Search

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the variables of age, gender, job level and job security affect engagement in a knowledge intensive context. Literature shows a lack of research on how these variables facilitate engagement, and our aim is to provide further evidence on this issue. Using a sample of 167 Spanish public physicians, this found that age does not affect engagement, while gender, job level and job security should be considered as demographic engagement determinants., El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el efecto de las variables edad, género, nivel laboral y seguridad laboral en el compromiso de los empleados, en un contexto intensivo en conocimiento. Las investigaciones previas muestran la necesidad de conocer cómo determinadas variables facilitan el compromiso laboral, y nuestro objetivo es proporcionar nuevas evidencias. Se ha analizado una muestra de 167 médicos especialistas en alergología. Los resultados ayudan a clarificar las contradicciones encontradas en investigaciones previas, pues evidencian que la edad no afecta al compromiso laboral, mientras que el género, el nivel laboral y la seguridad laboral son variables que si que afectan al compromiso laboral.

L´objectiu d´este article és presentar una nova metodologia que rep per nom Pool of Knowledge i que serà útil per al professorat de Direcció d'Empreses que imparteixin docència en anglès i / o valencià. Esta nova metodologia també es proposa com una eina útil per a la impartició d´altre tipus de temari. Es tracta d´una variant del flipped teaching, també coneguda com aula invertida, en la que es porta a terme la creació, per part de l'alumnat i per a l'alumnat, de material educatiu útil per al seu aprenentatge en els idiomes en els quals s'imparteix l' assignatura. Aquest material és publicitat en un repositori de material comú com material complementari d'estudi. Durant les classes se'ls anima mitjançant la gamificació (metodologia d'aprenentatge mitjançant el joc) a que es familiaritze amb aquest material. Al finalitzar el curs l'alumnat valora la nova metodologia implantada. El resultat principal és el descobriment de com valora l'alumnat la gamificació. Els alumnes consideren que el fet d'haver incentivat durant les classes l'estudi d'estos materials a través del joc ha resultat molt beneficiós per al seu aprenentatge., The aim of this article is to present a new methodology that receives the name of Pool of Knowledge and that will be useful for instructors of management courses who teach in English and / or Valencian. This new methodology is also proposed as a useful tool for teaching other courses. It is a variant of the flipped teaching methodology, also known as flipped classroom, and involves the creation, by students and for students, of useful educational materials for learning. These materials are elaborated in the language in which the course is taught and shared in a common repository as a complementary study material for students. During the classes, students are encouraged to use gamification (a methodology of learning through games) to become familiar with this material. After completing the course, the students value the new methodology implemented. The main result is the discovery of how students assess gamification activities. Studentsappreciate the benefits of gamification for their learning process., El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una nueva metodología que recibe por nombre Pool of Knowledge y que será útil para el profesorado de Dirección de Empresas que impartan docencia en inglés y/o valenciano. Esta nueva metodología también se propone como una herramienta útil para la impartición de otro tipo de temario. Se trata de una variante del flipped teaching, también conocida como “-aula invertida-”, en la que se lleva a cabo la creación, por parte del alumnado y para el alumnado, de material educativo útil para su aprendizaje en los idiomas en los que se imparte la asignatura. Este material es publicitado en un repositorio común como material complementario de estudio. Durante las clases se les anima mediante la gamificación (metodología de aprendizaje a través del juego) a que se familiaricen con este material. Al finalizar el curso el alumnado valora la nueva metodología implantada. El resultado principal es el descubrimiento de cómo valora el alumnado la gamificación. Los alumnos consideran que el hecho de haber incentivado durante las clases el estudio de estos materiales a través del juego ha resultado muy beneficioso para su aprendizaje.

