139 results on '"Alessandra Cristina Marcolin"'
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2. HPLC-MS/MS method for determination of betamethasone in human plasma with application to a dichorionic twin pregnancy pharmacokinetic and placental transfers studies
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Grazielle de Fátima Pinto Rodrigues, Jhohann Richard de Lima Benzi, Maria Paula Marques, Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés, Vera Lucia Lanchote, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Betamethasone ,LC-MS ,Twin pregnancy ,Placental transfer study ,Pharmacokinetic study ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Abstract Betamethasone (BET) is a synthetic glucocorticoid recommended for pregnant women at imminent risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks to reduce neonatal complications. There are different techniques to describe BET plasma quantification. However, none quantified the plasmatic concentration of BET in dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies using LC-MS. Our objectives were to develop and validate a method for quantifying BET by LC-MS for pharmacokinetic (PK) and placental transfer studies in DC twin pregnancies. Blood samples were collected after intramuscular administration of a single BET dose containing 6 mg disodium phosphate + 6 mg acetate. BET was determined in plasma by liquid-liquid extraction. The method showed linearity in the range of 2-250 ng/mL, as well as precision and accuracy with a coefficient of variation and relative standard errors ≤ 15%. Additionally, the method presented selectivity and did not present matrix or carry-over effect. Stability tests also presented coefficient of variation and relative standard errors ≤ 15%. This is the first study which describe maternal and fetal plasma concentrations of BET in a DC twin pregnancy. The BET PK parameters were AUC0-∞, CL/F, Vd/F, Cmax, Tmax of 292.20 h*ng/mL, 39.08 L/h, 278.72 L, 25.55 ng/mL and 0.58 h, respectively. The placental transfer ratios of umbilical vein/maternal vein and intervillous space/maternal vein were 0.14 and 0.19 and 0.40 and 0.27 for both twins, respectively. However, a clinical study with more subjects is imperative to confirm this higher concentration of BET in the intervillous space.
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- 2023
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3. Applying a physiotherapy protocol to women during the active phase of labor improves obstetrical outcomes: a randomized clinical trialAJOG Global Reports at a Glance
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Licia Santos Santana, XX, Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, XX, Silvana Maria Quintana, XX, Geraldo Duarte, XX, Cristine Homsi Jorge, XX, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, XX
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dystocia ,labor pain ,active phase of labor ,nonpharmacologic resources ,pharmacologic analgesia ,randomized controlled trial ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Labor is a physiological process triggered by mechanical and hormonal events that promote uterine contractions to expel the fetus. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nonpharmacologic childbirth care protocol in women in the active phase of labor in improving obstetrical and perinatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: This was a randomized trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. A total of 80 low-risk primigravida women at the end of pregnancy admitted at the beginning of the active phase of labor participated in the study. The participants were divided into an experimental group (n=40) and a control group (n=40). Women in the experimental group received 4 interventions: ambulation at 4 to 6 cm of cervical dilation, alternation of maternal postures, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at 6 to 7 cm, and a warm shower bath at >7 cm. The control group received only routine obstetrical care during labor. The parturient could request pharmacologic analgesia at any time during the study. The main outcome measures were the duration of the active phase of the first stage of labor, the duration of the expulsive phase of labor, and the prevalence of labor dystocia as assessed by the partograph. The researchers collected other maternal and neonatal data from official birth records. RESULTS: The parturients who received the nonpharmacologic protocol had a shorter active phase of the first stage of labor (444 minutes in the control group and 373 minutes in the experimental group; P=.02), presented rupture of membranes later in labor (7 cm in the control group and 8 cm in the experimental group; P
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- 2022
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4. COVID-19: Uncertainties from Conception to Birth
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Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho, Karina de Sá Adami, Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri, Marise Samama, Rui Alberto Ferriani, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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COVID-19 ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,ovary ,testis ,conception ,pregnancy ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Scientific information on the impact of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on the health of pregnant women, fetuses and newborns is considered of limited confidence, lacking good-quality evidence, and drawing biased conclusions. As a matter of fact, the initial impressions that the evolution of COVID-19 was no different between pregnant and non-pregnant women, and that SARS-CoV-2 was not vertically transmitted, are confronted by the documentation of worsening of the disease during pregnancy, poor obstetric outcomes, and the possibility of vertical transmission. The present article aims to compile the data available on the association of COVID-19 and reproductive events, from conception to birth.
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- 2021
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5. Wernicke Encephalopathy as a Complication of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Case Report
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Ênio Luis Damaso, Estella Thaisa Sontag dos Reis, Felipe Alves de Jesus, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, and Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés
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pregnancy ,Wernicke encephalopathy ,hyperemesis gravidarum ,thiamine ,case report ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder resulting from vitamin B1 deficiency, which is common in chronic alcoholism. We report a rare case of WE due to hyperemesis gravidarum in a 25-year-old pregnant patient at 13 weeks and 5 days of gestation. Initially, the disease manifested as weakness, mental confusion, anterograde amnesia, and visual and auditory hallucinations. The diagnosis was established after the detection of suggestive findings of WE in the thalamus by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a rapid improvement in the patient's clinical status subsequent to treatment with thiamine. Hyperemesis is a rare cause of WE, which makes the reported case important in the literature and reinforces the need for attention in clinical practice to rare but important complications of this common condition (hyperemesis gravidarum).
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- 2020
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6. Childbirth, Puerperium and Abortion Care Protocol during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Alberto Trapani Júnior, Laura Rassi Vanhoni, Sheila Koettker Silveira, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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COVID-19 ,pandemic ,pregnancy ,guidelines ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract The new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2, SARSCoV- 2) is a virus that causes a potentially serious respiratory disease that has spread in several countries, reaching humans in all age groups, including pregnant women. The purpose of this protocol is to provide technical and scientific support to Brazilian obstetricians regarding childbirth, postpartum and abortion care during the pandemic.
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- 2020
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7. Limb Body Wall Complex Associated with Placenta Accreta: A Mere Coincidence or a Sign of an Etiopathogenic Link?
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Marcos Masaru Okido, Aderson Tadeu Berezowski, Sandra Regina Marques Carvalho, Geraldo Duarte, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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ultrasonography ,prenatal diagnosis ,limb body wall ,complex ,placenta accreta ,etiology ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract A case was reported of a fetus with the anomaly of limb body wall complex associated with placenta accreta. To date, only one account of this condition has been published in the world literature. Due to the low frequency of both complications, the hypothesis has been raised that this association may have happened not by mere coincidence, but rather by a possible common etiopathogenic mechanism. For the first time, a study proposes the existence of a possible etiopathogenic connection between the anomaly of limb body wall complex and hypoxic disorders caused by inadequate placentation in previous uterine scarring.
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- 2017
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8. Epidemiological Risk Factors and Perinatal Outcomes of Congenital Anomalies
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Lissa Fernandes Garcia Almeida, Edward Araujo Júnior, Gerson Claudio Crott, Marcos Masaru Okido, Aderson Tadeu Berezowski, Geraldo Duarte, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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pregnancy ,congenital anomaly ,epidemiological risk factor ,ultrasound ,perinatal outcome ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives To identify the epidemiological risk factors for congenital anomalies (CAs) and the impact of these fetal malformations on the perinatal outcomes. Methods This prospective cohort study comprised 275 women whose fetuses had CAs. Maternal variables to establish potential risk factors for each group of CA and perinatal outcomes were evaluated. The primary outcome was CA. Secondary outcomes included: fetal growth restriction (FGR); fetal distress (FD); premature rupture of membranes (PROM); oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios; preterm delivery (PTD); stillbirth; cesarean section; low birth weight; Apgar score < 7 at the 1st and 5th minutes; need for assisted ventilation at birth; neonatal infection; need for surgical treatment; early neonatal death; and hospitalization time. Chi-square (x2) test and multilevel regression analysis were applied to compare the groups and determine the effects of maternal characteristics on the incidence of CAs. Results The general prevalence of CAs was of 2.4%. Several maternal characteristics were associated to CAs, such as: age; skin color; level of education; parity; folic acid supplementation; tobacco use; and history of previous miscarriage. There were no significant differences among the CA groups in relation to FGR, FD, PROM, 1-minute Apgar score > 7, and need for assisted ventilation at birth. On the other hand, the prevalence of the other considered outcomes varied significantly among groups. Preterm delivery was significantly more frequent in gastrointestinal tract/abdominal wall defects. The stillbirth rate was increased in all CAs, mainly in isolated fetal hydrops (odds ratio [OR]: 27.13; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 2.90-253.47). Hospitalization time was higher for the urinary tract and congenital heart disease groups (p < 0.01). Neonatal death was significantly less frequent in the central nervous system anomalies group. Conclusion It was possible to identify several risk factors for CAs. Adverse perinatal outcomes were presented in all CA groups, and may differ according to the type of CA considered.
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- 2016
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9. Qualidade e segurança: caminhos para o sucesso do redesenho do modelo de cuidado obstétrico
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ALESSANDRA CRISTINA MARCOLIN
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Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Published
- 2015
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10. Rotura e deiscência de cicatriz uterina: estudo de casos em uma maternidade de baixo risco do sudeste brasileiro
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Marcos Masaru Okido, Silvana Maria Quintana, Aderson Tadeu Berezowski, Geraldo Duarte, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Gravidez ,Cesárea ,Nascimento vaginal após cesárea ,Ruptura uterina ,Morte fetal ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Analisar os casos de rotura uterina e deiscência de cicatriz uterina ocorridos em uma maternidade de baixo risco e apontar possibilidades de aprimoramento na abordagem dessas complicações.MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo em uma maternidade de baixo risco com 30 leitos, que presta assistência às usuárias do sistema público de saúde. A investigação foi realizada por meio de busca dos casos em livros de registros de sala de parto e posterior leitura dos prontuários para coleta dos dados. As informações foram inseridas em formulário previamente elaborado para este estudo. Foram incluídos os casos de rotura uterina e deiscência de cicatriz uterina diagnosticados no período de 1998 a 2012, avaliados incidência, aspectos relacionados aos fatores de risco e diagnóstico, associação com o uso de misoprostol e ocitocina e desfechos observados.RESULTADOS: No período mencionado foram registrados 39.206 partos nessa instituição. A cesárea foi a conduta adotada em 10 mil partos, o que equivale a uma taxa de 25,5%. Foram identificados 12 casos de rotura uterina e 16 de deiscência de cicatriz uterina. Os resultados mais relevantes foram a alta mortalidade perinatal associada à rotura uterina e o insucesso no diagnóstico da complicação. Não foi possível demonstrar associações com o uso de misoprostol ou ocitocina.CONCLUSÃO: Os desfechos adversos da rotura uterina podem ser minimizados se esforços forem direcionados para melhorar o desempenho diagnóstico das equipes assistentes.
