121 results on '"Alaux C."'
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2. Critical links between biodiversity and health in wild bee conservation
- Author
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Parreño, M.A., Alaux, C., Brunet, J.-L., Buydens, L., Filipiak, M., Henry, M., Keller, A., Klein, A.-M., Kuhlmann, M., Leroy, C., Meeus, I., Palmer-Young, E., Piot, N., Requier, F., Ruedenauer, F., Smagghe, G., Stevenson, P.C., and Leonhardt, S.D.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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3. Les pollens réduisent la sensibilité des abeilles aux pesticides....mais pas de manière égale
- Author
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Barascou, Lena, Sene, Deborah, Barraud, Alexandre, Michez, Denis, Lefebvre, Victor, Medrzycki, Piotr, Di Prisco, Gennaro, Strobl, Verena, Yañez, Orlando, Neumann, Peter, Le Conte, Yves, Alaux, C., Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Center for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of National Research Council (ISPP - CNR), Institute of Bee Health, University of Bern, Research Institute of Biosciences, and Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economics
- Subjects
[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
National audience; De nombreux travaux scientifiques ont montré le rôle crucial de la nutrition pollinique sur la santé des abeilles domestiques (Apis mellifera). La consommation de pollen peut notamment améliorer l'immunité et la tolérance aux agents pathogènes des abeilles. De plus, certains pollens ont des effets bénéfiques plus importants que d'autres, ceci étant dû à des différences dans leurs compositions en nutriments et en composés phytochimiques selon les espèces florales. Cependant l'influence de la nutrition en pollen sur la sensibilité des abeilles aux pesticides reste un domaine à explorer. Ces informations pourraient permettre de mieux comprendre l'impact des pesticides sur les abeilles et si possible réduire leurs effets.
- Published
- 2021
4. Reproductive Decision-Making in Semelparous Colonies of the Bumblebee bombus terrestris
- Author
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Alaux, C., Jaisson, P., and Hefetz, A.
- Published
- 2005
5. Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
- Author
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Brown, P, Zhou, Y, Tan, A, El-Esawi, M, Liehr, T, Blanck, O, Gladue, D, Almeida, G, Cernava, T, Sorzano, C, Yeung, A, Engel, M, Chandrasekaran, A, Muth, T, Staege, M, Daulatabad, S, Widera, D, Zhang, J, Meule, A, Honjo, K, Pourret, O, Yin, C, Zhang, Z, Cascella, M, Flegel, W, Goodyear, C, van Raaij, M, Bukowy-Bieryllo, Z, Campana, L, Kurniawan, N, Lalaouna, D, Huttner, F, Ammerman, B, Ehret, F, Cobine, P, Tan, E, Han, H, Xia, W, Mccrum, C, Dings, R, Marinello, F, Nilsson, H, Nixon, B, Voskarides, K, Yang, L, Costa, V, Bengtsson-Palme, J, Bradshaw, W, Grimm, D, Kumar, N, Martis, E, Prieto, D, Sabnis, S, Amer, S, Liew, A, Perco, P, Rahimi, F, Riva, G, Zhang, C, Devkota, H, Ogami, K, Basharat, Z, Fierz, W, Siebers, R, Tan, K, Boehme, K, Brenneisen, P, Brown, J, Dalrymple, B, Harvey, D, Ng, G, Werten, S, Bleackley, M, Dai, Z, Dhariwal, R, Gelfer, Y, Hartmann, M, Miotla, P, Tamaian, R, Govender, P, Gurney-Champion, O, Kauppila, J, Zhang, X, Echeverria, N, Subhash, S, Sallmon, H, Tofani, M, Bae, T, Bosch, O, Cuiv, P, Danchin, A, Diouf, B, Eerola, T, Evangelou, E, Filipp, F, Klump, H, Kurgan, L, Smith, S, Terrier, O, Tuttle, N, Ascher, D, Janga, S, Schulte, L, Becker, D, Browngardt, C, Bush, S, Gaullier, G, Ide, K, Meseko, C, Werner, G, Zaucha, J, Al-Farha, A, Greenwald, N, Popoola, S, Rahman, S, Xu, J, Yang, S, Hiroi, N, Alper, O, Baker, C, Bitzer, M, Chacko, G, Debrabant, B, Dixon, R, Forano, E, Gilliham, M, Kelly, S, Klempnauer, K, Lidbury, B, Lin, M, Lynch, I, Ma, W, Maibach, E, Mather, D, Nandakumar, K, Ohgami, R, Parchi, P, Tressoldi, P, Xue, Y, Armitage, C, Barraud, P, Chatzitheochari, S, Coelho, L, Diao, J, Doxey, A, Gobet, A, Hu, P, Kaiser, S, Mitchell, K, Salama, M, Shabalin, I, Song, H, Stevanovic, D, Yadollahpour, A, Zeng, E, Zinke, K, Alimba, C, Beyene, T, Cao, Z, Chan, S, Gatchell, M, Kleppe, A, Piotrowski, M, Torga, G, Woldesemayat, A, Cosacak, M, Haston, S, Ross, S, Williams, R, Wong, A, Abramowitz, M, Effiong, A, Lee, S, Abid, M, Agarabi, C, Alaux, C, Albrecht, D, Atkins, G, Beck, C, Bonvin, A, Bourke, E, Brand, T, Braun, R, Bull, J, Cardoso, P, Carter, D, Delahay, R, Ducommun, B, Duijf, P, Epp, T, Eskelinen, E, Fallah, M, Farber, D, Fernandez-Triana, J, Feyerabend, F, Florio, T, Friebe, M, Furuta, S, Gabrielsen, M, Gruber, J, Grybos, M, Han, Q, Heinrich, M, Helantera, H, Huber, M, Jeltsch, A, Jiang, F, Josse, C, Jurman, G, Kamiya, H, de Keersmaecker, K, Kristiansson, E, de Leeuw, F, Li, J, Liang, S, Lopez-Escamez, J, Lopez-Ruiz, F, Marchbank, K, Marschalek, R, Martin, C, Miele, A, Montagutelli, X, Morcillo, E, Nicoletti, R, Niehof, M, O'Toole, R, Ohtomo, T, Oster, H, Palma, J, Paterson, R, Peifer, M, Portilla, M, Portillo, M, Pritchard, A, Pusch, S, Raghava, G, Roberts, N, Ross, K, Schuele, B, Sergeant, K, Shen, J, Stella, A, Sukocheva, O, Uversky, V, Vanneste, S, Villet, M, Viveiros, M, Vorholt, J, Weinstock, C, Yamato, M, Zabetakis, I, Zhao, X, Ziegler, A, Aizat, W, Atlas, L, Bridges, K, Chakraborty, S, Deschodt, M, Domingues, H, Esfahlani, S, Falk, S, Guisado, J, Kane, N, Kueberuwa, G, Lau, C, Liang, D, Liu, E, Luu, A, Ma, C, Ma, L, Moyer, R, Norris, A, Panthee, S, Parsons, J, Peng, Y, Pinto, I, Reschke, C, Sillanpaa, E, Stewart, C, Uhle, F, Yang, H, Zhou, K, Zhu, S, Ashry, M, Bergsland, N, Berthold, M, Chen, C, Colella, V, Cuypers, M, Eskew, E, Fan, X, Gajda, M, Gonzalezlez-Prendes, R, Goodin, A, Graham, E, Groen, E, Gutierrez-Sacristan, A, Habes, M, Heffler, E, Higginbottom, D, Janzen, T, Jayaraman, J, Jibb, L, Jongen, S, Kinyanjui, T, Koleva-Kolarova, R, Li, Z, Liu, Y, Lund, B, Lussier, A, Mier, P, Moore, M, Nagler, K, Orme, M, Pearson, J, Prajapati, A, Saito, Y, Troder, S, Uchendu, F, Verloh, N, Voutchkova, D, Abu-Zaid, A, Bakkach, J, Baumert, P, Dono, M, Hanson, J, Herbelet, S, Hobbs, E, Kulkarni, A, Liu, S, Loft, N, Reddan, T, Senghore, T, Vindin, H, Xu, H, Bannon, R, Chen, B, Cheung, J, Cooper, J, Esnakula, A, Feghali, K, Ghelardi, E, Gnasso, A, Horbar, J, Lai, H, Ma, R, Pan, Z, Peres, M, Pranata, R, Seow, E, Sydes, M, Testoni, I, Westermair, A, Yang, Y, Afnan, M, Albiol, J, Albuquerque, L, Amir, S, Amiya, E, Amorim, R, An, Q, Andersen, S, Aplin, J, Argyropoulos, C, Asmann, Y, Assaeed, A, Atanasov, A, Atchison, D, Avery, S, Avillach, P, Baade, P, Backman, L, Badie, C, Baldi, A, Ball, E, Bardot, O, Barnett, A, Basner, M, Batra, J, Bazanova, O, Beale, A, Beddoe, T, Bell, M, Berezikov, E, Berners-Price, S, Bernhardt, P, Berry, E, Bessa, T, Billington, C, Birch, J, Blakely, R, Blaskovich, M, Blum, R, Boelaert, M, Bogdanos, D, Bosch, C, Bourgoin, T, Bouvard, D, Boykin, L, Bradley, G, Braun, D, Brownlie, J, Bruhl, A, Burt, A, Butler, L, Byrareddy, S, Byrne, H, Cabantous, S, Calatayud, S, Candal, E, Carlson, K, Casillas, S, Castelvetro, V, Caswell, P, Cavalli, G, Cerovsky, V, Chagoyen, M, Chen, D, Chen, H, Chen, J, Chen, Y, Cheng, C, Cheng, J, Chinapaw, M, Chinopoulos, C, Cho, W, Chong, L, Chowdhury, D, Chwalibog, A, Ciresi, A, Cockcroft, S, Conesa, A, Cook, P, Cooper, D, Coqueret, O, Corea, E, Costa, A, Costa, E, Coupland, C, Crawford, S, Cruz, A, Cui, H, Cui, Q, Culver, D, D'Angiulli, A, Dahms, T, Daigle, F, Dalgleish, R, Danielsen, H, Darras, S, Davidson, S, Day, D, Degirmenci, V, Demaison, L, Devriendt, K, Ding, J, Dogan, Y, Dong, X, Donner, C, Dressick, W, Drevon, C, Duan, H, Ducho, C, Dumaz, N, Dwarakanath, B, Ebell, M, Eisenhardt, S, Elkum, N, Engel, N, Erickson, T, Fairhead, M, Faville, M, Fejzo, M, Festa, F, Feteira, A, Flood-Page, P, Forsayeth, J, Fox, S, Franks, S, Frentiu, F, Frilander, M, Fu, X, Fujita, S, Galea, I, Galluzzi, L, Gani, F, Ganpule, A, Garcia-Alix, A, Gedye, K, Giordano, M, Giunta, C, Gleeson, P, Goarant, C, Gong, H, Gora, D, Gough, M, Goyal, R, Graham, K, Grande-Perez, A, Graves, P, Greidanus, H, Grice, D, Grunau, C, Gumulya, Y, Guo, Y, Gurevich, V, Gusev, O, Hacker, E, Hage, S, Hagen, G, Hahn, S, Haller, D, Hammerschmidt, S, Han, J, Han, R, Handfield, M, Hapuarachchi, H, Harder, T, Hardingham, J, Heck, M, Heers, M, Hew, K, Higuchi, Y, Hilaire, C, Hilton, R, Hodzic, E, Hone, A, Hongoh, Y, Hu, G, Huber, H, Hueso, L, Huirne, J, Hurt, L, Idborg, H, Ikeo, K, Ingley, E, Jakeman, P, Jensen, A, Jia, H, Jia, S, Jiang, J, Jiang, X, Jin, Y, Jo, D, Johnson, A, Johnston, M, Jonscher, K, Jorens, P, Jorgensen, J, Joubert, J, Jung, S, Junior, A, Kahan, T, Kamboj, S, Kang, Y, Karamanos, Y, Karp, N, Kelly, R, Kenna, R, Kennedy, J, Kersten, B, Khalaf, R, Khalid, J, Khatlani, T, Khider, T, Kijanka, G, King, S, Kluz, T, Knox, P, Kobayashi, T, Koch, K, Kohonen-Corish, M, Kong, X, Konkle-Parker, D, Korpela, K, Kostrikis, L, Kraiczy, P, Kratz, H, Krause, G, Krebsbach, P, Kristensen, S, Kumari, P, Kunimatsu, A, Kurdak, H, Kwon, Y, Lachat, C, Lagisz, M, Laky, B, Lammerding, J, Lange, M, Larrosa, M, Laslett, A, Laverman, G, Leclair, E, Lee, K, Lee, M, Li, G, Lieb, K, Lim, Y, Lindsey, M, Line, P, Liu, D, Liu, F, Liu, H, Lloyd, V, Lo, T, Locci, E, Loidl, J, Lorenzen, J, Lorkowski, S, Lovell, N, Lu, H, Lu, W, Lu, Z, Luengo, G, Lundh, L, Lysy, P, Mabb, A, Mack, H, Mackey, D, Mahdavi, S, Maher, P, Maher, T, Maity, S, Malgrange, B, Mamoulakis, C, Mangoni, A, Manke, T, Manstead, A, Mantalaris, A, Marsal, J, Marschall, H, Martin, F, Martinez-Raga, J, Martinez-Salas, E, Mathieu, D, Matsui, Y, Maza, E, Mccutcheon, J, Mckay, G, Mcmillan, B, Mcmillan, N, Meads, C, Medina, L, Merrick, B, Metzger, D, Meunier, F, Michaelis, M, Micheau, O, Mihara, H, Mintz, E, Mizukami, T, Moalic, Y, Mohapatra, D, Monteiro, A, Montes, M, Moran, J, Morozov, S, Mort, M, Murai, N, Murphy, D, Murphy, S, Murray, S, Naganawa, S, Nammi, S, Nasios, G, Natoli, R, Nguyen, F, Nicol, C, van Nieuwerburgh, F, Nilsen, E, Nobile, C, O'Mahony, M, Ohlsson, S, Olatunbosun, O, Olofsson, P, Ortiz, A, Ostrikov, K, Otto, S, Outeiro, T, Ouyang, S, Paganoni, S, Page, A, Palm, C, Paradies, Y, Parsons, M, Parsons, N, Pascal, P, Paul, E, Peckham, M, Pedemonte, N, Pellizzon, M, Petrelli, M, Pichugin, A, Pinto, C, Plevris, J, Pollesello, P, Polz, M, Ponti, G, Porcelli, P, Prince, M, Quinn, G, Quinn, T, Ramula, S, Rappsilber, J, Rehfeldt, F, Reiling, J, Remacle, C, Rezaei, M, Riddick, E, Ritter, U, Roach, N, Roberts, D, Robles, G, Rodrigues, T, Rodriguez, C, Roislien, J, Roobol, M, Rowe, A, Ruepp, A, van Ruitenbeek, J, Rust, P, Saad, S, Sack, G, Santos, M, Saudemont, A, Sava, G, Schrading, S, Schramm, A, Schreiber, M, Schuler, S, Schymkowitz, J, Sczyrba, A, Seib, K, Shi, H, Shimada, T, Shin, J, Shortt, C, Silveyra, P, Skinner, D, Small, I, Smeets, P, So, P, Solano, F, Sonenshine, D, Song, J, Southall, T, Speakman, J, Srinivasan, M, Stabile, L, Stasiak, A, Steadman, K, Stein, N, Stephens, A, Stewart, D, Stine, K, Storlazzi, C, Stoynova, N, Strzalka, W, Suarez, O, Sultana, T, Sumant, A, Summers, M, Sun, G, Tacon, P, Tanaka, K, Tang, H, Tanino, Y, Targett-Adams, P, Tayebi, M, Tayyem, R, Tebbe, C, Telfer, E, Tempel, W, Teodorczyk-Injeyan, J, Thijs, G, Thorne, S, Thrift, A, Tiffon, C, Tinnefeld, P, Tjahjono, D, Tolle, F, Toth, E, Del Tredici, A, Tsapas, A, Tsirigotis, K, Turak, A, Tzotzos, G, Udo, E, Utsumi, T, Vaidyanathan, S, Vaillant, M, Valsesia, A, Vandenbroucke, R, Veiga, F, Vendrell, M, Vesk, P, Vickers, P, Victor, V, Villemur, R, Vohl, M, Voolstra, C, Vuillemin, A, Wakelin, S, Waldron, L, Walsh, L, Wang, A, Wang, F, Wang, Y, Watanabe, Y, Weigert, A, Wen, J, Wham, C, White, E, Wiener, J, Wilharm, G, Wilkinson, S, Willmann, R, Wilson, C, Wirth, B, Wojan, T, Wolff, M, Wong, B, Wu, T, Wuerbel, H, Xiao, X, Xu, D, Xue, B, Yalcin, S, Yan, H, Yang, E, Yang, W, Ye, Y, Ye, Z, Yli-Kauhaluoma, J, Yoneyama, H, Yu, Y, Yuan, G, Yuh, C, Zaccolo, M, Zeng, C, Zevnik, B, Zhang, L, Zhang, Y, Zhao, Y, Zhou, M, Zuberbier, T, Aanei, C, Ahmad, R, Al-Lawama, M, Alanio, A, Allardyce, J, Alonso-Caneiro, D, Atack, J, Baier, D, Bansal, A, Benezeth, Y, Berbesque, C, Berrevoet, F, Biedermann, P, Bijleveld, E, Bittner, F, Blombach, F, van den Bos, W, Boudreau, S, Bramoweth, A, Braubach, O, Cai, Y, Campbell, M, Catry, T, Chen, X, Cheng, S, Chung, H, Chavez-Fumagalli, M, 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G., Tiffon C., Tinnefeld P., Tjahjono D. H., Tolle F., Toth E., Del Tredici A. L., Tsapas A., Tsirigotis K., Turak A., Tzotzos G., Udo E. E., Utsumi T., Vaidyanathan S., Vaillant M., Valsesia A., Vandenbroucke R. E., Veiga F. H., Vendrell M., Vesk P. A., Vickers P., Victor V. M., Villemur R., Vohl M. -C., Voolstra C. R., Vuillemin A., Wakelin S., Waldron L., Walsh L. J., Wang A. Y., Wang F., Wang Y., Watanabe Y., Weigert A., Wen J. -C., Wham C., White E. P., Wiener J., Wilharm G., Wilkinson S., Willmann R., Wilson C., Wirth B., Wojan T. R., Wolff M., Wong B. M., Wu T. -W., Wuerbel H., Xiao X., Xu D., Xu J. W., Xue B., Yalcin S., Yan H., Yang E. -C., Yang S., Yang W., Ye Y., Ye Z. -Q., Yli-Kauhaluoma J., Yoneyama H., Yu Y., Yuan G. -C., Yuh C. -H., Zaccolo M., Zeng C., Zevnik B., Zhang L., Zhang Y., Zhang Z. -Y., Zhao Y., Zhou M., Zuberbier T., Aanei C. M., Ahmad R., Al-Lawama M., Alanio A., Allardyce J., Alonso-Caneiro D., Atack J. M., Baier D., Bansal A., Benezeth Y., Berbesque C., Berrevoet F., Biedermann P. H. W., Bijleveld E., Bittner F., Blombach F., van den Bos W., Boudreau S. A., Bramoweth A. D., Braubach O., Cai Y., Campbell M., Catry T., Chen X., Cheng S., Chung H. -J., Chavez-Fumagalli M. A., Conway A., Costa B. M., Cyr N., Dean L. T., Denzel M. S., Dlamini S. V., Dudley K. J., Dufies M., Ecke T., Eckweiler D., Eixarch E., El-Adawy H., Emmrich J. V., Eustace A. J., Falter-Wagner C. M., Farhoudi R., Fuss J., Gao J., Gill M. R., Gloyn L., Goggs R., Govinden U., Greene G., Greiff V., Grundle D. S., Gruneberg P., Gumede N., Haore G., Harrison P., Hoenner X., Hojsgaard D., Hori H., Ikonomopoulou M. P., Jeurissen P., Johnson D. M., Kabra D., Kamagata K., Karmakar C., Kasian O., Kaye L. K., Khan M. M., Kim Y. -M., Kish J. K., Kobold S., Kohanbash G., Kohls G., Kugler J. -M., Kumar G., Lacy-Colson J., Latif A., Lauschke V. M., Li B., Lim C. J., Liu X., Lu J. -J., Lu Q., Mahavadi P., Marzocchi U., McGarrigle C. A., van Meerten T., Min R., Moal I., Molari M., Molleman L., Mondal S. R., van de Mortel T., Moss W. N., Moultos O. A., Mukherjee M., Nakayama K., Narayan E., Neumann P. -A., Nie J., Nie Y., Niemeyer F., Nolan F., Nwaiwu O., Oldenmenger W. H., Olumayede E., Ou J., Pallebage-Gamarallage M., Pearce S. P., Pelkonen T., Pelleri M. C., Pereira J. L., Pheko M., Pinto K. A., Piovesan A., Pluess M., Podolsky I. M., Prescott J., Qi D., Qi X., Raikou V. D., Ranft A., Rhodes J., Rotge J. -Y., Rowe A. D., Saggar M., Schuon R. A., Shahid S., Shalchyan V., Shirvalkar P., Shiryayev O., Singh J., Smout M. J., Soares A., Song C., Srivastava K., Srivastava R. K., Sun J., Szabo A., Szymanski W., Tai C. N. P., Takeuchi H., Tanadini-Lang S., Tang F., Tao W., Theron G., Tian C. F., Tian Y. -S., Tuttle L. M., Valenti A., Verlot P., Walker M., Wang J., Welter D., Winslade M., Wu D., Wu Y. -R., Xiao H., Xu B., Xu Z., Yang D., Yang