Objecte: Comprovar si existeix, i si ha estat estudiada o demostrada, l’estreta relació, suggerida per alguns autors, entre innovació oberta i capacitat d’absorció. Disseny/metodologia: Anàlisi bibliomètrica sobre la Web of Science de la literatura internacional on es tracten ambdós termes simultàniament. Aportacions i resultats: S’ha demostrat que és un camp de creixent interès i que existeix una estreta relació entre innovació oberta i capacitat d’absorció. Limitacions: Els biaixos propis de utilitzar la base de dades elegida i els criteris de selecció aplicats fan possible la no inclusió d’algun article significatiu. Implicacions pràctiques: Conèixer que la capacitat d’absorció té relació amb la innovació oberta pot ajudar les entitats a ser més innovadores potenciant aquesta capacitat. Valor afegit: L’enfocament utilitzat és novedós i les conclusions, a falta d’una anàlisi profunda de la literatura, permeten entendre millor la relació entre els dos termes innovació oberta i capacitat d’absorció, i poden ajudar a incrementar la innovació., Purpose: To assess if it exists the close relationship suggested by some authors between open innovation and absorptive capacity. Design/methodology: Bibliometric analysis on the Web of Science about the international literature where both terms are treated simultaneously. Findings: It has been shown that it is a field of growing interest and that there is a close relationship between open innovation and absorptive capacity. Research limitations/implications: The bias due to the database selected and the selection criteria applied (they could affect the no selection of some significant articles). Practical implications: To know that the absorption capacity is related to open innovation can help organizations become more innovative enhancing this capability. Originality/value: The approach used is a novelty and the conclusions can better understand the relationship between both terms (open innovation and absorption capacity). Thus, it can help increase innovation., Peer Reviewed

Una de las principales elecciones estratégicas de la empresa es su postura tecnológica, entendida como su propensión innovadora y el momento de introducción de cambios tecnológicos en el mercado. Este trabajo, centrado en el sector de las energías renovables en España, plantea que en entornos en los que el dinamismo percibido por los directivos es alto y la apreciación del cambio mayor, las empresas tienen una mayor tendencia hacia el liderazgo tecnológico (entrada pionera) en detrimento de posturas más conservadoras o de seguimiento tecnológico (entrada tardía). Los resultados del análisis, que se ha llevado a cabo mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales basado en la técnica de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS), muestran que, efectivamente, el dinamismo percibido está positivamente relacionado con el liderazgo tecnológico, y que esta relación provoca un fuerte efecto sobre los resultados de innovación en términos de generación de nuevas tecnologías tanto en productos como en procesos.

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate if former employees of multinational companies (MNC) of foreign direct investment launch new companies. In particular, an attempt was made to measure the process, characterize it, and to assess the performance of the companies created. The study was performed using simple random sampling, with a margin of error of 7% and a confidence level 95%, on a database of 11,120 former of MNCs in Costa Rica (n = 175). A control group was also used. The results show who are these entrepreneurs, the start-up process, characteristics and performance of new enterprises., Este trabalho procurou avaliar a criac¸ ão de empresas por parte de ex-funcionários de empresas multinacionais (EMN) de investimento estrangeiro directo. Procurou-se, concretamente, dimensionar o fenómeno caracterizando-o e avaliando o desempenho das empresas criadas. O estudo foi elaborado com uma amostra aleatória simples, com uma margem de erro de 7% e um nível de confianc¸ a de 95%, sobre uma base de dados de 11.120 ex-funcionários deEMNna Costa Rica (n = 175). Além disso utilizou-se umgrupo de controlo ad hoc. Os resultados mostram como são estes empreendedores, o processo criador experimentado, as características e desempenho das novas empresas., El presente trabajo busca evaluar la creación de empresas por parte de ex empleados de empresas multinacionales de inversión extranjera directa. En concreto, se busca dimensionar el fenómeno, caracterizarlo, así como valorar el desempeño de las empresas creadas. El estudio se hizo mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple con margen de error del 7% y nivel de confianza del 95%, sobre una base de datos de 11.120 ex empleados de empresas multinacionales en Costa Rica (n = 175). Además se utilizó un grupo control ad hoc. Los resultados muestran cómo son estos emprendedores, el proceso creador experimentado, las características y el desempeño de las nuevas empresas.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of research and development (R&D) and coordination mechanisms (such as decentralization in decision-making and formalization of organizational processes) in the transformation of external knowledge into innovation results. We use survey data for performing standard ordinary least squares regressions in a representative sample of firms from the Spanish Ceramic Tile Industry. The results suggest that R&D is an important moderator influencing the relationship between acquiring external knowledge and innovation outcomes. Second, formalization tends to have a detrimental effect in the transformation of external knowledge into innovation outputs. Third, there are differences if it is discriminated between exploratory and exploitative innovations. This study contributes to external knowledge sourcing research that insofar has only taken account of R&D, neglecting the role of coordination mechanisms, in the exploitation of this knowledge. Moreover, this study is relevant to organization theory. To date, this literature has focused on the direct effect of coordination mechanisms on innovation. We show that the latter can be contingent on external knowledge processes. Lastly, we add to both literature streams by showing the different nature of the results when considering exploratory or exploitative innovations. © Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Facultad de Economía y Negocios.