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- 2014
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11. Editorial
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Published
- 2014
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12. Rabdomiomas cardíacos fetais: análise de cinco casos Fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma: analysis of five cases
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Sandra Regina Marques Carvalho, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli, Gerson Cláudio Crott, Maria Célia Mendes, Geraldo Duarte, and Aderson Tadeu Berezowski
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Rabdomioma ,Neoplasias cardíacas ,Diagnóstico precoce ,Ecocardiografia ,Doenças fetais ,Ultrassonografia prenata ,Diagnóstico diferencial ,Esclerose tuberosa ,Rhabdomyoma ,Cardiac neoplasms ,Early diagnosis ,Echocardiography ,Fetal diseases ,Ultrasonography, prenatal ,Diagnosis, differential ,Tuberous sclerosis ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: analisar o diagnóstico, evolução e conduta terapêutica em cinco casos de tumores cardíacos primários diagnosticados no período pré-natal. MÉTODOS: no período de Janeiro 1997 a Dezembro 2008, 7.989 gestantes foram submetidas à avaliação ultrassonográfica morfológica fetal devido à presença de fatores de risco para malformações fetais. Foram selecionados os casos com massas hipercogênicas intracardíaca maiores que 1 mm diagnosticados na avaliação ultrassonográfica do coração fetal. O diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores foi realizado segundo as características ultrassonográficas das massas. RESULTADOS: em cinco fetos foram diagnosticadas massas hiperecogênicas intracardíaca correspondendo a uma taxa de prevalência de 0,06%. A idade gestacional variou entre a 28ª e a 36ª semanas (média=31) e a idade materna variou de 23 a 45 anos (média=34,2). A localização mais frequente das massas foi o ventrículo esquerdo (100%). Ecograficamente, todas as massas eram hipercogênicas, homogêneas, únicas ou múltiplas e bem delimitadas, compatíveis com diagnóstico de um rabdomioma. Nos casos em que os diâmetros das massas foram menores que 20 mm, a conduta foi expectante e não houve complicações no período pré-natal. Um caso com tumor de grande volume apresentou arritmia e insuficiência cardíaca na 35ª semana de gestação, sendo indicada a interrupção da gestação. Em 80% dos casos foi observada associação com esclerose tuberosa no seguimento pós-natal. A regressão dos tumores cardíacos ocorreu em três casos (60%) durante um seguimento médio de três anos. Todos os recém-nascidos eram do sexo masculino e sem antecedentes familiares de esclerose tuberosa. CONCLUSÕES: a avaliação ultrassonográfica morfológica fetal é a principal forma de detecção precoce dos tumores cardíacos primários. A avaliação cardíaca fetal é fundamental para a caracterização morfológica diferencial das massas cardíacas e para avaliação funcional cardíaca. Os rabdomiomas são o tipo mais comum de tumor no feto. A conduta pré e pós-natal são expectantes, com baixo risco de complicações, havendo possibilidade de regressão espontânea na maioria dos casos. O seguimento clínico pós-natal é obrigatório devido à frequente associação à esclerose tuberosa.PURPOSE: to analyze the differential diagnosis, follow-up and therapeutic approach in five cases of primary cardiac tumors diagnosed during the prenatal period. METHODS: during the period from January 1997 to December 2008, 7989 pregnant women were submitted to morphological ultrasound due to the presence of risk factors for fetal malformations. Fetuses with hyperechogenic intracardiac masses larger than 1 mm diagnosed by ultrasound evaluation of the fetal heart, were selected for study. The differential diagnosis between the different tumor types was made on the basis of the ultrasound characteristics of the masses. RESULTS: five fetuses with hiperechogenic intracardiac masses were diagnosed, corresponding to a 0.06% prevalence rate. Gestational age ranged from 28 to 36 weeks (mean: 31), and maternal age ranged from 23 to 45 years (mean: 34,2). The most frequent location of the masses was the left ventricle (100%). Echographically, all masses were single or multiple, hyperechogenic, homogeneous and well delimited, compatible with a diagnosis of rhabomyoma. In cases in which the diameters of the masses were less than 20 mm, an expectant conduct was followed and no complications occurred during the prenatal period. One case with a huge tumor presented arrhythmia and cardiac insufficiency during the 35 gestational weeks, and the interruption of pregnancy was indicated. Tuberous sclerosis was associated in four cases (80%) and the diagnosis was confirmed during the postnatal follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: fetal morphological ultrasonography is the main form of early detection of primary cardiac tumors. The fetal cardiac evaluation is of fundamental importance for the differential morphological characterization of cardiac masses and for the evaluation of cardiac function. Rhabdomyomas are the most common type of fetal tumor. An expectant pre and postnatal conduct is followed, with a low risk of complications and with the possibility of spontaneous regression in most cases. Postnatal clinical follow-up is mandatory due to the high frequency of associated tuberous sclerosis.
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- 2010
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13. Exame clínico das mamas em consultas de pré-natal: análise da cobertura e de fatores associados em município do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Clinical breast examination during prenatal visits: analysis of coverage and associated factors in a city in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Juvenal Soares Dias-da-Costa, Geraldo Duarte, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Geane Garlet, Alan Felipe Sakai, and Mônia Steigleder Bianchi
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Cuidado Pré-Natal ,Aleitamento Materno ,Bem-Estar Materno ,Prenatal Care ,Breast Feeding ,Maternal Welfare ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
O Ministério da Saúde do Brasil preconiza que seja realizado o exame clínico das mamas em conjunto com as orientações para o aleitamento materno na primeira consulta de pré-natal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a cobertura do exame clínico das mamas durante o pré-natal e descrever características associadas ao não cumprimento desta norma. Foi realizado um estudo transversal em Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, entre os meses de maio e julho de 2007. Dados relativos às puérperas foram registrados em um questionário padronizado. Dentre as 445 puérperas entrevistadas, 266 (59,8%) não foram submetidas ao exame clínico das mamas no pré-natal. As mulheres não-brancas, com renda familiar per capita inferior a um salário mínimo (R$ 380,00), com parto e pré-natal realizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) apresentaram probabilidade maior de não terem suas mamas examinadas durante o pré-natal. Esses resultados mostram a baixa prevalência da realização do exame clínico das mamas durante o pré-natal, além disso, indicam graves problemas relacionados à qualidade do atendimento pré-natal e diferenças no acesso de mulheres pertencentes aos contingentes populacionais de menor poder aquisitivo aos cuidados preconizados.The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends that breast examination be performed along with breastfeeding orientation during the first prenatal visit. The aims of the current study were to analyze breast examination during prenatal care and describe the factors associated with insufficient coverage. A cross-sectional study was performed in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from May to July 2007. Data for women who had just given birth were recorded on a standardized questionnaire. Of 445 women, 266 (59.8%) had not undergone breast examination during prenatal care. Non-white women and those with a monthly income below the minimum wage (BRL 380.00) or with prenatal care and delivery in the public health system showed the highest probability of not having a breast examination during prenatal care. The results show the low prevalence of breast examination during prenatal care and indicate serious problems related to quality of prenatal care, besides unequal access for poor women.
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- 2008
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14. Infecção urinária na gravidez Urinary tract infection in pregnancy
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Geraldo Duarte, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Silvana Maria Quintana, and Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli
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Complicações infecciosas na gravidez ,Infecções urinárias ,Bacteriuria ,Pregnancy complications infectious ,Urinary tract infections ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Vários fatores tornam a infecção do trato urinário (ITU) uma relevante complicação do período gestacional, agravando tanto o prognóstico materno quanto o prognóstico perinatal. Durante muitos anos, a gravidez foi vista como fator predisponente a todas as formas de ITU. Hoje, sabe-se que ela, como evento isolado, não é responsável por maior incidência de ITU; as mudanças anatômicas e fisiológicas impostas ao trato urinário pela gravidez predispõem à transformação de mulheres bacteriúricas assintomáticas (BA) em gestantes com ITU sintomáticas. A BA acomete entre 2 e 10% de todas as gestantes, das quais aproximadamente 30% desenvolverão pielonefrite, se não tratadas adequadamente. No entanto, observa-se incompreensível resistência dos pré-natalistas à identificação da BA neste período. Seu diagnóstico é microbiológico e baseia-se em duas uroculturas apresentando mais que 10(5) colônias/mL de urina, identificando-se o mesmo germe. Seu tratamento é facilitado, visto que pode ser baseado no antibiograma, não havendo fundamentação científica de que o pré-estabelecimento de esquemas terapêuticos seja uma medida adequada. Para o tratamento da pielonefrite, não é possível aguardar o resultado da cultura e o conhecimento prévio do perfil de resistência dos antibacterianos disponíveis para uso em gestantes seria a melhor medida. Outra variável importante é utilizar um antibiótico bactericida, endovenoso na fase aguda da infecção e com possibilidades de ser administrado via oral após a melhora clínica da paciente, em seu domicílio. Em nosso meio, a droga que melhor atende a todas estas demandas é a cefuroxima, utilizada por um período de 10-14 dias. As cefalosporinas de terceira geração não existem na forma oral, carreando o inconveniente de tratamento parenteral em sua totalidade. Em decorrência dos efeitos colaterais, considera-se inadequado o uso de aminoglicosídeos em gestantes. Apesar das inconsistentes insinuações de contra-indicações das quinolonas monofluoradas, havendo indicação, acredita-se que a norfloxacina possa ser uma boa opção à cefuroxima. Para os casos em que a profilaxia da ITU está indicada, preferem-se os quimioterápicos, entre eles a nitrofurantoína, com o cuidado de evitar seu uso no final da gravidez pelo risco de kernicterus no neonato.Several factors cause urinary tract infection (UTI) to be a relevant complication of the gestational period, aggravating both the maternal and perinatal prognosis. For many years, pregnancy has been considered to be a factor predisposing to all forms of UTI. Today, it is known that pregnancy, as an isolated event, is not responsible for a higher incidence of UTI, but that the anatomical and physiological changes imposed on the urinary tract by pregnancy predispose women with asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) to become pregnant women with symptomatic UTI. AB affects 2 to 10% of all pregnant women and approximately 30% of these will develop pyelonephritis if not properly treated. However, a difficult to understand resistance against the identification of AB during this period is observed among prenatalists. The diagnosis of UTI is microbiological and it is based on two urine cultures presenting more than 10(5) colonies/mL urine of the same germ. Treatment is facilitated by the fact that it is based on an antibiogram, with no scientific foundation for the notion that a pre-established therapeutic scheme is an adequate measure. For the treatment of pyelonephritis, it is not possible to wait for the result of culture and previous knowledge of the resistance profile of the antibacterial agents available for the treatment of pregnant women would be the best measure. Another important variable is the use of an intravenous bactericidal antibiotic during the acute phase, with the possibility of oral administration at home after clinical improvement of the patient. At our hospital, the drug that best satisfies all of these requirements is cefuroxime, administered for 10-14 days. Third-generation cephalosporins do not exist in the oral form, all of them involving the inconvenience of parenteral administration. In view of their side effects, aminoglycosides are considered to be inadequate for administration to pregnant women. The inconsistent insinuation of contraindication of monofluorinated quinolones, if there is an indication, norfloxacin is believed to be a good alternative to cefuroxime. In cases in which UTI prophylaxis is indicated, chemotherapeutic agents are preferred, among them nitrofurantoin, with care taken to avoid its use at the end of pregnancy due to the risk of kernicterus for the neonate.
