Author: "Albert-Ludwigs University" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Albert-Ludwigs University"' showing total 4,084 results

Start Over Author "Albert-Ludwigs University"

4,084 results on '"Albert-Ludwigs University"'

1. Estate in miniature: Maxim Gorky in Freiburg-Günterstal

Author: Elisabeth Cheauré and Albert-Ludwigs-University
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, Maxim, Art history, Estate, Art, media_common
Abstract: Gorky’s discursive construction as a “proletarian writer” and “father of Socialist Realism” not seldom collides with his real biography, which for many years led him into a specific form of emigration. One of the stations led him to the German university town of Freiburg, more precisely to the small village of Günterstal near Freiburg, where Gorky lived from June to November 1923 and where — according to the thesis of the contribution — he cultivated a way of life that can be compared with the tradition of estate life: (1) strong hierarchical characteristics; (2) a typical form of sociability, determined by long-term stays of guests; (3) special forms of communication, which manifest themselves in a distinct culture of letters; (4) special experiences in the countryside areas, which are understood as — mostly desired and idyllic — counterpart (heterotopia) to urban life and as such are also reflected. At the same time, however, there is a fundamental difference between this estate and the surrounding “rural life” of the peasantry and the villages; the estate in turn forms a heterotopia with these.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Foreign Reports about Stepan Razin’s Execution. New Documents from the Stockholm Archive

Author: Riksbankens jubileumsfond, The Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences. Project No. RFP12-0055:1, Юбилейный фонд Шведского государственного банка (Riksbankens jubileumsfond), проект № RFP12-0055:1, А. В. Лаврентьев, Д. Уо, В. Б. Крысько, Kazakov, Gleb M.; Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Maier, Ingrid; Uppsala University, Uppsala, Riksbankens jubileumsfond, The Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences. Project No. RFP12-0055:1, Юбилейный фонд Шведского государственного банка (Riksbankens jubileumsfond), проект № RFP12-0055:1, А. В. Лаврентьев, Д. Уо, В. Б. Крысько, Kazakov, Gleb M.; Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., and Maier, Ingrid; Uppsala University, Uppsala
Abstract: This paper analyzes reports written by foreign authors about the execution of Stepan Razin. The main focus is on two dispatches written by the Swedish citizen and merchant in Moscow, Christoff Koch, in May–June 1671 and sent to Narva, and from there, they were forwarded to the Swedish capital, among other places. They are now kept at the State Archives in Stockholm, and they have not been discussed previously in the scholarly literature. The paper contains the full translation into Russian of two long reports written by Koch about Razin’s capture, delivery to Moscow, interrogation, and execution, with our comments. Special attention is given to a unique colored drawing, showing the brothers, Stepan and Frol Razin, as well as the body parts of the executed Stepan. From the written documents it becomes clear that the drawing was sent from Moscow to the governor of Swedish Ingria in Narva, and then forwarded to Stockholm, together with the two Koch dispatches. The authors come to the conclusion that several copies must have been made and that they were intentionally distributed among foreigners in Moscow. Most probably only one copy has survived to our days, the one in Stockholm. Arguments are given for the hypothesis that one copy of the drawing ended up in England and served as the prototype for the well-known imprint of 1672, which shows the Razin brothers when they were being delivered to Moscow. In our study we also compare the information given by Koch with descriptions of Razin’s death that were published in West-European newspapers, pamphlets, and books during the 1670s. This comparison brings us to the conclusion that the information about the execution of the leader of the rebellion reached the European press from several witnesses to the events, and that, over time, the original information was filled out with invented details., В статье анализируются сообщения западноевропейских источников о казни Степана Разина. При этом в центре внимания находятся обнаруженные в стокгольмском Государственном архиве и до настоящего времени не введенные в научный оборот донесения шведского купца в Москве Кристофа Коха, отправленные им в мае–июне 1671 г. в Нарву, откуда они пересылались, в частности, в шведскую столицу. В статье приводится полный русский пере вод двух длинных писем Коха, посвященных поимке, допросу и казни Разина, с нашими комментариями. Особое внимание уделено уникальному раскрашенному рисунку, изображающему плененных Степана и Фрола Разиных и части тела казненного Степана. Из документов следует, что рисунок был отправлен из Москвы ингерманландскому губернатору в Нарве, а оттуда дальше в Стокгольм, вместе с двумя донесениями Коха. Авторы приходят к выводу, что подобных рисунков в Москве было сделано несколько, и что они специально распространялись среди иностранцев. По всей вероятности, только один экземпляр сохранился до наших дней, а именно в Стокгольме. Приводятся аргументы в пользу предположения, что один из рисунков оказался в Англии и там послужил прототипом для известной гра вюры 1672 г., изображающей братьев Разиных в момент доставки в Москву. В рамках исследования также проведено подробное сопоставление информации, сообщаемой в донесениях Коха, с рассказами о смерти Разина, опубликованными в западноевропейских газетах, брошюрах и книгах 1670-х гг. Такое сопоставление позволяет заключить, что сведения о казни главы восстания попадали в европейскую печать от нескольких информантов — свидетелей событий, причем эти рассказы со временем начинали обрастать вымышленными деталями.
Published: 2017

3. Big Data Palaeoecology reveals significant variation in Black Death mortality in Europe [Preprint]

Author: Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, L., Palli, J., Vignola, C., Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist, F. C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R., Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., 1, Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz, M., Lindbladh, M., López-Sáez, J. A., Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A. M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A. M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M. L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorny, P., Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori, L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., Masi, A., Universidad de Cantabria, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bialystok, Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Universität Leipzig, ArchaeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study [Uppsala], Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA, Department of biology, georgetown University, Washington DC, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, Institute of Botany [Innsbruck], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Wessex Archaeology [Salisbury], Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland, Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, University of Latvia (LU), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Department of Geography, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, USA, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń], MSU Faculty of Geography [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratory of Forest Botany-Geobotany, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, University of Cologne, Faculty of Biology [Gdansk, Poland], University of Gdańsk (UG), Department of Geography, Urban and Regional Planning, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Centre for Theoretical Studies, Charles University, Czechia (CTS), Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius, Lithuania, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrence, CA, USA, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, European Project: 263735,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091209,TEC(2010), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745, Jena, Germany, Faculty of History and International Relations, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland, Department of Earth Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Leipzig, Germany, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], GFZ-German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam, Germany, Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany, Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, Salisbury, UK, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Institute of Archeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republi, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Department of Quaternary Research, Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeobotany, Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland., Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, Lund University [Lund], Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia., Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia, University of Tartu, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], IFP Energies Nouvelles, Earth Sciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Rueil-Malmaison, Rueil-Malmaison, Past Landscape Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., 3 Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland., Institute of History, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland, Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (Dafne), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy., Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Botany, University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland., Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISEM, UMR 5554, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Anthropocene Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, CNRS, HNHP UMR 7194, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Paris, France, Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland., Centre for Climate Change Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland, Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Centre for Theoretical Study, Charles University and Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic., Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Department of Pre- and Early History and West Asian Archaeology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Max Planck Society, Estonian Research Council, European Research Council, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], López Sáez, José Antonio, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: Land-use changes, Ecology, black death pandemic, Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090 [VDP], palaeoecological data, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, paleoecology, palynology, big data, paleoecology, Europe, big data, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, palynology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: The authors acknowledge the following funding sources: Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group (A.I., A.M. and C.V.); Estonian Research Council #PRG323, PUT1173 (A.Pos., T.R., N.S. and S.V.); European Research Council #FP7 263735 (A.Bro. and A.Plu.), #MSC 655659 (A.E.); Georgetown Environmental Initiative (T.N.); Latvian Council of Science #LZP-2020/2-0060 (N.S. and N.J.); LLNL-JRNL-820941 (I.T.); NSF award #GSS-1228126 (S.M.); Polish-Swiss Research Programme #013/2010 CLIMPEAT (M.Lam.), #086/2010 CLIMPOL (A.W.); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education #N N306 275635 (M.K.); Polish National Science Centre #2019/03/X/ST10/00849 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/01656 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/03430 (M.So.), #2018/31/B/ST10/02498 (M.So.), #N N304 319636 (A.W.); SCIEX #12.286 (K.Mar.); Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness #REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (J.A.L.S.); Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports #FPU16/00676 (R.L.L.); Swedish Research Council #421-2010-1570 (P.L.), #2018-01272 (F.C.L. and A.S.); Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly (M.B.), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation #RTI2018-101714-B-I00 (F.A.S. and D.A.S.), OP RDE, MEYS project #CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728 (P.P.)., The Black Death (1347–1352 ce) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe’s population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic’s causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, ‘big data palaeoecology’, which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death’s mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death’s mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on historical pandemics., Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group, Estonian Research Council PRG323 PUT1173, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission FP7 263735 MSC 655659, Georgetown Environmental Initiative, Latvian Ministry of Education and Science LZP-2020/2-0060 LLNL-JRNL-820941, National Science Foundation (NSF) GSS-1228126, Polish-Swiss Research Programme 013/2010 086/2010, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland N306 275635, Polish National Science Centre 2019/03/X/ST10/00849 2015/17/B/ST10/01656 2015/17/B/ST10/03430 2018/31/B/ST10/02498 N N304 319636, SCIEX 12.286, Spanish Government REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P FPU16/00676, Swedish Research Council, European Commission 421-2010-1570 2018-01272, Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly, Spanish Government RTI2018-101714-B-I00, OP RDE, MEYS project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Determination of absorption cross-section of Si nanocrystals by two independent methods based on either absorption or luminescence

Author: Zacharias, M. [Faculty of Engineering, IMTEK, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Contact- and distance-based principal component analysis of protein dynamics

Author: Stock, Gerhard [Biomolecular Dynamics, Institute of Physics, Albert Ludwigs University, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Seeding for sirtuins: microseed matrix seeding to obtain crystals of human Sirt3 and Sirt2 suitable for soaking

Author: Jung, Manfred [Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstrasse 25, 79104 Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg (Germany)]
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Effects of angular confinement and concentration to realistic solar cells

Author: Schwarz, U. [Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Institute of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Effects of inter-nanocrystal distance on luminescence quantum yield in ensembles of Si nanocrystals

Author: Zacharias, M. [Faculty of Engineering, IMTEK, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. The electroluminescence mechanism of Er³⁺ in different silicon oxide and silicon nitride environments

Author: Hiller, D. [IMTEK, Faculty of Engineering, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. What Is the Required Certainty of Evidence for the Implementation of Novel Techniques for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Obstruction?

Author: Muhammad Imran Omar, Stavros Gravas, Christian Gratzke, Mauro Gacci, Thomas R. W. Herrmann, Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Kari A.O. Tikkinen, Charalampos Mamoulakis, M. Speakman, Malte Rieken, Taunton & Somerset Hospital, Taunton, UK, Service d'urologie [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, and Kidney Transplantation, University of Florence AOUC-Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy., Department of Urology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany., Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece., Urology Clinic, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland, Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany., Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK., University Hospital Basel [Basel], University of Helsinki, and Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, media_common.quotation_subject, Prostatic Hyperplasia, 030232 urology & nephrology, Context (language use), [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Promotion (rank), Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Lower urinary tract symptoms, Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Medicine, Meaning (existential), Intensive care medicine, Set (psychology), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Evidence-Based Medicine, business.industry, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Test (assessment), Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Inclusion and exclusion criteria, business, Cohort study
Abstract: Context A large number of minimally invasive techniques have been developed for the surgical management of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) presumed to be secondary to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) over the last 3 decades. Many have not stood the test of time often because they were overpromoted before there were sufficient data. Objective The scope of this paper is to consider whether new devices, for the treatment of male LUTS/BPO, have been implemented prematurely in the past. We also examine the relative certainty of evidence (CoE) that is currently available for newer developing technologies and make recommendations about the CoE that should be demanded in the future before widespread implementation. Key messages This evidence must provide adequate length of follow-up to allow proper information to be provided for patients before treatment choices are made and to be able to create recommendations in high-quality guidelines such as those of the European Association of Urology. It is not just within the domain of LUTS treatments that this is important, other urological devices, such as mesh devices, have been equally “guilty” and likewise devices in most other (surgical) specialities. We believe that there is a need for a set of requirements built around primary randomised controlled trials (RCTs) looking at both efficacy and safety, and secondary studies to confirm the reproducibility and generalisability of the first pivotal studies. Otherwise, there is a danger that a single pivotal study can be overexploited by device manufacturers. Studies that are needed include (1) proof of concept, (2) RCTs on efficacy and safety, as well as (3) cohort studies with a broad range of inclusion and exclusion criteria to confirm both reproducibility and generalisability of the benefits and harms. It is not the purpose of this paper to make judgements about individual treatments but simply to look at different treatments to provide verification for this debate. Patient summary Many new treatment devices have been developed over the last 20–30 yr, often with inadequate medium- to long-term results. Many have not stood the test of time, but were heavily promoted by manufacturers, the press, and some doctors when they were first released, meaning that many patients had unsatisfactory results. This paper proposes minimum standards for the investigation of new treatments before their widespread promotion to patients.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Long-Term Results of Brachytherapy With Temporary Iodine-125 Seeds in Children With Low-Grade Gliomas

Author: Nikkhah, Guido [Department of Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Neurocentre, University Hospital, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg im Breisgau (Germany)]
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Dissipative light scattering by a trapped atom approaching electromagnetically-induced-transparency conditions

Author: Helm, Hanspeter [Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwigs University, Hermann-Herder Strasse 3, D-79104 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Successful application of ancient DNA extraction and library construction protocols to museum wet collection specimens

Author: Axel Barlow, Mark-Oliver Rödel, Michael V. Westbury, Michaela Preick, Johanna L. A. Paijmans, Célio F. B. Haddad, Nikolas Basler, Mariana L. Lyra, Nicolas Straube, Johannes Penner, Michael Hofreiter, University Museum of Bergen, SNSB Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Braunschweig University of Technology, University of Potsdam, Museum für Naturkunde– Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, University of Copenhagen, Cambridge University, Rega Institute for Medical Research, and Nottingham Trent University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Mitochondrial DNA, Extinct species, biological collection, Biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Specimen Handling, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Target capture, Genetics, DNA, Ancient, ancient DNA, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, archival DNA, single-stranded DNA library, Museums, target capture, Genetic data, Sequence Analysis, DNA, formalin, 030104 developmental biology, Ancient DNA, chemistry, Evolutionary biology, Archival dna, DNA, Biotechnology
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:29:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-10-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Millions of scientific specimens are housed in museum collections, a large part of which are fluid preserved. The use of formaldehyde as fixative and subsequent storage in ethanol is especially common in ichthyology and herpetology. This type of preservation damages DNA and reduces the chance of successful retrieval of genetic data. We applied ancient DNA extraction and single stranded library construction protocols to a variety of vertebrate samples obtained from wet collections and of different ages. Our results show that almost all samples tested yielded endogenous DNA. Archival DNA extraction was successful across different tissue types as well as using small amounts of tissue. Conversion of archival DNA fragments into single-stranded libraries resulted in usable data even for samples with initially undetectable DNA amounts. Subsequent target capture approaches for mitochondrial DNA using homemade baits on a subset of 30 samples resulted in almost complete mitochondrial genome sequences in several instances. Thus, application of ancient DNA methodology makes wet collection specimens, including type material as well as rare, old or extinct species, accessible for genetic and genomic analyses. Our results, accompanied by detailed step-by-step protocols, are a large step forward to open the DNA archive of museum wet collections for scientific studies. University Museum of Bergen SNSB Bavarian State Collection of Zoology Departamento de Biodiversidade Instituto de Biociências and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP) Laboratório de Herpetologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Zoological Institute Braunschweig University of Technology Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics Institute for Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam Museum für Naturkunde– Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg Section for Evolutionary Genomics The GLOBE Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Zoology Cambridge University Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation Division of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology Rega Institute for Medical Research School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Departamento de Biodiversidade Instituto de Biociências and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP) Laboratório de Herpetologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP FAPESP: #2013/50741-7 FAPESP: #2017/2616-8 FAPESP: #2018/15425-0 CNPq: 306623/2018-8 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: 351649567 CNPq: 431589/2016-0
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Computational Applications in Secondary Metabolite Discovery (CAiSMD) : an online workshop