[Purpose]: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of information technology competency (ITC) on internal and external learning competency and the relations among ITC, internal and external learning competency and the commercial success of innovation (CSI). [Design/methodology/approach]: The paper uses survey data from 186 companies. Through structural equation modeling the paper assesses the links between ITC, internal and external learning competency and the CSI. [Findings]: First, this study finds that ITC plays a critical role in internal and external learning competencies. Second, internal and external learning competencies are directly related to the CSI. Third, internal and external learning competencies mediate the relation between ITC and the CSI. [Research limitations/implications]: The research is cross-sectional, so cause-effect relation cannot be definitively inferred from the results. [Originality/value]: This study contributes to organizational learning research, identifying a key antecedent of internal and external learning competencies - ITC - and analyzing the link between internal and external learning competencies and the CSI. Moreover, this study is relevant to IT literature because it shows that ITC, on its own, is insufficient to generate and maintain a competitive advantage. Firms need complementary strategic capabilities such as learning competencies to strengthen the effect of ITC on firm performance. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Scholars have proposed that taking risks is a key factor to explain innovation performance in organizations. However, the relationship between risk taking and innovation performance is generally examined from two unconnected perspectives. From a managerial perspective, entrepreneurial orientation and leadership theories are invoked to justify a positive relationship between risk taking and innovation. From an employees’ viewpoint, creativity theories suggest that a risk-taking climate influences innovative and creative behaviors. This study examines the possibility of a connection between managers’ risk-taking propensity, employees’ risk-taking climate, and innovation performance from both a theoretical and an empirical point of view. To do so, we draw on a dataset of 182 firms from the Spanish and Italian ceramic tile industry.

Scholars have proposed that taking risks in organizations is important for explaining innovation performance. Scholars traditionally have analyzed this link from two unconnected perspectives. From a managerial perspective, entrepreneurial orientation and leadership theories have been used to explain the positive relation between manager's risk-taking and innovation. On the other hand, research on creativity suggests that a risk-taking climate helps to explain the generation of novel ideas. However, there is little empirical research analyzing this link. This study examines the possibility of a connection between managerial risk-taking propensity, risk-taking climate and innovation performance. To do so, we test a quantitative model where the impact of the manager' risk-taking propensity on innovation is mediated by its effect on risk-taking climate. Structural equation modeling is used to test the research hypotheses on a data set of 182 firms from the Spanish and Italian ceramic tile industry

Nowadays how to be a successful exporter has reach great importance. Some studies on the entrepreneurial orientation literature highlights the attitude of the manager to make risky strategies such as strategies toward exports. But might the CEO's attitude toward entrepreneurship be sufficient to achieve greater SMEs export performance? Through an analysis of a database of Spanish and Italian SMEs, we find that entrepreneurial orientation is a managerial attitude that enhances exports when managers also make efforts in organizational learning and innovation. Being entrepreneurially oriented is important, but it might not be sufficient for increasing export performance if the company is not able to learn and to innovate.

