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To develop a joint proposal for screening criteria of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and vice versa, which serves as a guidelines in patient referral between the Rheumatology and Pneumology departments to early detection of these patients.A systematic literature review was carried out on the risk factors for the development of ILD in RA patients, and for the referral criteria to Rheumatology for suspected early RA. Based on the available evidence, screening criteria were agreed using the Delphi method by a panel of pneumologists and rheumatologists with expertise in these pathologies.Screening criteria for ILD in patients with RA and for the early detection of RA in cases with ILD of unknown etiology have been developed. In both cases, a detection strategy was based on clinical risk factors. Recommendations also included the complementary tests to be carried out in the different clinical scenarios and on the periodicity that screening should be repeated.A selective screening strategy is recommended for the first time in the early diagnosis of patients with ILD-RA. This multidisciplinary proposal aims to solve some common clinical questions and help decision-making, although its usefulness to identify these patients with good sensitivity must be confirmed in a validation study.

Self-knowledge strengthens abilities and skills, gives direction and meaning to a person's life, and improves his behavior and attitudes in the same way that it allows the individual to achieve goals and objectives. This study aims to reduce job dissatisfaction through self-knowledge and contribute to improving the work environment through self-knowledge. When the individual does not know himself, his aspirations, goals, strengths and weaknesses, motivations, when he does not have a life project and does not know what he wants, why he reacts in a or another way, therefore, the individual acts without responsibility for blaming someone or something else for what happens to him and this affects his daily life and therefore, the organizational climate. The main objective of this study was to know how self-knowledge affects the improvement of the organizational climate using tools from the semiology of everyday life model to diagnose the harmony and fullness of the workers and simultaneously diagnose the organizational climate, analyzing the results of a multivariate statistical analysis where we observe what aspects should be considered to improve people's quality of life and thereby contribute to improving the organizational climate by reducing dissatisfaction and raising people's quality of life. This study allowed us to see that physical and emotional health are essential for attention.

En los últimos años la educación ha tenido cambios y los avances tecnológicos han dado una mirada distinta a la manera de enseñar y de aprender, por lo que lo tradicional ha sido ajustado a lo novedoso e innovador de las herramientas tecnológicas, dando paso a la educación virtual, que fue reforzado por la emergencia sanitaria vivida en los últimos años. En este estudio se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los fundamentos y de las investigaciones realizadas de la educación tradicional y la educación virtual. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran que la educación tradicional fue la manera como se entendió el sistema educativo durante muchos años, y paulatinamente se fueron incorporando algunos recursos tecnológicos que hicieron cambios en la manera de entender el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, hasta que en los últimos años, debido a la pandemia se dio paso a la educación virtual, que aunque tiene muchas ventajas para la enseñanza, aún tiene un camino que recorrer para hacer las mejoras correspondientes en la utilización y acceso para todos los involucrados. Se concluye que aún hay retos que afrontar en la educación para que la calidad de enseñanza se mantenga, haciendo el uso respectivo de los recursos disponibles.

Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) ultrasound has proven to be a useful tool for the detection of intracranial hypertension (IH). The ONSD values, in patients with cessation of cerebral blood flow (CCBF), has not been clarified yet. Objective Establish an association between ONSD and CCBF in neurocritical patients admitted to an ICU. Patients and methods Cross-sectional study of patients admitted in a third level ICU, between April 2017 and April 2018, with neurological pathology. ONSD ultrasound was performed in the first 24 hours and as the patient was diagnosed of CCBF. The ONSD values of patients with and without diagnosis of CCBF were compared. Results 99 patients were included, 29 of whom showed CCBF in transcranial Doppler. The ONSD measurement did not demonstrate significant differences between both groups, 6,59 ± 0,75 in the group with CCBF and 6,39 ± 0,56 in the group without CCBF p=0.141. Conclusion In our study, ONSD values capable of recognizing CCBF were not identified.

Así como la corriente periodística, denominada Nuevo periodismo, nacida en los Estados Unidos, en América Latina distintos periodistas y escritores utilizaron herramientas de géneros literarios para escribir crónica, manteniendo los principios y prácticas propias del periodismo, lo que se llama Nuevo periodismo latinoamericano. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar y describir características narrativas y técnicas de reporteo de determinadas crónicas del Nuevo periodismo latinoamericano, entre los años 2000 y 2012, a partir del trabajo de destacados maestros de la Fundación Gabo2. Es una investigación aplicada con enfoque cualitativo, de nivel descriptivo. El diseño es no experimental. La muestra no aleatoria está conformada por 10 crónicas que cumplen con cuatro requisitos: tienen una extensión de 2500 palabras o más; describen una persona, conjunto de personas o lugar; describen un aspecto extraordinario de un personaje ordinario o un aspecto ordinario de un personaje famoso; y describen una realidad particular que permite comprender una realidad universal.

