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Background: Significantly lower quality of life in transplanted patients has been reported in the domains of physical functioning, pain and health. [1] Aims: Are there any statistically significant difference among patients after lung transplantation and the general population in: 1) intensity, nature and quality of the pain 2) degree of the pain which interferes with the performance of various activities. Method: A prospective trial was conducted from Apr to Aug 2017 on a sample of patients after lung transplantation(N=30) and individuals from the general population–control group(N=30), to determine presence of pain in patients after lung transplantation. Criteria for the selection of transplanted patients: monitored by our clinic, 18–65 years of life, criteria for the control group to suit a group of transplanted by: age, sex and education. We used the following measuring instruments: painDETECT, Brief Pain Inventory. Results: 1)There was a statistically significant difference in the nature of the pain between study and control group, but no significant difference in intensity and quality of pain. 2)Brief Pain Inventory equally has been perceived by study and control groups. Conclusion: Transplanted patients had presence of pain that was different in its nature, but degree of the pain which interferes with the performance of various activities does not show statistically significant differences between the study and control group. Perhaps it can be assumed due to the strict rules of the lifestyle after lung transplantation in these patients, but further research are needed.

Introduction: Fear affects the mental state of the patient during invasive and therapeutic procedures. Can we intervene in the development of anxiety? Objective: 1) How many patients had the presence of fear and worry before bronchoscopy, 2) How many patients had the presence of stress after bronchoscopy, which segments were most feared, 3) How many patients reported that they would want more oral than written instructions about the procedure Methods: Data were collected from three months, the target group were all patients who came to the diagnostic bronchoscopy in Clinic for lung disease (N=50). Anonymous survey was conducted on a sample of 50 subjects, both sexes. We used Likert9s five-stage scale for stress and fear where 1 means no stress or fear, and 5 the strongest intensity of stress or fear. Results: 1) Prior to the procedure, respondents reported the level of fear 3=40% and level 4=30%, all participants were concerned about the procedure 100% (N=50), 2) After the procedure, respondents reported the level of stress 3=54% and level 4=12%, 60% of respondents reported fear due to the passage of the instrument through the throat (N=50). 3) 92% respondents find it more useful to have oral information about the procedure (N=50). Conclusion: Fear is the reason for the heavy submission of the diagnostic procedure bronchoscopy. Based on the results we came to the conclusion that active listening and counseling can reduce anxiety. Further work should focus on conversation nurses with the patients, more detail verbally explains the principle of the procedure, learn the breathing exercises and monitor nonverbal communication in conversation with the patients.

Introduction: Aims of the research was to determine: 1)The distribution of respondents by categories OSA according to measured value AHI, 2)OSA in interaction with specific cardiovascular outcomes. Method: These are the results for the year 2008 to 2010. The target group were all patients who came to the OSA treatment (N=277). OSA has been defined as negative AHI30. In each respondents, we recorded the AHI, BMI, age, sex, comorbidities. AHI is a result of polysomnography (PSG). All respondents made a complete full night PSG (ALICE IV or LE 5 Respironics). Results: 1)The distribution of respondents by categories OSA according to measured value AHI ; respondents with AHI30(32%) (N=277). 2)Display distribution of respondents by categories OSA according to measured value AHI with certain medical conditions (N=277): arterial hypertension ; AHI30(82%), cor hypertonicum ; AHI30(19%), history of myocardial infarction ; AHI30(7%), history of stroke ; AHI30(6%). Conclusion: We have demonstrated a high prevalence OSA in respondents. We noted that arterial hypertension and cor hypertonicum were in correlation with the degree of OSA. History of myocardial infarction and stroke reach their peak in study group with AHI 15–30, although this conditions were much higher present in overall respondents with OSA compered to respondents without OSA. We have confirmed by increasing degree of OSA increases the percentage of specific cardiovascular outcomes.

Introduction: Hypoventilation is by definition inadequate breathing which causes hypoxia during the procedure. Breathing exercises are important for faster saturation return. Objective: The nurse will teach the patient to concentrate on calm breathing. The nurse will teach the patient breathing exercises according to the guidelines of American Thoracic Society guidelines - Pursed Lip Breathing (PLB). The nurse recognizes the risk of hypoxia and will apply breathing exercises if significant desaturation (SaO2

Nursing education in the Republic of Croatia is conducted at the secondary and higher education levels (post-secondary and tertiary). Croatian nursing education is in line with the recommendations of European Directives 2005/36/EC [1] and 2013/55/EU [2]. High school (secondary level) education lasts for 5 years; after graduation, students are awarded the title “general care nurse” [3].

Introduction: Communication in multidisciplinary team it is necessary to assess the risk of interventional bronchoscopy. Objective: 1) Display of patient safety for interventional bronchoscopy, 2) Display complications during the procedure, 3) Display of complications after the procedure. Methods: Data were collected during 2016.g. The target group were all patients who came to interventional bronchoscopy at the Clinic for lung disease (N=90). We used anaesthesia, physicians and nursing documentation to assess the safety of patients during and after bronchoscopy. We collected data: bleeding, bronchospasm, infection, death, withdrawal of the procedure. Results: 1) Assessment of patients safety: 5% of patients did not continue procedures for established risk (N=90), 2) Display of complications during the procedure: 40% of patients had mild bleeding, 5% patient had severe bleeding (N=85), 3) Display of complications after procedure: 2% of patients had bronchospasm, there were none reports of any cases of infection and death. Conclusion: Team work represents an essential segment of the quality of professional activity for the purpose of patient safety.

Introduction: What are the problems which lead to reduced quality of life in patients with COPD, is it psychological factor Objective: Aims of the study were to determine 1) What were the most common reasons that patients seek-ed for help from medical personnel, 2) Distribution of patients how were successfully informed by the nurses about COPD, 3) Distribution of patients who had panic attack in episodes breathlessness, 4) Distribution of patients who had presented fear, 5) How many COPD patients stated that basic disease affects the planning of future activities. Methods: Data were collected from May to September 2014. The target group were all patients who treatment for COPD in the Clinic for lung disease (N = 41). It was used a form of nursing documentation. Data were collected during hospitalization. In each patient, we collected data on sex, age, symptoms of the disease states the patient, information on the disease, the impact of the disease on planning activities, fear of the worsening of the disease. Results: 1) 71% of patients had dyspnea as the most common symptom, 17% cough, 12% expectoration (N=41), 2) 78% of patients reported that were partially informed by the nurses and 22% of patients were fully informed (N=41). 3) 78% of respondents reported that they had felt panic fear (N=32), 4) 85% of respondents claims that they have fear for possible worsening of the disease (N=35), 5) 66% of respondents believed that the disease makes it difficult to plan future activities (N=27). Conclusion: We have demonstrated that dyspnea is rezone which patients seek-ed help from medical personnel. Guidelines for nurses for further work needs to be based on fully education of the patients about their disease.