Search

Objective The objective of this study is to propose a TeleNP model for remote assessment and offer practical recommendations for clinical practice with patients in Mexico and Latin America, based on a systematic literature review and clinical experience. Method A systematic review of studies from 2011 to 2021 in English and Spanish used TeleNP, teleneuropsychology, telepsychology, online, assessment, teleneuropsicología, and evaluación for the search; the databases examined included PubMed, BiDi UNAM, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Wiley One Library; the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine system was used to grade the levels of evidence. The experience of the last two years of students and faculty in the Master’s and Doctoral Programs in Psychology, Clinical Neuropsychology Residency Program, was also used as a basis for this guide. Results We propose a clinical model for TeleNP assessment in Mexico and Latin America based on the review of 31 articles and the practice of professors and students of clinical neuropsychology. Conclusion The proposed model describes a procedure and adaptations for home-to-home clinical practice in the neuropsychological assessment of Mexican patients that could also be used in other Latin American countries. Its reliability remains to be assessed, but this model and the suggestions proposed could be used in future studies and clinical trials for Mexican and Latin American populations.

In recent years zebrafish have become commonly used as a model for studying human traits and disorders. Their small size, high fecundity, and rapid development allow for more high-throughput experiments compared to other vertebrate models. Given that zebrafish share >70% gene homologs with humans and their genomes can be readily edited using highly efficient CRISPR methods, we are now able to rapidly generate mutations impacting practically any gene of interest. Unfortunately, our ability to phenotype mutant larvae has not kept pace. To address this challenge, we have developed a protocol that obtains multiple phenotypic measurements from individual zebrafish larvae in an automated and parallel fashion, including morphological features (i.e., body length, eye area, and head size) and movement/behavior. By assaying wild-type zebrafish in a variety of conditions, we determined optimal parameters that avoid significant developmental defects or physical damage; these include morphological imaging of larvae at two time points (3 days post fertilization (dpf) and 5 dpf) coupled with motion tracking of behavior at 5 dpf. As a proof-of-principle, we tested our approach on two novel CRISPR-generated mutant zebrafish lines carrying predicted null-alleles of syngap1b and slc7a5, orthologs to two human genes implicated in autism-spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Using our optimized high-throughput phenotyping protocol, we recapitulated previously published results from mouse and zebrafish models of these candidate genes. In summary, we describe a rapid parallel pipeline to characterize morphological and behavioral features of individual larvae in a robust and consistent fashion, thereby improving our ability to better identify genes important in human traits and disorders.AUTHOR SUMMARYZebrafish (Danio rerio) are a well-established model organism for the study of neurodevelopmental disorders. Due to their small size, fast reproduction, and genetic homology with humans, zebrafish have been widely used for characterizing and screening candidate genes for many disorders, including autism-spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Although several studies have described the use of high-throughput morphological and behavioral assays, few combine multiple assays in a single zebrafish larva. Here, we optimized a platform to characterize morphometric features at two developmental time points in addition to behavioral traits of zebrafish larvae. We then used this approach to characterize two autism candidate genes (SYNGAP1 and SLC7A5) in two CRISPR-generated zebrafish null mutant models we developed in house. These data recapitulate previously published results related to enhanced seizure activity, while identifying additional defects not previously reported. We propose that our phenotyping platform represents a feasible method for maximizing the use of single zebrafish larvae in the characterization of additional mutants relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders.

La sepsis es un síndrome siempre grave, producida por anormalidades fisiológicas, patológicas y bioquímicas asociadas a una infección y es responsable de elevada tasa de mortalidad entre las personas hospitalizadas. Varios factores aumentan la susceptibilidad a desarrollarla siendo representativas las edades extremas, la comorbilidad asociada, los estados que debilitan el sistema inmunitario y desde el punto de vista clínico las diferencias obedecen sobre todo a la clasificación del germen causal que desencadena la liberación de mediadores tóxicos, siendo muy temidas las causadas por gérmenes gram negativos intraluminales. Presentamos un caso de dolor abdominal de diez días de evolución, tratado empíricamente por métodos caseros en busca de analgesia sin resultados alentadores, el cual acudió al Hospital Provincial General Docente Ambato, Ecuador en el año 2017, donde se decidió operar por Peritonitis Generalizada y Sepsis de posible etiología intraabdominal; evidenciándose al acto operatorio perforación de Divertículo de Meckel, con sus respectivas complicaciones dado su tórpida evolución que motivó además la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos derivativos. Recibido: 25-04-2017 / Aceptado: 11-05-2017

Adolescent nutrition is a critical component of adolescent health and a prerequisite for health, wellness, and quality of life. Adolescents across the globe, however, experience nutritional deficits that threaten their health and well-being; therefore, adolescent nutrition warrants investment from various sectors. Promoting healthful dietary behaviors in adolescents is important for proper growth and development, disease prevention, prevention of overweight and obesity, and the establishment of sound dietary patterns that can be sustained into adulthood. Although behavior change is highly complex, there is evidence to support the efficacy of implementing strategies to promote healthy eating behaviors in adolescents. The nutritional health of adolescents can be addressed through an ecological approach that employs culturally relevant and developmentally appropriate strategies at multiple levels of behavioral influence, including individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy. In addition, social cognitive theory can be infused within the ecological framework to capture the reciprocal and dynamic interchange that takes place with the individual, environment, and behavior. The promotion of adolescent nutrition is a global challenge, but one that can bring invaluable rewards in terms of health and wellness, productivity, and quality of life. Therefore, it is imperative for individuals, families, communities, and nations to address the adolescent nutritional challenges in order to enhance the present and the future for all.