M., Yankilevich P., You Y., Yu C., Zhan J., Zhang G., Zhang K., Zhang T., Zhao G., Zhao J., Zhou X., Zhu Z., Ajani P. A., Anazodo U. C., Bagloee S. A., Bail K., Bar I., Bathelt J., Benkeser D., Bernier M. L., Blanchard A. M., Boakye D. W., Bonatsos V., Boon M. H., Bouboulis G., Bromfield E., Brown J., Bul K. C. M., Burton K. J., Butkowski E. G., Carroll G., Chao F., Charrier E. E., Chen Y. -C., Choi J. R., Christoffersen T., Comel J. C., Cosse C., Cui Y., van Dessel P., Diodato D., Duffey M., Dutt A., Egea L. G., El-Said M., Faye M., Fernandez-Fernandez B., Foley K. G., Founou L. L., Fu F., Gadelkareem R. A., Galimov E., Garip G., Gemmill A., Gouil Q., Grey J., Gridneva Z., Grothe M. J., Grebert T., Guerrero F., Guignard L., Haenssgen M. J., Hasler D., Holgate J. Y., Huang A., Hulse-Kemp A. M., Jean-Quartier C., Jeon S. -M., Jia Y., Jutzeler C., Kalatzis P., Karim M., Karsay K., Keitel A., Kempe A., Keown J. R., Khoo C. M., Khwaja N., Kievit R. A., Kosanic S., Koutoukidis D. A., Kramer P., Kumar D., Kirag N., Lanza G., Le T. D., Leem J. W., Leightley D., Leite A., Lercher L., Li Y., Lim R., Lima L. R. A., Lin L., Ling T., Liu Y., Liu Z., Lu Y., Lum F. M., Luo H., Machhi J., Macleod A., Macwan I., Madala H. R., Madani N., de Maio N., Makowiecki K., Mallinson D. J., Margelyte R., Maria C., Markonis Y., Marsili L., Mavoa S., McWilliams L., Megersa M., Souto-Maior C., Menichetti J., Mercieca-Bebber R., Miller J. J., Minde D. -P. M., Minges A., Mishra E., Mishra V. R., Moores C., Morrice N., Moskalensky A. E., Navarin N., Negera E., Nolet P., Nordberg A., Norden R., Nowicki J. P., Olova N., Olszewski P., Onzima R., Pan C. -L., Park C., Park D. I., Park S., Patil C. D., Pedro S. A., Perry S. R., Peter J., Peterson B. M., Pezzuolo A., Pozdnyakov I., Qian S., Qin L., Rafe A., Raote I., Raza A., Rebl H., Refai O., Regan T., Richa T., Richardson M. F., Robinson K. R., Rossoni L., Rouet R., Safaei S., Schneeberger P. H. H., Schwotzer D., Sebastian A., Selinski J., Seltmann S., Sha F., Shalev N., Shang J. -L., Singer J., Singh M., Smith T., Solomon-Moore E., Song L., Soraggi S., Stanley R., Steckhan N., Strobl F., Subissi L., Supriyanto I., Surve C. R., Suzuki T., Syme C., Sorelius K., Tang Y., Tantawy M., Tennakoon S., Teseo S., Toelzer C., Tomov N., Tovar M., Tran L., Tripathi S., Tuladhar A. M., Ukubuiwe A. C., Ung C. O. L., Valgepea K., Vatanparast H., Vidal A., Wang Q., Watari R., Webster R., Wei J., Wibowo D., Wingenbach T. S. H., Xavier R. M., Xiao S., Xiong P., Xu S., Yao R., Yao W., Yin Q., Zaitsu M., Zeineb Z., Zhan X. -Y., Zhang R., Zhang W., Zheng S., Zhou B., Ahmad H., Akinwumi S. A., Albery G. F., Alhowimel A., Ali J., Alshehri M., Alsuhaibani M., Anikin A., Azubuike S. O., Bach-Mortensen A., Baltiansky L., Bartas M., Belachew K. Y., Bhardwaj V., Binder K., Bland N. S., Boah M., Bullen B., Calabro G. E., Callahan T. J., Cao B., Chalmers K., Chang W., Che Z., Chen A. T. Y., Chen Z., Choi Y., Chowdhury M. A. K., Christensen M. R., Cooke R. S. C., Cottini M., Covington N. V., Cunningham C., Delarocque J., Devos L., Dhar A. R., Ding K. -F., Dong K., Dong Z., Dreyer N., Ekstrand C., Fardet T., Feleke B. E., Feurer T., Freitas A., Gao T., Giganti F., Grabowski P., Guerra-Mora J. R., Guo C., Guo X., Gupta H., He S., Heijne M., Heinemann S., Hogrebe A., Huang Z., Iskander-Rizk S., Iyer L. M., Jahan Y., James A. S., Joel E., Joffroy B., Jegousse C., Kambondo G., Karnati P., Kaya C., Ke A., Kelly D., Kickert R., Kidibule P. E., Kieselmann J. P., Kim H. J., Kitazawa T., Lamberts A., Liang H., Linn S. N., Litfin T., Liusuo W., Lygirou V., Mahato A. K., Mai Z. -M., Major R. W., Mali S., Mallis P., Mao W., Marvin-Dowle K., Mason L. D., Merideth B., Merino-Plaza M. J., Merlaen B., Messina R., Mishra A. K., Muhammad J., Musinguzi C., Nanou A., Naqash A., Nguyen J. T., Nguyen T. T. H., Ni D., Notcovich S., Ohst B., Ollivier Q. R., Osses D. F., Peng X., Plantinga A., Pulia M., Rafiq M., Raman A., Rawski R., Ray A., Razak L. A., Rudolf K., Rusch P., Sadoine M. L., Schmidt A., Schurr R., Searles S., Sharma S., Sheehan B., Shi C., Shohayeb B., Sommerlad A., Strehlow J., Sun X., Sundar R., Taherzadeh G., Tahir N. D. M., Tang J., Testa J., Tian Z., Tingting Q., Verheijen G. P., Vickstrom C., Wang T., Wang X., Wang Z., Wei P., Wilson A., Yassine A. -A., Yousefzadeh A., Zare A., Zeng Z., Zhang H., Zhou J., Zhu D., Adamo V., Adeyemo A. A., Aggelidou M., Al-Owaifeer A. M., Al-Riyami A. Z., Alzghari S. K., Andersen V., Angus K., Asaduzzaman M., Asady H., Ato D., Bai X., Baines R. L., Ballantyne M., Ban B., Beck J., Ben-Nafa W., Black E., Blancher A., Blankstein R., Bodagh N., Borges P., Brooks A., Brox-Ponce J., Brunetti A., Canham C. D., Carninci P., Carvajal R., Chang S. C., Chao J., Chatterjee P., Chen L., Chhatriwalla A. K., Chikowe I., Chuang T. -J., Collevatti R. G., Cornejo D. A. V., Cuenda A., Dao M., Dauga D., Deng Z., Devkota K., Doan L. V., Elewa Y. H. A., Fan D., Faruk M., Feifei S., Ferguson T. S., Fleres F., Foster E. J., Foster S., Furer T., Gao Y., Garcia-Rivera E. J., Gazdar A., George R. B., Ghosh S., Gianchecchi E., Gleason J. M., Hackshaw A., Hall A., Hall R., Harper P., Hogg W. E., Huang G., Hunter K. E., Ijzerman A. P., Jesus C., Jian G., Lewis J. S., Kanj S. S., Kaur H., Kheir F., Kichatova V. S., Kiyani M., Klein R., Kovesi T., Kraschnewski J. L., Kumar A. P., Labutin D., Lazo-Langner A., Leclercq G., Li M., Li Q., Li T., Liao W. -T., Liao Z. -Y., Lin J., Lizer J., Lobreglio G., Lowies C., Lu C., Majeed H., Martin A., Martinez-Sobrido L., Meresh E., Middelveen M., Mohebbi A., Mota J., Mozaheb Z., Muyaya L., Nandhakumar A., Ng S. H. X., Obeidat M., Oh D. -H., Owais M., Pace-Asciak P., Panwar A., Patterson C., Penagos-Tabaree F., Pianosi P. T., Pinzi V., Pridans C., Psaroulaki A., Pujala R. K., Pulido-Arjona L., Qi P. -F., Rahman P., Rai N. K., Rassaf T., Refardt J., Ricciardi W., Riess O., Rovas A., Sacks F. M., Saleh S., Sampson C., Schmutz A., Sepanski R., Sharma N., Spearman P., Subramaniapillai M., Swali R., Tan C. M., Tellechea J. I., Thomas L. -M., Tong X., Vavvas D. G., Veys R., Vitriol V., Wang H. -D., Waugh J., Webb S. A., Williams B. A., Workman A. D., Xiang T., Xie L. -X., Xu T., Yang C., Yoon J. G., Yuan C. M., Zaritsky A., Zhao H., Zuckerman H., Lyu R., and Pullan W.
- Abstract
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical science.
- Published
- 2019
6. Stratégies d’attractivité des métropoles et des régions françaises : 12 SRDEII et 22 SMDE à la loupe des analyses statistiques textuelles
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L., Carmouze, Alaux, C., T., Reynoird, Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), and BEN KHALLOUK, Abdelhafid
- Subjects
[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,[SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2021
7. Pollen nutrition fosters honeybee
- Author
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Barascou, Lena, Sene, Deborah, Barraud, Alexandre, Michez, Denis, Lefebvre, Victor, Medrzycki, Piotr, Di Prisco, Gennaro, Strobl, Verena, Yañez, Orlando, Neumann, Peter, Le Conte, Yves, Alaux, C., and Alaux, Cédric
- Subjects
[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology - Published
- 2021
8. Interspecific variation in nutritional requirements across bees
- Author
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Barraud, Alexandre, Barascou, Lena, Lefebvre, Victor, Sene, Deborah, Le Conte, Yves, Alaux, C., Michez, Denis, and Alaux, Cédric
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[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology - Published
- 2021
9. Pollen nutrition fosters honeybee tolerance to pesticides
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Barascou L., Sene D., Barraud A., Michez D., Lefebvre V., Medrzycki P., Di Prisco G., Strobl V., Yanez O., Neumann P., Le Conte Y., and Alaux C.
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p-coumaric acid ,fungi ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,food and beverages ,bees ,pesticide residue ,survival ,vitellogenin ,metabolization - Abstract
A reduction in floral resource abundance and diversity is generally observed in agro-ecosystems, along with widespread exposure to pesticides. Therefore, a better understanding on how the availability and quality of pollen diets can modulate honeybee sensitivity to pesticides is required. For that purpose, we evaluated the toxicity of acute exposure and chronic exposures to field realistic and higher concentrations of azoxystrobin (fungicide) and sulfoxaflor (insecticide) in honeybees provided with pollen diets of differing qualities (named S and BQ pollens). We found that pollen intake reduced the toxicity of the acute doses of pesticides. Contrary to azoxystrobin, chronic exposures to sulfoxaflor increased by 1.5- to 12-fold bee mortality, which was reduced by pollen intake. Most importantly, the risk of death upon exposure to a high concentration of sulfoxaflor was significantly lower for the S pollen diet when compared with the BQ pollen diet. This reduced pesticide toxicity was associated with a higher gene expression of vitellogenin, a glycoprotein that promotes bee longevity, a faster sulfoxaflor metabolization and a lower concentration of the phytochemical p-coumaric acid, known to upregulate detoxification enzymes. Thus, our study revealed that pollen quality can influence the ability of bees to metabolize pesticides and withstand their detrimental effects, providing another strong argument for the restoration of suitable foraging habitat.
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- 2021
10. Managers, diplomates, pédagogues ? Fonctions et perceptions de managers publics locaux contraints à collaborer
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L., Carmouze, Alaux, C., R., Fouchet, BEN KHALLOUK, Abdelhafid, Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
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[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,[SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2021
11. Les pollens réduisent la sensibilité des abeilles aux pesticides... mais pas de manière égale
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Barascou, Lena, Sene, Deborah, Barraud, Alexandre, Michez, Denis, Lefebvre, Victor, Medrzycki, Piotr, Di Prisco, Gennaro, Strobl, Verena, Yañez, Orlando, Neumann, Peter, Le Conte, Yves, Alaux, C., and Alaux, Cédric
- Subjects
[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology - Abstract
De nombreux travaux scientifiques ont montré le rôle crucial de la nutrition pollinique sur la santé des abeilles domestiques (Apis mellifera). La consommation de pollens peut notamment améliorer l’immunité et la tolérance aux agents pathogènes des abeilles. De plus, certains pollens ont des effets bénéfiques plus importants que d’autres, ceci étant dû à des différences dans leurs compositions en nutriments et en composés phy- tochimiques selon les espèces florales. Cependant, l’influence de la nutrition en pollen sur la sensibilité des abeilles aux pes- ticides reste un domaine à explorer. Ces informations pour- raient permettre de mieux comprendre l’impact des pesticides sur les abeilles et si possible réduire leurs effets.
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- 2021
12. Modulation nutritionnelle des effets des pesticides chez l’abeille domestique
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Barascou, Lena, Sene, Deborah, Le Conte, Yves, Alaux, C., and Alaux, Cédric
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[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology - Published
- 2021
13. Behavioral and Chemical Correlates of Long-Term Queen Adoption in the Facultative Polygynous Ant Ectatomma tuberculatum
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Zinck, L., Denis, D., Hora, R. R., Alaux, C., Lenoir, A., Hefetz, A., and Jaisson, P.
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. What’s in a Place Name: Reputation Components and Drivers? A Comparison of Five European Metropolises’ Perceptions
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Alaux, C., Laura Carmouze, Sarah Serval, Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
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[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2020
15. Queen influence on worker reproduction in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) colonies
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Alaux, C., Jaisson, P., and Hefetz, A.
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- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Pheromones in a Superorganism
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Alaux, C., primary, Maisonnasse, A., additional, and Le Conte, Y., additional
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- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Regulation of brain gene expression in honey bees by brood pheromone
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Alaux, C., Le Conte, Y., Adams, H. A., Rodriguez-Zas, S., Grozinger, C. M., Sinha, S., and Robinson, G. E.
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Seasonal pattern of viral load in colonies of Apis mellifera from Italian and French apiaries
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Molinatto G., Peruzzi M., Diévart V., Mondet F., Alaux C., Kretzschmar A., Marzachì C., Bosco D., and Manino
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ABPV complex ,Varroa destructor ,BQCV ,SBV ,DWV ,CBPV - Abstract
Among the pathogens of the honey bee Apis mellifera, viruses are receiving increasing attention. Indeed, immunosuppressing agents, such as the reduction of pollen variety, the agrochemical pollution, and the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, which also plays a role in virus transmission, may turn latent viral infections into overt ones. We present here the results of a two-year survey carried out in several apiaries located in Piemonte (Italy) and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (France). The work was carried out in the frameshift of the Interreg-Alcotra project "Innov'api". Viral loads of the most prevalent viruses (DWV, ABPV complex, CBPV, BQCV, SBV) were estimated in adult populations by Real-time qPCR. Data were collected at the colony level, from a total of 150 hives, both in the production season (summer) and in the pre- and post-wintering periods. At the same dates, the gene expression of three markers of the physiological status of the colonies (vitellogenin, insulin-receptor 1, adipokinetic hormone receptor) was recorded. The same colonies were monitored for varroa infestation, by counting the phoretic mites in the hives all over the sampling period. Besides the plurality of environmental and climatic conditions, this survey embraced different management practices: stationary and nomadic beekeeping, as well as chemical or biotechnical control (coupled with organic treatments) of V. destructor. With this experimental plan, we could depict the sanitary status of the apiaries under different conditions. In particular, we gained insights into the seasonal variations of the titre of the main viruses infecting A. mellifera.