Author: Augustine B. Arreyetta-Bawak, Donatus B. Eni, Miquel Duran-Frigola, Mustafa Alhaji Isa, Tilmann Weber, Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani, Simeon Akame, Maria Sorokina, Thommas M. Musyoka, Raphael Onuku, Neann Mathai, Marnix H. Medema, Marilia Valli, Özlem Tastan Bishop, Smith B. Babiaka, Victor Chukwudi Osamor, Samuel Egieyeh, Vaishali M. Patil, Jutta Ludwig-Müller, Ana L. Chávez-Hernández, Yannick Djoumbou-Feunang, José L. Medina-Franco, Ludger A. Wessjohann, Conrad Stork, Serge A.T. Fobofou, Romuald Tematio Fouedjou, Oyere Tanyi Ebob, Paul F. Zierep, Johannes Kirchmair, Kiran K. Telukunta, Jonathan Alunge Metuge, Justin J. J. van der Hooft, Daniel M. Shadrack, Fidele Ntie-Kang, Boris D. Bekono, University of Buea, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Technische Universität Dresden, Tarunavadaanenasaha Muktbharatonnayana Samstha Foundation, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Covenant University, University of the Western Cape, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Corteva Agriscience, Friedrich Schiller University, Universität Hamburg, University of Bergen, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ersilia Open Source Initiative, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, University of Dschang, Catholic University of Central Africa, University of Yaoundé I, University of Maiduguri, University of Nigeria Nsukka, St. John’s University of Tanzania, Rhodes University, KIET Group of Institutions, Wageningen University, University of Vienna, Technical University of Denmark, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), and German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)
Subjects: Medical education, Internet resources, Bioinformatics, Web tools, Chemoinformatics, Information technology, Library and Information Sciences, Meeting Report, T58.5-58.64, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Computer Science Applications, Online workshop, Chemistry, Predictions, Round table, Bioinformatica, Metabolites, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Psychology, QD1-999
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:32:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst We report the major conclusions of the online open-access workshop “Computational Applications in Secondary Metabolite Discovery (CAiSMD)” that took place from 08 to 10 March 2021. Invited speakers from academia and industry and about 200 registered participants from five continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, South America, and North America) took part in the workshop. The workshop highlighted the potential applications of computational methodologies in the search for secondary metabolites (SMs) or natural products (NPs) as potential drugs and drug leads. During 3 days, the participants of this online workshop received an overview of modern computer-based approaches for exploring NP discovery in the “omics” age. The invited experts gave keynote lectures, trained participants in hands-on sessions, and held round table discussions. This was followed by oral presentations with much interaction between the speakers and the audience. Selected applicants (early-career scientists) were offered the opportunity to give oral presentations (15 min) and present posters in the form of flash presentations (5 min) upon submission of an abstract. The final program available on the workshop website (https://caismd.indiayouth.info/) comprised of 4 keynote lectures (KLs), 12 oral presentations (OPs), 2 round table discussions (RTDs), and 5 hands-on sessions (HSs). This meeting report also references internet resources for computational biology in the area of secondary metabolites that are of use outside of the workshop areas and will constitute a long-term valuable source for the community. The workshop concluded with an online survey form to be completed by speakers and participants for the goal of improving any subsequent editions. Department of Chemistry University of Buea, P. O. Box 63 Institute of Pharmacy Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3 Institute of Botany Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b Tarunavadaanenasaha Muktbharatonnayana Samstha Foundation Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstrasse 1 Department of Computer and Information Sciences Colege of Science and Technology Covenant University, Km. 10 Idiroko Rd School of Pharmacy University of the Western Cape South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit South African National Bioinformatics Institute University of the Western Cape Nuclei of Bioassays Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE) Department of Organic Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Sao Paulo State University–UNESP Corteva Agriscience Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Center for Bioinformatics Universität Hamburg Department of Chemistry and Computational Biology Unit (CBU) University of Bergen Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics Albert-Ludwigs-University DIFACQUIM Research Group Department of Pharmacy School of Chemistry Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ersilia Open Source Initiative Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Dschang Department of Immunology School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa, BP 7871 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Buea, P. O. Box 63 Department of Physics Ecole Normale Supérieure University of Yaoundé I, BP. 47 Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab Department of Microbiology Faculty of Sciences University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069 Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Nigeria Nsukka Department of Chemistry St. John’s University of Tanzania, P. O. Box 47 Research Unit in Bioinformatics (RUBi) Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Rhodes University Computer Aided Drug Design Lab KIET Group of Institutions Bioinformatics Group Wageningen University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Vienna The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of Denmark Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Puschstraße 4 Nuclei of Bioassays Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE) Department of Organic Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Sao Paulo State University–UNESP
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. The Future of Complementarity: Disentangling Causes from Consequences

Author: Forest Isbell, Bernhard Schmid, Alexandra J. Wright, Alexandru Milcu, Christian Wirth, Alexandra Weigelt, Jasper van Ruijven, Gerlinde B. De Deyn, Christiane Roscher, Yongfei Bai, Kathryn E. Barry, Liesje Mommer, Hans de Kroon, John Connolly, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany [Beijing] (IB-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Écotron Européen de Montpellier - UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, Albert Ludwigs University, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Zurich University, Special Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Écotron Européen de Montpellier, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], University of Zurich, and Barry, Kathryn E
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biotic feedbacks, Evolution, Biodiversity, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Complementarity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Feedback, Behavior and Systematics, Stress amelioration, Economics, Ecosystem, Biomass, Abiotic facilitation, 910 Geography & travel, Resource tracers, Resource partitioning, Bodembiologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Abiotic component, Plant–soil feedback, Ecology, Plant Ecology, Soil Biology, Complementarity effect, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Complementarity (physics), 10122 Institute of Geography, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecosystem functioning, Plant-soil feedback, Facilitation, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Monoculture, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Evidence suggests that biodiversity supports ecosystem functioning. Yet, the mechanisms driving this relationship remain unclear. Complementarity is one common explanation for these positive biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. Yet, complementarity is often indirectly quantified as overperformance in mixture relative to monoculture (e.g., 'complementarity effect'). This overperformance is then attributed to the intuitive idea of complementarity or, more specifically, to species resource partitioning. Locally, however, several unassociated causes may drive this overperformance. Here, we differentiate complementarity into three types of species differences that may cause enhanced ecosystem functioning in more diverse ecosystems: (i) resource partitioning, (ii) abiotic facilitation, and (iii) biotic feedbacks. We argue that disentangling these three causes is crucial for predicting the response of ecosystems to future biodiversity loss.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Inherent paramagnetic defects in layered Si/SiO{sub 2} superstructures with Si nanocrystals

Author: Zacharias, M [IMTEK, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges Koehler Alley 103, 79110 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Canonical Wnt signaling transiently stimulates proliferation and enhances neurogenesis in neonatal neural progenitor cultures

Author: Hecht, Andreas [Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 17, D-79104 Freiburg (Germany)]
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Information‐Based Machine Learning for Tracer Signature Prediction in Karstic Environments

Author: Andreas Hartmann, B. Mewes, H. Oppel, Vera Marx, Oppel, H., 1 Institute of Hydrology, Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany, Marx, V., 2 Chair of Hydrological Modeling and Water Resources Albert‐Ludwigs‐University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany, and Hartmann, A.
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 551.48, Computer science, karst, Karst, information content, TRACER, hydrograph separation, Machine learning, Entropy (information theory), Statistical physics, entropy, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Karstic groundwater systems are often investigated by a combination of environmental or artificial tracers. One of the major downsides of tracer‐based methods is the limited availability of tracer measurements, especially in data sparse regions. This study presents an approach to systematically evaluate the information content of the available data, to interpret predictions of tracer concentration from machine learning algorithms, and to compare different machine learning algorithms to obtain an objective assessment of their applicability for predicting environmental tracers. There is a large variety of machine learning approaches, but no clear rules exist on which of them to use for this specific problem. In this study, we formulated a framework to choose the appropriate algorithm for this purpose. We compared four different well‐established machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machines, Extreme Learning Machines, Decision Trees, and Artificial Neural Networks) in seven different karst springs in France for their capability to predict tracer concentrations, in this case SO42− and NO3−, from discharge. Our study reveals that the machine learning algorithms are able to predict some characteristics of the tracer concentration, but not the whole variance, which is caused by the limited information content in the discharge data. Nevertheless, discharge is often the only information available for a catchment, so the ability to predict at least some characteristics of the tracer concentrations from discharge time series to fill, for example, gaps or increase the database for consecutive analyses is a helpful application of machine learning in data sparse regions or for historic databases., Key Points: Application of entropy and mutual information reveals the information content gap between discharge derived from joint tracer and discharge analyses. Understanding the information content of hydrological data enhances the interpretation of machine learning prediction results. Similarities in information could be used for regionalization of catchment characteristics of karst‐affected catchments., German Research Foundation (DFG
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Araise awareness to extreme flood events in a context of lack of risk culture. The development of ORRION and CREDO-CRUE tools in the Rhine Graben (France – Germany – Switzerland)

Author: Martin, Brice, Furst, Benjamin, Glaser, Rüdiger, Giacona, Florie, Himmelsbach, Iso, Schönbein, Johannes, Meyer, Teva, Annette, Bösmeier, Centre de Recherches sur les Économies, les Sociétés, les Arts et les Techniques (CRESAT), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut für Physische Geographie (IPG), Albert-Ludwigs University, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
Subjects: [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

20. Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years

Author: Konrad A Hughen, Joel B Pedro, Carsten Rühlemann, Paul Cornils Knutz, Natalia Vázquez Riveiros, Trond Dokken, Mary Elliot, James A Collins, Ana Luiza Spadano Albuquerque, Silvia Osorio Nave, William E. N. Austin, Simon Jung, Julia Gottschalk, Joachim Schönfeld, Lukas Wacker, Wiem Fersi, Helge W Arz, Paolo Scussolini, Peter M Abbott, Frank Peeters, Laurence Vidal, Janne Repschläger, Syee Weldeab, Luke C Skinner, Emilia Salgueiro, Bernard Dennielou, Jorijntje Henderiks, Gesine Mollenhauer, Filipa Naughton, Aurélie Penaud, Claire Waelbroeck, Charlotte Skonieczny, Jean-Pascal Dumoulin, Jacques Giraudeau, David Van Rooij, Victoria L Peck, François Thil, Irka Hajdas, David Thornalley, Bryan C Lougheed, Jenny Roberts, Mélanie Wary, Anders E. Carlson, Delia W Oppo, Alex Dickson, Gema Martínez-Méndez, Samuel Toucanne, Rodrigo Costa Portilho-Ramos, Thomas M Marchitto, Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goñi, Christa Farmer, David C Lund, Linda Rossignol, Antje H L Voelker, Martin Ziegler, Susana Martin Lebreiro, Bruno Malaizé, Lise Missiaen, Dirk Nürnberg, Rosemarie E Came, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Stéphanie Desprat, Frédérique Eynaud, Stratigraphy and paleontology, Stratigraphy & paleontology, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Particle Physics, Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 (LMC14 - UMS 2572), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ACROE - Ingénierie de la Création Artistique (ACROE-ICA), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Departamento de Geoquimica, Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), IFREMER, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Paleobiology Program, Uppsala University, Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (WHOI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Laboratorio Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Departamento de Geologia Marinha, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agricultural and Resource Economics Department, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Géodynamique et enregistrement Sédimentaire - Geosciences Marines (GM-LGS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mathematisches institut, Albert-Ludwigs University, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Institute, University of St Andrews. Coastal Resources Management Group, University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland, Skinner, Luke [0000-0002-5050-0244], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], NSF OCE grantsNational Science Foundation (NSF) [EW9209-1JPC, V29-202], FCTFundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [UID/Multi/04326/2019], European Project: 339108,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,ACCLIMATE(2014), Waelbroeck, Claire, Earth and Climate, Water and Climate Risk, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Laboratoire Géodynamique et enregistrement Sédimentaire (LGS), Géosciences Marines (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Bjreknes Centre for Climate Research, Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Chercheur indépendant, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Hofstra University [Hempstead], Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratoire Environnements Sédimentaires - Géosciences Marines (GM/LES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of New Hampshire (UNH), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Vazquez Riveiros, Natalia [0000-0001-7513-153X], Hajdas, Irka [0000-0003-2373-2725], Arz, Helge [0000-0002-1997-1718], Gottschalk, Julia [0000-0002-0403-3059], Henderiks, Jorijntje [0000-0001-9486-6275], Hughen, Konrad [0000-0003-3201-934X], Mollenhauer, Gesine [0000-0001-5138-564X], Oppo, Delia [0000-0003-2946-5904], Thornalley, David [0000-0001-5885-5499], Voelker, Antje H. L. [0000-0001-6465-6023], Wary, Mélanie [0000-0001-5211-2168], and Weldeab, Syee [0000-0002-4829-5237]
Subjects: Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 3705 Geology, Palaeoclimate, MILLENNIAL-SCALE CHANGES, 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, marine isotopic stage-3, Palaeoceanography, Ice core, sea-surface temperature, SDG 13 - Climate Action, DEEP-WATER, ICE-CORES, north-atlantic, Glacial period, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, GC, 0303 health sciences, PRODUCTIVITY, Statistics, GREENLAND, Computer Science Applications, Oceanography, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, GC Oceanography, 704/106/413, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, data-descriptor, Geology, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, Climate Research, WESTERN TROPICAL ATLANTIC, western tropical atlantic, Climate change, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Library and Information Sciences, millennial-scale changes, Education, glacial period, 03 medical and health sciences, C-14 RESERVOIR AGES, CHANGES, Paleoclimatology, G1, Deglaciation, STAGE-3, productivity changes, 14. Life underwater, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, c-14 reservoir ages, greenland ice-cores, deep-water, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 13 Climate Action, GLACIAL PERIOD, Ocean current, MARINE ISOTOPIC, 37 Earth Sciences, G Geography (General), DAS, 3709 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, 14 Life Below Water, NORTH-ATLANTIC, 704/106/2738, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Earth and Environmental Sciences, Greenhouse gas, Probability and Uncertainty, lcsh:Q
Abstract: Rapid changes in ocean circulation and climate have been observed in marine-sediment and ice cores over the last glacial period and deglaciation, highlighting the non-linear character of the climate system and underlining the possibility of rapid climate shifts in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. To date, these rapid changes in climate and ocean circulation are still not fully explained. One obstacle hindering progress in our understanding of the interactions between past ocean circulation and climate changes is the difficulty of accurately dating marine cores. Here, we present a set of 92 marine sediment cores from the Atlantic Ocean for which we have established age-depth models that are consistent with the Greenland GICC05 ice core chronology, and computed the associated dating uncertainties, using a new deposition modeling technique. This is the first set of consistently dated marine sediment cores enabling paleoclimate scientists to evaluate leads/lags between circulation and climate changes over vast regions of the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, this data set is of direct use in paleoclimate modeling studies., Design Type(s)modeling and simulation objective • data collection and processing objective • source-based data analysis objectiveMeasurement Type(s)age-depth modelTechnology Type(s)computational modeling techniqueFactor Type(s)geographic location • depthSample Characteristic(s)Atlantic Ocean • marine sediment Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format)
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Management of Urinary Retention in Patients with Benign Prostatic Obstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author: Yuhong Yuan, Marcus J. Drake, Stephan Madersbacher, Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Malte Rieken, Muhammad Imran Omar, Thomas R. W. Herrmann, Charalampos Mamoulakis, Iason Kyriazis, Markos Karavitakis, M. Speakman, Mauro Gacci, Stavros Gravas, Christian Gratzke, Kari A.O. Tikkinen, Center of Minimal Invasive Urology Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece, Department of Urology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece., Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK., Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece., Service d'urologie [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), University of Bristol [Bristol], Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, and Kidney Transplantation, University of Florence AOUC-Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy., Department of Urology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany., Urology Clinic, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland, Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany., Urology and Andrology, University Hospital Basel [Basel], Taunton & Somerset Hospital, Taunton, UK, University of Helsinki, Division of Gastroenterology & Cochrane UGPD Group, Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., and Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Subjects: Male, Tamsulosin, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Treatment outcome, Prostatic Hyperplasia, 030232 urology & nephrology, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Alfuzosin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Prostatectomy, Supplementary data, urinary retention, prostate, Urinary retention, business.industry, General surgery, Urinary Retention, 3. Good health, Meta-analysis, Centre for Surgical Research, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, randomized controlled trial, Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists, Quinazolines, treatment outcome, medicine.symptom, Prostatic obstruction, Benign prostatic obstruction, Urinary Catheterization, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: CONTEXT: Practice patterns for the management of urinary retention (UR) secondary to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO; UR/BPO) vary widely and remain unstandardized.OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence for managing patients with UR/BPO with pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments included in the European Association of Urology guidelines on non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms.EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Search was conducted up to April 22, 2018, using CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. This systematic review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective comparative studies. Methods as detailed in the Cochrane handbook were followed. Certainty of evidence (CoE) was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Literature search identified 2074 citations. Twenty-one studies were included (qualitative synthesis). The evidence for managing patients with UR/BPO with pharmacological or nonpharmacological treatments is limited. CoE for most outcomes was low/very low. Only α1-blockers (alfuzosin and tamsulosin) have been evaluated in more than one RCT. Pooled results indicated that α1-blockers provided significantly higher rates of successful trial without catheter compared with placebo [alfuzosin: 322/540 (60%) vs 156/400 (39%) (odds ratio {OR} 2.28, 95% confidence interval {CI} 1.55 to 3.36; participants=940; studies=7; I2=41%; low CoE); tamsulosin: 75/158 (47%) vs 40/139 (29%) (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.29 to 4.45; participants=297; studies=3; I2=30%; low CoE)] with rare adverse events. Similar rates were achieved with tamsulosin or alfuzosin [51/87 (59%) vs 45/84 (54%) (OR 1.28, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.41; participants=171; studies=2; I2=0%; very low CoE)]. Nonpharmacological treatments have been evaluated in RCTs/prospective comparative studies only sporadically.CONCLUSIONS: There is some evidence that usage of α1-blockers (alfuzosin and tamsulosin) may improve resolution of UR/BPO. As most nonpharmacological treatments have not been evaluated in patients with UR/BPO, the evidence is inconclusive about their benefits and harms.PATIENT SUMMARY: There is some evidence that alfuzosin and tamsulosin may increase the rates of successful trial without catheter, but little or no evidence on various nonpharmacological treatment options for managing patients with urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic obstruction.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. A multitrophic perspective on biodiversity–ecosystem functioning research

Author: Charles A. Nock, Helge Bruelheide, Forest Isbell, Nina Buchmann, Teja Tscharntke, Sebastian T. Meyer, Darren P. Giling, Fons van der Plas, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Eva Koller-France, Christian Wirth, Jes Hines, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Anja Vogel, Andreas Schuldt, Jana S. Petermann, Anne Ebeling, Holger Schielzeth, Christoph Scherber, Manfred Türke, Aletta Bonn, Helmut Hillebrand, Ulrich Brose, Stephan Hättenschwiler, Olga Ferlian, David A. Wardle, François Buscot, Nicole M. van Dam, Andrew D. Barnes, Hans de Kroon, Kathryn E. Barry, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Grégoire T. Freschet, Birgitta König-Ries, Nico Eisenhauer, Cameron Wagg, Bernhard Schmid, Alexandra Weigelt, Jörg Müller, Christiane Roscher, Alexandru Milcu, Malte Jochum, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Écotron Européen de Montpellier - UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Inst Biodivers, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Institute of Agricultural Sciences [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit [Szeged], Biological Research Centre [Szeged] (BRC), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), UMR : AGroécologie, Innovations, TeRritoires, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Agroecology, DNPW, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, Albert Ludwigs University, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Zurich University, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Special Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Department of Chemistry, Hull University, University of Hull [United Kingdom], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Aarhus University [Aarhus], German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Technische Universitat Munchen, Institut für Biologie I, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Écotron Européen de Montpellier, University of Würzburg = Universität Würzburg, Bavarian Forest National Park, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], European Project: 677232,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,ECOWORM(2016), European Project: 265171,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,FUNDIVEUROPE(2010), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Radboud university [Nijmegen]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Ecosystem services, 03 medical and health sciences, Eco-evolution, 11. Sustainability, Ecosystem, Landscape, Real-world biodiversity change, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Biodiversity change, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Ecology, Environmental resource management, Food web, Spatial scaling, 15. Life on land, Ecosystem functions, Management, Geography, Conceptual framework, 13. Climate action, Sustainable management, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecosystem management, Multifunctionality, Evolutionary ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecosystem ecology, business
Abstract: International audience; Concern about the functional consequences of unprecedented loss in biodiversity has prompted biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) research to become one of the most active fields of ecological research in the past 25 years. Hundreds of experiments have manipulated biodiversity as an independent variable and found compelling support that the functioning of ecosystems increases with the diversity of their ecological communities. This research has also identified some of the mechanisms underlying BEF relationships, some context-dependencies of the strength of relationships, as well as implications for various ecosystem services that mankind depends upon. In this paper, we argue that a multitrophic perspective of biotic interactions in random and non-random biodiversity change scenarios is key to advance future BEF research and to address some of its most important remaining challenges. We discuss that the study and the quantification of multitrophic interactions in space and time facilitates scaling up from small-scale biodiversity manipulations and ecosystem function assessments to management-relevant spatial scales across ecosystem boundaries. We specifically consider multitrophic conceptual frameworks to understand and predict the context-dependency of BEF relationships. Moreover, we highlight the importance of the eco-evolutionary underpinnings of multitrophic BEF relationships. We outline that FAIR data (meeting the standards of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) and reproducible processing will be key to advance this field of research by making it more integrative. Finally, we show how these BEF insights may be implemented for ecosystem management, society, and policy. Given that human well-being critically depends on the multiple services provided by diverse, multitrophic communities, integrating the approaches of evolutionary ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology in future BEF research will be key to refine conservation targets and develop sustainable management strategies.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Improving the understanding of flood risk in the Alsatian region by knowledge capitalization: the ORRION participative observatory

Author: Florie Giacona, Brice Martin, Benjamin Furst, Rüdiger Glaser, Nicolas Eckert, Iso Himmelsbach, Charlotte Edelblutte, Luc Christiany, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Centre de Recherches sur les Économies, les Sociétés, les Arts et les Techniques (CRESAT), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut für Physische Geographie (IPG), Albert-Ludwigs University, and University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:TD1-1066, Documentation, Natural hazard, Common knowledge, 0601 history and archaeology, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, Environmental planning, Risk management, lcsh:Environmental sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Land use, Flood myth, 060102 archaeology, business.industry, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Societal impact of nanotechnology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 06 humanities and the arts, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 020801 environmental engineering, lcsh:Geology, Geography, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, business, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Abstract: Despite the strong societal impact of natural hazards, their documentation remains incomplete, with only a few inventories exceeding the past two centuries. Surprisingly enough, this also applies to Europe, a densely populated territory, and to floods, which along with storms is the most common and damage-causing natural hazard in this area. In addition, existing inventories have often been compiled by scientists and technicians and are used for risk management in a top-down manner, although the participation of all parties concerned has been recognized as a key factor for disaster reduction. To address this double paradox, the present article presents the regional flood risk observatory ORRION for the Alsatian region, northeastern France, and its very rich data content. Stemming from two successive interdisciplinary and transnational French-German research projects, ORRION was designed as a participative online platform where information is shared between individuals, stakeholders, engineers, and scientists. This original approach aims at maximizing knowledge capitalization and contributes to building a common knowledge base for flood risk. ORRION is organized by events including all river floods that have likely arisen from a single synoptic situation. For each event, it documents information sources, date of occurrence, causes, and consequences in terms of damage and affected river basins and municipalities. ORRION contributed toward renewing our knowledge of flood hazard and risk in the target area. Notably, here, long chronicles of floods are derived for 13 rivers, the Rhine and most of its main Alsatian tributaries, and for all Alsatian municipalities, most of them since the end of the 15th century, but over more than one millennium for the Rhine. Their main characteristics according to various typologies (seasonality, causes, severity, etc.) are analyzed. Major developments over the study period related to sources, land use, and/or climate change are identified. The advantages and limitations of the approach are discussed and the potential to expand both data exploitation and the building of common flood risk knowledge are listed.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. La valeur patrimoniale des inondations. Un enjeu pour la culture du risque dans le fossé rhénan

Author: Brice Martin, Rüdiger Glaser, Charlotte Edelblutte, Benjamin Furst, Giacona Florie, Iso Himmelsbach, Nicolas Holleville, Johannes Schönbein, Marie - Claire Vitoux, Patrick Wassmer, Giacona, Florie, Centre de Recherches sur les Économies, les Sociétés, les Arts et les Techniques (CRESAT), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut für Physische Geographie (IPG), Albert-Ludwigs University, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'embryologie cellulaire et moléculaire (LECM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

25. Guidelines and recommendations on yeast cell death nomenclature

Author: Cornelia Sommer-Ruck, Michel Mb Toledano, Guido Kroemer, María Segovia, Christa Meisinger, Jens Nielsen, Stéphane Picot, Campbell W. Gourlay, Antonio Jiménez-Ruiz, Raffael Schaffrath, Manuela Côrte-Real, Richard Y. Zhao, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Frank Madeo, Zhaojie J Zhang, Maria A. Bauer, F-Nora Vögtle, Andrés Aguilera, Ali Gargouri, Kathryn R. Ayscough, Nicolas Fasel, Paula Ludovico, Maria João Sousa, Patrick Rockenfeller, Stéphen Manon, Johannes M. Herrmann, Dina Petranovic, Vítor Costa, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Nicoletta Guaragnella, Benedikt Westermann, Marc Blondel, Christophe Cullin, Lynn La Megeney, William Wc Burhans, Michael Breitenbach, Peter Polčic, Jürgen J. Heinisch, Thomas Heger, Katrina Kf Cooper, Tiago Tf Outeiro, Birthe Fahrenkrog, Stephan J. Sigrist, Antonio Barrientos, Andreas Zimmermann, Michael Chang, Paola Goffrini, Michael Mt Greenwood, Amir Sharon, Bing Zhou, Shoshana Bar-Nun, Sabrina Büttner, Ian W. Dawes, Rena Balzan, Karin Thevissen, Duccio Cavalieri, Eva Herker, Joris Winderickx, Tobias Eisenberg, Nicanor Austriaco, Ted Powers, Tobias Pendl, Kai-Uwe Fröhlich, Vladimir I. Titorenko, Stefan Wölfl, Martin Mb Dickman, Sebastian J. Hofer, Thomas Nyström, Sergio Giannattasio, Cristina Mazzoni, Johan Jm Thevelein, Silke Wissing, Mick F. Tuite, Peter Belenky, Heinz Hd Osiewacz, Mark Rinnerthaler, Helmut Jungwirth, Christoph Ruckenstuhl, Fedor Ff Severin, Mark Ramsdale, Enzo Martegani, Chris M. Grant, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Jörn Dengjel, Hay-Oak Park, Ralf J. Braun, Katharina Kainz, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Universidade do Minho, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University Graz, (IMB), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Department of Biochemistry - George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University (TAU), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Molécules et cibles thérapeutiques (MCT), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BayerCropScience AG, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, CNR - Bari, Heinrich Pette Institute [Hamburg], Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften [Graz], University of Texas Health Science Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho [Braga], Institut de biochimie et génétique cellulaires (IBGC), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Systems Biology, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Radicaux Libres, Substrats Énergétiques et Physiopathologie Cérébrale, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Synthèse de Molécules d'Intérêt Thérapeutique (SMITh), Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Kassel [Kassel], Department of Cellular Machines, BioTechnological Center, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Concordia University [Montreal], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Kent [Canterbury], Q2S [NTNU], Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-The Research Council of Norway, Functional Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking- Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Apoptose, cancer et immunité (U848), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Immunopathologie et immunointervention thérapeutique (CRC - Inserm U1138), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Firenze [Firenze], Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome]-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Albert-Ludwigs University, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU)-The Research Council of Norway, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Carmona-Gutierrez, D, Bauer, M, Zimmermann, A, Aguilera, A, Austriaco, N, Ayscough, K, Balzan, R, Bar-Nun, S, Barrientos, A, Belenky, P, Blondel, M, Braun, R, Breitenbach, M, Burhans, W, Buettner, S, Cavalieri, D, Chang, M, Cooper, K, Côrte-Real, M, Costa, V, Cullin, C, Dawes, I, Dengjel, J, Dickman, M, Eisenberg, T, Fahrenkrog, B, Fasel, N, Froehlich, K, Gargouri, A, Giannattasio, S, Goffrini, P, Gourlay, C, Grant, C, Greenwood, M, Guaragnella, N, Heger, T, Heinisch, J, Herker, E, Herrmann, J, Hofer, S, Jiménez-Ruiz, A, Jungwirth, H, Kainz, K, Kontoyiannis, D, Ludovico, P, Manon, S, Martegani, E, Mazzoni, C, Megeney, L, Meisinger, C, Nielsen, J, Nystroem, T, Osiewacz, H, Outeiro, T, Park, H, Pendl, T, Petranovic, D, Picot, S, Polčic, P, Powers, T, Ramsdale, M, Rinnerthaler, M, Rockenfeller, P, Ruckenstuhl, C, Schaffrath, R, Segovia, M, Severin, F, Sharon, A, Sigrist, S, Sommer-Ruck, C, Sousa, M, Thevelein, J, Thevissen, K, Titorenko, V, Toledano, M, Tuite, M, Voegtle, F, Westermann, B, Winderickx, J, Wissing, S, Woelfl, S, Zhang, Z, Zhao, R, Zhou, B, Galluzzi, L, Kroemer, G, and Madeo, F
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Applied Microbiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, Regulated cell death, Apoptosis, Review, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, necrosis, Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous), lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, reactive oxygen species, biology, Model organism, apoptosis, regulated cell death, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, accidental cell death, Necrosi, 3. Good health, caspases, autophagic cell death, Caspases, Reactive oxygen specie, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Programmed cell death, autophagy, caspase, mitotic catastrophe, model organism, Regulated necrosis, Computational biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), 03 medical and health sciences, Necrosis, Accidental cell death, Virology, Genetics, Journal Article, Autophagy, Molecular Biology, Science & Technology, ved/biology, Apoptosi, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Yeast, Mitotic catastrophe, 030104 developmental biology, Autophagic cell death, lcsh:Biology (General), Parasitology, Guidelines, yeast, cell death, Reactive oxygen species
Abstract: Elucidating the biology of yeast in its full complexity has major implications for science, medicine and industry. One of the most critical processes determining yeast life and physiology is cel-lular demise. However, the investigation of yeast cell death is a relatively young field, and a widely accepted set of concepts and terms is still missing. Here, we propose unified criteria for the defi-nition of accidental, regulated, and programmed forms of cell death in yeast based on a series of morphological and biochemical criteria. Specifically, we provide consensus guidelines on the differ-ential definition of terms including apoptosis, regulated necrosis, and autophagic cell death, as we refer to additional cell death rou-tines that are relevant for the biology of (at least some species of) yeast. As this area of investigation advances rapidly, changes and extensions to this set of recommendations will be implemented in the years to come. Nonetheless, we strongly encourage the au-thors, reviewers and editors of scientific articles to adopt these collective standards in order to establish an accurate framework for yeast cell death research and, ultimately, to accelerate the pro-gress of this vibrant field of research., info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Root Gravitropism Is Regulated by a Crosstalk between para-Aminobenzoic Acid, Ethylene, and Auxin