Recent data show that a Glasgow-Blatchford Bleeding Score (GBS)gt;2 does not identify patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding who benefit from inpatient esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). This study aimed to determine the rate of endoscopic hemostatic interventions (HI) in patients with nonvariceal acute GI bleeding (NVAUGIB) admitted with a GBSgt;2. Secondary aims included comparison of clinical outcomes in patients with and without HI and cost of nontherapeutic EGDs.We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of patients admitted to a referral hospital for NVAUGIB from January 2015 to December 2017. Mortality, blood transfusion rates, length of stay, length of intensive care unit stay, and cost of a nontherapeutic EGD were outcomes of interest. Patients 18 years of age and older of both sexes were included. The accuracy of the GBSgt;2 cutoff was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.A total of 357 patients were included and only 58 (16.2%) required HI. The area under the curve for GBSgt;2 as a predictor of HI was 0.57. The performance of HI did not influence mortality (iP =/i0.33), blood transfusion rates (iP =/i0.51), length of stay (iP =/i0.2), or length of intensive care unit stay (iP =/i0.36). The estimated cost of performing nontherapeutic EGD was approximately $855,000 for the 299 patients who did not need HI.A GBS cutoff ofgt;2 is not an accurate criterion to triage patients with NVAUGIB for inpatient emergent EGD. More clinically meaningful and cost-effective methods to triage these patients are necessary.

Assess the safety and efficacy of upcoming stem cell treatments and analyze their effects on the cognitive and behavioral impairments in patients diagnosed with autism. We included controlled and noncontrolled, randomized and non-randomized trials evaluating stem cell therapy as a treatment in patients with autism spectrum disorder compared to placebo or without comparator. Data Sources: Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and EMBASE. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool and the NIH’s Quality Assessment Tool for Studies With No Control Group. Eleven trials including 461 patients proved eligible. ABC scale meta-analysis showed a mean raw of -11.97 in the intervention groups (95 % CI -91.45 to 67.52, p

The marine environment is highly diverse, each living creature fighting to establish and proliferate. Among marine organisms, cyanobacteria are astounding secondary metabolite producers representing a wonderful source of biologically active molecules aimed to communicate, defend from predators, or compete. Studies on these molecules’ origins and activities have been systematic, although much is still to be discovered. Their broad chemical diversity results from integrating peptide and polyketide synthetases and synthases, along with cascades of biosynthetic transformations resulting in new chemical structures. Cyanobacteria are glycolipid, macrolide, peptide, and polyketide producers, and to date, hundreds of these molecules have been isolated and tested. Many of these compounds have demonstrated important bioactivities such as cytotoxicity, antineoplastic, and antiproliferative activity with potential pharmacological uses. Some are currently under clinical investigation. Additionally, conventional chemotherapeutic treatments include drugs with a well-known range of side effects, making anticancer drug research from new sources, such as marine cyanobacteria, necessary. This review is focused on the anticancer bioactivities of metabolites produced by marine cyanobacteria, emphasizing the identification of each variant of the metabolite family, their chemical structures, and the mechanisms of action underlying their biological and pharmacological activities.