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- 2019
19. Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
- Author
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Brown, P. Zhou, Y. Tan, A.-C. El-Esawi, M.A. Liehr, T. Blanck, O. Gladue, D.P. Almeida, G.M.F. Cernava, T. Sorzano, C.O. Yeung, A.W.K. Engel, M.S. Chandrasekaran, A.R. Muth, T. Staege, M.S. Daulatabad, S.V. Widera, D. Zhang, J. Meule, A. Honjo, K. Pourret, O. Yin, C.-C. Zhang, Z. Cascella, M. Flegel, W.A. Goodyear, C.S. van Raaij, M.J. Bukowy-Bieryllo, Z. Campana, L.G. Kurniawan, N.A. Lalaouna, D. Hüttner, F.J. Ammerman, B.A. Ehret, F. Cobine, P.A. Tan, E.-C. Han, H. Xia, W. McCrum, C. Dings, R.P.M. Marinello, F. Nilsson, H. Nixon, B. Voskarides, K. Yang, L. Costa, V.D. Bengtsson-Palme, J. Bradshaw, W. Grimm, D.G. Kumar, N. Martis, E. Prieto, D. Sabnis, S.C. Amer, S.E.D.R. Liew, A.W.C. Perco, P. Rahimi, F. Riva, G. Zhang, C. Devkota, H.P. Ogami, K. Basharat, Z. Fierz, W. Siebers, R. Tan, K.H. Boehme, K.A. Brenneisen, P. Brown, J.A.L. Dalrymple, B.P. Harvey, D.J. Ng, G. Werten, S. Bleackley, M. Dai, Z. Dhariwal, R. Gelfer, Y. Hartmann, M.D. Miotla, P. Tamaian, R. Govender, P. 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Zaritsky, A. Zhang, Y. Zhao, H. Zuckerman, H. Lyu, R. Pullan, W. RELISH Consortium
- Abstract
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical science. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.
- Published
- 2019
20. Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
- Author
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- Abstract
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical science.
- Published
- 2019
21. Place hospitality : a way to inderstand and improve the place marketing approach
- Author
-
Chamard, Camille, Alaux, C., Centre de recherche et d'études en gestion (CREG), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
- Subjects
[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2018
22. Differential gene expression of the honey bee Apis mellifera associated with Varroa destructor infection
- Author
-
Evans JD, Robinson GE, Martin-Magniette ML, Alaux C, Migeon A, Navajas M, Cros-Arteil S, Crauser D, and Le Conte Y
- Subjects
Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background The parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, is the most serious pest of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, and has caused the death of millions of colonies worldwide. This mite reproduces in brood cells and parasitizes immature and adult bees. We investigated whether Varroa infestation induces changes in Apis mellifera gene expression, and whether there are genotypic differences that affect gene expression relevant to the bee's tolerance, as first steps toward unravelling mechanisms of host response and differences in susceptibility to Varroa parasitism. Results We explored the transcriptional response to mite parasitism in two genetic stocks of A. mellifera which differ in susceptibility to Varroa, comparing parasitized and non-parasitized full-sister pupae from both stocks. Bee expression profiles were analyzed using microarrays derived from honey bee ESTs whose annotation has recently been enhanced by results from the honey bee genome sequence. We measured differences in gene expression in two colonies of Varroa-susceptible and two colonies of Varroa-tolerant bees. We identified a set of 148 genes with significantly different patterns of expression: 32 varied with the presence of Varroa, 116 varied with bee genotype, and 2 with both. Varroa parasitism caused changes in the expression of genes related to embryonic development, cell metabolism and immunity. Bees tolerant to Varroa were mainly characterized by differences in the expression of genes regulating neuronal development, neuronal sensitivity and olfaction. Differences in olfaction and sensitivity to stimuli are two parameters that could, at least in part, account for bee tolerance to Varroa; differences in olfaction may be related to increased grooming and hygienic behavior, important behaviors known to be involved in Varroa tolerance. Conclusion These results suggest that differences in behavior, rather than in the immune system, underlie Varroa tolerance in honey bees, and give an indication of the specific physiological changes found in parasitized bees. They provide a first step toward better understanding molecular pathways involved in this important host-parasite relationship.
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- 2008
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23. Effets de pollens contaminés par des mélanges de pesticides sur le comportement des abeilles
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Prado, Alberto, Pioz, Maryline, Vidau, Cyril, Brunet, Jean-Luc, Le Conte, Yves, Alaux, C., and Alaux, Cédric
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[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology - Published
- 2017
24. Une approche innovante utilisée en microbiologie clinique translatée au suivi de la santé des abeilles
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Bulet, Philippe, Arafah, Karim, Voisin, Sebastien, Alaux, C., Le Conte, Yves, Dalmon, Anne, Bocquet, Michel, Gauthier, Laurent, Šimúth, Jozef, Bilikova, Katarina, and Alaux, Cédric
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[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology - Published
- 2017
25. Metabolisation of thiamethoxam (a neonicotinoid pesticide) and interaction with the Chronic bee paralysis virus in honeybees
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Coulon, M., primary, Schurr, F., additional, Martel, A.-C., additional, Cougoule, N., additional, Bégaud, A., additional, Mangoni, P., additional, Dalmon, A., additional, Alaux, C., additional, Le Conte, Y., additional, Thiéry, R., additional, Ribière-Chabert, M., additional, and Dubois, E., additional
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- 2018
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26. Unity in defence: honeybee workers exhibit conserved molecular responses to diverse pathogens
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Doublet, V., Poeschl, Y., Gogol-Doring, A., Alaux, C., Annoscia, D., Aurori, C., Barribeau, S.M., Bedoya-Reina, O.C., Brown, M.J., Bull, J.C., Flenniken, M.L., Galbraith, D.A., Genersch, E., Gisder, S., Grosse, I., Holt, H.L., Hultmark, D., Lattorff, H.M., Conte, Y. Le, Manfredini, F., McMahon, D.P., Moritz, R.F., Nazzi, F., Nino, E.L., Nowick, K., Rij, R.P. van, Paxton, R.J., Grozinger, C.M., Doublet, V., Poeschl, Y., Gogol-Doring, A., Alaux, C., Annoscia, D., Aurori, C., Barribeau, S.M., Bedoya-Reina, O.C., Brown, M.J., Bull, J.C., Flenniken, M.L., Galbraith, D.A., Genersch, E., Gisder, S., Grosse, I., Holt, H.L., Hultmark, D., Lattorff, H.M., Conte, Y. Le, Manfredini, F., McMahon, D.P., Moritz, R.F., Nazzi, F., Nino, E.L., Nowick, K., Rij, R.P. van, Paxton, R.J., and Grozinger, C.M.
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Contains fulltext : 170302.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: Organisms typically face infection by diverse pathogens, and hosts are thought to have developed specific responses to each type of pathogen they encounter. The advent of transcriptomics now makes it possible to test this hypothesis and compare host gene expression responses to multiple pathogens at a genome-wide scale. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of multiple published and new transcriptomes using a newly developed bioinformatics approach that filters genes based on their expression profile across datasets. Thereby, we identified common and unique molecular responses of a model host species, the honey bee (Apis mellifera), to its major pathogens and parasites: the Microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, RNA viruses, and the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, which transmits viruses. RESULTS: We identified a common suite of genes and conserved molecular pathways that respond to all investigated pathogens, a result that suggests a commonality in response mechanisms to diverse pathogens. We found that genes differentially expressed after infection exhibit a higher evolutionary rate than non-differentially expressed genes. Using our new bioinformatics approach, we unveiled additional pathogen-specific responses of honey bees; we found that apoptosis appeared to be an important response following microsporidian infection, while genes from the immune signalling pathways, Toll and Imd, were differentially expressed after Varroa/virus infection. Finally, we applied our bioinformatics approach and generated a gene co-expression network to identify highly connected (hub) genes that may represent important mediators and regulators of anti-pathogen responses. CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis generated a comprehensive overview of the host metabolic and other biological processes that mediate interactions between insects and their pathogens. We identified key host genes and pathways that respond to phylogenetically diverse pathogens, representing an impo
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- 2017
27. Honeybee and wild bee foraging ecology in open field agroecosystems
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Henry, Mickael, Odoux, Jean Francois, Alaux, C., Aupinel, Pierrick, Bretagnolle, Anne, Di Pasquale, Garance, Requier, Fabrice, Rollin, Orianne, Decourtye, Axel, Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), UMT PrADE, Entomologie (ENTOMOLOGIE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Université de La Rochelle (ULR), LTER Zone atelier Plaine et Val de Sèvre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Association de Coordination Technique Agricole (ACTA), Institut Technique et Scientifique de l'Apiculture et de la Pollinisation (ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille), CAS DAR (projet POLINOV), fonds européens FEAGA (projet RISQAPI), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LTSER «Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sevre» [France], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), and TOULOUMET, Line
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,honeybees ,alimentation animale ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Biodiversité et Ecologie ,Colza ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ciencias Biológicas ,Biodiversity and Ecology ,Apis mellifera ,Apoidés ,Physiologie de la nutrition ,Pollen ,Tournesol ,Physiological nutrition ,[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,ressource alimentaire ,grande culture ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,abeille domestique ,paysage agricole ,field crop ,Apoidae ,Physiologie de la Nutrition ,abeille sauvage ,Agricultural sciences ,Sunflower ,food supply ,disponibilité alimentaire ,agricultural landscape ,[SDV.BA.ZI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,animal feeding ,food surplus ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Oilseed rape ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Sciences agricoles - Abstract
Durant les 50 dernières années, l’intensification agricole a profondément modifié la physionomie des paysages en Europe. Pour satisfaire les demandes croissantes des populations humaines, les systèmes de grandes cultures produisent aujourd’hui des céréales, maïs et autres oléagineux sur des surfaces de plus en plus étendues, au détriment de la diversité des variétés culturales locales et des habitats semi-naturels comme les prairies et réseaux bocagers. Comme beaucoup d’autres organismes, les abeilles sont affectées par ces changements environnementaux. Bien que les cultures à floraison massive, telles que le colza ou le tournesol, offrent des ressources florales très abondantes pour les abeilles, leur floraison reste temporaire et limitée dans le temps. En conséquence, les apiculteurs ont désormais recours à des transhumances et au nourrissage artificiel pour faire face aux périodes de disette saisonnière récurrentes dans ces zones de grandes cultures. En outre, la diversité des abeilles sauvages est érodée et l’efficacité des mesures de compensation agro-environnementales destinées à semer des mélanges floraux reste à démontrer. Nous proposons ici une revue des travaux de recherche récents entrepris par l’UMT PrADE pour documenter l’écologie de l’alimentation des abeilles et caractériser leurs interactions avec les surfaces cultivées et naturelles dans un système de grandes cultures., Honeybee and wild bee foraging ecology in open field agroecosystems Over the past 50 years, agricultural intensification has led to drastic changes in land cover structure and composition in Europe. To meet the increasing demands of human populations, modern open field crop systems have increased the amount and size of cereal, maize and oilseed crop fields at the expense of the diversity of local crop varieties and of semi-natural habitats like pastures, hedgerows and forested areas. Like many other organisms, bees are affected by those environmental changes. Although the socalled mass-flowering crops such as oilseed rape and sunflower provide bees with locally abundant and attractive floral resources, their blooming only covers short periods of time. Professional beekeepers now have to cope with recurrent seasonal food shortage periods, and resort to transhumance and artificial feeding to limit honeybee colony losses. In the meantime, non-managed wild bee species are threatened, and many doubts persist about the effectiveness of floral resource enhancements as agroenvironmental schemes to protect their diversity. We provide here a review of the recent research carried out by the UMT PrADE to document the bee foraging ecology and their interactions with cropped and natural areas in an open field agrosystem.
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- 2016
28. Evidence for positive selection and recombination hotspots in Deformed wing virus (DWV)
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Dalmon, A., primary, Desbiez, C., additional, Coulon, M., additional, Thomasson, M., additional, Le Conte, Y., additional, Alaux, C., additional, Vallon, J., additional, and Moury, B., additional
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- 2017
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29. Standard methods for toxicology research in Apis mellifera
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Medrzycki, P., Giffard, H., Aupinel, P., Belzunces, L.P., Chauzat, M.P., Classen, C., Colin, M.E., Dupont, T., Girolami, V., Johnson, R., Le Conte, Y., Luckmann, J., Marzaro, M., Pistorius, J., Porrini, C., Schur, A., Sgolastra, F., Delso, N.S., van der Steen, J.J.M., Wallner, K., Alaux, C., Biron, D.G., Blot, N., Bogo, G., Brunet, J.L., Delbac, F., Diogon, M., El Alaoui, H., Provost, B., Tosi, S., Vidau, C., Medrzycki, P., Giffard, H., Aupinel, P., Belzunces, L.P., Chauzat, M.P., Classen, C., Colin, M.E., Dupont, T., Girolami, V., Johnson, R., Le Conte, Y., Luckmann, J., Marzaro, M., Pistorius, J., Porrini, C., Schur, A., Sgolastra, F., Delso, N.S., van der Steen, J.J.M., Wallner, K., Alaux, C., Biron, D.G., Blot, N., Bogo, G., Brunet, J.L., Delbac, F., Diogon, M., El Alaoui, H., Provost, B., Tosi, S., and Vidau, C.
- Abstract
Modern agriculture often involves the use of pesticides to protect crops. These substances are harmful to target organisms (pests and pathogens). Nevertheless, they can also damage non-target animals, such as pollinators and entomophagous arthropods. It is obvious that the undesirable side effects of pesticides on the environment should be reduced to a minimum. Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) are very important organisms from an agricultural perspective and are vulnerable to pesticide-induced impacts. They contribute actively to the pollination of cultivated crops and wild vegetation, making food production possible. Of course, since Apis mellifera occupies the same ecological niche as many other species of pollinators, the loss of honey bees caused by environmental pollutants suggests that other insects may experience a similar outcome. Because pesticides can harm honey bees and other pollinators, it is important to register pesticides that are as selective as possible. In this manuscript, we describe a selection of methods used for studying pesticide toxicity/selectiveness towards Apis mellifera. These methods may be used in risk assessment schemes and in scientific research aimed to explain acute and chronic effects of any target compound on Apis mellifera.
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- 2013
30. Standard methods for maintaining adult Apis mellifera in cages under in vitro laboratory conditions
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Williams, G.R., Alaux, C., Costa, C., Csaki, C., van der Steen, J.J.M., Williams, G.R., Alaux, C., Costa, C., Csaki, C., and van der Steen, J.J.M.
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Adult honey bees are maintained in vitro in laboratory cages for a variety of purposes. For example, researchers may wish to perform experiments on honey bees caged individually or in groups to study aspects of parasitology, toxicology, or physiology under highly controlled conditions, or they may cage whole frames to obtain freshly emerged workers of known age cohorts. Regardless of purpose, researchers must manage a number of variables, ranging from selection of study subjects (e.g. honey bee subspecies) to experimental environment (e.g. temperature and relative humidity). Although decisions made by researchers may not necessarily jeopardize the scientific rigour of an experiment, they may profoundly affect results, and may make comparisons with similar, but independent, studies difficult. Focusing primarily on workers, we provide recommendations for maintaining adults under in vitro laboratory conditions, whilst acknowledging gaps in our understanding that require further attention. We specifically describe how to properly obtain honey bees, and how to choose appropriate cages, incubator conditions, and food to obtain biologically relevant and comparable experimental results. Additionally, we provide broad recommendations for experimental design and statistical analyses of data that arises from experiments using caged honey bees. The ultimate goal of this, and of all COLOSS BEEBOOK papers, is not to stifle science with restrictions, but rather to provide researchers with the appropriate tools to generate comparable data that will build upon our current understanding of honey bees
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- 2013
31. Social immunity in honeybees (Apis mellifera): transcriptome analysis of varroa-hygienic behaviour
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Le Conte, Y., primary, Alaux, C., additional, Martin, J-F., additional, Harbo, J. R., additional, Harris, J. W., additional, Dantec, C., additional, Séverac, D., additional, Cros-Arteil, S., additional, and Navajas, M., additional
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- 2011
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32. Differential gene expression of the honey bee Apis mellifera associated with Varroa destructor infection
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Navajas, M, primary, Migeon, A, additional, Alaux, C, additional, Martin-Magniette, ML, additional, Robinson, GE, additional, Evans, JD, additional, Cros-Arteil, S, additional, Crauser, D, additional, and Le Conte, Y, additional
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- 2008
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33. Does the queen win it all? Queen?worker conflict over male production in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris
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Alaux, C�dric, primary, Savarit, Fabrice, additional, Jaisson, Pierre, additional, and Hefetz, Abraham, additional
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- 2004
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34. Combiner données physiologiques et écologiques pour améliorer la conservation des abeilles sauvages
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Clémentine Leroy, Jean-Luc Brunet, Mickael Henry, Alaux, C., and Alaux, Cédric
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[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology
35. Vespa Velutina
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Anne Dalmon, Philippe Gayral, Damien Decante, Christophe Klopp, Bigot, D., Maxime Thomasson, Elisabeth Herniou, Alaux, C., Yves Le Conte, Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UMT PrADE, Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, ITSAP, Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), and Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis - Abstract
National audience; Depuis son introduction en France en 2004, la frelon asiatique (Vespa velutina) s'est répandu en Europe, créant des difficultés considérables pour les apiculteurs dans certaines zones géographiques. Son impact va bien au-delà des abeilles prélevées devant les ruches : lorsque la pression des frelons augmente, pendant l'été, les abeilles diminuent considérablement leurs activités de butinage. Selon les situations, cette diminution de butinage peut entraîner une désertion de la colonie à l'automne, ou son effondrement pendant l'hiver. L'effet de l'introduction du frelon asiatique sur les autres communautés d'insectes est encore mal connu. A ce jour aucune mesure n'a permis d'éradiquer sa présence dès lors qu'il apparaît dans une nouvelle aire géographique. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes intéressés au cortège de virus présent chez le frelon asiatique, afin d'une part d'évaluer le risque de dissémination de ces agents pathogènes vers les espèces avec lesquelles le frelon interagit, et d'autre part de rechercher des virus qui pourraient être utilisés en lutte biologique.
