Roßmann, Br., Valaer, P., Frazier, W. H., and Earl Ray, Fr.
Published: 1941
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Wein

Author: Filaudeau, G., Semichon Herzberg, L., Semichon, L., Flanzy, M., von Fellenberg, Th., Bartels, W., Fourcy, J., Bredig, G., Siebenmann, K., Lobstein, E., Ancel, M., Astruc, H., Castel, A., Ribéreau-Gayon, J., Dubaquié, J., Ferré, L., Michel, A., Hanak, A., Milbauer, J., Berg, P., Schmechel, S., Mezger, O., Schrempf, A., von der Heide, C., Hennig, K., Boßeflmann, H., Koch, A., Mändlen, H., Bertin, Ch., Warcollier, G., Le Moal, A., Gerum, J., Buxbaum, W., Bleyer, B., Diemair, W., Lix, G., Zäch, Cl., Alfa, J., Mastbaum, H., Khouri, J., and Seiler, F.
Published: 1934
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Kartoffeln 1922-er Ernte mit außerordentlich hohem Solaningehalt

Author: Alfa, J. and Heyl, E.
Published: 1923
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Obesity, Overweight, and Perceptions about BodyWeight among Middle-Aged Adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., Njelekela, Marina A., Mpembeni, Rose, Mwiru, Ramadhani S., Mligiliche, Nuru, and Mtabaji, Jacob
Subjects: Obesity
Abstract: Prevalence of obesity is increasing throughout the world at an alarming rate. Appropriate perception of one’s own body weight is important for improved weight control behavior. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and assess perception of body weight among middle aged adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and lifestyle information including perception about body weight. Anthropometric measurements were taken by a trained person following standard procedures. Prevalence of obesity was 13% and 36% among men and women, respectively. There was significant gender difference in perception of body weight (12% and 25% of men and women perceived their body weight as overweight). Only 2% of women perceived themselves as obese whereas none of the men did so. Among overweight men, only 22% perceived themselves as overweight/obese compared to 38% of overweight women who perceived themselves as overweight/obese. Overall, majority of the participants (87%) were willing to lose weight. There is a great difference between perceived and actual body weight with men underestimating their body weight more than women. Educational programs regarding overweight and obesity and the associated health consequences are highly recommended in Tanzania.
Published: 2012

31. Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Black Hypertensive Subjects

Author: Ojji, D., primary, Atherton, J., additional, Sliwa, K., additional, Alfa, J., additional, Ngabea, M., additional, and Opie, L., additional
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Overweight, obesity and perceptions about body weight among primary schoolchildren in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Author: Mpembeni, Rose N.M., primary, Muhihi, Alfa J., additional, Maghembe, Mwanamkuu J., additional, Ngarashi, Davis, additional, Lujani, Benjamin, additional, Chillo, Omary, additional, Khuboja, Sulende, additional, Anaeli, Amani, additional, and Njelekela, Marina A., additional
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. PHP76 - EFFECT OF HEALTH SECTOR FUNDING ON IMMUNIZATION SERVICES: FINDINGS FROM NIGERIA’S FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY

Author: Alfa, J., Adigwe, O.P., and Umoru, A.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. PHS145 - Factors Influencing Access to Medicines in Nigeria: Views and Experiences of Residents of the Federal Capital Territory

Author: Umoru, A, Alfa, J, and Adigwe, OP
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Prevalence and determinants of obesity among primary school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J, primary, Mpembeni, Rose N M, additional, Njelekela, Marina A, additional, Anaeli, Amani, additional, Chillo, Omary, additional, Kubhoja, Sulende, additional, Lujani, Benjamin, additional, Maghembe, Mwanamkuu, additional, and Ngarashi, Davis, additional
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Obesity, Overweight, and Perceptions about Body Weight among Middle-Aged Adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., primary, Njelekela, Marina A., additional, Mpembeni, Rose, additional, Mwiru, Ramadhani S., additional, Mligiliche, Nuru, additional, and Mtabaji, Jacob, additional
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Perceptions, Facilitators, and Barriers to Consumption of Whole Grain Staple Foods among Overweight and Obese Tanzanian Adults: A Focus Group Study

Author: Muhihi, Alfa J., primary, Shemaghembe, Emanuel, additional, Njelekela, Marina A., additional, Gimbi, Dorothy, additional, Mwambene, Kissah, additional, Malik, Vasanti S., additional, Wedick, Nicole M., additional, Spiegelman, Donna, additional, Hu, Frank B., additional, and Willett, Walter C., additional
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Acute myoclonus following spinal anaesthesia