Sisal wool condition is a skin disease affecting Merino sheep in the Argentine Patagonia region. Corynebacterium spp. isolates have previously been isolated from skin swabs from lesions, while specific identification of the bacteria involved has not been reported.The aim of this work was to characterize the bacterial agent isolated from sisal wool lesions and to develop a diagnostic method for field surveillance.Molecular identification of a collection of 72 isolates obtained previously was performed using PCR and 16S rRNA and rpoB sequencing. A field survey was carried out on two farms in the Río Negro province of Argentine Patagonia. Swab samples from sheep with and without skin lesions were collected and analysed by PCR and culture.Isolates analysed were confirmed by sequencing as Corynebacterium bovis. Using a PCR test without culture step, all field samples from affected sheep were positive for C. bovis; samples from the healthy skin from the same animals or clinically healthy sheep all were negative.Sisal wool skin disease was associated with C. bovis infection based on culture and PCR methods; the latter may be useful for helping to pursue a disease control strategy.La dermatose de la laine de sisal est une maladie de peau affectant les moutons mérinos dans la région de la Patagonie argentine. Les souches de Corynebacterium spp. ont été auparavant isolées à partir d'écouvillons cutanés de lésions, alors que l'identification spécifique des bactéries impliquées n'a pas été rapportée. HYPOTHÈSES/OBJECTIFS: Le but était de caractériser l'agent bactérien isolé des lésions et de développer une méthode de diagnostic pour la surveillance de terrain. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: L'identification moléculaire d'une collection de 72 isolats obtenus précédemment a été réalisée par PCR et séquençage de l'ARNr 16S et rpoB. Une enquête de terrain a été menée dans deux fermes de la province de Río Negro en Patagonie argentine. Des écouvillons de moutons présentant des lésions cutanées ont été prélevés et analysés par PCR et culture. RÉSULTATS: Les isolats analysés ont été confirmés par séquençage comme Corynebacterium bovis. En utilisant un test PCR sans étape de culture, tous les échantillons prélevés sur le terrain provenant de moutons affectés étaient positifs pour C. bovis ; les échantillons de peau saine des mêmes animaux ou de moutons cliniquement sains étaient tous négatifs.La dermatose de laine de sisal a été associée à une infection à C. bovis sur la base des méthodes de culture et de PCR ; ce dernier peut être utile pour aider à poursuivre une stratégie de lutte contre la maladie.INTRODUCCIÓN: La condición de la lana de sisal es una enfermedad de la piel que afecta a los ovinos Merino en la región de la Patagonia Argentina. Aislados de Corynebacterium spp. se han obtenido previamente de hisopos de lesiones cutáneas, mientras que no se ha informado la identificación específica de las bacterias involucradas. HIPÓTESIS/OBJETIVOS: El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar el agente bacteriano aislado de lesiones de lana de sisal y desarrollar un método de diagnóstico para la vigilancia en campo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: La identificación molecular de una colección de 72 aislamientos obtenidos previamente se realizó mediante PCR y secuenciación de rRNA 16S y rpoB. Se realizó un estudio de campo en dos fincas de la provincia de Río Negro en la Patagonia argentina. Se recolectaron muestras de hisopos de ovejas con lesiones en la piel y se analizaron mediante PCR y cultivo. RESULTADOS: Los aislamientos analizados fueron confirmados por secuenciación como Corynebacterium bovis. Usando una prueba de PCR sin paso de cultivo, todas las muestras de campo de las ovejas afectadas fueron positivas para C. bovis; todas las muestras de piel sana de los mismos animales o de ovejas clínicamente sanas fueron negativas. CONCLUSIONES Y RELEVANCIA CLÍNICA: la enfermedad de la piel de la lana de sisal se asoció con la infección por C. bovis según los métodos de cultivo y PCR; este último método puede ser útil para ayudar a seguir una estrategia de control de enfermedades.Eine Beeinträchtigung der Sisalwolle kommt bei Merinoschafen in der Region des argentinischen Patagoniens vor. Corynebacterium spp. wurde schon zuvor von Hauttupfern dieser Läsionen isoliert, während eine spezifische Identifizierung der beteiligten Bakterien noch nicht veröffentlicht wurde.Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Bakterien aus dieser Sisalwolle zu isolieren und eine diagnostische Methode für eine Bestandsüberwachung zu entwickeln.Es wurde eine molekulare Identifizierung einer Sammlung von 72 früheren Isolaten mittels PCR und 16S rRNA und rpoB Sequenzierung durchgeführt. Eine Feldstudie wurde auf zwei Farmen in der Rio Negro Provinz im argentinischen Patagonien durchgeführt. Tupferproben von Schafen mit Hautveränderungen wurden gesammelt und mittels PCR und Kultur analysiert.Die analysierten Isolate wurden mittels Sequenzierung als Corynebacterium bovis bestätigt. Ohne weitere Kultur waren alle Feldproben der betroffenen Schafe mittels PCR-Test positiv auf C. bovis; Proben der gesunden Haut derselben Tiere oder von klinisch gesunden Schafen waren alle negativ.Basierend auf Kultur und PCR Methoden stand eine Erkrankung der Sisalwolle mit einer C.bovis Infektion in Zusammenhang; die PCR Analyse könnte eine hilfreiche Methode sein, um eine Strategie zur Krankheitskontrolle zu verfolgen.背景: サイザルウール病は、アルゼンチン・パタゴニア地方のメリノ種羊が罹患する皮膚病である。これまでに病変部の皮膚スワブからコリネバクテリウム属菌が分離されているが、関与する菌の特定は報告されていない。 仮説/目的: 本研究の目的は、サイザルウール病変から分離された細菌の特徴を明らかにし、野外調査用の診断法を開発することであった。 材料と方法: 過去に分離された72株のコレクションに対し、PCR、16S rRNAおよびrpoBの塩基配列を用いた分子生物学的同定を実施した。アルゼンチン・パタゴニアのRío Negro州にある2つの農場で野外調査を行った。皮膚病変のある羊からスワブサンプルを採取し、PCR法および培養法で解析した。 結果: 解析された分離株は、シークエンスによりCorynebacterium bovisと確認された。培養を伴わないPCR検査では、罹患羊の野外サンプルはすべてC. bovis陽性であった。同じ動物の健康な皮膚や臨床的に健常な羊のサンプルはすべて陰性であった。 結論および臨床的意義: サイザルウール皮膚病は、培養法およびPCR法においてC. bovis感染と関連しており、後者は防疫戦略の一助となる可能性が示唆された。.背景: 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚地区，西萨尔羊毛病是一种会发生在美利奴羊身上的皮肤病。以前曾用棉签从病变处皮肤采样，分离出棒状杆菌属分离株，而对所涉及的细菌进行特异性鉴定尚未见报道。 假设/目的: 工作的目的是表征从西萨尔羊毛病变中分离的细菌病原体，并开发用于实地监测的诊断方法。 材料和方法: 用PCR、16S rRNA和 rpoB 测序对先前获得的72株分离株进行分子鉴定。对阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚的里奥内格罗省的两个农场进行了实地调查。棉签采集绵羊的皮肤病变样本，通过 PCR 和培养进行分析。 结果: 分析的分离株经测序证实为牛棒状杆菌。采用无培养步骤的 PCR 试验，所有发病绵羊的实地样品均为牛棒状杆菌阳性；相同动物或临床健康绵羊的健康皮肤样品均为阴性。 结论和临床相关性: 基于培养和 PCR 方法，西萨尔羊毛病与牛棒状杆菌感染相关；前者可能有助于寻求疾病控制策略。.Resumo CONTEXTO: Lã em sisal é uma dermatopatia que afeta as ovelhas Merino na região da Patagônia Argentina. Corynebacterium spp. já foram isoladas anteriormente de swabs coletados de lesões cutâneas, mas ainda não há relatos de identificação da espécie bacteriana envolvida nessa condição. HIPÓTESE/OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o agente bacteriano isolado de lesões de lã em sisal e desenvolver um método diagnóstico para utilização a campo. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se a identificação molecular de uma coleção de 72 isolados obtidos previamente utilizando PCR e sequenciamento de 16S rRNA e rpoB. Uma pesquisa de campo foi realizada em duas fazendas na província de Rio Negro, na Patagônia Argentina. Amostras coletadas por swabs de ovelhas com lesões cutâneas foram coletadas e analisadas por PCR e cultura. RESULTADOS: Os isolados analisados foram confirmados por sequenciamento como sendo da espécie Corynebacterium bovis. Utilizando um teste de PCR sem a realização de cultura, todas as amostras de campo das ovelhas afetadas foram positivas para C. bovis; amostras de pele saudável dos mesmos animais ou ovelhas clinicamente saudáveis foram todas negativas. CONCLUSÕES E RELEVÂNCIA CLÍNICA: A doença da lã em sisal foi associada à infecção por C. bovis baseado em métodos de cultura e PCR; o último pode ser ajudar a traçar uma estratégia de controle da doença.

