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Background The endovascular treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a treatment with low risk and good reported results. This retrospective study analyzed experience with patients requiring surgical conversion after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). Methods A total of 26 patients underwent open conversion (OC) after EVAR (18 endografts implanted at the authors' center and 8 in other centers). Patients were divided into 2 groups: early conversion if OC was performed within 30 days from the primary EVAR, and late conversion if OC was performed at least 30 days after EVAR. The authors analyzed all data on OC and the postoperative course. Results In this series, OC was performed for 22 endoleaks (13 type I, 5 type II, 2 type III, and 2 type V, which in 5 cases these were associated with AAA ruptures), 2 renal artery coverages, and 2 endograft infections. Six (23%) patients underwent early conversion with a mortality rate of 50%, and 20 (77%) had late conversion with a mortality rate of 20%. The overall mortality rate after OC, occurring before hospital discharge or within 30 days, was 26.9% (7 of 26). Conclusions Endoleaks remain the weak point of endografts and can result in aneurysm rupture/death. Urgent OC and infections engender a high mortality. Elective OC can be performed with very low mortality and acceptable morbidity. Lifelong surveillance is necessary to detect and treat endoleaks.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of the off-label use of the Nellix endograft (Endologix, Irvine, Calif) for the treatment of short-neck aneurysms and juxtarenal aortic aneurysms (JAAs) compared with the outcomes of patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms treated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for use.Data available from patients treated with the Nellix endograft from September 2013 to January 2016 were reviewed to create a case-control analysis (1:2). Fourteen elective patients with a short-neck aneurysm or JAA (10 mm) and mild aortic neck angulation (35 degrees) were included. As a control group, 28 elective patients who had been treated in accordance with instructions for use were included. Patients were matched for age, sex, aortic diameter, and aortic neck angulation. The final cohort group included 42 patients: 14 in the JAA off-label group (5 with aortic neck length ≤4 mm and 9 with necks of 5 to 10 mm) and 28 in the control group. Technical and clinical success, freedom from any secondary intervention, any type of endoleak, and aneurysm-related death were evaluated.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of comorbidity, intraoperative time, radiation time, contrast agent volume, and perioperative mortality and morbidity. Two patients of the JAA group subsequently underwent open repair (14%), both with aortic neck length 4 mm (2/5; 40%), for type Ia endoleak. Two of the control group also subsequently underwent open repair (7%). At a mean follow-up of 22 ± 3.9 months, freedom from any reintervention was 85% for the JAA off-label group vs 92% for the control group (log-rank test, P = .33).The off-label use of the Nellix endograft for the treatment of JAA showed a higher rate of subsequent conversion to open repair for JAA patients (aortic neck length ≤4 mm), underlining the need for a proximal sealing zone. Longer term data are needed to verify the possible use of the Nellix endograft in selected short-neck aneurysms with aortic neck length5 mm.

Entre 2000 et 2010, 32 patients (17 hommes ; âge moyen : 64,7 [extremes 18-85 ans) avec des anevrysmes d’arteres viscerales (AAVs) ont ete traites dans notre centre. Le site de la maladie anevrismale etait : l’artere splenique (18), l’artere hepatique (5), l’artere mesenterique superieure (3), l’artere pancreatico-duodenale (3), le tronc cœliaque (2), et (1) l’artere gastroduodenale. Six patients (18,75%) se sont presentes avec une rupture anevrysmale. Neuf cas ont recu un traitement endovasculaire. Le succes technique primaire etait obtenu chez six patients. Les echecs incluaient un cas d'occlusion de stent immediate, une migration de stent, et une tentative d'embolisation. Dans 24 cas, le traitement chirurgical etait realise avec succes. Le taux de survie global etait de 90,6% (en urgence : 75% ; electif : 95,8%). Les resultats etait corrects apres une periode de suivi de 34,7 mois (extremes : 2-117 mois). En raison du risque potentiel de rupture, les AAVs devraient etre traite. Une nouvelle technologie endovasculaire basee sur un stent multicouche a pu nous fournir une alternative au traitement des AAVs, garantissant la thrombose du sac anevrysmal et la perfusion correcte des organes. Cependant, cette nouvelle technologie n'est pas adaptee a tous les anevrysmes et necessite une formation specifique et une courbe d'apprentissage. Chez les sujets avec un faible risque chirurgical, la chirurgie garantit une reparation definitive et durable avec une bonne perfusion d'organe.

