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Alimentos vegetais podem representar mais de 90% da dieta das espécies de tartarugas aquáticas podocnemis. Grande parte desses alimentos vêm das florestas de várzea ou igapós, morada dos ribeirinhos que dominam o conhecimento das plantas, e também é habitat dos quelônios que as usam como alimento. Portanto, entrevistamos 39 ribeirinhos no período de 2019 a 2021, nas comunidades Granja e Piraí, Barreirinha, Amazonas. Com o objetivo de conhecer as plantas consumidas pelas tartarugas, através do saber tradicional dos ribeirinhos. Utilizando técnicas de pesquisa etnobiologica, usando métodos qualitativos e quantitativos de coleta dos dados: bola de neve, lista livre com análise do índice de Smith e rede social. Nas entrevistas foram indicadas 83 etnoespécies, catalogamos 59 espécies, distribuídas em 55 gêneros e 29 famílias botânicas. O capitarí (Handroanthus barbatus) apresentou maior índice de Smith, portanto foi a mais conhecida, seguido do tucuribá (Couepia paraensis), marajá (Bactris riparia), camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) e o jauari (Astrocaryum jauari). Destacamos as famílias Fabaceae, Myrtaceae e Arecaceae por comtemplarem mais espécies indicadas. Dentre as plantas que catalogamos, as previamente descritas para as espécies de podocnemis na literatura pertenciam a 22 famílias (76%), 26 gêneros (47%) e 30 espécies (51%). Assim, 24% das espécies referem-se ao primeiro registro desses itens alimentares na dieta desses quelônios. Os conhecimentos tradicionais dos ribeirinhos devem ser considerados como informações prioritárias na formulação de estratégias de manutenção e restauração das florestas riparias, para conservação das populações de podocnemidídeos, orientando as legislações para que garantam a conservação dos sistemas sociobiodiversos considerando também o saber do caboclo ribeirinho., Edible plants can represent around 90% of the diet of some species of aquatic turtles of the genus podocnemis. These plants are found in floodplain forests and igapós, the riverside dwellers as well as turtles´ home. These dwellers dominate the common knowledge of those plants. Thus 39 dwellers were interviewed between 2019 and 2021, at Granja and Piraí communities, Barreirinha, Amazonas, Brazil. And, the plants that turtles feed on were identified by means of the traditional knowledge of these riverside dwellers. Ethnobiology techniques as, qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection, used were: snowball sampling, free list with Smith index analysis and social network. Among the 83 plant ethnospecies cited, we cataloged 59 species, distributed in 55 genera and 29 botanical families. Handroanthus barbatus had the highest Smith index, therefore it was the best known, followed by Couepia paraensis, Bactris riparia, Myrciaria dubia and Astrocaryum jauari. Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Arecaceae families presented the greatest number of indicated species. Within the plants we cataloged, the previously described for podocnemis species in the literature belonged to 22 families (76%), 26 genera (47%) and 30 species (51%). So, 24% of species refer to the first record of these food items in podocnemidídeos diet. The riverside dwellers´traditional knowledge the must be considered as priority information in the maintanance and restoration of riparian forests, to chelonians populations conservation, and may even lead to the development of legislation and technical to garantee the socialbiodiverse systems conservation by means of the cultural knowledge of the riverside dwellers., Los alimentos vegetales pueden representar alrededor del 90% de la dieta da especies de tortugas acuáticas del género podocnemis. Estas plantas se encuentran en los bosques aluvial y los igapós, los habitantes de los ribereños y el casa de las tortugas. Estos habitantes dominan el conocimiento común de las plantas. Así fueron entrevistados 39 habitantes entre 2019 y 2021, en las comunidades Granja y Piraí, Barreirinha, Amazonas, Brasil. Y, las plantas de las que se alimentan las tortugas fueron identificadas mediante el conocimiento tradicional de estos ribereños. Las técnicas de etnobiología como métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos de recolección de datos utilizados fueron: muestreo de bola de nieve, análisis de lista libre con índice de Smith y redes sociales. Entre las 83 etnoespecies de plantas citadas, catalogamos 59 especies, distribuidas en 55 géneros y 29 familias botánicas. Las especies con mayor índice de Smith, por lo tanto las más conocidas, son: Handroanthus barbatus, Couepia paraensis, Bactris riparia, Myrciaria dubia e o Astrocaryum jauari. Las familias Fabaceae, Myrtaceae y Arecaceae presentaron el mayor número de especies indicadas. Dentro de las plantas catalogadas, las previamente descritas para las especies de podocnemis en la literatura pertenecieron a 22 familias (76%), 26 géneros (47%) y 30 especies (51%). Así, el 24% de las especies se refieren al primer registro de estos alimentos en la dieta de podocnemidídeos. Los conocimientos tradicionales de los ribereños deben ser considerados como información prioritaria en el mantenimiento y restauración de los bosques de riparians, para la conservación de las poblaciones de tortugas, e incluso pueden conducir al desarrollo de legislación que garanticen la conservación de los sistemas sociobiodiversos a través del conocimiento cultural.

In August 2008, the University of Brasilia/Planaltina Campus organized the 1st Brazilian Seminar for Integration of Natural Sciences Teacher Preparation Programs (LCN), which took place December 8 to 10, 2008, in Planaltina (DF), Brazil. Coordinators and/or representatives of courses from the following states attended: Sao Paulo (University of Sao Paulo), Para (Federal University of Para and State University of Para), Amazonas (University of Amazonas), Bahia (State University of Bahia), Acre (Federal University of Acre), Mato Grosso (Federal University of Mato Grosso), Rio de Janeiro (Fluminense Federal University ), and Minas Gerais (Federal University of Minas Gerais). The objective of the Seminar was to bring together the universities involved in teacher preparation in the Natural Sciences, to build a knowledge network. After that meeting, several others were organized, involving course coordinators, teachers and students of LCN courses, which established a debate regarding training of Natural Sciences teachers in the country. Themes involving the national curricular guidelines and the field of work of alumni were some of the topics discussed.

The biogeographic regions Amazonia and the Pantanal, two areas of high biodiversity importance, have a link to each other through an ecotone formed by the upstream part of the rivers Paraguay and Guapore. The two river basins share part of their flora and fauna species and in this ecotone species exchange processes takes place. Therefore it should be considered as an important area to realize the targets for 2020 of the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) at the regional level. However, since over 20 years this area is under severe pressure of land conversion and is increasingly threatened by river change, due to building of hydroelectric power stations. This causes direct and indirect damaging effects on the region and on its role as biodiversity corridor. In the framework of the BioNorte project we carried out a Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) analysis of the region and included a stakeholder analysis. The direct pressures are changes in the use of land and rivers that constitute the river ecotone between the Amazon and Pantanal. Indirect pressures are road access, opening the land for further deforestation and agricultural developments. Fragmentation of the remnant forest patches in combination with river fragmentation can cause decline in biodiversity, prevent species exchange between the Amazonia and the Pantanal and fish to spawn upstream. If river flows are being blocked, the flood pulse and the migration corridor of fish and the transport of plant seeds will be hampered. The societal response to this can be denial, a positive reaction by enforcement of traditional conservation actions or, as agreed at the COP 2010 by the Convention of Parties to the CBD as a goal for the year 2020, the integration of biodiversity targets into land development toward sustainable land use by diminishing river and forest fragmentation.