Background: Gastric per oral endoscopic myotomy (GPOEM) was developed as a therapeutic option for gastroparesis after the pylorus was identified as a key target for gastroparesis management. This study includes a systematic literature review of studies in which GPOEM was utilized as therapy for gastroparesis. Methods: A literature search was conducted in three databases (MEDLINE, Scopus and Embase) of articles that included the keywords “GPOEM”, “Gastric per oral endoscopy myotomy” or “per oral pyloromyotomy” and “Gastroparesis” in the abstract or title. The search covered articles published until 29 February 2020. Results: A total of 139 articles were identified. Only 15 articles met the final inclusion criteria and were retrieved for qualitative data synthesis. Conclusion: GPOEM for gastroparesis is shown to have a high success rate among the studies but data interpretations are limited because of small sample sizes and short follow-up. Subjective and objective data prior to and post-GPOEM will be mandatory to establish credibility. The procedure is technically feasible and safe based on the limited studies available.

The present study describes the spontaneous and experimental poisoning of goats by Festuca argentina in Argentine Patagonia. In April 2017, eight seven-month-old Creole male goats were accidentally introduced into a paddock that contained F. argentina. After four days, two of the goats were found dead and four out of the six remaining goats were clinically affected. Two of the latter had to be later euthanized in extremis. The main clinical signs were progressive nervous signs, starting with moderate muscle tremors, wide-based stance and ataxia. Postmortem examination was performed on the two euthanized goats. Epidermal fragments of F. argentina were found in the rumen samples from the necropsied goats and the fecal samples from the four affected goats. For the experimental poisoning, fresh sheaths of F. argentina collected from the paddock were offered to two goats at 10 g/kg body weight for 3 days. After 24–36 h, both animals exhibited severe muscle tremors, reluctance to move, tetanic convulsions, and opisthotonus. In both the spontaneously and experimentally poisoned goats, gross lesions were similar and consisted of dehydration, petechial hemorrhages in the epicardium and congestion. The main microscopic findings consisted of degeneration and loss of Purkinje cells and torpedoes in the granular layer of the cerebellum. The F. argentina sheaths collected from the pasture were found to contain tremorgenic indole-diterpene alkaloids. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that the tremorgenic syndrome observed in the spontaneously poisoned goats was due to poisoning by F. argentina.

Lung disease is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The onset of lung involvement in RA is not well known. The objective is to describe the features and evolution of lung involvement in early RA, its relationship with disease activity parameters, smoking and treatments. Consecutive patients with early RA without respiratory symptoms were included and tracked for 5 years. Lung assessment included clinical, radiological and pulmonary function tests at diagnosis and during follow-up. Peripheral blood parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated peptide autoantibodies) and scales of articular involvement, such as DAS28-CRP, were evaluated. 40 patients were included and 32 completed the 5-year follow up. 13 patients presented lung involvement in the initial 5 years after RA diagnosis, 3 of them interstitial lung disease. Significant decrease of diffusion lung transfer capacity of carbon monoxide over time was observed in six patients, 2 of them developed interstitial lung disease. DLCO decrease was correlated with higher values of CRP and ESR at diagnosis. Methotrexate was not associated with DLCO deterioration or lung disease development. Subclinical progressive lung disease correlates with RA activity parameters. Smoking status and methotrexate were not associated with development or progression of lung disease.

Background Rumination syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by effortless postprandial regurgitation and accompanied by gastric visceral hypersensitivity. Almost invariably, the onset of symptoms is preceded by a psychologically stressful situation, and anxiety is often an accompanying complaint. In this background of gastric visceral hypersensitivity, anxiety and psychological stress, we investigated the effectiveness of combining a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) with diaphragmatic breathing/relaxation techniques for the treatment of rumination syndrome. Materials and Methods Patients who fulfilled the Rome IV criteria for rumination syndrome received hands-on instructions and/or coaching on diaphragmatic breathing techniques, were given relaxing auditory media, started on a TCA, and completed a follow-up symptoms questionnaire after undergoing a minimum of 3 months of this therapy. Results A total of 44 patients, 35 women; mean age 40.4 (range 20-71) were identified. Mean time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 36.0 months (range 6-180). Weight loss ranged from 1.4 to 39.5 kg. Approximately 65.9% had a history of anxiety and/or depression, and a separate 65.9% reported the onset of symptoms were chronologically related to an inciting event and/or psychological stressor. After a mean follow-up period of 8.8 months, 90.9% of patients reported improvement in their symptoms, with a mean subjective improvement from baseline of 68.9%, and specifically, 45.5% of patients reported ≥80% improvement. Weight increased or stabilized in 80.6% of those initially reporting weight loss. Conclusions The combination of a TCA with diaphragmatic breathing/relaxation techniques is an effective treatment modality for the management of rumination syndrome as it addresses the underlying factors identified in this entity.