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- 2008
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15. Efeitos das drogas anti-retrovirais sobre o metabolismo glicídico e células de Langerhans de pâncreas de ratas Wistar prenhes Effects of antiretroviral drugs on glucide metabolism and pancreatic Langerhans' cells of pregnant Wistar rats
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Ernesto Antonio Figueiró-Filho, Patrícia El Beitune, Marilza Cunha Vieira Rudge, Silvana Maria Quintana, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, and Geraldo Duarte
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Drogas anti-retrovirais ,Diabete melito ,HIV ,AIDS ,Antiretroviral drugs ,Diabetes ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: avaliar a ação de drogas anti-retrovirais sobre o metabolismo glicídico e sobre o pâncreas de ratas Wistar prenhes. MÉTODOS: estudo com ratas prenhes adultas da raça Wistar, pesando entre 200-230 g. Foram testadas a azidotimidina, lamivudina e o nelfinavir, em doses 10 vezes superiores à dose utilizada em gestantes. Foram avaliados sete grupos, contendo 10 ratas por grupo, incluindo o controle. O sacrifício foi realizado no 21º dia de prenhez. Procederam-se a dosagens de glicemia, insulina, glucagon, ácidos graxos livres (AGL) e glicogênio hepático. Para avaliação de lesão pancreática, optou-se pela contagem direta do número de células produtoras de insulina e glucagon marcadas por imuno-histoquímica. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste t de Student, sendo comparados os animais dos grupos controle e tratados. RESULTADOS: após 21 dias de prenhez houve elevação dos níveis séricos de glucagon (grupo controle: 88,2 pg/ml; grupos tratados: 99,7 a 120,7 pg/ml ) e redução dos níveis de insulina (grupo controle: 6,2 miUI/ml; grupos tratados: 2,1 a 2,7 miUI/ml) em todos os grupos tratados com anti-retrovirais. Não houve diferenças significativas nos valores plasmáticos de glicemia, AGL e valores de glicogênio hepático ao final dos 21 dias de prenhez. Não houve diferença quanto ao número de células pancreáticas produtoras de insulina e glucagon entre os grupos tratados e o grupo controle ao final dos 21 dias de prenhez. CONCLUSÕES: os fármacos anti-retrovirais utilizados durante a prenhez de ratas não infectadas alteram o metabolismo glicídico materno em grau leve causando queda de insulina e elevação do glucagon, com índices glicêmicos normais e número de células pancreáticas inalterado.OBJECTIVE: to assess the action of antiretroviral drugs on glycid metabolism and on the pancreas of pregnant Wistar rats. METHODS: adult pregnant Wistar rats weighing 200-230g were used. Azidothymidine, lamivudine and nelfinavir were administered to the animals at doses 10 times higher than those administered to pregnant women. The animals were divided into seven groups of 10 animals, including a control group. The animals were sacrificed on the 21st day of pregnancy and glycemia, insulinemia, glucagonemia, free fatty acids (FFA) and hepatic glycogen were measured. Direct counts of the number of immunohistochemically labeled insulin- and glucagon-producing cells were used to determine pancreatic damage. Data were analyzed statistically by the Student's t-test comparing each treated group with the control group. RESULTS: increased serum glucagon (control group: 88.2 pg/ml; treated groups: 99.7-120.7 pg/ml) and reduced insulin (control group: 6.2 muIU/ml; treated groups: 2.1-2.7 muIU/ml) were observed in all groups treated with antiretroviral drugs after 21 days of pregnancy. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups and the control in glycemia, plasma FFA or hepatic glycogen. Also, there was no significant difference in number of insulin- and glucagon-producing cells between the treated groups and the control. CONCLUSION: treatment of noninfected rats with antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy altered maternal glycid metabolism causing insulin decrease and glucagon elevation, with normal glycemia and unchanged number of pancreatic cells.
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- 2004
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16. Controle de polidrâmnio recorrente em gestante portadora do HIV-1: relato de caso
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Geraldo Duarte, Ernesto Antonio Figueiró-Filho, Patrícia El Beitune, Silvana Maria Quintana, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Rafael Kioshi Yano, and Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli
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Transmissão vertical ,Amniocentese ,HIV-1 ,AIDS ,Polidrâmnio ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
A redução da transmissão vertical (TV) do vírus da imunodeficiência humana tipo 1 (HIV-1) utilizando a profilaxia com a zidovudina (AZT) representa significativo avanço na assistência pré-natal e obstétrica destas pacientes. Condutas obstétricas invasivas são contra-indicadas em gestantes portadoras do HIV-1, em face do risco de aumento da taxa de TV deste vírus. Os autores relatam um caso de polidrâmnio recorrente em gestante portadora do HIV-1, que exigiu drenagem por amniocentese. Foram realizadas quatro punções ao longo da gestação, na 23ª, 26ª, 27ª e 29ª semanas, todas guiadas por ultra-sonografia, drenando, respectivamente, 1.800, 1.450, 1.700 e 1.960 mL de líquido amniótico claro em cada punção. Com 30 semanas e 5 dias de gestação a paciente apresentou trabalho de parto pré-termo, evoluindo para parto vaginal de recém-nato (RN) pesando 1.690 g e medindo 43 cm. O RN evoluiu com diagnóstico de nefropatia perdedora de sódio, tendo três aferições de reação em cadeia de polimerase para HIV-1 negativas. Os autores ilustram uma opção no manejo de situações que envolvam gestantes portadoras do HIV-1 que necessitem de procedimentos obstétricos invasivos, utilizando AZT endovenoso (2 mg/kg) previamente ao procedimento, medida que apresentou excelente resultado no caso descrito, evitando a infecção perinatal pelo HIV-1.
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- 2004
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17. Avaliação longitudinal da infecção por parvovírus B19 entre grávidas em Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil Longitudinal evaluation of parvovirus B19 infection among pregnant women at Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Geraldo Duarte, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Silvana Maria Quintana, Dimas Tadeu Covas, and Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa
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Infecções na gravidez ,Parvovírus B19 ,Transmissão vertical ,Infections during pregnancy ,Parvovirus B19 ,Vertical transmission ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
OBJETIVOS: avaliar a taxa de soroprevalência contra o parvovírus B19 (PB19) entre grávidas e a taxa de soroconversão dessa infecção durante a gravidez. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. Na primeira fase do estudo foram avaliadas 245 grávidas com idade gestacional menor que 16 semanas, para aferição da soroprevalência da infecção PB19, utilizando o método ELISA. De acordo com os resultados sorológicos, classificou-se a infecção pelo PB19 em aguda (IgM positivo e IgG negativo ou positivo) ou remota (IgM negativo e IgG positivo). Na segunda fase do estudo, 73 grávidas soronegativas foram novamente testadas durante a internação para o parto (IgM e IgG), objetivando aferir a taxa de soroconversão durante a gravidez. RESULTADOS: a prevalência da infecção PB19 até a 16ª semana de gravidez foi de 62,9% (IC 95%: 56,8-68,9), divididas em infecção aguda (8,1%) e remota (54,8%). Das 73 grávidas soronegativas que submeteram-se a novo teste no momento do parto, sete (9,6%) apresentaram soroconversão durante a gravidez (IC 95%: 2,8-16,3), sendo duas com infecção aguda (2,7%) e cinco com infecção remota (6,9%). A prevalência final da infecção por PB19 durante a gravidez foi de 72,5%. CONCLUSÕES: considerando que apenas a infecção aguda pelo PB19 está associada a risco de transmissão vertical, a soroprevalência relativamente alta desta infecção entre grávidas estaria protegendo os fetos contra esta forma de disseminação do vírus. Apesar da elevada taxa de soroconversão para PB19 durante a gravidez, não foi observado nenhum caso de infecção sintomática entre os recém-nascidos.PURPOSE: to evaluate the rate of seropositivity for parvovirus B19 (PB19) among pregnant women and the rate of seroconversion against this infection during pregnancy. METHODS: prospective study carried out in the Hospital of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. In the first stage of the present study, we evaluated 245 pregnant women with gestational age less than 16 weeks to determine the seroprevalence of PB19 infection by ELISA. According to the serological results we determined if the PB19 infection was an acute infection (IgM positive and IgG negative or positive), or a former infection (IgM negative and IgG positive). In the second stage of this study, 73 previously seronegative pregnant women were tested again when they came to the hospital for delivery (IgM and IgG), to detect the seroconversion rate during pregnancy. RESULTS: the seroprevalence of the PB19 infection until 16 weeks of gestation was 62.9% (95% IC: 56.8-68.9), divided into acute infection (8.1%), or former infection (54.8%). Of the 73 patients, seronegative in the first stage of this investigation, seven (9.6%) showed seroconversion during pregnancy (95% IC: 2.8-16.3), two (2.7%) showed acute serological infection and five (6.9%) presented markers of past infection. The final seroprevalence of PB19 infection during pregnancy was 72.5%. CONCLUSIONS: considering that only the acute PB19 infection is associated with risk for vertical transmission, the high seroprevalence of this infection observed in this study would be protecting these fetuses against this form of infection. Despite the relatively high rate of seroconversion against PB19 infection during the pregnancy period, we did not observe any symptomatic neonate in this group.