This paper explores the determinants of external knowledge search strategies, specifically, exploitative and exploratory search. The literature emphasizes environmental context and technological resources, especially R&D, as important determinants of the search strategy. In this paper we focus on two types of the firm's formal structure: formalized and decentralized structures. The study uses survey data from the ceramic tile industry in Spain. The results show that a competitive environment and a decentralized organizational structure play a role in shaping the firm's external search strategy, but that R&D has no effect. We find that competition inhibits exploratory search, while a decentralized firm structure encourages the use of this type of search strategy to the detriment of exploitative search. Our results emphasize that the mechanisms driving exploratory and exploitative searches are intrinsically different.

The link between risk taking and innovation has been analyzed from two disconnected perspectives. From a managerial perspective, the lenses of entrepreneurial orientation and leadership theories have provided useful insights to establish a direct relation between managers’ risk taking and innovation. From an employee perspective, scholars have pointed that an organizational climate promoting risk taking will be effective in fostering innovative behaviors among employees. However, little empirical research has analyzed this link through a combined perspective. This paper aims to cover this gap by analyzing both theoretically and empirically the relationship between managers’ risk-taking propensity, employees’ perceived risk-taking climate and innovation. For this, we test a model where the impact of the manager’ risk-taking propensity on innovation is mediated by its effect over the employees’ perceived risk-taking climate. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses on a data set of 182 firms from the Spanish and Italian ceramic tile industry. As expected, results indicated that employees’ perceived risk-taking climate plays a significant role in determining the effects of managerial risk taking on innovation.

[Purpose]: The aim of this paper is to present design management as a dynamic capability and to analyze its mediating role between organizational learning capability and product innovation performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). [Design/methodology/approach]: Structural equation modeling is used to test the research hypotheses based on data from the Italian and Spanish ceramic tile industries. The data are derived from the responses of 182 companies (50 percent of the target population) to a questionnaire addressed to Product Development Managers and Human Resource Managers. [Findings]: The results suggest that organizational learning capability enhances product innovation through the mediation of design management capability. The authors find an interesting interplay between organizational learning, design management capability and product innovation that can be very useful to better understand how to improve innovation performance. This finding shows that design management, as a dynamic capability, emerges from learning and allows the firm to adapt to environmental changes. [Originality/value]: Several works have studied dynamic capabilities but without specifying the nature of these capabilities. More recent empirically-based studies conceptualize and refer to specific dynamic capabilities. In this paper, the authors present design management as a dynamic capability. This study aims also to develop a better understanding of how organizational learning capability impacts on the product innovation performance of SMEs and how this relationship is mediated by design management capability. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