36. Le Livre de famille, ou Dix-huit exercices gradués pour apprendre à lire en peu de temps , a l'usage des ecoles primaires de l'académie de Toulouse
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Alaux, C.. Auteur du texte and Alaux, C.. Auteur du texte
- Abstract
[Abécédaire (français). 1833], Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : MidiPyren1, Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : ABCdaire1, Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : UnivJeun0, Avec mode texte, Ouvrages pour la jeunesse
37. Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
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Zeineb, Zian, Brown, Peter, Tan, Aik-Choon, El-Esawi, Mohamed A., Liehr, Thomas, Blanck, Oliver, Gladue, Douglas P., Almeida, Gabriel M. F., Cernava, Tomislav, Sorzano, Carlos O., Yeung, Andy W. K., Engel, Michael S., Chandrasekaran, Arun Richard, Muth, Thilo, Staege, Martin S., Daulatabad, Swapna V., Widera, Darius, Zhang, Junpeng, Meule, Adrian, Honjo, Ken, Pourret, Olivier, Yin, Cong-Cong, Zhang, Zhongheng, Cascella, Marco, Flegel, Willy A., Goodyear, Carl S., Raaij, Mark J. van, Bukowy-Bieryllo, Zuzanna, Campana, Luca G., Kurniawan, Nicholas A., Lalaouna, David, Hüttner, Felix J., Ammerman, Brooke A., Ehret, Felix, Cobine, Paul A., Tan, Ene-Choo, Han, Hyemin, Xia, Wenfeng, McCrum, Christopher, Dings, Ruud P. M., Marinello, Francesco, Nilsson, Henrik, Nixon, Brett, Voskarides, Konstantinos, Yang, Long, Costa, Vincent D., Bengtsson-Palme, Johan, Bradshaw, William, Grimm, Dominik G., Kumar, Nitin, Martis, Elvis, Prieto, Daniel, Sabnis, Sandeep C., Amer, Said E. D. R., Liew, Alan W. C., Perco, Paul, Rahimi, Farid, Riva, Giuseppe, Zhang, Chongxing, Devkota, Hari P., Ogami, Koichi, Basharat, Zarrin, Fierz, Walter, Siebers, Robert, Tan, Kok-Hian, Boehme, Karen A., Brenneisen, Peter, Brown, James A. L., Dalrymple, Brian P., Harvey, David J., Ng, Grace, Werten, Sebastiaan, Bleackley, Mark, Dai, Zhanwu, Dhariwal, Raman, Gelfer, Yael, Hartmann, Marcus D., Miotla, Pawel, Tamaian, Radu, Govender, Pragashnie, Gurney-Champion, Oliver J., Kauppila, Joonas H., Zhang, Xiaolei, Echeverría, Natalia, Subhash, Santhilal, Sallmon, Hannes, Tofani, Marco, Bae, Taeok, Bosch, Oliver, Cuív, Páraic O., Danchin, Antoine, Diouf, Barthelemy, Eerola, Tuomas, Evangelou, Evangelos, Filipp, Fabian V., Klump, Hannes, Kurgan, Lukasz, Smith, Simon S., Terrier, Olivier, Tuttle, Neil, Ascher, David B., Janga, Sarath C., Schulte, Leon N., Becker, Daniel, Browngardt, Christopher, Bush, Stephen J., Gaullier, Guillaume, Ide, Kazuki, Meseko, Clement, Werner, Gijsbert D. A., Zaucha, Jan, Al-Farha, Abd A., Greenwald, Noah F., Popoola, Segun I., Rahman, Md Shaifur, Xu, Jialin, Yang, Sunny Y., Hiroi, Noboru, Alper, Ozgul M., Baker, Chris I., Bitzer, Michael, Chacko, George, Debrabant, Birgit, Dixon, Ray, Forano, Evelyne, Gilliham, Matthew, Kelly, Sarah, Klempnauer, Karl-Heinz, Lidbury, Brett A., Lin, Michael Z., Lynch, Iseult, Ma, Wujun, Maibach, Edward W., Mather, Diane E., Nandakumar, Kutty S., Ohgami, Robert S., Parchi, Piero, Tressoldi, Patrizio, Xue, Yu, Armitage, Charles, Barraud, Pierre, Chatzitheochari, Stella, Coelho, Luis P., Diao, Jiajie, Doxey, Andrew C., Hu, Pingzhao, Kaiser, Stefan, Mitchell, Kate M., Salama, Mohamed F., Shabalin, Ivan G., Song, Haijun, Stevanovic, Dejan, Yadollahpour, Ali, Zeng, Erliang, Zinke, Katharina, Alimba, C. G., Beyene, Tariku J., Cao, Zehong, Chan, Sherwin S., Gatchell, Michael, Kleppe, Andreas, Piotrowski, Marcin, Torga, Gonzalo, Woldesemayat, Adugna A., Cosacak, Mehmet I., Haston, Scott, Ross, Stephanie A., Williams, Richard, Wong, Alvin, Abramowitz, Matthew K., Effiong, Andem, Lee, Senhong, Abid, Muhammad Bilal, Agarabi, Cyrus, Alaux, Cedric, Albrecht, Dirk R., Atkins, Gerald J., Beck, Charles R., Bonvin, A. M. J. J., Bourke, Emer, Brand, Thomas, Braun, Ralf J., Bull, James A., Cardoso, Pedro, Carter, Dee, Delahay, Robin M., Ducommun, Bernard, Duijf, Pascal H. G., Epp, Trevor, Eskelinen, Eeva-Liisa, Fallah, Mazyar, Farber, Debora B., Fernandez-Triana, Jose, Feyerabend, Frank, Florio, Tullio, Friebe, Michael, Furuta, Saori, Gabrielsen, Mads, Gruber, Jens, Grybos, Malgorzata, Han, Qian, Heinrich, Michael, Helanterä, Heikki, Huber, Michael, Jeltsch, Albert, Jiang, Fan, Josse, Claire, Jurman, Giuseppe, Kamiya, Haruyuki, Keersmaecker, Kim de, Kristiansson, Erik, Leeuw, Frank-Erik de, Li, Jiuyong, Liang, Shide, Lopez-Escamez, Jose A., Lopez-Ruiz, Francisco J., Marchbank, Kevin J., Marschalek, Rolf, Martín, Carmen S., Miele, Adriana E., Montagutelli, Xavier, Morcillo, Esteban, Nicoletti, Rosario, Niehof, Monika, O’Toole, Ronan, Ohtomo, Toshihiko, Oster, Henrik, Palma, Jose-Alberto, Paterson, Russell, Peifer, Mark, Portilla, Maribel, Portillo, M. C., Pritchard, Antonia L., Pusch, Stefan, Raghava, Gajendra P. S., Roberts, Nicola J., Ross, Kehinde, Schuele, Birgitt, Sergeant, Kjell, Shen, Jun, Stella, Alessandro, Sukocheva, Olga, Uversky, Vladimir N., Vanneste, Sven, Villet, Martin H., Viveiros, Miguel, Vorholt, Julia A., Weinstock, Christof, Yamato, Masayuki, Zabetakis, Ioannis, Zhao, Xin, Ziegler, Andreas, Aizat, Wan M., Atlas, Lauren, Bridges, Kristina M., Chakraborty, Sayan, Deschodt, Mieke, Domingues, Helena S., Esfahlani, Shabnam S., Falk, Sebastian, Guisado, J. L., Kane, Nolan C., Kueberuwa, Gray, Lau, Colleen L., Liang, Dai, Liu, Enwu, Luu, Andreas M., Ma, Chuang, Ma, Lisong, Moyer, Robert, Norris, Adam D., Panthee, Suresh, Parsons, Jerod R., Peng, Yousong, Pinto, Inês Mendes, Reschke, Cristina R., Sillanpää, Elina, Stewart, Christopher J., Uhle, Florian, Yang, Hui, Zhou, Kai, Zhu, Shu, Ashry, Mohamed, Bergsland, Niels, Berthold, Maximilian, Chen, Chang-Er, Colella, Vito, Cuypers, Maarten, Eskew, Evan A., Fan, Xiao, Gajda, Maksymilian, Gonzálezlez-Prendes, Rayner, Goodin, Amie, Graham, Emily B., Groen, Ewout J. N., Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Alba, Habes, Mohamad, Heffler, Enrico, Higginbottom, Daniel B., Janzen, Thijs, Jayaraman, Jayakumar, Jibb, Lindsay A., Jongen, Stefan, Kinyanjui, Timothy, Koleva-Kolarova, Rositsa G., Li, Zhixiu, Liu, Yu-Peng, Lund, Bjarte A., Lussier, Alexandre A., Ma, Liping, Mier, Pablo, Moore, Matthew D., Nagler, Katja, Orme, Mark W., Pearson, James A., Prajapati, Anilkumar S., Saito, Yu, Tröder, Simon E., Uchendu, Florence, Verloh, Niklas, Voutchkova, Denitza D., Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Bakkach, Joaira, Baumert, Philipp, Dono, Marcos, Hanson, Jack, Herbelet, Sandrine, Hobbs, Emma, Kulkarni, Ameya, Kumar, Narendra, Liu, Siqi, Loft, Nikolai D., Reddan, Tristan, Senghore, Thomas, Vindin, Howard, Xu, Haotian, Bannon, Ross, Chen, Branson, Cheung, Johnny T. 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Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Hosp Leuven, Chongqing Med Univ, Childrens Hosp Kings Daughters, China Three Gorges Univ, and Xiangtan Univ
- Subjects
Technology and Engineering ,SCIENTIFIC SEARCH ,Expert-curated database ,Biokemia, solu- ja molekyylibiologia - Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology ,Databases ,RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Biomedical research ,benchmarking ,Biology ,GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) ,Settore MED/42 - IGIENE GENERALE E APPLICATA ,database ,Computer. Automation ,Science & Technology ,0804 Data Format ,relisch ,Scientific research in health sciences ,Mathematics and Statistics ,litearture search ,relisch , database ,biomedical research ,Biomedical literature ,Original Article ,RELISH ,Mathematical & Computational Biology ,RECOMMENDER-SYSTEMS ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Mathematics ,0807 Library and Information Studies - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-11T01:57:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-10-29 Griffith University Gowonda HPC Cluster Queensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research. 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Univ Ioannina, Med Sch, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, Ioannina, Greece Tech Univ Munich, Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Maximus von Imhof Forum 3, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany Univ Hosp Essen, Inst Transfus Med, Essen, Germany Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Comp Sci, Richmond, VA USA Univ Queensland, Inst Social Sci Res, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Lyon, Ctr Int Rech Infectiol, Lyon, France Griffith Univ, Sch Allied Hlth Sci, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia Univ Melbourne, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Parkville, Vic, Australia Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biohlth Informat, Sch Informat & Comp, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA Philipps Univ Marburg, Inst Lung Res, Marburg, Germany Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA Univ Florida, Oral Biol, Gainesville, FL USA Univ Colorado, Dept Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA Kyoto Univ, Ctr Promot Interdisciplinary Educ & Res, Kyoto, Japan Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Virus Diagnost, Greifswald, Germany Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford, England Tech Univ 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Toulouse, France ASCR, Inst Mol Genet, CZ Openscreen, Prague, Czech Republic Univ Turku, Inst Biomed, Turku, Finland York Univ, Sch Kinesiol & Hlth Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada Univ Calif Los Angeles, Stein Eye Inst, Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA USA Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa Res & Dev Ctr, Ottawa, ON, Canada Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Mat Design & Characterizat, Geesthacht, Germany Unvers Genova, Internal Med, Genoa, Italy Otto von Guericke Univ, Intelligent Catheter INKS, Magdeburg, Germany Univ Toledo, Canc Biol, 2801 W Bancroft St,Hlth Sci Campus, Toledo, OH 43606 USA CRUK Beatson Inst, Struct Biol, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland Leibniz Inst Primate Res, Med RNA Biol, Gottingen, Germany Univ Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, Limoges, France Hainan Univ, Vet Med, Haikou, Hainan, Peoples R China UCL, Sch Pharam, Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, London, England Univ Oulu, Ecol & Genet Res Unit, Oulu, Finland Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Biochem & Mol Immunol, Aachen, Germany Univ Stuttgart, Inst Biochem & Tech Biochem, Stuttgart, Germany Peking Univ, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Sch Chem Biol & Biotechnol, Shenzhen, Peoples R China GIGA Res Inst, Med Oncol, Liege, Belgium CHULiege, Liege, Belgium Fdn Bruno Kessler, MPBA, Trento, Italy Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan Univ Leuven, Oncol, Leuven, Belgium Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Math Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Nijmegen, Netherlands Univ South Australia, Sch Informat Technol & Math Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia Bio Thera Solut Ltd, Dept Computat Biol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Inst Invest Biosanitario Granada IBS, Otolaryngol, Granada, Spain Curtin Univ, Sch Mol & Life Sci, Perth, WA, Australia Newcastle Univ, Inst Cellular Med, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England Goethe Univ, Biol DCAL, Inst Pharm, Frankfurt, Germany Univ Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, Lyon, France Inst Pasteur, Dept Genomes & Genet, Paris, France Univ Valencia, Pharmacol, Valencia, Spain Council Agr Res & Econ, Res Ctr Olive Citrus & Tree Fruit, Caserta, Italy Fraunhofer Inst Toxicol & Expt Med ITEM, Preclin Pharmacol & Vitro Toxicol, Hannover, Germany Univ Tasmania, Sch Med, Hobart, Tas, Australia Chugai Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Oncol Lifecycle Management Dept, Tokyo, Japan Univ Lubeck, Inst Neurobiol, Lubeck, Germany NYU, Sch Med, Neurol, New York, NY USA Univ Putra Malaysia, Dept Plant Pathol, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia Univ N Carolina, Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA Univ Southampton, Fac Hlth Sci, Southampton, Hants, England Univ Highlands & Islands, Genet & Immunol Res Grp, Inverness, Scotland Heidelberg Univ, Inst Pathol, Heidelberg, Germany Indraprastha Inst Informat Technol, Dept Computat Biol, New Delhi, India Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Sch Hlth & Life Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland Liverpool John Moores Univ, Pharm & Biomol Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England Parkinsons Inst & Clin Ctr, Basic Res, Sunnyvale, CA USA Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol, Environm Res & Innovat, Luxembourg, Luxembourg Univ Wollongong, Sch Comp & Informat Technol, Wollongong, NSW, Australia Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Biomed Sci & Human Oncol, Bari, Italy Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Nursing & Hlth Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia Univ S Florida, Mol Med, Tampa, FL USA Univ Texas Dallas, Behav & Brain Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA Rhodes Univ, Zool & Entomol, Grahamstown, South Africa Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Higiene & Med Trop, Lisbon, Portugal Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Microbiol, Zurich, Switzerland Inst Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Serv, Immunohaematol, Ulm, Germany Tokyo Womens Med Univ, Inst Adv Biomed Engn & Sci, Tokyo, Japan Univ Limerick, Biol Sci, Limerick, Ireland McGill Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada StatSol, Lubeck, Germany Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Inst Syst Biol INBIOSIS, Bangi, Malaysia NIH, Natl Ctr Complementary & Integrat Hlth, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Family Med Res Div, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA ASTAR, Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Multimodal Mol Biol, Singapore, Singapore Univ Leuven, Dept Chron Dis Metab & Ageing, Leuven, Belgium Int Iberian Nanotechnol Lab INL, Braga, Portugal Anglia Ruskin, Comp & Technol, Cambridge, England Max Planck Inst Biochem, Struct Cell Biol, Planegg, Germany Univ Seville, Dept Comp Architecture & Technol, Seville, Spain Univ Colorado, EBIO, Boulder, CO 80309 USA Univ Manchester, Canc Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia Singapore MIT Alliance Res & Technol, Biosyst, Singapore, Singapore Australian Catholic Univ, Mary MacKillop Inst Hlth Res, Musculoskeletal Hlth & Ageing Res Program, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Ruhr Univ Bochum, Gen Surg, St Josef Hosp, Bochum, Germany Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Xianyang, Shaanxi, Peoples R China Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Plant Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia Battelle Mem Inst, Clin & Nonclin Res, Columbus, OH USA Southern Methodist Univ, Biol Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA Teikyo Univ, Inst Med Mycol, Tokyo, Japan Tempus Labs, Bioinformat, Chicago, IL USA Hunan Univ, Coll Biol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China Inst Cochin, Dept Infect Immun & Inflammat, Paris, France Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, FutureNeuro Res Ctr Physiol & Med Phys, Dublin, Ireland Univ Jyvaskyla, Gerontol Res Ctr, Jyvaskyla, Finland Heidelberg Univ, Dept Anesthesiol, Heidelberg, Germany Penn State Univ, Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, State Key Lab Microbial Resources, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Life Sci, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China Michigan State Univ, Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA SUNY Buffalo, Jacobs Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Neurol, Buffalo Neuroimaging Anal Ctr, New York, NY USA Univ Rostock, Inst Biol Sci, Rostock, Germany South China Normal Univ, Sch Environm, Environm Res Inst, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Univ Bari, Dept Vet Med, Bari, Italy Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Primary & Community Care, Nijmegen, Netherlands EcoHlth Alliance, New York, NY USA Mayo Clin, Cardiovasc Dept, Rochester, MN USA Med Univ Silesia, Sch Med Katowice, Dept Epidemiol, Katowice, Poland Univ Lleida, Anim Sci, Lleida, Spain Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Pharmaceut Outcomes & Policy, Gainesville, FL USA Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Earth & Biol Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Discovery Brain Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Harvard Med Sch, Dept Biomed Informat, Boston, MA 02115 USA Univ Penn, Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Humanitas Univ & Res Hosp, Asthma & Allergy Unit, Biomed Sci Personalized Med, Rozzano, Italy Australian Natl Univ, Dept Quantum Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Ecol Genom, Oldenburg, Germany Int Med Univ, Paediat Dent & Orthodont, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Univ Ottawa, Sch Nursing, Ottawa, ON, Canada Maastricht Univ, Dept Educ Support, Maastricht, Netherlands Univ Manchester, Math, Manchester, Lancs, England Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci & Med, Sch Populat Hlth Sci, London, England Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Harbin Med Univ, Publ Hlth Sch, Epidemiol, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Chem, Tromso, Norway Cornell Univ, Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY USA East China Normal Univ, Sch Ecol & Environm Sci, Shanghai Key Lab Urban Ecol Proc & Ecorestorat, Shanghai, Peoples R China Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Fac Biol, Mainz, Germany Univ Massachusetts, Food Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA Max Planck Inst Terr Microbiol, Complex Adapt Traits Res Grp, Marburg, Germany NIHR Biomed Res Ctr Resp, Ctr Exercise & Rehabil Sci, Leicester, Leics, England Yale Univ, Dept Internal Med, Sect Endocrinol, New Haven, CT USA Sardar Patel Univ, Dept Biosci, Anand, Gujarat, India Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo, Japan Univ Cologne, Vivo Res Facil ivRF, Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Respon, Cologne, Germany Natl Open Univ Nigeria, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Lagos, Nigeria Univ Hosp Regensburg, Dept Radiol, Regensburg, Germany Natl Univ Singapore, Geog, Singapore, Singapore Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abdelmalek Essaadi Univ, Fac Sci & Techn Tangier, Biomed Genom & Oncogenet Res Lab, Tetouan, Morocco Tech Univ Munich, Fac Sport & Hlth Sci, Exercise Biol Grp, Munich, Germany Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Psicoloxia Social Basica & Metodoloxia, Galiza, Spain Griffith Univ, Signal Proc Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Ghent, Dept Neurol, Ghent, Belgium Ghent Univ Hosp, Ghent, Belgium Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Merelbeke, Belgium Albert Einstein Coll Med, Inst Clin & Translat Res, New York, NY USA Anglia Ruskin Univ, Fac Med Sci, Cambridge, England Peking Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China Herlev & Gentofte Hosp, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Hellerup, Denmark Lady Cilento Childrens Hosp, Med Imaging & Nucl Med, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Gambia, Sch Med & Allied Hlth Sci, Nursing & Reprod Hlth, Brikama, Gambia Univ Sydney, Woolcock Inst Med Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia Wayne State Univ, Comp Sci, Detroit, MI USA Aberdeen Royal Infirm, Otolaryngol, Aberdeen, Scotland Univ Toronto, Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON, Canada Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Inst