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- 2003
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18. A Adolescente Grávida: Alguns Indicadores Sociais
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Marta Edna Holanda Diógenes Yazlle, Maria Célia Mendes, Maristela Carbol Patta, Juan Stuardo Yazlle Rocha, George Dantas de Azevedo, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Adolescência ,Resolução da gravidez ,Complicações da gravidez ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Objetivos: conhecer o número e tipo de partos, categoria de internação, ocupação e diagnósticos obstétricos entre adolescentes de 12 a 19 anos no município de Ribeirão Preto, SP, no período de janeiro de 1992 a dezembro de 1996. Métodos: foram analisadas as informações relacionadas à internação, obtidas das folhas de altas hospitalares, no Centro de Processamento de Dados Hospitalares (CPDH). Para processar as informações, foram utilizados o Sistema Epi-Info 6.04a-processador de texto, banco de dados e estatística para epidemiologia, produzido pelo Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA, USA) e o Dbase IV. A associação entre as variáveis foi testada pelo chi² com nível de significância de 5%. Os parâmetros analisados foram: tipo e número de partos, categoria de internação, ocupação e diagnósticos obstétricos. Resultados: no período estudado ocorreram 42.969 partos, dentre os quais 7.134 (16,6%) corresponderam aos partos de adolescentes. No decorrer dos anos, houve aumento no número de partos nesta faixa etária, passando de 1.225 partos em 1992 para 1.538 em 1996. Foram relatados partos a partir dos 12 anos, havendo elevação gradual deste número, principalmente depois dos 14 anos, quando houve crescimento de 104,2% para os partos nesta idade, 48,8% aos 15 anos, 36,1% aos 16 anos, 14,0% aos 17 anos, 52,8% aos 18 anos e, praticamente, não houve aumento entre aquelas com 19 anos de idade. Na categoria de internação do sistema único de saúde (SUS) foi registrado o maior número de partos (5.709); na categoria pré-pagamento ocorreram 1.277 partos e na categoria particular registraram-se 148 partos. Com relação à ocupação, 14,1% das pacientes pertenciam à população economicamente ativa e 85,8% estavam fora da população economicamente ativa. A porcentagem de partos normais foi de 59,2%, de partos fórcipe foi 5,6% e cesariana foi de 35,2%. Os diagnósticos obstétricos mais freqüentes foram: problemas do feto ou placenta que afetam a conduta materna (7,9%), desproporção feto-pélvica (6,0%), problemas com cavidade amniótica e membranas (5,0%), hipertensão complicando o parto e puerpério (3,5%) e trabalho de parto prematuro ou falso (3,4%). Conclusão: a maioria dos partos foi normal, ocorrendo com mais freqüência no final da adolescência, principalmente entre aquelas pertencentes à categoria de internação SUS. Houve predomínio de adolescentes não inseridas na população economicamente ativa. Por ocasião da resolução da gestação foram diagnosticadas algumas complicações obstétricas.
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- 2002
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19. Infecção urinária na gravidez: análise dos métodos para diagnóstico e do tratamento Urinary infection in pregnancy: analysis of diagnostic methods and treatment
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Geraldo Duarte, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Silvana Maria Quintana, Aderson Tadeu Berezowski, Antônio Alberto Nogueira, and Sérgio Pereira da Cunha
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Infecção urinária ,Pré-natal ,Complicações da gravidez ,Urinary infection ,Prenatal care ,Complications of pregnancy ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Objetivos: avaliar os aspectos diagnósticos, terapêuticos e as complicações dos casos de infecção do trato urinário (ITU) sintomática durante a gestação, que necessitaram de internação hospitalar. Métodos: foram incluídas 136 grávidas com diagnóstico clínico de pielonefrite. Foram avaliados: a idade e paridade da paciente, idade gestacional em que foi feito o diagnóstico, antecedentes de importância epidemiológica, propedêutica laboratorial para avaliação da infecção urinária, tratamento e evolução clínica, antimicrobianoprofilaxia e complicações. Resultados: pielonefrite foi diagnosticada, nas mesmas proporções, em todas as idades gestacionais. Houve maior incidência de ITU entre as primigestas. Apenas 29,3% das gestantes apresentaram história prévia de ITU. Observou-se que 57,0% das pacientes apresentaram anemia e 93,0% mostraram análise urinária alterada. A Escherichia coli foi o uropatógeno mais prevalente (75,8% dos casos), com baixos percentuais de sensibilidade à ampicilina (60,6%) e à cefalotina (63,6%) e altos percentuais de sensibilidade à cefuroxima (95,5%). A maior taxa de melhora clínica foi obtida entre as gestantes tratadas com cefuroxima (95,7%). A antimicrobianoprofilaxia foi necessária em 11,0% das pacientes. O trabalho de parto pré-termo ocorreu em 33,3% das gestantes que deram à luz em nosso serviço, e o parto pré-termo em 18,9%. Conclusões: esses resultados reforçam a necessidade do diagnóstico precoce e tratamento efetivo da ITU em gestantes, a fim de evitar a ocorrência freqüente de complicações perinatais, como o trabalho de parto e o parto pré-termo. Destaca-se a necessidade de avaliação periódica do padrão de sensibilidade dos agentes etiológicos prevalentes aos antimicrobianos de uso permitido durante a gestação, adotando-se a cefuroxima como o antimicrobiano de escolha para o tratamento das ITU na gestação.Purpose: to assess the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects and the complications of symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI) during pregnancy of patients who were hospitalized. Methods: a total of 136 pregnant women with a clinical diagnosis of pyelonephritis were studied. The studied parameters were: age and parity of patients, gestational age of diagnosis, epidemiologic aspects, laboratory evaluation for UTI, treatment and clinic evolution, prophylaxis and complications. Results: pyelonephritis was diagnosed at the same proportions at all gestational ages. The incidence of UTI was higher among primigravidae. Only 29.3% of the pregnant women had a previous history of UTI; 57.0% were anemic and 93.0% had altered urinalysis. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent uropathogen (75.8% of cases), with low percentages of sensitivity to ampicillin (60.6%) and high percentages of sensitivity to cefuroxime (95,5%). The highest rate of clinical improvement was obtained for the pregnant women treated with cefuroxime (95.7%). Prophylaxis was needed in 11.0% of the patients. Preterm labor occurred in 33.3% of the pregnant women who delivered in our service and preterm delivery occurred in 18.9%. Conclusions: the present results support the need for an early diagnosis and effective treatment of UTI in pregnant women in order to prevent the frequent occurrence of perinatal complications such as premature labor and delivery. We emphasize the need of a periodical evaluation of the pattern of sensitivity of the etiologic agents to the antimicrobials allowed for use during pregnancy, with cefuroxime being adopted as the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of UTI during pregnancy.
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- 2002
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20. Incidência de cesáreas segundo fonte de financiamento da assistência ao parto
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Marta Edna Holanda Diógenes Yazlle, Juan Stuardo Yazlle Rocha, Maria Célia Mendes, Maristela Carbol Patta, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, and George Dantas de Azevedo
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Cesárea ,Parto ,Condutas na prática de médicos ,Hospitalização ,Seguro-saúde ,Incidência ,Sistemas pré-pagos de saúde ,Cobertura de serviços públicos de saúde ,Categoria de internação ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Estudar os tipos de partos de acordo com a categoria de internação da paciente, bem como as indicações de cesarianas mais freqüentemente referidas. MÉTODOS: A partir dos dados de um sistema de informações hospitalares, foi feita uma análise retrospectiva dos partos ocorridos no município de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 1986-1995. Foram estudados: tipo de parto, categoria de admissão e diagnósticos referidos. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 86.120 partos no período estudado, sendo 5,4% na categoria privada, 28,7% na categoria de pré-pagamento e 65,9% no sistema público (Sistema Único de Saúde -- SUS), observando-se uma diminuição nas categorias privada e SUS e aumento na categoria de pré-pagamento. A percentagem de cesáreas aumentou de 68,3% para 81,8% na categoria privada e de 69,1% para 77,9% na categoria pré-pagamento e diminuiu de 38,7% para 32,1% na categoria SUS. As principais indicações cesarianas referidas foram o sofrimento fetal, cujas incidências foram 9,5%, 10,9% e 9,0%, respectivamente, nas categorias particular, pré-pagamento e SUS; e distócia céfalo-pélvica cujas taxas foram 5,8%, 6,5% e 3,9%, respectivamente, nas mesmas categorias mencionadas. CONCLUSÃO: A incidência de cesariana variou segundo a categoria de internação, observando-se um gradiente crescente à medida que se elevou o padrão social das gestantes, não havendo correspondência com o risco obstétrico.
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- 2001
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21. Teste rápido para detecção da infecção pelo HIV-1 em gestantes
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Geraldo Duarte, Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Marina Carvalho Paschoini, Silvana Maria Quintana, and Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata
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AIDS ,Transmissão vertical ,Pré-natal ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Objetivos: avaliar os resultados do teste de diagnóstico rápido da infecção pelo HIV-1 disponibilizado pelo Ministério da Saúde, para identificação de gestantes contaminadas por este vírus. Métodos: avaliação prospectiva de 443 gestantes sem teste sorológico para HIV no pré-natal, atendidas no Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto-Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), entre fevereiro e junho de 2000. As amostras destas pacientes foram submetidas ao teste rápido imunocromatográfico, sendo comparadas com ELISA e confirmadas pela aglutinação. Resultados: dentre as 443 gestantes submetidas ao teste rápido (20,1% dos partos no período), 16 apresentaram resultados positivos (3,6%). Nenhuma amostra negativa pelo teste rápido foi positiva pelo ELISA. Entretanto, das 16 amostras positivas pelo teste rápido, duas foram negativas pelos testes confirmatórios. Logo, a sensibilidade do teste rápido foi de 100,0%, especificidade 99,5%, valor preditivo positivo 87,5% e valor preditivo negativo 100,0%. Conclusões: os resultados obtidos na avaliação do teste para o diagnóstico rápido da infecção pelo HIV-1 em gestantes revelaram sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos que o credenciam como recurso extremamente importante na indicação de medidas que reduzem a transmissão perinatal desse vírus.
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- 2001
22. Ducto venoso
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Geraldo Duarte, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Gerson Cláudio Crott, Carla Vitola Gonçalves, and Aderson Tadeu Berezowski
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Ducto Venoso. Gravidez. Avaliação. Feto. ,Medicine - Abstract
O ducto venoso é a continuação da veia umbilical com a veia cava inferior, e ele, posteriormente ao nascimento, oblitera-se, formando o ligamento venoso. Por meio dele, o sangue rico em oxigênio, proveniente da veia umbilical, chega ao átrio direito e a partir daí, pelo forame oval, ganha o átrio esquerdo e a circulação sistêmica, favorecendo o fluxo para órgãos vitais como o cérebro fetal. Em obstetrícia, a ultra-sonografia Doppler tem sido amplamente utilizada para se examinar o sistema arterial fetal. Recentemente, mais atenção tem sido dispensada ao sistema venoso. O estudo das ondas de velocidade de fluxo venoso pode desempenhar um papel importante na avaliação do bem-estar fetal, uma vez que a velocimetria do ducto venoso pode estar alterada na vigência de patologias fetais. A característica mais interessante é a redução ou fluxo reverso durante a contração atrial, comumente encontrada em fetos com defeitos cardíacos congênitos, arritmias, transfusão fetofetal grave e restrição de crescimento intra-útero. Este texto tem a finalidade de revisar as características anatômicas e funcionais do ducto venoso fetal, bem como a importância de sua avaliação ultra-sonográfica pré-natal.