[EN]: Studies in the economic approach to innovation have highlighted the relevance of external knowledge for the development of firm’s innovation processes. In the same line, it has been acknowledged that the exploitation of external knowledge sources is mostly depedent on firm’s internal capacities or commonly known as the firm’s absorptive capacity. Absorptive capacity has been basically associated to the firm’s internal knowledge base, as a result of R&D activities. This is the reason for the development of several studies on the development of internal technological capacities and the exploitation of external knowledge. These studies show contradictory results that state the necessity of broadening the spectrum of factors influencing the configuration of search and exploitation processes of external knowledge. Management literature provides interesting insights in this last point. This literature highlights the role of firm’s organizational structure, understood in terms of decentralization of decision-making and formalization of organizational processes, in enabling learning and innovation. In general this literature pays special attention to knowledge processes within firm’s boundaries. Thus, in this thesis we build on this literature and extent it to the particular case of external knowledge sourcing processes. Specifically, we examine the effect of organizational structure in 1) the configuration of external search strategy and 2) the exploitation of external knowledge in innovation results. The thesis is structured in two main blocs. In the first part, we pursue a critical review of the literature. On the one hand, we review the approaches to external knowledge search and innovation. On the other hand, we look at studies examining organizational formal structure, and on basis to the lessons learned we develop the hypotheses in relation to both research questions. In the second part we define the empirical model. The analyses are performed on basis to a sur, [ES]: Muchos enfoques económicos sobre innovación han destacado la importancia del conocimiento externo para el desarrollo de procesos de innovación. En esta misma línea, también se ha reconocido que la explotación de las fuentes externas de conocimiento depende en gran medida de las capacidades internas de la empresa o lo que se conoce por capacidad de absorción empresarial. Dicha capacidad ha sido fundamentalmente asociada a la base de conocimiento interno de la empresa, derivada del desarrollo de actividades de I+D. Es así como se han llevado a cabo diversos estudios acerca de la relación existente entre el desarrollo interno de competencias tecnológicas y la explotación de conocimiento externo. Sin embargo, estos estudios han arrojado resultados contradictorios, que ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de ampliar el espectro de los factores que influyen en la configuración de los procesos de búsqueda y explotación de conocimiento externo. La literatura de gestión de empresas aporta una perspectiva interesante a este último punto. Esta literatura destaca el papel de la estructura organizativa, entendida en términos de formalización de los procesos y descentralización en la toma de decisiones, en la activación de procesos de aprendizaje e innovación. En general, se pone especial atención en los procesos de adquisición de conocimiento que tienen lugar en el interior de la empresa. Por tanto, esta tesis bebe de esta literatura y la aplica al caso particular de los procesos de adquisición de conocimiento externo. Específicamente, examinamos el efecto de la estructura organizativa en 1) la configuración de la estrategia asociada a la búsqueda de conocimiento externo y 2) la explotación de conocimiento externo en términos de resultados de innovación. La tesis se estructura en dos grandes bloques. En una primera parte, se realiza una revisión crítica de la literatura. Por una parte, se revisan los enfoques sobre búsqueda de conocimiento externo e innovación. Por otro lado

[EN]: Extant research acknowledges that knowledge creation and knowledge flows play an important role in the process of value creation within knowledge-based societies. One of the conceptual frameworks placing knowledge creation and knowledge flow at the center of value creation is the knowledge-based view of the firm (KBV). The KBV supports the idea that knowledge is the key factor of an organizations’ success and, thereby, a continuous exchange of knowledge within organizational members is a primary source of sustainable competitive advantage. This thesis aims to contribute to the analysis of knowledge exchange in two settings where the individuals’ decision to exchange their knowledge stock with others is a critical aspect for value creation: business organizations and the interaction between scientific agents and social agents. Although existing literature has identified a number of contextual variables that may explain the exchange of knowledge, comparatively less is known about the individual-level factors that predict why some individuals are more prone than others in engaging in knowledge exchange initiatives. The first part of this thesis is focused on the exchange of knowledge in a single business organization. We propose a theoretical model to study the interplay between contextual-level and individual-level factors to explain the employees’ knowledge sharing behavior. Particularly, we focus on the role of cooperative climate, intrinsic motivation and job autonomy as potential predictors of knowledge sharing behavior between employees working in the same company. As expected, our results indicate that a cooperative climate is positively linked to the employees’ knowledge sharing behavior. However, we found that this effect is heterogeneously distributed across employees if intrinsic motivation and job autonomy are taken into account. Specifically, our results indicate that the intrinsic motivation of employees plays a substitution effect on the relationsh, The second part of the thesis moves on the discussion to the relationship between scientific agents and social agents. Existing research recognizes that the majority of knowledge that is exchanged between science and society is concentrated in a small number of scientists. Given the current reward system in science, few scientists engage with the potential beneficiaries of their research and establish knowledge exchange activities with them (Van Looy, Callaert, & Debackere, 2006). In this sense, little is known about the individual-level factors that may facilitate the adoption of such activities by the scientists. Our study aims to fill this gap by focusing on the individual characteristics of the scientists that shape their propensity to engage with non-academic agents. Specifically, we propose the concept of “pro-social research behavior” as a conceptualization of the scientists’ awareness of the impact that their research results have over actors outside the scientific boundaries. We also propose that “pro-social research behavior” is shaped by the scientists’ prior knowledge transfer experience, research excellence and cognitive diversity. This thesis aims to offer both theoretical and practical implications. From a theoretical perspective, our focus on the individual converges with recent scholarly calls advocating for more studies on the micro-foundations of knowledge creation. Our findings from the study in the business organization indicate that a cooperative climate is particularly effective in fostering knowledge sharing when employees have little intrinsic motivation to do so, and when they have high job autonomy. This may indicate that too much managerial attention in promoting a cooperative climate may overlook the fact that such cooperative climate is not equally effective over all employees. The results obtained from a sample of scientists from a public research organization (PRO) suggest that previous experience in knowledge transfer facilitates the