Author: Alfa, J. A., primary and Bamgbade, O. A., additional
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Direct compression properties of microcrystalline cellulose and its silicified product

Author: Jaiyeoba, KT, primary, Alfa, J, additional, and Odeniyi, MA, additional
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME AFTER ROTATIONAL VASCULARIZED FIBULAR GRAFT FOR GCT RIGHT PROXIMAL TIBIA

Author: Alfa Januar, Henry Yurianto, and M.Ruksal Saleh
Subjects: GCT proximal tibia, Rotational vascularized fibular graft, Medicine
Abstract: Giant cell tumors (GCT) are locally aggressive tumors with a high rate of recurrence. We here present our experience with wide resection and vascularized autogenous fibula grafting for GCT of proximal tibia.
Published: 2018

41. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author: Zhou, Bin, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Danaei, Goodarz, Riley, Leanne M, Paciorek, Christopher J, Stevens, Gretchen A, Gregg, Edward W, Bennett, James E, Solomon, Bethlehem, Singleton, Rosie K, Sophiea, Marisa K, Iurilli, Maria LC, Lhoste, Victor PF, Cowan, Melanie J, Savin, Stefan, Woodward, Mark, Balanova, Yulia, Cifkova, Renata, Damasceno, Albertino, Elliott, Paul, Farzadfar, Farshad, He, Jiang, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Margozzini Maira, Paula, Miranda, J Jaime, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Sundström, Johan, Varghese, Cherian, Widyahening, Indah S, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmadizar, Fariba, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Ansong, Daniel, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Auvinen, Juha, Avdićová, Mária, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V, Bahijri, Suhad, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Banadinović, Maja, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barceló, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barreto, Marta, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Bartosiewicz, Anna, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D, Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benet, Mikhail, Benson, Lowell S, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloísa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bia, Daniel, Biasch, Katia, Bika Lele, Elysée Claude, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G, Boissonnet, Carlos P, Bojesen, Stig E, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Bovet, Pascal, Boyer, Christopher B, Braeckman, Lutgart, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Briceño, Yajaira, Brito, Miguel, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Bueno, Gloria, Bugge, Anna, Burns, Con, Bursztyn, Michael, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cameron, Christine, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Capanzana, Mario V, Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Carvalho, Joana, Casanueva, Felipe F, Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Cherkaoui Dekkaki, Imane, Chetrit, Angela, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L, Crampin, Amelia C, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cruz, Juan J, Csilla, Semánová, Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe V, Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, David, De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D, DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, Delisle, Hélène, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F, Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Dickerson, Ty T, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha TP, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P, Döring, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dörr, Marcus, Doua, Kouamelan, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Duante, Charmaine A, Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B, Dulskiene, Virginija, Dushpanova, Anar, Džakula, Aleksandar, Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elosua, Roberto, Erasmus, Rajiv T, Erbel, Raimund, Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fakhretdinova, Albina A, Fall, Caroline H, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Felix, Stephan B, Ferguson, Trevor S, Fernandes, Romulo A, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferreira, Haroldo S, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fink, Günther, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M, Francis, Damian K, Franco, Maria do Carmo, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D, Fuchs, Sandra C, Fujita, Yuki, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furer, Ariel, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galenkamp, Henrike, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Gao, Pei, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia, Pablo, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Geleijnse, Johanna M, George, Ronnie, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Ghimire, Anup, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gieger, Christian, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Goldberg, Marcel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A, Gomez, Luis F, Gomula, Aleksandra, Gonçalves, Helen, Gonçalves, Mauer, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna, Gonzalez-Chica, David A, Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, González-Rivas, Juan P, González-Villalpando, Clicerio, González-Villalpando, María-Elena, Gonzalez, Angel R, Gorbea, Mariano Bonet, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guan, Ong Peng, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L, Gulliford, Martin C, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc J, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Ha, Seongjun, Hadaegh, Farzad, Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjær, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R, Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu AM, Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Menêses, Hari Kumar, Rachakulla, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Yuna, Heier, Margit, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herqutanto, Herrala, Sauli, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G, Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C, Hobbs, Michael, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Horasan Dinc, Gonul, Horimoto, Andrea RVR, Hormiga, Claudia M, Horta, Bernardo L, Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, José María, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif S, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ibrahim, Mohsen M, Ibrahim Wong, Norazizah, Ikram, M Arfan, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E, Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C, Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jackson, Rod T, Jacobs, Jeremy M, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelaković, Ana, Jelaković, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jørgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jóżwiak, Jacek, Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Jureša, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O, Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalpourtzi, Natasa, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kampmann, Freja B, Kannan, Srinivasan, Karaglani, Eva, Kårhus, Line L, Karki, Khem B, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M, Keil, Ulrich, Keinan Boker, Lital, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kemper, Han CG, Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Jeongseon, Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Kontto, Jukka P, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kriaucioniene, Vilma, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steiner, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R Krishna, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S, Kutsenko, Vladimir, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Lam, Tai Hing, Landrove, Orlando, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle, Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh, Le, Tuyen D, Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehmann, Nils, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M Fernanda, Lin, Xu, Lin, Yi-Ting, Lind, Lars, Lingam, Vijaya, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Lo, Wei-Cheng, Loit, Helle-Mai, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lopez, Tania, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, José