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The lipid composition, presence of the biologically active substances and ability of lipids to the spontaneous aggregation in the water medium of the winter garlic (Allium sativum L.) was studied by TLC, UV-spectrometry with the Gauss mathematic analysis of spectra and dynamic light scattering methods It is shown that share of the more easily oxidizable fractions in the garlic phospholipids is 2.45 times greater than that for the more poorly oxidizable fractions. Mathematic analysis of the UV-spectra of the lipids solution in chloroform revealed the presence of compounds with a conjugated couple bonds and ketodienes and confirmed the literature data about absence of flavonoids. The hydrophilic biologically active compounds are found in a polar phase during extraction of lipids. Analysis of UV-spectrum of 20-hydroxyekdizone in chloroform which is detected in the garlic lipids was done. It was determined the substantial maximum absorption band shift of sterols in UV-spectra of the garlic lipids testifies to their participation with sphigolipids in the raft formation that is due to form of particles with the average diameters 160 nm and the low absolute value of ξ-potential from the garlic lipids in the water medium., Изучены состав липидов, наличие биологически активных веществ и способность липидов к спонтанной агрегации в водной среде озимого чеснока (Allium sativum L.), используя методы ТСХ, УФ-спектрометрии с математической обработкой спектров по Гауссу и динамическое рассеяние света. Показано, что в составе фосфолипидов чеснока суммарная доля более легкоокисляемых фракций в 2.45 раза выше, чем более трудноокисляемых фракций. Математическая обработка УФ-спектров раствора липидов в хлороформе выявила наличие соединений с сопряженными двойными связями и кетодиенов и подтвердила данные литературы об отсутствии флавоноидов. Гидрофильные биологически активные соединения в процессе выделения липидов остаются в полярной фазе. Проанализирован УФ-спектр в хлороформе присутствующего в липидах чеснока 20-гидроксиэкдизона. Обнаружен существенный сдвиг максимума его полосы поглощения в УФ-спектре липидов чеснока, что свидетельствует об участии растительных стеринов в образовании рафтов и обусловливает формирование липидами чеснока в водной среде частиц со средним диаметром 160 нм и низкой абсолютной величиной ξ-потенциала.

The composition of lipids isolated from leaves and juice of A. arborescens (7 years ago) and the inhibitory efficiency of lipids from leaves of A. arborescens were studied. The phospholipid (PL) fractions were divided by means of TLC method. The quantitative proportion of PL fractions was determined by spectrophotometrically. The more substantial differences in the composition of PL from leaves and juice of A. arcorescens are revealed in the proportion of the more poorly oxidizable fractions of PL. The more low relative content of PL in the total lipid composition from leaves compared with than in lipids from juice, and shares of sterols are the same for lipids from leaves and juice cause 16% diminution of the molar ratio of [sterols]/[PL] in lipids from juice of A. arborescens. Lipids from leaves are known to characterize the high inhibitory efficiency that is demonstrated by model of the low temperature autoxidation of methyl oleate in the thin layer. Using UV-spectroscopy and the mathematic analysis of spectra by Gauss method the presence of the biologically active substances which contain in lipids was analysed. There are only flavonoids in the chloroform solution of lipids from juice and flavonoids and carotenoids in the small quantity in the chloroform solution of lipids from the leaves of A. arborescens.