Absorptive capacity theory has been central in understanding the importance of internal capabilities in taking advantage of external sources. This has driven multiple studies to consider firms internal capabilities when elaborating their empirical models. However, despite the number of studies carried out on this topic, the majority has focused on technological activities (mainly R&D) and has said little about the firm’s organizational capabilities. In this paper we highlight not only the relevance of technological capabilities but also the role of organizational capabilities in this process. The organizational dimension is analyzed by taking into account formal coordination mechanisms, that is to say, decentralization in decision-making and formalization in processes. The research draws on survey data from the Spanish Ceramic Tile Industry. The main results suggest that the effect of external knowledge acquisition on innovation is not only contingent on technological capabilities as advanced by previous literature, but also on certain organizational capabilities. In particular our study reveals formalization as an important attribute, which tends to exert a detrimental effect in transforming external knowledge into innovation results. Lastly, our results further suggest that the effectiveness of external knowledge exploitation can be contingent on the nature of the innovation (exploitative and exploratory).

Although the concept of design management is increasingly important for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) it is the focus of very few studies. The definition of design management in the literature allows it to be understood as a dynamic capability. This paper investigates this dynamic capability and analyzes its mediating role between organizational learning capability and product innovation. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses on a SME data set from the Italian and Spanish ceramic tile industry. The results suggest that organizational learning capability enhances product innovation and that design management capability plays a significant role in determining the effects of organizational learning capability on product innovation.

Investment in information technology is done by the companies with the purpose of increase their organizational performance, but not always these kinds of investments are successful. There are studies which not demonstrate that investment in information technology enhance organizational performance. Our study aim is to understand better this relationship. We propose a proxy of organizational performance, the commercial success of innovation. It is known that if the company are successful in the commercial success of innovation this affects positively the general performance of the company. We think that it is necessary to look in depth this relationship for understanding why not all companies are successful in the commercial success of innovation through investments in information technology. We look for a mediator variables between both which help us to understand better this relationship. Using structural equation modelling in a sample of 186 tile industry firms, we demonstrate that internal learning competency and external learning competency are keys in the relationship between information technology competence and the commercial success of innovation. Information technology competence does not affect directly organizational performance. First, information technology competence affects internal and external learning competence and next, both competences affect the commercial success of innovation. Surprisingly, the effect between external learning competence and the commercial success of innovation is negative. We suggest that this is because external learning competence includes sharing knowledge with competitors and this is understood as a negative for innovation performance. Despite the advantages of collaborating with competitors, among others, sharing technological knowledge or reducing the time and risks of large projects, competitors are potentially dangerous because theysell on similar markets and may access the firm's own R&D resources. This risk is und

La innovación se puede asociar a la habilidad de la empresa de cambiar y combinar recursos generando de forma interna habilidades que logren incrementar la capacidad de la compañía para desarrollar procesos o productos nuevos. En años recientes muchos estudios tratan de explicar este tipo de relaciones, sin embargo, la investigación se encuentra en una etapa preliminar y por ello algunos de estos estudios muestran resultados inconcluyentes e incluso contradictorios. Para poder llegar a entender estas relaciones es necesario observarlas con mayor detenimiento profundizando en variables que median entre los conceptos y que nos ayudan a darles una mejor explicación. Por lo que el objetivo de esta tesis es clarificar la relación entre diversas capacidades organizativas y los resultados en innovación. Para ello nos apoyamos en la perspectiva de capacidades dinámicas. La tesis está compuesta por tres artículos científicos independientes más un capítulo teórico en el que se desarrolla la perspectiva de capacidades dinámicas desde sus inicios. El objetivo del capítulo teórico es dar soporte a los estudios empíricos presentados. El primer artículo investiga la relación entre la capacidad de aprendizaje organizativo y el desempeño innovador. Proponemos a la gestión del diseño como una capacidad dinámica que media entre ambos conceptos. En el segundo artículo examinamos la relación entre la orientación emprendedora y los resultados en innovación tomando como variable mediadora la capacidad de aprendizaje organizativo. Por último, en el tercer estudio, proponemos al éxito comercial de la innovación como una variable dependiente de la competencia en tecnología de la información y demostramos que las competencias de aprendizaje interno y externo median entre ambos conceptos. Los tres modelos planteados son testados mediante la utilización de ecuaciones estructurales en una muestra de PYMES españolas e italianas de la industria cerámica.

This work studies company creation by former employees of multinational companies operating in Costa Rica, as well as the knowledge spillover from the latter. A sample of 1,343 individuals from a total of 11,120 telephone interviews was obtained. The subject was quantified and described from the perspective of the entrepreneurial process, the persons involved and their knowledge, as well as their learning processes. A profile for this type of entrepreneur is presented, the process of new enterprise creation is described, and the knowledge acquired while working for the multinational company and the performance of the new company is examined., En este trabajo se estudia la creación de empresas por parte de ex empleados de compañías multinacionales que operan en Costa Rica, así como los derrames de conocimiento desde estas últimas empresas. Se aplicó una entrevista telefónica a una muestra representativa de 1 343 personas, sobre un total de 11 120. La muestra se trabajó con un margen de error del 7% al 95% de significancia. Se cuantificó y caracterizó el fenómeno desde las perspectivas del proceso emprendedor, las personas que emprenden y sus conocimientos, así como los procesos de aprendizaje. En concreto, se aporta un perfil de este tipo de emprendedor, se describe cómo fue el proceso de creación de la nueva empresa, qué conocimientos adquirió en la empresa multinacional donde trabajaba previamente y cuál es el desempeño de la empresa creada.

n este trabajo se estudia la creación de empresas porparte de ex empleados de compañías multinacionales queoperan en Costa Rica, así como los derrames de conocimientodesde estas últimas empresas. Se aplicó una entrevistatelefónica a una muestra representativa de 1 343personas, sobre un total de 11 120. La muestra se trabajócon un margen de error del 7% al 95% de significancia. Secuantificó y caracterizó el fenómeno desde las perspectivasdel proceso emprendedor, las personas que emprenden ysus conocimientos, así como los procesos de aprendizaje.En concreto, se aporta un perfil de este tipo de emprendedor,se describe cómo fue el proceso de creación de lanueva empresa, qué conocimientos adquirió en la empresamultinacional donde trabajaba previamente y cuál es eldesempeño de la empresa creada. ABSTRACTThis work studies company creation by former employees of multinational companies operating in Costa Rica, as well as the knowledge spillover from the latter. A sample of 1,343 individuals from a total of 11,120 telephone interviews was obtained. The subject was quantified and described from the perspective of the entrepreneurial process, the persons involved and their knowledge, as well as their learning processes. A profile for this type of entrepreneur is presented, the process of new enterprise creation is described, and the knowledge acquired while working for the multinational company and the performance of the new company is examined.