Author: Benedetto Ruperti, Philip Kochersperger, Hugues Nziengui, Hanna Lasok, Fabrice Rébeillé, Franck Anicet Ditengou, Klaus Palme, Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Albert Ludwigs University, Baden-Württemberg Stiftung, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF SYSBRA, SYSTEC, Microsystems), Excellence Initiative of the German Federal and State Governments (EXC 294), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG SFB 746, INST 39/839,840,841), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR 50WB1022), Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Mutant, Gravitropism, PRECURSOR P-AMINOBENZOATE, PROTEIN, Endogeny, Plant Science, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, Auxin, DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH-RESPONSES, GENE FAMILY-MEMBERS, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, PLANT DEVELOPMENT, PHOSPHATE STARVATION, GLUCOSE ESTER, TRANSPORT, BIOSYNTHESIS, Arabidopsis, Genetics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, heterocyclic compounds, Transcription factor, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Chemistry, fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Signal transduction
Abstract: International audience; Plants respond to gravitational force through directional growth along the gravity vector. Although auxin is the central component of the root graviresponse, it works in concert with other plant hormones. Here, we show that the folate precursor para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) is a key modulator of the auxin-ethylene interplay during root gravitropism in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). In gravistimulated roots, PABA promotes an asymmetric auxin response, which causes the asymmetric growth responsible for root curvature. This activity requires the auxin response transcription factors AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR7 (ARF7) and ARF19 as well as ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, indicating that PABA activity requires both auxin and ethylene pathways. Similar to ethylene, exogenous PABA reverses the agravitropic root growth of the auxin transport mutant pin-formed2 (pin2) and the auxin biosynthetic double mutant with loss of function of weak ethylene insensitive (wei) genes, wei8wei2, but not the pin2wei8wei2 triple mutant. This finding suggests that PABA regulates the ethylene-dependent reciprocal compensation between auxin transport and biosynthesis. Furthermore, manipulation of endogenous free PABA levels by modulating the expression of the gene encoding its glucosylation enzyme, UDP-GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASE75B1, impacts the root graviresponse, suggesting that endogenous free PABA levels may play a crucial role in modulating the auxin-ethylene cross talk necessary for root gravitropism.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Top canopy nitrogen allocation linked to increased grassland carbon uptake in stands of varying species richness

Author: Milcu, Alexandru, Gessler, Arthur, Roscher, Christiane, Rose, Laura, Kayler, Zachary, Bachmann, Dörte, Pirhofer-Walzl, Karin, Zavadlav, Saša, Galiano, Lucía, Buchmann, Tina, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Roy, Jacques, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Avalanche Research WSL, Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, Albert Ludwigs University, Écotron Européen de Montpellier - UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Écotron Européen de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)
Subjects: Science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Medicine, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Article, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Models predict that vertical gradients of foliar nitrogen (N) allocation, increasing from bottom to top of plant canopies, emerge as a plastic response to optimise N utilisation for carbon assimilation. While this mechanism has been well documented in monocultures, its relevance for mixed stands of varying species richness remains poorly understood. We used 21 naturally assembled grassland communities to analyse the gradients of N in the canopy using N allocation coefficients (K N ) estimated from the distribution of N per foliar surface area (KN-F) and ground surface area (KN-G). We tested whether: 1) increasing plant species richness leads to more pronounced N gradients as indicated by higher K N -values, 2) K N is a good predictor of instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange and 3) functional diversity of leaf N concentration as estimated by Rao’s Q quadratic diversity metric is a good proxy of K N . Our results show a negative (for KN-G) or no relationship (for KN-F) between species richness and canopy N distribution, but emphasize a link (positive relationship) between more foliar N per ground surface area in the upper layers of the canopy (i.e. under higher KN-G) and ecosystem CO2 uptake. Rao’s Q was not a good proxy for either K N . ISSN:2045-2322
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Alley coppice—a new system with ancient roots

Author: Udo Hans Sauter, Jonathan Sheppard, Gerry C. Douglas, Anil Graves, Michael Nahm, Heinrich Spiecker, Christopher Morhart, P. Paris, Christian Dupraz, Chair of Forest Growth, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Teagasc—Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Kinsealy Research Centre, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre for Environmental Risks and Futures, Cranfield University, Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg - Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, Germany), Ministere de l'Agriculture, de l'Ali-mentation de la Peche, de la Ruralite, et de l'Amenagement du Territoire (MAAPRAT, France), Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MIPAAF, Italy), Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Ireland), European Commission, and Morhart, Christopher D.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Botanics, Short-rotation coppice, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Forest management, Land management, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, High-value timber production, Alley cropping, Agroforestry, Coppice with standards, Biodiversity, Biomass, SRC, Coppicing, forêt, Vegetal Biology, Ecology, Wood production, système de production, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, sylviculture, plantation forestière, taillis à courte rotation, Short rotation forestry, Botanique, bois d'énergie, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Short rotation coppice, Alley, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Context Current production from natural forests will not satisfy future world demand for timber and fuel wood, and new land management options are required. Aims We explore an innovative production system that combines the production of short rotation coppice in wide alleys with the production of high-value trees on narrow strips of land; it is an alternative form of alley cropping which we propose to call ‘alley coppice’. The aim is to describe this alley coppice system and to illustrate its potential for producing two diverse products, namely high-value timber and energy wood on the same land unit. Methods Based on a comprehensive literature review, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of the alley coppice system and contrast the features with well-known existing or past systems of biomass and wood production. Results We describe and discuss the basic aspects of alley coppice, its design and dynamics, the processes of competition and facilitation, issues of ecology, and areas that are open for future research. Conclusion Based on existing knowledge, a solid foundation for the implementation of alley coppice on suitable land is presented, and the high potential of this system could be shown.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Tree diversity affects chlorophyllafluorescence and other leaf traits of tree species in a boreal forest

Author: Mariangela N. Fotelli, Ana Garcia Nogales, Charlotte Grossiord, Leena Finér, Arthur Gessler, Damien Bonal, Reto J. Strasser, Kalliopi Radoglou, Martina Pollastrini, Raquel Benavides, Filippo Bussotti, Dept Agri Food Prod & Environm Sci, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), ept Phys Chem & Nat Syst, Universidad Pablo de Olavide [Sevilla] (UPO), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Finnish Forest Research Institute, Forest Research Institute, Forest Dynam, Swiss Federal Research Institute, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division [Los Alamos], Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Unit Environm Sci & Management, North-West University [Potchefstroom] (NWU), Marie Curie IEF fellowship (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF), European Project: 265171, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), North West University, University of Florence (UNIFI), Albert Ludwigs University, and 22074996 - Strasser, Reto Jörg
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Chlorophyll, Specific leaf area, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], canopée, fluorescence chlorophyllienne, Plant Science, Photosynthetic efficiency, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, forêt mixte, Trees, Species composition, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACCLIMATION, peuplement monospécifique, Mixed forest, pure forest stand, Botany, boreal forest, Photosynthesis, SCOTS PINE, ELECTRON-TRANSPORT, canopy, EUROPEAN FORESTS, biology, peuplement forestier pur, Chlorophyll A, Crown (botany), WATER AVAILABILITY, FunDivEUROPE, Picea abies, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, ISOTOPE COMPOSITION, Betula pendula, JUVENILE BEECH, Photosynthetic acclimation, FAGUS-SYLVATICA L, PINUS-SYLVESTRIS L, forêt boréale, Species richness, DROUGHT STRESS, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: An assemblage of tree species with different crown properties creates heterogeneous environments at the canopy level. Changes of functional leaf traits are expected, especially those related to light interception and photosynthesis. Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) properties in dark-adapted leaves, specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen content (N) and carbon isotope composition (delta C-13) were measured on Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., Pinus sylvestris L. and Betula pendula Roth. in monospecific and mixed boreal forests in Europe, in order to test whether they were affected by stand species richness and composition. Photosynthetic efficiency, assessed by induced emission of leaf ChlF, was positively influenced in B. pendula by species richness, whereas P. abies showed higher photosynthetic efficiency in monospecific stands. Pinus sylvestris had different responses when it coexisted with P. abies or B. pendula. The presence of B. pendula, but not of P. abies, in the forest had a positive effect on the efficiency of photosynthetic electron transport and N in P. sylvestris needles, and the photosynthetic responses were positively correlated with an increase of leaf d 13C. These effects on P. sylvestris may be related to high light availability at the canopy level due to the less dense canopy of B. pendula.The different light requirements of coexisting species was the most important factor affecting the distribution of foliage in the canopy, driving the physiological responses of the mixed species.Future research directions claim to enhance the informative potential of the methods to analyse the responses of pure and mixed forests to environmental factors, including a broader set of plant species' functional traits and physiological responses.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Species interactions increase the temporal stability of community productivity in Pinus sylvestris-Fagus sylvaticamixtures across Europe

Author: Jan den Ouden, Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado, Viktor Kurylyak, Hans Pretzsch, Michael Heym, Quentin Ponette, Peter Annighöfer, Miren del Río, Jerzy Skrzyszewski, Václav Hurt, Ekaterina Madrickiene, Hubert Sterba, Vít Šrámek, Frits Mohren, Marek Fabrika, Gerhard Schütze, Kamil Bielak, Andrés Bravo-Oviedo, Gediminas Brazaitis, Ignacio Barbeito, David I. Forrester, Dejan Stojanović, Evy Ampoorter, Maciej Pach, Miroslav Svoboda, Tzvetan Zlatanov, Fabio Lombardi, Bratislav Matović, Lars Drössler, Renzo Motta, Magnus Löf, Lluís Coll, Dept Silviculture & Forest Management, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Sustainable Forest Management Res, Universitad de Valladolid, Chair Forest Growth & Yield Sci, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Forest & Nat Lab, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Dept Silviculture, Forest Research Institute, Inst Forest Biol & Silviculture, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Dept Agr & Forest Engn, Universitat de Lleida, Centre Tecnològic Forestal de Catalunya, Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Management & Geodesy, Technical University of Zvolen, Chair Silviculture, Albert Ludwigs University, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Dipartimento AGR, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Inst Lowland Forestry & Environm, University of Novi Sad, Forest Ecol & Forest Management, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Dept Agr Forest & Food Sci DISAFA, University of Turin, Inst Forest Ecol & Silviculture, Dept Silviculture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Fac Biosci Engn, Université Catholique de Louvain, Forestry and Game Management Research, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Czech University of Life Science, COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR, Spanish project AGL2014-51964-C2-2-R, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Technical University in Zvolen (TUZVO), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (NUBiP), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, and Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PURE STANDS, Plant Science, Organizational levels, 01 natural sciences, pinus sylvestris, Basal area, stabilité temporelle, MAXIMUM STAND DENSITY, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, NORWAY SPRUCE, FOREST PRODUCTIVITY, PE&RC, niche, Productivity (ecology), Niche complementarity, europe, Mixed-species forests, Asynchrony, Population, fagus sylvatica, 010603 evolutionary biology, interaction entre espèces, SUMMER DROUGHT, productivité, Fagus sylvatica, european beech, BOREAL FORESTS, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, education, SCOTS PINE, Beech, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Scots pine, Temporal variability, Species diversity, TREE DIVERSITY, Overyielding, MIXED STANDS, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, BEECH, Plant-plant interactions, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: There is increasing evidence that species diversity enhances the temporal stability (TS) of community productivity in different ecosystems, although its effect at the population and tree levels seems to be negative or neutral. Asynchrony in species responses to environmental conditions was found to be one of the main drivers of this stabilizing process. However, the effect of species mixing on the stability of productivity, and the relative importance of the associated mechanisms, remain poorly understood in forest communities. We investigated the way mixing species influenced the TS of productivity in Pinus sylvestris L.;Fagus sylvatica L. forests, and attempted to determine the main drivers among overyielding, asynchrony between species annual growth responses to environmental conditions, and temporal shifts in species interactions. We used a network of 93 experimental plots distributed across Europe to compare the TS of basal area growth over a 15-year period (1999–2013) in mixed and monospecific forest stands at different organizational levels, namely the community, population and individual tree levels. Mixed stands showed a higher TS of basal area growth than monospecific stands at the community level, but not at the population or individual tree levels. The TS at the community level was related to asynchrony between species growth in mixtures, but not to overyielding nor to asynchrony between species growth in monospecific stands. Temporal shifts in species interactions were also related to asynchrony and to the mixing effect on the TS. Synthesis. Our findings confirm that species mixing can stabilize productivity at the community level, whereas there is a neutral or negative effect on stability at the population and individual tree levels. The contrasting findings regarding the relationships between the temporal stability and asynchrony in species growth in mixed and monospecific stands suggest that the main driver in the stabilizing process may be the temporal niche complementarity between species rather than differences in species’ intrinsic responses to environmental conditions. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2016 British Ecological Society
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Generalized biomass and leaf area allometric equations for European tree species incorporating stand structure, tree age and climate