Objectifs Le thrombus libre flottant de l'artere carotide interne (TLF-ACI) est rare et sa vraie incidence est inconnue. L'etiologie la plus commune est la complication d'une plaque atheromateuse, mais plusieurs conditions medicales peuvent etre responsables. Le but de cette etude etait d'analyser retrospectivement notre experience de l'endarteriectomie carotidienne dans la gestion des TLF-ACI et d'analyser les resultats. Methodes Une revue retrospective a ete faite sur tous les patients admis pendant les 9 dernieres annees avec un diagnostic de TLF-ACI. La demographie, les manifestations cliniques, les modalites diagnostiques, les indications chirurgicales, les details operatoires, les suites postoperatoires, et le suivi ont ete enregistres dans la base de donnees de l'hopital. Resultats Entre janvier 2000 et decembre 2008, dans notre unite, 2.572 endarteriectomies carotidiennes ont ete faites pour lesion de l'artere carotide. Un total de 16 patients (16 sur 2.572 ; 0,62%) ont ete traites pour un TLF-ACI. En tout, 87,5% (14 sur 16) patients avaient eu des symptomes neurologiques. Tous les patients ont eu un examen duplex. Dans 75% (12 de 16) de cas, des examens diagnostiques additionnels ont ete faits : angiographie numerique en soustraction (ANS), angiographie par resonance magnetique, ou scanner. Le duplex et l'ANS ont detecte le TLF-ACI dans 62,5% et 100% des cas, respectivement. Le scanner et l'angiographie par resonance magnetique n'ont pas fourni de diagnostic chez la majorite des patients (33,4% et 66,7%, respectivement). La presence d'un TLF-ACI a ete confirmee en peroperatoire dans tous les cas. Le taux cumulatif d'AVC apres chirurgie etait de 6,3% (un sur 16). Parmi tous les patients sortis, 68,75% montraient une amelioration des symptomes neurologiques, 12,5% etaient asymptomatiques, 12,5% n'avaient aucun changement des symptomes, et 6,25% des cas etaient aggraves. Au suivi de 30 jours, le taux de survie etait de 93,7% et 75% des patients avaient une amelioration des symptomes neurologiques, 12,5% etaient asymptomatiques, et 6,25% etaient morts. En tout, 6,25% des patients ont ete perdus de vue. Conclusion Les patients avec TLF-ACI sont habituellement symptomatiques et se presentent en urgence. Le duplex demeure l'examen diagnostic de reference pour detecter les TLF-ACI. Nous ne pouvons pas affirmer que la chirurgie precoce est superieure a l'anticoagulation provisoire et/ou a l'intervention differee en raison de l'absence d'un groupe controle. Cependant, nos resultats retrospectifs suggerent que l'intervention rapide est une alternative sure dans le traitement des TLF-ACI.

Introduction Cette etude retrospective unicentrique sequentielle comparait les resultats de l’endarteriectomie carotidienne (EAC) sous anesthesie generale a l’EAC sous anesthesie generale. Methodes De Novembre 2002 a Octobre 2004, 428 EACs etaient realisees dans notre unite vasculaire. Deux groupes etaient formes : groupe AG (anesthesie generale) : 219 patients operes sous anesthesie generale ; groupe AL (anesthesie locale) : 209 patients operes sous anesthesie locale. Resultats Il n’y avait aucun deces dans les deux groupes. Apres chirurgie, trois accidents vasculaires constitues etaient notes dans le groupe AG et trois dans le groupe AL (AG 1,36% vs. AL 1,43%, p = 0,9540) ; Apres EAC, il y avait trois AITs dans le groupe AG et aucun dans le groupe AL (AG 0,42% vs. AL 0%, p = 0,2634). Conclusion La morbi-mortalite n’etait pas influencee par le type d’anesthesie utilisee en chirurgie carotidienne. Aucune difference statistique n’etait detectee en termes de taux de complications neurologiques et cardio-pulmonaires entre l’AG et l’AL.