Ageing, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Emergency Med, Omaha, NE USA Univ Florida, Coll Med, Pathol, Gainesville, FL USA Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Radiat Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA Univ Pisa, Translat Res NTMS, Pisa, Italy Magna Grecia Univ, Clin & Expt Med, Catanzaro, Italy Univ Vermont, Larner Coll Med, Pediat, Burlington, VT USA Sun Yat Sen Univ, Canc Ctr, Diagnost & Intervent Ultrasound, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Fudan Univ, Inst Brain Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China Shanxi Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Jinzhong, Shanxi, Peoples R China Univ Toronto, Inst Med Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada Univ Adelaide, ARCPOH, Adelaide, SA, Australia Pelita Harapan Univ, Fac Med, Cardiol & Vasc Med, Tangerang, Indonesia Inst Mental Hlth, Res Div, Singapore, Singapore UCL, MRC Clin Trials Unit, London, England Univ Padua, Dept Philosophy Sociol Educ & Appl Psychol FISPPA, Padua, Italy Univ Lubeck, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Lubeck, Germany Dalian Univ Technol, Ctr Mol Med, Dalian, Liaoning, Peoples R China Tianjin United Family Healthcare, Reprod Med, Tianjin, Peoples R China Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Engn Quim Biol & Ambiental, Barcelona, Spain Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Anim Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Computat Biol, Canc Syst Biol, Ingolstadter Land Str 1, D-85764 Munich, Germany Univ Tokyo, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Tokyo, Japan Sao Paulo State Univ, Vet Clin, Sao Paulo, Brazil Zhejiang Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China Aarhus Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Aarhus, Denmark Univ Manchester, St Marys Hosp, Maternal & Fetal Hlth, Manchester, Lancs, England Univ New Mexico, Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA Mayo Clin, Div Biomed Stat & Informat, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA King Saud Univ, Plant Prod, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Polish Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Anim Breeding, Dept Mol Biol, Warsaw, Poland Queensland Univ Technol, Optometry & Vis Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Nottingham, Sch Life Sci, Nottingham, England Canc Council Queensland, Canc Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Umea Univ, Dept Chem, Umea, Sweden Publ Hlth England, Ctr Radiat Chem & Environm Hazards, Bristol, Avon, England Univ Campania L Vanvitelli, DISTABIF, Caserta, Italy Bartshealth, Obstet & Gyanecol, London, England Univ Clermont Auvergne, GReD Lab, Clermont Ferrand, France INRA Abeilles & Environm, Avignon, France Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth & Social Work, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Penn, Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Novosibirsk State Univ, Res Inst Physiol & Basic Med, Novosibirsk, Russia UCL, Dept Chem, London, England La Trobe Univ, Anim Plant & Soil Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Univ Arizona, Epidemiol & Biostat, Tucson, AZ USA Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, ERIBA, Groningen, Netherlands Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Radiat Phys, Gothenburg, Sweden SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Biochem & Mol Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Ctr Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Inst Environm Sci & Res ESR, Food Water & Environm Microbiol, Christchurch, New Zealand Univ Otago, Food Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand Florida Atlantic Univ, Biomed Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Hosp Wurzburg, Inst Clin Neurobiol, Wurzburg, Germany Inst Trop Med, Publ Hlth, Antwerp, Belgium Univ Thessaly, Sch Hlth Sci, Fac Med, Dept Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Larisa, Greece Univ Basel, UZB Univ Ctr Dent Med, Dept Orthodont & Pediat Dent, Basel, Switzerland Sorbonne Univ, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Inst Systemat Evolut Biodiversite ISYEB, MNHN,CNRS,UMR 7205,EPHE, Paris, France CNRS, Inst Adv Biosci, Paris, France Univ Western Australia, Sch Mol Sci, Perth, WA, Australia Univ Ft Hare, Biochem & Microbiol, Alice, South Africa Univ Tubingen, Phys, Tubingen, Germany Griffith Univ, Sch Environm & Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Philosoph Theol Hsch Vallendar, Stat & Standardised Methods, Vallendar, Germany Imperial Coll London, Life Sci, London, England Univ Adelaide, Adelaide Med Sch, Adelaide, SA, Australia Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Neurosci, Omaha, NE USA Technol Univ Dublin, FOCAS Res Inst, Dublin, Ireland INSERM, Natl Inst Hlth & Med Res, Canc Res Ctr Toulouse, Paris, France Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Bioloxia Func, Grp BRAINSHARK, Galiza, Spain Univ Nebraska, Biol, Kearney, NE USA Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain Univ Pisa, Chem & Ind Chem, Pisa, Italy Univ Manchester, Wellcome Trust Ctr Cell Matrix Res, Manchester, Lancs, England Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inst Human Genet, Montpellier, France Czech Acad Sci, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Prague, Czech Republic CSIC, Natl Ctr Biotechnol CNB, Computat Syst Biol Grp, Madrid, Spain Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Tainan, Taiwan Harvard Med Sch, Schepens Eye Res Inst, Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02115 USA Lanzhou Univ, Hosp 2, Dept Gen Surg, Lanzhou, Gansu, Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Life Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia JT Chen Clin, Gynecol, Tokyo, Japan Univ Western Australia, Sch Agr & Environm, Perth, WA, Australia Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Missouri, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Columbia, MO USA Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Dept Publ & Occupat Hlth, Amsterdam, Netherlands Semmelweis Univ, Med Biochem, Budapest, Hungary Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Dept Clin Oncol, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Pittsburgh, Chem, Pittsburgh, PA USA GB Pant Inst Post Grad Med Educ & Res, Neurol, New Delhi, India Univ Copenhagen, Vet & Anim Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Palermo, Biomed Dept Internal & Specialist Med DIBIMIS, Sect Endocrinol, Palermo, Italy UCL, NPP, London, England Univ Florida, Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL USA Univ Salford, Sch Hlth Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England Cardiff Univ, Inst Med Genet, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales INSERM, ICO Canc Ctr, Angers, France Univ Colombo, Fac Med, Microbiol, Colombo, Sri Lanka Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Sch Chinese Mat Med, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Porto, Fac Pharm, Porto, Portugal Univ Nottingham, Div Primary Care, Nottingham, England Univ Illinois, Pharm Syst Outcomes & Policy, Chicago, IL USA Pontificia Univ Catolica Goias, Escola Ciencias Agr & Biol, Goiania, Go, Brazil China Japan Friendship Hosp, Dept Oncol, Beijing, Peoples R China Boston Univ, Chem, Boston, MA 02215 USA Amer Univ, Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20016 USA Carleton Univ, Neurosci, Ottawa, ON, Canada Univ Regina, Chem & Biochem, Regina, SK, Canada Univ Montreal, 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Univ Georgia, Epidemiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA Univ Freiburg, Med Ctr, Dept Plast & Hand Surg, Freiburg, Germany Sidra Med, Res, Doha, Qatar Rostock Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Oral Maxillofacial & Plast Surg, Rostock, Germany Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA AgResearch, Forage Sci, Palmerston North, New Zealand Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med, Los Angeles, CA USA Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Virginia G Piper Ctr Personalized Diagnost, Tempe, AZ USA Sheffield Hallam Univ, Res Inst, Mat & Engn, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England Aneurin Bevan Univ Healthboard, Resp Med, Newport, Shrops, England Univ Calif San Francisco, Neurol Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA Univ Western Australia, UWA Dent Sch, Perth, WA, Australia Fordham Univ, Biol Sci, Bronx, NY 10458 USA Univ Helsinki, Inst Biotechnol, Helsinki, Finland Fujian Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Fuzhou, Fujian, Peoples R China Univ Fukui, Dept Frontier Fiber Technol & Sci, Fukui, Japan Univ Southampton, Fac Med, Clin & Expt Sci, Southampton, Hants, England Univ Urbino, Dept Biomol Sci, Urbino, Italy Osped San Luigi, Allergol Unit, Turin, Italy Muljibhai Patel Urol Hosp, Dept Urol, Nadiad, Gujarat, India Univ Granada, Stratig & Paleontol, Granada, Spain Massey Univ, Sch Vet Sci, Auckland, New Zealand CNR, High Performance Comp & Networking Inst, Naples, Italy Univ Childrens Hosp Zurich, Div Metab, Zurich, Switzerland Univ Childrens Hosp Zurich, Childrens Res Ctr, Zurich, Switzerland Univ Melbourne, Biochem & Mol Biol, Parkville, Vic, Australia Inst Pasteur, Leptospirosis Res & Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia Tsinghua Univ, Sch Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China Cheikh Anta Diop Univ UCAD, Sci Fac, Biol Anim Dept, Dakar, Senegal Providence Portland Med Ctr, Earle A Chiles Res Inst, Portland, OR USA Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lacombe Res & Dev Ctr, Lacombe, AB, Canada Alberta Innovates, Performance Management & Evaluat, Edmonton, AB, Canada Univ Malaga, CSIC, Inst Hortofruticultura Subtrop Mediterranea La Ma, IHSM,UMA, Malaga, Spain James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Cairns, Qld, Australia European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France CSIRO, Floreat, WA, Australia Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sun Yat Sen Mem Hosp, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Vanderbilt Univ, Pharmacol, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA RIKEN, KFU RIKEN Translat Genom Unit, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan Univ Tubingen, Neurobiol Vocal Commun, Tubingen, Germany Univ Colorado, UCCS Ctr Biofrontiers Inst, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA Fred Hutchinson Canc Ctr, Div Basic Sci, Seattle, WA USA Univ Geneva, Fac Med, Primary Care Unit, Geneva, Switzerland Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Dept Mol Genet & Infect Biol, Greifswald, Germany East China Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Fine Chem, Shanghai, Peoples R China Ohio State Univ, Surg, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Oragenics, R&D, Tampa, FL USA Natl Environm Agcy, Environm Hlth Inst, Singapore, Singapore Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Diagnost Virol, Greifswald, Germany Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Oncol, Woodville, SA, Australia USDA, Emerging Pests & Pathogens Res Unit, Ithaca, NY USA Univ Freiburg, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Epilepsy Ctr, Freiburg, Germany Univ Hong Kong, Fac Educ, Informat & Technol Studies, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & life Sci, Agr & Environm Biol, Tokyo, Japan Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh Heart Lung & Blood Vasc Med Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust, Directorate Transplant Renal & Urol, London, England Univ Sarajevo, Clin Ctr, Clin Heart Blood Vessel & Rheumat Dis, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg Univ Kent, Sch Math Stat & Actuarial Sci, Canterbury, Kent, England Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Life Sci & Technol, Tokyo, Japan Univ Appl Sci Munich, Laser Ctr Dept Appl Sci & Mechatron, Munich, Germany CIC NanoGUNE, Nanodevices, San Sebastian, Spain Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Gynaecol, Amsterdam, Netherlands Cardiff Univ, Med Sch, Div Populat Med, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Solna, Sweden Natl Inst Genet, Ctr Informat Biol, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan Murdoch Univ, Harry Perkins Inst Med Res, Perth, WA, Australia Univ Limerick, Phys Educ & Sport Sci, Limerick, Ireland Ruhr Univ Bochum, Campus Clin Gynecol, Univ Str, Bochum, Germany Southwest Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol & Biostat, Luzhou, Sichuan, Peoples R China Beijing Canc Hosp, Minist Educ Beijing, Key Lab Carcinogenesis & Translat Res, Ctr Mol Diagnost, Beijing, Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Herpetol Dept, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China Key Lab Nano Biol Effects & Safety, Beijing, Peoples R China NIBR, PK Sci, Basel, Switzerland Daejeon St Marys Hosp, Pain Ctr, Daejeon, South Korea Univ Western Ontario, Sch Hlth Studies, London, ON, Canada Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Psychol Grp, Aberdeen, Scotland Univ Colorado, Anesthesiol, Anschutz Med Campus, Boulder, CO 80309 USA Univ Antwerp, UZA Antwerp Univ Hosp, Crit Care Med, Edegem, Belgium Aarhus Univ Hosp, Endocrinol, Aarhus, Denmark Univ Pretoria, Ctr Transport Dev, Ind & Syst Engn, Pretoria, South Africa Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA Pontificia Univ Catolica Goias, Med Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci Sch, Goiania, Go, Brazil Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Div Cardiovasc Med, Stockholm, Sweden UCL, Clin Educ & Hlth Psychol, London, England KRIBB, Dev & Differentiat Res Ctr, Daejeon, South Korea Univ dArtois, Lab Barriere Hematoencephal, Arras, France AstraZeneca, IMED Biotech Unit, Discovery Sci, Quantitat Biol, Cambridge, England Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA Coventry Univ, Appl Maths Res Ctr, Stat Phys Grp, Coventry, W Midlands, England Wilton Ctr, Invista Performance Technol, Cleveland, England Thunen Inst Forest Genet, Genome Res, Grosshansdorf, Germany Lebanese Amer Univ, Nat Sci, Byblos, Lebanon Takeda, Evidence & Value Generat, Osaka, Japan King Abdullah Int Med 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Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Sect Periodont, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem, Aalborg, Denmark Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Pharm Practice, Manipal, Karnataka, India Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Radiol, Tokyo, Japan Cukurova Univ, Family Med, Fac Med, Adana, Turkey Catholic Univ Korea, Coll Med, Dept Humanities & Social Med, Seoul, South Korea Univ Ghent, Food Technol Safety & Hlth, Ghent, Belgium UNSW Sydney, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci BEES, Sydney, NSW, Australia St Vincent Shoulder & Sports Clin, Res Unit, Vienna, Austria Cornell Univ, Biomed Engn, Ithaca, NY USA Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK, Res Grp Bioinformat & Informat Technol, Gatersleben, Germany Univ Europea Madrid, Sch Doctoral Studies, Madrid, Spain CSIRO Mfg, Biomed Mfg, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Depaul Univ, Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60604 USA Konkuk Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Seoul, South Korea Chang Gung Univ, Grad Inst Med Mechatron, Taoyuan, Taiwan Korea Univ, 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Germany Cardiff Univ, Sch Psychol, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales Imperial Coll London, Chem Engn, London, England Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Clin Sci, Malmo, Sweden Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden Univ Cent Lancashire, Sch Pharm & Biomed Sci, Preston, Lancs, England Hosp Univ Doctor Peset, Psychiat & Clin Psychol, Valencia, Spain Ctr Biol Mol Severo Ochoa, Genome Dynam & Funct, Madrid, Spain Unvivers Hosp Lille, Dept Intens Care, Lille, France Kansai Med Univ, Surg, Osaka, Japan Univ Toulouse, Inst Natl Polytech Toulouse, Ecole Natl Super Agron Toulouse, Lab Genom & Biotechnol Fruit, Toulouse, France UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Inst Psychol, Tromsto, Norway Queens Univ, Ctr Publ Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland Univ Manchester, Ctr Primary Care & Hlth Serv Res, Manchester, Lancs, England Griffith Univ, Menzies Hlth Inst, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia Anglia Ruskin Univ, FHSCE, Cambridge, England Univ Lleida, Dept Expt Med, Lleida, Spain NIEHS, Biomol Screening Branch, Div Natl Toxicol Program, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA Albany Med Coll, Immunol & Microbial Dis, Albany, NY 12208 USA Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Kent, Sch Biosci, Canterbury, Kent, England Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, INSERM, LNC, UMR 1231, Besancon, France Ritsumeikan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Dept Biotechnol, Shiga, Japan Kent State Univ, Biol Sci, Kent, OH 44242 USA Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Safety Res Blood & Biol Prod, Tokyo, Japan European Inst Marine Studies, Lab Microbiol Extreme Environm, Plouzane, France Univ Iowa, Dept Pharmacol, Roy J & Lucille A Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA Natl Univ Singapore, Biol Sci, Singapore, Singapore Conservatoire Natl Arts & Metiers, Lab GBA, EA4627, Paris, France Univ Michigan, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Belozersky Inst Physicochem Biol, Moscow, Russia Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biol, Tokyo, Japan Univ South Wales, Genom & Computat Biol, Treforest, Wales Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC USA Univ Technol Sydney, Climate Change Cluster, Sydney, NSW, Australia Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan Western Sydney Univ, Sch Sci & Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia TEI Epirus, Dept Speech & Language Therapy, Ioannina, Greece Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Orthopaed Surg, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA Oniris, Vet Pathol, Nantes, France Royal Vet Coll, Pathobiol & Populat Sci, Hatfield, Herts, England Univ Ghent, Lab Pharmaceut Biotechnol, Ghent, Belgium Norwegian Inst Nat Res, Terr Ecol, Trondheim, Norway Univ Calif Merced, Mol & Cell Biol, Merced, CA USA Univ Dublin, Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Engn, Ctr Transport Res, Dublin, Ireland Lund Univ, Inst Clin Sci, Nephrol, Malmo, Sweden Univ Birmingham, Mech Engn, Birmingham, W Midlands, England Lund Univ, Inst Clin Sci, OB GYN, Lund, Sweden Fdn Jimenez Diaz Hosp, Nephrol & Hypertens, Madrid, Spain Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Chem Phys & Mech Engn, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Otto von Guericke Univ, Psychol, Magdeburg, Germany Univ Med Ctr Gottingen, Dept Expt Neurodegenerat, Gottingen, Germany Harvard Med Sch, Spaulding Rehabil Hosp, Phys Med & Rehabil, Boston, MA 02115 USA Quadram Inst Biosci, Sci Operat, Norwich, Norfolk, England Ostbayer Tech Hsch Regensburg OTH Regensburg, Regensburg Med Image Comp ReMIC, Regensburg, Germany Deakin Univ, Fac Arts & Educ, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Coventry, W Midlands, England INSERM, Natl Inst Hlth & Med Res, Biochem & Mol Biol, Paris, France Univ Liege, Tax Inst, Liege, Belgium Univ Leeds, Sch Mol & Cellular Biol, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England IRCCS Ist Giannina Gaslini, UOC Genet Med, Genoa, Italy Res Diets Inc, Sci, New Brunswick, NJ USA Univ Perugia, Dept Phys & Geol, Perugia, Italy Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Cellular Immunol, Bethesda, MD USA Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Biol Sci