Author: I. H. H. Tachauer, Tzvetan Zlatanov, Somidh Saha, Gudeta W. Sileshi, Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado, Ignacio Barbeito, Giorgio Vacchiano, Hans Pretzsch, Tamalika Chakraborty, Hendrik Stark, Peter Annighoefer, David I. Forrester, Snow & Landscape Res, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Chair Silviculture, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Chair Forest Growth & Yield Sci, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Abt Waldbau & Waldokol Gemassigten Zonen, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dept Silviculture & Forest Syst Management, CIFOR Forest Res Ctr, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Sustainable Forest Management Res Inst IuFOR, Universitad de Valladolid, Joint Res Ctr, Directorate D, Sustainable Resources Bioecon Unit, Commission of the European Communities, Dept Silviculture, Forest Research Institute, Chair Site Classificat & Vegetat Sci, Inst Technol Assessment & Syst Anal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Plot 1244, Heisenberg Fellowship from the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) FO 791/4-1, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Albert Ludwigs University, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and Spanish National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, leaf area, Monitoring, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Specific leaf area, Allometry, Forest growth, Pseudo-observations, Shade tolerance, Wood density, Forestry, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Tree allometry, UNITED-STATES, Introduced species, MARITIME PINE, Biology, surface foliaire, forêt européenne, 01 natural sciences, QUERCUS-ILEX, WOODY BIOMASS, biomasse, SECONDARY FORESTS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Biomass (ecology), Policy and Law, PINUS-PINASTER AIT, Ecology, Edaphic, SOUTHERN CHINA, 15. Life on land, Management, Productivity (ecology), FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS, contrainte édaphique, équation allométrique, variabilité génétique intraspécifique, 010606 plant biology & botany, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS
Abstract: Biomass and leaf area equations are often required to assess or model forest productivity, carbon stocks and other ecosystem services. These factors are influenced by climate, age and stand structural attributes including stand density and tree species diversity or species composition. However, such covariates are rarely included in biomass and leaf area equations. We reviewed the literature and built a database of biomass and leaf area equations for 24 European tree species and 3 introduced species. The final dataset contained 973 equations. Most of the equations were site-specific and therefore restricted to the edaphic, climatic and stand structural conditions of the given site. To overcome this limitation, the database was used to develop regional species-specific equations that can be used in a wide range of stands and to quantify the effects of climate, age and stand structure on biomass or leaf area. The analysis showed considerable inter- and intra-specific variability in biomass relationships. The intra-specific variability was related to climate, age or stand characteristics, while the inter-specific variability was correlated with traits such as wood density, specific leaf area and shade tolerance. The analysis also showed that foliage mass is more variable than stem or total aboveground biomass, both within and between species, and these biomass components have contrasting responses to age and changes in stand structure. Despite the large number of published equations, many species are still not well represented. Therefore, generic equations were developed that include species-specific wood density instead of species identity. Further improvements may be possible if future studies quantify the stand structure of individual tree neighbourhoods instead of using the stand means for all trees sampled with the given stand. © 2017 The Authors
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning in a 15-year grassland experiment: Patterns, mechanisms, and open questions

Author: Pascal A. Niklaus, Anke Hildebrandt, Gerd Gleixner, Sebastian T. Meyer, Jacques Roy, Christoph Scherber, Wolfgang Wilcke, Guangjuan Luo, Teja Tscharntke, Sophia Leimer, Christine Fischer, Helmut Hillebrand, François Buscot, Stefan Halle, Eric Allan, Markus Lange, Stefan Scheu, Michael Wachendorf, Alexandru Milcu, Hans de Kroon, Christof Engels, Christian Wirth, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Liesje Mommer, Romain L. Barnard, Raphaël Proulx, Arthur Gessler, Xavier Le Roux, Christiane Roscher, Anne Ebeling, Markus Fischer, Ernst Detlef Schulze, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Nina Buchmann, Cameron Wagg, Holger Beßler, Bernhard Schmid, Alexandra Weigelt, Nico Eisenhauer, Yvonne Oelmann, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, University of Bern, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institute of Agricultural Sciences [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit [Szeged], Biological Research Centre [Szeged] (BRC), Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Institute of Food Chemistry, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Chair of Hydrogeology, Institute for Geosciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Écotron Européen de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroecology, DNPW, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institut für Biologie I, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Department Biogeochemical Processes [Jena], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Zurich University, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 456, FOR 1451], Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [FOR 456, FOR 1451], Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena, International Max Planck Research School for Global Biogeochemical Cycles (IMPRS-gBGC), Technische Universitat Munchen, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Écotron Européen de Montpellier - UPS 3248, Albert Ludwigs University, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and Universität Leipzig
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Geography & travel, Biodiversité et Ecologie, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biodiversity, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Complementarity, Biology, 580 Plants (Botany), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Selection effect, Biomass, Nutrient cycling, Carbon storage, Multi-trophic interactions, Ecosystem engineer, Ecosystem services, Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecosystem, Ecosystem diversity, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ddc:910, 2. Zero hunger, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, Plant Ecology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Body size and species richness, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, ddc, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Selectioneffect, Nutrientcycling, Carbonstorage, Multi-trophicinteractions, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: In the past two decades, a large number of studies have investigated the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, most of which focussed on a limited set of ecosystem variables. The Jena Experiment was set up in 2002 to investigate the effects of plant diversity on element cycling and trophic interactions, using a multi-disciplinary approach. Here, we review the results of 15 years of research in the Jena Experiment, focussing on the effects of manipulating plant species richness and plant functional richness. With more than 85,000 measures taken from the plant diversity plots, the Jena Experiment has allowed answering fundamental questions important for functional biodiversity research.[br/] First, the question was how general the effect of plant species richness is, regarding the many different processes that take place in an ecosystem. About 45% of different types of ecosystem processes measured in the 'main experiment', where plant species richness ranged from 1 to 60 species, were significantly affected by plant species richness, providing strong support for the view that biodiversity is a significant driver of ecosystem functioning. Many measures were not saturating at the 60-species level, but increased linearly with the logarithm of species richness. There was, however, great variability in the strength of response among different processes. One striking pattern was that many processes, in particular belowground processes, took several years to respond to the manipulation of plant species richness, showing that biodiversity experiments have to be long-term, to distinguish trends from transitory patterns. In addition, the results from the Jena Experiment provide further evidence that diversity begets stability, for example stability against invasion of plant species, but unexpectedly some results also suggested the opposite, e.g. when plant communities experience severe perturbations or elevated resource availability. This highlights the need to revisit diversity-stability theory.[br/] Second, we explored whether individual plant species or individual plant functional groups, or biodiversity itself is more important for ecosystem functioning, in particular biomass production. We found strong effects of individual species and plant functional groups on biomass production, yet these effects mostly occurred in addition to, but not instead of, effects of plant species richness.[br/] Third, the Jena Experiment assessed the effect of diversity on multitrophic interactions. The diversity of most organisms responded positively to increases in plant species richness, and the effect was stronger for above-than for belowground organisms, and stronger for herbivores than for carnivores or detritivores. Thus, diversity begets diversity. In addition, the effect on organismic diversity was stronger than the effect on species abundances.[br/] Fourth, the Jena Experiment aimed to assess the effect of diversity on N, P and C cycling and the water balance of the plots, separating between element input into the ecosystem, element turnover, element stocks, and output from the ecosystem. While inputs were generally less affected by plant species richness, measures of element stocks, turnover and output were often positively affected by plant diversity, e.g. carbon storage strongly increased with increasing plant species richness. Variables of the N cycle responded less strongly to plant species richness than variables of the C cycle.[br/] Fifth, plant traits are often used to unravel mechanisms underlying the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship. In the Jena Experiment, most investigated plant traits, both above-and belowground, were plastic and trait expression depended on plant diversity in a complex way, suggesting limitation to using database traits for linking plant traits to particular functions.[br/] Sixth, plant diversity effects on ecosystem processes are often caused by plant diversity effects on species interactions. Analyses in the Jena Experiment including structural equation modelling suggest complex interactions that changed with diversity, e.g. soil carbon storage and greenhouse gas emission were affected by changes in the composition and activity of the belowground microbial community. Manipulation experiments, in which particular organisms, e.g. belowground invertebrates, were excluded from plots in split-plot experiments, supported the important role of the biotic component for element and water fluxes.[br/] Seventh, the Jena Experiment aimed to put the results into the context of agricultural practices in managed grasslands. The effect of increasing plant species richness from 1 to 16 species on plant biomass was, in absolute terms, as strong as the effect of a more intensive grassland management, using fertiliser and increasing mowing frequency. Potential bioenergy production from high-diversity plots was similar to that of conventionally used energy crops. These results suggest that diverse 'High Nature Value Grasslands' are multifunctional and can deliver a range of ecosystem services including production-related services.[br/] A final task was to assess the importance of potential artefacts in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, caused by the weeding of the plant community to maintain plant species composition. While the effort ( in hours) needed to weed a plot was often negatively related to plant species richness, species richness still affected the majority of ecosystem variables. Weeding also did not negatively affect monoculture performance; rather, monocultures deteriorated over time for a number of biological reasons, as shown in plant-soil feedback experiments.[br/] To summarize, the Jena Experiment has allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the functional role of biodiversity in an ecosystem. A main challenge for future biodiversity research is to increase our mechanistic understanding of why the magnitude of biodiversity effects differs among processes and contexts. It is likely that there will be no simple answer. For example, among the multitude of mechanisms suggested to underlie the positive plant species richness effect on biomass, some have received limited support in the Jena Experiment, such as vertical root niche partitioning. However, others could not be rejected in targeted analyses. Thus, from the current results in the Jena Experiment, it seems likely that the positive biodiversity effect results from several mechanisms acting simultaneously in more diverse communities, such as reduced pathogen attack, the presence of more plant growth promoting organisms, less seed limitation, and increased trait differences leading to complementarity in resource uptake. Distinguishing between different mechanisms requires careful testing of competing hypotheses. Biodiversity research has matured such that predictive approaches testing particular mechanisms are now possible.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for Lyme neuroborreliosis in children: a systematic review

Author: Dersch, Rick, Hottenrott, Tilman, Schmidt, Stefanie, Sommer, Harriet, Huppertz, Hans-Iko, Rauer, Sebastian, Meerpohl, Joerg, German Cochrane Centre, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Department of Neurology - University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Medical Center, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), This article was funded by the German Academy of Neurology and the Medical Center – University of Freiburg. The article processing charge was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg in the funding programme Open Access Publishing., Bodescot, Myriam, Universitäts Klinikum Freiburg = University Medical Center Freiburg (Uniklinik), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and University of Freiburg Medical Center
Subjects: Clinical Neurology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Research Article
Abstract: Background Many aspects of pharmacological treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis in children, such as choice of drug, dosage, and duration are subject to intense debates, leading to uncertainties in patients’ parents and healthcare providers alike. To assess the available evidence for pharmacological treatment for children with Lyme neuroborreliosis we conducted a systematic review. Methods The comprehensive systematic literature search included randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies (NRS) on treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis in children (age
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Biotic homogenization can decrease landscape-scale forest multifunctionality

Author: Harriet Milligan, Miguel A. Zavala, Sandra Mueller, Lander Baeten, Santiago Soliveres, Peter Manning, Tommaso Jucker, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Hervé Jactel, Arthur Gessler, Olivier Bouriaud, Andrea Coppi, Fons van der Plas, Kris Verheyen, Hans De Wandeler, Damien Bonal, Stephan Hättenschwiler, Diem Nguyen, Evy Ampoorter, Bart Muys, Monique Carnol, Dawid Zielinski, Christian Wirth, David A. Coomes, Lars Vesterdal, Leena Finér, Timo Domisch, Jan Stenlid, Virginie Guyot, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Karsten Raulund-Rasmussen, Helge Bruelheide, Julia Koricheva, Adam Benneter, Fernando Valladares, Eric Allan, Sophia Ratcliffe, Federico Selvi, Bastien Castagneyrol, Yohan Charbonnier, Christina C. Bestias, André Granier, François-Xavier Joly, Seid Muhie Dawud, Martina Pollastrini, Charlotte Grossiord, Raquel Benavides, Filippo Bussotti, Markus Fischer, Jürgen Bauhus, Luc Barbaro, Coomes, David Anthony [0000-0002-8261-2582], Gessler, Arthur [0000-0002-1910-9589], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Bern, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Dept Forest & Water Management, Lab Forestry, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Department of Forest and Water Management, Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Universitatea Stefan cel Mare Suceava (USU), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - German Research Foundation (DFG), Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Dept Agri Food Prod & Environm Sci, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Lab Plant & Microbial Ecol, Inst Bot B22, Université de Liège, Bretagne Vivante, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Finnish Forest Research Institute, Forest Dynam, Swiss Federal Research Institute, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division [Los Alamos], Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Warsaw (UW), Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Gastroentérologie [Hôpital Beaujon], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven] (EES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institut für Spezielle Botanik und Funktionelle Biodiversität, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Uniwersytet Warszawski, Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Institute of Food Chemistry, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement 265171., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), European Commission, Allan, Eric [0000-0001-9641-9436], Albert Ludwigs University, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Universiteit Gent [Ghent], German Research Foundation, University of Florence (UNIFI), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università degli Studi di Firenze [Firenze], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Hôpital Beaujon, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Allan, Eric
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Databases, Factual, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Forest management, Homogenization (climate), Biodiversity, Forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Corrections, Models, Biological, Environmental science, Trees, β-diversity, Ecosystem functioning, FunDivEUROPE, Spatial scale, Multidisciplinary, Ecosystem, Computer Simulation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, spatial scale, Ecology, Beta-diversity, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Europe, Geography, Medio Ambiente, ecosystem functioning, Species richness, Tree species
Abstract: Many experiments have shown that local biodiversity loss impairs the ability of ecosystems to maintain multiple ecosystem functions at high levels (multifunctionality). In contrast, the role of biodiversity in driving ecosystem multifunctionality at landscape scales remains unresolved. We used a comprehensive pan-European dataset, including 16 ecosystem functions measured in 209 forest plots across six European countries, and performed simulations to investigate how local plot-scale richness of tree species (α-diversity) and their turnover between plots (β-diversity) are related to landscape-scale multifunctionality. After accounting for variation in environmental conditions, we found that relationships between α-diversity and landscape-scale multifunctionality varied from positive to negative depending on the multifunctionality metric used. In contrast, when significant, relationships between β-diversity and landscape-scale multifunctionality were always positive, because a high spatial turnover in species composition was closely related to a high spatial turnover in functions that were supported at high levels. Our findings have major implications for forest management and indicate that biotic homogenization can have previously unrecognized and negative consequences for large-scale ecosystem multifunctionality., The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement 265171.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