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- 2001
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23. Doença de Crohn e gestação
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Cleusa Cascaes Dias, Luiz Ernesto Almeida Troncon, and Geraldo Duarte
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Doença de Crohn. Gravidez. Fertilidade. ,Medicine - Abstract
A doença de Crohn é uma enterite granulomatosa, transmural, crônica, de etiologia desconhecida que pode acometer qualquer parte do trato gastrintestinal, atingindo, preferencialmente, o íleo distal, os cólons e a região anorretal. Seu curso é variável, podendo ser de caráter indolente e prolongado, seguindo um padrão de exacerbações e remissões. A incidência da doença de Crohn aumentou nos últimos 30 anos e, na maioria dos casos, as manifestações clínicas iniciam-se na segunda e terceira décadas da vida, acometendo as mulheres em pleno período reprodutivo. O fator mais importante para o prognóstico gestacional, nessas mulheres, é a atividade da doença no início da gravidez. Complicações obstétricas como aborto espontâneo, parto pré-termo, malformações fetais e retardo de crescimento intra-útero, ocorrem com as recidivas da doença no período periconcepcional ou durante o primeiro trimestre gestacional. A evolução da doença de Crohn, durante a gestação, também dependerá da atividade da mesma, no início da gestação. Nesta revisão, os autores avaliaram os principais aspectos etiológicos, clínicos e terapêuticos da doença de Crohn durante a gravidez, discutindo detalhadamente os efeitos da doença sobre a gestação e as conseqüências da gravidez sobre a evolução dessa doença.
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- 2001
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24. Estudo Longitudinal de Variáveis Dopplervelocimétricas do Ducto Venoso Fetal em Gestações Normais
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Published
- 2002
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25. Incidência de cesáreas segundo fonte de financiamento da assistência ao parto
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Marta Edna Holanda Diógenes Yazlle, Juan Stuardo Yazlle Rocha, Maria Célia Mendes, Maristela Carbol Patta, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, and George Dantas de Azevedo
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cesarean section ,delivery ,physician`s practice patterns ,hospitalization ,insurance healthy ,incidence ,cesarean ,health maintenance organization ,state medical coverage ,admission category ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Estudar os tipos de partos de acordo com a categoria de internação da paciente, bem como as indicações de cesarianas mais freqüentemente referidas. MÉTODOS: A partir dos dados de um sistema de informações hospitalares, foi feita uma análise retrospectiva dos partos ocorridos no município de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 1986-1995. Foram estudados: tipo de parto, categoria de admissão e diagnósticos referidos. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 86.120 partos no período estudado, sendo 5,4% na categoria privada, 28,7% na categoria de pré-pagamento e 65,9% no sistema público (Sistema Único de Saúde -- SUS), observando-se uma diminuição nas categorias privada e SUS e aumento na categoria de pré-pagamento. A percentagem de cesáreas aumentou de 68,3% para 81,8% na categoria privada e de 69,1% para 77,9% na categoria pré-pagamento e diminuiu de 38,7% para 32,1% na categoria SUS. As principais indicações cesarianas referidas foram o sofrimento fetal, cujas incidências foram 9,5%, 10,9% e 9,0%, respectivamente, nas categorias particular, pré-pagamento e SUS; e distócia céfalo-pélvica cujas taxas foram 5,8%, 6,5% e 3,9%, respectivamente, nas mesmas categorias mencionadas. CONCLUSÃO: A incidência de cesariana variou segundo a categoria de internação, observando-se um gradiente crescente à medida que se elevou o padrão social das gestantes, não havendo correspondência com o risco obstétrico.
26. Grau de dilatação cervical e solicitação da analgesia regional por parturientes com membranas corioamnióticas íntegras e rotas
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Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, Licia Santos Santana, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Cristine Homsi Jorge Ferreira, and Silvana Maria Quintana
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analgesia ,assistance humanization ,labor ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Durante o processo de parturição, diversos fatores alteram a intensidade da dor, tais como a paridade, a rotura de membranas corioamnióticas, a dilatação cervical, bem como influências culturais e ambientais. Assim, os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar o número de requisições de analgesia regional e o grau de dilatação cervical no momento da solicitação da analgesia pelas parturientes com membranas corioamnióticas íntegras e aquelas com corioamniorrexe. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, com análise de 208 prontuários de parturientes primigestas, 129 com membranas corioamnióticas íntegras e 79 com corioamniorrexe, assistidas no Centro da Saúde da Mulher de Ribeirão Preto, SP, no período de novembro de 2008 a maio de 2009. Para análise estatística dos dados foram utilizados os testes de Mann-Whitney e o Qui-quadrado, com nível de significância p < 0,05 e intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: Foi solicitada analgesia regional por 87,9% das parturientes selecionadas para esta pesquisa. A média da dilatação cervical para as pacientes com membranas íntegras foi de 6,26 ± 1,67 cm e para aquelas com corioamniorrexe foi com dilatação de 6,11 ± 1,75 cm, não havendo diferença significativa entre esses dois grupos de parturientes (p = 0,12). Em relação ao tipo de analgesia, houve predomínio do duplo bloqueio, sem diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos avaliados (p = 0,84). CONCLUSÃO: A maioria das parturientes deste estudo solicitou analgesia regional tipo duplo bloqueio com em média 6 cm, de acordo com a dilatação cervical, não havendo diferença entre primigestas com membranas corioamnióticas rotas e íntegras.
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27. Antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and early neonatal life: consequences for HIV-exposed, uninfected children
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Patrícia El Beitune, Geraldo Duarte, Silvana Maria Quintana, Ernesto A. Figueiró-Filho, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, and Renata Abduch
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HIV-1 ,exposed ,infant ,consequences ,antiretroviral ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Women have emerged as the fastest growing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected population worldwide, mainly because of the increasing occurrence of heterosexual transmission. Most infected women are of reproductive age and one of the greatest concerns for both women and their physicians is that more than 1,600 infants become infected with HIV each day. Almost all infections are a result of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. With the advent of combination antiretroviral therapies, transmission rates lower than 2% have been achieved in clinical studies. Antiretroviral compounds differ from most other new pharmaceutical agents in that they have become widely prescribed in pregnancy in the absence of proof of safety. We reviewed antiretroviral agents used in pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus, mother-to-child transmission, and their consequences for infants.
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28. Diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer during pregnancy
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Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Geraldo Duarte, Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Mônia Steigleder Bianchi, Daison Dias, and Luis Cláudio de Velleca e Lima
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Uterine cervical neoplasms ,Uterine cervical dysplasia ,Diagnosis ,Treatment effectiveness ,Treatment protocols ,Pregnancy ,Medicine - Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: One third of all cervical carcinomas occur during the reproductive period. Cervical carcinoma is the second greatest cause of death due to cancer during this phase. The estimated frequency of cervical cancer during pregnancy is one case for every 1,000 to 5,000 pregnancies. The aim here was to provide information about the difficulties in diagnosing and managing cervical neoplasia during pregnancy. MATERIALS: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken through the PubMed, Cochrane, Excerpta Medica (Embase), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases, using the following words: pregnancy, cervical cancer, diagnosis and management. RESULTS: There was a consensus in the literature regarding diagnosis of cervical carcinoma and management of preneoplastic lesions during pregnancy. However, for management of invasive carcinoma, there was great divergence regarding the gestational age taken as the limit for observation rather than immediate treatment. CONCLUSION: All patients with cytological abnormalities should undergo colposcopy, which will indicate and guide biopsy. Conization is reserved for patients with suspected invasion. High-grade lesions should be monitored during pregnancy and reevaluated after delivery. In cases of invasive carcinoma detected up to the 12th week of pregnancy, patient treatment is prioritized. Regarding diagnoses made during the second trimester, fetal pulmonary maturity can be awaited, and the use of chemotherapy to stabilize the disease until the time of delivery appears to be viable.
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29. Perineal trauma after vaginal delivery in healthy pregnant women
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Larissa Santos Oliveira, Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito, Silvana Maria Quintana, Geraldo Duarte, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Lacerations ,Labor stage, second ,Postural balance ,Episiotomy ,Obstetrical forceps ,Medicine - Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Despite all the medical care provided during delivery labor, perineal injury is still prevalent and may lead to diverse pelvic floor disorders. The aim here was to investigate the prevalence of obstetric and anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in healthy pregnant women after vaginal delivery.DESIGN AND SETTING:Cross-sectional study involving 3,034 patients with singletons in a secondary hospital for low-risk cases.METHODS:A standardized questionnaire was prepared and applied to medical files that had been completely filled out (classification of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, RCOG) in order to identify OASIS and analyze risk factors associated with mild and severe perineal lacerations.RESULTS:The women's mean age was 25 years; more than half (54.4%) were primiparae. Almost 38% of the participants had perineal lacerations; these were severe in 0.9% of the cases. Previous vaginal delivery (odds ratio, OR: 1.64 [1.33-2.04]) and forceps delivery (OR: 2.04 [1.39-2.97]) were risk factors associated with mild perineal injuries (1st and 2nd OASIS classifications). Only remaining standing for prolonged periods during professional activity (OR: 2.85 [1.34-6.09]) was associated with severe perineal injuries.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of severe perineal injuries was concordant with data in the literature. The variable of standing position was considered to be a risk factor for severe perineal injury and should be further investigated.
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30. Localização da dor no início da fase ativa do trabalho de parto
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Licia Santos Santana, Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, Cristine Homsi Jorge Ferreira, Silvana Maria Quintana, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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pain evaluation ,pain location ,physical therapy ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Dor, sensação individual e multifatorial associada ou não à lesão tecidual, pode se influenciar por fatores psicológicos, biológicos, socioculturais e econômicos. Existem escalas e questionários que tornam possível localizá-la e mensurá-la, durante o trabalho de parto. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a região mais frequente da dor nas mulheres no início da fase ativa do trabalho de parto. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico que analisou 87 primigestas com idade gestacional superior a 37 semanas, dilatação cervical entre 4 e 5 cm com dinâmica uterina adequada para esta fase do trabalho de parto. Foram incluídas gestantes com trabalho de parto de início espontâneo, que não utilizaram fármacos durante este período e sem fatores de risco associado; para avaliar a dor, utilizou-se o diagrama corporal de localização e distribuição espacial da dor durante uma fase do trabalho de parto. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que, no início da fase ativa do trabalho de parto, a maior parte das pacientes relatou dor na região infrapúbica e lombar (78%) e a menor parte, apenas na região infrapúbica (20%) ou na região lombar (2%). CONCLUSÃO: A incidência da dor na fase ativa do trabalho do parto com dilatação cervical de 4 a 5 cm foi maior nas regiões infrapúbica e lombar.