Eugenio, Lukačević Lovrenčić, Iva, Lukrafka, Janice L, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lustigová, Michala, Luszczki, Edyta, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Machado-Coelho, George LL, Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M, Macia, Enguerran, Macieira, Luisa M, Madar, Ahmed A, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Majer, Marjeta, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rahul, Mallikharjuna Rao, Kodavanti, Malyutina, Sofia K, Maniego, Lynell V, Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manzato, Enzo, Marcil, Anie, Mårild, Staffan B, Marinović Glavić, Mihalea, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martorell, Reynaldo, Mascarenhas, Luis P, Matasin, Marija, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, Mathur, Prashant, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matlosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E, Mavrogianni, Christina, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J, McFarlane, Shelly R, McGarvey, Stephen T, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, McNulty, Breige A, Mediene Benchekor, Sounnia, Medzioniene, Jurate, Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Mendoza Montano, Carlos, Menezes, Ana Maria B, Menon, Geetha R, Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I, Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Haakon E, Mi, Jie, Michels, Nathalie, Mikkel, Kairit, Milkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C, Minderico, Cláudia S, Mini, GK, Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta, Modesti, Pietro A, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed, Mostafa K, Mohamed, Shukri F, Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohanna, Salim, Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli, Mohebbi, Iraj, Mohebi, Farnam, Moitry, Marie, Møllehave, Line T, Molnár, Dénes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K, Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K, Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moreira, Leila B, Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A, Morgan, Karen, Moschonis, George, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Mota, Jorge, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André, Mridha, Malay K, Msyamboza, Kelias P, Mu, Thet Thet, Muhihi, Alfa J, Muiesan, Maria L, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Murphy, Neil, Mursu, Jaakko, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Musić Milanović, Sanja, Musil, Vera, Mustafa, Norlaila, Nabipour, Iraj, Naderimagham, Shohreh, Nagel, Gabriele, Naidu, Balkish M, Najafi, Farid, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nang, Ei Ei K, Nangia, Vinay B, Narake, Sameer, Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba, Neal, William A, Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nenko, Ilona, Neovius, Martin, Nguyen, Chung T, Nguyen, Nguyen D, Nguyen, Quang V, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E, Niiranen, Teemu J, Nikitin, Yury P, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishtar, Sania, Njelekela, Marina A, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A, Noorbala, Ahmad Ali, Norat, Teresa, Nordendahl, Maria, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Nsour, Mohannad Al, Nunes, Baltazar, O'Neill, Terence W, O'Reilly, Dermot, Ochimana, Caleb, Oda, Eiji, Odili, Augustine N, Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olié, Valérie, Olinto, Maria Teresa A, Oliveira, Isabel O, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Ono, Lariane M, Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Pedro J, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M, Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A, Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Padez, Cristina, Pahomova, Elena, Paiva, Karina Mary de, Pająk, Andrzej, Palli, Domenico, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papandreou, Dimitrios, Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D, Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pećin, Ivan, Pednekar, Mangesh S, Pedro, João M, Peer, Nasheeta, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C, Peres, Karen GDA, Peres, Marco A, Peters, Annette, Petkeviciene, Janina, Peykari, Niloofar, Pham, Son Thai, Pichardo, Rafael N, Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia n, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Polašek, Ozren, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J, Price, Jacqueline F, Providencia, Rui, Puhakka, Soile E, Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qasrawi, Radwan F, Qorbani, Mostafa, Queiroz, Daniel, Quoc Bao, Tran, Radić, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rakhimova, Ellina M, Ramachandra Rao, Sudha, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramos, Elisabete, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rangel Reina, Daniel A, Rarra, Vayia, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M, Regecová, Valéria, Revilla, Luis, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Richter, Adrian, Rigo, Fernando, Rinke de Wit, Tobias F, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M, Robitaille, Cynthia, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, María del Cristo, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A, Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Romaguera, Dora, Romeo, Elisabetta L, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel GR, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Rusakova, Iuliia A, Russo, Paola, Rutkowski, Marcin, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Saidi, Olfa, Sakarya, Sibel, Saki, Nader, Salanave, Benoit, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sans, Susana, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Lèlita C, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Rute, Saramies, Jouko L, Sardinha, Luis B, Sarganas, Giselle, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savva, Savvas, Sawada, Norie, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schargrodsky, Herman, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schnohr, Peter, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schultsz, Constance, Schutte, Aletta E, Sebert, Sylvain, Sein, Aye Aye, Sen, Abhijit, Senbanjo, Idowu O, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servais, Jennifer, Shalnova, Svetlana A, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Morteza, Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shi, Zumin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shin, Dong Wook, Shirani, Majid, Shiri, Rahman, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Siani, Alfonso, Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M, Silva, Caroline Ramos de Moura, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobngwi, Eugène, Söderberg, Stefan, Soemantri, Agustinus, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Sorić, Maroje, Sossa Jérome, Charles, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Staessen, Jan A, Starc, Gregor, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stocks, Tanja, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Suka, Machi, Sun, Chien-An, Sung, Yn-Tz, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Sy, Rody G, Syddall, Holly E, Sylva, René Charles, Szklo, Moyses, Tai, E Shyong, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, KR, Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thijs, Lutgarde, Thinggaard, Mikael, Thomas, Nihal, Thorand, Barbara, Thuesen, Betina H, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjandrarini, Dwi H, Tjonneland, Anne, Toft, Ulla, Tolonen, Hanna K, Tolstrup, Janne S, Topbas, Murat, Topór-Madry, Roman, Tormo, María José, Tornaritis, Michael J, Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh TH, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L, Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ulmer, Hanno, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Herck, Koen, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, van Zutphen, Elisabeth M, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Vasan, Senthil K, Vega, Tomas, Veidebaum, Toomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Victora, Cesar G, Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vineis, Paolo, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Ari, Wade, Alisha N, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis OA, Wan Bebakar, Wan Mohamad, Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon, Wanderley Júnior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H, Widhalm, Kurt, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Emmanuel A, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Wyszynska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tajana, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio, Ezzati, Majid, Zhou, Bin, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Danaei, Goodarz, Riley, Leanne M, Paciorek, Christopher J, Stevens, Gretchen A, Gregg, Edward W, Bennett, James E, Solomon, Bethlehem, Singleton, Rosie K, Sophiea, Marisa K, Iurilli, Maria LC, Lhoste, Victor PF, Cowan, Melanie J, Savin, Stefan, Woodward, Mark, Balanova, Yulia, Cifkova, Renata, Damasceno, Albertino, Elliott, Paul, Farzadfar, Farshad, He, Jiang, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Margozzini Maira, Paula, Miranda, J Jaime, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Sundström, Johan, Varghese, Cherian, Widyahening, Indah S, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmadizar, Fariba, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Ansong, Daniel, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Auvinen, Juha, Avdićová, Mária, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V, Bahijri, Suhad, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Banadinović, Maja, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barceló, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barreto, Marta, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Bartosiewicz, Anna, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D, Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benet, Mikhail, Benson, Lowell S, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloísa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bia, Daniel, Biasch, Katia, Bika Lele, Elysée Claude, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G, Boissonnet, Carlos P, Bojesen, Stig E, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Bovet, Pascal, Boyer, Christopher B, Braeckman, Lutgart, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Briceño, Yajaira, Brito, Miguel, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Bueno, Gloria, Bugge, Anna, Burns, Con, Bursztyn, Michael, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cameron, Christine, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Capanzana, Mario V, Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Carvalho, Joana, Casanueva, Felipe F, Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Cherkaoui Dekkaki, Imane, Chetrit, Angela, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L, Crampin, Amelia C, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cruz, Juan J, Csilla, Semánová, Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe V, Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, David, De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D, DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, Delisle, Hélène, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F, Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Dickerson, Ty T, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha TP, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P, Döring, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dörr, Marcus, Doua, Kouamelan, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Duante, Charmaine A, Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B, Dulskiene, Virginija, Dushpanova, Anar, Džakula, Aleksandar, Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elosua, Roberto, Erasmus, Rajiv T, Erbel, Raimund, Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fakhretdinova, Albina A, Fall, Caroline H, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Felix, Stephan B, Ferguson, Trevor S, Fernandes, Romulo A, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferreira, Haroldo S, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fink, Günther, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M, Francis, Damian K, Franco, Maria do Carmo, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D, Fuchs, Sandra C, Fujita, Yuki, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furer, Ariel, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galenkamp, Henrike, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Gao, Pei, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia, Pablo, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Geleijnse, Johanna M, George, Ronnie, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Ghimire, Anup, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gieger, Christian, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Goldberg, Marcel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A, Gomez, Luis F, Gomula, Aleksandra, Gonçalves, Helen, Gonçalves, Mauer, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna, Gonzalez-Chica, David A, Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, González-Rivas, Juan P, González-Villalpando, Clicerio, González-Villalpando, María-Elena, Gonzalez, Angel R, Gorbea, Mariano Bonet, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guan, Ong Peng, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L, Gulliford, Martin C, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc J, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Ha, Seongjun, Hadaegh, Farzad, Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjær, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R, Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu AM, Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Menêses, Hari Kumar, Rachakulla, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Yuna, Heier, Margit, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herqutanto, Herrala, Sauli, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G, Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C, Hobbs, Michael, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Horasan Dinc, Gonul, Horimoto, Andrea RVR, Hormiga, Claudia M, Horta, Bernardo L, Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, José María, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif S, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ibrahim, Mohsen M, Ibrahim Wong, Norazizah, Ikram, M Arfan, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E, Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C, Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jackson, Rod T, Jacobs, Jeremy M, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelaković, Ana, Jelaković, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jørgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jóżwiak, Jacek, Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Jureša, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O, Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalpourtzi, Natasa, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kampmann, Freja B, Kannan, Srinivasan, Karaglani, Eva, Kårhus, Line L, Karki, Khem B, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M, Keil, Ulrich, Keinan Boker, Lital, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kemper, Han CG, Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Jeongseon, Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Kontto, Jukka P, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kriaucioniene, Vilma, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steiner, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R Krishna, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S, Kutsenko, Vladimir, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Lam, Tai Hing, Landrove, Orlando, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle, Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh, Le, Tuyen D, Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehmann, Nils, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M Fernanda, Lin, Xu, Lin, Yi-Ting, Lind, Lars, Lingam, Vijaya, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Lo, Wei-Cheng, Loit, Helle-Mai, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lopez, Tania, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, José Eugenio, Lukačević Lovrenčić, Iva, Lukrafka, Janice L, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lustigová, Michala, Luszczki, Edyta, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Machado-Coelho, George LL, Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M, Macia, Enguerran, Macieira, Luisa M, Madar, Ahmed A, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Majer, Marjeta, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rahul, Mallikharjuna