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Se presentan las diferentes opciones para la cobertura de la pared torácica, que es un tema diferente a la reconstrucción mamaria. Se describen los diferentes tipos de colgajos, se destaca la importancia de los colgajos musculares o muscu/ocutáneos por sus efectos beneficiosos al aumentar la irrigación local y el poder cubrir órganos nobles descubiertos como costillas, cartílagos y vísceras. También se pueden cubrir prótesis expuestas.

El éxito en los reimplantes digitales es logrado mediante una adecuada indicación operatoria, un equipo de cirujanos correctamente formados y un adecuado instrumental quirúrgico.­ Las técnicas de microcirugía empleadas, incluyen no sólo las suturas vasculares, sino también las suturas nerviosas y tendinosas, lográndose así resultados mucho más exitosos que los obtenidos con las técnicas clásicas. En el período de cuatro años se han reimplantado 61 dedos y 2 manos habiendo logrado un promedio de éxito del 86%. Se presentan los resultados funcionales alejados, evaluados con diversos procedimientos.

Las lesiones del plexo braquial de origen obstétrico, provocadas por la elongación traumática durante el parto, pueden, en aquellos casos indicados, ser pasibles de una reparación directa precoz, antes de los seis meses de edad, mediante el empleo de técnicas microquirúrgicas. La indicación terapéutica está dada por la evolución clínica y los exámenes paraclinicos. Se presenta la experiencia de los autores sobre 17 casos estudiados durante el año 1982.

Con la finalidad de mostrar a cirujanos generales las indicaciones y aplicaciones de la técnica de Microcirugía, se reune un panel multidisciplinario, integrado por cirujanos plásticos, neurocirujanos, traumatólogos y otorrinolaringólogos, quienes en sus respectivas especialidades practican la microcirugía. La aplicación del microscopio en diversas ramas quirúrgicas, ha permitido el desarrollo de un insospechaco número de posibilidades, con excelentes resultados.

El autor efectúa una breve reseña histórica de la microcirugía vascular. Describe su técnica y aplicaciones clínicas.

Se presenta la experiencia del Equipo de Microcirugía Vascular Reparadora, resumiendo algunos casos clínicos operados durante el a´ño 1978. Este trabajo fue realizado, en parte, en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hos,pital Pasteur.

El tema se dividió en 5 partes, a cargo de otros tantos expositores, tratando de agrupar en cada una de ellas, las lesiones más frecuente y su tratamiento actual. Incluye: reseña anatómica traumatismos de partes blandas lesiones de tendones extensores y del nervio radial lesiones tendinosas y nerviosas traumatismos osteo-articulares graves

Se presenta una técnica para la realización de microanastomosis término-terminales entre vasos con marcada diferencia de calibre, se comentan los resultados experimentales y clínicos, señalándose las ventajas del procedimiento

Background: Over 20 million people in the United States identified as Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander in 2022. Despite the diversity of immigration histories, lived experiences, and health needs within the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander community, prior studies in cervical cancer have considered this group in aggregate., Objective: We sought to analyze disparities in cervical cancer stage at presentation in the United States, focusing on disaggregated Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander groups., Study Design: Data from the United States National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2020 of 122,926 patients newly diagnosed with cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander patients were disaggregated by country of origin. Logistic regression, adjusted for clinical and sociodemographic factors, was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios. Higher adjusted odds ratios indicate an increased likelihood of metastatic versus nonmetastatic disease at diagnosis., Results: Out of 122,926 patients with cervical cancer, 5142 (4.2%) identified as Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander. Compared to non-Hispanic White patients, pooled Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander patients presented at lower stages of cancer (non-Hispanic White: 58.7% diagnosed local/regional, Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander : 85.6% at local/regional, χ2 P<.001). The largest Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander subgroups included Filipino Americans (n=1051, 20.4% of Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander), Chinese Americans (n=995, 19.4%), Asian Indian/Pakistani Americans (n=711, 13.8%), Vietnamese Americans (n=627, 12.2%), and Korean Americans (n=550, 10.7%) respectively. Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander disaggregation revealed that Pacific Islander American patients had higher odds of presenting with metastatic disease (adjusted odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.21-2.06, P=.001) relative to non-Hispanic White patients. Conversely, Chinese American (adjusted odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.37-0.59, P<.001), Vietnamese American (adjusted odds ratio 0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.70, P<.001), Hmong American (adjusted odds ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.97, P=.040), and Indian/Pakistani American (adjusted odds ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.94, P=.013) patients were less likely to present with metastatic disease. Compared to the largest Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander group (Chinese American), 9 other subgroups were more likely to present with metastatic disease. The largest differences were observed in Pacific Islander American (adjusted odds ratio 3.44, 95% confidence interval 2.41-4.91, P<.001), Thai American (adjusted odds ratio 2.79, 95% confidence interval 1.41-5.53, P=.003), Kampuchean American (adjusted odds ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval 1.29-4.42, P=.006), Native Hawaiian American (adjusted odds ratio 2.23, 95% confidence interval 1.37-3.63, P=.001), and Laotian American (adjusted odds ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval 1.13-3.61, P=.017). In contrast, Vietnamese American (adjusted odds ratio 1.20, 95% confidence interval 0.85-1.71, P=.303), and Hmong American (adjusted odds ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval 0.50-2.37, P=.828) patients did not show a statistically significant difference in presenting with metastatic disease compared to Chinese American patients., Conclusion: Aggregated evaluation of the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander monolith masks disparities in outcomes for distinct populations at risk for equity gaps. This disaggregation study shows that marginalized groups within the larger Asian American, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander population-including Pacific Islander American and Thai American patients-may face different exposures and larger structural barriers to cancer screening and early-stage diagnosis. A future focus on community-based disaggregated research and tailored interventions is necessary to close these gaps., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are central components of today's medical environment. The fairness of AI, i.e. the ability of AI to be free from bias, has repeatedly come into question. This study investigates the diversity of members of academia whose scholarship poses questions about the fairness of AI. The articles that combine the topics of fairness, artificial intelligence, and medicine were selected from Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Embase using keywords. Eligibility and data extraction from the articles were done manually and cross-checked by another author for accuracy. Articles were selected for further analysis, cleaned, and organized in Microsoft Excel; spatial diagrams were generated using Public Tableau. Additional graphs were generated using Matplotlib and Seaborn. Linear and logistic regressions were conducted using Python to measure the relationship between funding status, number of citations, and the gender demographics of the authorship team. We identified 375 eligible publications, including research and review articles concerning AI and fairness in healthcare. Analysis of the bibliographic data revealed that there is an overrepresentation of authors that are white, male, and are from high-income countries, especially in the roles of first and last author. Additionally, analysis showed that papers whose authors are based in higher-income countries were more likely to be cited more often and published in higher impact journals. These findings highlight the lack of diversity among the authors in the AI fairness community whose work gains the largest readership, potentially compromising the very impartiality that the AI fairness community is working towards., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Alberto et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Competing Interests: I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: ABM serves as the executive director of the Asia eHealth Information Network and senior vice-president of St Luke’s Medical Center.

