Search

Lightweight constructions are assumed to not have the same performance as massive constructions regarding building physics and climate. Experimental studies show however that lightweight building envelopes made of textile-reinforced concrete are hygrothermal at least equal to conventional envelopes. Thus, it was proven that lightweight constructions have good properties concerning indoor and surface climate as well as durability. In addition, textile-reinforced concrete contributes to sustainable building, such as reducing the needed amount of cement and sand. In this study, a facade of textile-reinforced concrete was developed that surpasses or at least is equal to most building physical properties of conventional constructions. Furthermore, selected requirements for building physics and architecture (e.g., thermal energy storage over the day) were examined and compared to conventional constructions. The main results are: It has been found that lightweight constructions made of textile concrete exceed the contribution to summer thermal protection in most cases compared to conventional building constructions. These results will form the basis for future ways of building facades. They will be much lighter and thus architecturally more appealing without adversely affecting the buildings’ physical and climatic properties.

As a result of climate change, more ecological building materials are continuously developed and find their way into the construction industry. These new building constructions also require new manufacturing technologies. Using examples from research and industry show how partial and complete automation can be used for the practical and individual series production of facade elements made of new building materials such as carbon concrete. The focus is on the complete internal production of some subcomponents. Thus, on the analogy of the production of steel reinforcement onsite in the precast plant, reinforcements made of textile-based materials can also be produced individually in a circulation process down to batch sizes of one without trimming and therefore without waste. The dependence on intermediate product manufacturers can be eliminated and supply bottlenecks avoided. This rethinking of their plant production enables precast producers to manufacture economically and ecologically optimized reinforcements from carbon fibers and integrate them into their circulation process. This adapted production of semi-finished and finished parts made of carbon concrete is implemented similar to the production of precast reinforced concrete elements on existing plant components. Here, too, examples from research and industry are used to demonstrate the need for adaptation in the conventional manufacturing process.

The building sector accounts for 40% of the total energy consumed in Europe at annual basis, together with the relevant Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In order to mitigate these impacts, the concept and establishment of the Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) is under continuous and intensive research. In fact, as the energy used for buildings’ operation becomes more efficient, impacts resulting from the buildings’ embodied energy become of more importance. Therefore, the selection of building materials and components is of high significance, as these affect the energy performance and potential environmental impacts of the building envelopes. The objective of this study is to perform a preliminary Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on advanced multifunctional building components, aiming to achieve lower embodied emissions in NZEBs. The advanced components analyzed are composite panels for facade elements of building envelopes, providing thermal efficiency. The design of sustainable building envelope systems is expected to upgrade the overall environmental performance of buildings, including the NZEBs. The findings of this study constitute unambiguous evidence on the need for further research on this topic, as substantial lack of data concerning embodied impacts is presented in literature, adding to the growing discussion on NZEBs at a whole life cycle perspective across Europe. This research has shown that the electricity required from the manufacturing phase of the examined building components is the main contributor to climate change impact and the other environmental categories assessed. Sensitivity analysis that has been performed indicated that the climate change impact is highly depended on the electricity grid energy mix across Europe. Taking into account the current green energy transition by the increase of the renewable energy sources in electricity production, as well as the future upgrade of the manufacturing processes, it is expected that this climate change impact will be mitigated. Finally, the comparison between the CLC thermal insulator and other foam concretes in literature showed that the materials of the building components examined do not present any diversions in terms of environmental impact.

Fur nachhaltige Entwicklung im Bauwesen werden zunehmend Ansatze zu gesteigerter Ressourcenproduktivitat und geschlossenen Stoffkreislaufen diskutiert. Wiederverwendung bezeichnet den erneuten Einsatz eines Produktes in seinem ursprunglichen Zweck. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht am Beispiel hochdammender Fassadenelemente in sandwichahnlicher Bauweise, ob die Wiederverwendung der Betonschalen einen richtungsweisenden Ansatz der okologisch nachhaltigen Entwicklung darstellt. Dabei wird der Einsatz von Carbonbeton dem von Stahlbeton gegenubergestellt. Die vergleichende Screening-Parameterstudie schatzt die Wirkung der Wiederverwendung anhand verschiedener Szenarien des Lebenszyklus mit dem Indikator des Kumulierten Energieaufwand (KEA) ab. Es werden Chancen der Wiederverwendung benannt, die den Strategiewechsel hin zur Wiederverwendung nahelegen. Die Untersuchungsmethode lasst sich auf andere Produkte ubertragen.

The world of construction becomes smarter. New building processes, such as building information modeling (BIM), automated manufacturing (Industry 4.0) and sustainable building are an integral part of today’s industry. Also, new material combinations, like carbon reinforced concrete, capture more and more construction applications. The number of practical examples of carbon reinforced concrete has increased. However, this is only the beginning, as the development goals have not been reached yet. After the first approved systems, further questions arise, including high-temperature-resistant reinforcement, economic production processes and the vision of an integral planned, automatically produced, and sustainable smart building. In this vision, the embedded carbon reinforcement is part of the infrastructure that enables smart-home applications and pushes the research ahead. For example, pre-pregs of carbon reinforced concrete are being developed, based on well-known carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) applications. The curing process can be controlled and brought to an end at the construction side, days, or even weeks after the pre-fab production has taken place. Automated robots are capable of placing the carbon yarn in the pre-fabricated formwork. So, the typical manufacturing (value) chain is becoming outdated, as the usual rebar or grid manufacturing is omitted– these are also part of the current developments. Also, mineral coatings for the high-temperature- resistant reinforcement are also under development, and it is showing promising results. Another niche industry revolves around multifunctional pre-cast components with integrated heating and energy storage and load-bearing functions, which are already cheaper than the classic separated components. We lead the C³ carbon concrete composite R & D project and have an overview of the latest forward- looking and visionary development approaches in carbon reinforced concrete.

Diese Metadaten wurden zur Verfügung gestellt von der Literaturdatenbank RSWB®plus