The early risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke is of the order of 5-10% at 1 week and 10-20% at 3 months. Even if carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the treatment of choice in symptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis, the timing of carotid intervention after acute stroke is not yet codified. The authors want to determinate whether early CEA is safely carried out in the first few hours (48 hours) successive to the nondebilitating neurological event and whether the outcome (TIA/stroke/death) in these cases is comparable with the results of those treated by delayed/deferred surgery (range, 48 hours-24 weeks).In 4 years, the authors performed 1,184 CEA (285 symptomatic). Five groups were formed from 285 symptomatic patients, according to interval between TIA/stroke onset and performance of CEA: G1, less than 48 hours; G2, 48 hours-2 weeks; G3, 2-4 weeks; G4, 4-8 weeks; G5, 8-24 weeks. Surgery was never performed on patients with disabling neurological deficit (modified Rankin Scale, 5) at the time of admittance, cerebral lesions greater than 3 cm at magnetic resonance/computed tomography scan, presence or suspect of parenchymal hemorrhage associated with ischemic damage, condition considered unfit for surgery (American Society of Anesthesiology classification grade V), and occlusion of the cerebral middle artery. Neurological and diagnostic examinations (duplex-scanning and computed tomography/magnetic resonance scan) were used in determining the selection for early CEA.Cumulative TIA/stroke/death rate after CEA was 3.8% (11/285) and at 30 days was 2.8% (8/285). The cumulative TIA rate after CEA and at 30 days was 0% (0/285). The cumulative stroke rate after CEA was 3.5% (10/285) and at 30 days was 2.4% (7/285). The cumulative death rate after CEA and at 30 days was 0.3% (1/285). Stroke rate after CEA in each group was: G1 4.2% (3/70); G2 3.2% (2/61); G3 0% (0/22); G4 3.4% (1/29); G5 3.8% (4/103). Any statistically significant difference between G1 and the other four groups was not detected with regard to postoperative stroke: G1 (4.2%) versus G2 (3.2%), p = 0.7641; G1 (4.2%) versus G3 (0%), p = 0.7648; G1 (4.2%) versus G4 (3.4%), p = 0.8473; G1 (4.2%) versus G5 (3.8%), p = 0.8952. No hemorrhagic stroke was detected after early CEA. The type of anesthesia and the use of a shunt didn't show any significant difference between the five groups.The analysis of these records suggests that early CEA in the acute post stroke phase, for patients clinically selected, does not result in greater complications than when performed delayed or deferred . Furthermore, the advantage of early CEA is the reduction of recurrent strokes, as untreated patients present a higher incidence of neurological events.

