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Background : Adverse reaction to food has increased around the world in last years. Prevalence of food allergy raises between 2-4% in adults, and 6-8% in children. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous and varies from mild symptoms to anaphylactic reactions. Even the clinical history focused in the food is important; demonstration of allergen sensitization is mandatory. Objective : To describe the profile of the patients with suspicion of food allergy and the regular clinical practice followed in Mexico. Material and method : An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2013 to March 2014 using a convenience sample of allergic patients who were treated in the office, both private and public, of those physicians who seen food allergy patients. Results : Clinical, epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic data were collected from 1,971 suspicious food allergic patients presenting for the first time in the departments of the researchers involved in the study. No difference was found in relation to gender. In relation to age, a bimodal distribution, with peaks at 2 and 35 years old, was found. A history of respiratory allergy was present in 75% of cases; 80% of patients had had any previous symptoms before seeking consultation and the most frequent clinical manifestations were cutaneous, 5% reported anaphylaxis. Conclusion : The foods involved in reactions change with age. The clinical presentation changes with the food, although the skin is the most frequently affected organ. Even if the suspicious were high, the confirmation with specific diagnostic tools is strongly recommended.

BackgroundTwo different allergic rhinitis (AR) symptom phenotype classifications exist. Treatment recommendations are based on intermittent–persistent (INT-PER) cataloging, but clinical trials still use the former seasonal AR–perennial AR (SAR-PAR) classification. This study was designed to describe how INT-PER, mild–moderate/severe and SAR-PAR of patients seen by allergists are distributed over the different climate zones in a (subtropical country and how these phenotypes relate to allergen sensitization patterns.MethodsSix climate zones throughout Mexico were determined, based on National Geographic Institute (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía) data. Subsequent AR patients (2–68 years old) underwent a blinded, standardized skin-prick test and filled out a validated questionnaire phenotyping AR.ResultsFive hundred twenty-nine subjects participated in this study. In the tropical zone with 87% house-dust mite sensitization, INT (80.9%; p < 0.001) and PAR (91%; p = 0.04) were more frequent than in the subtropics. In the central high-pollen areas, there was less moderate/severe AR (65.5%; p < 0.005). Frequency of comorbid asthma showed a clear no -south gradient, from 25% in the dry north to 59% in the tropics (p < 0.005). No differences exist in AR cataloging among patients with different sensitization patterns, with two minor exceptions (more PER in tree sensitized and more PAR in mold positives; p < 0.05).ConclusionIn a (sub)tropical country the SAR-PAR classification seems of limited value and bears poor relation with the INT-PER classification. INT is more frequent in the tropical zone. Because PER has been shown to relate to AR severity, clinical trials should select patients based on INT-PER combined with the severity cataloging because these make for a better treatment guide than SAR-PAR.

The reason for the increase in food allergy are unknow. due the short period of time that has been presented, it is suggested tan enviranmental factors have greater impact than genetics.The geographical conditions of Queretaro and having a large industrial corridor are risk factors for development of allergy problems. In Mexico there are no prevalence studies of food allergies and therefore the most common food allergens. We try to identify common allergen sensitization and determine if there is cross-reactivity between cypress pollend and food plant most commonly consumed in Queretaro city. We performed a correlatin study in patients allergic to cypress pollen to determinate if there is cross reactivit between it and food plants by skin prick test and specific sera titers by immunocap technique. we studied 22 patients, mostly with allergic rhinitis (95.5%), 11 with asthma (50%).10 patients (45.5%) had no first-degree relatives with atopy. The reported heartburn associated wih food intake was 40.1%, while urticaria or discomfort in the oropharynx was 27.2%, 22.7% for edema lips, palate itching or constipation. Using Pearson correlation coefficient was found relationship with apple (0.99), wheat (0.98), celery (0.98), peanut(0.96), melon (0.93), lentil (0.91), tomato (0.91), beans (0.899), avocado (0.87), soybeans (0.82), chickpea (0.81), maize (0.79), pepper (0.79). Although literature reported only association between cypress and tomato, we found relation with other food plants.

Background Allergen exposure leads to allergen sensitization in susceptible individuals and this might influence allergic rhinitis (AR) phenotype expression. We investigated whether sensitization patterns vary in a country with subtropical and tropical regions and if sensitization patterns relate to AR phenotypes or age. Methods In a national, cross-sectional study AR patients (2-70 y) seen by allergists underwent blinded skin prick testing with a panel of 18 allergens and completed a validated questionnaire on AR phenotypes. Results 628 patients were recruited. The major sensitizing allergen was house dust mite (HDM) (56%), followed by Bermuda grass (26%), ash (24%), oak (23%) and mesquite (21%) pollen, cat (22%) and cockroach (21%). Patients living in the tropical region were almost exclusively sensitized to HDM (87%). In the central agricultural zones sensitization is primarily to grass and tree pollen. Nationwide, most study subjects had perennial (82.2%), intermittent (56.5%) and moderate-severe (84.7%) AR. Sensitization was not related to the intermittent-persistent AR classification or to AR severity; seasonal AR was associated with tree (p

Background Evidence regarding the safety profile of drugs may vary depending on study sponsorship. We aimed to evaluate differences between studies funded by the pharmaceutical manufacturer of the drug (PF) and those with no pharmaceutical funding (NoPF) regarding the finding and interpretation of adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids. Methods We assessed the safety reporting of inhaled corticosteroids in 275 PF and 229 NoPF studies identified by a MEDLINE search using prespecified criteria. Results Overall, the finding of statistically significant differences for adverse effects was significantly less frequent in PF (34.5%) than in NoPF (65.1%) studies (prevalence ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.64). This association became nonsignificant (prevalence ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.15) after controlling for design features (such as dose or use of parallel groups) that tended to be associated with less frequent finding of adverse effects and were more common in PF studies. Among studies finding a statistically significant increase in adverse effects associated with the study drug, the authors of PF articles concluded that the drug was “safe” more frequently than the authors of NoPF studies (prevalence ratio, 3.68; 95% confidence interval, 2.14-6.33). Conclusions The type of funding may have determinant effects on the design of studies and on the interpretation of findings: funding by the industry is associated with design features less likely to lead to finding statistically significant adverse effects and with a more favorable clinical interpretation of such findings. Disclosure of conflicts of interest should be strengthened for a more balanced opinion on the safety of drugs.

The aim of this nation-wide survey was to describe the profile of the patients with suspicion of food allergy seen by healthcare professionals, the normal clinical practice followed by the physicians, the social and healthcare repercussions of food allergy in Mexico.