Author: Hubert Sterba, Jerzy Skrzyszewski, Gediminas Brazaitis, J. den Ouden, Tzvetan Zlatanov, Kris Verheyen, Gerhard Schütze, Bratislav Matović, Fabio Lombardi, Renzo Motta, Frits Mohren, Peter Annighöfer, Andrés Bravo-Oviedo, Ch. Ammer, Magnus Löf, Lluís Coll, Admir Avdagić, Ignacio Barbeito, Viktor Kurylyak, Maciej Pach, Hans Pretzsch, Miroslav Svoboda, Marek Fabrika, Vít Šrámek, Quentin Ponette, M. del Río, Kamil Bielak, David I. Forrester, Lars Drössler, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Universitad de Valladolid, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], University of Sarajevo, Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Universitat de Lleida, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Technical University in Zvolen (TUZVO), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, University of Novi Sad, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Turin, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Forestry and Game Management Research, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Czech University of Life Science, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Forest Research Institute, COST Action EuMIXFOR (FP1206-160714-045064), Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry (7831-22209-2013), German Science Foundation (PR 292/12-1), Spanish project (AGL2014-51964-C2-2-R), Technische Universitat Munchen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Technical University of Zvolen, Albert Ludwigs University, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Université Catholique de Louvain, and Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, structure du peuplement, Monitoring, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Stand density, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, fagus sylvatica, disponibilité en eau, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Multiplicative mixing effect, Fagus sylvatica, european beech, Additive mixing effect, Morphological variability, Overyielding, Tree size inequality, Forestry, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, pin sylvestre, arbre forestier feuillu, peuplement forestier melange, Shade tolerance, Beech, Mixing (physics), mixed forest stand, biology, Policy and Law, Ecology, arbre forestier résineux, Scots pine, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, biology.organism_classification, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Structural heterogeneity, Management, Productivity (ecology), Environmental science, Monoculture, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The mixing of tree species with complementary ecological traits may modify forest functioning regarding productivity, stability, or resilience against disturbances. This may be achieved by a higher heterogeneity in stand structure which is often addressed but rarely quantified. Here, we use 32 triplets of mature and fully stocked monocultures and mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) located along a productivity and water availability gradient through Europe to examine how mixing modifies the stand structure in terms of stand density, horizontal tree distribution pattern, vertical stand structure, size distribution pattern, and variation in tree morphology. We further analyze how site conditions modify these aspects of stand structure. For this typical mixture of a light demanding and shade tolerant species we show that (i) mixing significantly increases many aspects of structural heterogeneity compared with monocultures, (ii) mixing effects such as an increase of stand density and diversification of vertical structure and tree morphology are caused by species identity (additive effects) but also by species interactions (multiplicative effects), and (iii) superior heterogeneity of mixed stands over monocultures can increase from dry to moist sites. We discuss the implications for analyzing the productivity, for modelling and for the management of mixed species stands. The networking in this study has been supported by COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR. All contributors thank their national funding institutions and the woodland owners for agreeing to establish, measure, and analyze data from the triplets. The first author also thanks the Bayerischen Staatsforsten (BaySF) for supporting the establishment of the plots, the Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry for permanent support of the project W 07 “Long-term experimental plots for forest growth and yield research” (# 7831-22209-2013) and the German Science Foundation for providing the funds for the projects PR 292/12-1 “Tree and stand-level growth reactions on drought in mixed versus pure forests of Norway spruce and European beech”. The second author thanks the COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR for funding the STSM FP1206-160714-045064, and the Spanish project AGL2014-51964-C2-2-R.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Nitrate sinks and sources as controls of spatio-temporal water quality dynamics in an agricultural headwater catchment

Author: Chantal Gascuel-Odoux, Tobias Schuetz, Patrick Durand, Markus Weiler, Schuetz, T., Chair of Hydrology, University of Freiburg, Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), German Research Foundation (DFG), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg in the funding programme Open Access Publishing, and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, Watershed, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0208 environmental biotechnology, Drainage basin, 02 engineering and technology, STREAMS, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:TD1-1066, Sink (geography), chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrient, Nitrate, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, lcsh:T, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, 020801 environmental engineering, lcsh:G, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Water quality
Abstract: Several controls are known to affect water quality of stream networks during flow recession periods, such as solute leaching processes, surface water–groundwater interactions as well as biogeochemical in-stream turnover processes. Throughout the stream network, combinations of specific water and solute export rates and local in-stream conditions overlay the biogeochemical signals from upstream sections. Therefore, upstream sections can be considered functional units which could be distinguished and ordered regarding their relative contribution to nutrient dynamics at the catchment outlet. Based on snapshot sampling of flow and nitrate concentrations along the stream in an agricultural headwater during the summer flow recession period, we determined spatial and temporal patterns of water quality for the whole stream. A data-driven, in-stream-mixing-and-removal model was developed and applied for analysing the spatio-temporal in-stream retention processes and their effect on the spatio-temporal fluxes of nitrate from subcatchments. Thereby, we have been able to distinguish quantitatively between nitrate sinks, sources per stream reaches, and subcatchments, and thus we could disentangle the overlay of nitrate sink and source signals. For nitrate sources, we determined their permanent and temporal impact on stream water quality and for nitrate sinks, we found increasing nitrate removal efficiencies from upstream to downstream. Our results highlight the importance of distinct nitrate source locations within the watershed for in-stream concentrations and in-stream removal processes, respectively. Thus, our findings contribute to the development of a more dynamic perception of water quality in streams and rivers concerning ecological and sustainable water resource management.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Nuclear cathepsin D enhances TRPS1 transcriptional repressor function to regulate cell cycle progression and transformation in human breast cancer cells

Author: Bach, Anne-Sophie, Derocq, Danielle, Laurent-Matha, Valérie, Montcourrier, Philippe, Sebti, Salwa, Orsetti, Béatrice, Theillet, Charles, Gongora, Céline, Pattingre, Sophie, Ibing, Eva, Roger, Pascal, Linares, Laetitia, Reinheckel, Thomas, Meurice, Guillaume, Kaiser, Frank, Gespach, Christian, Liaudet-Coopman, Emmanuelle, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], Service de Pathologie [CHU Nîmes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Plateforme de Génomique [Gustave Roussy], Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), This work was supported by the ‘Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale’, University of Montpellier, the associations ‘Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer’, Ligue Régionale du Languedoc Roussillon’ and ‘Ligue Régionale de la Charente Maritime’, the CHEMORES consortium (EU FP6, grant number: LSHCCT-2007-037665). Thomas Reinheckel was supported by SFB 850 project B7., UNICANCER - Institut régional du Cancer [Montpellier] (ICM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Université de Montpellier (UM), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Oncologie Médicale [CHU Saint -Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Institut de recherche en cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U896 Inserm - UM1), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Endocrinologie moléculaire et cellulaire des cancers, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Signalisation et physiopathologie des cellules épithéliales, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Albert-Ludwigs University, Department of Neurology, Linares, Laetitia, Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Transcription, Genetic, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunoblotting, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Breast Neoplasms, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, confocal microscopy, Cathepsin D, yeast-two hybrid, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, BAT3, Humans, GATA-factor, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cell Proliferation, Cell Nucleus, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene Expression Profiling, Cell Cycle, Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein, PTHrP promoter, DNA-Binding Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Repressor Proteins, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Receptors, Estrogen, MCF-7 Cells, RNA Interference, Molecular Chaperones, Protein Binding, Transcription Factors, Research Paper
Abstract: International audience; The lysosomal protease cathepsin D (Cath-D) is overproduced in breast cancer cells (BCC) and supports tumor growth and metastasis formation. Here, we describe the mechanism whereby Cath-D is accumulated in the nucleus of ERα-positive (ER+) BCC. We identified TRPS1 (tricho-rhino-phalangeal-syndrome 1), a repressor of GATA-mediated transcription, and BAT3 (Scythe/BAG6), a nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling chaperone protein, as new Cath-D-interacting nuclear proteins. Cath-D binds to BAT3 in ER+ BCC and they partially co-localize at the surface of lysosomes and in the nucleus. BAT3 silencing inhibits Cath-D accumulation in the nucleus, indicating that Cath-D nuclear targeting is controlled by BAT3. Fully mature Cath-D also binds to full-length TRPS1 and they co-localize in the nucleus of ER+ BCC where they are associated with chromatin. Using the LexA-VP16 fusion co-activator reporter assay, we then show that Cath-D acts as a transcriptional repressor, independently of its catalytic activity. Moreover, microarray analysis of BCC in which Cath-D and/or TRPS1 expression were silenced indicated that Cath-D enhances TRPS1-mediated repression of several TRPS1-regulated genes implicated in carcinogenesis, including PTHrP, a canonical TRPS1 gene target. In addition, co-silencing of TRPS1 and Cath-D in BCC affects the transcription of cell cycle, proliferation and transformation genes, and impairs cell cycle progression and soft agar colony formation. These findings indicate that Cath-D acts as a nuclear transcriptional cofactor of TRPS1 to regulate ER+ BCC proliferation and transformation in a non-proteolytic manner.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Volatile signalling by sesquiterpenes from ectomycorrhizal fungi reprogrammes root architecture

Author: Ditengou, Franck A., Müller, Anna, Rosenkranz, Maaria, Felten, Judith, Lasok, Hanna, van Doorn, Maja Miloradovic, Legué, Valerie, Palme, Klaus, Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter, Polle, Andrea, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), European Project: 211917, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], German Research Center for Environmental Health, Albert Ludwigs University, and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: sesquiterpène, arbre, Volatile Organic Compounds, Indoleacetic Acids, cenococcum géophilum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], laccaria bicolor, Arabidopsis, champignon ectomycorhizien, racine laterale, Plant Roots, sesquiterpenes, fungi, root architecture, Article, Laccaria, croissance racinaire, Populus, Ascomycota, architecture racinaire, Superoxides, Mycorrhizae, interaction plante champignon, fungi, Symbiosis, Sesquiterpenes
Abstract: The mutualistic association of roots with ectomycorrhizal fungi promotes plant health and is a hallmark of boreal and temperate forests worldwide. In the pre-colonization phase, before direct contact, lateral root (LR) production is massively stimulated, yet little is known about the signals exchanged during this step. Here, we identify sesquiterpenes (SQTs) as biologically active agents emitted by Laccaria bicolor while interacting with Populus or Arabidopsis. We show that inhibition of fungal SQT production by lovastatin strongly reduces LR proliferation and that (–)-thujopsene, a low-abundance SQT, is sufficient to stimulate LR formation in the absence of the fungus. Further, we show that the ectomycorrhizal ascomycote, Cenococcum geophilum, which cannot synthesize SQTs, does not promote LRs. We propose that the LR-promoting SQT signal creates a win-win situation by enhancing the root surface area for plant nutrient uptake and by improving fungal access to plant-derived carbon via root exudates., Soil-dwelling ectomycorrhizal fungi trigger remodelling of root architecture as part of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with host plants. Here, Ditengou et al. identify fungal-derived sesquiterpenes as volatile signals capable of stimulating lateral root production in Arabidopsis and Populus.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Characterization of the soil CO2 production and its carbon isotope composition in forest soil layers using the flux-gradient approach

Author: Bernard Longdoz, Caroline Plain, Stéphanie Goffin, Martin Maier, Helmer Schack-Kirchner, Marc Aubinet, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Unit of Biosystem Physics, Université de Liège, Chair of Soil Ecology, Albert Ludwigs University, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Belgium National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS), and University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
Subjects: Hydrology, Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Topsoil, Moisture, Stable isotope ratio, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Flux, Temporal variability, Forestry, Soil science, Soil respiration, 15. Life on land, Diffusion, Vertical partioning, Isotopic signature, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Environmental science, Soil horizon, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: The Flux-Gradient Approach. (FGA) allows the vertical distribution of gas turnover and production in the soil to be calculated. This approach has been used successfully for greenhouse gases, such as CO2, CH4 and N2O but not yet for the stable isotope composition of soil CO2 (delta(CO2)-C-13), although this subject has become increasingly important. In this study, an innovative experimental set-up, based on the MEmbrane Tube Technique (METT) and adapted to C stable isotope recording, was used to carry out in situ measurements in a Scots pine forest soil in Hartheim, Germany. Continuous measurements of soil CO2 and delta(CO2)-C-13 efflux and of soil air CO2 and delta(CO2)-C-13 concentration were combined with the FGA to investigate the vertical distribution and temporal variability in CO2 production (P) and its isotopic signature (delta P-13). The FGA gave consistent values for P and delta P-13 in each soil horizon, except for the Ol horizon where diffusive transport seemed to be affected by atmospheric turbulence. The results showed that P was subjected to a significant vertical stratification, whereas no significant delta P-13 vertical variation was found. The surface soil water content (SWC) was reported to be critical to the accurate partitioning of P between the topsoil layers. In addition, significant temporal P and delta P-13 variations were found in the most productive horizon, the first being best explained by the soil temperature, the second depending on the moisture conditions. No visible delta P-13 climatic dependence was visible in the measured surface flux isotopic composition (delta(13)Fs). Finally, in the litter layer (Ol), a significant correlation was found between P and friction velocity. This was attributed to the predominance of non-diffusive transport in the litter layer.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Tracking down biotransformation to the genetic level: identification of a highly flexible glycosyltransferase from Saccharothrix espanaensis

Author: Takaaki Taguchi, Oleg Stanko, Anton Linnenbrink, Tina Strobel, Andreas Bechthold, Yvonne Schmidt, Thomas Paululat, Andriy Luzhetskyy, Elke Brötz, Maryna Stasevych, Marta Luzhetska, Volodymyr Novikov, and Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Freiburg, Germany.
Subjects: Glycosylation, Rhamnose, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Genome, Mass Spectrometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phenols, Actinomycetales, Glycosyltransferase, Gene cluster, Gene, Biotransformation, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Phylogeny, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Ecology, biology, Glycosyltransferase Gene, Glycosyltransferases, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, chemistry, biology.protein, Gene Deletion, Function (biology), Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract: Saccharothrix espanaensis is a member of the order Actinomycetales . The genome of the strain has been sequenced recently, revealing 106 glycosyltransferase genes. In this paper, we report the detection of a glycosyltransferase from Saccharothrix espanaensis which is able to rhamnosylate different phenolic compounds targeting different positions of the molecules. The gene encoding the flexible glycosyltransferase is not located close to a natural product biosynthetic gene cluster. Therefore, the native function of this enzyme might be not the biosynthesis of a secondary metabolite but the glycosylation of internal and external natural products as part of a defense mechanism.
Published: 2013