Rao, Kodavanti, Malyutina, Sofia K, Maniego, Lynell V, Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manzato, Enzo, Marcil, Anie, Mårild, Staffan B, Marinović Glavić, Mihalea, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martorell, Reynaldo, Mascarenhas, Luis P, Matasin, Marija, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, Mathur, Prashant, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matlosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E, Mavrogianni, Christina, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J, McFarlane, Shelly R, McGarvey, Stephen T, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, McNulty, Breige A, Mediene Benchekor, Sounnia, Medzioniene, Jurate, Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Mendoza Montano, Carlos, Menezes, Ana Maria B, Menon, Geetha R, Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I, Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Haakon E, Mi, Jie, Michels, Nathalie, Mikkel, Kairit, Milkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C, Minderico, Cláudia S, Mini, GK, Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta, Modesti, Pietro A, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed, Mostafa K, Mohamed, Shukri F, Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohanna, Salim, Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli, Mohebbi, Iraj, Mohebi, Farnam, Moitry, Marie, Møllehave, Line T, Molnár, Dénes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K, Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K, Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moreira, Leila B, Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A, Morgan, Karen, Moschonis, George, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Mota, Jorge, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André, Mridha, Malay K, Msyamboza, Kelias P, Mu, Thet Thet, Muhihi, Alfa J, Muiesan, Maria L, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Murphy, Neil, Mursu, Jaakko, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Musić Milanović, Sanja, Musil, Vera, Mustafa, Norlaila, Nabipour, Iraj, Naderimagham, Shohreh, Nagel, Gabriele, Naidu, Balkish M, Najafi, Farid, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nang, Ei Ei K, Nangia, Vinay B, Narake, Sameer, Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba, Neal, William A, Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nenko, Ilona, Neovius, Martin, Nguyen, Chung T, Nguyen, Nguyen D, Nguyen, Quang V, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E, Niiranen, Teemu J, Nikitin, Yury P, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishtar, Sania, Njelekela, Marina A, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A, Noorbala, Ahmad Ali, Norat, Teresa, Nordendahl, Maria, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Nsour, Mohannad Al, Nunes, Baltazar, O'Neill, Terence W, O'Reilly, Dermot, Ochimana, Caleb, Oda, Eiji, Odili, Augustine N, Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olié, Valérie, Olinto, Maria Teresa A, Oliveira, Isabel O, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Ono, Lariane M, Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Pedro J, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M, Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A, Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Padez, Cristina, Pahomova, Elena, Paiva, Karina Mary de, Pająk, Andrzej, Palli, Domenico, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papandreou, Dimitrios, Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D, Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pećin, Ivan, Pednekar, Mangesh S, Pedro, João M, Peer, Nasheeta, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C, Peres, Karen GDA, Peres, Marco A, Peters, Annette, Petkeviciene, Janina, Peykari, Niloofar, Pham, Son Thai, Pichardo, Rafael N, Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia n, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Polašek, Ozren, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J, Price, Jacqueline F, Providencia, Rui, Puhakka, Soile E, Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qasrawi, Radwan F, Qorbani, Mostafa, Queiroz, Daniel, Quoc Bao, Tran, Radić, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rakhimova, Ellina M, Ramachandra Rao, Sudha, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramos, Elisabete, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rangel Reina, Daniel A, Rarra, Vayia, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M, Regecová, Valéria, Revilla, Luis, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Richter, Adrian, Rigo, Fernando, Rinke de Wit, Tobias F, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M, Robitaille, Cynthia, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, María del Cristo, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A, Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Romaguera, Dora, Romeo, Elisabetta L, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel GR, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Rusakova, Iuliia A, Russo, Paola, Rutkowski, Marcin, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Saidi, Olfa, Sakarya, Sibel, Saki, Nader, Salanave, Benoit, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sans, Susana, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Lèlita C, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Rute, Saramies, Jouko L, Sardinha, Luis B, Sarganas, Giselle, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savva, Savvas, Sawada, Norie, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schargrodsky, Herman, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schnohr, Peter, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schultsz, Constance, Schutte, Aletta E, Sebert, Sylvain, Sein, Aye Aye, Sen, Abhijit, Senbanjo, Idowu O, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servais, Jennifer, Shalnova, Svetlana A, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Morteza, Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shi, Zumin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shin, Dong Wook, Shirani, Majid, Shiri, Rahman, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Siani, Alfonso, Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M, Silva, Caroline Ramos de Moura, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobngwi, Eugène, Söderberg, Stefan, Soemantri, Agustinus, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Sorić, Maroje, Sossa Jérome, Charles, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Staessen, Jan A, Starc, Gregor, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stocks, Tanja, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Suka, Machi, Sun, Chien-An, Sung, Yn-Tz, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Sy, Rody G, Syddall, Holly E, Sylva, René Charles, Szklo, Moyses, Tai, E Shyong, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, KR, Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thijs, Lutgarde, Thinggaard, Mikael, Thomas, Nihal, Thorand, Barbara, Thuesen, Betina H, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjandrarini, Dwi H, Tjonneland, Anne, Toft, Ulla, Tolonen, Hanna K, Tolstrup, Janne S, Topbas, Murat, Topór-Madry, Roman, Tormo, María José, Tornaritis, Michael J, Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh TH, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L, Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ulmer, Hanno, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Herck, Koen, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, van Zutphen, Elisabeth M, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Vasan, Senthil K, Vega, Tomas, Veidebaum, Toomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Victora, Cesar G, Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vineis, Paolo, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Ari, Wade, Alisha N, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis OA, Wan Bebakar, Wan Mohamad, Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon, Wanderley Júnior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H, Widhalm, Kurt, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Emmanuel A, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Wyszynska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tajana, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio, and Ezzati, Majid
Abstract: Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Über fluorierte Phosphate, Sulfate, Selenate, Tellurate und Dithionate

