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The article covers a system of self-adaptable automatic adjustment for elastically deformable packing blocks in mass-exchange apparatuses based on the identification of inertial component peaks in the structure of the filtration flow through the layers of elastically deformable packing materials. It shows the possibilities for the use of wastes from metal-building enterprises formed during machine processing of stainless alloyed steels as packing materials in elastically deformable blocks of mass-exchange apparatuses. The article also describes the automatic control system for hydraulic and mechanic modes by means of stepwise volumetric deformation of the blocks with packing materials.

The paper presents the scheme and algorithm of automatic adjustment of process parameters for elastically deformed blocks of packing materials in mass exchange apparatuses by the turbulization index that indicates fluid dynamics bursts of the inertial compound in the structure of the filtration flow and is an instrument for automatic adjustment of flow dynamic modes of developed turbulization and emulsification in elastically deformed packing blocks at the commissioning stage. The article describes main features and prospects of use of industrial wastes from metal-working plants as packing materials in elastically deformable contact blocks in mass exchanges apparatuses.

This paper provides a new method of implementing pulse liquid extraction with the use of elastically-deformable packing blocks, in which the wastes of metalworking machines meeting certain requirements and being classified by means the developed technique λ = f(Rem) are used as the packing material. The authors describe in detail the scheme of the developed method and the modes of automatic adjustment of the main operating parameters are described. The article covers the main features and advantages of using metal shavings, that is metalworking machines wastes, as pulse elastically-deformable packing blocks.

The paper provides a new automatic adjustment system for flow modes in packing columns. The system allows automatic adjustment of the operating modes of packing mass exchange devices for rectification, extraction, absorption and gas and liquid catalytic reactions. The authors have described in detail the scheme of the developed system and the modes of automatic adjustment of the main operating parameters. The authors have also described the main features and advantages of using metal shavings, that is wastes of metalworking machines, as packing materials that meet all the requirements of running mass exchange processes and are amenable to automatic regulation.

The paper provides a new approach to the high-quality implementation of gas-liquid and catalytic gas-and liquid-phase reactions in displacement reactors. The authors have described the scheme and algorithm for automatic control of the parameters of the catalyst layer. The authors have developed algorithms (mode) for automatic adjustment of the hydrodynamic and thermal modes of the catalytic section and also the principle of automatic adjustment of the system to a gradual or impulse adjusting mode which in case of liquid-phase reaction products results in active dispersion and mutual mixing of reaction products and sharp activation of hydrodynamic and diffusion processes. The article also covers the main requirements for elastically deformable catalytic layers and the advantages of using metalworking machines wastes as adjustable catalyst layers which will have a very significant environmental effect within the recycling and remarketing program.

The article describes a new promising heat and mass exchange packing for evaporation cooling maintaining an intensive dripping flow mode and providing for disinfection of circulation water in electric field. The article includes the schematic diagram of the designed packing and a sample calculation of an industrial apparatus for evaporation cooling applying the designed heat and mass exchange packing. The authors describe the principle for preservation of surface properties of the packing elements. A method is offered to process experimental data, which helps to classify the packing material of various configurations, by mass exchange processes. The article also covers the calculation algorithm for key geometric and technological parameters of evaporation cooling apparatuses ensuring intensive dripping and film-dripping flow modes. Initial, reference and calculation parameters of the designed evaporation cooling apparatus with heat and mass exchange packing ensuring an intensive dripping flow mode and providing for disinfection of circulation water was introduced.

The paper provides a scheme of the designed sectioned mass exchange packing, a description of an experimental plant for studying flow dynamics and heat and mass exchange processes in packing devices, and experimental results of investigation on flow characteristics of the designed sectioned mass exchange packing. The authors describe the advantages and structural aspects of the use of new adjustable packing materials. The authors have studied the use of wastes from metal working machines for packings of heat-and-mass exchange apparatuses as well as the adjustment (self-adjustment) of their basic parameters and flow modes. The article also covers the classifying method for processing of experimental data that helps to perform an express investigation and provide conclusions on the applicability of packing materials for different mass exchange processes. Besides, the authors provide the results of calculation of main process parameters and dimensions of an industrial absorber equipped with a sectioned mass exchange packing each section in which is to be adjusted and managed by flow modes.

The paper covers the prospects to use industrial wastes from machine-building enterprises, appearing while machining various steel grades, as packing materials for industrial absorbers for environmental cleaning processes of gas emissions. The article provides obtained and processed in the criterial way experimental data in hydrodynamics of a packing material sample from metal working machines wastes appearing while treating Aisi 316Ti steel bars; packing material according to the classification method for processing experimental data λ=f(Rem) is oriented to the absorption process during selective gas cleaning in environmental equipment. The authors have compared the studied packing material to the packing that are widely used in industries. The authors have studied the main experimentally confirmed hydrodynamic effects indicating the high efficiency of the proposed packing material. The authors have made calculations for a small-sized industrial absorber for cleaning gas emissions with the use of the studied packing material.