Ctr, Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol Dept, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Univ Edinburgh, Royal Infirm, Ctr Liver & Digest Disorders, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Orion Pharma, Crit Care Proprietary Prod Div, Espoo, Finland MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA Univ Turin, Dept Vet Sci, Turin, Italy Univ G dAnnunzio, Dept Psychol Hlth & Territorial Sci, Chieti, Italy NYU, Sch Med, OB GYN, New York, NY USA Univ Glasgow, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland Univ Turku, Dept Biol, Turku, Finland Tech Univ Berlin, Bioanalyt, Berlin, Germany Univ Goettingen, Inst Phys Biophys 3, Gottingen, Germany Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Inst Appl Canc Sci, Translat Res Adv Therapeut & Innovat Oncol TRACTI, Houston, TX 77030 USA Univ Liege, Life Sci, Liege, Belgium Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Med Sci, Dept Toxicol, Tehran, Iran ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA Univ Regensburg, RCI Regensburg Ctr Intervent Immunol, Regensburg, Germany Univ Nottingham, Sch Psychol, Nottingham, England NIH, Pathol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA Univ Carlos III Madrid, Elect Engn, Madrid, Spain Inst Med Mol, Chem Biol, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Costa Rica, CIET, San Jose, Costa Rica Univ Stavanger, Fac Hlth Sci, Stavanger, Norway Erasmus MC, Urol, Rotterdam, Netherlands Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biol Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland German Res Ctr Environm Hlth GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol IBIS, Ingolstadter Landstr 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, Leiden, Netherlands Univ Vienna, Nutr Sci, Vienna, Austria Kolling Inst Med Res, Med, St Leonards, NSW, Australia Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Biol Chem, Baltimore, MD USA Univ Montreal, Med Nutr & Microbiome Lab, Montreal, PQ, Canada GlaxoSmithKline, Cell & Gene Therapy, Stevenage, Herts, England Univ Trieste, Life Sci, Trieste, Italy Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Radiol, Aachen, Germany Univ Duisburg Essen, Univ Hosp Essen, West German Canc Ctr, Dept Med Oncol, Essen, Germany Med Univ Vienna, Obstet & 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Pittsburgh, PA USA Univ Lausanne, Ctr Integrat Genom, Lausanne, Switzerland Univ Queensland, Sch Pharm, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat, Genebank, Gatersleben, Germany Piramal Imaging, Res & Dev, Berlin, Germany Univ Leeds, Civil Engn, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England Univ Missouri, Chem & Biochem, St Louis, MO 63121 USA US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA Ajinomoto Genet Res Inst, Moscow, Russia Jagiellonian Univ, Fac Biochem Biophys & Biotechnol, Dept Plant Biotechnol, Krakow, Poland Univ Puerto Rico, Engn Sci & Mat, Mayaguez, PR USA Univ Regina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Regina, SK, Canada Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA Univ Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast Mind & Neurosci Thompson Inst, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Beijing, Peoples R China Griffith Univ, Griffith Ctr Social & Cultural Res, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging Canc, Dept Mol Oncol, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan Indiana Univ, Comp Sci, Bloomington, IN USA Fukushima Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pulm Med, Fukushima, Japan MEDIVIR AB, Biol, Huddinge, Sweden Western Sydney Univ, Neuroimmunol, Sydney, NSW, Australia Univ Jordan, Nutr & Food Technol, Amman, Jordan Thunen Inst Forest Genet, Fed Res Ctr Rura Areas Forestry & Fisheries, Inst Biodivers, Grosshansdorf, Germany Univ Edinburgh, Inst Cell Biol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Integrat Physiol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Univ Toronto, Struct Genom Consortium, Toronto, ON, Canada Canadian Mem Chiropract Coll, Grad Educ & Res, Toronto, ON, Canada Agilent Technol, R&D, Leuven, Belgium Univ British Columbia, Sch Nursing, Vancouver, BC, Canada Monash Univ, Monash Hlth, Sch Clin Sci, Stroke & Ageing Res,Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia French Natl Canc Inst, Innovat, Transfer, Biol, Boulogne, France Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Phys Chem, NanoBioSci, Munich, Germany Bandung Inst Technol, Sch Pharm, Med Chem, Bandung, Indonesia Univ Luxembourg, Life Sci Res Unit, Luxembourg, Luxembourg Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Malmo, Sweden Millennium Hlth, Translat Genet, San Diego, CA USA Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Med Dept 2, Clin Res & Evidence Based Med Unit, Thessaloniki, Greece Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Piotrkow Trybunalski Branch, Dept Psychol, Kielce, Poland McMaster Univ, Engn Phys, Hamilton, ON, Canada Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm Sci, Ancona, Italy Kuwait Univ, Fac Med, Microbiol, Kuwait, Kuwait Fujita Hlth Univ, Dept Breast Surg, Toyoake, Aich, Japan North West Reg Spinal Injuries Ctr, Spinal Injuries Ctr, Southport, Merseyside, England Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Competence Ctr Methodol & Stat, Luxembourg, Luxembourg Nestle Inst Hlth Sci SA, Metab Hlth, Ecublens, Vaud, Switzerland Ctr Inflammat Res VIB, Ghent, Belgium Univ Ghent, Dept Biomed Mol Biol, Ghent, Belgium Univ Lisbon, Inst Educ, Curriculo Formacao Prof & Tecnol, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Inflammat Res, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, Parkville, Vic, Australia Northumbria Univ, Comp & Informat Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England Univ Valencia, Endocrinol, Valencia, Spain INRS, Inst Armand Frappier, Laval, PQ, Canada Univ Laval, INAF, Sch Nutr, Quebec City, PQ, Canada Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, Constance, Germany Univ Cote dAzur, LAMHESS, Nice, France Scion, Syst Ecol, Christchurch, New Zealand CUNY, Grad Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Policy, Epidemiol & Biostat, New York, NY 10021 USA Univ Queensland, Sch Dent, Brisbane, Qld, Australia George Inst Global Hlth, Renal & Metab Div, Sydney, NSW, Australia Wuhan Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China Griffith Univ, Sch Environm & Sci, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia Univ Minnesota, Radiat Oncol, Minneapolis, MN USA Goethe Univ, Fac Med, Frankfurt, Germany Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Dept & Grad Sch Safety & Environm Engn, Touliu, Yunlin, Taiwan Massey Univ, Sch Sport Exercise & Nutr, Auckland, New Zealand Univ Florida, Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA Bournemouth Univ, Dept Psychol, Poole, Dorset, England Robert Koch Inst, Project Grp P2, Berlin, Germany Univ Edinburgh, MRC Inst Genet & Mol Med, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Univ Basel, Biozentrum, Basel, Switzerland Univ Wollongong, Sch Med, Wollongong, NSW, Australia Univ Cologne, Inst Human Genet, Cologne, Germany Rural Econ Branch, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA Uivers Bordeaux, CNRS, Inst Neurosci Cognit & Integrat Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA Univ Calif Riverside, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA Mackay Med Coll, Dept Med, New Taipei, Taiwan Univ Bern, Div Anim Welf, Bern, Switzerland Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Portland, OR 97201 USA Shanghai Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Interdisciplinary Med Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China McMaster Univ, Biol, Hamilton, ON, Canada Univ S Florida, Dept Cell Biol Microbiol & Mol Biol, Tampa, FL USA Hacettepe Univ, Inst Canc, Med Oncol, Ankara, Turkey City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Elect Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Entomol, Taipei, Taiwan Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Environm & Sustainable Dev Agr, Ecol Secur, Beijing, Peoples R China Florida State Univ, Inst Mol Biophys, Chem & Biochem, Tallahassee, FL USA Peking Univ, Shenzhen Grad Sch, State Key Lab Chem Oncogen, Lab Computat Chem & Drug Design, Shenzhen, Peoples R China Univ Helsinki, Fac Pharm, Div Pharmaceut Chem & Technol, Drug Res Program, Helsinki, Finland Tohoku Univ, Microbial Biotechnol, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan Tianjin Med Univ, Sch Basical Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Tianjin, Peoples R China Dana Farber Canc Inst, Biostat & Computat Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA Natl Hlth Res Inst, Inst Mol & Genom Med, Zhunan, Taiwan Univ Oxford, Physiol Anat & Genet, Oxford, England George Washington Univ, Phys, Washington, DC USA Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE USA Toronto Gen Hosp, Res Inst, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON, Canada Univ Texas Dallas, Biol Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA NYU, Dept Chem, New York, NY USA Shandong Univ, Sch Math & Stat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China Purdue Univ, Med Chem & Mol Pharmacol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA NIBSC, Adv Therapies, Ridge, Herts, England Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ruijin Hosp, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China Charite Med Univ Berlin, Dermatol & Allergy, Berlin, Germany Univ Hosp St Etienne, Hematol, St Etienne, France Inland Norway Univ Appl Sci, Inst Biotechnol, Elverum, Norway Univ Jordan, Pediat, Amman, Jordan Inst Pasteur, Mol Mycol Unit, Paris, France Cardiff Univ, Sch Med, Inst Psychol Med & Clin Neurosci, Med Res Council Ctr Neuropsychiat Genet & Genom, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales Zurich Univ Appl Sci, Social Work, Zurich, Switzerland Jawaharlal Nehru Univ, Sch Life Sci, New Delhi, India Univ Burgundy Franche Comte, LE2I, Dijon, France Univ Roehampton, Life Sci, London, England Ghent Univ Hosp, Gen & HPB Surg, Ghent, Belgium Univ Wurzburg, Insect Fungus Symbiosis Lab, Wurzburg, Germany Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Behav Sci Inst, Nijmegen, Netherlands Fraunhofer WKI, Applicat Ctr HOFZET, Hannover, Germany UCL, Struct & Mol Biol, London, England Univ Amsterdam, Dev Psychol, Amsterdam, Netherlands Aalborg Univ, Hlth Sci & Technol, CNAP, SMI, Aalborg, Denmark VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equity Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Data & Comp Sci, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Dezhou Univ, Shandong Prov Key Lab Biophys, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Maison Teledetection, Inst Rech Dev, UMR Espace DEv, Montpellier, France Xiamen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Jinling Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Kidney Dis,Dept Med Imaging, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China Univ Kent, Sch Social Policy Sociol & Social Res, Canterbury, Kent, England Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Infect Dis & Trop Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Univ Minho, Sch Med, Life & Hlth Sci Res Inst ICVS, Braga, Portugal Univ Montreal, Biochim & Med Mol, Montreal, PQ, Canada Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA Max Planck Inst Biol Ageing, Metab & Genet Regulat Ageing, Cologne, Germany Univ Swaziland, Hlth Sci, Kwaluseni, Eswatini Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Ctr Sci Monaco, Dept Biol Med, Monaco, Monaco HELIOS Hosp, Urol, Bad Saarow Pieskow, Germany Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Microbiol, Braunschweig, Germany Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Ctr Maternal Fetal & Neonatal Med, Fetal i D Fetal Med Res Ctr, IDIBAPS BCNatal,Hosp Clin, Barcelona, Spain Univ Barcelona, Hosp St Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Bacterial Infect & Zoonoses, Jena, Germany Charite Med Univ Berlin, Neurol, Berlin, Germany Dublin City Univ, Natl Inst Cellular Biotechnol, Mol Therapeut Canc Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Schoen Clin Roseneck, Prien Am Chiemsee, Germany Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Inst Sex Res & Forens Psychiat, Hamburg, Germany Nankai Univ, Sch Math Sci, Tianjin, Peoples R China Nankai Univ, LPMC, Tianjin, Peoples R China Univ Oxford, Oncol, Oxford, England Royal Holloway Univ London, Class, Egham, Surrey, England Cornell Univ, Clin Sci, Ithaca, NY USA Univ KwaZulu Natal, Pharmaceut Chem, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Med, Dublin, Ireland Univ Oslo, Dept Immunol, Oslo, Norway Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, Marine Nitrogen Cycling Lab, St Georges, Bermuda Kanazawa Univ, Inst Liberal Arts & Sci, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan World Hlth Org Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo Univ Hosp BesanCon, Infect Control Dept, Besancon, France Galapagos NV, Clin Dev, Mechelen, Belgium Univ Tasmania, Integrated Marine Observing Syst, Hobart, Tas, Australia Georg August Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Dept Systemat Biodivers & Evolut Plants, Gottingen, Germany Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Psychiat, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan IMDEA Food, Program Precis Nutr & Aging, Madrid, Spain Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Sch, IQHealthcare, Nijmegen, Netherlands Maastricht Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Maastricht, Netherlands German Diabet Ctr, Inst Clin Biochem & Pathobiochem, Dusseldorf, Germany Juntendo Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Tokyo, Japan Deakin Univ, Sch Informat Technol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Max Planck Inst Eusenforschung, Dept Interface Chem & Surface Sci, Dusseldorf, Germany Edge Hill Univ, Dept Psychol, Ormskirk, England Aga Khan Univ, Psychiat, Karachi, Pakistan KRIBB, Korean Bioinformat Ctr, Seoul, South Korea Cardinal Hlth Specialty Solut, Hlth Econ & Outcomes Res, Dallas, TX USA Klinikum Univ Munchen, Div Clin Pharmacol, Munich, Germany Univ Pittsburgh, Neurol Surg, Pittsburgh, PA USA Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychosomat & Ps, Aachen, Germany Univ Copenhagen, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Copenhagen, Denmark St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Struct Biol, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA Royal Shrewsbury Hosp, Colorectal Surg, Shrewsbury, Salop, England Univ Nottingham, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Nottingham, England Karolinska Inst, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Solna, Sweden Chinese Acad Sci, Changchun Inst Appl Chem, State Key Lab Electroanalyt Chem, Jilin, Jilin, Peoples R China Univ British Columbia, Pediat, Vancouver, BC, Canada Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Cotton Biol, Res Base Anyang Inst Technol, Cotton Germplasm Resources,Inst Cotton Res, Beijing, Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Anaesthesia & Intens Care, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Macau, ICMS, Zhuhai, Guangdong, Peoples R China North China Elect Power Univ, Sch Renewable Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China Justus Liegbig Univ, Dept Internal Med, Giessen, Germany Aarhus Univ, Biosci, Aarhus, Denmark Univ Dublin, Trinity Coll Dublin, Irish Longitudinal Study Ageing TILDA, Dublin, Ireland Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Hematol, Groningen, Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Child Neurol, Amsterdam, Netherlands EBI, EMBL, Cambridge, England Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, HGF MPG Joint Res Grp Deep Sea Ecol & Technol, Bremen, Germany Max Planck Inst Human Dev, Ctr Adapt Rat, Berlin, Germany King Faisal Univ, Math, Al Hufuf, Saudi Arabia Griffith Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia Iowa State Univ, Roy J Carver Dept Biochemsitry Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA USA Delft Univ Technol, Fac Mech Maritime & Mat Engn, Engn Thermodynam Proc & Energy Dept, Leeghwaterstr 39, NL-2628 CB Delft, Netherlands Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Coll Allied Hlth Profess, Cytotechnol Educ, Omaha, NE USA Shinko Mem Hosp, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan Imperial Coll London, Mat, London, England Tech Univ Munich, Dept Surg, Munich, Germany Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Res Inst Pomol, Minist Agr, Lab Qual & Safety Risk Assessment Fruit Xingcheng, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China James Madison Univ, Commun Sci & Disorders, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA Univ Hosp Ulm, Inst Orthopaed Res & Biomech, Ulm, Germany Univ Essex, Sch Hlth & Social Care, Colchester, Essex, England Alpha Altis, Res Serv, Nottingham, England Erasmus MC, Med Oncol, Rotterdam, Netherlands Fed Univ Oye, Dept Ind Chem, Ekiti, Nigeria Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Cell Biol, Durham, NC USA Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, Oxford, England Univ Manchester, Canc Res UK Manchester Inst, Manchester, Lancs, England Helsinki Univ Hosp, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland Univ Aveiro, CESAM Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Dept Biol, Aveiro, Portugal Univ Botswana, Psychol, Gaborone, Botswana Univ Fed Bahia, Nursing Sch, Salvador, BA, Brazil Queen Mary Univ London, Biol & Expt Psychol, London, England Natl Univ Pharm, Med Chem Dept, Kharkov, Ukraine Univ Bolton, Dept Educ & Psychol, Bolton, England La Trobe Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Gen Hosp Northern Theater Command, Dept Gastroenterol, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China Doctors Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Athens, Greece Univ Hosp Essen, Pediat 3, Essen, Germany Imperial Coll London, Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England Sorbonne Univ, Dept Psychiat, Paris, France UNSW Sydney, Educ, Sydney, NSW, Australia Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Hannover Med Sch, Clin Laryngol Rhinol & Otol, Hannover, Germany Curtin Univ, Ctr Aboriginal Studies, Perth, WA, Australia Iran Univ Sci & Technol, Biomed Engn Dept, Tehran, Iran Univ Calif San Francisco, Anesthesiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA Khalifa Univ Sci & Technol, Mech Engn, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates Univ Florida, Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL USA James Cook Univ, Australian Inst Trop Hlth & Med, Ctr Biodiscovery & Mol Dev Therapeut, Cairns, Qld, Australia Univ Porto, Fac Med, CINTESIS, Porto, Portugal Shaoxing Peoples Hosp, Med Res Ctr, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Peoples R China NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA AIIMS, Dept Biotechnol, New Delhi, India Univ Ottawa, Biochem Microbiol & Immunol, Ottawa, ON, Canada Univ Oslo, Inst Clin Med, Div Mental Hlth & Addict, Oslo, Norway Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Radiol, Groningen, Netherlands Univ Hong Kong, Sch Nursing, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Tokyo Med Univ, Ibaraki Med Ctr, Urol, Tokyo, Japan Univ Hosp Zurich, Dept Radiat Oncol, Zurich, Switzerland Univ Maryland, Inst Human Virol, Div Immunotherapy, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA Univ Maryland, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA Stellenbosch Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Div Mol Biol & Human Genet, Stellenbosch, South Africa China Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Suita, Osaka, Japan Univ Washington, Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Biosci & BioResources, Naples, Italy Univ Lyon, Phys, Lyon, France Univ Basel, Fac Psychol, Ctr Social Psychol, Basel, Switzerland Queen Mary Univ London, Barts Canc Inst, Ctr Mol Oncol, London, England EBI, EMBL, Samples Phenotypes & Ontol Team, Cambridge, England Charles Sturt Univ, Fac Arts & Educ, Bathurst, NSW, Australia Shandong Univ, Helmholtz Inst Biotechnol, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Microbial Technol, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China Shantou Univ, Dept Biol, Shantou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Shanxi Univ, Inst Biomed Sci, Taiyuan, Shanxi, Peoples R China St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Computat Biol, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA Harbin Med Univ, Coll Bioinformat Sci & Technol, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China NIH, Radiol & Imaging Sci, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA XtalPi Inc, Cambridge, MA USA Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Partner Inst Max Planck Soc, Inst Invest Biomed Buenos Aires IBioBA, Bioinformat, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Univ Sydney, Save Sight Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia Univ South Australia, Canc Res Inst, Australian Ctr Precis Hlth, Adelaide, SA, Australia Jinan Univ, Inst Life & Hlth Engn, Guangdong Higher Educ Inst, Key Lab Funct Prot Res, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA Weill Cornell Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New York, NY USA Guangdong Inst Appl Biol Resources, Biotechnol Lab, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Shandong Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China Shandong Univ, Life Sci Dept, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China South China Agr Univ, Integrat Microbiol Res Ctr, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Liaoning Acad Agr Sci, Crop Mol Improving Lab, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China Lawson Hlth Res Inst, Med Biophys, London, ON, Canada Univ Melbourne, Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic, Australia Univ Canberra, Fac Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England Emory Univ, Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA Nottingham Trent Univ, Sch Anim Rural & Environm Sci, Nottingham, England Univ Exeter, Biosci, Exeter, Devon, England Hillingdon Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, London, England Univ Glasgow, MRC CSO Social & Publ Hlth Sci Unit, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Evaggelismos Athens Hosp, ICU, Athens, Greece Univ Newcastle, Biol Sci, Callaghan, NSW, Australia Coventry Univ, Fac Hlth & Life Sci, Ctr Innovat Res Life Course, Coventry, W Midlands, England Lausanne Univ Hosp, Serv Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Lausanne, Switzerland Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Community Hlth, Bathurst, NSW, Australia Queens Univ Belfast, Inst Global Food Secur, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland Natl Univ Singapore, Inst Policy Studies, Singapore, Singapore Univ Penn, Intitute Med & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Cold Spring Harbor Lab, POB 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA Univ Michigan, EECS, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Univ British Columbia, Ctr Blood Res, Vancouver, BC, Canada UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Hlth & Care Sci, Fac Hlth Sci, Tromso, Norway Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Physiotherapy, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Paris 05, Med Sch, Paris, France Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Ghent, Expt Clin & Hlth Psychol, Ghent, Belgium Indian Inst Adv Res, Bioinformat & Struct Biol, Gandhinagar, Gujart, India Bambino Ges Childrens Res Hosp, Lab Mol Med, Rome, Italy Heidelberg Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Parasitol, Heidelberg, Germany Stanford Univ, Elect Engn, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Univ Cadiz, Biol, Andalucia, Spain Mansoura Univ Hosp, Gen Surg, Mansoura, Egypt Inst Pasteur, Virol Pole, Dakar, Senegal Cardiff Univ, Div Canc & Genet, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales Ctr Expertise & Biol Diagnost Cameroon, Food Safety & Environm Microbiol, Yaounde, Cameroon Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Thin Films & Photovolta, Dubendorf, Switzerland Assiut Univ, Assiut Urol & Nephrol Hosp, Fac Med, Assiut, Egypt UCL, GEE, London, England UCL, IHA, London, England Univ Derby, Univ Derby Online Learning, Derby, England SUNY Stony Brook, Family Populat & Prevent Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Mol Med Div, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Newcastle Univ, Northern Inst Canc Res, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis, Clin Dementia Res, Bonn, Germany Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, UMR 7144, Stn Biol, Paris, France Univ Barcelona, Odontoestomatol, Barcelona, Spain Janelia Res Campus, Comp Sci, Ashburn, VA USA Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England Univ Bern, ARTORG Ctr Biomed Engn Res, Bern, Switzerland Australian Natl Univ, Eccles Inst Neurosci, John Curtain Sch Med Res, Canberra, ACT, Australia John Innes Ctr, Metab Biol, Norwich, Norfolk, England USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA Med Univ Graz, Inst Med Informat Stat & Documentat, Holzinger Grp, Graz, Austria Ajou Univ, Pharm, Suwon, South Korea City Univ Hong Kong, Sch Energy & Environm, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ British Columbia, Sch Kinseiol, Vancouver, BC, Canada Univ Copenhagen, Marine Biol Sect, Dept Biol, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Vienna, Dept Commun, Vienna, Austria Univ Dundee, Sch Social Sci, Dundee, Scotland Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Bot, Dresden, Germany Univ Oxford, Div Struct Biol, Oxford, England Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Med, Singapore, Singapore Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch, New Zealand Univ Hosp Southern Denmark, Focused Res Unit Mol Diagnost & Clin Res, Odense, Denmark Univ Oxford, Primary Care Hlth Sci, Oxford, England Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA Adnan Menderes Univ Aydin, Fac Nursing, Dept Publ Hlth Nursing, Aydin, Turkey Oasi Res Inst IRCCS, Dept Neurol IC, Troina, Italy Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA Kings Coll London, Kings Ctr Mil Hlth Res, London, England LSHTM, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England Leibniz Univ Hannover, BMWZ Organ Chem, Hannover, Germany Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Basic Med Sci, Dept Physiol & Pathophysiol, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China Univ South Australia, Sch Pharm & Med Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Phys Educ, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Southern Med Univ, Nanfang Hosp, Dept Oncol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Stanford Univ, Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Shenzhen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Shenzhen Peoples Hosp 2, Inst Translat Med, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China UCL, Dept Mech Engn, London, England ASTAR, Singapore Immunol Network, Lab Microbial Immun, Singapore, Singapore Cent South Univ, State Key Lab Powder Met, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China Univ Aberdeen, Inst Appl Hlth Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland Univ Bridgeport, Biomed Engn, Bridgeport, CT 06601 USA Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Pharmaceut Sci, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA Univ Montana, Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA Univ Goettingen, Dept Syst Neurosci, Gottingen, Germany NHLBI, Lab Syst Genet, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA Cleveland Clin, Lou Ruvo Ctr Brain Hlth, Imaging, Las Vegas, NV USA Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Nursing & Hlth Sci, Nutr & Dietet, Adelaide, SA, Australia Univ Padua, Dept Math, Padua, Italy Lund Univ, Fac Law, Lund, Sweden Univ Gothenburg, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Gothenburg, Sweden NARO, Kachwekano Zardi, Entebbe, Uganda Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Bachelor Program Interdisciplinary Studies, Touliu, Yunlin, Taiwan Aarhus Univ, Dept Biomed, Danish Res Inst Translat Neurosci DANDRITE, Aarhus, Denmark Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Math & Comp Sci, Maputo, Mozambique Univ Bern, Dept Old Age Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland RAS, Inst Cytol, Lab Cytol Unicellular Organisms, St Petersburg, Russia Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Queensland, Queensland Alliance Agr & Food Innovat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Fraunhofer Inst Toxicol & Expt Med ITEM, Inhalat Toxicol, Hannover, Germany Univ Hong Kong, Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Hlth Network, Anesthesia & Pain Med, Toronto, ON, Canada Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Univ Bath, Dept Hlth, Bath, Avon, England Univ Copenhagen, Computat & RNA Biol, Copenhagen, Denmark Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS, Canada Goethe Univ, CEF MC, BMLS, Phys Biol, Frankfurt, Germany Albert Einstein Coll Med, Anat & Struct Biol, New York, NY USA Queensland Govt, Dept Environm & Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Uppsala Univ, Vasc Surg Sect, Dept Surg Sci, Uppsala, Sweden Childrens Canc Hosp, Res, Cairo, Egypt Leibniz Inst Nat Prod Res & Infect Biol, Bio Pilot Plant, Jena, Germany Duy Tan Univ, Inst Res & Dev, Da Nang, Vietnam Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Life Sci HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland Univ Queensland, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, Brisbane, Qld, Australia George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia Griffith Univ, Griffith Inst Drug Discovery, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Dezhou Univ, Coll Phys & Elect Informat, Shandong Prov Key Lab Biophys, Dezhou, Peoples R China Henan Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China Univ Tokyo, Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA Beijing Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing, Peoples R China Minist Hlth, Key Lab Neonatal Dis, Shanghai, Peoples R China Covenant Univ, Dept Phys, Ota, Nigeria Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Phys Therapy & Hlth Rehabil, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia Lund Univ, Cognit Sci, Malmo, Sweden Natl Open Univ Nigeria, Dept Publ & Environm Hlth, Abuja, Nigeria Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Lab Sci & Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Sydney, Sch Publ Hlth, Menzies Ctr Hlth Policy, Sydney, NSW, Australia Univ Auckland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auckland, New Zealand Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Res Ctr TCM Informat Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China Osped Niguarda Ca Granda, Cardiac Surg, Milan, Italy Univ Vet Med, Clin Horses, Hannover, Germany Harbin Med Univ, Lab Med Genet, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Psychol, Saskatoon, SK, Canada Univ Coimbra, Ctr Studies Geog & Spatial Planning CEGOT, Coimbra, Portugal Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Epidemiol, Groningen, Netherlands South Cent High Specialty Hosp, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, Pemex, Mexico Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Engn, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China Curtin Univ, Natl Drug Res Inst, Perth, WA, Australia Wageningen Bioveterinary Res, Bacteriol & Epidemiol, Lelystad, Netherlands Guangdong Second Prov Gen Hosp, Dept Rheumatol & Immunol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Erasmus MC, Biomed Rngineering, Rotterdam, Netherlands Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Biomed & Hlth Sci, Hiroshima, Japan Univ Iceland, Sch Hlth Sci, Reykjavik, Iceland Ohio State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Kathmandu Univ, Sch Med Sci, Dept Physiotherapy, Dhulikhel, Nepal Univ Queensland, Sch Biomed Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Fraunhofer MEVIS, Image Guided Therapies, Bremen, Germany Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Haematol Oncol, Singapore, Singapore Sun Yat Sen Univ, Canc Ctr, Breast Oncol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Med Coll Wisconsin, Pharmacol & Toxicol, Wauwatosa, WI USA Queensland Univ Technol, Sci & Engn Fac, Sch Chem Phys & Mech Engn, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Univ Turin, Dept Mol Biotechnol & Hlth Sci, Turin, Italy Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Rehabil, Physiotherapy Dept, Tehran, Iran Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, Helsinki, Finland Univ Messina, Human Pathol, Messina, Italy AO Papardo Hosp Messina, Messina, Italy Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Inst Child Hlth, Ibadan, Nigeria King Faisal Univ, Coll Med, Fac Ophthalmol, Al Hasa, Saudi Arabia Univ Stirling, Inst Social Mkt, Stirling, Scotland Saveh Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Saveh, Iran Gakujutsu Shien Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China Univ Plymouth, Med Sch, Plymouth, Devon, England CHU Toulouse, Immunol, Toulouse, France Azorean Biodivers Grp, Ctr Ecol Evolut & Environm Changes, Azores, Portugal Univ Acores, Azores, Portugal RIKEN, Ctr Integrat Med Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China Chang Gung Univ, Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Neurol, Linkou Med Ctr, Taoyuan, Taiwan Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Taoyuan, Taiwan Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Biomed Sci Dept, Blantyre, Malawi Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Pharm Dept, Blantyre, Malawi Bioself Commun, Biocurat, Marseille, France Peking Univ, Hosp 3, Dept Neurol, Beijing, Peoples R China Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Basic Clin Sci, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Zaria, Nigeria Dalhousie Univ, Dept Anesthesia Pain Management & Perioperat Med, Halifax, NS, Canada VisMederi Srl, Siena, Italy UCL, Canc Res UK, London, England UCL, UCL Canc Trials Ctr, London, England Univ Ottawa, Family Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China Leiden Univ, Leiden Acad Ctr Drug Res, Div Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden, Netherlands Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Intervent Radiol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China Amer Univ Beirut, Med Ctr, Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon Sheffield Hallam Univ, Dept Social Work Social Care & Community Studies, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England Mechnikov Res Inst Vaccines & Sera, Viral Hepatitis, Moscow, Russia Univ Ottawa, Pediat, Ottawa, ON, Canada Vreden Russian Res Inst Traumatol & Orthopaed, Dept Wound Infect Treatment & Prevent, St Petersburg, Russia Hangzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept TB Control & Prevent, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China Kaohsiung Med Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Zoetis, Diagnost, Kalamazoo, MI USA Aintree Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Head & Neck Oncol Res, Liverpool, Merseyside, England Wrightington Hosp, Trauma & Orthopaed, Manchester, Lancs, England Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153 USA Atkins Vet Serv, Microbiol, Calgary, AB, Canada Univ Porto, FADEUP, CIAFEL, Porto, Portugal Natl Univ Singapore, Saw Swee Hock Sch Publ Hlth, Singapore, Singapore Kangwon Natl Univ, Coll Biotechnol & Biosci, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Chunchon, South Korea Kakatiya Med Coll, Internal Med, Warangal, Telangana, India Univ Antioquia, Vet Med Sch, CIBAV Res Grp, Medellin, Colombia IISER, Dept Phys, Soft & Act Matter Grp, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India Univ Rosario, Sch Med & Hlth, Ctr Studies Phys Activ Measurements, Bogota, Colombia Univ Hosp Essen, Cardiol & Vasc Med, Essen, Germany Univ Hosp Basel, Endocrinol, Basel, Switzerland Univ Tubingen, Inst Med Genet & Appl Genom, Tubingen, Germany Univ Hosp Munster, Div Gen Internal Med Nephrol & Rheumatolog, Dept Med D, Munster, Germany Univ Kentucky, Dept Nephrol, Lexington, KY USA Univ Freiburg, Dept Anaesthesiol & Crit Care, Med Ctr, Freiburg, Germany Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Orange, CA 92668 USA Univ Hosp Leuven, Dept Urol, Leuven, Belgium Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Florida, Orthopaed & Rehabil, Gainesville, FL USA Chongqing Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Chongqing Key Lab Mol Oncol & Epigenet, Chongqing, Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Seoul, South Korea Childrens Hosp Kings Daughters, Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Norfolk, VA USA China Three Gorges Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Math, Yichang, Peoples R China Xiangtan Univ, Coll Informat Engn, Xiangtan, Hunan, Peoples R China Univ Hlth Network, Mood Disorders & Psychopharmacol, Toronto, ON, Canada Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Anim Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Vet Clin, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Published
- 2019
38. Allele Frequencies of Genetic Variants Associated with Varroa Drone Brood Resistance (DBR) in Apis mellifera Subspecies across the European Continent.
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Lefebre R, De Smet L, Tehel A, Paxton RJ, Bossuyt E, Verbeke W, van Dooremalen C, Ulgezen ZN, van den Bosch T, Schaafsma F, Valkenburg DJ, Dall'Olio R, Alaux C, Dezmirean DS, Giurgiu AI, Capela N, Simões S, Sousa JP, Bencsik M, McVeigh A, Ramsey MT, Ahmad S, Kumar T, Schäfer MO, Beaurepaire AL, Moro A, Flener CJ, Matthijs S, and de Graaf DC
- Abstract
Implementation of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in modern beekeeping would improve sustainability, especially in breeding programs aiming for resilience against the parasitic mite Varroa destructor . Selecting honey bee colonies for natural resistance traits, such as brood-intrinsic suppression of varroa mite reproduction, reduces the use of chemical acaricides while respecting local adaptation. In 2019, eight genomic variants associated with varroa non-reproduction in drone brood were discovered in a single colony from the Amsterdam Water Dune population in the Netherlands. Recently, a new study tested the applicability of these eight genetic variants for the same phenotype on a population-wide scale in Flanders, Belgium. As the properties of some variants varied between the two studies, one hypothesized that the difference in genetic ancestry of the sampled colonies may underly these contribution shifts. In order to frame this, we determined the allele frequencies of the eight genetic variants in more than 360 Apis mellifera colonies across the European continent and found that variant type allele frequencies of these variants are primarily related to the A. mellifera subspecies or phylogenetic honey bee lineage. Our results confirm that population-specific genetic markers should always be evaluated in a new population prior to using them in MAS programs.
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- 2024
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39. Diverse pollen nutrition can improve the development of solitary bees but does not mitigate negative pesticide impacts.