El presente trabajo evaluó la relación entre la eficacia y la farmacocinética de dos formulaciones comerciales inyectablesde ivermectina (IVM) en ovinos merino adultos artificialmente infestados con Psoroptes ovis. Los animales fueron tratados por víasubcutánea con IVM 1 % en dos dosis con un intervalo de aplicación de 7 días, (0.2 mg/kg) o con una única dosis de IVM 3.15%, (1.05mg/kg). Se realizaron conteos semanales de ácaros vivos mediante raspajes de piel entre el día 0 y 28 post-tratamiento paradeterminar la eficacia de los tratamientos, y se tomaron muestras de sangre para medir las concentraciones de IVM en plasma. Seobservó una disminución significativa en los conteos de ácaros a partir del día 14 post-tratamiento, sin embargo, se encontraronácaros vivos en todos los muestreos para ambos grupos. En el Grupo IVM 1%, la máxima eficacia se observó el día 28 post tratamiento(93.3%), mientras que en el Grupo IVM 3,15% este registro se obtuvo el día 21 (95.9%). Mayores concentraciones de IVM fueronobservadas en los animales tratados con la formulación 3.15 %. La falla para obtener una cura parasitológica tras el tratamiento conambas formulaciones de IVM puede ser indicativo de la presencia de ácaros resistentes a este principio activo. The current work evaluated the relationship between efficacy and pharmacokinetics of two commercial injectable formulations of ivermectin (IVM) in adult merino sheep artificially infested with Psoroptes ovis. Animals were treated subcutaneously with IVM 1% formulation (two doses on days 0 and 7) at 0.2 mg / kg or with a single dose of IVM 3.15% preparation at 1.05 mg / kg. Live mites were counted weekly by performing skin scrapings between days 0 and 28 post-treatment to determine the efficacy of each IVM formulation. Blood samples were taken up to 35 days post-treatment to measure IVM plasma concentrations. A significant decrease in mite counts was observed from day 14 post-treatment. However, live mites were found in all samples for both groups throughout the entire trial. After IVM 1% administration, the highest effcacy was observed on day 28 (93.3% whereas in the IVM 3,15% group was obtained on day 21 post treatment (95.9%). Higher IVM plasma concentrations were observed in animals treated with the IVM 3.15% formulation. Failure to obtain a parasitological cure after treatment with both IVM formulations may reflect the presence of resistant mites to this drug. Fil: Larroza, Marcela Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Soler, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Robles, Carlos Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Cabrera, Francisco Raúl. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Cantón, Candela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina Fil: Lanusse, Carlos Edmundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina Fil: Lifschitz, Adrian Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina

BACKGROUND A recent expert panel issued recommendations about the technical aspects of direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN) for pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON). However, significant technical heterogeneity still exists among endoscopists. AIM To report the outcomes of our DEN technique and how it differs from a recent expert consensus statement and previous studies. METHODS Medical records of patients with WON who underwent DEN from September 2016 - May 2019 were queried for the following information: Age, gender, ethnicity, etiology of acute pancreatitis, WON location and size, DEN technical information, adverse events (AEs) and outcomes. Adverse events were graded according to the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Lexicon grading system. Technical success was defined as adequate lumen apposing metal stent (LAMS) deployment plus removal of ≥ 90% of necrosum. Clinical success was defined as complete resolution of WON cavity by imaging and resolution of symptoms at ≤ 3 months (mo) after last DEN. Data analysis was performed using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables, frequency and proportion for categorical variables, and median and range for interval data. RESULTS A total of 21 patients underwent DEN. Most of them were Hispanic and their mean age was 51 ± 17 years. The majority of the collections were located in the body of the pancreas and the mean size was 13 cm ± 5 cm. The most common indication was persistent vomiting. Antibiotics were administered only in cases of infected necrosis. All LAMS were placed without radiological guidance, dilated the same day of deployment and removed after a mean of 27 ± 11 d. Routine cross-sectional imaging immediately after drainage was not performed. The mean interval between DEN sessions was 7 ± 4 d and the mean number of DEN/patient was 3 ± 2. Technical and clinical success rates were both 95%. AEs were seen in 5 patients and included: Sepsis (2), stent migration (1), stent maldeployment (1), perforation (1). The sensitivity and positive predictive value of an occluded LAMS leading to sepsis was 50% and 0.11 respectively. No fatalities were observed. CONCLUSION Our DEN technique differed significantly from the one recommended by a recent expert panel and the one published in previous studies. Despite these differences excellent clinical outcomes were obtained.

Progressive connective tissue disease (CTD)-related lung disease is a challenging condition that requires lung transplantation in some patients. Treatment with rituximab may improve lung function. To evaluate the effect of rituximab in patients with progressive CTD-related lung disease who met criteria for inclusion in waiting list for a lung transplant. Retrospective study of patients with progressive CTD-related lung disease with criteria for lung transplant (FVC < 60% and/or DLCO < 40%) that started treatment with rituximab because of disease progression. Clinical variables, pulmonary function tests and chest computed tomography were used to monitor the effect of rituximab. The cohort included 18 patients; systemic sclerosis (7), rheumatoid arthritis (5), systemic lupus erythematosus (4), Sjogren syndrome (1) and antisynthetase syndrome (1). The radiologic patterns observed were: usual interstitial pneumonia (1), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (9), lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (1), emphysema-usual interstitial pneumonia (1), shrinking lung syndrome (3) and undetermined pattern (3). Over the previous year to rituximab initiation a decline in FVC (- 3.8%, p = 0.095) and DLCO (- 8.4%, p = 0.004) was observed. After 2 years of treatment, DLCO significantly improved (+ 12.4%, p < 0.001 at 1 year and + 15.3%, p = 0.001 at 2 years). Six patients (33.3%) presented adverse events related to rituximab. No patient required lung transplant or died during the study period. Rituximab is an effective treatment for patients with severe and progressive CTD-related lung disease, which allows to delay lung transplantation in some cases.