41. Application of Loreau & Hector's (2001) partitioning method to complex functional traits

Author: Damien Bonal, André Granier, Arthur Gessler, Martina Pollastrini, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Charlotte Grossiord, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, Albert Ludwigs University, Department of Plant Biology, University of Florence (UNIFI), UE, European Project: 265171, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), and Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, richesse spécifique, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], trait fonctionnel, Biodiversity, CARBON ISOTOPE COMPOSITION, isotope du carbone, fonctionnement des écosystèmes, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biodiversité, Ecosystem, METHOD, Water-use efficiency, Relative species abundance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, FUNDIVEUROPE, Transpiration, écosystème forestier, BIODIVERSITY EFFECT, BIOTREE, COMPLEMENTARITY EFFECT, SELECTION EFFECT, WATER USE EFFICIENCY, Ecology, Ecological Modeling, Interspecific competition, 15. Life on land, productivité primaire, composition foliaire, Species richness, Rank abundance curve, efficience d'utilisation de l'eau, abondance relative, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Summary 1. In 2001, Loreau and Hector proposed a method to calculate the effect of biodiversity on ecosystem-level properties that distinguished selection effects (SE) from complementarity effects (CE). The approach was designed and has been widely used for the study of yield in mixed-species situations taking into account the relative abundance of each species in ecosystem-level yield. However, complex functional traits commonly used to integrate ecosystem-level properties that cannot be analysed like yield data because the weighted contribution of each species is not determined by its relative abundance. 2. We adapted the original method by clearly identifying ecologically meaningful weighting coefficients to represent species-specific contributions to ecosystem function. 3. We applied the adapted method of analysis to tree foliar carbon isotope composition in an experimental plantation in order to test the influence of species richness on plot water use efficiency (WUEplot). The appropriate weights for the WUEplot of each species are leaf CO2 assimilation rate. 4. We observed a large range of WUEplot and biodiversity effects among plots. The absence of a significant SE on WUEplot indicated that the overall net biodiversity effect was primarily driven by a CE. The net biodiversity effect and CE were mostly negative, suggesting that interspecific interactions resulted in a decrease in the ratio between carbon acquisition and transpiration at the ecosystem level. 5. The application of the method to complex components of ecosystem functioning provides important new insights into the practical and conceptual aspects of functional biodiversity research.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. A novel comparative research platform designed to determine the functional significance of tree species diversity in European forests

Author: Julia Koricheva, Leena Finér, Hervé Jactel, Martin Hermy, Daniel Avacariei, Ewa Chećko, Andy Hector, Miguel A. Zavala, Sandra Mueller, David Coomess, Gabriel Duduman, Mario Liebergesell, Harriet Milligan, Hans De Wandeler, Wim de Vries, Marc Deconchat, Manfred J. Lexer, Adam Benneter, Johanna Boberg, Virginie Guyot, Arthur Gessler, Helge Bruelheide, Martina Pollastrini, Karsten Raulund-Rasmussen, Teresa E. Gimeno, Eric Allan, Wolfgang Braggernann, Sigrid Berger, Andrea Coppi, Liviu Nichiforel, Diem Nguyen, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Mariangela N. Fotelli, Sonia G. Rabasa, Evy Ampoorter, Lars Vesterdal, Bart Muys, Ionu Barnoaiea, Carsten Beinhoff, Christian Wirth, Sophia Ratcliffe, Stephan Haettenschwiler, Raphaël Proulx, Charlotte Grossiord, Kris Verheyen, Damien Bonal, Lander Baeten, V. Holland, François-Xavier Joly, Markus Fischer, Ian Seiferling, Dawid Zielinski, Bastien Castagneyrol, Harald Auge, Raquel Benavides, Felix Berthold, Tommaso Jucker, Kalliopi Radoglou, Filippo Bussotti, Klaus von Wilpert, Federico Selvi, Cristina C. Bastias, Eleftheria Dalmaris, Fernando Valladaresh, André Granier, Seid Muhie Dawud, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Yohan Charbonnier, Monique Carnol, Simon Kolb, Jürgen Bauhus, Luc Barbaro, Gabriel Danila, Timo Domisch, Lydia Hantsch, Jan Stenlid, Department of Forest and Water Management, Forest & Nature Lab, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Dept Forest & Water Management, Lab Forestry, Institut für Biologie I, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - German Research Foundation (DFG), Dept. of Agri-Food and Environmental Sciences, Section of Soil and Plant Science, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Finnish Forest Research Institute, University of Warsaw (UW), University of Bern, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Faculty of Biology, Chair of Geobotany, University of Freiburg, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Lab Plant & Microbial Ecol, Inst Bot B22, Université de Liège, Bretagne Vivante, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Institute of Food Chemistry, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), Department for Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven] (EES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Department of Plant Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut für Spezielle Botanik und Funktionelle Biodiversität, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Uniwersytet Warszawski, Faculty of Biology/Geobotany, European Union Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013, 265171], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), German Research Foundation, University of Florence (UNIFI), Università degli Studi di Firenze [Firenze], Universiteit Gent [Ghent], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), and Albert Ludwigs University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, services, productivity, stands, consequences, Biodiversity, Plant Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Multidiversity, biodiversity loss, Forest ecology, Forest plot, ecosystem function, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Ecosystem diversity, Duurzaam Bodemgebruik, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Sustainable Soil Use, WIMEK, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Species diversity, FunDivEUROPE, 15. Life on land, Tree (data structure), Environmental Systems Analysis, Milieusysteemanalyse, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Multifunctionality, Ecosystem functioning, Species evenness, evenness, Species richness, business, Tree species diversity, richness, 010606 plant biology & botany, temperate
Abstract: Lander Baeten [et al.], One of the current advances in functional biodiversity research is the move away from short-lived test systems towards the exploration of diversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in structurally more complex ecosystems. In forests, assumptions about the functional significance of tree species diversity have only recently produced a new generation of research on ecosystem processes and services. Novel experimental designs have now replaced traditional forestry trials, but these comparatively young experimental plots suffer from specific difficulties that are mainly related to the tree size and longevity. Tree species diversity experiments therefore need to be complemented with comparative observational studies in existing forests. Here we present the design and implementation of a new network of forest plots along tree species diversity gradients in six major European forest types: the FunDivEUROPE Exploratory Platform. Based on a review of the deficiencies of existing observational approaches and of unresolved research questions and hypotheses, we discuss the fundamental criteria that shaped the design of our platform. Key features include the extent of the species diversity gradient with mixtures up to five species, strict avoidance of a dilution gradient, special attention to community evenness and minimal covariation with other environmental factors. The new European research platform permits the most comprehensive assessment of tree species diversity effects on forest ecosystem functioning to date since it offers a common set of research plots to groups of researchers from very different disciplines and uses the same methodological approach in contrasting forest types along an extensive environmental gradient. © 2013 Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics., AcknowledgementsThe research leading to these results has received fund-ing from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme(FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n◦265171.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. A new method for continuously measuring the C-13 of soil CO2 concentrations at different depths by laser spectrometry

Author: Parent, Florian, PLAIN, Caroline, Epron, Daniel, Maier, M., Longdoz, Bernard, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Lorraine (UL), Inst Soil Sci & Forest Nutr, Albert Ludwigs University, and University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
Subjects: ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY, FLUXES, CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION, EFFLUX, RESPIRATION, GRASSLAND, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], RESPIRED CO2, BEECH FOREST, DIOXIDE, DIFFUSION
Abstract: Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux is an important component of the carbon (C) cycle but the biological and physical processes involved in soil CO2 production and transport are not fully understood. To improve our knowledge, we present a new approach to measure simultaneously soil CO2 concentrations and efflux, and their respective isotopic signatures (C-13-CO2). To quantify soil air (CO2)-C-13 and (CO2)-C-12 concentrations, we adapted a method based on CO2 diffusion from soil pores into tubes with a highly gas-permeable membrane wall. These tubes were placed horizontally at different depths in the soil. Air was sampled automatically from the tubes and injected through a diluting system into a tuneable diode laser absorption spectrometer. The CO2 and C-13-CO2 vertical profiles were thus obtained at hourly intervals. Our tests demonstrated the absence of fractionation in the membrane tubes for C-13-CO2. Subsequently, we set up field experiments for two forest soils, which showed that natural soil CO2 concentrations and C-13-CO2 were not affected significantly by the measurement system. While C-13-CO2 in air-filled pores below 5cm was constant over 3days, we observed large diurnal variations in C-13-CO2 efflux. However, the average difference between the two measurements was close to -4.4 parts per thousand, which supports steady-state diffusion over this 3-day period. This new method seems to be a very effective way to measure the C-13-CO2 profile of the soil atmosphere, and demonstrates that the fractionation that occurs during diffusion is the main transport process that affects the C-13-CO2 of the soil CO2 efflux on a daily timescale while advection may account for within-day variations.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Horizon Partitioning of Soil CO2 Sources and their Isotopic Composition (13C) in a [i]Pinus Sylvestris[/i] Stand

Author: Goffin, S., Parent, Florian, PLAIN, Caroline, Maier, Martin, Schack-Kirchner, Helmer, Aubinet, Marc, Longdoz, Bernard, Faculté Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, Université de Liège, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Albert Ludwigs University, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], and American Geophysical Union (AGU). USA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: absent
Published: 2012

45. New methodology to measure continuously the δ13C of soil CO2 efflux and concentration at different depths by laser spectrometry

Author: Parent, Florian, Plain, Caroline, Epron, Daniel, Maier, Martin, Longdoz, Bernard, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Chair of Soil Ecology, Albert Ludwigs University, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], American Geophysical Union (AGU). USA., and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: absent
Published: 2012

46. Turbulence Effect on Gas Transport in Three Contrasting Forest Soils

Author: Florian Parent, Bernard Longdoz, Martin Maier, Stéphanie Goffin, Marc Aubinet, Helmer Schack-Kirchner, Inst Soil Sci & Forest Nutr, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Unite Phys, Biosyst Fac, Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), and Albert Ludwigs University
Subjects: Hydrology, CO2 PRODUCTION, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Turbulence, POROUS-MEDIA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, FLUCTUATIONS, ATMOSPHERE, 01 natural sciences, DIFFUSION, Physics::Geophysics, DISPERSION, BALANCE, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, EQUATION, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, AIR PERMEABILITY, EXCHANGE, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Atmospheric turbulence can affect soil gas transport, and thus violates the assumption that molecular diffusion is the only relevant transport mechanism in the soil. Due to the oscillating character of turbulence-induced pressure pumping the net vertical air flow into/out of the soil is zero. Yet, the dispersion processes induced by the oscillating air movement in the soil pores enhance the gas exchange in the soil, and should be considered when the gradient method is applied. We developed a simple lab method to test the impact of turbulence-driven pressure pumping on soil gas transport using neon as a tracer gas. The experiment was conducted using soil core samples from three contrasting forest sites. The ratio of air permeability and air-filled pore-volume, k(a)/epsilon, was found to be suitable to assess the sensitivity of soil gas transport to the pressure-pumping effect. The pressure-pumping effect reached up to 60% of the diffusive flux rates depending on the intensity of pressure pumping. We conclude that the turbulence effect can substantially influence soil gas transport in field studies, especially at sites with a high k(a)/epsilon value >1000 mu m(2). Therefore, we recommend taking this effect into account when soil gas flux is determined using the gradient method.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. The transcriptome of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (DAOM 197198) reveals functional tradeoffs in an obligate symbiont

Author: Julie Poulain, Erika Lindquist, Natalia Requena, Raman Koul, Yair Shachar-Hill, Gerald A. Tuskan, C. da Silva, Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson, Francis Martin, Valentina Fiorilli, Harris Shapiro, Christophe Roux, Stefan A. Rensing, Helge Küster, Raffaella Balestrini, Annegret Kohler, Maria J. Harrison, Uta Paszkowski, Karim Benabdellah, Mohamed Hijri, Guillaume Bécard, A. Waschke, Daniel Croll, P. Dozolme-Seddas, Ian R. Sanders, Damien Formey, Philipp Franken, Concepción Azcón-Aguilar, Emmanuelle Morin, Nicole Helber, D. van Tuinen, Luisa Lanfranco, Paola Bonfante, J. P. W. Young, Alexandre Colard, Y. Liu, Emilie Tisserant, Nuria Ferrol, S. K. Gomez, Mathilde Malbreil, Peter J. Lammers, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes ( IAM ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments ( MSA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, University of Turin, Departamento de Microbiologia del Suelo y Sistemas Simbioticos Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ), Department of Ecology and Evolution, Université de Lausanne ( UNIL ), Plant Pathology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich ( ETH Zürich ), IG Génoscope, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Boyce Thompson Institute [Ithaca], Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Instituto per la Protezione delle Plante del CNR, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales ( LRSV ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Department of Plant Nutrition, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ( KIT ), Institut de la Recherche en Biologie Végétale Departement de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Joint Genome Institute ( JGI ), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] ( GENOSCOPE ), Leibniz Institute of Vegetale and Ornamental Crops, Departamento de Microbiologia del Suelo y Sistemas Simbioticos, Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Departement de Biologie Moléculaire Végétale, Centre for Biological Signalling Studie Freiburg Initiative for Systems Biology and Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University ( MSU ), Biosciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of York [York, UK], Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MSA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, BioSciences Division [Oak Ridge], Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MycSA), Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Rhizophagus irregularis, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genes, Fungal, Colony Count, Microbial, mycorrhiza, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, glomeromycota, glomus, meiosis and recombination genes, small secreted proteins, symbiosis, transcript profiling, Glomeromycota, Fungal Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Mycorrhizae, Botany, RNA, Messenger, Mycorrhiza, Mycelium, Glomus, 030304 developmental biology, Gene Library, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Obligate, Base Sequence, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], arbuscular mycorrhiza, fungi, Fungal genetics, 15. Life on land, Plants, biology.organism_classification, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Up-Regulation, Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Meiosis, Transcriptome, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: • The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is arguably the most ecologically important eukaryotic symbiosis, yet it is poorly understood at the molecular level. To provide novel insights into the molecular basis of symbiosis-associated traits, we report the first genome-wide analysis of the transcriptome from Glomus intraradices DAOM 197198. • We generated a set of 25,906 nonredundant virtual transcripts (NRVTs) transcribed in germinated spores, extraradical mycelium and symbiotic roots using Sanger and 454 sequencing. NRVTs were used to construct an oligoarray for investigating gene expression. • We identified transcripts coding for the meiotic recombination machinery, as well as meiosis-specific proteins, suggesting that the lack of a known sexual cycle in G. intraradices is not a result of major deletions of genes essential for sexual reproduction and meiosis. Induced expression of genes encoding membrane transporters and small secreted proteins in intraradical mycelium, together with the lack of expression of hydrolytic enzymes acting on plant cell wall polysaccharides, are all features of G. intraradices that are shared with ectomycorrhizal symbionts and obligate biotrophic pathogens. • Our results illuminate the genetic basis of symbiosis-related traits of the most ancient lineage of plant biotrophs, advancing future research on these agriculturally and ecologically important symbionts.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Modification of plant Rac/Rop GTPase signalling using bacterial toxin transgenes

