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1. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Collaborators, GBD 2019 LRI, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Vongpradith, Avina, Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Novotney, Amanda, Troeger, Christopher E, Doxey, Matthew C, Bender, Rose G, Ledesma, Jorge R, Biehl, Molly H, Albertson, Samuel B, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Burkart, Katrin, Bennitt, Fiona B, Zhao, Jeff T, Gardner, William M, Hagins, Hailey, Bryazka, Dana, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Abate, Semagn Mekonnen, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdoli, Amir, Abdoli, Gholamreza, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Ali, Hiwa Abubaker, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adamu, Kidist, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Araz Ramazan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Jivan Qasim, Rashid, Tarik Ahmed, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa, Hamad, Hanadi Al, Albano, Luciana, Aldeyab, Mamoon A, Alemu, Bezatu Mengistie, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Algammal, Abdelazeem M, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Musa Mohammed, Ali, Syed Shujait, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alipour, Vahid, Al-Jumaily, Adel, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Al-Rifai, Rami H Hani, AlRyalat, Saif Aldeen S, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Dehkordi, Javad Javad Aminian, Amuasi, John H, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ansar, Adnan, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Areda, Demelash, Argaw, Ayele Mamo, Argaw, Zeleke Gebru, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atlaw, Daniel, Attia, Engi F, Attia, Sameh, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awoke, Tewachew, Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, Azari, Samad, Jafari, Amirhossein Azari, Badar, Muhammad, and Badiye, Ashish D
Subjects: Prevention, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Child, Female, Male, Humans, Child, Preschool, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Global Burden of Disease, Bayes Theorem, Sex Characteristics, Pyridinolcarbamate, Global Health, Respiratory Tract Infections, Risk Factors, Particulate Matter, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, GBD 2019 LRI Collaborators, Clinical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Microbiology
Abstract: BackgroundThe global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the burden and trends of LRIs and risk factors across all age groups by sex, for 204 countries and territories.MethodsIn this analysis of data for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we used clinician-diagnosed pneumonia or bronchiolitis as our case definition for LRIs. We included International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes 079.6, 466-469, 470.0, 480-482.8, 483.0-483.9, 484.1-484.2, 484.6-484.7, and 487-489 and International Classification of Diseases 10th edition codes A48.1, A70, B97.4-B97.6, J09-J15.8, J16-J16.9, J20-J21.9, J91.0, P23.0-P23.4, and U04-U04.9. We used the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling strategy to analyse 23 109 site-years of vital registration data, 825 site-years of sample vital registration data, 1766 site-years of verbal autopsy data, and 681 site-years of mortality surveillance data. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, to analyse age-sex-specific incidence and prevalence data identified via systematic reviews of the literature, population-based survey data, and claims and inpatient data. Additionally, we estimated age-sex-specific LRI mortality that is attributable to the independent effects of 14 risk factors.FindingsGlobally, in 2019, we estimated that there were 257 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 240-275) LRI incident episodes in males and 232 million (217-248) in females. In the same year, LRIs accounted for 1·30 million (95% UI 1·18-1·42) male deaths and 1·20 million (1·07-1·33) female deaths. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates were 1·17 times (95% UI 1·16-1·18) and 1·31 times (95% UI 1·23-1·41) greater in males than in females in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, LRI incidence and mortality rates declined at different rates across age groups and an increase in LRI episodes and deaths was estimated among all adult age groups, with males aged 70 years and older having the highest increase in LRI episodes (126·0% [95% UI 121·4-131·1]) and deaths (100·0% [83·4-115·9]). During the same period, LRI episodes and deaths in children younger than 15 years were estimated to have decreased, and the greatest decline was observed for LRI deaths in males younger than 5 years (-70·7% [-77·2 to -61·8]). The leading risk factors for LRI mortality varied across age groups and sex. More than half of global LRI deaths in children younger than 5 years were attributable to child wasting (population attributable fraction [PAF] 53·0% [95% UI 37·7-61·8] in males and 56·4% [40·7-65·1] in females), and more than a quarter of LRI deaths among those aged 5-14 years were attributable to household air pollution (PAF 26·0% [95% UI 16·6-35·5] for males and PAF 25·8% [16·3-35·4] for females). PAFs of male LRI deaths attributed to smoking were 20·4% (95% UI 15·4-25·2) in those aged 15-49 years, 30·5% (24·1-36·9) in those aged 50-69 years, and 21·9% (16·8-27·3) in those aged 70 years and older. PAFs of female LRI deaths attributed to household air pollution were 21·1% (95% UI 14·5-27·9) in those aged 15-49 years and 18·2% (12·5-24·5) in those aged 50-69 years. For females aged 70 years and older, the leading risk factor, ambient particulate matter, was responsible for 11·7% (95% UI 8·2-15·8) of LRI deaths.InterpretationThe patterns and progress in reducing the burden of LRIs and key risk factors for mortality varied across age groups and sexes. The progress seen in children younger than 5 years was clearly a result of targeted interventions, such as vaccination and reduction of exposure to risk factors. Similar interventions for other age groups could contribute to the achievement of multiple Sustainable Development Goals targets, including promoting wellbeing at all ages and reducing health inequalities. Interventions, including addressing risk factors such as child wasting, smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, and household air pollution, would prevent deaths and reduce health disparities.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2022

2. Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Bender, Rose Grace, Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Novotney, Amanda, Wool, Eve E, Ikuta, Kevin S, Vongpradith, Avina, Rogowski, Emma Lynn Best, Doxey, Matthew, Troeger, Christopher E, Albertson, Samuel B, Ma, Jianing, He, Jiawei, Maass, Kelsey Lynn, A.F.Simões, Eric, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualruz, Hasan, Aburuz, Salahdein, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adha, Rishan, Adikusuma, Wirawan, Adra, Saryia, Afraz, Ali, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Ayman, Akinosoglou, Karolina, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T., Alemi, Hediyeh, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Ali, Abid, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Alqahtani, Jaber S, AlQudah, Mohammad, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A., Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Alzoubi, Karem H, Amani, Reza, Amegbor, Prince M, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amuasi, John H, Anil, Abhishek, Anyanwu, Philip Emeka, Arafat, Mosab, Areda, Damelash, Arefnezhad, Reza, Atalell, Kendalem Asmare, Ayele, Firayad, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Babamohamadi, Hassan, Babin, François-Xavier, Bahurupi, Yogesh, Baker, Stephen, Banik, Biswajit, Barchitta, Martina, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Baskaran, Pritish, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Beloukas, Apostolos, Berkley, James A, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhattacharjee, Priyadarshini, Bielicki, Julia A, Bilalaga, Mariah Malak, Bitra, Veera R, Brown, Colin Stewart, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Carr, Sinclair, Chahine, Yaacoub, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chopra, Hitesh, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eunice, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darban, Isaac, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dashtkoohi, Mohadese, Dekker, Denise Myriam, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dhama, Kuldeep, Diao, Nancy, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dolecek, Christiane, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Eckmanns, Tim, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Efendi, Ferry, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Eyre, David William, Fahim, Ayesha, Feizkhah, Alireza, Felton, Timothy William, Ferreira, Nuno, Flor, Luisa S, Gaihre, Santosh, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Geffers, Christine, Gerema, Urge, Ghaffari, Kazem, Goldust, Mohamad, Goleij, Pouya, Guan, Shi-Yang, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Guo, Cui, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Ishita, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Hadi, Najah R, Haeuser, Emily, Hailu, Wase Benti, Hajibeygi, Ramtin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haller, Sebastian, Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Hanifi, Nasrin, Hansel, Jan, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Haubold, Johannes, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Huynh, Hong-Han, Iregbu, Kenneth Chukwuemeka, Islam, Md. Rabiul, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jalili, Mahsa, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kabir, Md. Awal, Kamal, Zul, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S., Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kaur, Navjot, Kaur, Harkiran, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan suheb, Mahammed Ziauddin, Khanal, Vishnu, Khatab, Khaled, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Kim, Grace, Kim, Kwanghyun, Kitila, Aiggan Tamene Tamene, Komaki, Somayeh, Krishan, Kewal, Krumkamp, Ralf, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kurniasari, Maria Dyah, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Latifinaibin, Kaveh, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Trang Diep Thanh, Lee, Seung Won, LEPAPE, Alain, Lerango, Temesgen L., Li, Ming-Chieh, Mahboobipour, Amir Ali, Malhotra, Kashish, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Manoharan, Anand, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Mathioudakis, Alexander G., Mattiello, Rita, May, Jürgen, McManigal, Barney, McPhail, Steven M, Mekene Meto, Tesfahun, Mendez-Lopez, Max Alberto Mendez, Meo, Sultan Ayoub, Merati, Mohsen, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mhlanga, Laurette, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Vinaytosh, Misra, Arup Kumar, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammed, Mesud, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moore, Catrin E, Motappa, Rohith, Mougin, Vincent, Mousavi, Parsa, Mulita, Francesk, Mulu, Atsedemariam Andualem, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Ganesh R, Nainu, Firzan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Nargus, Shumaila, Negaresh, Mohammad, Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Odetokun, Ismail A., Okwute, Patrick Godwin, Olana, Matifan Dereje, Olanipekun, Titilope O, Olasupo, Omotola O., Olivas-Martinez, Antonio, Ordak, Michal, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Ouyahia, Amel, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pak, Anton, Pandey, Anamika, Pantazopoulos, Ioannis, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Park, Seoyeon, Parthasarathi, Ashwaghosha, Pashaei, Ava, Peprah, Prince, Pham, Hoang Tran, Poddighe, Dimitri, Pollard, Andrew, Ponce-De-Leon, Alfredo, Prakash, Peralam Yegneswaran, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Quan, Nguyen Khoi, Raee, Pourya, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmati, Masoud, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ranjan, Shubham, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Rattanavong, Sayaphet, Ravikumar, Nakul, Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reiner, Robert C, Jr., Reyes, Luis Felipe, Roberts, Tamalee, Rodrigues, Mónica, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Roy, Priyanka, Runghien, Tilleye, Saeed, Umar, Saghazadeh, Amene, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Monalisha, Sakshaug, Joseph W, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A., Salehi omran, Hossein, Sallam, Malik, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Saravanan, Aswini, Sartorius, Benn, Saulam, Jennifer, Schumacher, Austin E, Seyedi, Seyed Arsalan, Shafie, Mahan, Shahid, Samiah, Sham, Sunder, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shastry, Rajesh P., Sherchan, Samendra P, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shittu, Aminu, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sinto, Robert, Sood, Aayushi, Sorensen, Reed J D, Stergachis, Andy, Stoeva, Temenuga Zhekova, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tessema, Melkamu B Tessema, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Tran, Nghia Minh, Tran, Ngoc-Ha, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Ty, Sree Sudha, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Ulhaq, Inam, Umar, Tungki Pratama, Umer, Abdurezak Adem, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Van den Eynde, Jef, Walson, Judd L, Waqas, Muhammad, Xing, Yuhan, Yadav, Mukesh Kumar, Yahya, Galal, Yon, Dong Keon, Zahedi Bialvaei, Abed, Zakham, Fathiah, Zeleke, Abyalew Mamuye, Zhai, Chunxia, Zhang, Zhaofeng, Zhang, Haijun, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zheng, Peng, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, Mosser, Jonathan F., Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe
Published: 2024
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3. Global burden associated with 85 pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Naghavi, Mohsen, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Gray, Authia, Gershberg Hayoon, Anna, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Robles Aguilar, Gisela, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Ikuta, Kevin S, Chung, Erin, Wool, Eve E, Han, Chieh, Araki, Daniel T, Albertson, Samuel B, Bender, Rose, Bertolacci, Greg, Browne, Annie J, Cooper, Ben S, Cunningham, Matthew W, Dolecek, Christiane, Doxey, Matthew, Dunachie, Susanna J, Ghoba, Sama, Haines-Woodhouse, Georgina, Hay, Simon I, Hsu, Rebecca L, Iregbu, Kenneth C, Kyu, Hmwe H, Ledesma, Jorge R, Ma, Jianing, Moore, Catrin E, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mougin, Vincent, Naghavi, Pirouz, Novotney, Amanda, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Sartorius, Benn, Stergachis, Andy, Troeger, Christopher, Vongpradith, Avina, Walters, Magdalene K, Wunrow, Han Yong, and Murray, Christopher JL
Published: 2024
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4. Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Collaborators, GBD 2019 Viewpoint, Murray, Christopher JL, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Parisa, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael RM, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adelson, Jaimie D, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aji, Budi, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Khurshid, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhabib, Khalid F, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alipour, Vahid, Alizade, Hesam, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Bekalu, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, Jason A, Andrei, Tudorel, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Anvari, Davood, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Arba, Aseb Arba Kinfe, Aripov, Timur, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arowosegbe, Oluwaseyi Olalekan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Assmus, Michael, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Ausloos, Floriane, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, Darshan, BB, Babaee, Ebrahim, and Badawi, Alaa
Subjects: Prevention, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Birth Rate, Delivery of Health Care, Female, Global Burden of Disease, Global Health, Humans, Male, Noncommunicable Diseases, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Wounds and Injuries, GBD 2019 Viewpoint Collaborators, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3·5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers.
Published: 2020

5. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Vongpradith, Avina, Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Novotney, Amanda, Troeger, Christopher E, Doxey, Matthew C, Bender, Rose G, Ledesma, Jorge R, Biehl, Molly H, Albertson, Samuel B, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Burkart, Katrin, Bennitt, Fiona B, Zhao, Jeff T, Gardner, William M, Hagins, Hailey, Bryazka, Dana, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Abate, Semagn Mekonnen, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdoli, Amir, Abdoli, Gholamreza, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adamu, Kidist, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Araz Ramazan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Jivan Qasim, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Albano, Luciana, Aldeyab, Mamoon A, Alemu, Bezatu Mengistie, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Algammal, Abdelazeem M, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Musa Mohammed, Ali, Syed Shujait, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alipour, Vahid, Al-Jumaily, Adel, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Al-Rifai, Rami H Hani, AlRyalat, Saif Aldeen S, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Aminian Dehkordi, Javad Javad, Amuasi, John H, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ansar, Adnan, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Areda, Demelash, Argaw, Ayele Mamo, Argaw, Zeleke Gebru, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atlaw, Daniel, Attia, Engi F, Attia, Sameh, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awoke, Tewachew, Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, Azari, Samad, Azari Jafari, Amirhossein, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagherieh, Sara, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Indrajit, Bardhan, Mainak, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrow, Amadou, Bashiri, Azadeh, Bassat, Quique, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhatt, Parth, Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bhuyan, Soumitra S, Bijani, Ali, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Buonsenso, Danilo, Butt, Muhammad Hammad, Cai, Jiao, Camargos, Paulo, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chanie, Muluken Genetu, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Ching, Patrick R, Choi, Sungchul, Chong, Yuen Yu, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cobb, Natalie L, Cohen, Aaron J, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dagnaw, Fentaw Teshome, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dao, An Thi Minh, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Demisse, Biniyam, Demisse, Fitsum Wolde, Demissie, Solomon, Dereje, Diriba, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Desye, Belay, Dhingra, Sameer, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Doan, Linh Phuong, Dodangeh, Milad, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dorostkar, Fariba, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Desouky, Eman D, El Sayed, Iman, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elkhapery, Ahmed Mahmoud Rabie, Emami, Amir, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Etaee, Farshid, Ezati Asar, Mohamad, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Falahi, Shahab, Fallahzadeh, Aida, Faraj, Anwar, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferrari, Allegra Allegra, Fetensa, Getahun, Fischer, Florian, Flavel, Joanne, Foroutan, Masoud, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Galehdar, Nasrin, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Garg, Tushar, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin Damtew, Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu, Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw, Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete, Gessner, Bradford D, Getachew, Melaku, Getie, Asmare, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh, Abdolmajid, Ghosh, Rakesh, Ghozy, Sherief, Goleij, Pouya, Golitaleb, Mohamad, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyomsa, Girma Garedew, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Gudisa, Zewdie, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Guta, Alemu, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Hamidi, Samer, Hannan, Md Abdul, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hassan, Abbas M, Hassani, Shokoufeh, Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hayat, Khezar, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Mohammad, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Hong, Sung Hwi, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Huang, Junjie, Hussein, Nawfal R, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Immurana, Mustapha, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jaafari, Jalil, Jamshidi, Elham, Jang, Sung-In, Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza, Javaheri, Tahereh, Javanmardi, Fatemeh, Javidnia, Javad, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jayaram, Shubha, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jeong, Wonjeong, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, K, Vaishali, Kabir, Zubair, Kacimi, Salah Eddine Oussama, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kalankesh, Laleh R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Ashwin, Kamble, Bhushan Dattatray, Kandel, Himal, Kanko, Tesfaye K, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karch, André, Karkhah, Samad, Kassa, Bekalu Getnet, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Kaur, Harkiran, Kaur, Rimple Jeet, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Imteyaz A, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Yusra H, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khosravifar, Mina, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kurmi, Om P, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lám, Judit, Landires, Iván, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Sang-woong, Levi, Miriam, Lewycka, Sonia, Liu, Gang, Liu, Wei, Lodha, Rakesh, Lorenzovici, László, Lotfi, Mojgan, Loureiro, Joana A, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Mahmoudi, Razzagh, Mahmoudimanesh, Marzieh, Majidpoor, Jamal, Makki, Alaa, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Manla, Yosef, Matei, Clara N, Mathioudakis, Alexander G, Maude, Richard James, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza-Cano, Oliver, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Merid, Mehari Woldemariam, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Mijena, Gelana Fekadu Worku, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Mir, Shabir Ahmad, Mirfakhraie, Reza, Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq, Mirza, Agha Zeeshan, Mirza, Moonis, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Misganaw, Abay Sisay, Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammed, Arif, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mohseni, Mohammad, Moka, Nagabhishek, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moniruzzaman, Md, Montazeri, Fateme, Moore, Catrin E, Moradi, Abdolvahab, Morawska, Lidia, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Motaghinejad, Majid, Mousavi Isfahani, Haleh, Mousavi-Aghdas, Seyed Ali, Mubarik, Sumaira, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najafi, Houshang, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Natto, Zuhair S, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, Huy Van Nguyen, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nogueira de Sá, Antonio Tolentino, Nouraei, Hasti, Nowroozi, Ali, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Ochir, Chimedsuren, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Emad, Oren, Eyal, Ota, Erika, Otstavnov, Nikita, Oulhaj, Abderrahim, P A, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakshir, Keyvan, Pakzad, Reza, Palicz, Tamás, Pandey, Anamika, Pant, Suman, Pardhan, Shahina, Park, Eun-Cheol, Park, Eun-Kee, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Paudel, Rajan, Pawar, Shrikant, Peng, Minjin, Pereira, Gavin, Perna, Simone, Perumalsamy, Navaraj, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pigott, David M, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Podder, Vivek, Polibin, Roman V, Postma, Maarten J, Pourasghari, Hamid, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Qadir, Mirza Muhammad Fahd, Raad, Mathieu, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Raeghi, Saber, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Mehran, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Azizur, Rahman, Md Obaidur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Vahid, Ram, Pradhum, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, Rana, Juwel, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rani, Usha, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rasul, Azad, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reitsma, Marissa B, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Riad, Abanoub, Rikhtegar, Reza, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Rogowski, Emma L B, Ronfani, Luca, Rudd, Kristina E, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Erfan, Saeed, Umar, Safary, Azam, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sahebazzamani, Maryam, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sakhamuri, Sateesh, Salehi, Sana, Salman, Muhammad, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sarkhosh, Maryam, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Seylani, Allen, Shaheen, Amira A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaker, Elaheh, Shamshad, Hina, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku, Sharhani, Asaad, Sharifi, Azam, Sharma, Purva, Sheidaei, Ali, Shenoy, Suchitra M, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shiferaw, Damtew Solomon, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shirzad-Aski, Hesamaddin, Shivakumar, K M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shobeiri, Parnian, Simegn, Wudneh, Simpson, Colin R, Singh, Harpreet, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Siwal, Samarjeet Singh, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Song, Suhang, Song, Yimeng, Sood, Prashant, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Suleman, Muhammad, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tahamtan, Alireza, Taheri, Majid, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taki, Elahe, Talaat, Iman M, Tampa, Mircea, Tandukar, Sarmila, Tat, Nathan Y, Tat, Vivian Y, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temesgen, Gebremaryam, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfaye, Azene, Tesfaye, Degefa Gomora, Tessema, Belay, Thapar, Rekha, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiyuri, Amir, Tleyjeh, Imad I, Togtmol, Munkhsaikhan, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tufa, Derara Girma, Ullah, Irfan, Upadhyay, Era, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Vardavas, Constantine, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vo, Bay, Vu, Linh Gia, Wagaye, Birhanu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yu, Waris, Abdul, West, T Eoin, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahya, Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zandifar, Alireza, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zar, Heather J, Zare, Iman, Zareshahrabadi, Zahra, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeng, Wu, Zhang, Mengxi, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Lim, Stephen S, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Brauer, Michael, Hay, Simon I, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2022
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6. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of lower respiratory infections among children younger than 5 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Troeger, Christopher E, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Blacker, Brigette F, Biehl, Molly H, Albertson, Samuel B, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Rao, Puja C, Abate, Degu, Admasie, Amha, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Mohamed Lemine Cheikh Brahim, Akal, Chalachew Genet, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Noore, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amini, Saeed, Anjomshoa, Mina, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awad, Samah, Awasthi, Ashish, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Bedi, Neeraj, Bennett, Derrick A, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bills, Corey B, Car, Josip, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Causey, Kate, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Cohen, Aaron J, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daryani, Ahmad, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fischer, Florian, Frostad, Joseph, Fullman, Nancy, Gardner, William M, Geta, Birhanu, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Alessandra C, Guo, Yuming, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamidi, Samer, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hoang, Chi Linh, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hussain, Zakir, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, James, Spencer L, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Karch, André, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Lewycka, Sonia, Li, Shanshan, Lodha, Rakesh, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Majdan, Marek, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manguerra, Helena, Mehta, Varshil, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moore, Catrin E, Morawska, Lidia, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Murthy, Srinivas, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nazari, Javad, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nielsen, Katie R, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Nixon, Molly R, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Okoro, Anselm, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, P A, Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rezapour, Aziz, Rios-Blancas, Maria Jesus, Ronfani, Luca, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rubino, Salvatore, Saleem, Zikria, Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Sbarra, Alyssa, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Smith, David L, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tessema, Belay, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel, Ullah, Irfan, Updike, Rachel L, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Wada, Fiseha Wadilo, Waheed, Yasir, Welgan, Katie, Wiens, Kirsten E, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zar, Heather J, Lim, Stephen S, Vos, Theo, Mokdad, Ali H, Murray, Christopher J L, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C
Published: 2020
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7. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Troeger, Christopher E, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Blacker, Brigette F., Biehl, Molly H., Albertson, Samuel B., Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Rao, Puja C, Abate, Degu, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Mohamed Lemine Cheikh brahim, Akal, Chalachew Genet, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Noore, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amini, Saeed, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Anjomshoa, Mina, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awad, Samah, Awasthi, Ashish, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Bedi, Neeraj, Bennett, Derrick A., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Car, Josip, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daryani, Ahmad, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fischer, Florian, Fullman, Nancy, Gardner, William M., Geta, Birhanu, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Alessandra C, Guo, Yuming, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamidi, Samer, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hussain, Zakir, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, James, Spencer L., Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Karch, André, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kosen, Soewarta, Koyanagi, Ai, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Li, Shanshan, Lodha, Rakesh, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Majdan, Marek, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manguerra, Helena, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moore, Catrin E, Mosser, Jonathan F., Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Murthy, Srinivas, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nazari, Javad, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Nixon, Molly R, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Okoro, Anselm, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, P A, Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rezapour, Aziz, Rios-Blancas, Maria Jesus, Ronfani, Luca, Rosettie, Katherine, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Zikria, Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Sawhney, Monika, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Smith, David L, Soriano, Joan B, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Teklu, Teklay G E, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tessema, Belay, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Updike, Rachel L, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Wada, Fiseha Wadilo, Waheed, Yasir, Weaver, Marcia, Wiens, Kirsten E, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zar, Heather J, Zarghi, Afshin, Lim, Stephen S, Vos, Theo, Mokdad, Ali H, Murray, Christopher J L, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Hay, Simon I., and Reiner, Robert C
Published: 2020
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8. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV, 1980–2017, and forecasts to 2030, for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017

