Search

Creating an innovation environment is shown in the context of interaction of economic agents in the creation and consumption of innovative value-based infrastructure approach. The problem of the complexity of collecting heterogeneous data on the formation and distribution of innovative value in the conditions of the dynamic nature of the research object and the environment is formulated. An information model providing a subject-independent representation of data on innovation value flows is proposed and allows to automate the processes of data collection and analysis with the minimization of time costs. The article was prepared in the course of carrying out research work within the framework of the project part of the state task in the field of scientific activity in accordance with the assignment 26.2758.2017 / 4.6 for 2017-2019. on the topic “System for analyzing the formation and distribution of the value of innovative products based on the infrastructure concept”.

The aim of the work was compare the concentration the of toxic and essential elements in the sperm plasma and blood serum of stallions. Sperm plasma and serum were collected from 39 Arabian stallions, aged 5 to 15 years. Concentration of toxic elements [aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), mercury (Hg)] and essential elements (boron (B), lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), strontium (Sr) and vanadium (V)) in the sperm plasma and serum were determined by atomic emission and mass spectrometry (AES-ICP and MS-ICP) using an mass spectrometer Elan 9000 (Perkin Elmer, USA) and an atomic emission spectrometer Optima 2000V (Perkin Elmer, USA). It is established that the concentration of toxic and essential elements in the sperm plasma is higher than in serum. The greatest difference between the average concentrations of elements in the sperm plasma and serum was set for Sr - 252.9 times, Hg - 85.1 times and Al - 20.7 times. The minimum difference between the average concentrations in the sperm plasma and serum was set for B - 0.3 times, Li - 1.1 times and As - 1.8 times. For the remaining elements, the difference between the averages was in the range 2.7 - 8.5 times. It can be assumed that a greater amount of toxic and essential elements accumulate in the accessory gonads and enter the sperm during ejaculation. Authors acknowledge financial support from Russian Science Foundation, Grant No: 17-16-01109, development program of Bioresource collections “Cryobank of genetic recourses the All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding.”

Composite materials based on Ti2NiCu alloy, exhibiting shape memory effect (SME), have the unique capability of temperature-controlled reversible actuation on micro- and nanoscale. Three approaches to realizing this objective are demonstrated. The first one involves creating an amorphous-crystalline composite by passing accurately controlled electrical pulses through a rapidly-quenched amorphous Ti2NiCu ribbon. After undergoing partial crystallization (40–60% of crystalline phase), the composite acquires SME, and can be trained to undergo reversible deformations by a single bend in the martensitic condition. The second approach involves a layered composite consisting of a layer of Ti2NiCu and an elastic metallic layer, such as Pt. It is found that the reversible deformation of the Ti2NiCu/Pt composite created by FIB milling is >1%, when the thickness of SME layer is reduced from 1 μm to 100 nm. Further reduction (below 100 nm) results in smaller deformation. The third approach combines these two methods. A layer of crystalline Ti2NiCu is covered by a layer of the same alloy in the amorphous state using FIB. The authors believe that these composites, exhibiting SME, will trigger the fabrication of many novel devices and open up new opportunities in diverse areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

In our increasingly globalised world, the study of impediments to international trade is of interest to the field of international economics. This paper focuses on the particular problem of speedy and accurate processing of customs declarations. We present a novel use of graph based spreading activation algorithm for the automated processing of customer declarations for commercial goods, based on supervised learning. This method allows us to build recommender systems for use by customs officers, traders, carriers and insurers. We examine the particular use case of the recommendation to assign or not assign an armed escort to a shipping vehicle in cases of elevated risk of theft. In contrast to the usual risk based approach, this algorithm is trained solely on shipment data rather than on traditional risk indicators. This is useful as the recommendation to customs officials can be explained in terms of the make-up of a shipment and can be verified in real-time. The feasibility of the approach was tested by application to 2500 custom records collected during a continuous period of one month at eight border checkpoints between Russian Federation and two EU countries. The algorithm achieved 100 % accuracy under experimental conditions.