Author: Torsten Giesemann, Klaus Aktories, Fugang Ren, Cristina Dal Bosco, Benedetto Ruperti, Taras Pasternak, Arthur J. Molendijk, Klaus Palme, Thomas Blein, Manoj K. Singh, Gudula Schmidt, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Albert Ludwigs University, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Bacterial Toxins, Molecular Sequence Data, Arabidopsis, Clostridium difficile toxin A, Clostridium difficile toxin B, Plant Science, GTPase, Biology, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, Plant Epidermis, 03 medical and health sciences, GTP-binding protein regulators, GTP-Binding Proteins, Tobacco, Escherichia coli, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Arabidopsis Proteins, Trichome branching, Cell Biology, Meristem, Plants, Genetically Modified, biology.organism_classification, rac GTP-Binding Proteins, Cell biology, Plant Leaves, Rac GTP-Binding Proteins, Biochemistry, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Bacterial protein toxins which modify Rho GTPase are useful for the analysis of Rho signalling in animal cells, but these toxins cannot be taken up by plant cells. We demonstrate in vitro deamidation of Arabidopsis Rop4 by Escherichia coli Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 (CNF1) and glucosylation by Clostridium difficile toxin B. Expression of the catalytic domain of CNF1 caused modification and activation of co-expressed Arabidopsis Rop4 GTPase in tobacco leaves, resulting in hypersensitive-like cell death. By contrast, the catalytic domain of toxin B modified and inactivated co-expressed constitutively active Rop4, blocking the hypersensitive response caused by over-expression of active Rops. In transgenic Arabidopsis, both CNF1 and toxin B inhibited Rop-dependent polar morphogenesis of leaf epidermal cells. Toxin B expression also inhibited Rop-dependent morphogenesis of root hairs and trichome branching, and resulted in root meristem enlargement and dwarf growth. Our results show that CNF1 and toxin B transgenes are effective tools in Rop GTPase signalling studies.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Experimental investigations of a walnut tree multimodal dynamics

Author: Rodriguez, Mathieu, Moulia, Bruno, de Langre, Emmanuel, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Laboratoire d'hydrodynamique (LadHyX), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Roura, Denis, and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, dynamique multimodale, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.MEFL] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEFL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], numérisation tridimensionnelle, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], capteur magnétique, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Experimental data on the frequencies of a walnut tree are presented. These are derived from several kinds of tests using protocols that are commonly used in vibration analysis: pull and release test, hammer impact tests and wind excitation test. The results from these experiments are then used to validate an analytical approach based on the llometry of the tree. This is made possible by a detailed digitization of the tree geometry.
Published: 2009

50. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes

Author: Aaron Ciechanover, Eric H. Baehrecke, Josef M. Penninger, Moshe Oren, Marja Jäättelä, Cecília M. P. Rodrigues, Seamus J. Martin, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Dale E. Bredesen, Stuart A. Aaronson, Donald W. Nicholson, Frank Madeo, Mikhail V. Blagosklonny, Gabriel Núñez, Hans-Uwe Simon, Adi Kimchi, Karen H. Vousden, Yoshihide Tsujimoto, David W. Andrews, Simone Fulda, J. Tschopp, John M. Abrams, Hinrich Gronemeyer, Nicolas G. Bazan, Michael O. Hengartner, Richard A. Flavell, Beth Levine, Thomas Rudel, Ilio Vitale, Eugenia Morselli, Rosario Rizzuto, Boris Zhivotovsky, Douglas R. Green, J. M. Hardwick, Maria Castedo, Guido Kroemer, Pierluigi Nicotera, Christoph Borner, David C. Rubinsztein, Junying Yuan, Jan Paul Medema, Oliver Kepp, Carmen Garrido, V De Laurenzi, Jean-Christophe Marine, Richard J. Youle, Hidenori Ichijo, Daniel J. Klionsky, Hamsa Puthalakath, Ute M. Moll, Shigekazu Nagata, R De Maria, Pierre Golstein, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Mohanish Deshmukh, Enrico Lugli, Brian David Dynlacht, Emad S. Alnemri, John A. Cidlowski, Luca Scorrano, Stuart A. Lipton, Hermann Steller, Sally Kornbluth, Gerry Melino, György Hajnóczky, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, Peter Vandenabeele, Gerald M. Cohen, Shazib Pervaiz, Marcus E. Peter, Richard A. Knight, Jochen H. M. Prehn, Sharad Kumar, Klas Blomgren, Walter Malorni, Wafik S. El-Deiry, Patrick Mehlen, Mauro Piacentini, Catherine Brenner, Apoptose, cancer et immunité (U848), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center [Dallas], Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University-Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University)-Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University), Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Neuroscience Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute [Buffalo] (RPCI), Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology [Göteborg]-University of Gothenburg (GU), Department of Pediatric Oncology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Buck Institute for Age Research, Laboratoire de génétique et biologie cellulaire (LGBC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Vascular and Tumor Biology Research Center, Israel Institute of Technology, Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara [Chieti-Pescara] (Ud'A), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Hematology-Oncology Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania-University of Pennsylvania, Section of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Howard Hughes Medical Institute [Chevy Chase] (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University Children's Hospital, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunité Antivirale, Biothérapie et Vaccins, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Institute of Molecular Biology, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Graduate School of Medecine, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institute of Child Health [London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Duke University School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Biology, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, The Scripps Research Institute [La Jolla, San Diego], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Immunotechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB-UGent, Department for Molecular Biology, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Department of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Apoptosis, Cancer, and Development Laboratory, Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Apoptose Cancer et Développement, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Molecular Oncology, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Fujitsu Laboratories LTD., Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Department of Medical Chemistry, Kyoto University-Graduate School of Medicine, Merck & Co. Inc, University of Michigan Medical School [Ann Arbor], Department of Molecular Cell Biology [Rehovot], Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore (NUS)-Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine-Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore], Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago-Ben May Department for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Department of Biology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University [Melbourne], Laboratorie de Inmunopatologia, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental [Buenos Aires] (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), iMed.UL, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical School, Dulbecco-Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Bern, Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, Rockefeller University [New York], Department of Biochemistry [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka University Medical School, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Department of cell biology, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Division of Toxicology, karolinska institute-Institute of Environmental Medicine, Scorrano, Luca, Tschopp, Jean-Marie, Apoptose, cancer et immunité ( U848 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University-Kimmel Cancer Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] ( UMASS ), Roswell Park Cancer Institute [Buffalo], Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology [Göteborg]-University of Gothenburg ( GU ), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research ( ZBMZ ), Albert-Ludwigs University, Laboratoire de génétique et biologie cellulaire ( LGBC ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), Università degli studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara [Chieti-Pescara] ( Ud'A ), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Howard Hugues Medical Institute, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Johns Hopkins University ( JHU ), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), The University of Tokyo, Weizmann Institute of Science, University College of London [London] ( UCL ), The Scripps Research Institute, University of California [San Diego] ( UC San Diego ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) -National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Graz, Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Academic Medical Center [Amsterdam] ( AMC ), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ) -University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Stony Brook University [The State University of New York] ( SBU ), University of Göttingen, Kyoto University [Kyoto]-Graduate School of Medicine, Merck and Co [Rahway], University of Michigan Medical School, Austrian Academy of Sciences ( OeAW ), National University of Singapore ( NUS ) -Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine-Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore ( NUS ), Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME- CONICET), Universita degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua = Université de Padoue, University of Lisbon, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Würzburg, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Rockefeller University, Université de Lausanne ( UNIL ), Vib Ghent University, National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) -National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Harvard Medical School [Boston] ( HMS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia]-University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Yale University School of Medicine, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), University of California, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg [Wurtzbourg, Allemagne] (JMU), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Peney, Maité, Galluzzi, L, Aaronson, SA, Abrams, J, Alnemri, ES, Kumar, Sharad, and Kroemer, Guido
Subjects: MESH: Cell Death, cytofluorometry, MESH : Microscopy, Fluorescence, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Cell, MESH: Flow Cytometry, MESH: Microscopy, Fluorescence, Apoptosis, fluorescence microscopy, MESH: Eukaryotic Cells, Annexin V, necrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Eukaryotic Cells/cytology, Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, Scanning, MESH : Immunoblotting, Genetics, Cell Death, Flow Cytometry, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Immunoblotting, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, 0303 health sciences, Microscopy, MESH : Spectrometry, Fluorescence, MESH: Immunoblotting, MESH: Guidelines as Topic, purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1 [https], Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, 3. Good health, Tunel, Medicina Básica, medicine.anatomical_structure, Eukaryotic Cells, caspases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https], MESH: Spectrometry, Fluorescence, MESH : Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Programmed cell death, autophagy, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD, MESH: Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, MESH : Flow Cytometry, caspase, Computational biology, Biology, Electron, Fluorescence, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Settore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE, medicine, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Model organism, ddc:612, mitotic catastrophe, Molecular Biology, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH : Guidelines as Topic, 030304 developmental biology, cell death, Oxidative stress, MESH: Humans, ved/biology, Spectrometry, Interpretation (philosophy), MESH: Apoptosis, MESH : Eukaryotic Cells, MESH : Humans, Cell Biology, immunofluorescence microscopy, MESH : Cell Death, Cancer cell, MESH : Apoptosis
Abstract: Cell death is essential for a plethora of physiological processes, and its deregulation characterizes numerous human diseases. Thus, the in-depth investigation of cell death and its mechanisms constitutes a formidable challenge for fundamental and applied biomedical research, and has tremendous implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to standardize the experimental procedures that identify dying and dead cells in cell cultures and/or in tissues, from model organisms and/or humans, in healthy and/or pathological scenarios. Thus far, dozens of methods have been proposed to quantify cell death-related parameters. However, no guidelines exist regarding their use and interpretation, and nobody has thoroughly annotated the experimental settings for which each of these techniques is most appropriate. Here, we provide a nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls. These guidelines are intended for investigators who study cell death, as well as for reviewers who need to constructively critique scientific reports that deal with cellular demise. Given the difficulties in determining the exact number of cells that have passed the point-of-no-return of the signaling cascades leading to cell death, we emphasize the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cells. Fil: Galluzzi, L.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia Fil: Aaronson, S. A.. Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Estados Unidos Fil: Abrams, J.. University of Texas. Southwestern Medical Center; Estados Unidos Fil: Alnemri, E. S.. Thomas Jefferson University; Estados Unidos Fil: Andrews, D. W.. McMaster University; Canadá Fil: Baehrecke, E. H.. University of Massachussets; Estados Unidos Fil: Bazan, N. G.. Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; Estados Unidos Fil: Blagosklonny, M. V.. Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Estados Unidos Fil: Blomgren, K.. Universityt of Gothenburg; Suecia. The Queen Silvia Children; Suecia Fil: Borner, C.. Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Alemania Fil: Bredesen, E.. Buck Institute for Age Research; Estados Unidos. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Brenner, C.. univeristy of Versailles ; Francia Fil: Castedo, M.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia Fil: Cidlowski, J. A.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos Fil: Ciechanover, A.. The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Israel Fil: Cohen, G. M.. University of Leicester; Reino Unido Fil: De Laurenzi, V.. Università ‘G. d’Annunzio’ Chieti Pescara; Italia Fil: De Maria, R.. Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Italia. Mediterranean Institute of Oncology; Italia Fil: Deshmukh, M.. University of North Carolina; Estados Unidos Fil: Dynlacht, B. D.. University of New York; Estados Unidos Fil: El Deiry, W. S.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Flavell, R. A.. University of Yale; Estados Unidos Fil: Fulda, S.. University Children; Alemania Fil: Garrido, C.. Inserm; Francia. University of Burgundy; Francia Fil: Golstein, P.. Inserm; Francia. Aix Marseille Université; Francia Fil: Gougeon, M. L.. Instituto Pasteur; Francia Fil: Green, D. R.. St. Jude Children′s Research Hospital; Estados Unidos Fil: Gronemeyer, H.. Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire; Francia. Inserm; Francia Fil: Hajnóczky, G.. Thomas Jefferson University; Estados Unidos Fil: Hardwick, J. M.. Johns Hopkins University; Estados Unidos Fil: Hengartner, M.O.. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unidos Fil: Ichijo, H.. University of Tokyo; Japón Fil: Jäättelä, M.. Institute of Cancer Biology; Dinamarca Fil: Kepp, O.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia Fil: Kimchi, A.. Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel Fil: Klionsky, D. J.. University of Michigan; Estados Unidos Fil: Knight, R. A.. University College London; Estados Unidos Fil: Kornbluth, S.. University of Duke; Estados Unidos Fil: Kumar, S.. Hanson Institute; Australia Fil: Levine, B.. Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Estados Unidos. University of Texas; Estados Unidos Fil: Lipton, S. A.. Burnham Institute for Medical Research; Estados Unidos. The Salk Institute for Biological Studies; Estados Unidos. The Scripps Research Institute; Estados Unidos. University of California at San Diego; Estados Unidos Fil: Lugli, E.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos Fil: Madeo, F.. university of Graz; Austria Fil: Malorni, W.. Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Italia Fil: Marine, J. C.. VIB; Bélgica. Ghent University; Bélgica Fil: Martin, S. J.. Trinity College; Irlanda Fil: Medema, J. P.. Academic Medical Center; Países Bajos. University of Amsterdam; Países Bajos Fil: Mehlen, P.. Centre Léon Berard; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Universite Lyon 2; Francia Fil: Melino, G.. University of Leicester; Reino Unido. Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences; Alemania Fil: Moll, U. M.. Stony Brook University; Estados Unidos. Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences; Alemania. University of Göttingen; Alemania Fil: Morselli, E.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia Fil: Nagata, S.. University of Kyoto; Japón Fil: Nicholson, D. W.. Merck Research Laboratories; Estados Unidos Fil: Nicotera, P.. University of Leicester; Reino Unido Fil: Nuñez, G.. University of Michigan; Estados Unidos Fil: Oren, M.. Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel Fil: Penninger, J.. Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science; Austria Fil: Pervaiz, S.. National University of Singapore; Singapur. Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapur Fil: Peter, M. E.. University of Chicago; Estados Unidos Fil: Piacentini, M.. National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "L. Spallanzani"; Italia. University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Italia Fil: Prehn. J. H.. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Irlanda Fil: Puthalakath, H.. La Trobe University; Australia Fil: Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Rizzuto, R.. Università di Padova; Italia Fil: Rodrigues, C. M.. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal Fil: Rubinsztein, D. C.. Cambridge Institute for Medical Research; Reino Unido Fil: Rudel, T.. University of Würzburg; Alemania Fil: Scorrano, L.. University of Geneva ; Suiza. Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine; Italia Fil: Simon, H. U.. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Steller, H.. Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Estados Unidos. The Rockefeller University; Estados Unidos Fil: Tschoop, J.. University of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Tsujimoto, Y.. Osaka University Medical School; Japón Fil: Vandenabeele, P.. Ghent University; Bélgica. VIB; Bélgica Fil: Vitale, I.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia Fil: Vousden, K. H.. The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research; Reino Unido Fil: Youle, J. R.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos Fil: Yuan, J.. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhivotovsky, B.. Karolinska Huddinge Hospital. Karolinska Institutet; Suecia Fil: Kroemer, G.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

4,084 results on '"Albert-Ludwigs University"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources