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Cataracts are the second leading cause of visual impairment and the first cause of blindness, both globally and Indonesia. Cataracts do not only reduce vision but also the quality of life of the patients. Cataract surgery of at least one eye is expected to improve the patient's visual function and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of patients with bilateral senile cataracts after the first eye surgery compared to people with normal vision. This was a cross-sectional study on 75 patients who underwent their first eye cataract surgery at the Cataract and Refractive Surgery Unit and 75 people with normal vision who visited the Refraction, Contact Lens, and Low Vision Unit of the National Eye Center of Cicendo Eye Hospital during the period of March-June 2020. The quality of life assessment was conducted through interviews using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25. The non-inferiority test with a margin of 20% was performed. The mean age of the subjects was 63.49 years with no difference in the proportion of gender. Presenting visual acuity of binoculars after the first cataract surgery was 0.26 LogMAR and normal vision was 0.07 LogMAR. With a margin of 20%, the patient's quality of life after the first cataract surgery was not inferior to the normal vision subjects (d = -2.45% (95% CI -6.3% to 1.4%).) Hence, patients' quality of life after the first cataract surgery is not inferior to those with normal vision.

Introduction: Determine the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among people with type 2 diabetes. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: We obtained data of people with type 2 diabetes retrospectively from a community-based DR screening database in Greater Bandung, Indonesia. We encoded the two fields mydriatic 45-degree fundus images to estimate prevalence. The associated factors analysis used multivariate logistic regression. Results: We screened a total of 4,251 people with type 2 diabetes from January 2016 to December 2019. The overall age-standardised prevalence of any DR was 30.7% (95% CI: 28.7%-32.8%) and vision-threatening DR 7.6% (95% CI: 6.5%-9.0%). The following factors were associated with a higher prevalence of any DR: ages 50+ (OR:1.37; 95% CI:1.05-1.77), duration of diabetes five to ten years (OR:1.38; 95% CI:1.11-1.71) and more than ten years (OR:1.40; 95% CI:1.13-1.73), and postprandial blood glucose 200 mg/dl and higher (OR:1.27; 95% CI:1.03-1.52). The following factors were associated with a higher prevalence of vision-threatening DR: duration of diabetes five to ten years (OR:2.01; 95% CI:1.39-2.91) and more than ten years (OR:1.86; 95% CI:1.28-2.71), postprandial blood glucose 200 mg/dl or higher (OR:1.52; 95% CI:1.05-2.21) and systolic blood pressure 180 mmHg or higher (OR:2.67; 95% CI:1.16-6.17). Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is prevalent among people with type 2 diabetes. People with diabetes should regulate their blood glucose and blood pressure to prevent retinopathy related vision loss.

Summary: Background: We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations. Methods: Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists. Findings: Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity. Interpretation: This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenges. Funding: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity, National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, The Seva Foundation, British Council for the Prevention of Blindness, and Christian Blind Mission. Translations: For the French, Spanish, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and Persian translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Refractive errors lead to visual impairment if they are uncorrected. The prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors in children is considerably high, even though they can be easily corrected with spectacles. To estimate the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors and investigate their associated factors among school children in suburban areas in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among school children aged 11–15 years in randomly selected schools. All students in the selected schools underwent uncorrected, presenting, and best-corrected visual acuity testing. Structured interviews were administered to the parents of children with refractive errors. All associated factors were analysed by multivariate logistics regression. A total of 3035 school children, 1193 boys and 1842 girls, were examined. The prevalence of refractive errors was 15.9% (95% CI: 14.7–17.3), while that of uncorrected refractive errors was 12.1% (95% CI: 11.0–13.4). Lower father’s income was associated with a higher prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.6–2.69; p = 0.26). Worse visual performance (OR:0.38; 95% CI: 0.27–0.55; p = 0.1) and longer distance to primary healthcare services (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.37–0.69; P = 0.1) were associated with a lower prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors. Uncorrected refractive errors were found to be highly prevalent among school children in suburban areas in Bandung Regency. The availability of visual assessment services for children needs to be improved.