Similar to the journalism movement called «New Journalism» that was born in the United States, different journalists and writers in Latin America used literary genres tools to write non-fiction texts, maintaining the principles and practices of journalism. This movement was called «New Latin American Journalism». This study aims to identify and describe the narrative-characteristics and reporting-techniques of certain chronicles of New Latin American journalism between 2000 and 2012, based on the work of prominent writers from the Gabo Foundation. It is an applied research with a qualitative approach on a descriptive level. This study is non-experimental. The non-random sample is made up of 10 chronicles that meet four requirements: they have a length of 2500 words or more, describe a person, group of people or place, describe an extraordinary situation of an ordinary person or an ordinary behavior of a famous person, and describe a particular reality that allows us to understand a universal reality. Así como la corriente periodística, denominada Nuevo periodismo, nacida en los Estados Unidos, en América Latina distintos periodistas y escritores utilizaron herramientas de géneros literarios para escribir crónica, manteniendo los principios y prácticas propias del periodismo, lo que se llama Nuevo periodismo latinoamericano. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar y describir características narrativas y técnicas de reporteo de determinadas crónicas del Nuevo periodismo latinoamericano, entre los años 2000 y 2012, a partir del trabajo de destacados maestros de la Fundación Gabo2. Es una investigación aplicada con enfoque cualitativo, de nivel descriptivo. El diseño es no experimental. La muestra no aleatoria está conformada por 10 crónicas que cumplen con cuatro requisitos: tienen una extensión de 2500 palabras o más; describen una persona, conjunto de personas o lugar; describen un aspecto extraordinario de un personaje ordinario o un aspecto ordinario de un personaje famoso; y describen una realidad particularque permite comprender una realidad universal.

It is well known that several of the swainsonine-containing plant species found widespread around the world have a negative economic impact in each country. In Argentina, most of the information on the poisonous plant species that produce α-mannosidosis is published in Spanish and thus not available to most English speaking researchers interested in toxic plants. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the information about swainsonine-containing plants in Argentina, which are extensively distributed throughout different ecoregions of the country. To date, five species from three genera have been shown to induce α-mannosidosis in livestock in Argentina: Ipomoea carnea subsp. fi stulosa, Ipomoea hieronymi subsp. calchaquina (Convolvulaceae), Astragalus garbancillo, Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae), and Sida rodrigoi (Malvaceae). These species contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits the lysosomal enzyme α-mannosidase and consequently affects glycoprotein metabolism, resulting in partially metabolized sugars. The prolonged consumption of these poisonous plants produces progressive weight loss and clinical signs related to a nervous disorder, characterized by tremors of head and neck, abnormalities of gait, difficulty in standing, ataxia and wide-based stance. Histological lesions are mainly characterized by vacuolation of different cells, especially neurons of the central nervous system. The main animal model used to study α-mannosidosis is the guinea pig because, when experimentally poisoned, it exhibits many of the characteristics of naturally intoxicated livestock. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche Fil: Cholich, Luciana Andrea. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Cholich, Luciana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Martinez, Agustin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Sanidad Animal; Argentina Fil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido. Área de Sanidad Animal; Argentina Fil: Pistán, Maria Elena. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Garcia, Enrique Nicolas. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Robles, Carlos Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Sanidad Animal; Argentina Fil: Ortega, Hugo Hector. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; Argentina Fil: Ortega, Hugo Hector. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Gimeno, Eduardo Juan. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Gimeno, Eduardo Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Derivado de la importancia que las medianas y pequeñas empresas (mypes) representan para los municipios de Acatlán y Santiago Tulantepec, se realiza un estudio para identificar qué tanto influyen las decisiones sobre innovación y mercadotecnia en los resultados de ventas anuales, percibidos por los directores de estas organizaciones. Se aplica la encuesta diseñada por la Red de Estudios Latinoamericanos en Administración y Negocios (RELAyN) sobre innovación y mype 4.0 a 404 directores de mypes. Se correlaciona la evaluación de ventas anuales de los últimos 3 años con las decisiones sobre los procesos de innovación y mercadotecnia que informan los directivos. Destaca la baja asociación de la innovación (0.066-0.210) y mercadotecnia (0.070-0.209) con los resultados de ventas. Esto evidencia que estas dos áreas no están siendo consideradas como medio de desarrollo. Abstract Derived from the importance that micro and small enterprises (MSEs) represent for the municipality of Acatlán and Santiago Tulantepec, a study was carried to identify the amount of influence decisions in innovation and marketing has on annual sales, perceived by the directors of these organizations. A survey was applied by The Latin American Network of Administration and Business Studies (la Red de Estudios Latinoamericanos en Administración y Negocios - RELAyN) on innovation and MSE 4.0 to 404 MSE directors. A correlation was performed between the evaluation of annual sales in the last 3 years with the decisions made in process innovation and marketing reported by directors. The low association in innovation (0.066-0.210) and marketing (0.070-0.209) stands out within sales results. This makes clear that the two areas are not being considered as a means of development.