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31. Efeito do banho de chuveiro no alívio da dor em parturientes na fase ativa do trabalho de parto
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Licia Santos Santana, Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, Cristine Homsi Jorge Ferreira, Silvana Maria Quintana, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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labor ,pain ,pain evaluation ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor no trabalho de parto é influenciada não apenas pelas características individuais das parturientes, mas também por suas experiências psicológicas e por fatores culturais, étnicos, sociais e ambientais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do banho de chuveiro no alívio da dor, durante a fase ativa do trabalho de parto. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico controlado, do tipo intervenção terapêutica, com 34 parturientes, admitidas no pré-parto para assistência ao processo de parturição, que receberam a terapêutica banho de chuveiro, por 30 minutos. Avaliou-se o grau de dor por meio da escala analógica visual (EAV). RESULTADOS: Pela EAV obteve-se um grau de 80 mm antes e 55 mm depois da terapêutica, havendo redução da dor das pacientes em trabalho de parto ativo, com dilatação cervical de 4 a 5 cm. CONCLUSÃO: Houve redução significativa da intensidade da dor pela EAV na fase ativa do trabalho de parto, após a aplicação da terapêutica do banho de chuveiro.
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32. Microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix in a 14-year-old adolescent: case report and literature review
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Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Silvana Maria Quintana, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Geraldo Duarte, Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa, Fabine Karam, and Mônia Steigleder Bianchi
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Uterine cervical neoplasms ,Colposcopy ,Papillomavirus infections ,Adolescent ,Uterine cervical diseases ,Medicine - Abstract
CONTEXT: Cancer of the uterine cervix is rare during adolescence. The reported rates are 0/100,000 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years and 1.7/100,000 women aged 20 to 24 years. However, several studies have shown increasing incidence of preneoplastic lesions at increasingly early ages. CASE REPORT: This paper reports a case of microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix in a 14-year-old patient with menarche at 10 years of age and first coitus at 12 years of age. The objective of the present report was to alert gynecologists and pediatricians regarding the need for cervical carcinoma prevention among sexually active adolescents, based on educational programs that explain the purpose of colpocytological examinations and encourage their use, along with condom use and limitation of the number of sexual partners.
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33. Swiss ball to relieve pain of primiparous in active labor
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Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, Licia Santos Santana, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, and Silvana Maria Quintana
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labor ,pain ,swiss ball ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The Swiss ball has been widely used in different health sectors. It is considered effective to relieve pain and to help labor evolution, however there are few studies. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of the Swiss ball on pain relief and active labor duration of primiparous.METHODS:This is a randomized and controlled study with 40 primiparous divided in control group and ball group, who carried out pelvic mobility exercises for 30 minutes during active labor. Pain was measured by the numeric categorical scale, before and after therapy, by an assistant researcher. Labor duration was investigated by means of the partograph.RESULTS:There has been significant pain decrease in the study group (p
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34. Severe Adams-Oliver Syndrome after Maternal COVID-19 Infection Could Be Another Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Inflammatory Storm? Case Report
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Geraldo Duarte, Conrado Sávio Ragazini, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, MARCOS MASARU OKIDO, and Conrado Coutinho
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Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,General Medicine ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine - Published
- 2022
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35. Enhanced elimination of betamethasone in dichorionic twin pregnancies
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Jhohann Richard de Lima Benzi, Stella Felippe de Freitas, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Geraldo Duarte, Luísa Helena de Castro Matos, Vera Lucia Lanchote, Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés, Grazielle de Fátima Pinto Rodrigues, and Maria Paula Marques
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Placenta ,Pregnancy Trimester, Third ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,Betamethasone ,Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate ,Pharmacokinetics ,Pregnancy ,Betamethasone acetate ,Humans ,Medicine ,PLACENTA ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Twin Pregnancy ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Preterm labour ,Infant, Newborn ,hemic and immune systems ,Chorion ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Pregnancy, Twin ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aims: No study has evaluated the BET pharmacokinetics in twin pregnancies separated by chorionicity. The aim this study is to describe and compare the BET pharmacokinetic parameters in singleton, dichorionic (DC) and monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: Twenty-six pregnant women received an intramuscular dose of 6 mg of BET sodium phosphate plus 6 mg BET acetate. Serial blood samples were collected for 24 hours after the first intramuscular BET esters dose. BET plasma concentrations were quantified using a validated HPLC analytical method. BET pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained employing a non-compartment model, and were compared using ANOVA’s test with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Correlations between clinical features and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation. Preliminary data on the BET placental transfer were also presented. Results: The geometric mean (IC 95%) of AUC0-∞ 670.0 (504.3-805.2) vs 434.9 (311.2-539.6) ng.h/mL and the CL/F 18.38 (13.84-22.65) vs 29.40 (21.17-36.69) were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in DC twin pregnancies compared to singleton. Others pharmacokinetic parameters did not differ among the groups. Conclusions: Data from this study suggest that the presence of two fetoplacental units may increase the BET metabolism by CYP3A4 enzyme and increase its elimination. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic clinical studies are needed to investigate whether this BET pharmacokinetic changes have clinical repercussions for the newborns and require dose adjustment in DC twin pregnancies.
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- 2021
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36. Wernicke Encephalopathy as a Complication of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Case Report
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Felipe Alves de Jesus, Estella Thaisa Sontag dos Reis, and Ênio Luis Damaso
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Adult ,Weakness ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anterograde amnesia ,Neurological disorder ,Diagnosis, Differential ,thiamine ,Hyperemesis gravidarum ,Prenatal Diagnosis ,medicine ,Humans ,case report ,Pregnancy ,Wernicke Encephalopathy ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Wernicke encephalopathy ,business.industry ,VITAMINAS ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Pregnancy Trimester, First ,RG1-991 ,hyperemesis gravidarum ,Female ,pregnancy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder resulting from vitamin B1 deficiency, which is common in chronic alcoholism. We report a rare case of WE due to hyperemesis gravidarum in a 25-year-old pregnant patient at 13 weeks and 5 days of gestation. Initially, the disease manifested as weakness, mental confusion, anterograde amnesia, and visual and auditory hallucinations. The diagnosis was established after the detection of suggestive findings of WE in the thalamus by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a rapid improvement in the patient's clinical status subsequent to treatment with thiamine. Hyperemesis is a rare cause of WE, which makes the reported case important in the literature and reinforces the need for attention in clinical practice to rare but important complications of this common condition (hyperemesis gravidarum).A encefalopatia de Wernicke (EW) é uma condição neurológica aguda resultada da deficiência de vitamina B1, muito comum em etilistas crônicos. Relatamos um caso de EW secundário a um quadro de hiperêmese gravídica em uma gestante de 25 anos de idade e 13 semanas e 5 dias de idade gestacional. Inicialmente essa desordem se manifestou como fraqueza, confusão mental, amnésia anterógrada, e alucinações auditivas e visuais. O diagnóstico foi estabelecido depois da detecção de achados sugestivos de EW na ressonância nuclear magnética e da melhora do quadro clínico com reposição de tiamina. A hiperêmese gravídica não é uma causa comum de EW, o que faz com que o presente relato de caso tenha importância na literatura e reforça a necessidade de atenção na prática clínica para complicações raras mas importantes desse quadro tão comum (hiperêmese gravídica).
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- 2020
37. Prediction of Preterm Birth by Maternal Characteristics and Medical History in the Brazilian Population
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Daniel Lober Rolnik, Silvana Maria Quintana, Geraldo Duarte, Fabricio da Silva Costa, and Ênio Luis Damaso
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,Logistic regression ,Risk Assessment ,lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics ,Young Adult ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Humans ,Medical history ,Young adult ,lcsh:RG1-991 ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Case-control study ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Case-Control Studies ,Cohort ,Premature Birth ,Gestation ,Female ,business ,EPIDEMIOLOGIA ,Brazil ,Research Article - Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of a previously published algorithm for first-trimester prediction of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) in a cohort of Brazilian women. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing routine antenatal care. Maternal characteristics and medical history were obtained. The data were inserted in the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) online calculator to estimate the individual risk of PTB. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of maternal characteristics on the occurrence of PTB. A receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to determine the detection rates and false-positive rates of the FMF algorithm in predicting PTB Results. In total, 1,323 women were included. Of those, 23 (1.7%) had a spontaneous PTB before 34 weeks of gestation, 87 (6.6%) had a preterm birth between 34 and 37 weeks, and 1,197 (91.7%) had a term delivery. Smoking and a previous history of recurrent PTB between 16 and 30 weeks of gestation without prior term pregnancy were significantly more common among women who delivered before 34 weeks of gestation compared to those who delivered at term were (39.1% vs. 12.0%, p=0.001 and 8.7% vs. 0%, p<0.001, respectively). Smoking and history of spontaneous PTB remained significantly associated with spontaneous PTB in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Significant prediction of PTB p=0.005), but the detection rates for fixed false-positive rates of 10% and 20% were poor (26.1% and 34.8%, respectively). Conclusions. Maternal characteristics and history in the first trimester can significantly predict the occurrence of spontaneous delivery before 34 weeks of gestation. Although the predictive algorithm performed similarly to previously published data, the detection rates are poor and research on new biomarkers to improve its performance is needed.
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- 2019
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38. Rho(D) Immune Globulin (anti-D) Concentration-Time Curve After Antenatal Immunoprophylaxis in RhD-Negative Pregnant Women
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Geraldo Duarte, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Ana Cláudia Rabelo e Silva, Flávia Leite Souza Santos, and Silvana Maria Quintana
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business.industry ,RhD negative ,Immunology ,Medicine ,Time curve ,business ,Rho(D) immune globulin ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objectives: To assess anti-D concentration through maternal indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) titers and scores after RhD-negative pregnant women receive antenatal anti-D until delivery. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Twenty-seven RhD-negative pregnant women were evaluated after receiving a prenatal anti-D dose around 28th week of pregnancy. Serial blood samples were collected at 3, 7, 21, 42, 63 and 84 days after anti-D administration. We performed IAT by conventional tube test (CTT) and gel microcolumn assay (GMA) to assess anti-D scores and titers. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software. Results: Anti-D had maximum scores values around 7 days after its administration, and scores were higher in GMA than CTT for all patients. Anti-D was detected at delivery in 59% of the participants by IAT performed in GMA. Overweight and obese pregnant women may present lower concentrations of anti-D. No correlation was found between maximum scores when comparing them with these variables: newborn RhD blood type; maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility and the number of pregnancies. Conclusions: Administering 300 μg of anti-D in 28th week of pregnancy should be compared in studies analyzing perinatal outcomes, since anti-D was not detectable in 41% of patients, suggesting a significant period without prophylaxis.