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are cryptographic assets recorded on the blockchain that can certify authenticity and ownership, and they can be used to monetize health data, optimize the process of receiving a hematopoietic stem cell transplant, and improve the distribution of solid organs for transplantation. Blockchain technology, including NFTs, provides equitable access to wealth, increases transparency, eliminates personal or institutional biases of intermediaries, reduces inefficiencies, and ensures accountability. Blockchain architecture is ideal for ensuring security and privacy while granting individuals jurisdiction over their own information, making it a unique solution to the current limitations of existing health information systems. NFTs can be used to give patients the option to monetize their health data and provide valuable data to researchers. Wearable technology companies can also give their customers the option to monetize their data while providing data necessary to improve their products. Additionally, the process of receiving a hematopoietic stem cell transplant and the distribution of solid organs for transplantation could benefit from the integration of NFTs into the allocation process. However, there are limitations to the technology, including high energy consumption and the need for regulatory guidance. Further research is necessary to fully understand the potential of NFTs in healthcare and how it can be integrated with existing health information technology. Overall, NFTs have the potential to revolutionize the healthcare sector, providing benefits such as improved access to health information and increased efficiency in the distribution of organs for transplantation., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Yaghy et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

As the health-care industry emerges into a new era of digital health driven by cloud data storage, distributed computing, and machine learning, health-care data have become a premium commodity with value for private and public entities. Current frameworks of health data collection and distribution, whether from industry, academia, or government institutions, are imperfect and do not allow researchers to leverage the full potential of downstream analytical efforts. In this Health Policy paper, we review the current landscape of commercial health data vendors, with special emphasis on the sources of their data, challenges associated with data reproducibility and generalisability, and ethical considerations for data vending. We argue for sustainable approaches to curating open-source health data to enable global populations to be included in the biomedical research community. However, to fully implement these approaches, key stakeholders should come together to make health-care datasets increasingly accessible, inclusive, and representative, while balancing the privacy and rights of individuals whose data are being collected., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Diagnostics, including laboratory tests, medical and nuclear imaging, and molecular testing, are essential in the diagnosis and management of cancer to optimize clinical outcomes. With the continuous rise in cancer mortality and morbidity in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), there exists a critical need to evaluate the accessibility of cancer diagnostics in the region so as to direct multifaceted interventions that will address regional inequities and inadequacies in cancer care. This paper identifies existing gaps in service delivery, health workforce, health information systems, leadership and governance, and financing and how these contribute to disparities in access to cancer diagnostics in ASEAN member countries. Intersectoral health policies that will strengthen coordinated laboratory services, upscale infrastructure development, encourage health workforce production, and enable proper appropriation of funding are necessary to effectively reduce the regional cancer burden., Competing Interests: BAM received research grants from the 10.13039/100000892Prostate Cancer Foundation, the 10.13039/100001960American Society for Radiation Oncology, the United States 10.13039/100000005Department of Defense, and the 10.13039/100018896Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center. ECD is funded in part through the Cancer Center Support Grant from the National Cancer Institute (P30 CA008748). All other authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Competing Interests: JPAC currently serves as the vice president of the Philippine Radiation Oncology Society. All other authors declare no competing interests.