Author: Weinland, R. F., primary and Alfa, J., additional
Published: 1899
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Ueber ein Fluorsulfat und ein Fluorphosphat des Kaliums bezw. Rubidiums

Author: Weinland, R. F., primary and Alfa, J., additional
Published: 1898
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Central neuraxial anaesthesia presenting with spinal myoclonus in the perioperative period: a case series

Author: Bamgbade Olumuyiwa A, Alfa John A, Khalaf Wael M, and Zuokumor Andrew P
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Introduction Perioperative spinal myoclonus is extremely rare. Many anaesthetists and perioperative practitioners may not diagnose or manage this complication appropriately when it occurs. This case report of unusual acute spinal myoclonus following regional anaesthesia highlights certain aspects of this rare complication that have not previously been published. Case presentations A series of four consecutive patients who developed acute lower-limb myoclonus following spinal or epidural anaesthesia are described. The case series occurred at three different hospitals and involved four anaesthetists over a 3-year period. Two Caucasian men, aged 90-years-old and 67-years-old, manifested unilateral myoclonus. Two Caucasian women, aged 64-years-old and 53-years-old, developed bilateral myoclonus. Myoclonus was self-limiting in one patient, treated with further regional anaesthesia in one patient and treated with intravenous midazolam in two patients. The overall outcome was good in all patients, with no recurrence or sequelae in any of the patients. Conclusion This case series emphasizes that spinal myoclonus following regional anaesthesia is rare, has diverse pathophysiology and can have diverse presentations. The treatment of perioperative spinal myoclonus should be directed at the aetiology. Anaesthetists and perioperative practitioners who are unfamiliar with this rare complication should be reassured that it may be treated successfully with midazolam.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Mobile operating theatre in a district general hospital.