Objectif Le risque precoce de survenue d’un accident vasculaire cerebral apres un accident ischemique transitoire (AIT)/accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC) varie entre 5 et 10% a une semaine et 10 et 20% a trois mois. Bien que l’endarteriectomie carotidienne (EAC) soit le traitement de choix des stenoses symptomatiques de l’artere carotide interne, le delai de realisation des interventions carotidiennes apres un accident vasculaire aigu n’est toujours pas codifie. Les auteurs ont voulu determiner si une EAC precoce pouvait etre realisee de maniere sure au cours des premieres heures ( Methodes En quatre ans, les auteurs ont effectue 1184 EAC (285 symptomatiques). Cinq groupes ont ete formes a partir des 285 patients symptomatiques, selon l’intervalle separant la survenue de l’AIT (accident cerebral) et la realisation de l’EAC : G1, moins de 48 heures ; G2, 48 heures-2 semaines ; G3, 2-4 semaines ; G4, 4-8 semaines ; G5, 8-24 semaines. La chirurgie n’a jamais ete effectuee lorsque les patients presentaient des deficits neurologiques invalidants (echelle de Rankin modifiee, 5) a l’admission, des lesions cerebrales superieures a 3 cm sur l’IRM ou le scanner, presence ou suspicion d’hemorragie parenchymateuse associee aux lesions ischemiques, patients consideres comme mauvais candidats a la chirurgie (classification de l’American Society of Anesthesiology grade V) et en cas d’occlusion de l’artere cerebrale moyenne. Des examens neurologiques et diagnostiques (echographie Doppler et scanner/IRM) ont ete utilises pour selectionner les candidats a l’EAC precoce. Resultats Le taux cumulatif AIT/AVC/deces apres EAC a ete de 3,8% (11/285) et de 2,8% (8/285) a 30 jours. Le taux cumulatif d’AIT apres EAC et a 30 jours a ete de 0% (0/285). Le taux cumulatif d’AVC apres EAC a ete de 3,5% (10/285) et a 30 jours de 2,4% (7/285). Le taux cumulatif de deces apres EAC et a 3 jours a ete de 0,3% (1/285). Le taux d’AVC apres EAC dans chaque groupe a ete : G1 4,2% (3/70) ; G2 3,2% (2/61) ; G3 0% (0/22) ; G4 3,4% (1/29) ; G5 3,8% (4/103). Il n’a pas ete montre de difference statistiquement significative entre les groupes G1 et les quatre autres groupes concernant la survenue d’un AVC post-operatoire : G1 (4,2%) versus G2 (3,2%), p = 0,7641 ; G1 (4,2%) versus G3 (0%), p = 0,7648 ; G1 (4,2%) versus G4 (3,4%), p = 0,8473 ; G1 (4,2%) versus G5 (3,8%), p = 0,8952. Il n’y a eu aucun accident hemorragique compliquant une EAC precoce. Le type d’anesthesie et l’utilisation d’un shunt n’etaient pas significativement differents entre les 5 groupes. Conclusions L’analyse de ces donnees suggere qu’une EAC precoce dans la phase suivant un evenement neurologique aigu, chez les patients cliniquement selectionnes, ne semble pas augmenter le risque de complications comparee a la chirurgie retardee ou differee. De plus, l’avantage de l’EAC precoce est de reduire les taux de recidive d’evenement neurologique, les patients non traites en presentant une plus forte incidence.

A 69-year-old man was referred to our facility owing to the sudden onset of a compression-like pain in the right leg, without limb-threatening acute ischemia. The duplex scan examination, followed by a selective leg angiography, showed the presence of a peroneal artery aneurysm. A diagnosis of mycotic aneurysm was made on the basis of the patient’s clinical condition, positive blood cultures, and the unusual location of the lesion. Endovascular repair was performed by using a coil embolization and covered stent release. The patient was discharged in good general condition with complete pain relief. In previously published data, only four cases of peroneal artery aneurysm with a mycotic etiology have been reported. In this case, the endovascular treatment was safe and resolutive.

Five patients were treated for ruptured visceral artery aneurysms during the last 9 years, including two splenic and three pancreaticoduodenal aneurysms. The average size of aneurysm was 2.6 cm (range: 1.5-5 cm). All patients underwent open surgical treatment. There was one operative death. After a mean follow-up of 46.6 months, there were no cases of mortality or secondary complications. The authors conclude that operative treatment of ruptured visceral artery aneurysms is durable.

Background Free-floating thrombus in the internal carotid artery (FFT-ICA) is a rare condition and its real incidence is unknown. The most common etiology is a complication of an atherosclerotic plaque, but several medical conditions can be responsible. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze our experience with carotid endarterectomy in the management of FFT-ICA and also to analyze the patient outcome. Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients admitted during the past 9 years with a diagnosis of FFT-ICA. Patient demographics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic modalities, surgical indications, operative details, postoperative courses, and follow-up information were recorded from the hospital database. Results Between January 2000 and December 2008, in our Unit, 2,572 carotid endarterectomies were performed for carotid artery disease. A total of 16 patients (16 of 2,572; 0.62%) were treated for an FFT-ICA. In all, 87.5% (14 of 16) of patients had neurological symptoms. All patients underwent a duplex scan. In 75% (12 of 16) of cases, additional diagnostic tests were performed: digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance angiography, or computed tomographic scan. Duplex scan and DSA detected the FFT-ICA in 62.5% and 100% of cases, respectively. Computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance angiography failed to provide a diagnosis in majority of the patients (33.4% and 66.7%, respectively). The presence of FFT-ICA was confirmed intraoperatively in all cases. The cumulative stroke rate after surgery was 6.3% (one of 16). Of the total number of patients discharged, 68.75% showed an improvement of neurological symptoms, 12.5% were asymptomatic, 12.5% had no changes in symptoms, and 6.25% of cases worsened. At 30-day follow-up, the survival rate was 93.7% and 75% of patients showed an improvement of neurological symptoms, 12.5% were asymptomatic, and 6.25% died. In all, 6.25% of patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion Patients with FFT-ICA are usually symptomatic and present with an acute emergency. DSA remains the gold standard diagnostic test in FFT-ICA detection. We cannot assert that early surgery is superior to temporary anticoagulation and/or delayed intervention because of the absence of a comparison group. However, our retrospective results suggest that prompt intervention seems to be a safe alternative in FFT-ICA treatment.

Between 2000 and 2010, 32 patients (17 males; mean age: 64.7 [range: 18-85] years) with visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) were treated in our center. The site of aneurysmal disease was: splenic artery (18), hepatic artery (5), superior mesenteric artery (3), pancreaticoduodenal artery (3), celiac axis (2), and gastroduodenal (1). Six patients (18.75%) presented with an aneurysm rupture. Nine cases received an endovascular treatment. Primary technical success was achieved in six patients. Failures included one case of immediate stent occlusion, one stent migration, and one failed attempt of embolization. In 24 cases, the surgical treatment was performed successfully. The total survival rate was 90.6% (in urgency: 75%; in election: 95.8%). A follow-up period of 34.7 months (range: 2-117 months) showed good results. Because of the potential risk of rupture, VAAs should be treated. A new endovascular technology based on a multilayer stent could provide us with a new alternative to VAA treatment, guaranteeing both aneurysmatic sac thrombosis and the correct perfusion of the organs. However, this new technology is not suitable for all aneurysms and requires a specific training and learning curve. In subjects with a low surgical risk, surgery guarantees a definitive and long-lasting repair with a good organ perfusion.

True aneurysms of tibial artery are rare occurrences and their rupture is really rare. We report the case of a 59-year-old man who, after an episode of bacterial endocarditis, presented a posterior tibial aneurysm formation evolved in rupture. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a true giant aneurysm rupture of the posterior tibial artery (diameter, 6 cm). The treatment consisted of aneurysmectomy and surgical arterial ligation. A follow-up of 24 months was performed with good results.

Background This sequential retrospective monocentric study compares the results between general and local anesthesia for carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Methods Between November 2002 and October 2004, 428 CEAs were performed in our vascular unit. Two groups were formed: group GA (general anesthesia): 219 patients operated under general anesthesia; group LA (local anesthesia): 209 patients operated under local anesthesia. Results No mortality was found in both groups. After surgery, three strokes were detected in group GA and three in group LA (GA 1.36% vs. LA 1.43%, p = .9540); After CEA, there were three TIAs in GA group and none in LA group (GA 0.42% vs. LA 0%, p = .2634). Conclusion The morbi-mortality was not influenced by the type of anesthesia used for carotid surgery. No statistical difference was detected in the perioperative neurological and cardiopulmonary complication rates between GA and LA.

The Nellix device (Endologix, Irvine, CA), has been designed with a brand new concept to seal the abdominal aortic aneurysms, minimizing endoleaks and reducing reinterventions. We present the first open conversion of a Nellix endograft due to aortoduodenal fistula of a 74-year-old male patient treated for an abdominal aortic aneurysms of 62-mm diameter.

A 48-year-old woman was referred to us for a pulsatile and painful mass on the right leg after a trauma occurred 2 months earlier. The duplex scan revealed the presence of an aneurysm of the perforating peroneal artery. The patient underwent an endovascular coil embolization of the aneurysm. The duplex-scan follow-up showed the patency of the peroneal vessel and the complete aneurysm thrombosis. The patient was discharged in good condition without pain. In literature, only four cases of aneurysm of perforating peroneal artery aneurysm, all with a clear traumatic etiology, are reported. In this case, the endovascular treatment was safe and effective.

Les fistules aorto-esophagiennes sont rares mais mortelles si non traitees. La chirurgie thoracique ouverte est associe a une mortalite et a une morbidite operatoires elevees. Nous rapportons le cas d'un homme de 77 ans qui, traite par reparation aortique endovasculaire thoracique (TEVAR) pour anevrysme thoracique descendant dans un autre centre, apres un episode aigu d'hematemese et de moelena avait ete transfere dans notre centre. Le scanner corps entier montrait la re-perfusion du sac anevrysmal thoracique descendant (8,8 cm de diametre) au niveau de la zone proximale et distale d'ancrage de TEVAR (endofuite de type I) sans signes clairs de fistule avec la lumiere oesophagienne. Le malade a eu un nouveau TEVAR a travers l'implantation precedente avec ancrage proximal tres proche de l'artere sous-claviere gauche et ancrage distal juste au-dessus du tronc coeliaque. En raison de la presence d'une fistule tracheo-esophagienne, une endoprothese oesophagienne a ete implantee peu apres, et une jejunostomie a ete faite. A 30 jours, le malade etait en bonne etat general, mais il est mort a 3 mois. Les fistules aorto-oesophagiennes sont rares et habituellement mortelles ; l'identification precoce et le traitement par TEVAR empechent l'exsanguination immediate des malades, mais apres deploiement de l'endoprothese, la plupart des malades sont a risque de complications infectieuses. L'arret du saignement et la restauration de la circulation sont l'urgence primordiale, mais les complications infectieuses et la reparation oesophagienne demeurent des problemes non resolus.

Aortoesophageal fistula is rare but fatal if untreated. Open thoracic surgery is associated with high operative mortality and morbidity. We report a case of a 77-year-old man who, treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for descending thoracic aneurysm in another center, after an acute episode of hematemesis and melena was referred to our center. The total body computed tomography scan showed the presence of reperfusion of the descending thoracic aneurysm sac (8.8 cm in diameter) in the proximal and distal TEVAR landing zone (endoleak type I) without clear signs of fistulous tract with the esophageal lumen. The patient underwent new TEVAR inside previous implantation with proximal landing very close to left subclavian artery and distal landing just above celiac trunk. For the presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula, an esophageal endoprosthesis was implanted few days later, and a jejunostomy was performed. At 30 days, patient was in good general condition, but he died at 3 months' follow-up. Aortoesophageal fistula is a rare and usually fatal condition; early recognition and TEVAR treatment prevent immediate exsanguination in patients, but after deployment of the endograft, most patients are at risk for infectious complications. Cessation of bleeding and restoration of circulation is of paramount urgency, but infectious diseases and esophageal repair remain open problems.

Un homme de 69 ans etait transfere dans notre service pour le debut soudain d'une douleur a type de compression de la jambe droite, sans ischemie aigue menacante. L'examen duplex, suivi d'une angiographie selective de jambe, montrait un anevrysme peronier. Un diagnostic d'anevrysme mycotique etait fait sur la base de l'etat clinique du patient, des hemocultures positives, et du site inhabituel de la lesion. La reparation endovasculaire etait faite en employant une embolisation par spires un stent couvert. Le patient est sorti en bon etat general sans douleur. Dans les donnees precedemment publiees, seulement quatre cas d'anevrysmes peroniers mycotiques ont ete rapportes. Dans ce cas, le traitement endovasculaire a ete sur et efficace.

Cinq patients ont ete traites pour des anevrysmes des arteres viscerales rompus pendant les 9 dernieres annees, dont deux anevrysmes spleniques et trois pancreatico-duodenaux. La taille moyenne de l'anevrysme etait de 2,6 cm (extremes : 1,5-5 cm). Tous les patients ont eu un traitement chirurgical ouvert. Il y a eu un deces operatoire. Apres un suivi moyen de 46,6 mois, il n'y avait aucun cas de mortalite ou de complication secondaire. Les auteurs concluent que le traitement chirurgical des anevrysmes des arteres viscerales rompus est durable.

The aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) aneurysm is rare; however, the risk of rupture and thromboembolism is high, with a postrupture mortality rate of 50%. In this report, we have described two cases of this anomaly. In the first case, a 62-year-old male patient presented with a symptomatic aneurysm of ARSA (maximum diameter of 4 cm) causing chest pain with dyspnea during moderate physical effort. Surgical treatment was performed with aneurysmal exclusion and direct anastomosis of the two heads of the subclavian artery. In the second case, a 72-year-old male patient presented with a symptomatic aneurysm (maximum diameter of 5.1 cm) of ARSA causing dysphagia and dysphonia. In this case, a one-stage hybrid treatment was performed: a bilateral carotid-subclavian bypass was associated with intentional occlusion of both subclavian arteries (by plug positioning) during thoracic endovascular stent-grafting procedures. In both cases, the peri/postoperative course was uneventful and the technical results in our series were excellent at long-term follow-up. Surgical treatment can be safely performed in patients with low operative risk or whenever endovascular technique is not suitable. The ARSA aneurysm, with appropriate anatomy, can be successfully treated by hybrid treatment (combined surgical and endovascular approach). We reckon that this minimally invasive technique helps avoid thoracotomy and could be the treatment of choice in high-risk patients.

Les anevrysmes de l'artere sous-claviere droite aberrante (ARSA) sont rares ; cependant, les risques de rupture et thromboembolique sont eleves, avec un taux de mortalite post-rupture de 50%. Dans ce travail, nous decrivons deux cas de cette anomalie. Dans le premier cas, un homme de 62 ans s'est presente avec un anevrysme symptomatique de l'ARSA (diametre maximum de 4 cm) causant une douleur thoracique avec dyspnee pendant un effort physique modere. Le traitement chirurgical a ete fait avec exclusion anevrismale et anastomose directe des deux extremites de l'artere sous-claviere. Dans le deuxieme cas, un homme de 72 ans s'est presente avec un anevrysme symptomatique (diametre maximum de 5,1 cm) de l'ARSA causant une dysphagie et une dysphonie. Dans ce cas, un traitement hybride en un temps a ete fait : un pontage carotido-sous-clavier bilateral a ete associe a l'occlusion intentionnelle des deux arteres sous-clavieres (par plug) pendant des procedures de stentgraft endovasculaire thoraciques. Dans les deux cas, les suites postoperatoires etaient simples et les resultats techniques de nos cas etaient excellents au suivi a long terme. Le traitement chirurgical peut etre effectue sans risque chez les patients avec un faible risque operatoire ou toutes les fois que la technique endovasculaire n'est pas adaptee. L'anevrysme de l'ARSA, avec une anatomie appropriee, peut etre traite avec succes par traitement hybride (approche chirurgicale et endovasculaire combinees). Nous soulignons que cette technique miniinvasive evite la thoracotomie et pourrait etre le traitement de choix chez les patients a haut risque.

Les anevrysmes vrais de l’artere tibiale sont rares et leur rupture est tres rare. Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme de 59 ans qui, apres un episode d’endocardite bacterienne, a presente un anevrysme tibial posterieur rompu. A notre connaissance, c’est le premier cas d’une veritable rupture d’un anevrysme geant de l’artere tibiale posterieure (diametre, 6 cm). Le traitement s’est compose de l’anevrysmectomie avec ligature arterielle. Un ulterieur de 24 mois a ete fait avec de bons resultats.