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Schwarz JM, Knauer AC, Alaux C, Barascou L, Barraud A, Dievart V, Ghazoul J, Michez D, and Albrecht M
- Subjects
- Bees, Animals, Pollen, Pesticides toxicity, Insecticides toxicity, Fungicides, Industrial toxicity, Pyridines, Sulfur Compounds, Neonicotinoids, Thiazines, 4-Butyrolactone analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
Floral resource loss and pesticide exposure are major threats to bees in intensively managed agroecosystems, but interactions among these drivers remain poorly understood. Altered composition and lowered diversity of pollen nutrition may reinforce negative pesticide impacts on bees. Here we investigated the development and survival of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis provisioned with three different pollen types, as well as a mixture of these types representing a higher pollen diversity. We exposed bees of each nutritional treatment to five pesticides at different concentrations in the laboratory. Two field-realistic concentrations of three nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulating insecticides (thiacloprid, sulfoxaflor and flupyradifurone), as well as of two fungicides (azoxystrobin and tebuconazole) were examined. We further measured the expression of two detoxification genes (CYP9BU1, CYP9BU2) under exposure to thiacloprid across different nutrition treatments as a potential mechanistic pathway driving pesticide-nutrition interactions. We found that more diverse pollen nutrition reduced development time, enhanced pollen efficacy (cocoon weight divided by consumed pollen weight) and pollen consumption, and increased weight of O. bicornis after larval development (cocoon weight). Contrary to fungicides, high field-realistic concentrations of all three insecticides negatively affected O. bicornis by extending development times. Moreover, sulfoxaflor and flupyradifurone also reduced pollen efficacy and cocoon weight, and sulfoxaflor reduced pollen consumption and increased mortality. The expression of detoxification genes differed across pollen nutrition types, but was not enhanced after exposure to thiacloprid. Our findings highlight that lowered diversity of pollen nutrition and high field-realistic exposure to nAChR modulating insecticides negatively affected the development of O. bicornis, but we found no mitigation of negative pesticide impacts through increased pollen diversity. These results have important implications for risk assessment for bee pollinators, indicating that negative effects of nAChR modulating insecticides to developing solitary bees are currently underestimated., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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40. Bridging the Gap between Field Experiments and Machine Learning: The EC H2020 B-GOOD Project as a Case Study towards Automated Predictive Health Monitoring of Honey Bee Colonies.
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van Dooremalen C, Ulgezen ZN, Dall'Olio R, Godeau U, Duan X, Sousa JP, Schäfer MO, Beaurepaire A, van Gennip P, Schoonman M, Flener C, Matthijs S, Claeys Boúúaert D, Verbeke W, Freshley D, Valkenburg DJ, van den Bosch T, Schaafsma F, Peters J, Xu M, Le Conte Y, Alaux C, Dalmon A, Paxton RJ, Tehel A, Streicher T, Dezmirean DS, Giurgiu AI, Topping CJ, Williams JH, Capela N, Lopes S, Alves F, Alves J, Bica J, Simões S, Alves da Silva A, Castro S, Loureiro J, Horčičková E, Bencsik M, McVeigh A, Kumar T, Moro A, van Delden A, Ziółkowska E, Filipiak M, Mikołajczyk Ł, Leufgen K, De Smet L, and de Graaf DC
- Abstract
Honey bee colonies have great societal and economic importance. The main challenge that beekeepers face is keeping bee colonies healthy under ever-changing environmental conditions. In the past two decades, beekeepers that manage colonies of Western honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) have become increasingly concerned by the presence of parasites and pathogens affecting the bees, the reduction in pollen and nectar availability, and the colonies' exposure to pesticides, among others. Hence, beekeepers need to know the health condition of their colonies and how to keep them alive and thriving, which creates a need for a new holistic data collection method to harmonize the flow of information from various sources that can be linked at the colony level for different health determinants, such as bee colony, environmental, socioeconomic, and genetic statuses. For this purpose, we have developed and implemented the B-GOOD (Giving Beekeeping Guidance by computational-assisted Decision Making) project as a case study to categorize the colony's health condition and find a Health Status Index (HSI). Using a 3-tier setup guided by work plans and standardized protocols, we have collected data from inside the colonies (amount of brood, disease load, honey harvest, etc.) and from their environment (floral resource availability). Most of the project's data was automatically collected by the BEEP Base Sensor System. This continuous stream of data served as the basis to determine and validate an algorithm to calculate the HSI using machine learning. In this article, we share our insights on this holistic methodology and also highlight the importance of using a standardized data language to increase the compatibility between different current and future studies. We argue that the combined management of big data will be an essential building block in the development of targeted guidance for beekeepers and for the future of sustainable beekeeping.
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- 2024
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41. Real-time monitoring of honeybee colony daily activity and bee loss rates can highlight the risk posed by a pesticide.
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Barascou L, Godeau U, Pioz M, Martin O, Sené D, Crauser D, Le Conte Y, and Alaux C
- Subjects
- Bees, Animals, Pyridines toxicity, Risk Assessment, Pesticides toxicity, Pesticides analysis, Insecticides toxicity
- Abstract
Information on honeybee foraging performance and especially bee loss rates at the colony level are crucial for evaluating the magnitude of effects due to pesticide exposure, thereby ensuring that protection goals for honeybee colonies are met (i.e. threshold of acceptable effects). However, current methods for monitoring honeybee foraging activity and mortality are very approximate (visual records) or are time-limited and mostly based on single cohort analysis. We therefore assess the potential of bee counters, that enable a colony-level and continuous monitoring of bee flight activity and mortality, in pesticide risk assessment. After assessing the background activity and bee loss rates, we exposed colonies to two concentrations of sulfoxaflor (a neurotoxic insecticide) in sugar syrup: a concentration that was considered to be field realistic (0.59 μg/ml) and a higher concentration (2.36 μg/ml) representing a worst-case exposure scenario. We did not find any effect of the field-realistic concentration on flight activity and bee loss rates. However, a two-fold decrease in daily flight activity and a 10-fold increase in daily bee losses were detected in colonies exposed to the highest sulfoxaflor concentration as compared to before exposure. When compared to the theoretical trigger values associated with the specific protection goal of 7 % colony-size reduction, the observed fold changes in daily bee losses were often found to be at risk for colonies. In conclusion, the real-time and colony-level monitoring of bee loss rates, combined with threshold values indicating at which levels bee loss rates threaten the colony, have great potential for improving regulatory pesticide risk assessments for honeybees under field conditions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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42. Using physiology to better support wild bee conservation.
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Leroy C, Brunet JL, Henry M, and Alaux C
- Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that wild bees are experiencing a decline in terms of species diversity, abundance or distribution, which leads to major concerns about the sustainability of both pollination services and intrinsic biodiversity. There is therefore an urgent need to better understand the drivers of their decline, as well as design conservation strategies. In this context, the current approach consists of linking observed occurrence and distribution data of species to environmental features. While useful, a highly complementary approach would be the use of new biological metrics that can link individual bee responses to environmental alteration with population-level responses, which could communicate the actual bee sensitivity to environmental changes and act as early warning signals of bee population decline or sustainability. We discuss here through several examples how the measurement of bee physiological traits or performance can play this role not only in better assessing the impact of anthropogenic pressures on bees, but also in guiding conservation practices with the help of the documentation of species' physiological needs. Last but not least, because physiological changes generally occur well in advance of demographic changes, we argue that physiological traits can help in predicting and anticipating future population trends, which would represent a more proactive approach to conservation. In conclusion, we believe that future efforts to combine physiological, ecological and population-level knowledge will provide meaningful contributions to wild bee conservation-based research., (co© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press and the Society for Experimental Biology.)
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- 2023
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43. Pesticide risk assessment: honeybee workers are not all equal regarding the risk posed by exposure to pesticides.
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Barascou L, Sene D, Le Conte Y, and Alaux C
- Subjects
- Animals, Bees, Risk Assessment, Pesticides toxicity
- Abstract
Toxicological studies in honeybees have long shown that a single pesticide dose or concentration does not necessarily induce a single response. Inter-individual differences in pesticide sensitivity and/or the level of exposure (e.g., ingestion of pesticide-contaminated matrices) may explain this variability in risk posed by a pesticide. Therefore, to better inform pesticide risk assessment for honeybees, we studied the risk posed by pesticides to two behavioral castes, nurse, and forager bees, which are largely represented within colonies and which exhibit large differences in their physiological backgrounds. For that purpose, we determined the sensitivity of nurses and foragers to azoxystrobin (fungicide) and sulfoxaflor (insecticide) upon acute or chronic exposure. Azoxystrobin was found to be weakly toxic to both types of bees. However, foragers were more sensitive to sulfoxaflor than nurses upon acute and chronic exposure. This phenomenon was not explained by better sulfoxaflor metabolization in nurses, but rather by differences in body weight (nurses being 1.6 times heavier than foragers). Foragers consistently consumed more sugar syrup than nurses, and this increased consumption was even more pronounced with pesticide-contaminated syrup (at specific concentrations). Altogether, the stronger susceptibility and exposure of foragers to sulfoxaflor contributed to increases of 2 and tenfold for the acute and chronic risk quotients, respectively, compared to nurses. In conclusion, to increase the safety margin and avoid an under-estimation of the risk posed by insecticides to honeybees, we recommend systematically including forager bees in regulatory tests., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2022
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44. Nutritional stress exacerbates impact of a novel insecticide on solitary bees' behaviour, reproduction and survival.
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Knauer AC, Alaux C, Allan MJ, Dean RR, Dievart V, Glauser G, Kiljanek T, Michez D, Schwarz JM, Tamburini G, Wintermantel D, Klein AM, and Albrecht M
- Subjects
- Bees, Animals, Environmental Policy, Insecticides toxicity
- Abstract
Pesticide exposure and food stress are major threats to bees, but their potential synergistic impacts under field-realistic conditions remain poorly understood and are not considered in current pesticide risk assessments. We conducted a semi-field experiment to examine the single and interactive effects of the novel insecticide flupyradifurone (FPF) and nutritional stress on fitness proxies in the solitary bee Osmia bicornis . Individually marked bees were released into flight cages with monocultures of buckwheat, wild mustard or purple tansy, which were assigned to an insecticide treatment (FPF or control) in a crossed design. Nutritional stress, which was high in bees foraging on buckwheat, intermediate on wild mustard and low on purple tansy, modulated the impact of insecticide exposure. Within the first day after application of FPF, mortality of bees feeding on buckwheat was 29 times higher compared with control treatments, while mortality of FPF exposed and control bees was similar in the other two plant species. Moreover, we found negative synergistic impacts of FPF and nutritional stress on offspring production, flight activity, flight duration and flower visitation frequency. These results reveal that environmental policies and risk assessment schemes that ignore interactions among anthropogenic stressors will fail to adequately protect bees and the pollination services they provide.
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- 2022
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45. Delayed effects of a single dose of a neurotoxic pesticide (sulfoxaflor) on honeybee foraging activity.
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Barascou L, Requier F, Sené D, Crauser D, Le Conte Y, and Alaux C
- Subjects
- Animals, Bees, Pyridines, Sulfur Compounds, Insecticides toxicity, Pesticides toxicity
- Abstract
Pesticide risk-assessment guidelines for honeybees (Apis mellifera) generally require determining the acute toxicity of a chemical over the short-term through fix-duration tests. However, potential long-lasting or delayed effects resulting from an acute exposure (e.g. a single dose) are often overlooked, although the modification of a developmental process may have life-long consequences. To investigate this question, we exposed young honeybee workers to a single sublethal field-realistic dose of a neurotoxic pesticide, sulfoxaflor, at one of two amounts (16 or 60 ng), at the moment when they initiated orientation flights (preceding foraging activity). We then tracked in the field their flight activity and lifespan with automated life-long monitoring devices. Both amounts of sulfoxaflor administered reduced the total number of flights but did not affect bee survival and flight duration. When looking at the time series of flight activity, effects were not immediate but delayed until foraging activity with a decrease in the daily number of foraging flights and consequently in their total number (24 and 33% less for the 16 and 60 ng doses, respectively). The results of our study therefore blur the general assumption in honeybee toxicology that acute exposure results in immediate and rapid effects and call for long-term recording and/or time-to-effect measurements, even upon exposure to a single dose of pesticide., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2022
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46. Warmer winters are associated with lower levels of the cryoprotectant glycerol, a slower decrease in vitellogenin expression and reduced virus infections in winter honeybees.
- Author
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Prado A, Brunet JL, Peruzzi M, Bonnet M, Bordier C, Crauser D, Le Conte Y, and Alaux C
- Subjects
- Animals, Bees, Glycerol, Seasons, Temperature, Virus Diseases, Vitellogenins genetics
- Abstract
Within the context of climate change, winter temperatures at high latitudes are predicted to rise faster than summer temperatures. This phenomenon is expected to negatively affect the diapause performance and survival of insects, since they largely rely on low temperatures to lower their metabolism and preserve energy. However, some insects like honeybees, remain relatively active during the winter and elevate their metabolic rate to produce endothermic heat when temperatures drop. Warming winters are thus expected to improve overwintering performance of honeybees. In order to verify this hypothesis, for two consecutive years, we exposed honeybee colonies to either a mild or cold winter. We then monitored the influence of wintering conditions on several parameters of honeybee overwintering physiology, such as levels of the cryoprotectant glycerol, expression levels of immune and antioxidant genes, and genes encoding multifunctional proteins, including vitellogenin, which promotes bee longevity. Winter conditions had no effect on the expression of antioxidant genes, and genes related to immunity were not consistently affected. However, mild winters were consistently associated with a lower investment in glycerol synthesis and a higher expression of fat body genes, especially apidaecin and vitellogenin. Finally, while we found that viral loads generally decreased through the winter, this trend was more pronounced under mild winter conditions. In conclusion, and without considering how warming temperatures might affect other aspects of honeybee biology before overwintering, our data suggest that warming temperatures will likely benefit honeybee vitality by notably reducing their viral loads over the winter., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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47. Pollen nutrition fosters honeybee tolerance to pesticides.
- Author
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Barascou L, Sene D, Barraud A, Michez D, Lefebvre V, Medrzycki P, Di Prisco G, Strobl V, Yañez O, Neumann P, Le Conte Y, and Alaux C
- Abstract
A reduction in floral resource abundance and diversity is generally observed in agro-ecosystems, along with widespread exposure to pesticides. Therefore, a better understanding on how the availability and quality of pollen diets can modulate honeybee sensitivity to pesticides is required. For that purpose, we evaluated the toxicity of acute exposure and chronic exposures to field realistic and higher concentrations of azoxystrobin (fungicide) and sulfoxaflor (insecticide) in honeybees provided with pollen diets of differing qualities (named S and BQ pollens). We found that pollen intake reduced the toxicity of the acute doses of pesticides. Contrary to azoxystrobin, chronic exposures to sulfoxaflor increased by 1.5- to 12-fold bee mortality, which was reduced by pollen intake. Most importantly, the risk of death upon exposure to a high concentration of sulfoxaflor was significantly lower for the S pollen diet when compared with the BQ pollen diet. This reduced pesticide toxicity was associated with a higher gene expression of vitellogenin, a glycoprotein that promotes bee longevity, a faster sulfoxaflor metabolization and a lower concentration of the phytochemical p -coumaric acid, known to upregulate detoxification enzymes. Thus, our study revealed that pollen quality can influence the ability of bees to metabolize pesticides and withstand their detrimental effects, providing another strong argument for the restoration of suitable foraging habitat., (© 2021 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Pesticide risk assessment in honeybees: Toward the use of behavioral and reproductive performances as assessment endpoints.
- Author
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Barascou L, Brunet JL, Belzunces L, Decourtye A, Henry M, Fourrier J, Le Conte Y, and Alaux C
- Subjects
- Animals, Bees, Ecotoxicology, Humans, Reproduction, Risk Assessment, Pesticides toxicity
- Abstract
The growing gap between new evidence of pesticide toxicity in honeybees and conventional toxicological assays recommended by regulatory test guidelines emphasizes the need to complement current lethal endpoints with sublethal endpoints. In this context, behavioral and reproductive performances have received growing interest since the 2000s, likely due to their ecological relevance and/or the emergence of new technologies. We review the biological interests and methodological measurements of these predominantly studied endpoints and discuss their possible use in the pesticide risk assessment procedure based on their standardization level, simplicity and ecological relevance. It appears that homing flights and reproduction have great potential for pesticide risk assessment, mainly due to their ecological relevance. If exploratory research studies in ecotoxicology have paved the way toward a better understanding of pesticide toxicity in honeybees, the next objective will then be to translate the most relevant behavioral and reproductive endpoints into regulatory test methods. This will require more comparative studies and improving their ecological relevance. This latter goal may be facilitated by the use of population dynamics models for scaling up the consequences of adverse behavioral and reproductive effects from individuals to colonies., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Honeybee lifespan: the critical role of pre-foraging stage.
- Author
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Prado A, Requier F, Crauser D, Le Conte Y, Bretagnolle V, and Alaux C
- Abstract
Assessing the various anthropogenic pressures imposed on honeybees requires characterizing the patterns and drivers of natural mortality. Using automated lifelong individual monitoring devices, we monitored worker bees in different geographical, seasonal and colony contexts creating a broad range of hive conditions. We measured their life-history traits and notably assessed whether lifespan is influenced by pre-foraging flight experience. Our results show that the age at the first flight and onset of foraging are critical factors that determine, to a large extent, lifespan. Most importantly, our results indicate that a large proportion (40%) of the bees die during pre-foraging stage, and for those surviving, the elapsed time and flight experience between the first flight and the onset of foraging is of paramount importance to maximize the number of days spent foraging. Once in the foraging stage, individuals experience a constant mortality risk of 9% and 36% per hour of foraging and per foraging day, respectively. In conclusion, the pre-foraging stage during which bees perform orientation flights is a critical driver of bee lifespan. We believe these data on the natural mortality risks in honeybee workers will help assess the impact of anthropogenic pressures on bees., Competing Interests: The authors of this manuscript declare no competing interests., (© 2020 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2020
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50. Honey bee survival mechanisms against the parasite Varroa destructor: a systematic review of phenotypic and genomic research efforts.
- Author
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Mondet F, Beaurepaire A, McAfee A, Locke B, Alaux C, Blanchard S, Danka B, and Le Conte Y
- Subjects
- Animals, Genomics, Host-Parasite Interactions, Phenotype, Bees genetics, Bees parasitology, Varroidae pathogenicity
- Abstract
The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor is the most significant pathological threat to the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, leading to the death of most colonies if left untreated. An alternative approach to chemical treatments is to selectively enhance heritable honey bee traits of resistance or tolerance to the mite through breeding programs, or select for naturally surviving untreated colonies. We conducted a literature review of all studies documenting traits of A. mellifera populations either selectively bred or naturally selected for resistance and tolerance to mite parasitism. This allowed us to conduct an analysis of the diversity, distribution and importance of the traits in different honey bee populations that can survive V. destructor globally. In a second analysis, we investigated the genetic bases of these different phenotypes by comparing 'omics studies (genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) of A. mellifera resistance and tolerance to the parasite. Altogether, this review provides a detailed overview of the current state of the research projects and breeding efforts against the most devastating parasite of A. mellifera. By highlighting the most promising traits of Varroa-surviving bees and our current knowledge on their genetic bases, this work will help direct future research efforts and selection programs to control this pest. Additionally, by comparing the diverse populations of honey bees that exhibit those traits, this review highlights the consequences of anthropogenic and natural selection in the interactions between hosts and parasites., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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