Swainsonine has been identified as the toxin in legumes belonging to the genera Astragalus and Oxytropis throughout the world including China, North America, and South America. Several South American Astragalus species have been reported to contain swainsonine; however, data is lacking to support the presence of a fungal symbiont in South American Astragalus species as has been shown for North American and Chinese Astragalus and Oxytropis species. The objective of this study was to investigate several South American species that have been reported to contain swainsonine for the presence of the fungal symbiont using culturing and PCR. Swainsonine was detected in field collections of A. pehuenches, A. illinii and A. chamissonis but not A. moyanoi, which is consistent with reports of toxicity regarding these species. The symbiont Alternaria section Undifilum was detected by PCR in all three species that contained swainsonine but not in A. moyanoi. A fungal symbiont was isolated from seeds of Astragalus pehuenches and A. illinii. The isolated symbiont from both respective species produced swainsonine in vitro, and was demonstrated to belong to the genus Alternaria section Undifilum by analysis of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. It is highly likely that Alternaria section Undifilum isolates will be associated with other South American Astragalus species that are reported to contain swainsonine.

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron estudiar la sensibilidad antibiótica de aislamientos de Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis procedentes de pequeños rumiantes e investigar la presencia de integrones que contienen genes de resistencia. Se estudiaron 15 aislamientos de diferentes fuentes por los métodos de difusión y dilución. Por el método de difusión, amoxicilina-clavulánico, ampicilina, cefotaxima, cefoxitina, ciprofloxacina, cloranfenicol, eritromicina, estreptomicina, gentamicina, imipenem, kanamicina, norfloxacina, penicilina, rifampicina, tetraciclina, trimetroprima-sulfametoxazol y vancomicina fueron activos frente al 100% de los aislamientos, mientras que amicacina presentó resultados variables. En los aislamientos que desarrollaron frente a amicacina se investigó la presencia de integrones de clase 1. El resultado fue negativo, sugiriendo la ausencia del integrón. Utilizando el método de dilución, los antibióticos más activos correspondieron a los grupos de cefalosporinas, glucopéptidos, macrólidos, quinolonas y tetraciclinas. Se demostró menor actividad de B-lactámicos y aminoglucósidos. No se registró variabilidad en los perfiles antibióticos en los aislamientos procedentes de diferentes fuentes. The aims of this work were to study the antibiotic susceptibility in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from small ruminants and to determine the presence of integrons that contain resistance genes. Fifteen isolates of different sources were analysed using the diffusion and the dilution methods. When the diffusion method was performed, amoxicillin-clavulanic, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, imipenem, kanamycin, norfloxacin, penicillin, rifampicin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin were effective against the 100% of isolates, while amikacin showed variable results. The isolates that were able to grow with amikacin, were studied in relation to the presence of integron class 1. The result was negative, suggesting the absence of integron. Using dilution method, the antibiotics belonging to the cephalosporin, glycopeptide, macrolide, quinolone, and tetracycline groups were the most active ones for the C. pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis isolates. Less activity of β-lactam and aminoglycosides were observed. There was no observation of variability in the antibiotic patterns in the strains coming from different sources. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche Fil: Gallardo, Adriana Alicia. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud. Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Científico-Tecnológico; Argentina Fil: Toledo, Rocío Andrea. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud. Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Científico-Tecnológico; Argentina Fil: Gonzalez Pasayo, Ramón Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Unidad Integrada Balcarce. Laboratorio de Bacteriología. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina Fil: de Carvalho Azevedo, Vasco Ariston. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento de Biología General; Brasil Fil: Robles, Carlos Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Area de Produccion Animal. Grupo de Sanidad Animal; Argentina Fil: Paolicchi, Fernando.Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Unidad Integrada Balcarce. Laboratorio de Bacteriología. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina Fil: Estevao Belchior, Silvia Graciela. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud. Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Científico-Tecnológico; Argentina