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- 2021
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39. COVID-19: Uncertainties from Conception to Birth
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Marise Samama, Rui Alberto Ferriani, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Karina de Sá Adami, Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri, and Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,MEDLINE ,Disease ,Prenatal care ,testis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Documentation ,Obstetrics and Gynaecology ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Pregnancy ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,COVID-19 ,Prenatal Care ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,medicine.disease ,Delivery, Obstetric ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ,Fertilization ,RG1-991 ,Female ,ovary ,pregnancy ,conception ,business ,Demography ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 - Abstract
Scientific information on the impact of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on the health of pregnant women, fetuses and newborns is considered of limited confidence, lacking good-quality evidence, and drawing biased conclusions. As a matter of fact, the initial impressions that the evolution of COVID-19 was no different between pregnant and non-pregnant women, and that SARS-CoV-2 was not vertically transmitted, are confronted by the documentation of worsening of the disease during pregnancy, poor obstetric outcomes, and the possibility of vertical transmission. The present article aims to compile the data available on the association of COVID-19 and reproductive events, from conception to birth.As informações científicas sobre o impacto do novo coronavírus, SARS-CoV-2, na saúde de gestantes, fetos e recém-nascidos são consideradas de confiabilidade limitada, sem evidências de boa qualidade, e levam a conclusões enviesadas. De fato, as impressões iniciais de que a evolução da Covid-19 não era diferente entre mulheres grávidas e não grávidas, e de que o SARS-CoV-2 não era transmitido verticalmente, são confrontadas pela documentação de agravamentos da doença durante a gravidez, resultados obstétricos negativos, e a possibilidade de transmissão vertical. Este artigo tem como objetivo compilar os dados disponíveis sobre a associação entre a Covid-19 e os eventos reprodutivos, desde a concepção até o nascimento.
- Published
- 2021
40. Sequential application of non-pharmacological interventions reduces the severity of labour pain, delays use of pharmacological analgesia, and improves some obstetric outcomes: a randomised trial
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Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, Geraldo Duarte, Licia Santos Santana, Silvana Maria Quintana, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Blinding ,Visual analogue scale ,Cervical dilation ,Analgesic ,Psychological intervention ,Non-pharmacological resources ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Labor pain ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,Pregnancy ,law ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Exercise ,Pain Measurement ,Analgesics ,FISIOTERAPIA ,Massage ,business.industry ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,Pregnancy Outcome ,Parturition ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Patient Satisfaction ,Physical therapy ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Question Among women in labour, does sequential application of non-pharmacological interventions relieve labour pain, shorten labour, and delay pharmacological analgesia use? Design Randomised trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. Participants Eighty women admitted in labour at the end of a low-risk pregnancy. Intervention Participants in the experimental group received three interventions for up to 40minutes each in particular stages of labour: exercise on a Swiss ball at 4 to 5cm of cervical dilation; lumbosacral massage at 5 to 6cm dilation; and a warm shower at >7cm dilation. Participants in the control group received usual maternity unit care. Participants in both groups were encouraged to try not to avoid or delay use of pharmacological analgesia. Outcome measures Pain severity was reported on a visual analogue scale. Maternal and neonatal data were collected from official birth records. Satisfaction with care was recorded with a questionnaire. Results Some participants took analgesic medication before the study was complete, so pain was analysed with a last observation carried forward approach. In this analysis, the experimental group had significantly lower pain severity immediately after: exercises (MD 24mm, 95% CI 15 to 34), massage (14mm, 95% CI 4 to 25), and showering (17mm, 95% CI 5 to 29), which allowed delayed and reduced use of analgesic medication. Other significant benefits included: faster expulsion (MD 18minutes, 95% CI 5 to 30), improved neonatal status, and higher maternal satisfaction. No adverse effects were identified. Conclusion This sequence of non-pharmacological interventions significantly reduced labour pain from 4cm to beyond 7cm of cervical dilation, as reflected in decreased and delayed use of analgesic medication. Women in labour could be encouraged to use these interventions, especially if they seek to minimise or delay use of analgesic medication. Trial registration NCT01389128. [Gallo RBS, Santana LS, Marcolin AC, Duarte G, Quintana SM (2018) Sequential application of non-pharmacological interventions reduces the severity of labour pain, delays use of pharmacological analgesia, and improves some obstetric outcomes: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 64: 33–40]
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- 2018
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41. Can increased resistance to uterine artery flow be a risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood? A prospective cohort study
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Viviane Cunha Cardoso, Marco Antonio Barbieri, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Silvana Maria Quintana, H. Bettiol, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Cristina Marta Del-Ben, and Marcos Masaru Okido
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prenatal diagnosis ,Pulsatility index ,Ultrasonography, Prenatal ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Second trimester ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,medicine.artery ,Odds Ratio ,Medicine ,Birth Weight ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Risk factor ,Foetal growth retardation ,Prospective cohort study ,Uterine artery ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Infant, Newborn ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,medicine.disease ,DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL ,Uterine Artery ,Maternal Exposure ,Neurodevelopmental Disorders ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Child, Preschool ,Pregnancy Trimester, Second ,Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ,Pulsatile Flow ,Female ,business - Abstract
A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine whether an increased uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) in the second trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental outcomes in children 2-3 years of age. A group of pregnant women with a UtA-PI below the 90th percentile (P90) and a second group with a UtA-PI ≥ P90 in the second trimester were included in this study. The children of these women were evaluated during their second or third year of life using the Bayley III Screening Test. A total of 858 pregnancies with UtA-PI P90 and 96 pregnancies with UtA-PI ≥ 90 were studied. The differences between the groups related to UtA-PI ≥ 90 were detected in relation to the variables of the Caucasian ethnicity, hypertension, newborn weight and stay in the intensive care unit after birth. However, adjusted neurodevelopmental outcomes did not differ between the groups: OR 0.53 (95% CI 0.27-1.04%). This study failed to demonstrate that the UtA-PI is a risk factor for adverse neurodevelopment in children.Impact statement
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- 2019
42. Influence of Religiosity on Situational Coping Scores in Women with Malformed Fetuses
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Celia Regina Vieira Souza Leite, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Paulo Henrique Martins, Ilmara Pereira Leão Duarte, Geraldo Duarte, and Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli
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Coping (psychology) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prenatal diagnosis ,Psychological Distress ,Care setting ,Religiosity ,Fetus ,Pregnancy ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Medicine ,Humans ,Spirituality ,Situational ethics ,General Nursing ,business.industry ,Public health ,Religious studies ,Ethics committee ,General Medicine ,Religion ,RELIGIÃO ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Pregnant Women ,business ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
In clinical care settings, religiosity may serve as an important source of support for coping with the prenatal diagnosis of fetal abnormalities. This study evaluated the influence of religiosity on the situational coping of 28 pregnant women with fetal abnormalities. The study was approved by the institutional research ethics committee, and the informed consent document was obtained from all participants included in this study. Validated measures of religiosity and situational coping were used to evaluate data collected. Practical religiosity but not intrinsic religiosity correlated positively and significantly with coping scores. However, the severity of the fetal malformations did not correlate significantly with the scores of maternal coping. The results showed that religious practices were associated with improved coping in women diagnosed with fetal abnormalities and should be encouraged in care settings.
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- 2019
43. A structurally normal fetus at the 11- to 14-week ultrasound does not guarantee a newborn without congenital anomalies: a cohort study
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Cavalli Rde C, Silvana Maria Quintana, Araujo Júnior E, Mario Sarti A Junior, Geraldo Duarte, and Marcos Masaru Okido
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Risk ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy, High-Risk ,030105 genetics & heredity ,Ultrasonography, Prenatal ,Congenital Abnormalities ,03 medical and health sciences ,Fetus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Gynecology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Ultrasound ,Infant, Newborn ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Pregnancy Trimester, First ,FETO ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,business ,Trisomy ,Brazil ,Cohort study - Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of maternal demographic characteristics and abnormal first-trimester sonographic markers on congenital anomalies (CAs) at birth when the fetus is structurally normal at the 11- to 14-week ultrasound.This prospective cohort study comprised high-risk women undergoing routine antenatal care. Detailed assessments of fetal anatomy and first-trimester sonographic markers were performed at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy. Multilevel regression analysis was used to determine the effects of maternal characteristics and abnormal first-trimester sonographic markers on the incidence of CA at birth.Three hundred and ten patients were evaluated, and 41 patients (13.2%) had an anomalous newborn. The presence of a specific indication at the first-trimester ultrasound (OR: 2.72; CI 95% 1.09-6.74) or a nuchal translucency (NT) thickness greater than 2.5 mm increased the risk of CA at birth by three fold (OR: 3.10; CI 95% 1.07-9.59). High adjusted risks for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 increased the likelihood of having a structurally abnormal newborn by five, twelve and six fold, respectively.Increased NT and/or high adjusted risks for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 increase the risk of CA at birth, even in fetuses with a structurally normal 11- to 14-week ultrasound scan.
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- 2016
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44. Development of caesarean section prediction models: secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study in two sub-Saharan African countries
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Olufemi T Oladapo, Lawal O. Oyeneyin, Kidza Mugerwa, Gleici da Silva Castro Perdona, João Paulo Souza, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, and Hayala Cristina Cavenague de Souza
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Reproductive medicine ,Logistic regression ,Nigeria ,Prediction models ,lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Childbirth ,Humans ,Caesarean section ,Uganda ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,lcsh:RG1-991 ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Decision support models ,Models, Statistical ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Cesarean Section ,Public health ,Research ,Area under the curve ,Parturition ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,CESÁREA ,Reproductive Medicine ,Female ,business ,Predictive modelling - Abstract
Background Caesarean section is recommended in situations in which vaginal birth presents a greater likelihood of adverse maternal or perinatal outcomes than normal. However, it is associated with a higher risk of complications, especially when performed without a clear medical indication. Since labour attendants have no standardised clinical method to assist in this decision, statistical tools developed based on multiple labour variables may be an alternative. The objective of this paper was to develop and evaluate the accuracy of models for caesarean section prediction using maternal and foetal characteristics collected at admission and through labour. Method This is a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization’s Better Outcomes in Labour Difficulty prospective cohort study in two sub-Saharan African countries. Data were collected from women admitted for labour and childbirth in 13 hospitals in Nigeria as well as Uganda between 2014 and 2015. We applied logistic regression to develop different models to predict caesarean section, based on the time when intrapartum assessment was made. To evaluate discriminatory capacity of the various models, we calculated: area under the curve, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity. Results A total of 8957 pregnant women with 12.67% of caesarean births were used for model development. The model based on labour admission characteristics showed an area under the curve of 78.70%, sensitivity of 63.20%, specificity of 78.68% and accuracy of 76.62%. On the other hand, the models that applied intrapartum assessments performed better, with an area under the curve of 93.66%, sensitivity of 80.12%, specificity of 89.26% and accuracy of 88.03%. Conclusion It is possible to predict the likelihood of intrapartum caesarean section with high accuracy based on labour characteristics and events. However, the accuracy of this prediction is considerably higher when based on information obtained throughout the course of labour.