Author: Watts, J C, Ni, K M, and Alfa, J
Published: 2002

46. Development and Evaluation of PEG-gelatin-based Microparticles to Enhance the Oral Delivery of Insulin.

Author: Alfa J, Ben A, Buxaderas E, Akpa P, Hanifah A, Oseni OM, Kenechukwu FC, Mumuni MA, and Diaz DD
Subjects: Animals, Administration, Oral, Rats, Drug Delivery Systems, Male, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy, Rats, Wistar, Blood Glucose drug effects, Blood Glucose metabolism, Drug Carriers chemistry, Gelatin chemistry, Polyethylene Glycols chemistry, Insulin administration & dosage, Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage, Hypoglycemic Agents chemistry, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Particle Size
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global disease identified by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both., Objective: The main objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of gelatinized Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microparticles to be used as carriers for oral insulin delivery via double emulsion preparation., Methods: Five different batches of the formulation consisting of gelatin:PEG were prepared as follows: 0:1 (W1), 1:0 (W2), 1:1 (W3), 1:3 (W4), and 3:1 (W5). The prepared microparticles (from insulin-loaded batches) had particle sizes ranging from 19.5 ± 0.32-23.9 ± 0.22 μm and encapsulation and loading capacities ranging from 78.8 ± 0.24-88.9 ± 0.95 and 22.2 ± 0.96-29.7 ± 0.86%, respectively. The minimum and maximum in vitro release rates were 8.0 and 66.0%, respectively, for batches W1 and W2 at 8 h., Results: Insulin-loaded MPs induced a significant decrease in glucose levels, with a reduction from 100 to 33.35% in batch W5 at 9 h compared to that of subcutaneous insulin (100 to 22.63%). A liver function study showed that the formulation caused no obvious toxicity to the experimental rats., Conclusion: Gelatinized PEG-based microparticles as insulin delivery systems may open a new window into the development of oral insulin for diabetic treatment., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Prevalence and risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis amongst adults living with HIV in University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada.

Author: Adedokun TA, Kwaghe VG, Adedokun O, Badru T, Odili AN, Alfa J, Kolade-Yunusa HO, and Ojji DB
Abstract: Background: Subclinical atherosclerosis characterizes cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are identified risk factors for atherosclerosis. Meanwhile, data on HIV and atherosclerosis in Nigeria are limited., Objectives: We sought to estimate the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis and associated risk factors amongst adult persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) enrolled at University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja (UATH)., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 277 consecutively selected PLHIV ≥18 years enrolled for HIV care and treatment at UATH. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data from consenting ART-experienced and ART-naïve patients on risk factors of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) ≥0.71 mm as measured by Doppler ultrasonography was used to identify patients with sub-clinical atherosclerosis. Two logistic regression models with (Model-A) and without (Model-B) traditional risk factors were fitted to identify risk factors of subclinical atherosclerosis., Results: Participants' mean age was 39.44 ± 10.71 years with female preponderance (64.26%). Overall prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis was 43.32% (62.25% in ART-experienced). Model-A identified male sex [AOR 4.33(1.74-10.76), p = 0.002], advancing age [30-39 years AOR 5.95(1.31-26.96), p = 0.021]; ≥40 years AOR 19.51(4.30-88.56), p ≤ 0.001), advancing HIV infection [≥WHO stage II AOR 4.19(1.11-15.92), p = 0.035], hypercholesterolemia [AOR 3.88(1.47-10.25), p ≤ 0.001] and ≥5 year duration on ART [AOR 9.05(3.16-25.92), p ≤ 0.001] as risk factors of subclinical atherosclerosis. In Model-B (excluding traditional risk factors) on the other hand, advancing HIV infection [≥WHO stage II AOR 3.93(1.19-13.042), p = 0.025] and duration on ART [≥5 years AOR 11.43(4.62-28.29), p = 0.001] were found as risk factors of subclinical atherosclerosis., Conclusion: Subclinical atherosclerosis was higher in ART-experienced patients, and this was irrespective of presence or absence of traditional risk factors. And advancing HIV disease and duration on ART were found as significant risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis. We therefore recommend routine CVD risk screening in PLHIV., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2023 Adedokun, Kwaghe, Adedokun, Badru, Odili, Alfa, Kolade-Yunusa and Ojji.)
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Left ventricular mass estimation by different partition values in a large population of black hypertensive subjects.

