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Studies on collaborative memory have revealed an interesting phenomenon called collaborative inhibition (CI) (i.e., nominal groups recall more information than collaborative groups). However, the results of studies on false memories in collaborative memory tasks are controversial. This study aimed to understand the production of false memories in collaborative memory tasks by applying the "turn-taking" method to the DRM paradigm. Experiment 1 aimed to analyse the production of false memories in collaborative memory tasks by controlling for the backward associative strength (BAS) of the presented word lists. In Experiment 2, we intended to define the limits of the collaborative inhibition effect when the nominal recall task followed the "turn-taking" method. The results of both experiments revealed that, in addition to the existence of the collaborative inhibition effect, collaborative recall produced significantly fewer false memories than nominal recall. However, collaborative inhibition was not affected by the "turn-taking" method of retrieval.

The qualitative regulation of grain size allows witnesses to increase the accuracy of their reports by adding alternatives (e.g., "the robber concealed his face with a mask, with a stocking, or with a balaclava"). However, such answers may include incompatible alternatives which may make police officers and juries distrust witnesses. In four preregistered experiments, we tested the effect of information with incompatible alternatives on witness credibility. In Experiments 1a, 1b, and 1c, we presented two short testimonies, one with incompatible alternatives and another without and credibility was lower with incompatible alternatives. In Experiment 2, we told participants that witnesses could report several alternatives and the effect was reduced. We explain the effect of incompatible alternatives on credibility from participants' inferences that a witness producing an answer with incompatible alternatives is not confident in their memory and a failure to fully appreciate the advantages of adding alternatives.

Several studies observed that a worse destination memory (i.e., capacity to remember to whom we said something) occurs when personal facts are shared, which was explained based on the internal attentional focus – the attentional focus is on the information and not on the recipient of the information. So, with two experiments, we aimed to mitigate the negative influence of the internal attentional focus on destination memory. Since it was previously observed that sharing information with distinctive faces leads to a better destination memory, in Experiment 1, participants (N = 30) were asked to transmit personal facts to distinctive and undistinctive faces. No differences were observed. To increase the attentional focus on the recipient of the information, in Experiment 2, participants (N = 30) were also asked to evaluate the distinctiveness of the recipients' faces. A better destination memory was not observed in Experiment 2 compared with Experiment 1. This leads us to conclude that asking participants to evaluate the faces did not promote a better destination memory when personal facts were shared. Nevertheless, by asking to evaluate the faces, the attentional focus was on the faces, where distinctive faces attracted more attention and led to a better destination memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focal atrophy of the left anterior temporal lobe has been associated with the semantic type of primary progressive aphasia evolving to semantic dementia. In contrast, focal atrophy of the right temporal lobe has more recently been described as a controverse entity reported as the right temporal variant of FTD. We describe two cases of FTD dementia syndromes: in Case 1, atrophy of the right temporal lobe led to significant behavioural impairment and difficulties in recognizing known people. In Case 2, atrophy of the left temporal lobe was associated with severe aggressive, ritualistic behaviour and aphasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm comprises the study of lists in which words (e.g., bed, pillow, etc.) are all associates of a single nonstudied critical item (e.g., sleep). The probability of falsely recalling or recognising nonstudied critical items is often similar to (or sometimes higher than) the probability of correctly recalling or recognising studied associates. False memories produced throughout this paradigm are usually seen as vivid, long lasting, and difficult to consciously avoid. Our experiment aimed to analyse the effect of dichotic listening and shadowing procedures on the production of false memories in the DRM paradigm. The results showed that the production of false memories under a divided attention condition during processing was not eliminated, independently of the type of memory task--recall or recognition. Moreover, the proportion of false memories produced in our study was similar to the amounts of correct recall and recognition in both encoding conditions. Therefore, our study confirms the robustness of this type of memory distortion (e.g., Gallo, Roediger, & McDermott, 2001), because even when the encoding conditions are impoverished, participants are prone to falsely remember the critical words, reinforcing the theoretical assumption of the automatic activation of critical lures.

To remember to whom we transmit information, we rely on destination memory, with worse performance occurring when participants share personal facts (e.g., my age is...) compared with interesting ones (e.g., a shrimp's heart is in its head). When reporting personal information, the internal attentional focus decreases the attentional resources available to associate that information with recipients, resulting in worse destination memory. Given that the poorer destination memory when participants transmitted personal facts was always compared with the transmission of interesting facts, in Experiment 1 (between-participants design: 41 participants) and Experiment 2 (within-participants design: 30 participants), we compared the generation and transmission of personal facts with the transmission of familiar proverbs. Again, the generation and transmission of personal facts hampered destination memory. Besides the type of information (personal vs. familiar proverbs), the conditions differed regarding the type of process (generation vs. transmission of information). To clarify the influence of generation on destination memory, in Experiment 3 (N = 31), participants (1) transmitted and (2) generated and transmitted familiar proverbs, and significant differences in destination memory between the conditions was not observed. In general, our experiments seem to support the assumption that transmitting personal information leads to worse destination memory not because participants generated the information but because personal facts drive the attentional focus to the self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research unveils a cutting-edge navigation system for deep space missions that utilizes cosmic microwave background (CMB) sensor readings to enhance spacecraft positioning and velocity estimation accuracy significantly. By exploiting the Doppler-shifted CMB spectrum and integrating it with optical measurements for celestial navigation, this approach employs advanced data processing through the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), enabling precise navigation amid the complexities of space travel. The simulation results confirm the system's exceptional precision and resilience in deep space missions, marking a significant advancement in astronautics and paving the way for future space exploration endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]