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Identify commercial tobacco cessation interventions for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities, focusing on strategies used to advance health equity, including strategies to address social determinants of health (SDOH), community engagement, and cultural tailoring.We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest Central, Academic Search Complete, JSTOR, and Indigenous/Tribal health-related journals and databases.We included peer-reviewed studies on commercial tobacco cessation for AI/AN persons published January 1998–April 2023 that reported quit rates/attempts. We excluded studies that only used pharmaceutical interventions.Two reviewers independently assessed each study against our inclusion/exclusion criteria. A reviewer extracted data, and another checked for completeness.Synthesis focused on reported intervention effectiveness and strategies used for addressing SDOH, community engagement, and cultural tailoring. We used a synthesis matrix which allowed for comparison across studies.We screened 1116 articles and included 12 for synthesis. Of the 12, five engaged community health workers; four included SDOH elements; and six were reported effective. Of these six, five included early-stage community engagement and four were culturally tailored.There are few commercial tobacco cessation interventions for AI/AN populations. Building capacity, including tribal capacity, to develop and test multi-level, culturally grounded cessation interventions that address relevant SDOH may advance commercial tobacco cessation efforts in these populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has shown that microenvironments such as homes and neighborhoods are associated with dietary and physical activity behaviors. This study examines self-reports of home and neighborhood environments of adult dyads living in the same household (n = 83 dyads) and explores correlates of discrepant perceptions. Food and exercise equipment in the home and access to neighborhood recreational facilities were assessed. Agreement between pairs varied across measures, with dyads having less disagreement in reporting their physical activity environment compared with their food environment. Discrepancy indices were .20 for exercise equipment, .29 for neighborhood facilities, .25 for fruits, .26 for drinks, and .28 for vegetables and snacks/other foods. Differences in education, food shopping behavior, fat intake, BMI, and physical activity were associated with discordance in reporting among dyads. Results suggest that co-dwelling adults perceive their home and neighborhood environments differently. This has implications for how microenvironments are measured and how data are interpreted. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Commercial cigarette smoking among U.S. adults has declined during the preceding 5 decades (1,2); however, tobacco product use remains the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, and some populations continue to be disproportionately affected by tobacco use (1,2). To assess recent national estimates of commercial tobacco use among U.S. persons aged ≥18 years, CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Cancer Institute analyzed 2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data. In 2021, an estimated 46 million U.S. adults (18.7%) reported currently using any tobacco product, including cigarettes (11.5%), e-cigarettes (4.5%), cigars (3.5%), smokeless tobacco (2.1%), and pipes (including hookah)* (0.9%). † Among those who used tobacco products, 77.5% reported using combustible products (cigarettes, cigars, or pipes), and 18.1% reported using two or more tobacco products. § The prevalence of current use of any tobacco product use was higher among the following groups: men; persons aged <65 years; persons of non-Hispanic other races; non-Hispanic White (White) persons ¶ ; residents of rural (nonmetropolitan) areas; financially disadvantaged (income-to-poverty ratio = 0-1.99); lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) persons; those uninsured or enrolled in Medicaid; adults whose highest level of education was a general educational development (GED) certificate; who had a disability; and who had serious psychological distress. Continued surveillance of tobacco product use, implementation of evidence-based tobacco control strategies (e.g., hard-hitting media campaigns, smoke-free policies, and tobacco price increases), conducting linguistically and culturally appropriate educational campaigns, and FDA regulation of tobacco products will aid in reducing tobacco-related disease, death, and disparities among U.S. adults (3,4)., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.