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- 2019
45. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces pain and postpones the need for pharmacological analgesia during labour: a randomised trial
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Silvana Maria Quintana, Licia Santos Santana, Rubneide Barreto Silva Gallo, Cristine Homsi Jorge Ferreira, and Geraldo Duarte
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Blinding ,Adolescent ,Visual analogue scale ,Cervical dilation ,Pain relief ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,NERVOS PERIFÉRICOS ,Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Labour pain ,law ,Pregnancy ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,Humans ,Pain Management ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Physical therapy modality ,Pain Measurement ,Randomised controlled trial ,Labor Pain ,business.industry ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,Gestational age ,Labour analgesia ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Treatment Outcome ,Patient Satisfaction ,Anesthesia ,Physical therapy ,Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ,Female ,Analgesia ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Questions: In the active phase of the first stage of labour, does transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) relieve pain or change its location? Does TENS delay the request for neuraxial analgesia during labour? Does TENS produce any harmful effects in the mother or the foetus? Are women in labour satisfied with the care provided? Design: Randomised trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding for some outcomes, and intention-to-treat analysis. Participants: Forty-six low-risk, primigravida parturients with a gestational age > 37 weeks, cervical dilation of 4cm, and without the use of any medications from hospital admission until randomisation. Intervention: The principal investigator applied TENS to the experimental group for 30minutes starting at the beginning of the active phase of labour. A second investigator assessed the outcomes in both the control and experimental groups. Both groups received routine perinatal care. Outcome measures: The primary outcome was pain severity after the intervention period, which was assessed using the 100-mm visual analogue scale. Secondary outcomes included: pain location, duration of the active phase of labour, time to pharmacological labour analgesia, mode of birth, neonatal outcomes, and the participant's satisfaction with the care provided. Results: After the intervention, a significant mean difference in change in pain of 15mm was observed favouring the experimental group (95% CI 2 to 27). The application of TENS did not alter the location or distribution of the pain. The mean time to pharmacological analgesia after the intervention was 5.0hours (95% CI 4.1 to 5.9) longer in the experimental group. The intervention did not significantly impact the other maternal and neonatal outcomes. Participants in both groups were satisfied with the care provided during labour. Conclusion: TENS produces a significant decrease in pain during labour and postpones the need for pharmacological analgesia for pain relief. Trial registration: NCT01600495. [Santana LS, Gallo RBS, Ferreira CHJ, Duarte G, Quintana SM, Marcolin AC (2016) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces pain and postpones the need for pharmacological analgesia during labour: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 62: 29–34]
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- 2016
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46. Quality and safety: pathways to success of the redesign of the obstetric care model
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,OBSTETRÍCIA ,medicine ,RG1-991 ,Quality (business) ,Medical emergency ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,medicine.disease ,business ,media_common ,Obstetric care - Published
- 2015
47. Antepartum use of Epi-No birth trainer for preventing perineal trauma: systematic review
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito, Cristine Homsi Jorge Ferreira, Antonio Alberto Nogueira, and Geraldo Duarte
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Episiotomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Trainer ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,Perineum ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,Pregnancy ,law ,Statistical significance ,medicine ,Humans ,Gynecology ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Dilatation ,Obstetric Labor Complications ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Vagina ,Tears ,Gestation ,Female ,business - Abstract
In this systematic review we aimed to assess if the Epi-No birth trainer used during antepartum could prevent perineal trauma in nulliparous women. We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scielo, and Conference abstracts, looking for randomized controlled studies (RCT). High heterogeneity (i2 > 50 %) was corrected with random models. All studies were analyzed according to their quality and risk of bias. Nulliparous women or women whose previous pregnancy ended before 21 weeks’ gestation were included and the main outcome measures were: episiotomy rates, perineal tears, severe (3rd/4th) perineal tears, and intact perineum. Five studies were included (1,369 participants) for systematic review and two of them (932 participants) were eligible for meta-analysis. Epi-No did not reduce episiotomy rates (RR 0.92 [95%CI 0.75–1.13], n = 710, p =0.44; two studies; fixed model) and second stage of labor (MD −12.50 [95%CI −29.62, –4.62], n = 162, p = 0.54; one study; fixed model), and did not increase intact perineum (RR 1.15 [95 % CI 0.81–1.64], n = 705, p = 0.43; two studies; random model). No influence of Epi-No on reducing all perineal tears (RR 0.99 [95%CI 0.84–1.17], n = 705, p = 0.93, two studies; fixed model) or severe (3rd/4th) perineal tears (RR 1.31 [95%CI 0.72–2.37], n = 705, p = 0.38, two studies; fixed model). Mean birthweight of the Epi-No group was higher than that of the control group in both studies, with no statistical significance. Epi-No birth trainer is a device that did not reduce episiotomy rates and had no influence on reducing perineal tears.
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- 2015
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48. Rupture and dehiscence of uterine scar: cases study at a low-risk maternity in the Brazilian Southeast
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Silvana Maria Quintana, Marcos Masaru Okido, Aderson Tadeu Berezowski, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, and Geraldo Duarte
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Ruptura uterina ,Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,MORTALIDADE FETAL ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Uterine rupture ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,Dehiscence ,Morte fetal ,Surgery ,Vaginal birth after cesarean ,Fetal death ,Pregnancy ,Nascimento vaginal após cesárea ,RG1-991 ,medicine ,Gravidez ,Cesarean section ,Cesárea ,business - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Analisar os casos de rotura uterina e deiscência de cicatriz uterina ocorridos em uma maternidade de baixo risco e apontar possibilidades de aprimoramento na abordagem dessas complicações.MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo em uma maternidade de baixo risco com 30 leitos, que presta assistência às usuárias do sistema público de saúde. A investigação foi realizada por meio de busca dos casos em livros de registros de sala de parto e posterior leitura dos prontuários para coleta dos dados. As informações foram inseridas em formulário previamente elaborado para este estudo. Foram incluídos os casos de rotura uterina e deiscência de cicatriz uterina diagnosticados no período de 1998 a 2012, avaliados incidência, aspectos relacionados aos fatores de risco e diagnóstico, associação com o uso de misoprostol e ocitocina e desfechos observados.RESULTADOS: No período mencionado foram registrados 39.206 partos nessa instituição. A cesárea foi a conduta adotada em 10 mil partos, o que equivale a uma taxa de 25,5%. Foram identificados 12 casos de rotura uterina e 16 de deiscência de cicatriz uterina. Os resultados mais relevantes foram a alta mortalidade perinatal associada à rotura uterina e o insucesso no diagnóstico da complicação. Não foi possível demonstrar associações com o uso de misoprostol ou ocitocina.CONCLUSÃO: Os desfechos adversos da rotura uterina podem ser minimizados se esforços forem direcionados para melhorar o desempenho diagnóstico das equipes assistentes. PURPOSE: To evaluate the cases of uterine rupture and dehiscence of the uterine scar at a low-risk maternity and to point out possibilities for an improved approach to these complications.METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted at a 30-bed low-risk maternity hospital that provides care to users of the public health system. The investigation was carried out by searching for cases in the delivery room registry book and later reading the medical records in order to obtain the data. The information was inserted on a form previously elaborated for this study. Cases of uterine rupure and dehiscence of the uterine scar diagnosed from 1998 to 2012 were included, with the determination of incidence, aspects related to risk factors and diagnosis, association with the use of misoprostol and oxytocin, and the outcomes observed.RESULTS: A total of 39,206 deliveries were performed in this maternity during the study period, with 12 cases of uterine rupture and 16 cases of dehiscence of uterine scar being observed. The most relevant results were a high perinatal mortality associated with uterine rupture and the unsuccessful diagnosis of this complications. It was not possible to demonstrate an association with the use of misoprostol or oxytocin.CONCLUSION: The adverse outcomes of uterine rupture could be minimized if efforts were directed at improving the diagnostic performance of the assisting teams.
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- 2014
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49. Até quando o Brasil será conhecido como o país da cesárea?
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Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,Section (typography) ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2014
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50. Perdas de oportunidades na prevenção do câncer de colo uterino durante o pré-natal Missed opportunities for cervical cancer prevention during prenatal care
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Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Geraldo Duarte, Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa, Silvana Maria Quintana, and Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
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Prevention of cervical cancer ,Assistência pré-natal ,Prevenção do câncer do colo uterino ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Assessing the quality of healthcare ,Prenatal care ,Avaliação da qualidade dos cuidados de saúde ,Desigualdades em saúde ,Health inequalities - Abstract
A gravidez representa uma excelente oportunidade para prevenção do carcinoma cervical, já que o exame ginecológico faz parte da rotina de pré-natal. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, no qual foram entrevistadas 445 puérperas utilizando-se questionários padronizados. A prevalência de CP atualizado era de 38,9% no início da gestação, chegando a 59,1% no puerpério (p>0,001). As puérperas com 19 anos ou menos, não brancas, com escolaridade inferior a onze anos, com renda familiar inferior a um salário mínimo, sexarca aos 15 anos ou menos, início do pré-natal após o primeiro trimestre e com o acompanhamento no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) apresentaram menor cobertura do citopatológico. Na análise ajustada, essas variáveis não mostraram significância associada à cobertura do citopatológico. Entretanto, a realização do pré-natal mostrou uma tendência à melhora da cobertura do CP com razão de prevalência de 1,18 (95%CI: 0,98-1,42). O serviço local de saúde mostrou-se pouco efetivo, revelando a necessidade de aumentar a cobertura do citopatológico, motivando e capacitando os profissionais quanto à importância dos procedimentos da rotina pré-natal.Pregnancy constitutes an excellent opportunity for the prevention of cervical carcinoma since the gynecological examination is part of routine prenatal care. A transversal study was conducted in which a total of 445 postnatal women were interviewed using standardized questionnaires. The prevalence of an up-to-date cytopathological exam was 38.9% at the beginning of pregnancy, reaching 59.1% during the postnatal period (p>0.001). Postnatal women aged 19 years or less, non-white, with less than 11 years schooling, family income of less than one minimum wage, sexually active at 15 years of age or less, with the beginning of prenatal care after the 1st trimester, and receiving prenatal care at healthcare units of the Unified Health System had a lower prevalence of cytopathological examination. Adjusted analysis revealed that the variables under study were not significantly associated with cytopathological coverage, though the incidence of prenatal care showed a prevalence ratio of 1.18 (95% CI: 0.98-1.42). The local health service proved ineffective, recvealing the need to increase cytopathological coverage and train health professionals regarding the importance of routine prenatal procedures.
- Published
- 2011
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