Author: Frank, Tahvi D, Carter, Austin, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Biehl, Molly H, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Larson, Samantha Leigh, Arora, Megha, Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura, Steuben, Krista M, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal, Abyu, Direslgne Misker, Adabi, Maryam, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadian, Elham, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akal, Chalachew Genet, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Noore, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemnew, Birhan Tamene T, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alipour, Vahid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amini, Saeed, Anbari, Zohreh, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Anjomshoa, Mina, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Areri, Habtamu Abera, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Ashagre, Alebachew Fasil, Asmelash, Daniel, Asrat, Anemaw A, Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awasthi, Ashish, Awoke, Nefsu, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Badawi, Alaa, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Banach, Maciej, Barac, Aleksandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belay, Saba Abraham, Belay, Yared Belete, Belayneh, Yaschilal Muche, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Bitew, Helen, Blinov, Andrew, Bogale, Kassawmar Angaw, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath B N, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, Carvalho, Félix, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Crider, Raquel, Dahiru, Tukur, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daryani, Ahmad, das Neves, José, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Degenhardt, Louisa, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh, Demissie, Dereje Bayissa, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Deribe, Kebede, Des Jarlais, Don, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Diaz, Daniel, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doan, Linh Phuong, Duber, Herbert, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Duko Adema, Bereket, Effiong, Andem, Eftekhari, Aziz, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, El-Khatib, Ziad, Elsharkawy, Aisha, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eyawo, Oghenowede, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fatima, Batool, Fentahun, Netsanet, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fullman, Nancy, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gayesa, Reta Tsegaye, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremedhn, Gebreyohannes, Kelali Kalaye, Gedefaw, Getnet Azeze, Gelaw, Belayneh K, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Geta, Birhanu, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ginindza, Themba T G, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Haile, Michael Tamene, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamidi, Samer, Handanagic, Senad, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Hanfore, Lolemo Kelbiso, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I, Henok, Andualem, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hosgood, H Dean, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hsairi, Mohamed, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Idrisov, Bulat, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, James, Spencer L, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Belete, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kebede, Mihiretu M, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid, Nauman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Junaid, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khazaei, Salman, Khoja, Abdullah T, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kochhar, Sonali, Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kuupiel, Desmond, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lee, Jane Jean-Hee, Lenjebo, Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Maddison, Emilie R, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Manafi, Navid, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masaka, Anthony, Mayenga, Emmanuel Ngassa Laurent, Mehta, Varshil, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Melese, Addisu, Melku, Mulugeta, Memiah, Peter T N, Memish, Ziad A, Mena, Alemayehu Toma, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistu, Getnet, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R, Moazen, Babak, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Amjad, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad Darwesh, Aso, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadi, Moslem, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammadoo-Khorasani, Milad, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Moodley, Yoshan, Moossavi, Maryam, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moschos, Marilita M, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Muchie, Kindie Fentahun, Muluneh, Atalay Goshu, Muriithi, Moses K, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naik, Gurudatta, Najafi, Farid, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nixon, Molly R, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noroozi, Mehdi, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nourollahpour Shiadeh, Malihe, Obsa, Mohammed Suleiman, Odame, Emmanuel Ankrah, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Okoro, Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olum, Solomon, Oppong Asante, Kwaku Oppong Asante, Oren, Eyal, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, PA, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Pakpour, Amir H, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Paulos, Kebreab, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Pourshams, Akram, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Sajjad ur, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rawaf, Salman, Reis, Cesar, Renjith, Vishnu, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rios González, Carlos Miguel, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Rostami, Ali, Rubino, Salvatore, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Safari, Saeed, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salem, Marwa R Rashad, Salimi, Yahya, Salomon, Joshua A, Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sayyah, Mehdi, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Shaheen, Amira A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sharifi, Hamid, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Jae Il, Shirkoohi, Reza, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sisay, Malede Mequanent M, Sisay, Mekonnen, Sisay, Solomon, Smith, Amanda E, Sokhan, Anton, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soshnikov, Sergey, Stein, Dan J, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sykes, Bryan L, Tadesse, Birkneh Tilahun, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Tamirat, Koku Sisay, Taveira, Nuno, Tekelemedhin, Shishay Wahdey, Temesgen, Habtamu Denekew, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, Teshale, Manaye Yihune, Thapa, Subash, Tlaye, Kenean Getaneh, Topp, Stephanie M, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Uthman, Olalekan A, Veisani, Yousef, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Wada, Fiseha Wadilo, Waheed, Yasir, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay T, Westerman, Ronny, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wolde, Haileab Fekadu, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wonde, Tewodros Eshete, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, Yeshanew, Addisu Gize, Yilma, Mekdes Tigistu, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yotebieng, Marcel, Youm, Yoosik, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zarghi, Afshin, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zewale, Taye Abuhay, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wang, Haidong, Lim, Stephen S, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2019
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9. Mortality, morbidity, and hospitalisations due to influenza lower respiratory tract infections, 2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Troeger, Christopher E, Blacker, Brigette F., Khalil, Ibrahim A., Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Albertson, Samuel B., Abate, Degu, Abdela, Jemal, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadi, Alireza, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Anjomshoa, Mina, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Aremu, Olatunde, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Atique, Suleman, Attia, Engi F., Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awasthi, Ashish, Babazadeh, Arefeh, Badali, Hamid, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Bedi, Neeraj, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Bennett, Derrick A., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, Degefa, Meaza Girma, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Dhimal, Meghnath, Djalalinia, Shirin, Doku, David Teye, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Edessa, Dumessa, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Fakhim, Hamed, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fischer, Florian, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foreman, Kyle J., Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo, Geremew, Demeke, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Goulart, Alessandra C, Guo, Jingwen, Ha, Giang Hai, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamidi, Samer, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hoang, Chi Linh, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Kahsay, Amaha, Karch, André, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lamichhane, Prabhat, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Majdan, Marek, Mehta, Varshil, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Milne, George J, Milosevic, Branko, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Muhammed, Oumer Sada S, Murthy, Srinivas, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naheed, Aliya, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Nam Ba, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Nixon, Molly R, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, P A, Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Patel, Shanti, Paudel, Deepak, Pigott, David M, Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Roberts, Nicholas L S, Ronfani, Luca, Rubino, Salvatore, Safari, Saeed, Safiri, Saeid, Saleem, Zikria, Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Sarvi, Shahabeddin, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharif, Mehdi, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Smith, David L, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soriano, Joan B, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tessema, Belay, Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vu, Giang Thu, Wada, Fiseha Wadilo, Waheed, Yasir, West, T. Eoin, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaidi, Zoubida, Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Murray, Christopher J L, Mokdad, Ali H, Hay, Simon I., and Reiner, Robert C
Published: 2019
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10. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette F, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Shujin, Zimsen, Stephanie RM, Albertson, Samuel B, Stanaway, Jeffery D, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Abebe, Zegeye, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Asgedom, Solomon W, Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Barac, Aleksandra, Barreto, Mauricio L, Bassat, Quique, Belay, Saba Abraham, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bizuneh, Hailemichael, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eshrati, Babak, Farag, Tamer, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Godwin, William W, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Rahul, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Jonas, Jost B, Kahsay, Amaha, Kang, Gagandeep, Kasaeian, Amir, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Muhammad Ali, Khang, Young-Ho, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kotloff, Karen L, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mehata, Suresh, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mlashu, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Murthy, Srinivas, Naik, Gurudatta A, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Paudel, Deepak, Platts-Mills, James A, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Ray, Sarah E, Reis, Cesar, Renzaho, Andre MN, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sartorius, Benn, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shigematsu, Mika, Sisay, Mekonnen, Somayaji, Ranjani, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sykes, Bryan L, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L, Weaver, Marcia R, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Yenesew, Muluken, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yonemoto, Naohiro, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher JL, Mokdad, Ali H, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr
Published: 2018
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11. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Jackie, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Albertson, Samuel B, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Farag, Tamer, Abebe, Zegeye, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Akibu, Mohammed, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Attia, Engi Farouk, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Ayuk, Tambe Betrand, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Brown, Alexandria, Camargos, Paulo A M, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Colombara, Danny, Conti, Sara, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gessner, Bradford D, Gething, Peter W, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Tarun, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heidari, Mohsen, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Horita, Nobuyuki, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Jamal, Amr A, Kahsay, Amaha, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Dessalegn Haile, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Yun Jin, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Koul, Parvaiz A, Kumar, G Anil, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mathew, Joseph L, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Mohammed A, Momeniha, Fatemeh, Murthy, Srinivas, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nielsen, Katie R, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, PA, Mahesh, Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Ray, Sarah E, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sartorius, Benn, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Singh, Jasvinder A, Somayaji, Ranjani, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thompson, Matthew J, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Tung Thanh, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T Eoin, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zhou, Lei, Zodpey, Sanjay, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lim, Stephen S, Mokdad, Ali H, Murray, Christopher J L, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr
Published: 2018
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12. Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in children under five years of age in 195 countries: A meta-regression analysis

Author: Janko, Mark M., primary, Joffe, Jonah, additional, Michael, Danielle, additional, Earl, Lauren, additional, Rosettie, Katherine L., additional, Sparks, Gianna W., additional, Albertson, Samuel B., additional, Compton, Kelly, additional, Pedroza Velandia, Paola, additional, Stafford, Lauryn, additional, Zheng, Peng, additional, Aravkin, Aleksandr, additional, Kyu, Hmwe H., additional, Murray, Christopher J.L., additional, and Weaver, Marcia R., additional
Published: 2022
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13. Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Murray, Christopher J L, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasi-kangevari, Mohsen, Abd-allah, Foad, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Parisa, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-gharbieh, Eman, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adelson, Jaimie D, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aji, Budi, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Khurshid, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhabib, Khalid F, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alipour, Vahid, Alizade, Hesam, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi-hashiani, Amir, Al-mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, Alonso, Jordi, Al-raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Amare, Bekalu, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, Jason A, Andrei, Tudorel, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari-moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Anvari, Davood, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Arba, Aseb Arba Kinfe, Aripov, Timur, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arowosegbe, Oluwaseyi Olalekan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-pooya, Ali A, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Assmus, Michael, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Ausloos, Floriane, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, B, Darshan B, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Badiye, Ashish D, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balachandran, Arun, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K, Banik, Palash Chandra, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Barker-collo, Suzanne Lyn, Basaleem, Huda, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Michellr L, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Berman, Adam E, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Biondi, Antonio, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bjørge, Tone, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bohluli, Mehdi, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Brady, Oliver J, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brauer, Michael, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Breusov, Alexey V, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Britton, Gabrielle B, Brugha, Traolach, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano Dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis La Alberto, Campos-nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-maia, Joao Mauricio, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castro, Franz, Catalá-lópez, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Jung-chen, Charan, Jaykaran, Charlson, Fiona J, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chin, Ken Lee, Chirinos-caceres, Jesus Lorenzo, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Choi, Jee-young Jasmine, Chu, Dinh-toi, Chung, Sheng-chia, Chung, Michael T, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Cirillo, Massimo, Cislaghi, Beniamino, Cohen, Aaron J, Compton, Kelly, Corso, Barbara, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Cowden, Richard G, Cross, Marita, Crowe, Christopher Stephen, Cummins, Steven, Dai, Haijiang, Dai, Hancheng, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Dávila-cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis, Adrian C, De Leo, Diego, Denova-gutiérrez, Edgar, Deribe, Kebede, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Rupak, Deuba, Keshab, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Dichgans, Martin, Didarloo, Alireza, Dippenaar, Ilse N, Dokova, Klara, Dolecek, Christiane, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshi, Pratik P, Doshi, Chirag P, Doshmangir, Leila, Doxey, Matthew C, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duncan, Bruce B, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edvardsson, David, Franklin, Richard Charles, Guo, Yuming, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-ling, Liu, Yang, Morawska, Lidia, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Renzaho, Andre M N, Smith, Emma U R, Tonelli, Marcello, Wang, Fang, Wang, Yuan-pang, other, and, Murray, Christopher J L, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasi-kangevari, Mohsen, Abd-allah, Foad, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Parisa, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-gharbieh, Eman, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adelson, Jaimie D, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aji, Budi, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Khurshid, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhabib, Khalid F, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alipour, Vahid, Alizade, Hesam, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi-hashiani, Amir, Al-mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, Alonso, Jordi, Al-raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Amare, Bekalu, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, Jason A, Andrei, Tudorel, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari-moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Anvari, Davood, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Arba, Aseb Arba Kinfe, Aripov, Timur, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arowosegbe, Oluwaseyi Olalekan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-pooya, Ali A, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Assmus, Michael, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Ausloos, Floriane, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, B, Darshan B, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Badiye, Ashish D, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balachandran, Arun, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K, Banik, Palash Chandra, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Barker-collo, Suzanne Lyn, Basaleem, Huda, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Michellr L, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Berman, Adam E, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Biondi, Antonio, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bjørge, Tone, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bohluli, Mehdi, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Brady, Oliver J, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brauer, Michael, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Breusov, Alexey V, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Britton, Gabrielle B, Brugha, Traolach, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano Dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis La Alberto, Campos-nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-maia, Joao Mauricio, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castro, Franz, Catalá-lópez, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Jung-chen, Charan, Jaykaran, Charlson, Fiona J, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chin, Ken Lee, Chirinos-caceres, Jesus Lorenzo, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Choi, Jee-young Jasmine, Chu, Dinh-toi, Chung, Sheng-chia, Chung, Michael T, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Cirillo, Massimo, Cislaghi, Beniamino, Cohen, Aaron J, Compton, Kelly, Corso, Barbara, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Cowden, Richard G, Cross, Marita, Crowe, Christopher Stephen, Cummins, Steven, Dai, Haijiang, Dai, Hancheng, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Dávila-cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis, Adrian C, De Leo, Diego, Denova-gutiérrez, Edgar, Deribe, Kebede, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Rupak, Deuba, Keshab, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Dichgans, Martin, Didarloo, Alireza, Dippenaar, Ilse N, Dokova, Klara, Dolecek, Christiane, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshi, Pratik P, Doshi, Chirag P, Doshmangir, Leila, Doxey, Matthew C, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duncan, Bruce B, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edvardsson, David, Franklin, Richard Charles, Guo, Yuming, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-ling, Liu, Yang, Morawska, Lidia, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Renzaho, Andre M N, Smith, Emma U R, Tonelli, Marcello, Wang, Fang, Wang, Yuan-pang, and other, and
Abstract: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3·5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers.
Published: 2020

14. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abrams, Elissa M, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-raddad, Laith Jamal, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie D, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adham, Davoud, Afshari, Mahdi, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Agarwal, Gina, Agesa, Kareha M, Aghaali, Mohammad, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Al-aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Samiah, Alam, Tahiya, Alanzi, Turki M, Albertson, Samuel B, Alcalde-rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alema, Niguse Meles, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almasi-hashiani, Amir, Alonso, Jordi, Al-raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Alvis-zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Amini-rarani, Mostafa, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari, Iman, Ansari-moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ariani, Filippo, Ärnlöv, Johan, Aryal, Krishna K, Arzani, Afsaneh, Asadi-aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-pooya, Ali A, Asghari, Babak, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atre, Sachin R, Ausloos, Floriane, Ausloos, Marcel, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azarian, Ghasem, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balassyano, Shelly, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bannick, Marlena S, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barthelemy, Celine M, Barua, Lingkan, Barzegar, Akbar, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bazmandegan, Gholamreza, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bello, Aminu K, Bender, Rose G, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennitt, Fiona B, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benziger, Catherine P, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bertolacci, Gregory J, Bhageerathy, Reshmi, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Biehl, Molly H, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Biondi, Antonio, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, Bisanzio, Donal, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bohluli, Mehdi, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Boon-dooley, Alexandra S, Borges, Guilherme, Borzì, Antonio Maria, Bourne, Rupert, Brady, Oliver J, Brauer, Michael, Brayne, Carol, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle B, Bryazka, Dana, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bumgarner, Blair R, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano Dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis La Alberto, Campos-nonato, Ismael R, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castle, Chris D, Castro, Franz, Catalá-lópez, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Alex R, Charlson, Fiona J, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Chimed-ochir, Odgerel, Chin, Ken Lee, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh-toi, Chung, Michael T, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Collins, Emma L, Compton, Kelly, Conti, Sara, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Cowden, Richard G, Cowie, Benjamin C, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Cross, Di H, Crowe, Christopher Stephen, Cruz, Jessica A, Cunningham, Matthew, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Das Neves, José, Dávila-cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Do, Hoa Thi, Guo, Yuming, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-ling, Morawska, Lidia, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Minh, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Renzaho, Andre M N, Tonelli, Marcello, Wang, Yuan-pang, Murray, Christopher J L, other, and, Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abrams, Elissa M, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-raddad, Laith Jamal, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie D, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adham, Davoud, Afshari, Mahdi, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Agarwal, Gina, Agesa, Kareha M, Aghaali, Mohammad, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Al-aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Samiah, Alam, Tahiya, Alanzi, Turki M, Albertson, Samuel B, Alcalde-rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alema, Niguse Meles, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almasi-hashiani, Amir, Alonso, Jordi, Al-raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Alvis-zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Amini-rarani, Mostafa, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari, Iman, Ansari-moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ariani, Filippo, Ärnlöv, Johan, Aryal, Krishna K, Arzani, Afsaneh, Asadi-aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-pooya, Ali A, Asghari, Babak, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atre, Sachin R, Ausloos, Floriane, Ausloos, Marcel, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azarian, Ghasem, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balassyano, Shelly, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bannick, Marlena S, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barthelemy, Celine M, Barua, Lingkan, Barzegar, Akbar, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bazmandegan, Gholamreza, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bello, Aminu K, Bender, Rose G, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennitt, Fiona B, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benziger, Catherine P, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bertolacci, Gregory J, Bhageerathy, Reshmi, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Biehl, Molly H, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Biondi, Antonio, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, Bisanzio, Donal, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bohluli, Mehdi, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Boon-dooley, Alexandra S, Borges, Guilherme, Borzì, Antonio Maria, Bourne, Rupert, Brady, Oliver J, Brauer, Michael, Brayne, Carol, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle B, Bryazka, Dana, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bumgarner, Blair R, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano Dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis La Alberto, Campos-nonato, Ismael R, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castle, Chris D, Castro, Franz, Catalá-lópez, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Alex R, Charlson, Fiona J, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Chimed-ochir, Odgerel, Chin, Ken Lee, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh-toi, Chung, Michael T, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Collins, Emma L, Compton, Kelly, Conti, Sara, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Cowden, Richard G, Cowie, Benjamin C, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Cross, Di H, Crowe, Christopher Stephen, Cruz, Jessica A, Cunningham, Matthew, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Das Neves, José, Dávila-cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Do, Hoa Thi, Guo, Yuming, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-ling, Morawska, Lidia, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Minh, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Renzaho, Andre M N, Tonelli, Marcello, Wang, Yuan-pang, Murray, Christopher J L, and other, and
Abstract: Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw va
Published: 2020

15. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Parisa, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, Aboyans, Victor, Abrams, Elissa M., Abreu, Lucas Guimaraes, Abrigo, Michael R. M., Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I., Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N., Adabi, Maryam, Adair, Tim, Adamu, Abdu A., Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie D., Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O., Adham, Davoud, Advani, Shailesh M., Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshari, Mahdi, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E., Agarwal, Gina, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Agesa, Kareha M., Aghaali, Mohammad, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aji, Budi, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Samiah, Alam, Tahiya, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M., Albertson, Samuel B., Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alema, Niguse Meles, Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhabib, Khalid F., Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Alizade, Hesam, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, Francois, Allebeck, Peter, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi, Ali, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almasri, Nihad A., Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M., Almulhim, Abdulaziz M., Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M., Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alumran, Arwa Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J., Amare, Azmeraw T., Amare, Bekalu, Amini, Saeed, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L., Amugsi, Dickson A., Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, Jason A., Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Androudi, Sofia, Angus, Colin, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari, Iman, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Antony, Catherine M., Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y., Arba, Aseb Arba Kinfe, Aremu, Olatunde, Ariani, Filippo, Aripov, Timur, Armoon, Bahram, Arnlov, Johan, Arowosegbe, Oluwaseyi Olalekan, Aryal, Krishna K., Arzani, Afsaneh, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A., Asgari, Samaneh, Asghari, Babak, Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Assmus, Michael, Atafar, Zahra, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Atre, Sachin R., Atteraya, Madhu Sudhan, Ausloos, Floriane, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel Gbenato Arthur, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Ayza, Muluken Altaye, Azari, Samad, Azarian, Ghasem, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, Azhar, Gulrez, Azzopardi, Peter S., Darshan, B. B., Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Badiye, Ashish D., Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bagli, Eleni, Bahrami, Mohammad Amin, Baig, Atif Amin, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Bakkannavar, Shankar M., Balachandran, Arun, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balassyano, Shelly, Baldasseroni, Alberto, Ball, Kylie, Ballew, Shoshana H., Balzi, Daniela, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K., Banik, Palash Chandra, Bannick, Marlena S., Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Bante, Simachew Animen, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Barboza, Miguel A., Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrero, Lope H., Barthelemy, Celine M., Barua, Lingkan, Barzegar, Akbar, Basaleem, Huda, Bassat, Quique, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T., Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, Bazmandegan, Gholamreza, Becker, Jacob S., Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bejot, Yannick, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye, Bell, Michelle L., Bello, Aminu K., Bender, Rose G., Bennett, Derrick A., Bennitt, Fiona B., Bensenor, Isabela M., Benziger, Catherine P., Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Berman, Adam E., Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S., Bertolacci, Gregory J., Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhageerathy, Reshmi, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bibi, Sadia, Biehl, Molly H., Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Bilano, Ver, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Biondi, Antonio, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, Bisanzio, Donal, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bitew, Helen, Bjorge, Tone, Bockarie, Moses John, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bohluli, Mehdi, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Boon-Dooley, Alexandra S., Borges, Guilherme, Borzi, Antonio Maria, Borzouei, Shiva, Bose, Dipan, Bosetti, Cristina, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Brady, Oliver J., Braithwaite, Dejana, Brauer, Michael, Brayne, Carol, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Breusov, Alexey V., Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M., Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle B., Brugha, Traolach, Bryazka, Dana, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bumgarner, Blair R., Burkart, Katrin, Burnett, Richard Thomas, Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A., Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahill, Leah E., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cai, Tianji, Callender, Charlton S. K. H., Camera, Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Rincon, Julio Cesar Campuzano, Cao, Jackie, Car, Josip, Cardenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Castelpietra, Giulio, Castle, Chris D., Castro, Emma, Castro, Franz, Catala-Lopez, Ferran, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R., Cercy, Kelly M., Cerin, Ester, Chalek, Julian, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Alex R., Chang, Angela Y., Chang, Jung-Chen, Chang, Kai-Lan, Charan, Jaykaran, Charlson, Fiona J., Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chin, Ken Lee, Chirinos-Caceres, Jesus Lorenzo, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Michael T., Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cicuttini, Flavia M., Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cirillo, Massimo, Cislaghi, Beniamino, Classen, Thomas Khaled Dwayne, Cohen, Aaron J., Collins, Emma L., Comfort, Haley, Compton, Kelly, Conti, Sara, Cooper, Owen R., Corso, Barbara, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Cowden, Richard G., Cowie, Benjamin C., Cromwell, Elizabeth A., Croneberger, Andrew J., Cross, Di H., Cross, Marita, Crowe, Christopher Stephen, Cruz, Jessica A., Cummins, Steven, Cunningham, Matthew, Dahlawi, Saad M. A., Dai, Haijiang, Dai, Hancheng, Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura, Damiani, Giovanni, D'Amico, Emanuele, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Dangel, William James, Danielsson, Anna-Karin, Gela, Jiregna Darega, Dargan, Paul I., Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Das, Jai K., Das Gupta, Rajat, Das Neves, Jose, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Davey, Gail, Davila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis, Adrian C., Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, Davletov, Kairat, De Leo, Diego, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Dean, Frances E., DeCleene, Nicole K., Deen, Amanda, Degenhardt, Louisa, DeLang, Marissa, Dellavalle, Robert Paul, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Demsie, Desalegn Getnet, Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar, Dereje, Nebiyu Dereje, Deribe, Kebede, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Rupak, Desalew, Assefa, Dessie, Getenet Ayalew, Deuba, Keshab, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, da Silva, Diana Dias, Diaz, Daniel, Forooshani, Zahra Sadat Dibaji, Dichgans, Martin, Didarloo, Alireza, Dingels, Zachary V., Dippenaar, Ilse N., Dirac, M. Ashworth, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Hoa Thi, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Dolecek, Christiane, Dolgert, Andrew J., Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshi, Chirag P., Doshi, Pratik P., Doshmangir, Leila, Douiri, Abdel, Doxey, Matthew C., Doyle, Kerrie E., Driscoll, Tim Robert, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Dunachie, Susanna J., Duncan, Bruce B., Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Kalan, Mohammad Ebrahimi, Edvardsson, David, Effiong, Andem, Ehrlich, Joshua R., El Nahas, Nevine, El Sayed, Iman, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, El Tantawi, Maha, Elbarazi, Iffat, Elgendy, Islam Y., Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I., Elsharkawy, Aisha, Elyazar, Iqbal R. F., Emamian, Mohammad Hassan, Emmons-Bell, Sophia, Erskine, Holly E., Eshrati, Babak, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Esmaeilzadeh, Firooz, Esteghamati, Alireza, Esteghamati, Sadaf, Estep, Kara, Etemadi, Arash, Etisso, Atkilt Esaiyas, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Fanzo, Jessica, Farag, Tamer, Farahmand, Mohammad, Faraj, Anwar, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Fareed, Mohammad, Faridnia, Roghiyeh, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Farioli, Andrea, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Faruque, Mithila, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fattahi, Nazir, Fazaeli, Ali Akbar, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L., Feldman, Rachel, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Giannina, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferrari, Alize J., Ferreira, Manuela L., Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fisher, James L., Fitzgerald, Ryan, Flohr, Carsten, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A., Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Force, Lisa M., Fornari, Carla, Foroutan, Masoud, Fox, Jack T., Francis, Joel Msafiri, Frank, Tahvi D., Franklin, Richard Charles, Freitas, Marisa, Fu, Weijia, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fukutaki, Kai, Fuller, John E., Fullman, Nancy, Furtado, Joao M., Gad, Mohamed M., Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galles, Natalie C., Gallus, Silvano, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gardner, William M., Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Gebrehiwot, Abiyu Mekonnen, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gebremeskel, Leake G., Gebresillassie, Begashaw Melaku, Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Ayalew Ayalew, Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea, Geremew, Abraham, Hayoon, Anna Gershberg, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W., Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghadimi, Maryam, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghaffarifar, Fatemeh, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghamari, Farhad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghiasvand, Hesam, Ghith, Nermin, Gholamian, Asadollah, Ghosh, Rakesh, Giampaoli, Simona, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K., Gillum, Richard F., Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed, Ginindza, Themba G., Gitimoghaddam, Mojgan, Giussani, Giorgia, Glagn, Mustefa, Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna, Gnedovskaya, Elena V., Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goharinezhad, Salime, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goli, Srinivas, Gomez, Ricardo Santiago, Gona, Philimon N., Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goren, Emily, Gorini, Giuseppe, Gorman, Taren M., Gottlich, Harrison Chase, Goudarzi, Houman, Goudarzian, Amir Hossein, Goulart, Alessandra C., Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia, Grada, Ayman, Greaves, Felix, Grivna, Michal, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gudi, Nachiket, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guimaraes, Andre Luiz Sena, Guimaraes, Rafael Alves, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gultie, Teklemariam, Guo, Gaorui, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Sharan, Subodh, Gupta, Tarun, Haagsma, Juanita A., Hachinski, Vladimir, Haddock, Beatrix, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hafiz, Abdul, Hagins, Hailey, Haile, Lydia M., Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hall, Brian J., Halvaei, Iman, Hamadeh, Randah R., Abdullah, Kanaan Hamagharib, Hameed, Sajid, Hamidi, Samer, Hamilton, Erin B., Hammer, Melanie S., Han, Chieh, Han, Hannah, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J., Haririan, Hamidreza, Haro, Josep Maria, Harvey, James D., Hasaballah, Ahmed I., Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasanpoor, Edris, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hashemian, Maryam, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Amr, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Havmoeller, Rasmus J., Hay, Roderick J., Hay, Simon I., Hayat, Khezar, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Behnam, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Hendrie, Delia, Henny, Kiana, Henok, Andualem, Henrikson, Hannah J., Henry, Nathaniel J., Herbert, Molly E., Herteliu, Claudiu, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hird, Thomas R., Ho, Hung Chak, Hoek, Hans W., Hole, Michael K., Holla, Ramesh, Hollingsworth, Bruce, Hoogar, Praveen, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hoy, Damian G., Hsairi, Mohamed, Hsiao, Thomas, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-Rong, Hu, Guoqing, Hu, Kejia, Huda, Tanvir M., Hugo, Fernando N., Humayun, Ayesha, Hussain, Rabia, Huynh, Chantal K., Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iannucci, Vincent C., Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibeneme, Charles Ugochukwu, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikeda, Nayu, Ikuta, Kevin S., Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Imani-Nasab, Mohammad Hasan, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Ippolito, Helen, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Islam, M. Mofizul, Islam, MdMohaimenul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Ivers, Rebecca Q., Iwu, Chidozie C. D., Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi, Jaafari, Jalil, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafari, Hussain, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalali, Amir, Jalilian, Farzad, James, Spencer L., Janjani, Hosna, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javaheri, Tahereh, Javidnia, Javad, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S., Jia, Peng, Johansson, Lars, John, Oommen, John-Akinola, Yetunde O., Johnson, Catherine Owens, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B., Joo, Tamas, Joshi, Ankur, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jurisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kalani, Hamed, Kalani, Rizwan, Kalankesh, Leila R., Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M., Kamiab, Zahra, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kapoor, Neeti, Matin, Behzad Karami, Karanikolos, Marina, Karch, Andre, Karim, Mohd Anisul, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Karimi, Seyed Asaad, Karimi, Seyed M., Kasa, Ayele Semachew, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Kayode, Gbenga A., Karyani, Ali Kazemi, Keddie, Suzanne H., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Keller, Cathleen, Kemmer, Laura, Kendrick, Parkes J., Kereselidze, Maia, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid, Nauman, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Maseer, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir M., Khater, Mona M., Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khazaei, Salman, Khazaie, Habibolah, Khodayari, Mohammad Taghi, Khoja, Abdullah T., Khubchandani, Jagdish, Khundkar, Roba, Kianipour, Neda, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Cho-Il, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivimaki, Mika, Kneib, Cameron J., Knibbs, Luke D., Knight, Megan, Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo, Kocarnik, Jonathan M., Kochhar, Sonali, Koh, David S. Q., Kohler, Stefan, Kolola, Tufa, Komaki, Hamidreza, Kopec, Jacek A., Korotkova, Anna V., Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotlo, Anirudh, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kraemer, Moritz U. G., Kravchenko, Michael A., Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kromhout, Hans, Shaji, K. S., Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kulkarni, Vaman, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumar, Vivek, Kumaresh, Girikumar, Kurmi, Om P., Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Jennifer O., Lami, Faris Hasan, Lan, Qing, Landires, Ivan, Lang, Justin J., Langan, Sinead M., Lansingh, Van Charles, Lansky, Sonia, Larson, Heidi Jane, Larson, Samantha Leigh, Larsson, Anders, Lasrado, Savita, Lassi, Zohra S., Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming, Lauriola, Paolo, Lavados, Pablo M., Lazarus, Jeffrey V., Leal, Lisiane F., Leasher, Janet L., Ledesma, Jorge R., Lee, Paul H., Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Leever, Andrew T., LeGrand, Kate E., Leigh, James, Leonardi, Matilde, Lescinsky, Haley, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Lewington, Sarah, Li, Bingyu, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lin, Christine, Lin, Ro-Ting, Linehan, Christine, Linn, Shai, Listl, Stefan, Liu, Hung-Chun, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Simin, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Yang, Liu, Zichen, Lo, Justin, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J., Lopez, Alan D., Lopez, Jaifred Christian F., Lopukhov, Platon D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Rafael, Lu, Alton, Lucas, Tim C. D., Lugo, Alessandra, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A., Ma, Jianing, Machado, Daiane Borges, MacLachlan, Jennifer H., Madadin, Mohammed, Maddison, Emilie R., Maddison, Ralph, Madotto, Fabiana, Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy, Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahdavi, Mokhtar Mahdavi, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Mai, Hue Thi, Majeed, Azeem, Malagon-Rojas, Jeadran N., Maled, Venkatesh, Maleki, Afshin, Maleki, Shokofeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Amir, Manafi, Navid, Manda, Ana Laura, Manguerra, Helena, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Herrera, Ana M. 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Suresh Kumar, Shetty, Ranjitha S., Shibuya, Kenji, Shield, Kevin David, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu, Mika, Il Shin, Jae, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shivakumar, K. M., Shrime, Mark G., Shuval, Kerem, Siabani, Soraya, Sierpinski, Radoslaw, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Joao Pedro, Simonetti, Biagio, Simpson, Kyle E., Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Pushpendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Skou, Soren T., Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Amanda, Smith, Emma U. R., Sobngwi, Eugene, Soheili, Amin, Sokhan, Anton, Soltani, Shahin, Somefun, Oluwaseyi Dolapo, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J. 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Q., Kohler, Stefan, Kolola, Tufa, Komaki, Hamidreza, Kopec, Jacek A., Korotkova, Anna V., Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotlo, Anirudh, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kraemer, Moritz U. G., Kravchenko, Michael A., Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kromhout, Hans, Shaji, K. S., Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kulkarni, Vaman, Kumar, G. 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D., Lugo, Alessandra, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A., Ma, Jianing, Machado, Daiane Borges, MacLachlan, Jennifer H., Madadin, Mohammed, Maddison, Emilie R., Maddison, Ralph, Madotto, Fabiana, Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy, Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahdavi, Mokhtar Mahdavi, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Mai, Hue Thi, Majeed, Azeem, Malagon-Rojas, Jeadran N., Maled, Venkatesh, Maleki, Afshin, Maleki, Shokofeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Amir, Manafi, Navid, Manda, Ana Laura, Manguerra, Helena, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Herrera, Ana M. Mantilla, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Maravilla, Joemer C., Marks, Ashley, Martin, Randall V., Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio, Martopullo, Ira, Masaka, Anthony, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Massano, Joao, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mastrogiacomo, Claudia I., Mathur, Manu Raj, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Maulik, Pallab K., May, Erin A., Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J., Mckee, Martin, Medina-Solis, Carlo Eduardo, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Nasab, Entezar Mehrabi, Mehri, Fereshteh, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mehta, Kala M., Meitei, Wahengbam Bigyananda, Mekonnen, Teferi, Melese, Addisu, Memiah, Peter T. N., Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku, Mengesha, Meresa Berwo, Mensah, George A., Mereke, Alibek, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu, Miller, Ted R., Mills, Edward J., Milne, George J., Mini, G. K., Miri, Mohammad, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei, Maryam, Mirzaei, Roya, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen, Mitchell, Philip B., Mithra, Prasanna, Moazen, Babak, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamad, Osama, Mohamadi, Efat, Mohammad, Dara K., Mohammad, Yousef, Mezerji, Naser Mohammad Gholi, Mohammadbeigi, Abolfazl, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohammed, Ammas Siraj, Mohammed, Hussen, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Bandpei, Mohammad A. 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A., Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Pakhare, Abhijit P., Pakshir, Keyvan, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Anamika, Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha, Park, Eun-Kee, Park, James, Parmar, Priya G. Kumari, Parry, Charles D. H., Pasovic, Maja, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, Patel, Jenil R., Patel, Sangram Kishor, Paternina-Caicedo, Angel J., Pathak, Ashish, Pathak, Mona, Patten, Scott B., Patton, George C., Paudel, Deepak, Paudel, Sagun, Paulson, Katherine R., Toroudi, Hamidreza Pazoki, Pease, Spencer A., Peden, Amy E., Pennini, Alyssa, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K., Pereira, Alexandre, Pereira, David M., Pereira, Jeevan, Perico, Norberto, Pescarini, Julia Moreira, Pesudovs, Konrad, Pham, Hai Quang, Phillips, Michael R., Piccinelli, Cristiano, Pierce, Maxwell, Pigott, David M., Pilgrim, Thomas, Pilz, Tessa M., Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A., Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Pishgar, Farhad, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Polibin, Roman V., Polinder, Suzanne, Polkinghorne, Kevan R., Pond, Constance Dimity, Postma, Maarten J., Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourmalek, Farshad, Kalhori, Reza Pourmirza, Pourshams, Akram, Poznanska, Anna, Prada, Sergio I., Prakash, Sanjay, Prakash, V., Prasad, Narayan, Preotescu, Liliana, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Pupillo, Elisabetta, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiee, Ata, Rafiei, Alireza, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, Rajati, Fatemeh, Rakovac, Ivo, Ram, Pradhum, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Ranta, Annemarei, Rao, Puja C., Rao, Sowmya J., Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rastogi, Prateek, Rath, Goura Kishor, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Rawat, Ramu, Razo, Christian, Boston, Sofia, Regassa, Lemma Demissie, Reiner, Robert C., Jr., Reinig, Nickolas, Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nima, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rezapour, Aziz, Rhinehart, Phoebe-Anne, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P., Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, Ribeiro, Daniela, Rickard, Jennifer, Rivera, Juan A., Robalik, Toshana, Roberts, Nicholas L. S., Roberts, Shaun, Robinson, Stephen R., Rodriguez-Ramirez, Sonia, Roever, Leonardo, Rolfe, Sam, Romoli, Michele, Ronfani, Luca, Room, Robin, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostamian, Morteza, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rumisha, Susan Fred, Rwegerera, Godfrey M., Saadatagah, Seyedmohammad, Sabour, Siamak, Sachdev, Perminder S., Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeedi, Reza, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Saeidi, Shahram, Safari, Yahya, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salam, Nasir, Salama, Joseph S., Salamati, Payman, Zahabi, Saleh Salehi, Salem, Hosni, Salem, Marwa R., Salimi, Yahya, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Salman, Omar Mukhtar, Salomon, Joshua A., Salz, Inbal, Samad, Zainab, Kafil, Hossein Samadi, Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan, Sanchez-Pimienta, Tania G., Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Santos, Itamar S., Santos, Joao Vasco, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sattin, Davide, Savic, Miloje, Sawyer, Susan M., Saxena, Deepak, Saxena, Sonia, Saylan, Mete, Sbarra, Alyssa N., Schaeffer, Lauren E., Schiavolin, Silvia, Schlaich, Markus P., Schmidt, Maria Ines, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwebel, David C., Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sekerija, Mario, Senbeta, Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Serdar, Berrin, Serre, Marc L., Servan-Mori, Edson, Sha, Feng, Shabani, Mahsima, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shadid, Jamileh, Shafaat, Omid, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahbaz, Mohammad, Shaheen, Amira A., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S., Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharafi, Zeinab, Sharara, Fablina, Sharifi, Hamid, Sharma, Rajesh, Shaw, David H., Sheena, Brittney S., Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhtaheri, Abbas, Shetty, B. 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M., Zlavog, Bianca S., Zodpey, Sanjay, Lim, Stephen S., and Murray, Christopher J. L.
Abstract: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the post
Published: 2020
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16. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Lozano, Rafael, Fullman, Nancy, Mumford, John Everett, Knight, Megan, Barthelemy, Celine M., Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R.M., Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I., Adabi, Maryam, Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O., Adham, Davoud, Advani, Shailesh M., Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Albertson, Samuel B., Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi, Ali, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almasri, Nihad A., Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M., Almulhim, Abdulaziz M., Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M., Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J., Amini, Saeed, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L., Amugsi, Dickson A., Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Antony, Catherine M., Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y., Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A., Ashbaugh, Charlie, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh d.Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Ayza, Muluken Altaye, Azari, Samad, Azzopardi, Peter S., B, Darshan B., Babaee, Ebrahim, Badiye, Ashish D., Bahrami, Mohammad Amin, Baig, Atif Amin, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Bakkannavar, Shankar M., Balachandran, Arun, Balassyano, Shelly, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K., Banik, Palash Chandra, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Bante, Simachew Animen, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrero, Lope H., Bassat, Quique, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T., Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye, Bell, Michelle L., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berman, Adam E., Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Bilano, Ver, Biondi, Antonio, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, Bockarie, Moses John, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Brady, Oliver J., Braithwaite, Dejana, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M., Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A., Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Castelpietra, Giulio, Castro, Franz, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R., Cercy, Kelly M., Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Angela Y., Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Chin, Ken Lee, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Choi, Jee Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh Toi, Chung, Michael T., Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cirillo, Massimo, Comfort, Haley, Compton, Kelly, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Dahlawi, Saad M.A., Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Davey, Gail, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, De Neve, Jan Walter, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Deribe, Kebede, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Dippenaar, Ilse N., Do, Hoa Thi, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshmangir, Leila, Duncan, Bruce B., Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Edvardsson, David, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Elgendy, Islam Y., Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Esteghamati, Alireza, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Farag, Tamer, Farahmand, Mohammad, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Farinha, Carla Sofia e.Sá, Farioli, Andrea, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L., Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fisher, James L., Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A., Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Foroutan, Masoud, Francis, Joel Msafiri, Fu, Weijia, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Furtado, João M., Gad, Mohamed M., Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galles, Natalie C., Gallus, Silvano, Gardner, William M., Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Gebrehiwot, Abiyu Mekonnen, Gebremeskel, Leake G., Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gholamian, Asadollah, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K., Ginindza, Themba G., Gitimoghaddam, Mojgan, Giussani, Giorgia, Glagn, Mustefa, Gnedovskaya, Elena V., Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goharinezhad, Salime, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goudarzian, Amir Hossein, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gultie, Teklemariam, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Rahul, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hafiz, Abdul, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Hamadeh, Randah R., Hameed, Sajid, Hamidi, Samer, Han, Chieh, Han, Hannah, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J., Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I., Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassan, Amr, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Havmoeller, Rasmus J., Hay, Simon I., Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Hendrie, Delia, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hird, Thomas R., Ho, Hung Chak, Hole, Michael K., Holla, Ramesh, Hollingsworth, Bruce, Hoogar, Praveen, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsieh, Vivian Chia rong, Hu, Guoqing, Huda, Tanvir M., Humayun, Ayesha, Hwang, Bing Fang, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikeda, Nayu, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Islam, M. Mofizul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Iwu, Chidozie C.D., Jaafari, Jalil, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janjani, Hosna, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S., Jia, Peng, John-Akinola, Yetunde O., Jonas, Jost B., Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R., Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M., Kanchan, Tanuj, Kapoor, Neeti, Karami Matin, Behzad, Karanikolos, Marina, Karimi, Seyed M., Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kayode, Gbenga A., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir M., Khater, Mona M., Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kianipour, Neda, Kim, Young Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, Kivimäki, Mika, Kneib, Cameron J., Kocarnik, Jonathan M., Kochhar, Sonali, Kohler, Stefan, Kopec, Jacek A., Korotkova, Anna V., Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotlo, Anirudh, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kugbey, Nuworza, Kulkarni, Vaman, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Manasi, Kurmi, Om P., Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Landires, Iván, Lansingh, Van Charles, Larsson, Anders O., Lasrado, Savita, Lau, Kathryn Mei Ming, Lauriola, Paolo, Lazarus, Jeffrey V., Ledesma, Jorge R., Lee, Paul H., Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Leever, Andrew T., LeGrand, Kate E., Leigh, James, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Stephen S., Lim, Lee Ling, Liu, Xuefeng, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D., Lopukhov, Platon D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Lu, Alton, Ma, Jianing, Madadin, Mohammed, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Majeed, Azeem, Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N., Maleki, Shokofeh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mastrogiacomo, Claudia I., Mathur, Manu Raj, McAlinden, Colm, McKee, Martin, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mehri, Fereshteh, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mekonnen, Teferi, Melese, Addisu, Memiah, Peter T.N., Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Tuomo J., Meretoja, Atte, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mirzaei, Maryam, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Mitchell, Philip B., Moazen, Babak, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohamadi, Efat, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad, Dara K., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Mondello, Stefania, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Moraga, Paula, Morgado-da-Costa, Joana, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mosapour, Abbas, Mosser, Jonathan F., Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, Muriithi, Moses K., Mustafa, Ghulam, Nabhan, Ashraf F., Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nayak, Vinod C., Nazari, Javad, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Neupane, Subas, Ngari, Kiirithio N., Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Diep Ngoc, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nnaji, Chukwudi A., Nomura, Shuhei, Norheim, Ole F., Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nowak, Christoph, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, Otoiu, Adrian, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oh, In Hwan, Okunga, Emmanuel Wandera, Oladnabi, Morteza, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Muktar Omer, Ong, Kanyin L., Onwujekwe, Obinna E., Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V.V., Ortiz, Alberto, Ostojic, Sergej M., Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S., Øverland, Simon, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha, Pathak, Mona, Patton, George C., Paudel, Sagun, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, Pease, Spencer A., Peden, Amy E., Pennini, Alyssa, Peprah, Emmanuel K., Pereira, Jeevan, Pigott, David M., Pilgrim, Thomas, Pilz, Tessa M., Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A., Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourmalek, Farshad, Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza, Pourshams, Akram, Prada, Sergio I., Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Pupillo, Elisabetta, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Radfar, Amir, Rafiee, Ata, Rafiei, Alireza, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Sowmya J., Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rath, Goura Kishor, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razo, Christian, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Rezaei, Nima, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, Rickard, Jennifer, Roberts, Nicholas L.S., Roever, Leonardo, Romoli, Michele, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rwegerera, Godfrey M., Sabour, Siamak, Sachdev, Perminder S., Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Safari, Yahya, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salem, Marwa R.Rashad, Salem, Hosni, Salomon, Joshua, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sattin, Davide, Savic, Miloje, Sawyer, Susan M., Saxena, Deepak, Sbarra, Alyssa N., Schaeffer, Lauren E., Schiavolin, Silvia, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwebel, David C., Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sha, Feng, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaheen, Amira A., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharara, Fablina, Sharifi, Hamid, Shaw, David H., Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhtaheri, Abbas, Shetty, B. Suresh Kumar, Shibuya, Kenji, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shivakumar, K. M., Shrime, Mark G., Shuval, Kerem, Siabani, Soraya, Sierpinski, Radoslaw, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Simonetti, Biagio, Simpson, Kyle E., Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Pushpendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Smith, Emma U.R., Soheili, Amin, Soltani, Shahin, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J.D., Soriano, Joan B., Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Caroline, Stokes, Mark A., Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sultan, Iyad, Szumowski, Łukasz, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Taherkhani, Amir, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Tanser, Frank C., Tareque, Md Ismail, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Teagle, Whitney L., Tediosi, Fabrizio, Tefera, Yonas Getaye Getaye, Tela, Freweini Gebrearegay, 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Jee Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh Toi, Chung, Michael T., Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cirillo, Massimo, Comfort, Haley, Compton, Kelly, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Dahlawi, Saad M.A., Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Davey, Gail, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, De Neve, Jan Walter, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Deribe, Kebede, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Dippenaar, Ilse N., Do, Hoa Thi, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshmangir, Leila, Duncan, Bruce B., Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Edvardsson, David, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Elgendy, Islam Y., Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Esteghamati, Alireza, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Farag, Tamer, Farahmand, Mohammad, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Farinha, Carla Sofia e.Sá, Farioli, Andrea, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L., Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fisher, James L., Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A., Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Foroutan, Masoud, Francis, Joel Msafiri, Fu, Weijia, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Furtado, João M., Gad, Mohamed M., Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galles, Natalie C., Gallus, Silvano, Gardner, William M., Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Gebrehiwot, Abiyu Mekonnen, Gebremeskel, Leake G., Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gholamian, Asadollah, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K., Ginindza, Themba G., Gitimoghaddam, Mojgan, Giussani, Giorgia, Glagn, Mustefa, Gnedovskaya, Elena V., Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goharinezhad, Salime, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goudarzian, Amir Hossein, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gultie, Teklemariam, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Rahul, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hafiz, Abdul, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Hamadeh, Randah R., Hameed, Sajid, Hamidi, Samer, Han, Chieh, Han, Hannah, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J., Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I., Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassan, Amr, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Havmoeller, Rasmus J., Hay, Simon I., Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Hendrie, Delia, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hird, Thomas R., Ho, Hung Chak, Hole, Michael K., Holla, Ramesh, Hollingsworth, Bruce, Hoogar, Praveen, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsieh, Vivian Chia rong, Hu, Guoqing, Huda, Tanvir M., Humayun, Ayesha, Hwang, Bing Fang, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikeda, Nayu, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Islam, M. Mofizul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Iwu, Chidozie C.D., Jaafari, Jalil, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janjani, Hosna, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S., Jia, Peng, John-Akinola, Yetunde O., Jonas, Jost B., Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R., Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M., Kanchan, Tanuj, Kapoor, Neeti, Karami Matin, Behzad, Karanikolos, Marina, Karimi, Seyed M., Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kayode, Gbenga A., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir M., Khater, Mona M., Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kianipour, Neda, Kim, Young Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, Kivimäki, Mika, Kneib, Cameron J., Kocarnik, Jonathan M., Kochhar, Sonali, Kohler, Stefan, Kopec, Jacek A., Korotkova, Anna V., Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotlo, Anirudh, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kugbey, Nuworza, Kulkarni, Vaman, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Manasi, Kurmi, Om P., Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Landires, Iván, Lansingh, Van Charles, Larsson, Anders O., Lasrado, Savita, Lau, Kathryn Mei Ming, Lauriola, Paolo, Lazarus, Jeffrey V., Ledesma, Jorge R., Lee, Paul H., Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Leever, Andrew T., LeGrand, Kate E., Leigh, James, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Stephen S., Lim, Lee Ling, Liu, Xuefeng, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D., Lopukhov, Platon D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Lu, Alton, Ma, Jianing, Madadin, Mohammed, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Majeed, Azeem, Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N., Maleki, Shokofeh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mastrogiacomo, Claudia I., Mathur, Manu Raj, McAlinden, Colm, McKee, Martin, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mehri, Fereshteh, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mekonnen, Teferi, Melese, Addisu, Memiah, Peter T.N., Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Tuomo J., Meretoja, Atte, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mirzaei, Maryam, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Mitchell, Philip B., Moazen, Babak, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohamadi, Efat, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad, Dara K., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Mondello, Stefania, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Moraga, Paula, Morgado-da-Costa, Joana, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mosapour, Abbas, Mosser, Jonathan F., Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, Muriithi, Moses K., Mustafa, Ghulam, Nabhan, Ashraf F., Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nayak, Vinod C., Nazari, Javad, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Neupane, Subas, Ngari, Kiirithio N., Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Diep Ngoc, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nnaji, Chukwudi A., Nomura, Shuhei, Norheim, Ole F., Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nowak, Christoph, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, Otoiu, Adrian, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oh, In Hwan, Okunga, Emmanuel Wandera, Oladnabi, Morteza, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Muktar Omer, Ong, Kanyin L., Onwujekwe, Obinna E., Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V.V., Ortiz, Alberto, Ostojic, Sergej M., Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S., Øverland, Simon, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha, Pathak, Mona, Patton, George C., Paudel, Sagun, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, Pease, Spencer A., Peden, Amy E., Pennini, Alyssa, Peprah, Emmanuel K., Pereira, Jeevan, Pigott, David M., Pilgrim, Thomas, Pilz, Tessa M., Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A., Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourmalek, Farshad, Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza, Pourshams, Akram, Prada, Sergio I., Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Pupillo, Elisabetta, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Radfar, Amir, Rafiee, Ata, Rafiei, Alireza, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Sowmya J., Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rath, Goura Kishor, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razo, Christian, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Rezaei, Nima, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, Rickard, Jennifer, Roberts, Nicholas L.S., Roever, Leonardo, Romoli, Michele, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rwegerera, Godfrey M., Sabour, Siamak, Sachdev, Perminder S., Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Safari, Yahya, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S. 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Abstract: Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UH
Published: 2020

17. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Lozano, R, Fullman, N, Mumford, J, Knight, M, Barthelemy, C, Abbafati, C, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdollahi, M, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, A, Abreu, L, Abrigo, M, Abu Haimed, A, Abushouk, A, Adabi, M, Adebayo, O, Adekanmbi, V, Adelson, J, Adetokunboh, O, Adham, D, Advani, S, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agasthi, P, Aghamir, S, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Akinyemi, R, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Albertson, S, Alemu, Y, Alhassan, R, Ali, M, Ali, S, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Almadi, M, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, N, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Almulhim, A, Alonso, J, Al-Raddadi, R, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Amini, S, Amini-Rarani, M, Amiri, F, Amit, A, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonio, C, Antony, C, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aravkin, A, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, A, Ashbaugh, C, Athari, S, Atout, M, 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Abstract: Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC e
Published: 2020

18. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasi, Mohammad, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abrams, Elissa M, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Acebedo, Alyssa, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie D, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adham, Davoud, Afshari, Mahdi, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Agarwal, Gina, Agesa, Kareha M, Aghaali, Mohammad, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akombi, Blessing, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Samiah, Alam, Tahiya, Alanzi, Turki M, Albertson, Samuel B, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alema, Niguse Meles, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari, Iman, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ariani, Filippo, Ärnlöv, Johan, Aryal, Krishna K, Arzani, Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, Asghari, Babak, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atre, Sachin R, Ausloos, Floriane, Ausloos, Marcel, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azarian, Ghasem, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balassyano, Shelly, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bannick, Marlena S, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barthelemy, Celine M, Barua, Lingkan, Barzegar, Akbar, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bazmandegan, Gholamreza, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bello, Aminu K, Bender, Rose G, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennitt, Fiona B, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benziger, Catherine P, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bertolacci, Gregory J, Bhageerathy, Reshmi, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Biehl, Molly H, Bikbov, Boris, 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Abstract: Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th a
Published: 2020

19. Mortality, morbidity, and hospitalisations due to influenza lower respiratory tract infections, 2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson, Troeger, Christopher E, Blacker, Brigette F, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Albertson, Samuel B, Abate, Degu, Abdela, Jemal, Ballav Adhikari, Tara, and Aghasi Aghayan, Sargis
Subjects: Mortality, Morbidity, Lower respiratory tract infections
Abstract: Background Although the burden of influenza is often discussed in the context of historical pandemics and the threat of future pandemics, every year a substantial burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and other respiratory conditions (like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are attributable to seasonal influenza. The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2017 is a systematic scientific effort to quantify the health loss associated with a comprehensive set of diseases and disabilities. In this Article, we focus on LRTIs that can be attributed to influenza. Methods We modelled the LRTI incidence, hospitalisations, and mortality attributable to influenza for every country and selected subnational locations by age and year from 1990 to 2017 as part of GBD 2017. We used a counterfactual approach that first estimated the LRTI incidence, hospitalisations, and mortality and then attributed a fraction of those outcomes to influenza. Findings Influenza LRTI was responsible for an estimated 145 000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99 000–200 000) deaths among all ages in 2017. The influenza LRTI mortality rate was highest among adults older than 70 years (16·4 deaths per 100 000 [95% UI 11·6–21·9]), and the highest rate among all ages was in eastern Europe (5·2 per 100 000 population [95% UI 3·5–7·2]). We estimated that influenza LRTIs accounted for 9 459000 (95% UI 3 709000–22 935000) hospitalisations due to LRTIs and 81 536 000 hospital days (24 330 000–259851 000). We estimated that 11·5% (95% UI 10·0–12·9) of LRTI episodes were attributable to influenza, corresponding to 54481 000 (38465000–73864000) episodes and 8172000 severe episodes (5 000 000–13 296000). Interpretation This comprehensive assessment of the burden of influenza LRTIs shows the substantial annual effect of influenza on global health. Although preparedness planning will be important for potential pandemics, health loss due to seasonal influenza LRTIs should not be overlooked, and vaccine use should be considered. Efforts to improve influenza prevention measures are needed.
Published: 2019

20. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Lozano, Rafael, primary, Fullman, Nancy, additional, Mumford, John Everett, additional, Knight, Megan, additional, Barthelemy, Celine M, additional, Abbafati, Cristiana, additional, Abbastabar, Hedayat, additional, Abd-Allah, Foad, additional, Abdollahi, Mohammad, additional, Abedi, Aidin, additional, Abolhassani, Hassan, additional, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, additional, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, additional, Abrigo, Michael R M, additional, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, additional, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, additional, Adabi, Maryam, additional, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, additional, Adekanmbi, Victor, additional, Adelson, Jaimie, additional, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, additional, Adham, Davoud, additional, Advani, Shailesh M, additional, Afshin, Ashkan, additional, Agarwal, Gina, additional, Agasthi, Pradyumna, additional, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, additional, Agrawal, Anurag, additional, Ahmad, Tauseef, additional, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, additional, Alahdab, Fares, additional, Al-Aly, Ziyad, additional, Alam, Khurshid, additional, Albertson, Samuel B, additional, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, additional, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, additional, Ali, Muhammad, additional, Ali, Saqib, additional, Alipour, Vahid, additional, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, additional, Alla, François, additional, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, additional, Almasi, Ali, additional, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, additional, Almasri, Nihad A, additional, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, additional, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, additional, Alonso, Jordi, additional, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, additional, Altirkawi, Khalid A, additional, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, additional, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, additional, Amini, Saeed, additional, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, additional, Amiri, Fatemeh, additional, Amit, Arianna Maever L, additional, Amugsi, Dickson A, additional, Ancuceanu, Robert, additional, Anderlini, Deanna, additional, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, additional, Androudi, Sofia, additional, Ansari, Fereshteh, additional, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, additional, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, additional, Antony, Catherine M, additional, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, additional, Anvari, Davood, additional, Anwer, Razique, additional, Arabloo, Jalal, additional, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, additional, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, additional, Aremu, Olatunde, additional, Ärnlöv, Johan, additional, Asaad, Malke, additional, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, additional, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, additional, Ashbaugh, Charlie, additional, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, additional, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, additional, Ausloos, Marcel, additional, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, additional, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, additional, Ayano, Getinet, additional, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, additional, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, additional, Aynalem, Getie Lake, additional, Ayza, Muluken Altaye, additional, Azari, Samad, additional, Azzopardi, Peter S, additional, B, Darshan B, additional, Babaee, Ebrahim, additional, Badiye, Ashish D, additional, Bahrami, Mohammad Amin, additional, Baig, Atif Amin, additional, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, additional, Bakhtiari, Ahad, additional, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, additional, Balachandran, Arun, additional, Balassyano, Shelly, additional, Banach, Maciej, additional, Banerjee, Srikanta K, additional, Banik, Palash Chandra, additional, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, additional, Bante, Simachew Animen, additional, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, additional, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, additional, Barrero, Lope H, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Basu, Sanjay, additional, Baune, Bernhard T, additional, Bayati, Mohsen, additional, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, additional, Bedi, Neeraj, additional, Beghi, Ettore, additional, Behzadifar, Masoud, additional, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye, additional, Bell, Michelle L, additional, Bensenor, Isabela M, additional, Berman, Adam E, additional, Bernabe, Eduardo, additional, Bernstein, Robert S, additional, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, additional, Bhandari, Dinesh, additional, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, additional, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, additional, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, additional, Bhattarai, Suraj, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, additional, Bijani, Ali, additional, Bikbov, Boris, additional, Bilano, Ver, additional, Biondi, Antonio, additional, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, additional, Bockarie, Moses John, additional, Bohlouli, Somayeh, additional, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, additional, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, additional, Boloor, Archith, additional, Brady, Oliver J, additional, Braithwaite, Dejana, additional, Briant, Paul Svitil, additional, Briggs, Andrew M, additional, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, additional, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, additional, Busse, Reinhard, additional, Butt, Zahid A, additional, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, additional, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, additional, Cámera, Luis Alberto, additional, Cárdenas, Rosario, additional, Carreras, Giulia, additional, Carrero, Juan J, additional, Carvalho, Felix, additional, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, additional, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, additional, Castelpietra, Giulio, additional, Castro, Franz, additional, Catalá-López, Ferrán, additional, Causey, Kate, additional, Cederroth, Christopher R, additional, Cercy, Kelly M, additional, Cerin, Ester, additional, Chandan, Joht Singh, additional, Chang, Angela Y, additional, Charan, Jaykaran, additional, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, additional, Chaturvedi, Sarika, additional, Chin, Ken Lee, additional, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, additional, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, additional, Christensen, Hanne, additional, Chu, Dinh-Toi, additional, Chung, Michael T, additional, Ciobanu, Liliana G, additional, Cirillo, Massimo, additional, Comfort, Haley, additional, Compton, Kelly, additional, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, additional, Costa, Vera Marisa, additional, Cousin, Ewerton, additional, Dahlawi, Saad M A, additional, Damiani, Giovanni, additional, Dandona, Lalit, additional, Dandona, Rakhi, additional, Darega Gela, Jiregna, additional, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, additional, Daryani, Ahmad, additional, Dash, Aditya Prasad, additional, Davey, Gail, additional, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, additional, Davletov, Kairat, additional, De Neve, Jan-Walter, additional, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, additional, Deribe, Kebede, additional, Dervenis, Nikolaos, additional, Desai, Rupak, additional, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, additional, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, additional, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, additional, Dias da Silva, Diana, additional, Diaz, Daniel, additional, Dippenaar, Ilse N, additional, Do, Hoa Thi, additional, Dorostkar, Fariba, additional, Doshmangir, Leila, additional, Duncan, Bruce B, additional, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, additional, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, additional, Edvardsson, David, additional, El Sayed, Iman, additional, El Tantawi, Maha, additional, Elgendy, Islam Y, additional, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, additional, Eskandari, Khalil, additional, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, additional, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, additional, Esteghamati, Alireza, additional, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, additional, Farag, Tamer, additional, Farahmand, Mohammad, additional, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, additional, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, additional, Farioli, Andrea, additional, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, additional, Faro, Andre, additional, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, additional, Feigin, Valery L, additional, Fernandes, Eduarda, additional, Ferrara, Pietro, additional, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, additional, Filip, Irina, additional, Fischer, Florian, additional, Fisher, James L, additional, Flor, Luisa Sorio, additional, Foigt, Nataliya A, additional, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, additional, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, additional, Foroutan, Masoud, additional, Francis, Joel Msafiri, additional, Fu, Weijia, additional, Fukumoto, Takeshi, additional, Furtado, João M, additional, Gad, Mohamed M, additional, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, additional, Gakidou, Emmanuela, additional, Galles, Natalie C, additional, Gallus, Silvano, additional, Gardner, William M, additional, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, additional, Gebrehiwot, Abiyu Mekonnen, additional, Gebremeskel, Leake G, additional, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, additional, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, additional, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, additional, Ghafourifard, Mansour, additional, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, additional, Ghith, Nermin, additional, Gholamian, Asadollah, additional, Gilani, Syed Amir, additional, Gill, Paramjit Singh, additional, Gill, Tiffany K, additional, Ginindza, Themba G, additional, Gitimoghaddam, Mojgan, additional, Giussani, Giorgia, additional, Glagn, Mustefa, additional, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, additional, Godinho, Myron Anthony, additional, Goharinezhad, Salime, additional, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, additional, Goudarzian, Amir Hossein, additional, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, additional, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, additional, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, additional, Guled, Rashid Abdi, additional, Gultie, Teklemariam, additional, Guo, Yuming, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Gupta, Rahul, additional, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, additional, Hafiz, Abdul, additional, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, additional, Hamadeh, Randah R, additional, Hameed, Sajid, additional, Hamidi, Samer, additional, Han, Chieh, additional, Han, Hannah, additional, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, additional, Hanif, Asif, additional, Hankey, Graeme J, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, additional, Hasan, Md Mehedi, additional, Hashi, Abdiwahab, additional, Hassan, Shoaib, additional, Hassan, Amr, additional, Hassanipour, Soheil, additional, Hassankhani, Hadi, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, additional, Hay, Simon I, additional, Hayat, Khezar, additional, Heidari, Golnaz, additional, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, additional, Hendrie, Delia, additional, Herteliu, Claudiu, additional, Hird, Thomas R, additional, Ho, Hung Chak, additional, Hole, Michael K, additional, Holla, Ramesh, additional, Hollingsworth, Bruce, additional, Hoogar, Praveen, additional, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, additional, Horita, Nobuyuki, additional, Hossain, Naznin, additional, Hosseini, Mostafa, additional, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, additional, Hostiuc, Mihaela, additional, Hostiuc, Sorin, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, additional, Hu, Guoqing, additional, Huda, Tanvir M, additional, Humayun, Ayesha, additional, Hwang, Bing-Fang, additional, Iavicoli, Ivo, additional, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, additional, Ikeda, Nayu, additional, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, additional, Ilic, Irena M, additional, Ilic, Milena D, additional, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, additional, Iqbal, Usman, additional, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, additional, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, additional, Islam, M Mofizul, additional, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, additional, Islami, Farhad, additional, Iso, Hiroyasu, additional, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, additional, Iwu, Chidozie C D, additional, Jaafari, Jalil, additional, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, additional, Jafarinia, Morteza, additional, Jahagirdar, Deepa, additional, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, additional, Jahanmehr, Nader, additional, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, additional, Janjani, Hosna, additional, Javaheri, Tahereh, additional, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, additional, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, additional, Jha, Ravi Prakash, additional, Jha, Vivekanand, additional, Ji, John S, additional, Jia, Peng, additional, John-Akinola, Yetunde O, additional, Jonas, Jost B, additional, Joukar, Farahnaz, additional, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, additional, Jürisson, Mikk, additional, Kabir, Zubair, additional, Kalankesh, Leila R, additional, Kalhor, Rohollah, additional, Kamath, Aruna M, additional, Kanchan, Tanuj, additional, Kapoor, Neeti, additional, Karami Matin, Behzad, additional, Karanikolos, Marina, additional, Karimi, Seyed M, additional, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Kayode, Gbenga A, additional, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, additional, Khader, Yousef Saleh, additional, Khammarnia, Mohammad, additional, Khan, Maseer, additional, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, additional, Khang, Young-Ho, additional, Khatab, Khaled, additional, Khater, Amir M, additional, Khater, Mona M, additional, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, additional, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, additional, Khubchandani, Jagdish, additional, Kianipour, Neda, additional, Kim, Young-Eun, additional, Kim, Yun Jin, additional, Kimokoti, Ruth W, additional, Kinfu, Yohannes, additional, Kisa, Adnan, additional, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, additional, Kivimäki, Mika, additional, Kneib, Cameron J, additional, Kocarnik, Jonathan M, additional, Kochhar, Sonali, additional, Kohler, Stefan, additional, Kopec, Jacek A, additional, Korotkova, Anna V, additional, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, additional, Kosen, Soewarta, additional, Kotlo, Anirudh, additional, Koul, Parvaiz A, additional, Koyanagi, Ai, additional, Krishan, Kewal, additional, Krohn, Kris J, additional, Kugbey, Nuworza, additional, Kulkarni, Vaman, additional, Kumar, G Anil, additional, Kumar, Nithin, additional, Kumar, Manasi, additional, Kurmi, Om P, additional, Kusuma, Dian, additional, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, additional, La Vecchia, Carlo, additional, Lacey, Ben, additional, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, additional, Lalloo, Ratilal, additional, Landires, Iván, additional, Lansingh, Van Charles, additional, Larsson, Anders O, additional, Lasrado, Savita, additional, Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming, additional, Lauriola, Paolo, additional, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, additional, Ledesma, Jorge R, additional, Lee, Paul H, additional, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, additional, Leever, Andrew T, additional, LeGrand, Kate E, additional, Leigh, James, additional, Leonardi, Matilde, additional, Li, Shanshan, additional, Lim, Stephen S, additional, Lim, Lee-Ling, additional, Liu, Xuefeng, additional, Logroscino, Giancarlo, additional, Lopez, Alan D, additional, Lopukhov, Platon D, additional, Lotufo, Paulo A, additional, Lu, Alton, additional, Ma, Jianing, additional, Madadin, Mohammed, additional, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, additional, Mahmoudi, Morteza, additional, Majeed, Azeem, additional, Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N, additional, Maleki, Shokofeh, additional, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, additional, Mansouri, Borhan, additional, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, additional, Martini, Santi, additional, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, additional, Martopullo, Ira, additional, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, additional, Mastrogiacomo, Claudia I, additional, Mathur, Manu Raj, additional, McAlinden, Colm, additional, McKee, Martin, additional, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, additional, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, additional, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, additional, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, additional, Mehri, Fereshteh, additional, Mehrotra, Ravi, additional, Mekonnen, Teferi, additional, Melese, Addisu, additional, Memiah, Peter T N, additional, Mendoza, Walter, additional, Menezes, Ritesh G, additional, Mensah, George A, additional, Meretoja, Tuomo J, additional, Meretoja, Atte, additional, Mestrovic, Tomislav, additional, Miazgowski, Bartosz, additional, Michalek, Irmina Maria, additional, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, additional, Mirzaei, Maryam, additional, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, additional, Mitchell, Philip B, additional, Moazen, Babak, additional, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, additional, Mohamadi, Efat, additional, Mohammad, Yousef, additional, Mohammad, Dara K, additional, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, additional, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, additional, Mohammed, Shafiu, additional, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, additional, Mokdad, Ali H, additional, Monasta, Lorenzo, additional, Mondello, Stefania, additional, Moradi, Masoud, additional, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, additional, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, additional, Moraga, Paula, additional, Morgado-da-Costa, Joana, additional, Morrison, Shane Douglas, additional, Mosapour, Abbas, additional, Mosser, Jonathan F, additional, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, additional, Muriithi, Moses K, additional, Mustafa, Ghulam, additional, Nabhan, Ashraf F, additional, Naderi, Mehdi, additional, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, additional, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, additional, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, additional, Nangia, Vinay, additional, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, additional, Nayak, Vinod C, additional, Nazari, Javad, additional, Ndejjo, Rawlance, additional, Negoi, Ionut, additional, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, additional, Neupane, Subas, additional, Ngari, Kiirithio N, additional, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, additional, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, additional, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, additional, Nguyen, Diep Ngoc, additional, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, additional, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, additional, Nomura, Shuhei, additional, Norheim, Ole F, additional, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, additional, Nowak, Christoph, additional, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, additional, Otoiu, Adrian, additional, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, additional, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, additional, Oh, In-Hwan, additional, Okunga, Emmanuel Wandera, additional, Oladnabi, Morteza, additional, Olagunju, Andrew T, additional, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, additional, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, additional, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, additional, Omar Bali, Ahmed, additional, Omer, Muktar Omer, additional, Ong, Kanyin L, additional, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, additional, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V V, additional, Ortiz, Alberto, additional, Ostojic, Sergej M, additional, Otstavnov, Nikita, additional, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, additional, Øverland, Simon, additional, Owolabi, Mayowa O, additional, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao., additional, Pakhale, Smita, additional, Palladino, Raffaele, additional, Pana, Adrian, additional, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, additional, Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha, additional, Pathak, Mona, additional, Patton, George C, additional, Paudel, Sagun, additional, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, additional, Pease, Spencer A, additional, Peden, Amy E, additional, Pennini, Alyssa, additional, Peprah, Emmanuel K, additional, Pereira, Jeevan, additional, Pigott, David M, additional, Pilgrim, Thomas, additional, Pilz, Tessa M, additional, Pinheiro, Marina, additional, Piradov, Michael A, additional, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, additional, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, additional, Postma, Maarten J, additional, Pourjafar, Hadi, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza, additional, Pourshams, Akram, additional, Prada, Sergio I, additional, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, additional, Pupillo, Elisabetta, additional, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, additional, Radfar, Amir, additional, Rafiee, Ata, additional, Rafiei, Alireza, additional, Raggi, Alberto, additional, Rahim, Fakher, additional, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, additional, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, additional, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, additional, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, additional, Rao, Sowmya J, additional, Rasella, Davide, additional, Rashedi, Vahid, additional, Rath, Goura Kishor, additional, Rathi, Priya, additional, Rawaf, Salman, additional, Rawaf, David Laith, additional, Rawal, Lal, additional, Rawassizadeh, Reza, additional, Razo, Christian, additional, Renjith, Vishnu, additional, Renzaho, Andre M N, additional, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, additional, Rezaei, Nima, additional, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, additional, Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, additional, Rickard, Jennifer, additional, Roberts, Nicholas L S, additional, Roever, Leonardo, additional, Romoli, Michele, additional, Ronfani, Luca, additional, Roshandel, Gholamreza, additional, Rubagotti, Enrico, additional, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, additional, Sabour, Siamak, additional, Sachdev, Perminder S, additional, Saddik, Basema, additional, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, additional, Sadeghi, Ehsan, additional, Safari, Yahya, additional, Sagar, Rajesh, additional, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, additional, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, additional, Sajadi, S. Mohammad, additional, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, additional, Salem, Marwa R Rashad, additional, Salem, Hosni, additional, Salomon, Joshua, additional, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, additional, Samy, Abdallah M, additional, Sanabria, Juan, additional, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, additional, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, additional, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, additional, Sartorius, Benn, additional, Sarveazad, Arash, additional, Sathian, Brijesh, additional, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, additional, Sattin, Davide, additional, Savic, Miloje, additional, Sawyer, Susan M, additional, Saxena, Deepak, additional, Sbarra, Alyssa N, additional, Schaeffer, Lauren E, additional, Schiavolin, Silvia, additional, Schmidt, Maria Inês, additional, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, additional, Schwebel, David C, additional, Schwendicke, Falk, additional, Seedat, Soraya, additional, Sha, Feng, additional, Shahabi, Saeed, additional, Shaheen, Amira A, additional, Shaikh, Masood Ali, additional, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, additional, Shannawaz, Mohammed, additional, Sharafi, Kiomars, additional, Sharara, Fablina, additional, Sharifi, Hamid, additional, Shaw, David H, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Sheikhtaheri, Abbas, additional, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, additional, Shibuya, Kenji, additional, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, additional, Shigematsu, Mika, additional, Shin, Jae Il, additional, Shiri, Rahman, additional, Shirkoohi, Reza, additional, Shivakumar, K M, additional, Shrime, Mark G, additional, Shuval, Kerem, additional, Siabani, Soraya, additional, Sierpinski, Radoslaw, additional, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, additional, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, additional, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, additional, Silva, João Pedro, additional, Simonetti, Biagio, additional, Simpson, Kyle E, additional, Singh, Jasvinder A, additional, Singh, Pushpendra, additional, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, additional, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, additional, Smith, Emma U R, additional, Soheili, Amin, additional, Soltani, Shahin, additional, Soofi, Moslem, additional, Sorensen, Reed J.D., additional, Soriano, Joan B, additional, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, additional, Soyiri, Ireneous N, additional, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, additional, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, additional, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, additional, Steel, Nicholas, additional, Stein, Caroline, additional, Stokes, Mark A, additional, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, additional, Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul, additional, Sultan, Iyad, additional, Szumowski, Łukasz, additional, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, additional, Tabuchi, Takahiro, additional, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, additional, Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu, additional, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, additional, Taherkhani, Amir, additional, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, additional, Tanser, Frank C, additional, Tareque, Md Ismail, additional, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, additional, Teagle, Whitney L, additional, Tediosi, Fabrizio, additional, Tefera, Yonas Getaye Getaye, additional, Tela, Freweini Gebrearegay, additional, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, additional, Thakur, Bhaskar, additional, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, additional, Tonelli, Marcello, additional, Topor-Madry, Roman, additional, Topouzis, Fotis, additional, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto Roberto, additional, Tran, Bach Xuan, additional, Travillian, Ravensara, additional, Troeger, Christopher E, additional, Tudor Car, Lorainne, additional, Uddin, Riaz, additional, Ullah, Irfan, additional, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, additional, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, additional, Upadhyay, Era, additional, Uthman, Olalekan A, additional, Vacante, Marco, additional, Valdez, Pascual R, additional, Varughese, Santosh, additional, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, additional, Vasseghian, Yasser, additional, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, additional, Violante, Francesco S, additional, Vlassov, Vasily, additional, Vollset, Stein Emil, additional, Vongpradith, Avina, additional, Vos, Theo, additional, Waheed, Yasir, additional, Walters, Magdalene K, 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Zamani, Mohammad, additional, Zamanian, Maryam, additional, Zandian, Hamed, additional, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, additional, Zewdie, Kaleab Alemayehu, additional, Zhang, Yunquan, additional, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, additional, Zhao, Yingxi, additional, Zheng, Peng, additional, Zhu, Cong, additional, Ziapour, Arash, additional, Zlavog, Bianca S, additional, Zodpey, Sanjay, additional, and Murray, Christopher J L, additional
Published: 2020
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21. Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Murray, Christopher J L, primary, Abbafati, Cristiana, additional, Abbas, Kaja M, additional, Abbasi, Mohammad, additional, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, additional, Abd-Allah, Foad, additional, Abdollahi, Mohammad, additional, Abedi, Parisa, additional, Abedi, Aidin, additional, Abolhassani, Hassan, additional, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, additional, Abrigo, Michael R M, additional, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, additional, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, additional, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, additional, Acebedo, Alyssa, additional, Ackerman, Ilana N, additional, Adabi, Maryam, additional, Adamu, Abdu A, additional, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, additional, Adelson, Jaimie D, additional, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, additional, Afarideh, Mohsen, additional, Afshin, Ashkan, additional, Agarwal, Gina, additional, Agrawal, Anurag, additional, Ahmad, Tauseef, additional, Ahmadi, Keivan, additional, Ahmadi, Mehdi, additional, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, additional, Aji, Budi, additional, Akinyemiju, Tomi, additional, Akombi, Blessing, additional, Alahdab, Fares, additional, Alam, Khurshid, additional, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, additional, Alanzi, Turki M, additional, Albertson, Samuel B, additional, Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun, additional, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Ali, Muhammad, additional, Ali, Saqib, additional, Alicandro, Gianfranco, additional, Alipour, Vahid, additional, Alizade, Hesam, additional, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, additional, Alla, François, additional, Allebeck, Peter, additional, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, additional, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, additional, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, additional, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, additional, Alonso, Jordi, additional, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, additional, Altirkawi, Khalid A, additional, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, additional, Amare, Bekalu, additional, Amare, Azmeraw T, additional, Amini, Saeed, additional, Amit, Arianna Maever L, additional, Amugsi, Dickson A, additional, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, additional, Ancuceanu, Robert, additional, Anderlini, Deanna, additional, Anderson, Jason A, additional, Andrei, Tudorel, additional, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, additional, Anjomshoa, Mina, additional, Ansari, Fereshteh, additional, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, additional, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, additional, Antony, Catherine M, additional, Anvari, Davood, additional, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, additional, Arabloo, Jalal, additional, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, additional, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, additional, Arba, Aseb Arba Kinfe, additional, Aripov, Timur, additional, Ärnlöv, Johan, additional, Arowosegbe, Oluwaseyi Olalekan, additional, Asaad, Malke, additional, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, additional, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, additional, Ashbaugh, Charlie, additional, Assmus, Michael, additional, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, additional, Ausloos, Marcel, additional, Ausloos, Floriane, additional, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, additional, Ayano, Getinet, additional, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, additional, Azari, Samad, additional, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, additional, B, Darshan B, additional, Babaee, Ebrahim, additional, Badawi, Alaa, additional, Badiye, Ashish D, additional, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, additional, Bairwa, Mohan, additional, Bakhtiari, Ahad, additional, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, additional, Balachandran, Arun, additional, Banach, Maciej, additional, Banerjee, Srikanta K, additional, Banik, Palash Chandra, additional, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, additional, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, additional, Basaleem, Huda, additional, Basu, Sanjay, additional, Baune, Bernhard T, additional, Bayati, Mohsen, additional, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, additional, Bedi, Neeraj, additional, Beghi, Ettore, additional, Bell, Michellr L, additional, Bensenor, Isabela M, additional, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, additional, Berman, Adam E, additional, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, additional, Bhala, Neeraj, additional, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, additional, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, additional, Bhattarai, Suraj, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, additional, Bijani, Ali, additional, Bikbov, Boris, additional, Biondi, Antonio, additional, Bisignano, Catherine, additional, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, additional, Bjørge, Tone, additional, Bohlouli, Somayeh, additional, Bohluli, Mehdi, additional, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, additional, Boloor, Archith, additional, Bose, Dipan, additional, Boufous, Soufiane, additional, Brady, Oliver J, additional, Braithwaite, Dejana, additional, Brauer, Michael, additional, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, Breusov, Alexey V, additional, Briant, Paul Svitil, additional, Briggs, Andrew M, additional, Britton, Gabrielle B, additional, Brugha, Traolach, additional, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, additional, Busse, Reinhard, additional, Butt, Zahid A, additional, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, additional, Cámera, Luis LA Alberto, additional, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, additional, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, additional, Car, 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Ilse N, additional, Dokova, Klara, additional, Dolecek, Christiane, additional, Dorostkar, Fariba, additional, Doshi, Pratik P, additional, Doshi, Chirag P, additional, Doshmangir, Leila, additional, Doxey, Matthew C, additional, Driscoll, Tim Robert, additional, Duncan, Bruce B, additional, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, additional, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, additional, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, additional, Edvardsson, David, additional, Ehrlich, Joshua R, additional, Elbarazi, Iffat, additional, Elgendy, Islam Y, additional, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, additional, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, additional, Elsharkawy, Aisha, additional, El Tantawi, Maha, additional, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, additional, Emamian, Mohammad Hassan, additional, Eshrati, Babak, additional, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, additional, Esteghamati, Alireza, additional, Esteghamati, Sadaf, additional, Fanzo, Jessica, additional, Faro, Andre, additional, Farzadfar, Farshad, additional, Fattahi, Nazir, additional, Feigin, Valery L, additional, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, additional, Fernandes, Eduarda, additional, Ferrara, Pietro, additional, Ferrari, Alize J, additional, Filip, Irina, additional, Fischer, Florian, additional, Fisher, James L, additional, Fitzgerald, Ryan, additional, Foigt, Nataliya A, additional, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, additional, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, additional, Foroutan, Masoud, additional, Franklin, Richard Charles, additional, Freitas, Marisa, additional, Fukumoto, Takeshi, additional, Furtado, João M, additional, Gad, Mohamed M, additional, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, additional, Gakidou, Emmanuela, additional, Gallus, Silvano, additional, Gardner, William M, additional, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, additional, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, additional, Gebremeskel, Leake G, additional, Gebresillassie, Begashaw Melaku, additional, Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea, additional, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, additional, Gething, Peter W, additional, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, additional, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, additional, Ghaffarifar, Fatemeh, additional, Ghafourifard, Mansour, additional, Ghamari, Farhad, additional, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, additional, Gholamian, Asadollah, additional, Giampaoli, Simona, additional, Gill, Paramjit Singh, additional, Gillum, Richard F, additional, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed, additional, Giussani, Giorgia, additional, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, additional, Godinho, Myron Anthony, additional, Golechha, Mahaveer, additional, Gona, Philimon N, additional, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, additional, Gorini, Giuseppe, additional, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, additional, Goulart, Alessandra C, additional, Grada, Ayman, additional, Greaves, Felix, additional, Gudi, Nachiket, additional, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, additional, Guo, Yuming, additional, Gupta, Subodh Sharan, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Gupta, Rahul, additional, Haagsma, Juanita A, additional, Hachinski, Vladimir, additional, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, additional, Haile, Lydia M, additional, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, additional, Hall, Brian J, additional, Hamadeh, Randah R, additional, Hamidi, Samer, additional, Han, Chieh, additional, Hankey, Graeme J, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, additional, Hashi, Abdiwahab, additional, Hassan, Amr, additional, Hassanipour, Soheil, additional, Hassankhani, Hadi, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, additional, Hay, Simon I, additional, Hayat, Khezar, additional, Henok, Andualem, additional, Henry, Nathaniel J, additional, Herteliu, Claudiu, additional, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, additional, Ho, Hung Chak, additional, Hole, Michael K, additional, Holla, Ramesh, additional, Hoogar, Praveen, additional, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, additional, Hosgood, H Dean, additional, Hossain, Naznin, additional, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, additional, Hostiuc, Mihaela, additional, Hostiuc, Sorin, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, Hoy, Damian G, additional, Hu, Guoqing, additional, Huda, Tanvir M, additional, Hugo, Fernando N, additional, Humayun, Ayesha, additional, Hussain, Rabia, additional, Hwang, Bing-Fang, additional, Iavicoli, Ivo, additional, Ibeneme, Charles Ugochukwu, additional, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, additional, Ikuta, Kevin S, additional, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, additional, Ilic, Irena M, additional, Ilic, Milena D, additional, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, additional, Iqbal, Usman, additional, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, additional, Islam, M Mofizul, additional, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, additional, Iso, Hiroyasu, additional, Iwu, Chidozie C D, additional, Jaafari, Jalil, additional, Jahagirdar, Deepa, additional, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, additional, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, additional, Jalali, Amir, additional, Jalilian, Farzad, additional, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, additional, Javaheri, Tahereh, additional, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, additional, Jha, Ravi Prakash, additional, Jha, Vivekanand, additional, Ji, John S, additional, Johnson, Catherine Owens, additional, Jonas, Jost B, additional, Jürisson, Mikk, additional, Kabir, Ali, additional, Kabir, Zubair, additional, Kalani, Rizwan, additional, Kalankesh, Leila R, additional, Kalhor, Rohollah, additional, Kanchan, Tanuj, additional, Kapoor, Neeti, additional, Karami Matin, Behzad, additional, Karch, André, additional, Karim, Mohd Anisul, additional, Karimi, Salah Eddin, additional, Kasa, Ayele Semachew, additional, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, additional, Kayode, Gbenga A, additional, Kazemi Karyani, Ali, additional, Keiyoro, Peter, additional, Khalid, Nauman, additional, Khammarnia, Mohammad, additional, Khan, Maseer, additional, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, additional, Khan, Gulfaraz, additional, Khatab, Khaled, additional, Khater, Mona M, additional, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, additional, Khazaie, Habibolah, additional, Khoja, Abdullah T, additional, Khubchandani, Jagdish, additional, Kianipour, Neda, additional, Kieling, Christian, additional, Kim, Young-Eun, additional, Kim, Yun Jin, additional, Kimokoti, Ruth W, additional, Kinfu, Yohannes, additional, Kisa, Sezer, additional, Kisa, Adnan, additional, Kissoon, Niranjan, additional, Kivimäki, Mika, additional, Kneib, Cameron J, additional, Knight, Megan, additional, Koh, David S Q, additional, Komaki, Hamidreza, additional, Kopec, Jacek A, additional, Kosen, Soewarta, additional, Kotlo, Anirudh, additional, Koul, Parvaiz A, additional, Koyanagi, Ai, additional, Krishan, Kewal, additional, Krohn, Kris J, additional, KS, Shaji, additional, Kumar, G Anil, additional, Kumar, Nithin, additional, Kumar, Manasi, additional, Kurmi, Om P, additional, Kusuma, Dian, additional, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, additional, Lacey, Ben, additional, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, additional, Lalloo, Ratilal, additional, Lallukka, Tea, additional, Lan, Qing, additional, Landires, Iván, additional, Larson, Heidi Jane, additional, Lasrado, Savita, additional, Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming, additional, Lauriola, Paolo, additional, La Vecchia, Carlo, additional, Leal, Lisiane F, additional, Leasher, Janet L, additional, Ledesma, Jorge R, additional, Lee, Paul H, additional, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, additional, Leonardi, Matilde, additional, Leung, Janni, additional, Li, Bingyu, additional, Li, Shanshan, additional, Lim, Lee-Ling, additional, Lin, Ro-Ting, additional, Listl, Stefan, additional, Liu, Xuefeng, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Logroscino, Giancarlo, additional, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F, additional, Lorkowski, Stefan, additional, Lozano, Rafael, additional, Lu, Alton, additional, Lugo, Alessandra, additional, Lunevicius, Raimundas, additional, Lyons, Ronan A, additional, Ma, Jianing, additional, Machado, Daiane Borges, additional, Maddison, Emilie R, additional, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, additional, Mahmoudi, Morteza, additional, Majeed, Azeem, additional, Maled, Venkatesh, additional, Maleki, Shokofeh, additional, Maleki, Afshin, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, additional, Mamun, Abdullah A, additional, Manguerra, Helena, additional, Mansouri, Borhan, additional, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, additional, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, additional, Martini, Santi, additional, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, additional, Martopullo, Ira, additional, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, additional, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, additional, Mathur, Manu Raj, additional, Maulik, Pallab K, additional, Mazidi, Mohsen, additional, McAlinden, Colm, additional, McGrath, John J, additional, McKee, Martin, additional, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, additional, Mehri, Fereshteh, additional, Mehta, Kala M, additional, Melese, Addisu, additional, Memish, Ziad A, additional, Mendoza, Walter, additional, Menezes, Ritesh G, additional, Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku, additional, Meretoja, Tuomo J, additional, Meretoja, Atte, additional, Mestrovic, Tomislav, additional, Miazgowski, Bartosz, additional, Michalek, Irmina Maria, additional, Milne, George J, additional, Miri, Mohammad, additional, Mirica, Andreea, additional, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, additional, Mirzaei, Hamed, additional, Mirzaei, Maryam, additional, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, additional, Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen, additional, Moazen, Babak, additional, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, additional, Mohajer, Bahram, additional, Mohamad, Osama, additional, Mohammad, Yousef, additional, Mohammad, Dara K, additional, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, additional, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, additional, Mohammed, Shafiu, additional, Mohebi, Farnam, additional, Mokdad, Ali H, additional, Molokhia, Mariam, additional, Monasta, Lorenzo, additional, Mooney, Meghan D, additional, Moradi, Masoud, additional, Moradi, Ghobad, additional, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, additional, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, additional, Moraga, Paula, additional, Morawska, Lidia, additional, Morgado-da-Costa, Joana, additional, Morrison, Shane Douglas, additional, Mosapour, Abbas, additional, Mosser, Jonathan F, additional, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, additional, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, additional, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, additional, Mullany, Erin C, additional, Musa, Kamarul Imran, additional, Naderi, Mehdi, additional, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, additional, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, additional, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, additional, Najafi, Farid, additional, Naldi, Luigi, additional, Nayak, Vinod C, additional, Nazari, Javad, additional, Ndejjo, Rawlance, additional, Negoi, Ionut, additional, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, additional, Netsere, Henok Biresaw Netsere, additional, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, additional, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, additional, Nguyen, Diep Ngoc, additional, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, additional, Nichols, Emma, additional, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, additional, Nikbakhsh, Rajan, additional, Nixon, Molly R, additional, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, additional, Nomura, Shuhei, additional, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, additional, Nowak, Christoph, additional, Nsoesie, Elaine Okanyene, additional, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, additional, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, additional, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, additional, Okunga, Emmanuel Wandera, additional, Oladnabi, Morteza, additional, Olagunju, Andrew T, additional, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, additional, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, additional, Omar Bali, Ahmed, additional, Omer, Muktar Omer, additional, Ong, Sokking, additional, Ong, Kanyin L, additional, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, additional, Oren, Eyal, additional, Ortiz, Alberto, additional, Ostroff, Samuel M, additional, Oţoiu, Adrian, additional, Otstavnov, Nikita, additional, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, additional, Øverland, Simon, additional, Owolabi, Mayowa O, additional, P A, Mahesh, additional, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, additional, Pakhale, Smita, additional, Pakshir, Keyvan, additional, Palladino, Raffaele, additional, Pana, Adrian, additional, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, additional, Parmar, Priya G Kumari, additional, Pathak, Mona, additional, Patton, George C, additional, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, additional, Peden, Amy E, additional, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, additional, Peprah, Emmanuel K, additional, Pereira, David M, additional, Pereira, Alexandre, additional, Pereira, Jeevan, additional, Perico, Norberto, additional, Pescarini, Julia Moreira, additional, Pham, Hai Quang, additional, Phillips, Michael R, additional, Piccinelli, Cristiano, additional, Pilz, Tessa M, additional, Pinheiro, Marina, additional, Piradov, Michael A, additional, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, additional, Pishgar, Farhad, additional, Pond, Constance Dimity, additional, Postma, Maarten J, additional, Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, additional, Pourjafar, Hadi, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Prada, Sergio I, additional, Prasad, Narayan, additional, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, additional, Pupillo, Elisabetta, additional, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, additional, Rabiee, Navid, additional, Rabiee, Mohammad, additional, Radfar, Amir, additional, Rafiee, Ata, additional, Raggi, Alberto, additional, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, additional, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, additional, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, additional, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, 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Published: 2020
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22. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Vos, Theo, primary, Lim, Stephen S, additional, Abbafati, Cristiana, additional, Abbas, Kaja M, additional, Abbasi, Mohammad, additional, Abbasifard, Mitra, additional, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, additional, Abbastabar, Hedayat, additional, Abd-Allah, Foad, additional, Abdelalim, Ahmed, additional, Abdollahi, Mohammad, additional, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, additional, Abolhassani, Hassan, additional, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Abrams, Elissa M, additional, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, additional, Abrigo, Michael R M, additional, Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal, additional, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, additional, Acebedo, Alyssa, additional, Ackerman, Ilana N, additional, Adabi, Maryam, additional, Adamu, Abdu A, additional, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, additional, Adekanmbi, Victor, additional, Adelson, Jaimie D, additional, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, additional, Adham, Davoud, additional, Afshari, Mahdi, additional, Afshin, Ashkan, additional, Agardh, Emilie E, additional, Agarwal, Gina, additional, Agesa, Kareha M, additional, Aghaali, Mohammad, additional, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, additional, Agrawal, Anurag, additional, Ahmad, Tauseef, additional, Ahmadi, Alireza, additional, Ahmadi, Mehdi, additional, Ahmadieh, Hamid, additional, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, additional, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, additional, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, additional, Akinyemiju, Tomi, additional, Akombi, Blessing, additional, Al-Aly, Ziyad, additional, Alam, Khurshid, additional, Alam, Noore, additional, Alam, Samiah, additional, Alam, Tahiya, additional, Alanzi, Turki M, additional, Albertson, Samuel B, additional, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, additional, Alema, Niguse Meles, additional, Ali, Muhammad, additional, Ali, Saqib, additional, Alicandro, Gianfranco, additional, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, additional, Alinia, Cyrus, additional, Alipour, Vahid, additional, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, additional, Alla, François, additional, Allebeck, Peter, additional, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, additional, Alonso, 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additional, Emmons-Bell, Sophia, additional, Erskine, Holly E, additional, Eshrati, Babak, additional, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, additional, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, additional, Esmaeilzadeh, Firooz, additional, Esteghamati, Alireza, additional, Estep, Kara, additional, Etemadi, Arash, additional, Etisso, Atkilt Esaiyas, additional, Farahmand, Mohammad, additional, Faraj, Anwar, additional, Fareed, Mohammad, additional, Faridnia, Roghiyeh, additional, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, additional, Farioli, Andrea, additional, Faro, Andre, additional, Faruque, Mithila, additional, Farzadfar, Farshad, additional, Fattahi, Nazir, additional, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, additional, Feigin, Valery L, additional, Feldman, Rachel, additional, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, additional, Fernandes, Eduarda, additional, Ferrari, Alize J, additional, Ferreira, Manuela L, additional, Filip, Irina, additional, Fischer, Florian, additional, Fisher, James L, additional, Fitzgerald, Ryan, additional, Flohr, Carsten, additional, Flor, Luisa Sorio, additional, Foigt, Nataliya A, additional, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, additional, Force, Lisa M, additional, Fornari, Carla, additional, Foroutan, Masoud, additional, Fox, Jack T, additional, Freitas, Marisa, additional, Fu, Weijia, additional, Fukumoto, Takeshi, additional, Furtado, João M, additional, Gad, Mohamed M, additional, Gakidou, Emmanuela, additional, Galles, Natalie C, additional, Gallus, Silvano, additional, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, additional, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, additional, Gardner, William M, additional, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, additional, Gebrehiwot, Abiyu Mekonnen, additional, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, additional, Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Ayalew Ayalew, additional, Gershberg Hayoon, Anna, additional, Gething, Peter W, additional, Ghadimi, Maryam, additional, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, additional, Ghafourifard, Mansour, additional, Ghajar, Alireza, additional, Ghamari, Farhad, additional, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, additional, 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additional, Hagins, Hailey, additional, Haile, Lydia M, additional, Hall, Brian J, additional, Halvaei, Iman, additional, Hamadeh, Randah R, additional, Hamagharib Abdullah, Kanaan, additional, Hamilton, Erin B, additional, Han, Chieh, additional, Han, Hannah, additional, Hankey, Graeme J, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Harvey, James D, additional, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, additional, Hasanzadeh, Amir, additional, Hashemian, Maryam, additional, Hassanipour, Soheil, additional, Hassankhani, Hadi, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, additional, Hay, Roderick J, additional, Hay, Simon I, additional, Hayat, Khezar, additional, Heidari, Behnam, additional, Heidari, Golnaz, additional, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, additional, Hendrie, Delia, additional, Henrikson, Hannah J, additional, Henry, Nathaniel J, additional, Herteliu, Claudiu, additional, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, additional, Hird, Thomas R, additional, Hoek, Hans W, additional, Hole, Michael K, additional, Holla, Ramesh, additional, 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additional, Kisa, Sezer, additional, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, additional, Kivimäki, Mika, additional, Kneib, Cameron J, additional, Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo, additional, Kocarnik, Jonathan M, additional, Kolola, Tufa, additional, Kopec, Jacek A, additional, Kosen, Soewarta, additional, Koul, Parvaiz A, additional, Koyanagi, Ai, additional, Kravchenko, Michael A, additional, Krishan, Kewal, additional, Krohn, Kris J, additional, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, additional, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, additional, Kumar, G Anil, additional, Kumar, Manasi, additional, Kumar, Pushpendra, additional, Kumar, Vivek, additional, Kumaresh, Girikumar, additional, Kurmi, Om P, additional, Kusuma, Dian, additional, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, additional, La Vecchia, Carlo, additional, Lacey, Ben, additional, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, additional, Lalloo, Ratilal, additional, Lam, Jennifer O, additional, Lami, Faris Hasan, additional, Landires, Iván, additional, Lang, Justin J, additional, Lansingh, Van Charles, additional, 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Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, additional, Mehri, Fereshteh, additional, Mehta, Kala M, additional, Meitei, Wahengbam Bigyananda, additional, Memiah, Peter T N, additional, Mendoza, Walter, additional, Menezes, Ritesh G, additional, Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku, additional, Mengesha, Meresa Berwo, additional, Mereke, Alibek, additional, Meretoja, Atte, additional, Meretoja, Tuomo J, additional, Mestrovic, Tomislav, additional, Miazgowski, Bartosz, additional, Miazgowski, Tomasz, additional, Michalek, Irmina Maria, additional, Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu, additional, Miller, Ted R, additional, Mills, Edward J, additional, Mirica, Andreea, additional, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, additional, Mirzaei, Hamed, additional, Mirzaei, Maryam, additional, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, additional, Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen, additional, Mithra, Prasanna, additional, Moazen, Babak, additional, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, additional, Mohamadi, Efat, additional, Mohammad, Dara K, additional, Mohammad, Yousef, additional, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, additional, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, additional, Mohammed, Shafiu, additional, Mokdad, Ali H, additional, Molokhia, Mariam, additional, Momen, Natalie C, additional, Monasta, Lorenzo, additional, Mondello, Stefania, additional, Mooney, Meghan D, additional, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, additional, Moradi, Ghobad, additional, Moradi, Masoud, additional, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, additional, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, additional, Moraga, Paula, additional, Morales, Linda, additional, Morawska, Lidia, additional, Moreno Velásquez, Ilais, additional, Morgado-da-Costa, Joana, additional, Morrison, Shane Douglas, additional, Mosser, Jonathan F, additional, Mouodi, Simin, additional, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, additional, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, additional, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, additional, Munro, Sandra B, additional, Muriithi, Moses K, additional, Musa, Kamarul Imran, additional, Muthupandian, Saravanan, additional, Naderi, Mehdi, additional, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, additional, Nagel, Gabriele, additional, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, additional, Nair, Sanjeev, additional, Nandi, Anita K, additional, Nangia, Vinay, additional, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, additional, Nayak, Vinod C, additional, Nazari, Javad, additional, Negoi, Ionut, additional, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, additional, Netsere, Henok Biresaw Netsere, additional, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, additional, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, additional, Nguyen, Jason, additional, Nguyen, Michele, additional, Nguyen, Minh, additional, Nichols, Emma, additional, Nigatu, Dabere, additional, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, additional, Nikbakhsh, Rajan, additional, Nixon, Molly R, additional, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, additional, Nomura, Shuhei, additional, Norrving, Bo, additional, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, additional, Nowak, Christoph, additional, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, additional, Oţoiu, Adrian, additional, Oancea, Bogdan, additional, Odell, Christopher M, additional, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, additional, Oh, In-Hwan, additional, Okunga, Emmanuel Wandera, additional, Oladnabi, Morteza, additional, Olagunju, Andrew T, additional, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, additional, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, additional, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, additional, Omar Bali, Ahmed, additional, Omer, Muktar Omer, additional, Ong, Kanyin L, additional, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, additional, Orji, Aislyn U, additional, Orpana, Heather M, additional, Ortiz, Alberto, additional, Ostroff, Samuel M, additional, Otstavnov, Nikita, additional, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, additional, Øverland, Simon, additional, Owolabi, Mayowa O, additional, P A, Mahesh, additional, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, additional, Pakhare, Abhijit P, additional, Palladino, Raffaele, additional, Pana, Adrian, additional, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, additional, Pandey, Anamika, additional, Park, Eun-Kee, additional, Parmar, Priya G Kumari, additional, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, additional, Patel, Sangram Kishor, additional, Paternina-Caicedo, Angel J, additional, Pathak, Ashish, additional, Pathak, Mona, additional, Patten, Scott B, additional, Patton, George C, additional, Paudel, Deepak, additional, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, additional, Peden, Amy E, additional, Pennini, Alyssa, additional, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, additional, Peprah, Emmanuel K, additional, Pereira, Alexandre, additional, Pereira, David M, additional, Perico, Norberto, additional, Pham, Hai Quang, additional, Phillips, Michael R, additional, Pigott, David M, additional, Pilgrim, Thomas, additional, Pilz, Tessa M, additional, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, additional, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, additional, Plass, Dietrich, additional, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, additional, Polibin, Roman V, additional, Polinder, Suzanne, additional, Polkinghorne, Kevan R, additional, Postma, Maarten J, additional, Pourjafar, Hadi, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza, additional, Pourshams, Akram, additional, Poznańska, Anna, additional, Prada, Sergio I, additional, Prakash, V, additional, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, additional, Pupillo, Elisabetta, additional, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, additional, Rabiee, Mohammad, additional, Rabiee, Navid, additional, Radfar, Amir, additional, Rafiee, Ata, additional, Rafiei, Alireza, additional, Raggi, Alberto, additional, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, additional, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, additional, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, additional, Rajati, Fatemeh, additional, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, additional, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, additional, Rao, Puja C, additional, Rao, Sowmya J, additional, Rasella, Davide, additional, Rastogi, Prateek, additional, Rathi, Priya, additional, Rawaf, David Laith, additional, Rawaf, Salman, additional, Rawal, Lal, additional, Razo, Christian, additional, Redford, Sofia Boston, additional, Reiner, Robert C, additional, Reinig, Nickolas, additional, Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, additional, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, additional, Renjith, Vishnu, additional, Renzaho, Andre M N, additional, Resnikoff, Serge, additional, Rezaei, Nima, additional, Rezai, Mohammad sadegh, additional, Rezapour, Aziz, additional, Rhinehart, Phoebe-Anne, additional, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, additional, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, additional, Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, additional, Ribeiro, Daniela, additional, Rickard, Jennifer, additional, Roberts, Nicholas L S, additional, Roberts, Shaun, additional, Robinson, Stephen R, additional, Roever, Leonardo, additional, Rolfe, Sam, additional, Ronfani, Luca, additional, Roshandel, Gholamreza, additional, Roth, Gregory A, additional, Rubagotti, Enrico, additional, Rumisha, Susan Fred, additional, Sabour, Siamak, additional, Sachdev, Perminder S, additional, Saddik, Basema, additional, Sadeghi, Ehsan, additional, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, additional, Saeidi, Shahram, additional, Safi, Sare, additional, Safiri, Saeid, additional, Sagar, Rajesh, additional, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, additional, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, additional, Sajadi, S Mohammad, additional, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, additional, Salamati, Payman, additional, Salehi Zahabi, Saleh, additional, Salem, Hosni, additional, Salem, Marwa R Rashad, additional, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, additional, Salomon, Joshua A, additional, Salz, Inbal, additional, Samad, Zainab, additional, Samy, Abdallah M, additional, Sanabria, Juan, additional, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, additional, Santos, Itamar S, additional, Santos, João Vasco, additional, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, additional, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, additional, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, additional, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, additional, Sartorius, Benn, additional, Sarveazad, Arash, additional, Sathian, Brijesh, additional, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, additional, Sattin, Davide, additional, Sbarra, Alyssa N, additional, Schaeffer, Lauren E, additional, Schiavolin, Silvia, additional, Schmidt, Maria Inês, additional, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, additional, Schwebel, David C, additional, Schwendicke, Falk, additional, Senbeta, Anbissa Muleta, additional, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, additional, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, additional, Shackelford, Katya Anne, additional, Shadid, Jamileh, additional, Shahabi, Saeed, additional, Shaheen, Amira A, additional, Shaikh, Masood Ali, additional, Shalash, Ali S, additional, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, additional, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, additional, Shannawaz, Mohammed, additional, Sharafi, Kiomars, additional, Sharara, Fablina, additional, Sheena, Brittney S, additional, Sheikhtaheri, Abbas, additional, Shetty, Ranjitha S, additional, Shibuya, Kenji, additional, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, additional, Shigematsu, Mika, additional, Shin, Jae Il, additional, Shiri, Rahman, additional, Shirkoohi, Reza, additional, Shrime, Mark G, additional, Shuval, Kerem, additional, Siabani, Soraya, additional, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, additional, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, additional, Silva, João Pedro, additional, Simpson, Kyle E, additional, Singh, Ambrish, additional, 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additional, Vakilian, Alireza, additional, Valdez, Pascual R, additional, Varughese, Santosh, additional, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, additional, Vasseghian, Yasser, additional, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, additional, Violante, Francesco S, additional, Vlassov, Vasily, additional, Vollset, Stein Emil, additional, Vongpradith, Avina, additional, Vukovic, Ana, additional, Vukovic, Rade, additional, Waheed, Yasir, additional, Walters, Madgalene K, additional, Wang, Jiayu, additional, Wang, Yafeng, additional, Wang, Yuan-Pang, additional, Ward, Joseph L, additional, Watson, Alexandrea, additional, Wei, Jingkai, additional, Weintraub, Robert G, additional, Weiss, Daniel J, additional, Weiss, Jordan, additional, Westerman, Ronny, additional, Whisnant, Joanna L, additional, Whiteford, Harvey A, additional, Wiangkham, Taweewat, additional, Wiens, Kirsten E, additional, Wijeratne, Tissa, additional, Wilner, Lauren B, additional, Wilson, Shadrach, additional, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, additional, Wolfe, Charles D A, additional, Wool, Eve E, additional, Wu, Ai-Min, additional, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, additional, Wunrow, Han Yong, additional, Xu, Gelin, additional, Xu, Rixing, additional, Yadgir, Simon, additional, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, additional, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, additional, Yaminfirooz, Mousa, additional, Yano, Yuichiro, additional, Yaya, Sanni, additional, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, additional, Yearwood, Jamal A, additional, Yeheyis, Tomas Y, additional, Yeshitila, Yordanos Gizachew, additional, Yip, Paul, additional, Yonemoto, Naohiro, additional, Yoon, Seok-Jun, additional, Yoosefi Lebni, Javad, additional, Younis, Mustafa Z, additional, Younker, Theodore Patrick, additional, Yousefi, Zabihollah, additional, Yousefifard, Mahmoud, additional, Yousefinezhadi, Taraneh, additional, Yousuf, Abdilahi Yousuf, additional, Yu, Chuanhua, additional, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, additional, Zahirian Moghadam, Telma, additional, Zaki, Leila, additional, Zaman, Sojib Bin, additional, Zamani, Mohammad, additional, Zamanian, Maryam, additional, Zandian, Hamed, additional, Zangeneh, Alireza, additional, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, additional, Zewdie, Kaleab Alemayehu, additional, Zhang, Yunquan, additional, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, additional, Zhao, Jeff T, additional, Zhao, Yingxi, additional, Zheng, Peng, additional, Zhou, Maigeng, additional, Ziapour, Arash, additional, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, additional, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, and Murray, Christopher J L, additional
Published: 2020
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23. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson, Troeger, Christopher E, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Blacker, Brigette F, Biehl, Molly H, Albertson, Samuel B, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Rao, Puja C, Abate, Degu, and Ahmadi, Alireza
Subjects: Diarrhoeal disease, Mortality, Children younger than 5 years
Abstract: Summary Background Many countries have shown marked declines in diarrhoeal disease mortality among children younger than 5 years. With this analysis, we provide updated results on diarrhoeal disease mortality among children younger than 5 years from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) and use the study’s comparative risk assessment to quantify trends and effects of risk factors, interventions, and broader sociodemographic development on mortality changes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Methods This analysis for GBD 2017 had three main components. Diarrhoea mortality was modelled using vital registration data, demographic surveillance data, and verbal autopsy data in a predictive, Bayesian, ensemble modelling tool; and the attribution of risk factors and interventions for diarrhoea were modelled in a counterfactual framework that combines modelled population-level prevalence of the exposure to each risk or intervention with the relative risk of diarrhoea given exposure to that factor. We assessed the relative and absolute change in diarrhoea mortality rate between 1990 and 2017, and used the change in risk factor exposure and sociodemographic status to explain differences in the trends of diarrhoea mortality among children younger than 5 years. Findings Diarrhoea was responsible for an estimated 533 768 deaths (95% uncertainty interval 477 162–593 145) among children younger than 5 years globally in 2017, a rate of 78·4 deaths (70·1–87·1) per 100 000 children. The diarrhoea mortality rate ranged between countries by over 685 deaths per 100 000 children. Diarrhoea mortality per 100 000 globally decreased by 69·6% (63·1–74·6) between 1990 and 2017. Among the risk factors considered in this study, those responsible for the largest declines in the diarrhoea mortality rate were reduction in exposure to unsafe sanitation (13·3% decrease, 11·2–15·5), childhood wasting (9·9% decrease, 9·6–10·2), and low use of oral rehydration solution (6·9% decrease, 4·8–8·4). Interpretation Diarrhoea mortality has declined substantially since 1990, although there are variations by country. Improvements in sociodemographic indicators might explain some of these trends, but changes in exposure to risk factors—particularly unsafe sanitation, childhood growth failure, and low use of oral rehydration solution—appear to be related to the relative and absolute rates of decline in diarrhoea mortality. Although the most effective interventions might vary by country or region, identifying and scaling up the interventions aimed at preventing and protecting against diarrhoea that have already reduced diarrhoea mortality could further avert many thousands of deaths due to this illness.
Published: 2019

24. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette F, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Shujin, Zimsen, Stephanie RM, Albertson, Samuel B, Stanaway, Jeffery D, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Abebe, Zegeye, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Asgedom, Solomon W, Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Barac, Aleksandra, Barreto, Mauricio L, Bassat, Quique, Belay, Saba Abraham, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bizuneh, Hailemichael, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eshrati, Babak, Farag, Tamer, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Godwin, William W, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Rahul, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Jonas, Jost B, Kahsay, Amaha, Kang, Gagandeep, Kasaeian, Amir, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Muhammad Ali, Khang, Young-Ho, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kotloff, Karen L, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mehata, Suresh, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mlashu, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Murthy, Srinivas, Naik, Gurudatta A, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Paudel, Deepak, Platts-Mills, James A, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Ray, Sarah E, Reis, Cesar, Renzaho, Andre MN, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sartorius, Benn, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shigematsu, Mika, Sisay, Mekonnen, Somayaji, Ranjani, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sykes, Bryan L, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L, Weaver, Marcia R, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Yenesew, Muluken, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yonemoto, Naohiro, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher JL, Mokdad, Ali H, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C
Abstract: Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 provides an up-to-date analysis of the burden of diarrhoea in 195 countries. This study assesses cases, deaths, and aetiologies in 1990–2016 and assesses how the burden of diarrhoea has changed in people of all ages Methods We modelled diarrhoea mortality with a Bayesian hierarchical modelling platform that evaluates a wide range of covariates and model types on the basis of vital registration and verbal autopsy data. We modelled diarrhoea incidence with a compartmental meta-regression tool that enforces an association between incidence and prevalence, and relies on scientific literature, population representative surveys, and health-care data. Diarrhoea deaths and episodes were attributed to 13 pathogens by use of a counterfactual population attributable fraction approach. Diarrhoea risk factors are also based on counterfactual estimates of risk exposure and the association between the risk and diarrhoea. Each modelled estimate accounted for uncertainty. Findings In 2016, diarrhoea was the eighth leading cause of death among all ages (1 655 944 deaths, 95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1 244 073–2 366 552) and the fifth leading cause of death among children younger than 5 years (446 000 deaths, 390 894–504 613). Rotavirus was the leading aetiology for diarrhoea mortality among children younger than 5 years (128 515 deaths, 105 138–155 133) and among all ages (228 047 deaths, 183 526–292 737). Childhood wasting (low weight-for-height score), unsafe water, and unsafe sanitation were the leading risk factors for diarrhoea, responsible for 80·4% (95% UI 68·2–85·0), 72·1% (34·0–91·4), and 56·4% (49·3–62·7) of diarrhoea deaths in children younger than 5 years, respectively. Prevention of wasting in 1762 children (95% UI 1521–2170) could avert one death from diarrhoea. Interpretation Substantial progress has been made globally in reducing the burden of diarrhoeal diseases, driven by decreases in several primary risk factors. However, this reduction has not been equal across locations, and burden among adults older than 70 years requires attention.
Published: 2019

25. Estimaciones de la morbilidad global, regional y nacional, Mortalidad y etiología de las infecciones respiratorias inferiores. En 195 países, 1990-2016: un análisis sistemático para el estudio de la carga mundial de la enfermedad 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Jackie, Zimsen M, Stephanie R, Albertson, Samuel B, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Farag, Tamer, and Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Subjects: Infecciones respiratorias bajas, Low respiratory infections, Enfermedades, lesiones y factores de riesgo, Diseases, injuries and risk factors, Main causes of morbidity and mortality, Principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad
Abstract: Background Lower respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2016, provides an up-to-date analysis of the burden of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries. This study assesses cases, deaths, and aetiologies spanning the past 26 years and shows how the burden of lower respiratory infection has changed in people of all ages. Antecedentes Las infecciones respiratorias bajas son una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo. Lo global El estudio sobre la carga de enfermedades, lesiones y factores de riesgo (GBD) de 2016 proporciona un análisis actualizado de la carga de Infecciones respiratorias bajas en 195 países. Este estudio evalúa casos, muertes y etiologías que abarcan el pasado 26 años y muestra cómo la carga de la infección respiratoria inferior ha cambiado en personas de todas las edades.
Published: 2018

26. Estimaciones de la morbilidad, mortalidad y etiología de la diarrea a nivel mundial, regional y nacional en 195 países: un análisis sistemático para el estudio de la carga mundial de la enfermedad 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette F, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Shujin, Zimsen, Stephanie RM, Albertson, Samuel B, Stanaway, Jeffery D, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Abebe, Zegeye, and Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Subjects: Análisis de la carga de la diarrea en 195 países, Analysis of the burden of the agenda in 195 countries, Estudio de la carga global de enfermedades, lesiones y factores de riesgo, 1990-2016, Study of the global burden of diseases, injuries and risk factors
Abstract: Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 provides an up-to-date analysis of the burden of diarrhoea in 195 countries. This study assesses cases, deaths, and aetiologies in 1990–2016 and assesses how the burden of diarrhoea has changed in people of all ages Antecedentes El Estudio de la Carga Global de Enfermedades, Lesiones y Factores de Riesgo (GBD) de 2016 proporciona una información actualizada. Análisis de la carga de la diarrea en 195 países. Este estudio evalúa casos, muertes y etiologías en 1990-2016 y evalúa cómo ha cambiado la carga de la diarrea en personas de todas las edades
Published: 2018

27. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Troeger, C, Blacker, B, Khalil, I, Rao, P, Cao, J, Zimsen, S, Albertson, S, Deshpande, A, Farag, T, Abebe, Z, Adetifa, I, Adhikari, T, Akibu, M, Al Lami, F, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amoako, Y, Antonio, C, Aremu, O, Asfaw, E, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Attia, E, Avokpaho, E, Ayele, H, Ayuk, T, Balakrishnan, K, Barac, A, Bassat, Q, Behzadifar, M, Bhaumik, S, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Brauer, M, Brown, A, Camargos, P, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Colombara, D, Conti, S, Dadi, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Do, H, Dubljanin, E, Edessa, D, Elkout, H, Endries, A, Fijabi, D, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, M, Fullman, N, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Gessner, B, Gething, P, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Hailu, G, Hassen, H, Hedayati, M, Heidari, M, Hibstu, D, Horita, N, Ilesanmi, O, Jakovljevic, M, Jamal, A, Kahsay, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, D, Khader, Y, Khan, E, Khan, M, Khang, Y, Kim, Y, Kissoon, N, Knibbs, L, Kochhar, S, Koul, P, Kumar, G, Lodha, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Malta, D, Mathew, J, Mengistu, D, Mezgebe, H, Mohammad, K, Mohammed, M, Momeniha, F, Murthy, S, Nguyen, C, Nielsen, K, Ningrum, D, Nirayo, Y, Oren, E, Ortiz, J, Pa, M, Postma, M, Qorbani, M, Quansah, R, Rai, R, Rana, S, Ranabhat, C, Ray, S, Rezai, M, Ruhago, G, Safiri, S, Salomon, J, Sartorius, B, Savic, M, Sawhney, M, She, J, Sheikh, A, Shiferaw, M, Shigematsu, M, Singh, J, Somayaji, R, Stanaway, J, Sufiyan, M, Taffere, G, Temsah, M, Thompson, M, Tobe-Gai, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Tran, T, Tuem, K, Ukwaja, K, Vollset, S, Walson, J, Weldegebreal, F, Werdecker, A, West, T, Yonemoto, N, Zaki, M, Zhou, L, Zodpey, S, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Lim, S, Mokdad, A, Murray, C, Hay, S, Reiner, R, Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Jackie, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Albertson, Samuel B, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Farag, Tamer, Abebe, Zegeye, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Akibu, Mohammed, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Attia, Engi Farouk, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Ayuk, Tambe Betrand, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Brown, Alexandria, Camargos, Paulo A M, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Colombara, Danny, Conti, Sara, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gessner, Bradford D, Gething, Peter W, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Tarun, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heidari, Mohsen, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Horita, Nobuyuki, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Jamal, Amr A, Kahsay, Amaha, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Dessalegn Haile, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Yun Jin, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Koul, Parvaiz A, Kumar, G Anil, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mathew, Joseph L, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Mohammed A, Momeniha, Fatemeh, Murthy, Srinivas, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nielsen, Katie R, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, PA, Mahesh, Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Ray, Sarah E, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sartorius, Benn, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Singh, Jasvinder A, Somayaji, Ranjani, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thompson, Matthew J, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Tung Thanh, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T Eoin, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zhou, Lei, Zodpey, Sanjay, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lim, Stephen S, Mokdad, Ali H, Murray, Christopher J L, Hay, Simon I, Reiner, Robert C, Troeger, C, Blacker, B, Khalil, I, Rao, P, Cao, J, Zimsen, S, Albertson, S, Deshpande, A, Farag, T, Abebe, Z, Adetifa, I, Adhikari, T, Akibu, M, Al Lami, F, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amoako, Y, Antonio, C, Aremu, O, Asfaw, E, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Attia, E, Avokpaho, E, Ayele, H, Ayuk, T, Balakrishnan, K, Barac, A, Bassat, Q, Behzadifar, M, Bhaumik, S, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Brauer, M, Brown, A, Camargos, P, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Colombara, D, Conti, S, Dadi, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Do, H, Dubljanin, E, Edessa, D, Elkout, H, Endries, A, Fijabi, D, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, M, Fullman, N, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Gessner, B, Gething, P, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Hailu, G, Hassen, H, Hedayati, M, Heidari, M, Hibstu, D, Horita, N, Ilesanmi, O, Jakovljevic, M, Jamal, A, Kahsay, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, D, Khader, Y, Khan, E, Khan, M, Khang, Y, Kim, Y, Kissoon, N, Knibbs, L, Kochhar, S, Koul, P, Kumar, G, Lodha, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Malta, D, Mathew, J, Mengistu, D, Mezgebe, H, Mohammad, K, Mohammed, M, Momeniha, F, Murthy, S, Nguyen, C, Nielsen, K, Ningrum, D, Nirayo, Y, Oren, E, Ortiz, J, Pa, M, Postma, M, Qorbani, M, Quansah, R, Rai, R, Rana, S, Ranabhat, C, Ray, S, Rezai, M, Ruhago, G, Safiri, S, Salomon, J, Sartorius, B, Savic, M, Sawhney, M, She, J, Sheikh, A, Shiferaw, M, Shigematsu, M, Singh, J, Somayaji, R, Stanaway, J, Sufiyan, M, Taffere, G, Temsah, M, Thompson, M, Tobe-Gai, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Tran, T, Tuem, K, Ukwaja, K, Vollset, S, Walson, J, Weldegebreal, F, Werdecker, A, West, T, Yonemoto, N, Zaki, M, Zhou, L, Zodpey, S, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Lim, S, Mokdad, A, Murray, C, Hay, S, Reiner, R, Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Jackie, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Albertson, Samuel B, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Farag, Tamer, Abebe, Zegeye, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Akibu, Mohammed, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Attia, Engi Farouk, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Ayuk, Tambe Betrand, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Brown, Alexandria, Camargos, Paulo A M, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Colombara, Danny, Conti, Sara, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gessner, Bradford D, Gething, Peter W, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Tarun, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heidari, Mohsen, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Horita, Nobuyuki, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Jamal, Amr A, Kahsay, Amaha, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Dessalegn Haile, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Yun Jin, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Koul, Parvaiz A, Kumar, G Anil, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mathew, Joseph L, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Mohammed A, Momeniha, Fatemeh, Murthy, Srinivas, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nielsen, Katie R, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, PA, Mahesh, Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Ray, Sarah E, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sartorius, Benn, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Singh, Jasvinder A, Somayaji, Ranjani, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thompson, Matthew J, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Tung Thanh, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T Eoin, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zhou, Lei, Zodpey, Sanjay, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lim, Stephen S, Mokdad, Ali H, Murray, Christopher J L, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C
Abstract: Background: Lower respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2016, provides an up-to-date analysis of the burden of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries. This study assesses cases, deaths, and aetiologies spanning the past 26 years and shows how the burden of lower respiratory infection has changed in people of all ages. Methods: We used three separate modelling strategies for lower respiratory infections in GBD 2016: a Bayesian hierarchical ensemble modelling platform (Cause of Death Ensemble model), which uses vital registration, verbal autopsy data, and surveillance system data to predict mortality due to lower respiratory infections; a compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR), which uses scientific literature, population representative surveys, and health-care data to predict incidence, prevalence, and mortality; and modelling of counterfactual estimates of the population attributable fraction of lower respiratory infection episodes due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus. We calculated each modelled estimate for each age, sex, year, and location. We modelled the exposure level in a population for a given risk factor using DisMod-MR and a spatio-temporal Gaussian process regression, and assessed the effectiveness of targeted interventions for each risk factor in children younger than 5 years. We also did a decomposition analysis of the change in LRI deaths from 2000–16 using the risk factors associated with LRI in GBD 2016. Findings: In 2016, lower respiratory infections caused 652 572 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 586 475–720 612) in children younger than 5 years (under-5s), 1 080 958 deaths (943 749–1 170 638) in adults older than 70 years, and 2 377 697 deaths (2 145 584–2 512 809) in people of all ages, worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the leading ca
Published: 2018

28. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Rao, Puja C., Cao, Jackie, Zimsen, Stephanie Rm, Albertson, Samuel B., Deshpande, Aniruddha, Farag, Tamer, Abebe, Zegeye, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O., Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Akibu, Mohammed, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T., Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Attia, Engi Farouk, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Ayuk, Tambe Betrand, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Brown, Alexandria, Camargos, Paulo Am, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Colombara, Danny, Conti, Sara, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Foreman, Kyle J., Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Fullman, Nancy, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gessner, Bradford D., Gething, Peter W., Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Tarun, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hedayati, Mohammad T., Heidari, Mohsen, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Horita, Nobuyuki, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S., Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Jamal, Amr A., Amaha Kahsay, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Dessalegn Haile, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Yun Jin, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D., Kochhar, Sonali, Koul, Parvaiz A., Kumar, G. Anil, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mathew, Joseph L., Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Mohammed A., Momeniha, Fatemeh, Murthy, Srinivas, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nielsen, Katie R., Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R., Pa, Mahesh, Postma, Maarten J., Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M., Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Ray, Sarah E., Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A., Sartorius, Benn, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Singh, Jasvinder A., Somayaji, Ranjani, Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thompson, Matthew J., Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Tung Thanh, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L., Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T. Eoin, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zhou, Lei, Zodpey, Sanjay, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lim, Stephen S., Mokdad, Ali H., Murray, Christopher Jl, Hay, Simon I., Reiner, Robert C., Troeger, C, Blacker, B, Khalil, I, Rao, P, Cao, J, Zimsen, S, Albertson, S, Deshpande, A, Farag, T, Abebe, Z, Adetifa, I, Adhikari, T, Akibu, M, Al Lami, F, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amoako, Y, Antonio, C, Aremu, O, Asfaw, E, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Attia, E, Avokpaho, E, Ayele, H, Ayuk, T, Balakrishnan, K, Barac, A, Bassat, Q, Behzadifar, M, Bhaumik, S, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Brauer, M, Brown, A, Camargos, P, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Colombara, D, Conti, S, Dadi, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Do, H, Dubljanin, E, Edessa, D, Elkout, H, Endries, A, Fijabi, D, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, M, Fullman, N, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Gessner, B, Gething, P, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Hailu, G, Hassen, H, Hedayati, M, Heidari, M, Hibstu, D, Horita, N, Ilesanmi, O, Jakovljevic, M, Jamal, A, Kahsay, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, D, Khader, Y, Khan, E, Khan, M, Khang, Y, Kim, Y, Kissoon, N, Knibbs, L, Kochhar, S, Koul, P, Kumar, G, Lodha, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Malta, D, Mathew, J, Mengistu, D, Mezgebe, H, Mohammad, K, Mohammed, M, Momeniha, F, Murthy, S, Nguyen, C, Nielsen, K, Ningrum, D, Nirayo, Y, Oren, E, Ortiz, J, Pa, M, Postma, M, Qorbani, M, Quansah, R, Rai, R, Rana, S, Ranabhat, C, Ray, S, Rezai, M, Ruhago, G, Safiri, S, Salomon, J, Sartorius, B, Savic, M, Sawhney, M, She, J, Sheikh, A, Shiferaw, M, Shigematsu, M, Singh, J, Somayaji, R, Stanaway, J, Sufiyan, M, Taffere, G, Temsah, M, Thompson, M, Tobe-Gai, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Tran, T, Tuem, K, Ukwaja, K, Vollset, S, Walson, J, Weldegebreal, F, Werdecker, A, West, T, Yonemoto, N, Zaki, M, Zhou, L, Zodpey, S, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Lim, S, Mokdad, A, Murray, C, Hay, S, Reiner, R, and Public Health
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Biostatistics, Global Health, Global Buren of Disease, Lower Respiratory Infections, Article, Global Burden of Disease, Young Adult, Cost of Illness, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Humans, Child, Respiratory Tract Infections, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Bacterial Infections, Middle Aged, Survival Analysis, Virus Diseases, Child, Preschool, Female, Topography, Medical, Morbidity, Epidemiologic Methods
Abstract: [Background] Lower respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2016, provides an up-to-date analysis of the burden of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries. This study assesses cases, deaths, and aetiologies spanning the past 26 years and shows how the burden of lower respiratory infection has changed in people of all ages. [Methods] We used three separate modelling strategies for lower respiratory infections in GBD 2016: a Bayesian hierarchical ensemble modelling platform (Cause of Death Ensemble model), which uses vital registration, verbal autopsy data, and surveillance system data to predict mortality due to lower respiratory infections; a compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR), which uses scientific literature, population representative surveys, and health-care data to predict incidence, prevalence, and mortality; and modelling of counterfactual estimates of the population attributable fraction of lower respiratory infection episodes due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus. We calculated each modelled estimate for each age, sex, year, and location. We modelled the exposure level in a population for a given risk factor using DisMod-MR and a spatio-temporal Gaussian process regression, and assessed the effectiveness of targeted interventions for each risk factor in children younger than 5 years. We also did a decomposition analysis of the change in LRI deaths from 2000–16 using the risk factors associated with LRI in GBD 2016. [Findings] In 2016, lower respiratory infections caused 652 572 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 586 475–720 612) in children younger than 5 years (under-5s), 1 080 958 deaths (943 749–1 170 638) in adults older than 70 years, and 2 377 697 deaths (2 145 584–2 512 809) in people of all ages, worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the leading cause of lower respiratory infection morbidity and mortality globally, contributing to more deaths than all other aetiologies combined in 2016 (1 189 937 deaths, 95% UI 690 445–1 770 660). Childhood wasting remains the leading risk factor for lower respiratory infection mortality among children younger than 5 years, responsible for 61·4% of lower respiratory infection deaths in 2016 (95% UI 45·7–69·6). Interventions to improve wasting, household air pollution, ambient particulate matter pollution, and expanded antibiotic use could avert one under-5 death due to lower respiratory infection for every 4000 children treated in the countries with the highest lower respiratory infection burden. [Interpretation] Our findings show substantial progress in the reduction of lower respiratory infection burden, but this progress has not been equal across locations, has been driven by decreases in several primary risk factors, and might require more effort among elderly adults. By highlighting regions and populations with the highest burden, and the risk factors that could have the greatest effect, funders, policy makers, and programme implementers can more effectively reduce lower respiratory infections among the world's most susceptible populations. [Findings] Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

29. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: William M. Gardner, Rawlance Ndejjo, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Fereshteh Ansari, Kathleen Pillsbury Hopf, João Pedro Silva, M. Mofizul Islam, Cong Zhu, Abdul Hafiz, Irmina Maria Michalek, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Leonardo Roever, Mustefa Glagn, Davood Anvari, Tessa M. Pilz, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Joel M. Francis, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Rakhi Dandona, Abbas Sheikhtaheri, Mansour Ghafourifard, Simon Øverland, David Laith Rawaf, Jaykaran Charan, Akram Pourshams, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Morteza Mahmoudi, Alton Lu, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Lorainne Tudor Car, Franz Castro, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Luca Ronfani, Marina Pinheiro, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Hoa Thi Do, Whitney L. Teagle, Sofia Androudi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Myron Anthony Godinho, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Getinet Ayano, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, Kyle E. Simpson, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Vivekanand Jha, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Amr Hassan, Akine Eshete Abosetugn, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Anna V. Korotkova, Brijesh Sathian, Marcello Tonelli, Olatunde Aremu, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Juan Jesus Carrero, Cameron J. Kneib, Ravi Prakash Jha, David H. Shaw, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Tanuj Kanchan, Khezar Hayat, Hamid Sharifi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Muktar Omer Omer, Fatemeh Amiri, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, David Edvardsson, Xiu Ju George Zhao, Hannah Han, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Adam E. Berman, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Thomas Pilgrim, Leila Doshmangir, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, David M. Pigott, Hadi Hassankhani, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Teklemariam Gultie, Arash Ziapour, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Ilse N. Dippenaar, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Emmanuela Gakidou, Abiyu Mekonnen Gebrehiwot, Maha El Tantawi, Xuefeng Liu, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Keyghobad Ghadiri, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Behzad Karami Matin, Yunquan Zhang, Vera Marisa Costa, Iyad Sultan, Mostafa Hosseini, Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed, Haidong Wang, Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie, Celine M. Barthelemy, Hosna Janjani, Bartosz Miazgowski, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Arianna Maever L. Amit, John S. Ji, Ata Rafiee, Maria Inês Schmidt, Alireza Rafiei, Somayeh Bohlouli, Joana Morgado-da-Costa, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Pradyumna Agasthi, Tiffany K. Gill, Martin McKee, Khaled Khatab, Jae Il Shin, Animut Tagele Tamiru, Giancarlo Logroscino, Hassan Abolhassani, Syed Saoud Zaidi, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Garumma Tolu Feyissa, Ahmad Daryani, Ziyad Al-Aly, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Michael T. Chung, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mehedi Hasan, Saeed Shahabi, Diep Ngoc Nguyen, Yohannes Kinfu, Nicholas L S Roberts, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Mika Shigematsu, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Deepa Jahagirdar, Islam Y. Elgendy, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Tanvir M. Huda, Fakher Rahim, Dara K. Mohammad, Yingxi Zhao, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Vinod C. Nayak, Reinhard Busse, Andrew T. Leever, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Kathryn Mei Ming Lau, Stefania Mondello, Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh, Kris J. Krohn, Reza Rawassizadeh, Vishnu Renjith, Jianing Ma, Moses K. Muriithi, Mark G. Shrime, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Nobuyuki Horita, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Daniel Y. Cho, Miloje Savic, Moslem Soofi, Iqbal R. F. Elyazar, Freweini Gebrearegay G. Tela, Jonathan F. Mosser, Palash Chandra Banik, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Yuan-Pang Wang, Natalie C. Galles, Rashid Abdi Guled, Abdallah M. Samy, Hadi Pourjafar, Roman Topor-Madry, Ayesha Humayun, Leila Zaki, Nuworza Kugbey, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Naznin Hossain, Jiregna Darega Gela, Jordi Alonso, Ruth W Kimokoti, A. A. Fomenkov, Jalal Arabloo, Aletta E. Schutte, Biruk Wogayehu Taddele, Teklehaimanot Gereziher Haile, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Maciej Banach, Deanna Anderlini, Moses J. Bockarie, Saleem Muhammad Rana, Randah R. Hamadeh, Farhad Islami, Olalekan A. Uthman, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Kairat Davletov, Soraya Seedat, Alan D. Lopez, Masoud Behzadifar, Benjamin B. Massenburg, Santosh Varughese, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Amin Soheili, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine, Mojgan Gitimoghaddam, G Anil Kumar, Rasmus J. Havmoeller, Hiroyasu Iso, Atte Meretoja, Yasir Waheed, João M. Furtado, Christian Razo, Neeti Kapoor, Mowafa Househ, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Mohammad Khammarnia, Santi Martini, Feng Sha, Marco Vacante, Jacek A. Kopec, Hunduma Amensisa Bojia, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Kate E. LeGrand, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Robert S. Bernstein, Arun Balachandran, Davoud Adham, Ahad Bakhtiari, Shafiu Mohammed, Leake G. Gebremeskel, Smita Pakhale, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Daniel Cury Ribeiro, Yousef Mohammad, Bernhard T. Baune, Azeem Majeed, Luis Camera, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Rahman Shiri, Massimo Cirillo, Nikita Otstavnov, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Paolo Lauriola, Irfan Ullah, Aruna M Kamath, Maryam Mirzaei, Zabihollah Yousefi, Iman El Sayed, Mohammad Farahmand, Yetunde O. John-Akinola, Khem Narayan Pokhrel, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Megan Knight, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Teferi Mekonnen, Iván Landires, Robert G. Weintraub, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Paulo A. Lotufo, Mehdi Naderi, Tomislav Mestrovic, André Faro, Mohsen Bayati, Raffaele Palladino, Shahin Soltani, Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Abdiwahab Hashi, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Dejana Braithwaite, Sergio I. Prada, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Reza Pourmirza Kalhori, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Ronny Westerman, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Paul S. F. Yip, Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Gebremariam Woldu, Rashmi Gupta, Onome Bright Oghenetega, Shane D. Morrison, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Marcel Ausloos, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, K M Shivakumar, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Archith Boloor, Aidin Abedi, Binyam Minuye Birihane, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Nihad A. Almasri, Simachew Animen Bante, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Antonio Biondi, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Sarika Chaturvedi, Francesco Saverio Violante, Abhay Gaidhane, George A. Mensah, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Ebrahim Babaee, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Avina Vongpradith, Javad Nazari, Amir Khater, Michael K. Hole, Ben Lacey, Razique Anwer, Łukasz Szumowski, Ai Koyanagi, Rajesh Sagar, Ali Rajabpour-Sanati, Seyed M Karimi, Yordanos Gizachew Yeshitila, Mona Pathak, Nithin Kumar, Masoud Foroutan, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Abbas Mosapour, Kebede Deribe, Nermin Ghith, Vaman Kulkarni, Sanjay Zodpey, Asadollah Gholamian, Mohammed Shannawaz, Nancy Fullman, Benn Sartorius, Giulio Castelpietra, Ghulam Mustafa, Silvia Schiavolin, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Jeffrey D. Stanaway, Rafael Lozano, Christopher J L Murray, Guoqing Hu, Andrew M. Briggs, Ashish Badiye, Yousef Khader, Masoud Moghadaszadeh, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Valery L. Feigin, Claudia I. Mastrogiacomo, Emma Smith, Yasser Vasseghian, Saeed Amini, Asif Hanif, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Maryam Adabi, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Bhaskar Thakur, Ravi Mehrotra, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Lalit Dandona, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Simon I. Hay, Kiirithio N. Ngari, Obinna Onwujekwe, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Lorenzo Monasta, Neda Kianipour, Khurshid Alam, Luisa Sorio Flor, Priya Rathi, Ali Bijani, Khalid A Altirkawi, Jaimie Adelson, Hamed Zandian, Frank Tanser, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, John Everett Mumford, Morteza Oladnabi, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Masoud Moradi, Maseer Khan, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Amy E. Peden, Dhirendra N Sinha, Shanshan Li, Shailesh Advani, Behshad Naghshtabrizi, Matilde Leonardi, Lope H Barrero, Nicholas Steel, Dinh-Toi Chu, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Pushpendra Singh, Adrian Otoiu, Fabrizio Tediosi, Yonas Getaye Tefera, Pawan Faris, George C. Patton, Christopher Troeger, Mohammed Madadin, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Paul H. Lee, Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Emmanuel Wandera Okunga, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Samer Hamidi, Young-Ho Khang, Rufus Akinyemi, Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Rupak Desai, Eduardo Bernabé, Jamal A. Yearwood, Nima Rezaei, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Vasily Vlassov, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Reed J D Sorensen, Elena V. Gnedovskaya, Johan Ärnlöv, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Tahereh Javaheri, Tamer H. Farag, Paolo Cortesi, Gbenga A. Kayode, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Manu Raj Mathur, Getie Lake Aynalem, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Doris V.V. Ortega-Altamirano, Giorgia Giussani, Liliana G Ciobanu, Suraj Bhattarai, Basema Saddik, Mustafa Z. Younis, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ira Martopullo, Mohamed M. Gad, Kanyin L. Ong, Addisu Melese, Fotis Topouzis, Hanne Christensen, In-Hwan Oh, Arash Sarveazad, Shuhei Nomura, Peter Memiah, Sergej M. Ostojic, Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla, Dinesh Bhandari, Ahmed Omar Bali, Farahnaz Joukar, Arielle Wilder Eagan, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Ferrán Catalá-López, Caroline Stein, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Stephen S Lim, Siamak Sabour, Kelly Compton, Shoaib Hassan, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Claudiu Herteliu, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Muluken Altaye Ayza, Angela Y. Chang, Leila R Kalankesh, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Lal B. Rawal, Soewarta Kosen, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Theo Vos, Paula Moraga, Soheil Hassanipour, Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, Oladimeji Adebayo, Mikk Jürisson, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Carlo La Vecchia, Khalil Eskandari, Aziz Sheikh, Jagdish Khubchandani, James Leigh, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Stefan Kohler, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Michele Romoli, Jasvinder A. Singh, Neeraj Bedi, Ivo Iavicoli, Alyssa Pennini, Subas Neupane, Emmanuel Peprah, Sojib Bin Zaman, Marwa Rashad Salem, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Ramesh Holla, Bayisa Abdissa Baye, Robert Ancuceanu, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Ettore Beghi, Quique Bassat, B Reshmi, Masood Ali Shaikh, Ionut Negoi, Peter Azzopardi, Florian Fischer, Kerem Shuval, Sorin Hostiuc, Hmwe H Kyu, Ver Bilano, Siddhesh Zadey, Davide Rasella, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Radoslaw Sierpinski, Irina Filip, Michelle L. Bell, Malke Asaad, Ravensara S. Travillian, Christopher R. Cederroth, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Ashkan Afshin, Saqib Ali, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Hedayat Abbastabar, Zahid A Butt, Sagun Paudel, Vahid Rashedi, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Thomas R. Hird, Shokofeh Maleki, Atif Amin Baig, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Jorge R. Ledesma, Ai-Min Wu, Fablina Sharara, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Ratilal Lalloo, Rohollah Kalhor, Rosario Cárdenas, Amir Radfar, Salime Goharinezhad, Fereshteh Mehri, Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek, Spencer A. Pease, Diana Silva, Amir Hossein Goudarzian, Samath D Dharmaratne, Darshan B B, Mariya Vladimirovna Titova, Dickson A. Amugsi, Lee Ling Lim, Agegnehu Bante, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Majid A Almadi, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Nader Jahanmehr, Yuming Guo, Tauseef Ahmad, Platon D. Lopukhov, Takahiro Tabuchi, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Ritesh G. Menezes, Giovanni Damiani, Delia Hendrie, Mostafa Amini-Rarani, Sanjay Basu, Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei, Gholamreza Roshandel, Borhan Mansouri, Enrico Rubagotti, Anurag Agrawal, Alireza Esteghamati, Paramjit Gill, Graeme J. Hankey, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Silvano Gallus, Jeevan Pereira, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Giulia Carreras, Fariba Dorostkar, Pietro Ferrara, Andrea Farioli, Christoph Nowak, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Perminder S. Sachdev, Era Upadhyay, Tommi Vasankari, Susan M Sawyer, Adnan Kisa, Farshad Pourmalek, Kiomars Sharafi, Golnaz Heidari, Mohammad Abdollahi, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Sajid Hameed, Sanni Yaya, Bach Xuan Tran, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Ismail Tareque, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Kewal Krishan, Soraya Siabani, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Helena Ullyartha Pangaribuan, Maryam Zamanian, Joshua A. Salomon, Bianca S. Zlavog, Vinay Nangia, Falk Schwendicke, Takeshi Fukumoto, Hung Chak Ho, Jordan Weiss, Maha Atout, Tariku Tesfaye Bekuma, Efat Mohamadi, Nikolaos Dervenis, Joan B. Soriano, Syed Amir Gilani, Victor Adekanmbi, Marina Karanikolos, Alberto Raggi, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Weijia Fu, Reza Shirkoohi, Aditya Prasad Dash, Peng Jia, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Ashraf Nabhan, Isabela M. Benseñor, Morteza Jafarinia, Joht Singh Chandan, Usman Iqbal, Amira Shaheen, Deepak Saxena, Lauren B. Wilner, Nataliya A. Foigt, Jeadran N. Malagón-Rojas, David C. Schwebel, Gail Davey, Milena Ilic, Josep Maria Haro, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Stein Emil Vollset, Andrea Werdecker, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Yihun Mulugeta Alemu, Muhammad Ali, Mona M. Khater, Ehsan Sadeghi, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Pascual R. Valdez, Jennifer Rickard, Mark A. Stokes, Davide Sattin, Ewerton Cousin, Oliver J. Brady, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Mika Kivimäki, Andrew T Olagunju, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Goura Kishor Rath, Alberto Ortiz, Samad Azari, Nayu Ikeda, James L. Fisher, Peng Zheng, Elisabetta Pupillo, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Riaz Uddin, Ester Cerin, Amir Taherkhani, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Richard G. Wamai, Anders Larsson, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Hosni Salem, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Srikanta Banerjee, Yang Xie, Yuichiro Yano, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Themba G. Ginindza, Manasi Kumar, Babak Moazen, Bing-Fang Hwang, Cristiana Abbafati, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Juan Sanabria, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Carla Sofia e.Sá Farinha, Samuel B. Albertson, Chieh Han, Parvaiz A Koul, Foad Abd-Allah, Mojisola Oluwasanu, Mihaela Hostiuc, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Colm McAlinden, Mohsen Naghavi, Maarten J. Postma, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Jalil Jaafari, Walter Mendoza, Abdulaziz M. Almulhim, Magdalene K. Walters, Ali H. Mokdad, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Catherine M. Antony, Ken Lee Chin, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Daniel Diaz, Adrian Pana, Salman Rawaf, Gina Agarwal, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Savita Lasrado, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Praveen Hoogar, Srinivasa Rao Bolla, Fares Alahdab, Om P Kurmi, Sonali Kochhar, Van C. Lansingh, François Alla, Ali Almasi, Till Bärnighausen, Michael A. Piradov, Zubair Kabir, Boris Bikbov, Philip B. Mitchell, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Yahya Safari, Anirudh Kotlo, Jan-Walter De Neve, Biagio Simonetti, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Kenji Shibuya, GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborator, Violante FS, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Neurologian yksikkö, HUS Neurocenter, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital Area, GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborators, Lozano, Rafael, Fullman, Nancy, Mumford, John Everett, Knight, Megan, Barthelemy, Celine M, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, Abreu, Lucas Guimarãe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Adabi, Maryam, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adham, Davoud, Advani, Shailesh M, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Alahdab, Fare, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, Françoi, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi, Ali, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almasri, Nihad A, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Ayza, Muluken Altaye, Azari, Samad, Azzopardi, Peter S, B, Darshan B, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badiye, Ashish D, Bahrami, Mohammad Amin, Baig, Atif Amin, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balachandran, Arun, Balassyano, Shelly, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Bante, Simachew Animen, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrero, Lope H, Bassat, Quique, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye, Bell, Michelle L, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berman, Adam E, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Bori, Bilano, Ver, Biondi, Antonio, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, Bockarie, Moses John, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Brady, Oliver J, Braithwaite, Dejana, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castro, Franz, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Angela Y, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, 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Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Michalek, I, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, M, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M, Mitchell, P, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamadi, E, Mohammad, Y, Mohammad, D, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, J, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Mondello, S, Moradi, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mosser, J, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Muriithi, M, Mustafa, G, Nabhan, A, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Naghavi, M, Naghshtabrizi, B, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Nansseu, J, Nayak, V, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Neupane, S, Ngari, K, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, D, Nguyen, H, Nnaji, C, Nomura, S, Norheim, O, Noubiap, J, Nowak, C, Nunez-Samudio, V, Otoiu, A, Ogbo, F, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Okunga, E, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, J, Olusanya, B, Oluwasanu, M, Omar Bali, A, Omer, M, Ong, K, Onwujekwe, O, Ortega-Altamirano, D, Ortiz, A, Ostojic, S, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Øverland, S, Owolabi, M, Padubidri, J, Pakhale, S, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pangaribuan, H, Pathak, M, Patton, G, Paudel, S, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Pease, S, Peden, A, Pennini, A, Peprah, E, Pereira, J, Pigott, D, Pilgrim, T, Pilz, T, Pinheiro, M, Piradov, M, Pirsaheb, M, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Pourjafar, H, Pourmalek, F, Pourmirza Kalhori, R, Pourshams, A, Prada, S, Pribadi, D, Pupillo, E, Quazi Syed, Z, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rajabpour-Sanati, A, Rana, S, Ranabhat, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rashedi, V, Rath, G, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Razo, C, Renjith, V, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Rezaei, N, Riahi, S, Ribeiro, D, Rickard, J, Roberts, N, Roever, L, Romoli, M, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rubagotti, E, Rwegerera, G, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, M, Sadeghi, E, Safari, Y, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Sajadi, S, Salahshoor, M, Salem, M, Salem, H, Salomon, J, Samadi Kafil, H, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saraswathy, S, Sarmiento-Suárez, R, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Savic, M, Sawyer, S, Saxena, D, Sbarra, A, Schaeffer, L, Schiavolin, S, Schmidt, M, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Seedat, S, Sha, F, Shahabi, S, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharafi, K, Sharara, F, Sharifi, H, Shaw, D, Sheikh, A, Sheikhtaheri, A, Shetty, B, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, W, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, K, Shrime, M, Shuval, K, Siabani, S, Sierpinski, R, Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, D, Silva, J, Simonetti, B, Simpson, K, Singh, J, Singh, P, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Smith, E, Soheili, A, Soltani, S, Soofi, M, Sorensen, R, Soriano, J, Sorrie, M, Soyiri, I, Spurlock, E, Sreeramareddy, C, Stanaway, J, Steel, N, Stein, C, Stokes, M, Sufiyan, M, Suleria, H, Sultan, I, Szumowski, Ł, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadakamadla, S, Taddele, B, Tadesse, D, Taherkhani, A, Tamiru, A, Tanser, F, Tareque, M, Tarigan, I, Teagle, W, Tediosi, F, Tefera, Y, Tela, F, Tessema, Z, Thakur, B, Titova, M, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Topouzis, F, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Troeger, C, Tudor Car, L, Uddin, R, Ullah, I, Umeokonkwo, C, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Uthman, O, Vacante, M, Valdez, P, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Vasseghian, Y, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vongpradith, A, Vos, T, Waheed, Y, Walters, M, Wamai, R, Wang, H, Wang, Y, Weintraub, R, Weiss, J, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Wilner, L, Woldu, G, Wolfe, C, Wu, A, Wulf Hanson, S, Xie, Y, Xu, R, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yearwood, J, Yeshitila, Y, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yousefi, Z, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yusefzadeh, H, Zadey, S, Zahirian Moghadam, T, Zaidi, S, Zaki, L, Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zastrozhin, M, Zewdie, K, Zhang, Y, Zhao, X, Zhao, Y, Zheng, P, Zhu, C, Ziapour, A, Zlavog, B, Zodpey, S, Murray, C, Tampere University, Health Sciences, 10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Lozano, R., Fullman, N., Mumford, J. E., Knight, M., Barthelemy, C. M., Abbafati, C., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdollahi, M., Abedi, A., Abolhassani, H., Abosetugn, A. E., Abreu, L. G., Abrigo, M. R. M., Abu Haimed, A. K., Abushouk, A. I., Adabi, M., Adebayo, O. M., Adekanmbi, V., Adelson, J., Adetokunboh, O. O., Adham, D., Advani, S. M., Afshin, A., Agarwal, G., Agasthi, P., Aghamir, S. M. K., Agrawal, A., Ahmad, T., Akinyemi, R. O., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, K., Albertson, S. B., Alemu, Y. M., Alhassan, R. K., Ali, M., Ali, S., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S. M., Alla, F., Almadi, M. A. H., Almasi, A., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Almasri, N. A., Al-Mekhlafi, H. M., Almulhim, A. M., Alonso, J., Al-Raddadi, R. M., Altirkawi, K. A., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N. J., Amini, S., Amini-Rarani, M., Amiri, F., Amit, A. M. L., Amugsi, D. A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Andrei, C. L., Androudi, S., Ansari, F., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Antonio, C. A. T., Antony, C. M., Antriyandarti, E., Anvari, D., Anwer, R., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Aravkin, A. Y., Aremu, O., Arnlov, J., Asaad, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Asadi-Pooya, A. A., Athari, S. S., Atout, M. M. W., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Ayala Quintanilla, B. P., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M. A., Aynalem, Y. A., Aynalem, G. L., Ayza, M. A., Azari, S., Azzopardi, P. S., B, D. B., Babaee, E., Badiye, A. D., Bahrami, M. A., Baig, A. A., Bakhshaei, M. H., Bakhtiari, A., Bakkannavar, S. M., Balachandran, A., Banach, M., Banerjee, S. K., Banik, P. C., Bante, A. B., Bante, S. A., Barker-Collo, S. L., Barnighausen, T. W., Barrero, L. H., Bassat, Q., Basu, S., Baune, B. T., Bayati, M., Baye, B. A., Bedi, N., Beghi, E., Behzadifar, M., Bekuma, T. T. T., Bell, M. L., Bensenor, I. M., Berman, A. E., Bernabe, E., Bernstein, R. S., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhandari, D., Bhardwaj, P., Bhat, A. G., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Bhutta, Z. A., Bijani, A., Bikbov, B., Bilano, V., Biondi, A., Birihane, B. M., Bockarie, M. J., Bohlouli, S., Bojia, H. A., Bolla, S. R. R., Boloor, A., Brady, O. J., Braithwaite, D., Briggs, A. M., Briko, N. I., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Busse, R., Butt, Z. A., Caetano dos Santos, F. L., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Camera, L. A., Cardenas, R., Carreras, G., Carrero, J. J., Carvalho, F., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Castaneda-Orjuela, C. A., Castelpietra, G., Castro, F., Catala-Lopez, F., Cederroth, C. R., Cerin, E., Chandan, J. S., Chang, A. Y., Charan, J., Chattu, V. K., Chaturvedi, S., Chin, K. L., Cho, D. Y., Choi, J. -Y. J., Christensen, H., Chu, D. -T., Chung, M. T., Ciobanu, L. G., Cirillo, M., Compton, K., Cortesi, P. A., Costa, V. M., Cousin, E., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Damiani, G., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Darega Gela, J., Darwesh, A. M., Daryani, A., Dash, A. P., Davey, G., Davila-Cervantes, C. A., Davletov, K., De Neve, J. -W., Denova-Gutierrez, E., Deribe, K., Dervenis, N., Desai, R., Dharmaratne, S. D., Dhungana, G. P., Dianatinasab, M., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Dippenaar, I. N., Do, H. T., Dorostkar, F., Doshmangir, L., Duncan, B. B., Duraes, A. R., Eagan, A. W., Edvardsson, D., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Elgendy, I. Y., Elyazar, I. R., Eskandari, K., Eskandarieh, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Esteghamati, A., Ezekannagha, O., Farag, T., Farahmand, M., Faraon, E. J. A., Farinha, C. S. E. S., Farioli, A., Faris, P. S., Faro, A., Fazlzadeh, M., Feigin, V. L., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Feyissa, G. T., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J. L., Flor, L. S., Foigt, N. A., Folayan, M. O., Fomenkov, A. A., Foroutan, M., Francis, J. M., Fu, W., Fukumoto, T., Furtado, J. M., Gad, M. M., Gaidhane, A. M., Gakidou, E., Galles, N. C., Gallus, S., Gardner, W. M., Geberemariyam, B. S., Gebrehiwot, A. M., Gebremeskel, L. G., Gebremeskel, G. G., Gesesew, H. A., Ghadiri, K., Ghafourifard, M., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gholamian, A., Gilani, S. A., Gill, P. S., Gill, T. K., Ginindza, T. G., Gitimoghaddam, M., Giussani, G., Glagn, M., Gnedovskaya, E. V., Godinho, M. A., Goharinezhad, S., Gopalani, S. V., Goudarzian, A. H., Goulart, B. N. G., Gubari, M. I. M., Guimaraes, R. A., Guled, R. A., Gultie, T., Guo, Y., Gupta, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Hafiz, A., Haile, T. G., Hamadeh, R. R., Hameed, S., Hamidi, S., Han, C., Han, H., Handiso, D. W., Hanif, A., Hankey, G. J., Haro, J. M., Hasaballah, A. I., Hasan, M. M., Hashi, A., Hassan, S., Hassan, A., Hassanipour, S., Hassankhani, H., Havmoeller, R. J., Hay, S. I., Hayat, K., Heidari, G., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Hendrie, D., Herteliu, C., Hird, T. R., Ho, H. C., Hole, M. K., Holla, R., Hoogar, P., Hopf, K. P., Horita, N., Hossain, N., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Hsieh, V. C. -R., Hu, G., Huda, T. M., Humayun, A., Hwang, B. -F., Iavicoli, I., Ibitoye, S. E., Ikeda, N., Ilesanmi, O. S., Ilic, M. D., Inbaraj, L. R., Iqbal, U., Irvani, S. S. N., Irvine, C. M. S., Islam, M. M., Islam, S. M. S., Islami, F., Iso, H., Iwu, C. J., Jaafari, J., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Jafarinia, M., Jahagirdar, D., Jahani, M. A., Jahanmehr, N., Jakovljevic, M., Janjani, H., Javaheri, T., Jayatilleke, A. U., Jenabi, E., Jha, R. P., Jha, V., Ji, J. S., Jia, P., John-Akinola, Y. O., Jonas, J. B., Joukar, F., Jozwiak, J. J., Jurisson, M., Kabir, Z., Kalankesh, L. R., Kalhor, R., Kamath, A. M., Kanchan, T., Kapoor, N., Karami Matin, B., Karanikolos, M., Karimi, S. M., Kassebaum, N. J., Katikireddi, S. V., Kayode, G. A., Keiyoro, P. N., Khader, Y. S., Khammarnia, M., Khan, M., Khan, E. A., Khang, Y. -H., Khatab, K., Khater, A. M., Khater, M. M., Khatib, M. N., Khayamzadeh, M., Khubchandani, J., Kianipour, N., Kim, Y. J., Kimokoti, R. W., Kinfu, Y., Kisa, A., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Kivimaki, M., Kneib, C. J., Kocarnik, J. M., Kochhar, S., Kohler, S., Kopec, J. A., Korotkova, A. V., Korshunov, V. A., Kosen, S., Kotlo, A., Koul, P. A., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Krohn, K. J., Kugbey, N., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, G. A., Kumar, N., Kumar, M., Kurmi, O. P., Kusuma, D., Kyu, H. H., La Vecchia, C., Lacey, B., Lal, D. K., Lalloo, R., Landires, I., Lansingh, V. C., Larsson, A. O., Lasrado, S., Lau, K. M. -M., Lauriola, P., Lazarus, J. V., Ledesma, J. R., Lee, P. H., Lee, S. W. H., Leever, A. T., Legrand, K. E., Leigh, J., Leonardi, M., Li, S., Lim, S. S., Lim, L. -L., Liu, X., Logroscino, G., Lopez, A. D., Lopukhov, P. D., Lotufo, P. A., Lu, A., Ma, J., Madadin, M., Mahasha, P. W., Mahmoudi, M., Majeed, A., Malagon-Rojas, J. N., Maleki, S., Malta, D. C., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M. A., Martini, S., Martins-Melo, F. R., Martopullo, I., Massenburg, B. B., Mastrogiacomo, C. I., Mathur, M. R., Mcalinden, C., Mckee, M., Medina-Solis, C. E., Meharie, B. G., Mehndiratta, M. M., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Mehri, F., Mehrotra, R., Mekonnen, T., Melese, A., Memiah, P. T. N., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R. G., Mensah, G. A., Meretoja, T. J., Meretoja, A., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, B., Michalek, I. M., Mirrakhimov, E. M., Mirzaei, M., Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M., Mitchell, P. B., Moazen, B., Moghadaszadeh, M., Mohamadi, E., Mohammad, Y., Mohammad, D. K., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, S., Mohammed, J. A., Mokdad, A. H., Monasta, L., Mondello, S., Moradi, M., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Morgado-da-Costa, J., Morrison, S. D., Mosapour, A., Mosser, J. F., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Muriithi, M. K., Mustafa, G., Nabhan, A. F., Naderi, M., Nagarajan, A. J., Naghavi, M., Naghshtabrizi, B., Naimzada, M. D., Nangia, V., Nansseu, J. R., Nayak, V. C., Nazari, J., Ndejjo, R., Negoi, I., Negoi, R. I., Neupane, S., Ngari, K. N., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ngunjiri, J. W., Nguyen, C. T., Nguyen, D. N., Nguyen, H. L. T., Nnaji, C. A., Nomura, S., Norheim, O. F., Noubiap, J. J., Nowak, C., Nunez-Samudio, V., Otoiu, A., Ogbo, F. A., Oghenetega, O. B., Oh, I. -H., Okunga, E. W., Oladnabi, M., Olagunju, A. T., Olusanya, J. O., Olusanya, B. O., Oluwasanu, M. M., Omar Bali, A., Omer, M. O., Ong, K. L., Onwujekwe, O. E., Ortega-Altamirano, D. V. V., Ortiz, A., Ostojic, S. M., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S. S., Overland, S., Owolabi, M. O., Padubidri, J. R., Pakhale, S., Palladino, R., Pana, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pangaribuan, H. U., Pathak, M., Patton, G. C., Paudel, S., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Pease, S. A., Peden, A. E., Pennini, A., Peprah, E. K., Pereira, J., Pigott, D. M., Pilgrim, T., Pilz, T. M., Pinheiro, M., Piradov, M. A., Pirsaheb, M., Pokhrel, K. N., Postma, M. J., Pourjafar, H., Pourmalek, F., Pourmirza Kalhori, R., Pourshams, A., Prada, S. I., Pribadi, D. R. A., Pupillo, E., Quazi Syed, Z., Radfar, A., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Raggi, A., Rahim, F., Rahman, M. A., Rajabpour-Sanati, A., Rana, S. M., Ranabhat, C. L., Rao, S. J., Rasella, D., Rashedi, V., Rath, G. K., Rathi, P., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D. L., Rawal, L., Rawassizadeh, R., Razo, C., Renjith, V., Renzaho, A. M. N., Reshmi, B., Rezaei, N., Riahi, S. M., Ribeiro, D. C., Rickard, J., Roberts, N. L. S., Roever, L., Romoli, M., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Rubagotti, E., Rwegerera, G. M., Sabour, S., Sachdev, P. S., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, M., Sadeghi, E., Safari, Y., Sagar, R., Sahebkar, A., Sahraian, M. A., Sajadi, S. M., Salahshoor, M. R., Salem, M. R. R., Salem, H., Salomon, J., Samadi Kafil, H., Samy, A. M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Saraswathy, S. Y. I., Sarmiento-Suarez, R., Sartorius, B., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sathish, T., Sattin, D., Savic, M., Sawyer, S. M., Saxena, D., Sbarra, A. N., Schaeffer, L. E., Schiavolin, S., Schmidt, M. I., Schutte, A. E., Schwebel, D. C., Schwendicke, F., Seedat, S., Sha, F., Shahabi, S., Shaheen, A. A., Shaikh, M. A., Shamsizadeh, M., Shannawaz, M., Sharafi, K., Sharara, F., Sharifi, H., Shaw, D. H., Sheikh, A., Sheikhtaheri, A., Shetty, B. S. K., Shibuya, K., Shiferaw, W. S., Shigematsu, M., Shin, J. I., Shiri, R., Shirkoohi, R., Shivakumar, K. M., Shrime, M. G., Shuval, K., Siabani, S., Sierpinski, R., Sigfusdottir, I. D., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, D. A. S., Silva, J. P., Simonetti, B., Simpson, K. E., Singh, J. A., Singh, P., Sinha, D. N., Skryabin, V. Y., Smith, E. U. R., Soheili, A., Soltani, S., Soofi, M., Sorensen, R. J. D., Soriano, J. B., Sorrie, M. B., Soyiri, I. N., Spurlock, E. E., Sreeramareddy, C. T., Stanaway, J. D., Steel, N., Stein, C., Stokes, M. A., Sufiyan, M. B., Suleria, H. A. R., Sultan, I., Szumowski, L., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Tabuchi, T., Tadakamadla, S. K., Taddele, B. W., Tadesse, D. B., Taherkhani, A., Tamiru, A. T., Tanser, F. C., Tareque, M. I., Tarigan, I. U., Teagle, W. L., Tediosi, F., Tefera, Y. G. G., Tela, F. G., Tessema, Z. T., Thakur, B., Titova, M. V., Tonelli, M., Topor-Madry, R., Topouzis, F., Tovani-Palone, M. R. R., Tran, B. X., Travillian, R., Troeger, C. 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Subjects: Index (economics), Servicios de Salud, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, universal health coverage, sustaibale develpment goal, global burden of disease, performance, systematic analysis, Global Burden of Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Universal Health Insurance, RA0421, 11. Sustainability, Per capita, Medical economics, Disease, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, effective coverage of health services, GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborators, education.field_of_study, Public health, Medical care, Sjúkdómar, 4. Education, 1. No poverty, Health coverage, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Hälsovetenskaper, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Health services, 3. Good health, Global burden of disease, Health Expenditures, Humans, World Health Organization, Purchasing power parity, Scale (social sciences), Lýðheilsa, universal health coverag, CANCER SURVIVAL, ACCESS, Human, Heilsuhagfræði, medicine.medical_specialty, Health coverage, GBD, GBD, Universal health, GBD 2019, Population, Health expenditures, 3122 Cancers, Population health, 03 medical and health sciences, Health systems, Heilbrigðisvísindi, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, Development economics, Health Sciences, medicine, Heilbrigðisstefna, Alþjóðaheilbrigðisstofnunin, QUALITY, Global Burden of Disease Study, education, PROGRESS, Disease burden, Health services accessibility, CARE, Heilbrigðisþjónusta, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], Health Expenditure, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Morbility, Administración de los Servicios de Salud, Medical policy, Business, Heilbrigðiskerfi
Abstract: Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (>= 65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0-100 based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target-1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023-we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45.8 (95% uncertainty interval 44.2-47.5) in 1990 to 60.3 (58.7-61.9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2.6% [1.9-3.3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010-2019 relative to 1990-2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0.79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388.9 million (358.6-421.3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3.1 billion (3.0-3.2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968.1 million [903.5-1040.3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people-the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close-or how far-all populations are in benefiting from UHC., Lucas Guimaraes Abreu acknowledges support from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brasil (Capes) -Finance Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). Olatunji O Adetokunboh acknowledges South African Department of Science & Innovation, and National Research Foundation. Anurag Agrawal acknowledges support from the Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance Senior Fellowship IA/CPHS/14/1/501489. Rufus Olusola Akinyemi acknowledges Grant U01HG010273 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as part of the H3Africa Consortium. Rufus Olusola Akinyemi is further supported by the FLAIR fellowship funded by the UK Royal Society and the African Academy of Sciences. Syed Mohamed Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University and International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. Marcel Ausloos, Claudiu Herteliu, and Adrian Pana acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDSUEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. Till Winfried Barnighausen acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Juan J Carrero was supported by the Swedish Research Council (2019-01059). Felix Carvalho acknowledges UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 support with funding from FCT/MCTES through national funds. Vera Marisa Costa acknowledges support from grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), IP, under the Norma TransitA3ria DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. Jan-Walter De Neve acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Kebede Deribe acknowledges support by Wellcome Trust grant number 201900/Z/16/Z as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship. Claudiu Herteliu acknowledges partial support by a grant co-funded by European Fund for Regional Development through Operational Program for Competitiveness, Project ID P_40_382. Praveen Hoogar acknowledges the Centre for Bio Cultural Studies (CBiCS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE), Manipal and Centre for Holistic Development and Research (CHDR), Kalghatgi. Bing-Fang Hwang acknowledges support from China Medical University (CMU108-MF-95), Taichung, Taiwan. Mihajlo Jakovljevic acknowledges the Serbian part of this GBD contribution was co-funded through the Grant OI175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. Aruna M Kamath acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health T32 grant (T32GM086270). Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi acknowledges funding from the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13 & MC_UU_12017/15), Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU13 & SPHSU15) and an NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02). Yun Jin Kim acknowledges support from the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2018-C2/ITCM/0001). Kewal Krishan acknowledges support from the DST PURSE grant and UGC Center of Advanced Study (CAS II) awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Manasi Kumar acknowledges support from K43 TW010716 Fogarty International Center/NIMH. Ben Lacey acknowledges support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford. Ivan Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de InvestigaciA3n (SNI), which is supported by the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT), Panama. Jeffrey V Lazarus acknowledges support by a Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Miguel Servet grant (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ESF, European Union [CP18/00074]). Peter T N Memiah acknowledges CODESRIA; HISTP. Subas Neupane acknowledges partial support from the Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Tampere University Hospital. Shuhei Nomura acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (18K10082). Alberto Ortiz acknowledges support by ISCIII PI19/00815, DTS18/00032, ISCIII-RETIC REDinREN RD016/0009 Fondos FEDER, FRIAT, Comunidad de Madrid B2017/BMD-3686 CIFRA2-CM. These funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication. George C Patton acknowledges support from a National Health & Medical Research Council Fellowship. Marina Pinheiro acknowledges support from FCT for funding through program DL 57/2016 -Norma transitA3ria. Alberto Raggi, David Sattin, and Silvia Schiavolin acknowledge support by a grant from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Linea 4 -Outcome Research: dagli Indicatori alle Raccomandazioni Cliniche). Daniel Cury Ribeiro acknowledges support from the Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship -Health Research Council of New Zealand (18/111). Perminder S Sachdev acknowledges funding from the NHMRC Australia. Abdallah M Samy acknowledges support from a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. Milena M Santric-Milicevic acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Contract No. 175087). Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez acknowledges institutional support from University of Applied and Environmental Sciences in Bogota, Colombia, and Carlos III Institute of Health in Madrid, Spain. Maria Ines Schmidt acknowledges grants from the Foundation for the Support of Research of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (IATS and PrInt) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam acknowledges a fellowship from the National Heart Foundation of Australia and Deakin University. Aziz Sheikh acknowledges support from Health Data Research UK. Kenji Shibuya acknowledges Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Joan B Soriano acknowledges support by Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos acknowledges partial support from grant PI17/00719 from ISCIII-FEDER. Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla acknowledges support from the National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship, Australia. Marcello Tonelli acknowledges the David Freeze Chair in Health Services Research at the University of Calgary, AB, Canada., "Peer Reviewed"
Published: 2020

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29 results on '"Albertson, Samuel B."'

1. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2. Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

3. Global burden associated with 85 pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

4. Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

5. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

6. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of lower respiratory infections among children younger than 5 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

7. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

8. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV, 1980–2017, and forecasts to 2030, for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017

9. Mortality, morbidity, and hospitalisations due to influenza lower respiratory tract infections, 2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

10. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

11. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

12. Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in children under five years of age in 195 countries: A meta-regression analysis

13. Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

14. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

15. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

16. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

17. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

18. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

19. Mortality, morbidity, and hospitalisations due to influenza lower respiratory tract infections, 2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

20. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

21. Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

22. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

23. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

24. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

25. Estimaciones de la morbilidad global, regional y nacional, Mortalidad y etiología de las infecciones respiratorias inferiores. En 195 países, 1990-2016: un análisis sistemático para el estudio de la carga mundial de la enfermedad 2016

26. Estimaciones de la morbilidad, mortalidad y etiología de la diarrea a nivel mundial, regional y nacional en 195 países: un análisis sistemático para el estudio de la carga mundial de la enfermedad 2016

27. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

28. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

29. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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