Author: Ojji DB, Libhaber E, Alfa J, Murtala N, Abdullahi B, Nwankwo A, Nnamonu A, and Karen S
Abstract: Aims: Our aim is to compare the impact of the 2 most widely used methods of indexing left ventricular mass (LVM) on the distribution of abnormal left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns, in a large sample of untreated asymptomatic black hypertensive subjects., Methods and Results: All patients with hypertension referred to the Cardiology unit of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria from 2006 to 2013, who gave informed consent, and underwent physical examination and echocardiography. LVM indexation was classified into 4 geometric patterns after echocardiography: normal geometry, concentric hypertrophy, concentric remodeling, and eccentric hypertrophy. Concentric hypertrophy was the commonest geometric pattern and was detected in 33.6% to 39.5% of the patients. LVM/height 2.7 was a better method to detect abnormal geometric pattern than LVM/BSA (P < 0.0001)., Conclusion: In a large cohort of hypertensive subjects with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease, abnormal LV geometry was found in greater than four-fifths of the population. In addition, LVM indexed for height 2.7 was found to be a better method for detecting LVH than LVM indexed for BSA, as the highest prevalence of abnormal geometry was diagnosed when LVM was indexed for height 2.7 .
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Is Common in Hypertensive Heart Failure: A Prospective Study in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Author: Ojji DB, Lecour S, Atherton JJ, Blauwet LA, Alfa J, and Sliwa K
Subjects: Adult, Africa South of the Sahara, Aged, Echocardiography, Female, Heart Failure diagnosis, Humans, Hypertension diagnosis, Male, Middle Aged, Nigeria, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Ventricular Function, Right, Heart Failure physiopathology, Hypertension physiopathology, Systole physiology, Ventricular Dysfunction, Right physiopathology
Abstract: Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction is now recognized widely as a strong and independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). Reduction of RV systolic function more closely predicts impaired exercise tolerance and poor survival than does left ventricular (LV) systolic function. In spite of this, there is a dearth of data on RV function in hypertensive HF which is the commonest form of HF in sub-Saharan Africa. We therefore conducted a prospective cohort study of hypertensive HF patients presenting to the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria over an 8 year period., Methods: Each subject had transthoracic echocardiography performed on them according to the guidelines of American Society of Echocardiography. RV systolic function was defined as a tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) <15 mm using M-mode echocardiography., Results: RV systolic dysfunction was identified in 272 (44.5%) of the 611 subjects that were studied. Subjects with TAPSE less than 15 mm had worse prognosis compared to those with TAPSE ≥15 mm.There was a significant correlation between TAPSE and other adverse prognostic markers including left and right atrial area, LV size, LV mass, LV ejection fraction, restrictive mitral inflow and RV systolic pressure (RVSP). However, LV ejection fraction and right atrial area were the only independent determinants of RV systolic dysfunction., Conclusions: Hypertensive HF is a major cause of RV systolic dysfunction even in a population with a low prevalence of coronary artery disease, and RV systolic dysfunction is associated with poor prognosis in hypertensive HF. Detailed assessment of RV function should therefore be part of the echocardiography evaluation of patients with hypertensive HF.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Pattern of prescription of anti-hypertensive medications in a tertiary health care facility in Abuja, Nigeria.

Author: Ojji DB, Ajayi SO, Mamven MH, Alfa J, and Albertino D
Subjects: Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nigeria, Tertiary Healthcare, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Hypertension drug therapy, Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Introduction: Marked changes have been made in the pharmacotherapy of hypertension over the years. In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension pharmacotherapy is often thought to include only thiazide diuretics, beta blockers and centrally acting medications and, it is unclear if and how often calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are used., Objective: To examine the anti-hypertensive prescription pattern in a tertiary health centre in Nigeria to determine how it conforms to current guidelines., Method: 590 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients presenting at the Cardiology Unit of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital over a three-year period were studied., Result: Calcium channel blockers were the most frequently prescribed anti-hypertensive medications (66.9% of all cases) and centrally acting medications were prescribed in only 5.01% of cases. Single-pill combination either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive medications were prescribed in 17.3% cases. Of these, calcium channel blocker-based combinations constituted the most frequently used multiple drug combinations. 94.6% of the patients required more than one medication for blood pressure control., Conclusion: Anti-hypertensive pharmacotherapy in Abuja, Nigeria, compares favorably with the current recommendations in the prescription pattern of anti-hypertensive medications.
Published: 2013

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

98 results on '"Alfa J"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources