1,567 results on '"Alam K."'
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2. Exploration of phase separation and several physicochemical parameters of the mixture of triton X-100 and ceftriaxone sodium salt: influences of the composition of sodium salts
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Rony, Md. Rafiul Islam, Khan, Javed Masood, Islam, Md. Rafikul, Alam, K. M. Khairul, Kumar, Dileep, Ahmad, Anis, Rana, Shahed, and Hoque, Md. Anamul
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- 2024
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3. Design of a Physiological Monitoring Device for Holistic Telemedicine Applications
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Kullayappa, G. Raja, Kumar, C. Mani, and Alam, K. Tanveer
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- 2023
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4. Physical properties 211-type of MAX phases based on Mn2AlX (X = C, N, and F) through first-principles approaches
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Ul Haq, Bakhtiar, Kim, Se-Hun, AlFaify, S., Javed, Muhammad Anjum, Ahmed, R., Alam, K., and Chaudhry, Aijaz Rasool
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- 2023
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5. Theoretical investigations of O- and F- surface functionalization of MXenes based on Cr2M(M=C, N)
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Ul Haq, Bakhtiar, Kim, Se-Hun, Tahir, S.A., Ahmed, R., AlFaify, S., Alam, K., and Chaudhry, Aijaz Rasool
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- 2023
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6. Statistical Analysis and Clustering of Dengue Incidents and Weather Data of Bangladesh Using K-Means Clustering
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Islam, Md. Monirul, Rabbi, Fazly, Meandad, Javed, Alam, K. M. Rafiqul, Uddin, Jia, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Islam, A. K. M. Muzahidul, editor, Uddin, Jia, editor, Mansoor, Nafees, editor, Rahman, Shahriar, editor, and Al Masud, Shah Murtaza Rashid, editor
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- 2022
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7. An enriched finite element method for efficient solutions of transient heat diffusion problems with multiple heat sources
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Iqbal, M., Alam, K., Ahmad, A., Maqsood, S., Ullah, H., and Ullah, B.
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- 2022
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8. Spin Filtering with Poly-T Wrapped Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes
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Alam, K. M. and Pramanik, Sandipan
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Spin filtering is an essential operation in spintronics that allows creation and detection of spin polarized carriers. Transition metal ferromagnets are used as spin filters in most cases, though their spin filtering efficiency is only around ~50%, thereby limiting the efficiency of spintronic devices. Recently, chiral systems such as DNA have been shown to exhibit efficient spin filtering, a phenomenon often dubbed as "chirality induced spin selectivity" (CISS). In this work, we consider single wall carbon nanotubes helically wrapped with single stranded poly-T DNA. By magnetoresistance measurements we show that this system exhibits significant spin polarization of ~80%, which could be attributed to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction induced by the inversion asymmetric helical potential of the DNA. Observed spin polarization is larger than that reported before for d(GT)15 strands. Such systems allow tailoring spin polarization by chemical means and also allow extremely localized creation and detection of spin polarization without any magnetic element and could lead to extreme miniaturization and compact integration of spintronic devices and circuits.
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- 2017
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9. Pulmonary Dysfunction Augmenting Bacterial Aerosols in Leather Tanneries of Punjab, Pakistan
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Sarwar F, Alam K, Chow CW, Saeed M, and Malik RN
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respiratory symptoms ,bacteria ,lung function ,copd ,tannery process ,mmad ,infection ,airborne. ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Fiza Sarwar,1 Khan Alam,2 Chung Wai Chow,3 Muhammad Saeed,1 Riffat Naseem Malik1 1Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan; 3Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaCorrespondence: Fiza Sarwar; Riffat Naseem MalikEnvironmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, PakistanEmail fiza.sarwar.baloch@gmail.com; r_n_malik@qau.edu.pkBackground: Particulate matter–associated microbes in the workplace are a burning issue in occupational toxicology. Studies have reported on respiratory infections among tannery cohorts. This study uniquely presents measurements of airborne bacterial concentrations associated with varied particulate-matter sizes, their exposure, and consequent severity in occupational respiratory problems, all for different microenvironments within leather tanneries.Methods: Analyses included molecular identification of isolates, computation of mass median aerodynamic diameter of aerosols, tannery process–exposure dose (TPED) to bacterial aerosols, and spirometry and symptom assessment of impaired pulmonary function.Results: The highest bacterial concentrations were for rawhide treatment and finishing units, showing 3.6× 103 and 3.7× 103 CFU/m3, respectively. Identified bacterial species included Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense, Neisseria bacilliformis, Enterobacter cloacae, Alcaligenes faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Corynebacterium spp. Maximum and minimum values of mass median aerodynamic diameter were 8.3 μm and 0.65 μm for buffing and snuffing and production units, respectively. The highest TPED was 1,516.9 CFU/kg for finishing units. Respiratory symptoms in order of incidence were dyspnea > phlegm > cough > wheezing and tachypnea (equivalent). Bronchodilator measurements of FEV1, FVC, and PEF represent decline in lung function. Of 26 patients identified with COPD, most were working in rawhide treatment.Conclusion: We conclude that exposure–infection synergy is also a cause of pulmonary ailments and COPD development, rather than the better-known exposure–smoking synergy.Keywords: respiratory symptoms, bacteria, lung function, COPD, tannery process, MMAD, infection, airborne
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- 2021
10. Heptamethine Cyanine Dye MHI-148-Mediated Drug Delivery System to Enhance the Anticancer Efficiency of Paclitaxel
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Raveendran A, Poilil Surendran S, Ser J, Alam K, Cho H, and Jeong YY
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cancer therapy ,colon cancer ,bioconjugation ,fluorescent dye ,paclitaxel ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Athira Raveendran,1,* Suchithra Poilil Surendran,2,* Jinhui Ser,1 Khurshed Alam,1 Hoonsung Cho,1 Yong Yeon Jeong3 1Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hoonsung ChoDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of KoreaTel +82-62-530-1717Fax +82-62-530-1699Email cho.hoonsung@jnu.ac.krYong Yeon JeongDepartment of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of KoreaEmail yjeong@jnu.ac.krIntroduction: Paclitaxel (PTX) is a conventional chemotherapeutic drug that effectively treats various cancers. The cellular uptake and therapeutic potential of PTX are limited by its slow penetration and low solubility in water. The development of cancer chemotherapy methods is currently facing considerable challenges with respect to the delivery of the drugs, particularly in targeting the tumor site without exerting detrimental effects on the healthy surrounding cells. One possibility for improving the therapeutic potential is through the development of tumor-targeted delivery methods.Methods: We successfully synthesized paclitaxel-MHI-148 conjugates (PTX-MHI) by coupling PTX with the tumor-targeting heptamethine cyanine dye MHI-148. Synthesis and purification were characterized using the absorbance spectrum and the results of time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity studies were conducted in vitro and in vivo.Results: PTX-MHI accumulates in tumor cells but not in normal cells, as observed by in vitro near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging along with in vivo NIRF imaging and organ biodistribution studies. We observed that MHI-148-conjugated PTX shows greater efficiency in cancer cells than PTX alone, even in the absence of light treatment. PTX-MHI could also be used for specific drug delivery to intracellular compartments, such as the mitochondria and lysosomes of cancer cells, to improve the outcomes of tumor-targeting therapy.Conclusion: The results indicated that PTX-MHI-mediated cancer therapy exerts an excellent inhibitory effect on colon carcinoma (HT-29) cell growth with low toxicity in normal fibroblasts (NIH3T3).Keywords: cancer therapy, colon cancer, bioconjugation, fluorescent dye, paclitaxel
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- 2021
11. Biological Effects of the Novel Mulberry Surface Characterized by Micro/Nanopores and Plasma-Based Graphene Oxide Deposition on Titanium
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Kim HS, Ji MK, Jang WH, Alam K, Cho HS, and Lim HP
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nitriding ,anodic oxidation ,atmospheric plasma ,biofilm formation ,osteoblasts ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Hee-Seon Kim1 *, Min-Kyung Ji2 *, Woo-Hyung Jang1 *, Khurshed Alam,3 Hyun-Seung Kim,4 Hoon-Sung Cho,3 Hyun-Pil Lim1 1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; 2Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Division of New Projects, KJ Meditech Co, Ltd, Gwangju, 61009, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hyun-Pil LimDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of KoreaTel +82-10-2645-7528Fax +82-62-530-5577Email mcnihil@jnu.ac.krHoon-Sung ChoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of KoreaTel +82-10-8545-2816Fax +82-62-530-1717Email cho.hoonsung@jnu.ac.krPurpose: This paper presents a technique for developing a novel surface for dental implants using a combination of nitriding and anodic oxidation, followed by the deposition of graphene oxide using atmospheric plasma. The effects of various surface treatments on bacterial adhesion and osteoblast activation were also evaluated.Methods: CP titanium (control) was processed into disk-shaped specimens. Nitriding was conducted using vacuum nitriding, followed by anodic oxidation, which was performed in an electrolyte using a DC power supply, to form the novel “mulberry surface.” Graphene oxide deposition was performed using atmospheric plasma with an inflow of carbon sources. After analyzing the sample surfaces, antibacterial activity was evaluated using Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. The viability, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts were also assessed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post-hoc test was used to calculate statistical differences.Results: We observed that the mulberry surface was formed on samples treated with nitriding and anodic oxidation, and these samples exhibited more effective antibacterial activity than the control. We also found that the samples with additional graphene oxide deposition exhibited better biocompatibility, which was validated by osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation.Conclusion: The development of the mulberry surface along with graphene oxide deposition inhibits bacterial adhesion to the implant and enhances the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. These results indicate that the mulberry surface and graphene oxide deposition together can inhibit peri-implantitis and promote osseointegration.Keywords: nitriding, anodic oxidation, atmospheric plasma, biofilm formation, osteoblasts
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- 2021
12. Obesity, Disability and Self-Perceived Health Outcomes in Australian Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis Using 14 Annual Waves of the HILDA Cohort
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Keramat SA, Alam K, Ahinkorah BO, Islam MS, Islam MI, Hossain MZ, Ahmed S, Gow J, and Biddle SJ
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australia ,disability ,mental health ,obesity ,self-perceived general health ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Syed Afroz Keramat,1– 3 Khorshed Alam,1,3 Bright Opoku Ahinkorah,4 Md Sariful Islam,2 Md Irteja Islam,1,3 Md Zobayer Hossain,5 Sazia Ahmed,2 Jeff Gow,1,6 Stuart JH Biddle3 1School of Business, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia; 2Economics Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh; 3Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia; 4School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 5Development Studies Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh; 6School of Accounting, Economics, and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South AfricaCorrespondence: Syed Afroz Keramat Email afroz.keramat@usq.edu.auBackground: Both obesity and disability have been widely recognised as major public health challenges because they play significant roles in determining self-perceived general and mental health. Longitudinal studies of the relationship between obesity and disability with self-reported health outcomes are scarce. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to examine the relationship between obesity and disability with self-perceived general and mental health among Australian adults aged 15 years and above.Methods: Data were extracted from the most recent 14 waves (waves 6 through 19) of the annual individual person dataset of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. The longitudinal random-effects logistic regression model was adopted to investigate the relationships between obesity and disability with self-reported health outcomes.Results: The results revealed that obese individuals and adults with some form of disability are more likely to report poor or fair general and mental health. The odds of self-reporting poor or fair general health were 2.40 and 6.07 times higher among obese (aOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 2.22– 2.58) and adults with some form of disability (aOR: 6.07, 95% CI: 5.77– 6.39), respectively, relative to adults with healthy weight and those without disability . The results also showed that self-rated poor or fair mental health were 1.22 and 2.40 times higher among obese adults (aOR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.30) and adults with disability (aOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 2.30– 2.51), respectively, compared to their healthy weight peers and peers without disability.Conclusion: As governmental and non-governmental organisations seek to improve the community’s physical and mental well-being, these organisations need to pay particular attention to routine health care prevention, specific interventions, and treatment practices, especially for obese and/or people with disabilities.Keywords: Australia, disability, mental health, obesity, self-perceived general health
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- 2021
13. Formulation and stabilization of protein-loaded nanoparticles and potential therapeutic applications thereof
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Alam, K. M. Khairul
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615.1 ,QP501 Animal biochemistry ,RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology - Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a medical emergency and needs an immediate treatment with reperfusion therapy. But, reperfusion itself causes damage to the myocardium by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These excessive ROS generated during reperfusion lead to oxidative stress in the myocardium and damage to the cardiomyocytes. Reperfusion injury has been suggested to be responsible for up to 50% of the final infarct size of the myocardium and this resultant infarct size is highly related with the development of chronic heart failure. Although both the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide are elevated following myocardial infarction, the levels of their endogenous scavenger enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, decrease even more. Catalase is a major antioxidant enzyme in the body’s endogenous antioxidant defence systems and this enzyme is considered to be responsible for most of the peroxidase activities in the cardiomyocytes. Delivery of active proteins such as catalase to the myocardium is challenging as they can easily be inactivated by proteases, aggregation and natural inhibitors. Delivery of therapeutic proteins using polymeric nanoparticles can offer an attractive approach. No studies on evaluation of the cardio-protective effect of catalase-loaded nanoparticles in conserving cardiomyocytes from the oxidative stress induced by reperfusion injury have been reported yet. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a US Food & Drug Administration (US FDA)-approved biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, and this polymer was used in this study to prepare catalase-loaded nanoparticles. In the double emulsion method of fabricating protein-loaded nanoparticles, emulsification process induces denaturation of proteins. No reports have showed the effects of trehalose and bovine serum albumin on the encapsulation of catalase into PLGA nanoparticles and comparison of their effects yet. This study showed that trehalose and bovine serum albumin added to the initial aqueous phase as a stabilizer of the catalase activity were observed to be effective in reducing loss of enzymatic activity of catalase during emulsification steps of the enzyme encapsulation process in the double emulsion method. Surprisingly, unlike BSA-stabilized catalase-loaded PLGA nanoparticles, trehalose-stabilized nanoparticles showed very low enzymatic activity which was comparable to the catalase activity of the unstabilized nanoparticles. Freeze-drying is a useful technique to stabilize the nanoparticles and proteins. But, the process of freeze-drying itself exerts stresses resulting in aggregation of the nanoparticles and denaturation of the proteins. Cryoprotectants are added to protect the nanoparticulate systems from the damage induced by the freeze-drying process. Trehalose is a well-known cryoprotectant. No studies on the cryoprotective effect of trehalose in reducing the loss of enzymatic activity of the encapsulated catalase upon freeze-drying of the catalase-loaded PLGA nanoparticles have been reported yet. In this study, trehalose added as a cryoprotectant minimized the loss of enzymatic activity of the encapsulated catalase of catalase-loaded nanoparticles in a dose-dependent manner. Cryoprotected catalase-loaded nanoparticles were found to be effective in reducing oxidative stress-induced damage in a widely recognized hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular model of oxidative stress in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. This protective response was dose-dependent. The nanoparticles also demonstrated efficacy in reducing apoptosis that plays an important role in myocardial cell death during reperfusion of the myocardium and is linked with the development of heart failure following myocardial infarction. Structural study of the encapsulated catalase of catalase-loaded nanoparticles was performed by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy which showed that trehalose could reduce the encapsulated enzyme’s structural alterations induced by freeze-drying of the nanoparticles. The promising cardioprotective effect demonstrated by the cryoprotected catalase-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in rescuing cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress, makes this catalase-loaded nanoparticle a valuable candidate for the treatment of reperfusion injury and warrants further investigation including animal trials.
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- 2017
14. Statistical Analysis and Clustering of Dengue Incidents and Weather Data of Bangladesh Using K-Means Clustering
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Islam, Md. Monirul, primary, Rabbi, Fazly, additional, Meandad, Javed, additional, Alam, K. M. Rafiqul, additional, and Uddin, Jia, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
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15. Direct-Deposited Graphene Oxide on Dental Implants for Antimicrobial Activities and Osteogenesis
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Jang W, Kim HS, Alam K, Ji MK, Cho HS, and Lim HP
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graphene oxide (go) ,zirconia implant ,biofilm formation ,osteoblast ,non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
WooHyung Jang,1 Hee-Seon Kim,1 Khurshed Alam,2 Min-Kyung Ji,3 Hoon-Sung Cho,2 Hyun-Pil Lim1 1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea; 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea; 3Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, KoreaCorrespondence: Hyun-Pil LimDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, KoreaTel +82-10-2645-7528Fax +82-62-530-5577Email mcnihil@jnu.ac.krHoon-Sung ChoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, KoreaTel/Fax +82-62-530-1717Email cho.hoonsung@jnu.ac.krObjective: To determine the effects of graphene oxide (GO) deposition (on a zirconia surface) on bacterial adhesion and osteoblast activation.Methods: An atmospheric pressure plasma generator (PGS-300) was used to coat Ar/CH4 mixed gas onto zirconia specimens (15-mm diameter × 2.5-mm thick disks) at a rate of 10 L/min and 240 V. Zirconia specimens were divided into two groups: uncoated (control; Zr) group and GO-coated (Zr-GO) group. Surface characteristics and element structures of each specimen were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle. Additionally, crystal violet staining was performed to assess the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans. WST-8 and ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) assays were conducted to evaluate MC3T3-E1 osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Statistical analysis was calculated by the Mann–Whitney U-test.Results: FE–SEM and Raman spectroscopy demonstrated effective GO deposition on the zirconia surface in Zr-GO. The attachment and biofilm formation of S. mutans was significantly reduced in Zr-GO compared with that of Zr (P < 0.05). While no significant differences in cell attachment of MC3T3-1 were observed, both proliferation and differentiation were increased in Zr-GO as compared with that of Zr (P < 0.05).Significance: GO-coated zirconia inhibited the attachment of S. mutans and stimulated proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Therefore, GO-coated zirconia can prevent peri-implantitis by inhibiting bacterial adhesion. Moreover, its osteogenic ability can increase bone adhesion and success rate of implants.Keywords: graphene oxide, GO, zirconia implant, biofilm formation, osteoblast, non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma
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- 2021
16. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic : a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Schumacher, A. E., Kyu, H. H., Antony, C. M., Aravkin, A. Y., Azhar, G. S., Bisignano, C., Burkart, K., Cercy, K. M., Chung, E., Coberly, K., Comfort, H., Cousin, E., Culbreth, G. T., Cunningham, M., Weaver, N. D., Degenhardt, L., Deitesfeld, L., Dirac, M. A., Estep, K., Feigin, V. L., Flaxman, A. D., Flor, L. S., Force, L. M., Fuller, J. E., Gakidou, E., Hay, S. I., Ikuta, K. S., Jones, D. P., Kassebaum, N. J., Kassel, M. B., Keller, C., Kinzel, K. E., Krohn, K. J., Lozano, R., May, E. A., McKowen, A. W., McLaughlin, S. A., Mehlman, M. L., Mestrovic, T., Mokdad, A. H., Mosser, J. F., Mougin, V., Naghavi, M., Nesbit, O. D., Novotney, A., Ozten, Y., Pease, S. A., Pigott, D. M., Reiner, R. C., Robinson-Oden, H. E., Shaw, D. H., Slepak, E. L. N., Sorensen, R. J. D., Verghese, N. A., Vollset, S., Vongpradith, A., Vos, T., Wang, D., Watson, S., Weaver, M. R., Wells, K. M., Wilson, S., Wool, E. E., Zheng, P., Lim, S. S., Murray, C. J. L., Boyko, E. J., Chahine, Y., Kalani, R., Krishnamoorthy, V., Khalil, I. A., Minja, N. W., Morrison, S. D., Nafukho, F. M., Olivas-Martinez, A., Orellana, E., Tram, K., Aali, A., Rahnavard, N., Ahmadzade, A., Mohammad-Pour, S., Morovatdar, N., Pourali, G., Zafari, N., Abbafati, C., Cattaruzza, M. S., Abbas, J., Phillips, M. R., Abbasgholizadeh, R., Emamverdi, M., Friedman, J., Abbasi, M. A., Daneshvar, S., Dashti, M., Ghasemzadeh, A., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M., Doshmangir, L., Ghafourifard, M., Lotfi, M., Hosseini, M., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Kalankesh, L. R., Karimi, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., Khalafi, M., Mirghafourvand, M., Mirinezhad, S., Heris, R. M., Mousavi, S., Kafil, H. S., Abbasian, M., Momenzadeh, K., Santos, F. C. D., Carr, S., Chi, G., Elgendy, I. Y., Feroze, A. H., Kempen, J. H., Kubeisy, C. M., Li, Z., Rohloff, P., Liu, X., Natto, Z. S., Olanipekun, T. O., Pigeolet, M., Pradhan, P. M. S., Zweck, E., Sharfaei, S., Sheikh, A., Abtahi, D., Salimi, S., Shakeri, A., Tajbakhsh, A., Aghamiri, S., Ahmadzade, M., Hashemi, M. B., Ajami, M., Asgary, S., Ghasemi, M., Hassanian-Moghaddam, H., Kolahi, A., Nikoobar, A., Heidari-Foroozan, M., Montazeri, F., Nejadghaderi, S., Rahmani, S., Ziaeefar, P., Hesami, H., Zahir, M., Jahankhani, K., Rasouli-Saravani, A., Jahanmehr, N., Kashani, H. K., Nasiri, M., Raee, P., Rezaee, M., Safi, S., Shool, S., Tabatabai, S., ElHafeez, S. A., Tantawi, M. E., Elmeligy, O. A. A., Ghazy, R. M., Talaat, I. M., Abdelmasseh, M., Sanabria, J., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdelwahab, A., Abdollahi, M., Abolhassani, H., Rezaei, N., Saghazadeh, A., Ala, M., Noroozi, N., Bahri, R. A., Khatami, F., Ayyoubzadeh, S., Azadnajafabad, S., Keykhaei, M., Momtazmanesh, S., Mousavi, P., Behnoush, A., Farrokhpour, H., Karimi, H., Khalaji, A., Khanmohammadi, S., Mayeli, M., Mohammadi, S., Eskandarieh, S., Sahraian, M., Fahimi, S., Malekzadeh, R., Mansouri, V., Sepanlou, S. G., Ghassemi, F., Haddadi, M., Kazemian, S., Khadembashiri, M., Khamesipour, F., Khavandegar, A., Khormali, M., Salamati, P., Kompani, F., Larijani, B., Mirdamadi, N., Seyedi, S., Malazy, O. T., Mahmoudi, E., Rashedi, S., Rad, E. M., Mansournia, M., Nasab, E. M., Mohammadshahi, M., Mostafavi, H., SeyedAlinaghi, S., Shafie, M., Shahbandi, A., Vahdani, A. M., Sharifan, A., Shirkoohi, R., Sohrabi, H., Tavangar, S., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Abdoun, M., Abdullahi, A., Awotidebe, A. W., Borodo, S. B., Gadanya, M. A., Ladan, M., Ali, M. U., Tyrovolas, S., Abdurehman, A. M., Debele, A. T., Getachew, T., Gudeta, M. D., Misgana, T., Sertsu, A., Abebe, M., Ayele, G. M., Afework, A., Lerango, T. L., Tebeje, T. M., Sibhat, M. M., Tesfaye, S. H., Abedi, A., Gholamrezanezhad, A., Salehi, S., Athari, S., Hanifi, N., Abegaz, T. M., Kifle, Z. D., Zuñiga, R. A. A., Abhilash, E. S., Abiodun, O. O., Aboagye, R. G., Amu, H., Ayanore, M. A., Dowou, R. K., Immurana, M., Klu, D., Orish, V. N., Carrero, J. J., Cederroth, C. R., Deuba, K., Laflamme, L., Fereshtehnejad, S., Kauppila, J. H., Abouzid, M., Abreu, L. G., Malta, D. C., Prates, E. J. S., Nascimento, B. R., Abrha, W. A., Weldemariam, A. H., Girmay, A., Abrigo, M. R. M., Rumeileh, S. A., Abu-Rmeileh, N. M., Aburuz, S., Ahmed, L. A., Alam, Z., Elbarazi, I., Grivna, M., Nauman, J., Khan, G., Khan, M. A., Zaki, N., Ahmad, M. M., Abu-Zaid, A., Temsah, R. M. H., Zand, R., Acuna, J. M., Gautam, P., Chowdhury, R., Adair, T., Jiang, H., Babu, A. S., Borschmann, R., Meretoja, A., Wijeratne, T., Addo, I. Y., Okeke, S. R., Dai, Z., Xu, X., Huda, M., Mitchell, P. B., Peden, A. E., Resnikoff, S., Sharma, S., Si, Y., Sitas, F., Ye, P., Adebayo, O. M., Aladelusi, T. O., Salami, A. A., Ilesanmi, O. S., Owolabi, M. O., Adegboye, O. A., Adekanmbi, V., AlBataineh, M. T., Almahmeed, W., Aden, B., Adepoju, A. V., Adetunji, C. O., Adeyeoluwa, T. E., Oyeyemi, I. T., Oyeyemi, O. T., Udoakang, A. J., Adeyomoye, O. I., Anuoluwa, I. A., Bello, O. 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- Abstract
Background: Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this unprecedented event within the context of long-term population health trends. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides new demographic estimates for 204 countries and territories and 811 additional subnational locations from 1950 to 2021, with a particular emphasis on changes in mortality and life expectancy that occurred during the 2020–21 COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: 22 223 data sources from vital registration, sample registration, surveys, censuses, and other sources were used to estimate mortality, with a subset of these sources used exclusively to estimate excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 2026 data sources were used for population estimation. Additional sources were used to estimate migration; the effects of the HIV epidemic; and demographic discontinuities due to conflicts, famines, natural disasters, and pandemics, which are used as inputs for estimating mortality and population. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate under-5 mortality rates, which synthesised 30 763 location-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 1365 surveys and censuses, and 80 other sources. ST-GPR was also used to estimate adult mortality (between ages 15 and 59 years) based on information from 31 642 location-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 355 surveys and censuses, and 24 other sources. Estimates of child and adult mortality rates were then used to generate life tables with a relational model life table system. For countries with large HIV epidemics, life tables were adjusted using independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated via an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys, ant
- Published
- 2024
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17. Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022-2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Limenh, LW, Lindholm, D, Lindstedt, PA, Listl, S, Liu, G, Liu, S, Liu, X, Llanaj, E, Lopez-Bueno, R, Lopez-Gil, JF, Loreche, AM, Lotufo, PA, Lozano, R, Lubinda, J, Lucchetti, G, Luo, L, Lusk, JB, Lv, L, Amin, HIM, Ma, ZF, Maass, KL, Machairas, N, Machoy, M, Madureira-Carvalho, AM, Abd El Razek, HM, Maghazachi, AA, Prasad, DRM, Mahalleh, M, Mahasha, PW, Mahmoud, MA, Mahmoudi, E, Mahmoudvand, G, Makama, M, Rad, EM, Malhotra, K, Malik, AA, Malta, DC, Manla, Y, Mansour, A, Mansouri, MH, Mansouri, P, Mansouri, V, Mansourian, M, Mansournia, MA, Marasini, BP, Marateb, HR, Maravilla, JC, Mardi, P, Marjani, A, Moghadam, HM, Arnedo, CAM, Martinez, G, Martinez-Piedra, R, Martins-Melo, FR, Martorell, M, Marx, W, Marzo, RR, Masoudi, S, Mathangasinghe, Y, Mathioudakis, AG, Mathur, M, Mathur, N, Matozinhos, FP, Mattumpuram, J, Maude, RJ, Maugeri, A, Mayeli, M, Mazidi, M, Mazzotti, A, McGrath, JJ, Mckee, M, McKowen, ALW, McPhail, MA, McPhail, SM, Mehmood, A, Mehrabani-Zeinabad, K, Mehravar, S, Meto, TM, Melese, EB, Mendez-Lopez, MAM, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mensah, GA, Mensah, LG, Mentis, A-FA, Meo, SA, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AM, Mestrovic, T, Mettananda, KCD, Mettananda, S, Mhlanga, A, Mhlanga, L, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, de Sa, ACMGN, Miller, TR, Minh, LHN, Mirahmadi, A, Mirijello, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei, R, Mitchell, PB, Mittal, C, Moberg, ME, Fard, AM, Mohajelin, S, Mohamadkhani, A, Mohamed, AI, Mohamed, J, Mohamed, MFH, Mohamed, NS, Mohammad, AM, Mohammadi, S, Mohammed, H, Mohammed, M, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Momani, SM, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Mondello, S, Moni, MA, Montazeri, F, Ghalibaf, AM, Moradi, M, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Moreira, RS, Morovatdar, N, Morrison, SD, Mosapour, A, Mosser, JF, Mossialos, E, Motappa, R, Mougin, V, Mousavi, P, Mrejen, M, Mubarik, S, Mueller, UO, Mulita, F, Munjal, K, Murillo-Zamora, E, Musallam, KM, Musina, A-M, Mustafa, G, Myung, W, Nafei, A, Nagarajan, AJ, Naghavi, P, Naik, GR, Naik, G, Nainu, F, Najdaghi, S, Ansari, NN, Nangia, V, Swamy, SN, Nargus, S, Davani, DN, Nascimento, BR, Nascimento, GG, Naser, AY, Nashwan, AJ, Natto, ZS, Nauman, J, Navaratna, SNK, Naveed, M, Nawsherwan, Nayak, BP, Nayak, VC, Negash, H, Negoi, I, Negoi, RI, Nejadghaderi, SA, Nejjari, C, Nematollahi, S, Netsere, HB, Ng, M, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, AH, Nguyen, DH, Nguyen, HTH, Nguyen, N, Nguyen, NNY, Nguyen, PT, Nguyen, QP, Nguyen, VT, Minh, DNT, Niazi, RK, Nigatu, YT, Niknam, M, Nikoobar, A, Nikpoor, AR, Nikravangolsefid, N, Noman, EA, Nomura, S, Noor, STA, Noroozi, N, Nouri, M, Nozari, M, Nri-Ezedi, CA, Ntaios, G, Nunemo, MH, Nurrika, D, Nutor, JJ, Nzoputam, CI, Nzoputam, OJ, Oancea, B, Obamiro, KO, Odetokun, IA, Oduro, MS, Ogundijo, OA, Ogunfowokan, AA, Ogunkoya, A, Oguntade, AS, Oh, I-H, Ojo-Akosile, TR, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okekunle, AP, Okonji, OC, Olagunju, AT, Olatubi, MI, Oliveira, GMM, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Oluwafemi, YD, Omar, HA, Omer, GL, Ong, S, Onie, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Opejin, AO, Ordak, M, Orish, VN, Ortiz, A, Ortiz-Prado, E, Osman, WMS, Ostojic, SM, Ostroff, SM, Osuagwu, UL, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, SS, Ouyahia, A, Owolabi, MO, Oyeyemi, OT, Ozair, A, Padukudru, MPA, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, JR, Pal, PK, Palicz, T, Pan, F, Pan, H-F, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Pando-Robles, V, Pangaribuan, HU, Panos, GD, Panos, LD, Pantazopoulos, I, Stoian, AMP, Parikh, RR, Park, E-K, Park, S, Parsons, N, Parthasarathi, A, Pasovic, M, Passera, R, Patel, J, Pathan, AR, Patil, S, Patoulias, D, Pawar, S, Toroudi, HP, Pease, SA, Peden, AE, Pedersini, P, Pensato, U, Pepito, VCF, Peprah, P, Pereira, M, Pereira, MO, Perianayagam, A, Perico, N, Perna, S, Pesudovs, K, Petermann-Rocha, FE, Pham, HT, Philip, AK, Phillips, MR, Pigeolet, M, Piradov, MA, Pisoni, E, Plotnikov, E, Poddighe, D, Polibin, RV, Poluru, R, Ponkilainen, VT, Popovic, DS, Postma, MJ, Pour-Rashidi, A, Prabhu, D, Prada, SI, Pradhan, J, Pradhan, PMS, Prashant, A, Prates, EJS, Priscilla, T, Purnobasuki, H, Purohit, BM, Puvvula, J, Qasim, NH, Qattea, I, Qazi, AS, Qian, G, Rad, MR, Radhakrishnan, V, Shahraki, HR, Rafferty, Q, Raggi, A, Raggi, C, Raheem, N, Rahim, F, Rahim, MJ, Rahimibarghani, S, Rahman, MMMR, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Rahman, T, Rahmani, AM, Rahmanian, M, Rahmanian, N, Rahmati, R, Rahmawaty, S, Raimondo, D, Raja, A, Rajput, P, Ramadan, M, Ramasamy, SK, Ramazanu, S, Ramteke, PW, Rana, K, Rana, RK, Ranabhat, CL, Rane, A, Rao, CR, Rao, M, Rasella, D, Rashedi, V, Rashid, AM, Rasouli-Saravani, A, Rastogi, P, Rasul, A, Rathish, D, Babu, GR, Rauniyar, SK, Ravangard, R, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Raza, RZ, Redwan, EMM, Reifels, L, Reitsma, MB, Remuzzi, G, Rengasamy, KRR, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Restaino, S, Reyes, LF, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, ZS, Rezaeian, M, Rhee, TG, Rickard, J, Robalik, T, Robinson-Oden, HE, Rocha, HAL, Rodrigues, M, Rodriguez, JAB, Roever, L, Romadlon, DS, Ronfani, L, Rony, MKK, Roshandel, G, Rotimi, K, Rout, HS, Roy, B, Rubagotti, E, Ruela, GDA, Rumisha, SF, Runghien, T, Russo, M, Saad, AMA, Saber, K, Saber-Ayad, MM, Sabet, CJ, Sabour, S, Sachdev, PS, Saddler, A, Sadee, BA, Sadeghi, M, Saeb, MR, Saeed, U, Safi, SZ, Sagar, R, Saghafi, A, Sagoe, D, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, PM, Sajid, MR, Salam, N, Salamati, P, Salami, AA, Saleh, MA, Salehi, L, Salem, MR, Salemcity, AJ, Salimi, S, Kafil, HS, Samargandy, S, Samodra, YL, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanna, F, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Jose, BPS, Saraswathy, SYI, Saravanan, A, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sarode, GS, Sarode, SC, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Sayeed, A, Scarmeas, N, Schaarschmidt, BM, Schinckus, C, Schuermans, A, Schumacher, AE, Schutte, AE, Schwebel, DC, Schwendicke, F, Selvaraj, S, Semreen, MH, Senapati, S, Sengupta, P, Senthilkumaran, S, Serban, D, Sethi, Y, Seylani, A, Shafie, M, Shah, PA, Shahbandi, A, Shahid, S, Shahid, W, Shahsavari, HR, Shahwan, MJ, Shaikh, MA, Shalash, AS, Shamekh, A, Shamim, MA, Shanawaz, M, Shankar, A, Shannawaz, M, Sharath, M, Sharfaei, S, Sharifan, A, Sharifi-Rad, J, Sharma, A, Sharma, M, Sharma, S, Sharma, V, Shastry, RP, Shayan, M, Shekhar, S, Shenoy, RR, Shetty, M, Shetty, PH, Shetty, PK, Shi, P, Shiani, A, Shigematsu, M, Shimels, T, Shiri, R, Shittu, A, Shiue, I, Shivakumar, KM, Shool, S, Shorofi, SA, Shrestha, S, Shuval, K, Si, Y, Siddig, EE, Sidhu, JK, Silva, JP, Silva, LMLR, Silva, S, Silva, TPR, Simpson, CR, Simpson, KE, Singh, A, Singh, BB, Singh, B, Singh, H, Singh, J, Singh, P, Skou, ST, Smith, G, Sobia, F, Socea, B, Solanki, S, Soleimani, H, Soliman, SSM, Song, Y, Soyiri, IN, Spartalis, M, Spearman, S, Sreeramareddy, CT, Stanaway, JD, Stanikzai, MH, Starodubova, AV, Stein, DJ, Steiner, C, Steiropoulos, P, Stockfelt, L, Stokes, MA, Straif, K, Subedi, N, Abdulkader, RS, Sultana, A, Sun, J, Sundstrom, J, Swain, CK, Szarpak, L, Szeto, MD, Damavandi, PT, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Malazy, OT, Tabatabaeizadeh, S-A, Tabatabai, S, Tabb, KM, Tabche, C, Tabish, M, Abkenar, YT, Soodejani, MT, Taiba, J, Talaat, IM, Tamuzi, JL, Tan, K-K, Tang, H, Tat, NY, Oliaee, RT, Tavangar, SM, Taveira, N, Tbakhi, A, Tehrani, H, Temsah, M-H, Teramoto, M, Tesfaye, BT, Teye-Kwadjo, E, Thangaraju, P, Thankappan, KR, Thapar, R, Rasiah, Thayakaran, Thirunavukkarasu, S, Thomas, N, Thygesen, LC, Ticoalu, JHV, Timalsena, D, Tiruye, TY, Tiwari, K, Tomo, S, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Tran, AT, Tran, JT, Tran, NM, Tran, TH, Trico, D, Tromans, SJ, Truyen, TTTT, Tsatsakis, A, Tsermpini, EE, Tumurkhuu, M, Turnock, ST, Udoh, A, Ullah, A, Ullah, S, Umakanthan, S, Umar, M, Umar, SS, Unim, B, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Usman, JS, Vahdati, S, Vaithinathan, AG, Vakili, O, Valizadeh, R, Van den Eynde, J, Vart, P, Varthya, SB, Vasankari, TJ, Vasic, M, Venketasubramanian, N, Veroux, M, Verras, G-I, Vervoort, D, Vijayageetha, M, Villafane, JH, Vinayak, M, Violante, FS, Vladimirov, SK, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vohra, K, Vos, T, Wadood, AW, Waheed, Y, Wang, F, Wang, S, Wang, Y, Wang, Y-P, Wanjau, MN, Waqas, M, Ward, P, Waris, A, Wassie, EG, Watson, S, Weaver, MR, Weerakoon, KG, Weintraub, RG, Weldetinsaa, HLL, Wells, KM, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Wiangkham, T, Wickramasinghe, DP, Widowati, E, Wojewodzic, MW, Woldeyes, DH, Wolf, AW, Wolfe, CDA, Wu, C, Wu, D, Wu, F, Wu, J, Wu, Z, Hanson, SW, Xiao, H, Xu, S, Yadav, R, Yamagishi, K, Yang, D, Yano, Y, Yarahmadi, A, Nia, IY, Ye, P, Yesodharan, R, Yesuf, SA, Yezli, S, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yigzaw, ZA, Yin, D, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, You, Y, Younis, MZ, Yu, C, Yu, EA, Yu, Y, Yuan, C-W, Yusuf, H, Zafar, U, Zafari, N, Zahid, MH, Zakham, F, Zaki, N, Zerfu, TA, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, X-JG, Zhao, Y, Zhao, Z, Zhong, C, Zhou, B, Zhou, J, Zhou, S, Zhu, B, Zhumagaliuly, A, Zielinska, M, Zoghi, G, Zumla, A, Zyoud, SH, Smith, AE, and Murray, CJL
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternative scenarios assessing disease burden trajectories if selected sets of risk factors were eliminated from current levels by 2050. METHODS: Using forecasts of major drivers of health such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI; a composite measure of lag-distributed income per capita, mean years of education, and total fertility under 25 years of age) and the full set of risk factor exposures captured by GBD, we provide cause-specific forecasts of mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age and sex from 2022 to 2050 for 204 countries and territories, 21 GBD regions, seven super-regions, and the world. All analyses were done at the cause-specific level so that only risk factors deemed causal by the GBD comparative risk assessment influenced future trajectories of mortality for each disease. Cause-specific mortality was modelled using mixed-effects models with SDI and time as the main covariates, and the combined impact of causal risk factors as an offset in the model. At the all-cause mortality level, we captured unexplained variation by modelling residuals with an autoregressive integrated moving average model with drift attenuation. These all-cause forecasts constrained the cause-specific forecasts at successively deeper levels of the GBD cause hierarchy using cascading mortality models, thus ensuring a robust estimate of cause-specific mortality. For non-fatal measures (eg, low back pain), incidence and prevalence were forecasted from mixed-effects m
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- 2024
18. Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
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Brauer, M, Roth, GA, Aravkin, AY, Zheng, P, Abate, KH, Abate, YH, Abbafati, C, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasi, MA, Abbasian, M, Abbasifard, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdi, P, Abdollahi, M, Abdoun, M, Abdulah, DM, Abdullahi, A, Abebe, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, TM, Abeldaño Zuñiga, RA, Abiodun, O, Abiso, TL, Aboagye, RG, Abolhassani, H, Abouzid, M, Aboye, GB, Abreu, LG, Abualruz, H, Abubakar, B, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abukhadijah, HJJ, Aburuz, S, Abu-Zaid, A, Adane, MM, Addo, IY, Addolorato, G, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Aden, B, Adetunji, JB, Adeyeoluwa, TE, Adha, R, Adibi, A, Adnani, QES, Adzigbli, LA, Afolabi, AA, Afolabi, RF, Afshin, A, Afyouni, S, Afzal, MS, Afzal, S, Agampodi, SB, Agbozo, F, Aghamiri, S, Agodi, A, Agrawal, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, F, Ahmad, N, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, LA, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, S, Ahmed, SA, Ajami, M, Akalu, GT, Akara, EM, Akbarialiabad, H, Akhlaghi, S, Akinosoglou, K, Akinyemiju, T, Akkaif, MA, Akkala, S, Akombi-Inyang, B, Al Awaidy, S, Al Hasan, SM, Alahdab, F, AL-Ahdal, TMA, Alalalmeh, SO, Alalwan, TA, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Albakri, A, AlBataineh, MT, Aldhaleei, WA, Aldridge, RW, Brauer, M, Roth, GA, Aravkin, AY, Zheng, P, Abate, KH, Abate, YH, Abbafati, C, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasi, MA, Abbasian, M, Abbasifard, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdi, P, Abdollahi, M, Abdoun, M, Abdulah, DM, Abdullahi, A, Abebe, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, TM, Abeldaño Zuñiga, RA, Abiodun, O, Abiso, TL, Aboagye, RG, Abolhassani, H, Abouzid, M, Aboye, GB, Abreu, LG, Abualruz, H, Abubakar, B, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abukhadijah, HJJ, Aburuz, S, Abu-Zaid, A, Adane, MM, Addo, IY, Addolorato, G, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Aden, B, Adetunji, JB, Adeyeoluwa, TE, Adha, R, Adibi, A, Adnani, QES, Adzigbli, LA, Afolabi, AA, Afolabi, RF, Afshin, A, Afyouni, S, Afzal, MS, Afzal, S, Agampodi, SB, Agbozo, F, Aghamiri, S, Agodi, A, Agrawal, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, F, Ahmad, N, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, LA, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, S, Ahmed, SA, Ajami, M, Akalu, GT, Akara, EM, Akbarialiabad, H, Akhlaghi, S, Akinosoglou, K, Akinyemiju, T, Akkaif, MA, Akkala, S, Akombi-Inyang, B, Al Awaidy, S, Al Hasan, SM, Alahdab, F, AL-Ahdal, TMA, Alalalmeh, SO, Alalwan, TA, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Albakri, A, AlBataineh, MT, Aldhaleei, WA, and Aldridge, RW
- Abstract
Background: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels, relative health risks, and attributable burden of disease for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, from 1990 to 2021. Methods: The GBD 2021 risk factor analysis used data from 54 561 total distinct sources to produce epidemiological estimates for 88 risk factors and their associated health outcomes for a total of 631 risk–outcome pairs. Pairs were included on the basis of data-driven determination of a risk–outcome association. Age-sex-location-year-specific estimates were generated at global, regional, and national levels. Our approach followed the comparative risk assessment framework predicated on a causal web of hierarchically organised, potentially combinative, modifiable risks. Relative risks (RRs) of a given outcome occurring as a function of risk factor exposure were estimated separately for each risk–outcome pair, and summary exposure values (SEVs), representing risk-weighted exposure prevalence, and theoretical minimum risk exposure levels (TMRELs) were estimated for each risk factor. These estimates were used to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF; ie, the proportional change in health risk that would occur if exposure to a risk factor were reduced to the TMREL). The product of PAFs and disease burden associated with a given outcome, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), yielded measures of attributable burden (ie, the proportion of total disease burden attributable to a particular risk factor or combination of risk factors). Adjustments for mediation were applied to account for relationships involving risk
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- 2024
19. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
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Schumacher, A, Kyu, H, Aali, A, Abbafati, C, Abbas, J, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasi, M, Abbasian, M, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdelwahab, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdoun, M, Abdullahi, A, Abdurehman, A, Abebe, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, T, Abeldaño Zuñiga, R, Abhilash, E, Abiodun, O, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abouzid, M, Abreu, L, Abrha, W, Abrigo, M, Abtahi, D, Abu Rumeileh, S, Abu-Rmeileh, N, Aburuz, S, Abu-Zaid, A, Acuna, J, Adair, T, Addo, I, Adebayo, O, Adegboye, O, Adekanmbi, V, Aden, B, Adepoju, A, Adetunji, C, Adeyeoluwa, T, Adeyomoye, O, Adha, R, Adibi, A, Adikusuma, W, Adnani, Q, Adra, S, Afework, A, Afolabi, A, Afraz, A, Afyouni, S, Afzal, S, Agasthi, P, Aghamiri, S, Agodi, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, F, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadzade, A, Ahmadzade, M, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, L, Ahmed, M, Ahmed, S, Ajami, M, Aji, B, Ajumobi, O, Akalu, G, Akara, E, Akinosoglou, K, Akkala, S, Akyirem, S, Al Hamad, H, Al Hasan, S, Al 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- Published
- 2024
20. Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
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Vollset, S, Ababneh, H, Abate, Y, Abbafati, C, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasian, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd Al Magied, A, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abdelkader, A, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdi, P, Abdollahi, M, Abdoun, M, Abdullahi, A, Abebe, M, Abiodun, O, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abouzid, M, Aboye, G, Abreu, L, Absalan, A, Abualruz, H, Abubakar, B, Abukhadijah, H, Addolorato, G, Adekanmbi, V, Adetunji, C, Adetunji, J, Adeyeoluwa, T, Adha, R, Adhikary, R, Adnani, Q, Adzigbli, L, Afrashteh, F, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agbozo, F, Agodi, A, Agrawal, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, B, Ahlstrom, A, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, F, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, S, Akinosoglou, K, Akkaif, M, Akrami, A, Akter, E, Al Awaidy, S, Al Hasan, S, Al Mosa, A, Al Ta'ani, O, Al Zaabi, O, Alahdab, F, Alajlani, M, Al-Ajlouni, Y, Alalalmeh, S, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alam, T, Alam, Z, Al-amer, R, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Albakri, A, Aldhaleei, W, Aldridge, R, Alemohammad, S, Alemu, Y, Al-Gheethi, A, Al-Hanawi, M, Ali, A, Ali, I, Ali, M, Ali, R, Ali, S, Ali, V, Ali, W, Al-Ibraheem, A, Alicandro, G, Alif, S, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Almazan, J, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Alqutaibi, A, Alrawashdeh, A, Alrousan, S, Al-Sabah, S, Alsabri, M, Altaany, Z, Al-Tammemi, A, Al-Tawfiq, J, Altirkawi, K, Aluh, D, Alvis-Guzman, N, Al-Wardat, M, Al-Worafi, Y, Aly, H, Alyahya, M, Alzoubi, K, Al-Zyoud, W, Amani, R, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amindarolzarbi, A, Amiri, S, Amirzade-Iranaq, M, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Anderson, D, Andrade, P, Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Andrews, E, Anil, A, Anil, S, Anoushiravani, A, Antony, C, Antriyandarti, E, Anuoluwa, B, Anvari, S, Anyasodor, A, Appiah, F, Aquilano, M, Arab, J, Arabloo, J, Arafa, E, Arafat, M, Aravkin, A, Ardekani, A, Areda, D, Aregawi, B, Aremu, A, Ariffin, H, Arkew, M, Armani, K, Artamonov, A, Arumugam, A, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Ashbaugh, C, Astell-Burt, T, Athari, S, Atorkey, P, Atout, M, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Awad, H, Awotidebe, A, Ayatollahi, H, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Azadnajafabad, S, Azeez, F, Azevedo, R, Badar, M, Baghdadi, S, Bagheri, M, Bagheri, N, Bai, R, Baker, J, Bako, A, Balakrishnan, S, Balcha, W, Baltatu, O, Barchitta, M, Bardideh, E, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Barqawi, H, Barteit, S, Basiru, A, Basso, J, Bastan, M, Basu, S, Bauckneht, M, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Bayileyegn, N, Behnoush, A, Behzadi, P, Beiranvand, M, Bello, O, Belo, L, Beloukas, A, Bemanalizadeh, M, Bensenor, I, Benzian, H, Beran, A, Berezvai, Z, Bernstein, R, Bettencourt, P, Beyene, K, Beyene, M, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhala, N, Bhandari, D, Bharadwaj, R, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhargava, A, Bhaskar, S, Bhat, V, Bhattacharjee, N, Bhatti, G, Bhatti, J, Bhatti, M, Bhuiyan, M, Bisignano, C, Biswas, B, Bjørge, T, Bodolica, V, Bodunrin, A, Bonakdar Hashemi, M, Bora Basara, B, Borhany, H, Bosoka, S, Botero Carvajal, A, Bouaoud, S, Boufous, S, Boxe, C, Boyko, E, Brady, O, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, Brazo-Sayavera, J, Brenner, H, Brown, C, Browne, A, Brugha, T, Bryazka, D, Bulamu, N, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, Burns, R, Busse, R, Bustanji, Y, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Çakmak Barsbay, M, Calina, D, Campos, L, Cao, S, Capodici, A, Cárdenas, R, Carreras, G, Carugno, A, Carvalho, M, Castaldelli-Maia, J, Castelpietra, G, Cattaruzza, M, Caye, A, Cegolon, L, Cembranel, F, Cenko, E, Cerin, E, Chadban, S, Chadwick, J, Chakraborty, C, Chakraborty, S, Chalek, J, Chan, J, Chandika, R, Chandy, S, Charan, J, Chaudhary, A, Chaurasia, A, Chen, A, Chen, H, Chen, M, Chen, S, Cherbuin, N, Chi, G, Chichagi, F, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chimoriya, R, Ching, P, Chirinos-Caceres, J, Chitheer, A, Cho, D, Cho, W, Choi, D, Chong, B, Chong, C, Chopra, H, Chu, D, Chung, E, Chutiyami, M, Clayton, J, Cogen, R, Cohen, A, Columbus, A, Comfort, H, Conde, J, Connolly, J, Cooper, E, Cortese, S, Cruz-Martins, N, da Silva, A, Dadras, O, Dai, X, Dai, Z, Dalton, B, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Das, J, Das, S, Dash, N, Davletov, K, De la Hoz, F, De Leo, D, Debopadhaya, S, Delgado-Enciso, I, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Dervenis, N, Desai, H, Devanbu, V, Dewan, S, Dhama, K, Dhane, A, Dhingra, S, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Diaz, L, Diaz, M, Dima, A, Ding, D, Do, T, do Prado, C, Dodangeh, M, Doegah, P, Dohare, S, Dong, W, D'Oria, M, Doshi, R, Dowou, R, Dsouza, H, Dsouza, V, Dube, J, Dumith, S, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Duraisamy, S, Durojaiye, O, Dushpanova, A, Dutta, S, Dzianach, P, Dziedzic, A, Eboreime, E, Ebrahimi, A, Ebrahimi Kalan, M, Edinur, H, Efendi, F, Eikemo, T, Eini, E, Ekundayo, T, El Arab, R, El Sayed, I, Elamin, O, Elemam, N, Elgohary, G, Elhadi, M, Elmeligy, O, Elmoselhi, A, Elshaer, M, Elsohaby, I, Eltahir, M, Emeto, T, Eshrati, B, Eslami, M, Esmaeili, Z, Fabin, N, Fagbamigbe, A, Fagbule, O, Falzone, L, Fareed, M, Farinha, C, Faris, M, Faro, A, Fasihi, K, Fatehizadeh, A, Fauk, N, Fazylov, T, Feigin, V, Fekadu, G, Feng, X, Fereshtehnejad, S, Ferrara, P, Ferreira, N, Firew, B, Fischer, F, Fitriana, I, Flavel, J, Flor, L, Folayan, M, Foley, K, Fonzo, M, Force, L, Foschi, M, Freitas, A, Fridayani, N, Fukutaki, K, Furtado, J, Fux, B, Gaal, P, Gadanya, M, Gallus, S, Ganesan, B, Ganiyani, M, Gautam, R, Gebi, T, Gebregergis, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Getacher, L, Getahun, G, Gething, P, Ghadimi, D, Ghadirian, F, Ghafarian, S, Ghailan, K, Ghasemi, M, Ghasempour Dabaghi, G, Ghazy, R, Ghoba, S, Gholami, E, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Gholizadeh, N, Ghorbani, M, Ghorbani Vajargah, P, Ghotbi, E, Gil, A, Gill, T, Girmay, A, Glasbey, J, Glushkova, E, Gnedovskaya, E, Göbölös, L, Goldust, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Gopalani, S, Goulart, A, Gouravani, M, Goyal, A, Grivna, M, Grosso, G, Guarducci, G, Gubari, M, Guicciardi, S, Guimarães, R, Gulati, S, Gulisashvili, D, Gunawardane, D, Guo, C, Gupta, A, Gupta, R, Gupta, S, Gupta, V, Haakenstad, A, Hadi, N, Haep, N, Hafiz, A, Haghmorad, D, Haile, D, Hajj Ali, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halboub, E, Haller, S, Halwani, R, Hamagharib Abdullah, K, Hamdy, N, Hamoudi, R, Hanifi, N, Hankey, G, Haq, Z, Haque, M, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, S, Hasanian, M, Hasnain, M, Hassan, A, Haubold, J, Hay, S, Hebert, J, Hegazi, O, Heidari, M, Hemmati, M, Henson, C, Herrera-Serna, B, Herteliu, C, Heydari, M, Hezam, K, Hidayana, I, Hiraike, Y, Hoan, N, Holla, R, Hoogar, P, Horita, N, Hossain, M, Hosseinzadeh, H, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hu, C, Huang, J, Hultström, M, Hundie, T, Hunt, A, Hushmandi, K, Hussain, J, Hussain, M, Hussein, N, Huynh, H, Hwang, B, Ibitoye, S, Iftikhar, P, Ikiroma, A, Ikwegbue, P, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Isa, M, Islam, M, Islam, S, Ismail, F, Ismail, N, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Iyamu, I, Jacob, L, Jacobsen, K, Jafarinia, M, Jahankhani, K, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, N, Jairoun, A, Jakhmola Mani, D, Jamil, S, Jamora, R, Jatau, A, Javadov, S, Javaheri, T, Jayaram, S, Jee, S, Jeganathan, J, Jiang, H, Jokar, M, Jonas, J, Joseph, N, Joshua, C, Jürisson, M, K, V, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kadashetti, V, Kalankesh, L, Kalra, S, Kamath, A, Kamath, R, Kamireddy, A, Kanaan, M, Kanchan, T, Kanmiki, E, Kanmodi, K, Kansal, S, Karim, A, Karkhah, S, Kashoo, F, Kasraei, H, Kassel, M, Katikireddi, S, Kauppila, J, Kaur, H, Kayode, G, Kazemi, F, Kazemian, S, Kebede, F, Kendal, E, Kesse-Guyot, E, Khademvatan, S, Khajuria, H, Khalaji, A, Khalid, A, Khalid, N, Khalilian, A, Khamesipour, F, Khan, F, Khan, M, Khanmohammadi, S, Khatab, K, Khatatbeh, H, Khatatbeh, M, Khatib, M, Khayat Kashani, H, Kheirallah, K, Khokhar, M, Khormali, M, Khorrami, Z, Khosla, A, Khosravi, M, Khosrowjerdi, M, Khubchandani, J, Kifle, Z, Kim, G, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Knibbs, L, Knudsen, A, Kochhar, S, Kolahi, A, Kompani, F, Koren, G, Korzh, O, Krishan, K, Krishna, V, Krishnamoorthy, V, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kuddus, M, Kuitunen, I, Kujan, O, Kulimbet, M, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, G, Kumar, H, Kumar, N, Kumar, R, Kumar, V, Kundu, A, Kusuma, D, Kyei-Arthur, F, Kytö, V, Kyu, H, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Ladan, M, Laflamme, L, Lahariya, C, Lai, D, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lám, J, Lan, Q, Lan, T, Landires, I, Lanfranchi, F, Langguth, B, Lansingh, V, Laplante-Lévesque, A, Larijani, B, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Lawlor, H, Le, H, Le, L, Le, N, Le, T, Leasher, J, Lee, D, Lee, M, Lee, P, Lee, S, Lee, Y, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, M, Libra, M, Ligade, V, Lim, L, Lim, S, Limenh, L, Lindholm, D, Lindstedt, P, Listl, S, Liu, G, Liu, S, Liu, X, Llanaj, E, López-Bueno, R, López-Gil, J, Loreche, A, Lotufo, P, Lozano, R, Lubinda, J, Lucchetti, G, Luo, L, Lusk, J, Lv, L, M Amin, H, Ma, Z, Maass, K, Machairas, N, Machoy, M, Madureira-Carvalho, Á, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Maghazachi, A, Mahadeshwara Prasad, D, Mahalleh, M, Mahasha, P, Mahmoud, M, Mahmoudi, E, Mahmoudvand, G, Makama, M, Malakan Rad, E, Malhotra, K, Malik, A, Malta, D, Manla, Y, Mansour, A, Mansouri, M, Mansouri, P, Mansouri, V, Mansourian, M, Mansournia, M, Marasini, B, Marateb, H, Maravilla, J, Mardi, P, Marjani, A, Markazi Moghadam, H, Marrugo Arnedo, C, Martinez, G, Martinez-Piedra, R, Martins-Melo, F, Martorell, M, Marx, W, Marzo, R, Masoudi, S, Mathangasinghe, Y, Mathioudakis, A, Mathur, M, Mathur, N, Matozinhos, F, Mattumpuram, J, Maude, R, Maugeri, A, Mayeli, M, Mazidi, M, Mazzotti, A, Mcgrath, J, Mckee, M, Mckowen, A, Mcphail, M, Mcphail, S, Mehmood, A, Mehrabani-Zeinabad, K, Mehravar, S, Mekene Meto, T, Melese, E, Mendez-Lopez, M, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Mensah, L, Mentis, A, Meo, S, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mersha, A, Mestrovic, T, Mettananda, K, Mettananda, S, Mhlanga, A, Mhlanga, L, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, A, Miller, T, Minh, L, Mirahmadi, A, Mirijello, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, R, Mitchell, P, Mittal, C, Moberg, M, Moghadam Fard, A, Mohajelin, S, Mohamadkhani, A, Mohamed, A, Mohamed, J, Mohamed, M, Mohamed, N, Mohammad, A, Mohammadi, S, Mohammed, H, Mohammed, M, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Momani, S, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Mondello, S, Moni, M, Montazeri, F, Moodi Ghalibaf, A, Moradi, M, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Moreira, R, Morovatdar, N, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mosser, J, Mossialos, E, Motappa, R, Mougin, V, Mousavi, P, Mrejen, M, Mubarik, S, Mueller, U, Mulita, F, Munjal, K, Murillo-Zamora, E, Musallam, K, Musina, A, Mustafa, G, Myung, W, Nafei, A, Nagarajan, A, Naghavi, P, Naik, G, Nainu, F, Najdaghi, S, Nakhostin Ansari, N, Nangia, V, Narasimha Swamy, S, Nargus, S, Narimani Davani, D, Nascimento, B, Nascimento, G, Naser, A, Nashwan, A, Natto, Z, Nauman, J, Navaratna, S, Naveed, M, Nawsherwan, N, Nayak, B, Nayak, V, Negash, H, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Nejadghaderi, S, Nejjari, C, Nematollahi, S, Netsere, H, Ng, M, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, A, Nguyen, D, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, N, Nguyen, P, Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, V, Nguyen Tran Minh, D, Niazi, R, Nigatu, Y, Niknam, M, Nikoobar, A, Nikpoor, A, Nikravangolsefid, N, Noman, E, Nomura, S, Noor, S, Noroozi, N, Nouri, M, Nozari, M, Nri-Ezedi, C, Ntaios, G, Nunemo, M, Nurrika, D, Nutor, J, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Obamiro, K, Odetokun, I, Oduro, M, Ogundijo, O, Ogunfowokan, A, Ogunkoya, A, Oguntade, A, Oh, I, Ojo-Akosile, T, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okekunle, A, Okonji, O, Olagunju, A, Olatubi, M, Oliveira, G, Olusanya, B, Olusanya, J, Oluwafemi, Y, Omar, H, Omer, G, Ong, S, Onie, S, Onwujekwe, O, Opejin, A, Ordak, M, Orish, V, Ortiz, A, Ortiz-Prado, E, Osman, W, Ostojic, S, Ostroff, S, Osuagwu, U, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, S, Ouyahia, A, Owolabi, M, Oyeyemi, O, Ozair, A, P A, M, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, J, Pal, P, Palicz, T, Pan, F, Pan, H, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Pando-Robles, V, Pangaribuan, H, Panos, G, Panos, L, Pantazopoulos, I, Pantea Stoian, A, Parikh, R, Park, E, Park, S, Parsons, N, Parthasarathi, A, Pasovic, M, Passera, R, Patel, J, Pathan, A, Patil, S, Patoulias, D, Pawar, S, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Pease, S, Peden, A, Pedersini, P, Pensato, U, Pepito, V, Peprah, P, Pereira, M, Perianayagam, A, Perico, N, Perna, S, Pesudovs, K, Petermann-Rocha, F, Pham, H, Philip, A, Phillips, M, Pigeolet, M, Piradov, M, Pisoni, E, Plotnikov, E, Poddighe, D, Polibin, R, Poluru, R, Ponkilainen, V, Popovic, D, Postma, M, Pour-Rashidi, A, Prabhu, D, Prada, S, Pradhan, J, Pradhan, P, Prashant, A, Prates, E, Priscilla, T, Purnobasuki, H, Purohit, B, Puvvula, J, Qasim, N, Qattea, I, Qazi, A, Qian, G, Rabiee Rad, M, Radhakrishnan, V, Raeisi Shahraki, H, Rafferty, Q, Raggi, A, Raggi, C, Raheem, N, Rahim, F, Rahim, M, Rahimibarghani, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, T, Rahmani, A, Rahmanian, M, Rahmanian, N, Rahmati, R, Rahmawaty, S, Raimondo, D, Raja, A, Rajput, P, Ramadan, M, Ramasamy, S, Ramazanu, S, Ramteke, P, Rana, K, Rana, R, Ranabhat, C, Rane, A, Rao, C, Rao, M, Rasella, D, Rashedi, V, Rashid, A, Rasouli-Saravani, A, Rastogi, P, Rasul, A, Rathish, D, Rathnaiah Babu, G, Rauniyar, S, Ravangard, R, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Raza, R, Redwan, E, Reifels, L, Reitsma, M, Remuzzi, G, Rengasamy, K, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Restaino, S, Reyes, L, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, Z, Rezaeian, M, Rhee, T, Rickard, J, Robalik, T, Robinson-Oden, H, Rocha, H, Rodrigues, M, Rodriguez, J, Roever, L, Romadlon, D, Ronfani, L, Rony, M, Roshandel, G, Rotimi, K, Rout, H, Roy, B, Rubagotti, E, Ruela, G, Rumisha, S, Runghien, T, Russo, M, Saad, A, Saber, K, Saber-Ayad, M, Sabet, C, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Saddler, A, Sadee, B, Sadeghi, M, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Safi, S, Sagar, R, Saghafi, A, Sagoe, D, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, P, Sajid, M, Salam, N, Salamati, P, Salami, A, Saleh, M, Salehi, L, Salem, M, Salemcity, A, Salimi, S, Samadi Kafil, H, Samargandy, S, Samodra, Y, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanna, F, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Saraswathy, S, Saravanan, A, Sarmiento-Suárez, R, Sarode, G, Sarode, S, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Sayeed, A, Scarmeas, N, Schaarschmidt, B, Schinckus, C, Schuermans, A, Schumacher, A, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Selvaraj, S, Semreen, M, Senapati, S, Sengupta, P, Senthilkumaran, S, Serban, D, Sethi, Y, Seylani, A, Shafie, M, Shah, P, Shahbandi, A, Shahid, S, Shahid, W, Shahsavari, H, 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- Published
- 2024
21. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
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Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zitoun, Osama A, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zou, Zhiyong, Zuhlke, Liesl J, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zweck, Elric, Zyoud, Samer H, Wool, Eve E, and Murray, Christopher J L
- Published
- 2024
22. Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
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Yasaman Mansoori, Ali Mansour, Borhan Mansouri, Zeinab Mansouri, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Joemer C Maravilla, Mirko Marino, Abdoljalal Marjani, Gabriel Martinez, Ramon Martinez-Piedra, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Miquel Martorell, Sharmeen Maryam, Roy Rillera Marzo, Alireza Masoudi, Jishanth Mattumpuram, Richard James Maude, Andrea Maugeri, Erin A May, Mahsa Mayeli, Maryam Mazaheri, John J McGrath, Martin McKee, Anna Laura Wensel McKowen, Susan A McLaughlin, Steven M McPhail, Rahul Mehra, Kamran Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Tesfahun Mekene Meto, Max Alberto Mendez Mendez-Lopez, Walter Mendoza, Ritesh G Menezes, George A Mensah, Alexios-Fotios A Mentis, Sultan Ayoub Meo, Mohsen Merati, Atte Meretoja, Tuomo J Meretoja, Abera M Mersha, Tomislav Mestrovic, Pouya Metanat, Kukulege Chamila Dinushi Mettananda, Sachith Mettananda, Adquate Mhlanga, Laurette Mhlanga, Tianyue Mi, Tomasz Miazgowski, Georgia Micha, Irmina Maria Michalek, Ted R Miller, Le Huu Nhat Minh, Mojgan 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O Obamiro, Ismail A Odetokun, Nkechi Martina Odogwu, Martin James O'Donnell, Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya, Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade, James Odhiambo Oguta, In-Hwan Oh, Sylvester Reuben Okeke, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Osaretin Christabel Okonji, Patrick Godwin Okwute, Andrew T Olagunju, Omotola O Olasupo, Matthew Idowu Olatubi, Gláucia Maria Moraes Oliveira, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Gideon Olamilekan Oluwatunase, Hany A Omar, Goran Latif Omer, Obinna E Onwujekwe, Michal Ordak, Orish Ebere Orisakwe, Verner N Orish, Doris V Ortega-Altamirano, Alberto Ortiz, Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Wael M S Osman, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu, Olayinka Osuolale, Adrian Otoiu, Stanislav S Otstavnov, Amel Ouyahia, Guoqing Ouyang, Mayowa O Owolabi, Yaz Ozten, Mahesh Padukudru P A, Mohammad Taha Pahlevan Fallahy, Feng Pan, Hai-Feng Pan, Adrian Pana, Paramjot Panda, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Helena Ullyartha Pangaribuan, Georgios D Panos, Leonidas D Panos, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Anca Mihaela 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D Szeto, Miklós Szócska, Payam Tabaee Damavandi, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Ozra Tabatabaei Malazy, Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh, Shima Tabatabai, Karen M Tabb, Mohammad Tabish, Moslem Taheri Soodejani, Jabeen Taiba, Ardeshir Tajbakhsh, Iman M Talaat, Ashis Talukder, Mircea Tampa, Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi, Ker-Kan Tan, Haosu Tang, Derbie Alemu DA Tareke, Mengistie Kassahun Tariku, Vivian Y Tat, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Mojtaba Teimoori, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani Temsah, Masayuki Teramoto, Dufera Rikitu Terefa, Riki Tesler, Enoch Teye-Kwadjo, Ramna Thakur, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Rekha Thapar, Samar Tharwat, Rasiah Thayakaran, Nihal Thomas, Ales Tichopad, Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu, Tenaw Yimer Tiruye, Mariya Vladimirovna Titova, Marcello Tonelli, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Eugenio Traini, Jasmine T Tran, Nghia Minh Tran, Indang Trihandini, Samuel Joseph Tromans, Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini, Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Sayed Mohammad Nazim Uddin, Aniefiok John Udoakang, Arit Udoh, Atta Ullah, Saeed Ullah, Sana Ullah, Srikanth Umakanthan, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Brigid Unim, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Era Upadhyay, Jibrin Sammani Usman, Marco Vacante, Seyed Mohammad Vahabi, Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan, Rohollah Valizadeh, Jef Van den Eynde, Elena Varavikova, Orsolya Varga, Priya Vart, Shoban Babu Varthya, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Balachandar Vellingiri, Deneshkumar Venugopal, Nicholas Alexander Verghese, Madhur Verma, Massimiliano Veroux, Georgios-Ioannis Verras, Dominique Vervoort, Jorge Hugo Villafañe, Manish Vinayak, Francesco S Violante, Mukesh Vishwakarma, Sergey Konstantinovitch Vladimirov, Vasily Vlassov, Bay Vo, Simona Ruxandra Volovat, Theo Vos, Isidora S Vujcic, Hatem A Wafa, Yasir Waheed, Elias Bekele Wakwoya, Cong Wang, Denny Wang, Fang Wang, Shu Wang, Yanzhong Wang, Yuan-Pang Wang, Paul Ward, Emebet Gashaw Wassie, Stefanie Watson, Marcia R Weaver, Kosala Gayan Weerakoon, Daniel J Weiss, Katherine M Wells, Yi Feng Wen, Ronny Westerman, Taweewat Wiangkham, Dakshitha Praneeth Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Peter Willeit, Yohannes Addisu Wondimagegene, Felicia Wu, Juan Xia, Hong Xiao, Gelin Xu, Suowen Xu, Xiaoyue Xu, Ali Yadollahpour, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Tina Yaghoobpour, Sajad Yaghoubi, Zwanden Sule Yahaya, Danting Yang, Lin Yang, Yuichiro Yano, Habib Yaribeygi, Pengpeng Ye, Renjulal Yesodharan, Subah Abderehim Yesuf, Saber Yezli, Amanuel Yigezu, Paul Yip, Dong Keon Yon, Naohiro Yonemoto, Yuyi You, Mustafa Z Younis, Zabihollah Yousefi, Chuanhua Yu, Yong Yu, Chun-Wei Yuan, Nima Zafari, Fathiah Zakham, Nazar Zaki, Giulia Zamagni, Milad Zandi, Ghazal G Z Zandieh, Moein Zangiabadian, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Haijun Zhang, Meixin Zhang, Yunquan Zhang, Chenwen Zhong, Juexiao Zhou, Bin Zhu, Lei Zhu, Magdalena Zielińska, Zhiyong Zou, Samer H Zyoud, Christopher J L Murray, Amanda E Smith, and Stein Emil Vollset
- Abstract
Background: Accurate assessments of current and future fertility-including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions-are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical challenges that these changes will bring. Estimates and projections of fertility are necessary to inform policies involving resource and health-care needs, labour supply, education, gender equality, and family planning and support. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 produced up-to-date and comprehensive demographic assessments of key fertility indicators at global, regional, and national levels from 1950 to 2021 and forecast fertility metrics to 2100 based on a reference scenario and key policy-dependent alternative scenarios. Methods: To estimate fertility indicators from 1950 to 2021, mixed-effects regression models and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression were used to synthesise data from 8709 country-years of vital and sample registrations, 1455 surveys and censuses, and 150 other sources, and to generate age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) for 5-year age groups from age 10 years to 54 years. ASFRs were summed across age groups to produce estimates of total fertility rate (TFR). Livebirths were calculated by multiplying ASFR and age-specific female population, then summing across ages 10-54 years. To forecast future fertility up to 2100, our Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) forecasting model was based on projections of completed cohort fertility at age 50 years (CCF50; the average number of children born over time to females from a specified birth cohort), which yields more stable and accurate measures of fertility than directly modelling TFR. CCF50 was modelled using an ensemble approach in which three sub-models (with two, three, and four covariates variously consisting of female educational attainment, contraceptive met need, population density in
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- 2024
23. Selection of Most Suitable Secondary School Alternative by Multi-Criteria Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
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Rahman, N. S. M. Rezaur, Chowdhury, Md. Abdul Ahad, Siraj, Abdullah-Al Nahian, Rahman, Rashedur M., Karim, Rezaul, Alam, K. M. Arafat, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Choroś, Kazimierz, editor, Kopel, Marek, editor, Kukla, Elżbieta, editor, and Siemiński, Andrzej, editor
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- 2019
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24. Thermal activation Eyring energy approach to characterise the dependence of nanoscale friction on the surface roughness
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Umer, J., Saleem, F., Asim, M., Usman, M., Kamran, M.S., Alam, K., and Mohammadpour, M.
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- 2020
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25. Effect of enrichment functions on GFEM solutions of time-dependent conduction heat transfer problems
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Iqbal, M., Alam, K., Gimperlein, H., Laghrouche, O., and Mohamed, M.S.
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- 2020
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26. An extensive study on the performance of a novel QDIBSC Material
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Nath, B., primary, Nath, K., additional, Alam, K., additional, and Matin, M. A., additional
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- 2023
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27. Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Using Atmospheric Plasma for Prospective Biological Applications
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Alam K, Jo YY, Park CK, and Cho H
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reduced graphene oxide ,graphene oxide ,atmospheric plasma ,biocompatibility ,mtt assay ,hydrophobicity ,super-hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Khurshed Alam,1,* Youn Yi Jo,2,* Chul-Kyu Park,3 Hoonsung Cho1 1School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; 3Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chul-Kyu ParkGachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of KoreaTel +82-32-899-6692Fax +82-32-724-9071Email pck0708@gachon.ac.krHoonsung ChoSchool of Materials Science & Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of KoreaTel +82-62-530-1717Fax +82-62-530-1699Email cho.hoonsung@jnu.ac.krIntroduction: This paper presents a novel technique for the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) with various surface features using high-density atmospheric plasma deposition. Furthermore, to investigate the use of hydrophobic, super-hydrophobic, and hydrophilic graphene in biological applications, we synthesized hydrophobic, super-hydrophobic, and hydrophilic graphene oxides by additional heat treatment and argon plasma treatment, respectively. In contrast to conventional fabrication procedures, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) formed under low pressure and high-temperature environment using a new synthesis method—developed and described in this study—offers a convenient deposition method on any kind surface with controlled wettability.Methods: High density at atmospheric plasma is used for the synthesis of rGO and GO and its biocompatibility based on various wetting properties was evaluated using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, and the viability of cells in response to rGO and GO with various surface features was investigated. Structural integrity was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, FESEM and FE-TEM. Wettability was measured via contact angle method and confirmed with XPS analysis.Results: We found that GO coating with a hydrophilic feature is more biocompatible than other surfaces as observed in case of fibroblast cells. We have shown that wettability—controlled by GO deposition—influences biocompatibilities and antibacterial effect of biomaterial surfaces.Discussion: Measuring the contact angle, it is found that contact angle for hydrophobic is increased to 150.590 and reduced to 11.580 by heat and argon plasma treatment, respectively, from 75.880 that was initially in the case of hydrophobic surface. XPS analysis confirmed various oxygen-containing functional groups transforming as deposited hydrophobic surface into superhydrophobic and hydrophilic surface. Thus, we have proposed a new, direct, cost-effective, and highly productive method for the synthesis of rGO and GO—with various surface properties—for biological applications. Similarly, for the dental implant application, the Streptococcus mutans was used as an antibacterial effect and found that S. mutans grows slowly on hydrophilic surface. Thus, antibacterial effect was prominent on GO with hydrophilic surface.Keywords: reduced graphene oxide, graphene oxide, atmospheric plasma, biocompatibility, MTT assay, hydrophobicity, super-hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity
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- 2020
28. Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026
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Micah, A, Bhangdia, K, Cogswell, I, Lasher, D, Lidral-Porter, B, Maddison, E, Nguyen, T, Patel, N, Pedroza, P, Solorio, J, Stutzman, H, Tsakalos, G, Wang, Y, Warriner, W, Zhao, Y, Zlavog, B, Abbafati, C, Abbas, J, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abdelmasseh, M, Abdulah, D, Abedi, A, Abegaz, K, Abhilash, E, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, M, Abubaker Ali, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adem, M, Afzal, M, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akbarialiabad, H, Akelew, Y, Al Hamad, H, Alam, K, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Al-Hanawi, M, Alhassan, R, Aljunid, S, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Amare, A, Ameyaw, E, Amini-Rarani, M, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Anwar, S, Appiah, F, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aravkin, A, Aremu, O, Aruleba, R, Athari, S, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Baig, A, Bantie, A, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Baune, B, Berezvai, Z, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Boachie, M, Bodolica, V, Botelho, J, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, N, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Catala-Lopez, F, Chansa, C, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chen, S, Chukwu, I, Dadras, O, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargahi, A, Debela, S, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Desye, B, Dharmaratne, S, Diao, N, Doan, L, Dodangeh, M, dos Santos, W, Doshmangir, L, Dube, J, Eini, E, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Enyew, D, Eskandarieh, S, Ezati Asar, M, Fagbamigbe, A, Faraon, E, Fatehizadeh, A, Fattahi, H, Fekadu, G, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Fowobaje, K, Freitas, A, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Gaal, P, Gamkrelidze, A, Garcia-Gordillo, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Gerema, U, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S, Ghanbari, R, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Golechha, M, Golinelli, D, Goshu, Y, Goyomsa, G, Guha, A, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Hamidi, S, Harapan, H, Hashempour, R, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Heyi, D, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Hoque, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hussain, S, Ilesanmi, O, Immurana, M, Iradukunda, A, Ismail, N, Isola, G, J, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, S, Jemere, D, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kadashetti, V, Kadel, R, Kadir, D, Kalankesh, L, Kamath, R, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karimi, S, Kassa, B, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keshri, V, Keskin, C, Khader, Y, Khafaie, M, Khajuria, H, Khayat Kashani, H, Kifle, Z, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kohler, S, Kompani, F, Kosen, S, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kusuma, D, Lam, J, Lamnisos, D, Larsson, A, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lenzi, J, Lim, L, Lorenzovici, L, Lozano, R, Machado, V, Madadizadeh, F, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Mahmoudi, R, Majeed, A, Malekpour, M, Manda, A, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Marrugo Arnedo, C, Martorell, M, Masoud, A, Mathews, E, Maude, R, Mechili, E, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mendes, J, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mesregah, M, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirutse, M, Mirza, M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Misganaw, A, Moccia, M, Moghadasi, J, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadshahi, M, Mohammed, S, Mohseni, M, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Mossialos, E, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Murthy, S, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, A, Naidoo, K, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Naqvi, A, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Noroozi, N, Noubiap, J, Nuruzzaman, K, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Obi, F, Ogunkoya, A, Oh, I, Okonji, O, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Onwujekwe, O, Opio, J, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Palicz, T, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Parekh, T, Pasupula, D, Patel, J, Patton, G, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pawar, S, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Petcu, I, Piracha, Z, Poursadeqiyan, M, Pourtaheri, N, Prada, S, Rafiei, S, Raghav, P, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Raru, T, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M, Ravangard, R, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Redwan, E, Reiner, R, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Riaz, M, Rodriguez, J, Saad, A, Saddik, B, Sadeghian, S, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Sahu, M, Saki, M, Salamati, P, Salari, H, Salehi, S, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santos, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Savic, M, Sayadi, Y, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Setshegetso, N, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, M, Shakhmardanov, M, Shanawaz, M, Sharew, M, Sharew, N, Sharma, R, Shayan, M, Sheikh, A, Shenoy, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, P, Shivakumar, K, Silva, L, Simegn, W, Singh, J, Singh, K, Skhvitaridze, N, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Socea, B, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Stefan, S, Suleman, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tat, N, Tat, V, Tefera, B, Tichopad, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tudor Car, L, Tufa, D, Vasankari, T, Vasic, M, Vervoort, D, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vu, L, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, C, Wassie, G, Wickramasinghe, N, Yaya, S, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaki, L, Zaman, B, Zangeneh, A, Zare Dehnavi, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeng, W, Zhang, Z, Zuhlke, L, Zuniga, Y, Hay, S, Murray, C, Dieleman, J, Micah A. E., Bhangdia K., Cogswell I. E., Lasher D., Lidral-Porter B., Maddison E. R., Nguyen T. N. N., Patel N., Pedroza P., Solorio J., Stutzman H., Tsakalos G., Wang Y., Warriner W., Zhao Y., Zlavog B. S., Abbafati C., Abbas J., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbasi-Kangevari Z., Abdelmasseh M., Abdulah D. M., Abedi A., Abegaz K. H., Abhilash E. S., Aboagye R. G., Abolhassani H., Abrigo M. R. M., Abubaker Ali H., Abu-Gharbieh E., Adem M. H., Afzal M. S., Ahmadi A., Ahmed H., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akbarialiabad H., Akelew Y., Al Hamad H., Alam K., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Al-Hanawi M. K., Alhassan R. K., Aljunid S. M., Almustanyir S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Alvis-Guzman N., Alvis-Zakzuk N. J., Amare A. T., Ameyaw E. K., Amini-Rarani M., Amu H., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Anwar S. L., Appiah F., Aqeel M., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aravkin A. Y., Aremu O., Aruleba R. T., Athari S. S., Avila-Burgos L., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Baig A. A., Bantie A. T., Barrow A., Baskaran P., Basu S., Batiha A. -M. M., Baune B. T., Berezvai Z., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhaskar S., Boachie M. K., Bodolica V., Botelho J. S. B., Braithwaite D., Breitborde N. J. K., Busse R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Catala-Lopez F., Chansa C., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chen S., Chukwu I. S., Dadras O., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargahi A., Debela S. A., Denova-Gutierrez E., Desye B., Dharmaratne S. D., Diao N., Doan L. P., Dodangeh M., dos Santos W. M., Doshmangir L., Dube J., Eini E., El Sayed Zaki M., El Tantawi M., Enyew D. B., Eskandarieh S., Ezati Asar M., Fagbamigbe A. F., Faraon E. J. A., Fatehizadeh A., Fattahi H., Fekadu G., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Fowobaje K. R., Freitas A., Fukumoto T., Fullman N., Gaal P. A., Gamkrelidze A., Garcia-Gordillo M. A., Gebrehiwot M., Gerema U., Ghafourifard M., Ghamari S. -H., Ghanbari R., Ghashghaee A., Gholamrezanezhad A., Golechha M., Golinelli D., Goshu Y. A., Goyomsa G. G., Guha A., Gunawardane D. A., Gupta B., Hamidi S., Harapan H., Hashempour R., Hayat K., Heidari G., Heredia-Pi I., Herteliu C., Heyi D. Z., Hezam K., Hiraike Y., Hlongwa M. M., Holla R., Hoque M. E., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hussain S., Ilesanmi O. S., Immurana M., Iradukunda A., Ismail N. E., Isola G., J L. M., Jakovljevic M., Jalili M., Janodia M. D., Javaheri T., Jayapal S. K., Jemere D. M., Joo T., Joseph N., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kaambwa B., Kadashetti V., Kadel R., Kadir D. H., Kalankesh L. R., Kamath R., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Karanth S. D., Karaye I. M., Karimi S. E., Kassa B. G., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keshri V. R., Keskin C., Khader Y. S., Khafaie M. A., Khajuria H., Khayat Kashani H. R., Kifle Z. D., Kim H., Kim J., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kohler S., Kompani F., Kosen S., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Kusuma D., Lam J., Lamnisos D., Larsson A. O., Lee S. -W., Lee S. W. H., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lenzi J., Lim L. -L., Lorenzovici L., Lozano R., Machado V. S. M., Madadizadeh F., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Mahmoudi R., Majeed A., Malekpour M. -R., Manda A. L., Mansouri B., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Marrugo Arnedo C. A., Martorell M., Masoud A., Mathews E., Maude R. J., Mechili E. A., Mehrabi Nasab E., Mendes J. J. J. M., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mesregah M. K., Mestrovic T., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirutse M. K., Mirza M., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M., Misganaw A., Moccia M., Moghadasi J., Mohammadi E., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadshahi M., Mohammed S., Mohseni M., Mokdad A. H., Monasta L., Mossialos E., Mostafavi E., Mousavi Isfahani H., Mpundu-Kaambwa C., Murthy S., Muthupandian S., Nagarajan A. J., Naidoo K. S., Naimzada M. D., Nangia V., Naqvi A. A., Nayak B. P., Ndejjo R., Nguyen T. H., Noroozi N., Noubiap J. J., Nuruzzaman K. M., Nzoputam C. I., Nzoputam O. J., Oancea B., Obi F. C. A., Ogunkoya A., Oh I. -H., Okonji O. C., Olagunju A. T., Olagunju T. O., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Onwujekwe O. E., Opio J. N., Otoiu A., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Palicz T., Palladino R., Pana A., Parekh T., Pasupula D. K., Patel J., Patton G. C., Paudel U., Paun M., Pawar S., Perna S., Perumalsamy N., Petcu I. -R., Piracha Z. Z., Poursadeqiyan M., Pourtaheri N., Prada S. I., Rafiei S., Raghav P. R., Rahim F., Rahman M. H. U., Rahman M., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Raru T. B., Rashedi S., Rashidi M. -M., Ravangard R., Rawaf S., Rawassizadeh R., Redwan E. M. M., Reiner R. C., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezaei M., Rezaei N., Riaz M. A., Rodriguez J. A. B., Saad A. M. A., Saddik B., Sadeghian S., Saeb M. R., Saeed U., Sahu M., Saki M., Salamati P., Salari H., Salehi S., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanmarchi F., Santos J. V., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Sarikhani Y., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Savic M., Sayadi Y., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Setshegetso N., Seylani A., Shahabi S., Shaikh M. A., Shakhmardanov M. Z., Shanawaz M., Sharew M. M. S., Sharew N. T., Sharma R., Shayan M., Sheikh A., Shenoy S. M., Shetty A., Shetty P. H., Shivakumar K. M., Silva L. M. L. R., Simegn W., Singh J. A., Singh K., Skhvitaridze N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Socea B., Solomon Y., Song S., Stefan S. C., Suleman M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tat N. Y., Tat V. Y., Tefera B. N., Tichopad A., Tobe-Gai R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tudor Car L., Tufa D. G., Vasankari T. J., Vasic M., Vervoort D., Vlassov V., Vo B., Vu L. G., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang C., Wassie G. T., Wickramasinghe N. D., Yaya S., Yigit A., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaki L., Zaman B. A., Zangeneh A., Zare Dehnavi A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeng W., Zhang Z. -J., Zuhlke L. J., Zuniga Y. M. H., Hay S. I., Murray C. J. L., Dieleman J. L., Micah, A, Bhangdia, K, Cogswell, I, Lasher, D, Lidral-Porter, B, Maddison, E, Nguyen, T, Patel, N, Pedroza, P, Solorio, J, Stutzman, H, Tsakalos, G, Wang, Y, Warriner, W, Zhao, Y, Zlavog, B, Abbafati, C, Abbas, J, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abdelmasseh, M, Abdulah, D, Abedi, A, Abegaz, K, Abhilash, E, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, M, Abubaker Ali, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adem, M, Afzal, M, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akbarialiabad, H, Akelew, Y, Al Hamad, H, Alam, K, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Al-Hanawi, M, Alhassan, R, Aljunid, S, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Amare, A, Ameyaw, E, Amini-Rarani, M, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Anwar, S, Appiah, F, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aravkin, A, Aremu, O, Aruleba, R, Athari, S, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Baig, A, Bantie, A, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Baune, B, Berezvai, Z, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Boachie, M, Bodolica, V, Botelho, J, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, N, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Catala-Lopez, F, Chansa, C, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chen, S, Chukwu, I, Dadras, O, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargahi, A, Debela, S, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Desye, B, Dharmaratne, S, Diao, N, Doan, L, Dodangeh, M, dos Santos, W, Doshmangir, L, Dube, J, Eini, E, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Enyew, D, Eskandarieh, S, Ezati Asar, M, Fagbamigbe, A, Faraon, E, Fatehizadeh, A, Fattahi, H, Fekadu, G, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Fowobaje, K, Freitas, A, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Gaal, P, Gamkrelidze, A, Garcia-Gordillo, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Gerema, U, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S, Ghanbari, R, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Golechha, M, Golinelli, D, Goshu, Y, Goyomsa, G, Guha, A, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Hamidi, S, Harapan, H, Hashempour, R, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Heyi, D, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Hoque, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hussain, S, Ilesanmi, O, Immurana, M, Iradukunda, A, Ismail, N, Isola, G, J, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, S, Jemere, D, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kadashetti, V, Kadel, R, Kadir, D, Kalankesh, L, Kamath, R, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karimi, S, Kassa, B, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keshri, V, Keskin, C, Khader, Y, Khafaie, M, Khajuria, H, Khayat Kashani, H, Kifle, Z, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kohler, S, Kompani, F, Kosen, S, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kusuma, D, Lam, J, Lamnisos, D, Larsson, A, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lenzi, J, Lim, L, Lorenzovici, L, Lozano, R, Machado, V, Madadizadeh, F, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Mahmoudi, R, Majeed, A, Malekpour, M, Manda, A, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Marrugo Arnedo, C, Martorell, M, Masoud, A, Mathews, E, Maude, R, Mechili, E, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mendes, J, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mesregah, M, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirutse, M, Mirza, M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Misganaw, A, Moccia, M, Moghadasi, J, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadshahi, M, Mohammed, S, Mohseni, M, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Mossialos, E, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Murthy, S, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, A, Naidoo, K, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Naqvi, A, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Noroozi, N, Noubiap, J, Nuruzzaman, K, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Obi, F, Ogunkoya, A, Oh, I, Okonji, O, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Onwujekwe, O, Opio, J, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Palicz, T, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Parekh, T, Pasupula, D, Patel, J, Patton, G, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pawar, S, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Petcu, I, Piracha, Z, Poursadeqiyan, M, Pourtaheri, N, Prada, S, Rafiei, S, Raghav, P, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Raru, T, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M, Ravangard, R, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Redwan, E, Reiner, R, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Riaz, M, Rodriguez, J, Saad, A, Saddik, B, Sadeghian, S, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Sahu, M, Saki, M, Salamati, P, Salari, H, Salehi, S, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santos, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Savic, M, Sayadi, Y, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Setshegetso, N, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, M, Shakhmardanov, M, Shanawaz, M, Sharew, M, Sharew, N, Sharma, R, Shayan, M, Sheikh, A, Shenoy, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, P, Shivakumar, K, Silva, L, Simegn, W, Singh, J, Singh, K, Skhvitaridze, N, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Socea, B, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Stefan, S, Suleman, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tat, N, Tat, V, Tefera, B, Tichopad, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tudor Car, L, Tufa, D, Vasankari, T, Vasic, M, Vervoort, D, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vu, L, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, C, Wassie, G, Wickramasinghe, N, Yaya, S, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaki, L, Zaman, B, Zangeneh, A, Zare Dehnavi, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeng, W, Zhang, Z, Zuhlke, L, Zuniga, Y, Hay, S, Murray, C, Dieleman, J, Micah A. E., Bhangdia K., Cogswell I. E., Lasher D., Lidral-Porter B., Maddison E. R., Nguyen T. N. N., Patel N., Pedroza P., Solorio J., Stutzman H., Tsakalos G., Wang Y., Warriner W., Zhao Y., Zlavog B. S., Abbafati C., Abbas J., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbasi-Kangevari Z., Abdelmasseh M., Abdulah D. M., Abedi A., Abegaz K. H., Abhilash E. S., Aboagye R. G., Abolhassani H., Abrigo M. R. M., Abubaker Ali H., Abu-Gharbieh E., Adem M. H., Afzal M. S., Ahmadi A., Ahmed H., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akbarialiabad H., Akelew Y., Al Hamad H., Alam K., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Al-Hanawi M. K., Alhassan R. K., Aljunid S. M., Almustanyir S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Alvis-Guzman N., Alvis-Zakzuk N. J., Amare A. T., Ameyaw E. K., Amini-Rarani M., Amu H., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Anwar S. L., Appiah F., Aqeel M., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aravkin A. Y., Aremu O., Aruleba R. T., Athari S. S., Avila-Burgos L., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Baig A. A., Bantie A. T., Barrow A., Baskaran P., Basu S., Batiha A. -M. M., Baune B. T., Berezvai Z., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhaskar S., Boachie M. K., Bodolica V., Botelho J. S. B., Braithwaite D., Breitborde N. J. K., Busse R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Catala-Lopez F., Chansa C., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chen S., Chukwu I. S., Dadras O., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargahi A., Debela S. A., Denova-Gutierrez E., Desye B., Dharmaratne S. D., Diao N., Doan L. P., Dodangeh M., dos Santos W. M., Doshmangir L., Dube J., Eini E., El Sayed Zaki M., El Tantawi M., Enyew D. B., Eskandarieh S., Ezati Asar M., Fagbamigbe A. F., Faraon E. J. A., Fatehizadeh A., Fattahi H., Fekadu G., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Fowobaje K. R., Freitas A., Fukumoto T., Fullman N., Gaal P. A., Gamkrelidze A., Garcia-Gordillo M. A., Gebrehiwot M., Gerema U., Ghafourifard M., Ghamari S. -H., Ghanbari R., Ghashghaee A., Gholamrezanezhad A., Golechha M., Golinelli D., Goshu Y. A., Goyomsa G. G., Guha A., Gunawardane D. A., Gupta B., Hamidi S., Harapan H., Hashempour R., Hayat K., Heidari G., Heredia-Pi I., Herteliu C., Heyi D. Z., Hezam K., Hiraike Y., Hlongwa M. M., Holla R., Hoque M. E., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hussain S., Ilesanmi O. S., Immurana M., Iradukunda A., Ismail N. E., Isola G., J L. M., Jakovljevic M., Jalili M., Janodia M. D., Javaheri T., Jayapal S. K., Jemere D. M., Joo T., Joseph N., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kaambwa B., Kadashetti V., Kadel R., Kadir D. H., Kalankesh L. R., Kamath R., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Karanth S. D., Karaye I. M., Karimi S. E., Kassa B. G., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keshri V. R., Keskin C., Khader Y. S., Khafaie M. A., Khajuria H., Khayat Kashani H. R., Kifle Z. D., Kim H., Kim J., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kohler S., Kompani F., Kosen S., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Kusuma D., Lam J., Lamnisos D., Larsson A. O., Lee S. -W., Lee S. W. H., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lenzi J., Lim L. -L., Lorenzovici L., Lozano R., Machado V. S. M., Madadizadeh F., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Mahmoudi R., Majeed A., Malekpour M. -R., Manda A. L., Mansouri B., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Marrugo Arnedo C. A., Martorell M., Masoud A., Mathews E., Maude R. J., Mechili E. A., Mehrabi Nasab E., Mendes J. J. J. M., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mesregah M. K., Mestrovic T., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirutse M. K., Mirza M., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M., Misganaw A., Moccia M., Moghadasi J., Mohammadi E., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadshahi M., Mohammed S., Mohseni M., Mokdad A. H., Monasta L., Mossialos E., Mostafavi E., Mousavi Isfahani H., Mpundu-Kaambwa C., Murthy S., Muthupandian S., Nagarajan A. J., Naidoo K. S., Naimzada M. D., Nangia V., Naqvi A. A., Nayak B. P., Ndejjo R., Nguyen T. H., Noroozi N., Noubiap J. J., Nuruzzaman K. M., Nzoputam C. I., Nzoputam O. J., Oancea B., Obi F. C. A., Ogunkoya A., Oh I. -H., Okonji O. C., Olagunju A. T., Olagunju T. O., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Onwujekwe O. E., Opio J. N., Otoiu A., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Palicz T., Palladino R., Pana A., Parekh T., Pasupula D. K., Patel J., Patton G. C., Paudel U., Paun M., Pawar S., Perna S., Perumalsamy N., Petcu I. -R., Piracha Z. Z., Poursadeqiyan M., Pourtaheri N., Prada S. I., Rafiei S., Raghav P. R., Rahim F., Rahman M. H. U., Rahman M., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Raru T. B., Rashedi S., Rashidi M. -M., Ravangard R., Rawaf S., Rawassizadeh R., Redwan E. M. M., Reiner R. C., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezaei M., Rezaei N., Riaz M. A., Rodriguez J. A. B., Saad A. M. A., Saddik B., Sadeghian S., Saeb M. R., Saeed U., Sahu M., Saki M., Salamati P., Salari H., Salehi S., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanmarchi F., Santos J. V., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Sarikhani Y., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Savic M., Sayadi Y., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Setshegetso N., Seylani A., Shahabi S., Shaikh M. A., Shakhmardanov M. Z., Shanawaz M., Sharew M. M. S., Sharew N. T., Sharma R., Shayan M., Sheikh A., Shenoy S. M., Shetty A., Shetty P. H., Shivakumar K. M., Silva L. M. L. R., Simegn W., Singh J. A., Singh K., Skhvitaridze N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Socea B., Solomon Y., Song S., Stefan S. C., Suleman M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tat N. Y., Tat V. Y., Tefera B. N., Tichopad A., Tobe-Gai R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tudor Car L., Tufa D. G., Vasankari T. J., Vasic M., Vervoort D., Vlassov V., Vo B., Vu L. G., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang C., Wassie G. T., Wickramasinghe N. D., Yaya S., Yigit A., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaki L., Zaman B. A., Zangeneh A., Zare Dehnavi A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeng W., Zhang Z. -J., Zuhlke L. J., Zuniga Y. M. H., Hay S. I., Murray C. J. L., and Dieleman J. L.
- Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic; characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic; and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019; 293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provid
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- 2023
29. Fabrication of hexagonally ordered nanopores in anodic alumina: An alternative pretreatment
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Alam, K. M., Singh, A. P., Bodepudi, S. C., and Pramanik, S.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter - Abstract
Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) or anodic alumina template containing hexagonally ordered nanopores has been widely used over the last decade for the development of numerous functional nanostructures such as nanoscale sensors, computing networks and memories. The long range pore order requires the starting aluminum surface to be extremely smooth. Electropolishing is the most commonly used method for surface planarization prior to anodization. While prevalent, this method has several limitations in terms of throughput, polishing area and requirement of special experimental setups, which introduce additional speed bottlenecks in the intrinsically slow AAO-based nanofabrication process. In this work we report a new generation of the so-called "chemical polishing" approach which circumvents these stumbling blocks in the pretreatment phase and offers a viable, simpler, safer and faster alternative to electropolishing. These benefits are obtained without sacrificing the quality of the final AAO template. In this work we have (a) identified the optimum parameter regime for chemical polishing and (b) determined process conditions for which a novel parallel nanoridge configuration self-assembles and extends over a distance of several microns. Such patterns can be used as a mask for fabricating nanocrossbars, which are the main structural components in myriad nanoscale memories and crosspoint architectures.
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- 2011
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30. Benign and Malignant Oral Lesion Image Classification Using Fine-Tuned Transfer Learning Techniques
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Islam, Md. Monirul, primary, Alam, K. M. Rafiqul, additional, Uddin, Jia, additional, Ashraf, Imran, additional, and Samad, Md Abdus, additional
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- 2023
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31. Exploration of phase separation and several physicochemical parameters of the mixture of triton X-100 and ceftriaxone sodium salt: influences of the composition of sodium salts
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Rony, Md. Rafiul Islam, primary, Khan, Javed Masood, additional, Islam, Md. Rafikul, additional, Alam, K. M. Khairul, additional, Kumar, Dileep, additional, Ahmad, Anis, additional, Rana, Shahed, additional, and Hoque, Md. Anamul, additional
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- 2023
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32. Predictors of health care use in Australian cancer patients
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Rana RH, Alam K, Gow J, and Ralph N
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Cancer ,healthcare utilization ,primary preventive care ,inequality ,psychological distress ,HILDA ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Rezwanul Hasan Rana,1,2 Khorshed Alam,1,2 Jeff Gow,1,3 Nicholas Ralph4–61School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia; 2Centre for Health, Informatics and Economic Research, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, Australia; 3School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; 4Health Systems & Psycho-Oncology, Cancer Council Queensland, Queensland, Australia; 5School of Nursing, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, Australia; 6St Vincent’s Private Hospital, Queensland, AustraliaObjective: The purpose of this study is to measure health care utilization in Australian cancer patients based on their demographic, geographic and socioeconomic backgrounds.Method: A total of 13,609 participants (aged 15 and over) from 7,230 households were interviewed as part of Wave 13 of the national Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. Five hundred and seventeen participants indicated a current cancer diagnosis with 90% of those receiving active treatment at the time of interview. Independent sample t-tests, Pearson Chi-sq tests, Kruskal‒Wallis H test, binary logistic regression and a zero-inflated Poisson regression were used to examine inequality in health care use.Results: Demographic and sociocultural factors such as advancing age, gender, low income, low education status, rurality, no private health insurance, increased psychological distress and less access to specialist care are associated with lower health care utilization among cancer patients. However, models of care such as general practitioner-led cancer care is preferable in younger individuals with cancer, while accessing specialist care is associated with lower rates of hospitalization and higher levels of psychological distress increases hospital length of stay.Conclusions: The findings of lower health care utilization by those cancer patients with characteristics of disadvantage have implications for policy development and intervention design. Broadly, policies targeting structural social inequities are likely to increase health care utilization among the most affected/disadvantaged populations. Further investigation is needed to identify potential links between health care utilization and cancer outcomes as a step toward targeted interventions for improving outcomes in the adversely affected groups.Keywords: cancer, health care utilization, primary preventive care, inequality, psychological distress, HILDA
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- 2019
33. Cisplatin-Capecitabine vs Oxaliplatin-Capecitabine: Comparison of Outcomes in Advanced Gastric Carcinoma Patients
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Major Tariq Hasan, Shams, M. J, Rahman, M. M, Alam, K, Hasan, M. Z, and Kundu, S
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General Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic choice for advanced gastric cancer. Different types of medicine combinations are can be used for chemotherapy treatment, but oxaliplatin is one of the more common ones, used to treat metastasized cancer. But recently, cisplatin has shown similar outcome, while costing less for the patients and the hospital. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cisplatin-capecitabine versus oxaliplatin-capecitabine in treating advanced gastric cancer by measuring disease response and toxicity levels. Methods: This Quasi-Experimental study was conducted at the Department of Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 1 year, from February 2021 to March 2022. During this period, a total of 64 cases of advanced gastric cancer were divided in two equal groups, Arm A who had received cisplatin capecitabine, and Arm B who received oxaliplatin capecitabine. Result: In Arm A, 18 (56.3%) patients exhibited partial response (PR), whereas 15 (46.9%) patients in Arm B showed PR. Stable diseases (SD) were also reported in both arms (18.8% in arm A and 21.9% in arm B). There were 8 (25.0%) cases of progressive disease (PD) in Arm A and 10 (31.3%) cases in Arm B. The most prevalent toxicities in both arms were vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, neutropenia, oral mucositis, paresthesia, hand-foot syndrome, and renal toxicity. There were no statistically significant variations in outcomes between the two arms (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: In advanced gastric cancer, the Cisplatin-Capecitabine regimen is equally effective as Oxaliplatin-Capecitabine, and there was no significant difference between the presenting toxic effects. As the Cisplatin-Capecitabine regimen is less costly than the combination of Oxaliplatin-Capecitabine, and shows similar outcomes in terms of response and toxicity, it is a valid alternative choice of medicine for patients who are unable to afford an .........
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- 2022
34. Emergence of a novel sublineage, MYMBD21 under SA-2018 lineage of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus serotype O in Bangladesh
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Hossain, Kazi Alamgir, primary, Anjume, Humaira, additional, Alam, K. M. Mazharul, additional, Yeamin, Ashabul, additional, Akter, Salma, additional, Hossain, M. Anwar, additional, and Sultana, Munawar, additional
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- 2023
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35. Polymers Tribology Exposed: Eliminating Transfer Film Effects to Clarify Ultralow Wear of PTFE
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Alam, K. Istiaque, Dorazio, Anthony, and Burris, D. L.
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- 2020
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36. Integrating policy, system strengthening, research and harmonized services delivery for scaling up drinking water safety in Bangladesh
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Onabolu, B., primary, Khan, E., additional, Chowdhury, J., additional, Akter, N., additional, Ghosh, S.K., additional, Rahman, M.S., additional, Bhattacharya, P., additional, Johnston, D., additional, Alam, K., additional, Ahmed, F., additional, Amin, R., additional, Uddin, S., additional, Khanam, S., additional, Hassan, M., additional, von Brömssen, M., additional, and Ahmed, K.M., additional
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- 2019
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37. Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study
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Tyrovolas, S, Stergachis, A, Krish, V, Chang, A, Skirbekk, V, Dieleman, J, Chatterji, S, Abd-Allah, F, Abdollahi, M, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, A, Abreu, L, Abrigo, M, Abu Haimed, A, Adabi, M, Adebayo, O, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Adham, D, Advani, S, Afarideh, M, Agarwal, G, Aghaali, M, Aghamir, S, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Alcalde-Rabanal, J, Alemu, B, Al-Hajj, S, Alhassan, R, Ali, S, Alicandro, G, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Almadi, M, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almulhim, A, Al-Raddadi, R, Aminorroaya, A, Amiri, F, Amit, A, Amugsi, D, Anbesu, E, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, T, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonio, C, Antony, B, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Arnlov, J, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, A, Atout, M, Ausloos, M, Ausloos, F, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Aynalem, Y, Azari, S, Azene, Z, Babaee, E, Badiye, A, Balachandran, A, Banach, M, Banerjee, S, Banik, P, Barker-Collo, S, Basu, S, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Baye, B, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Bejot, Y, Bell, M, Bensenor, I, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, Z, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Birihane, B, Biswas, A, Bjorge, T, Bohlouli, S, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Boufous, S, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Briggs, A, Briko, N, Britton, G, Burugina Nagaraja, S, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Caetano Dos Santos, F, Camera, L, Car, J, Cardenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, J, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Castelpietra, G, Castro, F, Cerin, E, Cevik, M, Chandan, J, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, P, Chaturvedi, S, Chavan, P, Chen, S, Cherbuin, N, Chin, K, Cho, D, Chowdhury, M, Chu, D, Chung, S, Chung, M, Ciobanu, L, Costa, V, Cousin, E, Criqui, M, Cross, M, Dahlawi, S, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Das, J, Das Gupta, R, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, Deeba, F, De Leo, D, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Dervenis, N, Desai, R, Dharmaratne, S, Dhungana, G, Dianatinasab, M, Dias Da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Dichgans, M, Djalalinia, S, Dokova, K, Dorostkar, F, Doshmangir, L, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Eagan, A, Ebrahimi Kalan, M, Edvardsson, D, Effiong, A, Ehrlich, J, Elgendy, I, El-Jaafary, S, El Sayed, I, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Eshrati, B, Eskandari, K, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Etisso, A, Faris, P, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fazlzadeh, M, Feigin, V, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Ferreira, M, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Fomenkov, A, Foroutan, M, Franklin, R, Freitas, M, Gad, M, Gallus, S, Gamkrelidze, A, Gebre, A, Gebremeskel, L, Ghaffarifar, F, Ghafourifard, M, Ghajarzadeh, M, Ghanei Gheshlagh, R, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamian, A, Gill, T, Gillum, R, Gine-Vazquez, I, Giussani, G, Glagn, M, Gnedovskaya, E, Godinho, M, Goharinezhad, S, Gopalani, S, Gorini, G, Goulart, A, Grivna, M, Gugnani, H, Guimaraes, R, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Gutierrez, R, Hafiz, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamadeh, R, Hamidi, S, Hankey, G, Haririan, H, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hashemian, M, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Hendrie, D, Herteliu, C, Ho, H, Hoang, C, Holla, R, Hoogar, P, Hossain, N, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Hu, G, Humayun, A, Hwang, B, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Inbaraj, L, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, M, Iso, H, Ivers, R, Iwu, C, Jaafari, J, Jahani, M, Jakovljevic, M, Jalilian, F, Janjani, H, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jenabi, E, Jha, R, Ji, J, John, O, Jonas, J, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalani, R, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Karami Matin, B, Karch, A, Kasa, A, Kayode, G, Kazemi Karyani, A, Khader, Y, Khalid, N, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khan, E, Khatab, K, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khazaie, H, Khoja, A, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kivimaki, M, Kneib, C, Kochhar, S, Koolivand, A, Kopec, J, Kotlo, A, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kumar, M, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, Lacey, B, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lam, J, Lami, F, Landires, I, Lansingh, V, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, La Vecchia, C, Leasher, J, Lebedev, G, Lee, P, Lee, S, Leigh, J, Leonardi, M, Levey, A, Levi, M, Li, S, Linn, S, Liu, X, Lopez, A, Lopukhov, P, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lozano, R, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Madadin, M, Maddison, R, Mahasha, P, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Maleki, S, Maleki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Manafi, N, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Martini, S, Martins-Melo, F, Masoumi, S, Massano, J, Maulik, P, Mazidi, M, Mcgrath, J, Mckee, M, Mehndiratta, M, Mehri, F, Mejia-Rodriguez, F, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Mereke, A, Meretoja, T, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Miller, T, Mills, E, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, M, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M, Mitchell, P, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamadi, E, Mohammad, Y, Mohammad, D, Mohammadi, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Molassiotis, A, Momen, N, Mondello, S, Moradi, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradpour, F, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Mori, R, Mousavi, S, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mueller, U, Mukhopadhyay, S, Muriithi, M, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Naghshtabrizi, B, Naimzada, M, Najafi, F, Nansseu, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Neupane, S, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, H, Nikbakhsh, R, Nnaji, C, Nojomi, M, Nomura, S, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, Nowak, C, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, F, Oh, I, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, J, Olusanya, B, Omer, M, Onwujekwe, O, Ostojic, S, Ot oiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Mahesh, M, Padubidri, J, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Panelo, C, Pasupula, D, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Pearson-Stuttard, J, Peden, A, Pepito, V, Peprah, E, Pereira, J, Pesudovs, K, Pham, H, Phillips, M, Pilgrim, T, Pinheiro, M, Piradov, M, Pirsaheb, M, Polibin, R, Polinder, S, Postma, M, Pourjafar, H, Pourshams, A, Prada, S, Prakash, S, Pribadi, D, Pupillo, E, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, C, Ranta, A, Rao, S, Rashedi, V, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Riahi, S, Ribeiro, D, Ribeiro, A, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Romoli, M, Rothenbacher, D, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, S, Saadatagah, S, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Sadeghi, M, Sadeghi, E, Saeedi Moghaddam, S, Sagar, R, Sahraian, M, Sajadi, S, Salam, N, Salem, M, Salimzadeh, H, Salman, O, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanchez Riera, L, Santos, I, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saraswathy, S, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Schiavolin, S, Schmidt, M, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Sha, F, Shafaat, 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S., Chang A. Y., Skirbekk V., Dieleman J. L., Chatterji S., Abd-Allah F., Abdollahi M., Abedi A., Abolhassani H., Abosetugn A. E., Abreu L. G., Abrigo M. R. M., Abu Haimed A. K., Adabi M., Adebayo O. M., Adedeji I. A., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O. O., Adham D., Advani S. M., Afarideh M., Agarwal G., Aghaali M., Aghamir S. M. K., Agrawal A., Ahmad S., Ahmad T., Ahmadi K., Ahmadi M., Ahmed M. B., Akinyemi R. O., Al-Aly Z., Alam K., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Alcalde-Rabanal J. E., Alemu B. W., Al-Hajj S., Alhassan R. K., Ali S., Alicandro G., Alijanzadeh M., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Alla F., Almadi M. A. H., Almasi-Hashiani A., Almulhim A. M., Al-Raddadi R. M., Aminorroaya A., Amiri F., Amit A. M. L., Amugsi D. A., Anbesu E. W., Ancuceanu R., Anderlini D., Andrei T., Andrei C. L., Androudi S., Anjomshoa M., Ansari F., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Antonio C. A. T., Antony B., Anvari D., Anwer R., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Arnlov J., Asaad M., Asadi-Aliabadi M., Asadi-Pooya A. A., Atout M. M. W., Ausloos M., Ausloos F., Ayala Quintanilla B. P., Ayano G., Ayanore M. A., Aynalem Y. A., Azari S., Azene Z. N., Babaee E., Badiye A. D., Balachandran A., Banach M., Banerjee S. K., Banik P. C., Barker-Collo S. L., Basu S., Baune B. T., Bayati M., Baye B. A., Bedi N., Beghi E., Bejot Y., Bell M. L., Bensenor I. M., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bhattarai S., Bhutta Z. A., Bibi S., Bijani A., Bikbov B., Biondi A., Birihane B. M., Biswas A., Bjorge T., Bohlouli S., Bolla S. R., Boloor A., Boufous S., Braithwaite D., Brenner H., Briggs A. M., Briko N. I., Britton G. B., Burugina Nagaraja S., Busse R., Butt Z. A., Caetano Dos Santos F. L., Camera L. A., Car J., Cardenas R., Carreras G., Carrero J. J., Carvalho F., Castaldelli-Maia J. M., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Castelpietra G., Castro F., Cerin E., Cevik M., Chandan J. S., Chang A. R., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chaturvedi P., Chaturvedi S., Chavan P. P., Chen S., Cherbuin N., Chin K. L., Cho D. Y., Chowdhury M. A. K., Chu D. -T., Chung S. -C., Chung M. T., Ciobanu L. G., Costa V. M., Cousin E., Criqui M. H., Cross M., Dahlawi S. M. A., Damiani G., Dandona L., Dandona R., Daneshpajouhnejad P., Das J. K., Das Gupta R., Davila-Cervantes C. A., Davletov K., Deeba F., De Leo D., Denova-Gutierrez E., Dervenis N., Desai R., Dharmaratne S. D., Dhungana G. P., Dianatinasab M., Dias Da Silva D., Diaz D., Dichgans M., Djalalinia S., Dokova K., Dorostkar F., Doshmangir L., Duncan B. B., Duraes A. R., Eagan A. W., Ebrahimi Kalan M., Edvardsson D., Effiong A., Ehrlich J. R., Elgendy I. Y., El-Jaafary S. I., El Sayed I., El Sayed Zaki M., El Tantawi M., Eshrati B., Eskandari K., Eskandarieh S., Esmaeilnejad S., Etisso A. E., Faris P. S., Faro A., Farzadfar F., Fazlzadeh M., Feigin V. L., Fereshtehnejad S. -M., Fernandes E., Ferrara P., Ferreira M. L., Filip I., Fischer F., Fisher J. L., Foigt N. A., Folayan M. O., Fomenkov A. A., Foroutan M., Franklin R. C., Freitas M., Gad M. M., Gallus S., Gamkrelidze A., Gebre A. K., Gebremeskel L. G., Ghaffarifar F., Ghafourifard M., Ghajarzadeh M., Ghanei Gheshlagh R., Ghashghaee A., Ghith N., Gholamian A., Gill T. K., Gillum R. F., Gine-Vazquez I., Giussani G., Glagn M., Gnedovskaya E. V., Godinho M. A., Goharinezhad S., Gopalani S. V., Gorini G., Goulart A. C., Grivna M., Gugnani H. C., Guimaraes R. A., Guo Y., Gupta R., Gutierrez R. A., Hafiz A., Haj-Mirzaian A., Hamadeh R. R., Hamidi S., Hankey G. J., Haririan H., Haro J. M., Hasaballah A. I., Hashemian M., Hashi A., Hassan S., Hassan A., Hassanipour S., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Heidari-Soureshjani R., Hendrie D., Herteliu C., Ho H. C., Hoang C. L., Holla R., Hoogar P., Hossain N., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Househ M., Hsairi M., Hu G., Humayun A., Hwang B. -F., Iavicoli I., Ibitoye S. E., Ilesanmi O. S., Ilic I. M., Ilic M. D., Inbaraj L. R., Iqbal U., Irvani S. S. N., Islam M. M., Iso H., Ivers R. Q., Iwu C. J., Iwu C. C. 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H. U., Rahman M. A., Ramezanzadeh K., Ranabhat C. L., Ranta A., Rao S. J., Rashedi V., Rastogi P., Rathi P., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Rawassizadeh R., Renzaho A. M. N., Reshmi B., Resnikoff S., Rezaei N., Rezapour A., Riahi S. M., Ribeiro D., Ribeiro A. I., Rickard J., Roever L., Romoli M., Rothenbacher D., Rubagotti E., Rumisha S. F., Saadatagah S., Sabour S., Sachdev P. S., Sadeghi M., Sadeghi E., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Sagar R., Sahraian M. A., Sajadi S. M., Salam N., Salem M. R., Salimzadeh H., Salman O. M., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanchez Riera L., Santos I. S., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Saraswathy S. Y. I., Sarveazad A., Sathian B., Sathish T., Sattin D., Schiavolin S., Schmidt M. I., Schutte A. E., Schwebel D. C., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Sha F., Shafaat O., Shahabi S., Shaheen A. A., Shaikh M. A., Shakhnazarova M., Shams-Beyranvand M., Shamsi M. B., Shamsizadeh M., Sharafi K., Shetty B. S. K., Shibuya K., Shiferaw W. S., Shigematsu M., Shin J. 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S., Vlassov V., Waheed Y., Wang Y., Wang F., Wang Y. -P., Wei J., Weintraub R. G., Weiss J., Westerman R., Wiangkham T., Wolfe C. D. A., Wu A. -M., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yamagishi K., Yano Y., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yeshitila Y. G., Yimmer M. Z., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yoon S. -J., Younis M. Z., Yousefi Z., Yousefinezhadi T., Yu C., Yu Y., Yusefzadeh H., Zaidi S. S., Zaman S. B., Zamanian M., Zarafshan H., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhao X. -J. G., Zhu C., Kotsakis G. A., Kassebaum N. 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D., Jaafari J., Jahani M. A., Jakovljevic M., Jalilian F., Janjani H., Janodia M. D., Javaheri T., Jenabi E., Jha R. P., Ji J. S., John O., Jonas J. B., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kabir Z., Kalani R., Kalhor R., Kanchan T., Kapoor N., Karami Matin B., Karch A., Kasa A. S., Kayode G. A., Kazemi Karyani A., Khader Y. S., Khalid N., Khammarnia M., Khan M., Khan E. A., Khatab K., Khatib M. N., Khayamzadeh M., Khazaie H., Khoja A. T., Kim Y. -E., Kim Y. J., Kimokoti R. W., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kivimaki M., Kneib C. J., Kochhar S., Koolivand A., Kopec J. A., Kotlo A., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Kuate Defo B., Kumar G. A., Kumar N., Kumar M., Kurmi O. P., Kusuma D., Lacey B., Lal D. K., Lalloo R., Lallukka T., Lam J. O., Lami F. H., Landires I., Lansingh V. C., Larsson A. O., Lasrado S., Lauriola P., La Vecchia C., Leasher J. L., Lebedev G., Lee P. H., Lee S. W. H., Leigh J., Leonardi M., Levey A. S., Levi M., Li S., Linn S., Liu X., Lopez A. D., Lopukhov P. D., Lorkowski S., Lotufo P. A., Lozano R., Lugo A., Lunevicius R., Madadin M., Maddison R., Mahasha P. W., Mahmoudi M., Majeed A., Maleki S., Maleki A., Malekzadeh R., Malta D. C., Mamun A. A., Manafi N., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Mansouri B., Mansournia M. A., Martini S., Martins-Melo F. R., Masoumi S. Z., Massano J., Maulik P. K., Mazidi M., Mcgrath J. J., Mckee M., Mehndiratta M. M., Mehri F., Mejia-Rodriguez F., Mendoza W., Menezes R. G., Mensah G. A., Mereke A., Meretoja T. J., Meretoja A., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski T., Michalek I. M., Miller T. R., Mills E. J., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirzaei H., Mirzaei M., Mirzaei-Alavijeh M., Mitchell P. B., Moazen B., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohamadi E., Mohammad Y., Mohammad D. K., Mohammadi S., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammed S., Mokdad A. H., Molassiotis A., Momen N. C., Mondello S., Moradi M., Moradi-Lakeh M., Moradpour F., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Morawska L., Mori R., Mousavi S. M., Mousavi Khaneghah A., Mueller U. O., Mukhopadhyay S., Muriithi M. K., Naderi M., Nagarajan A. J., Naghshtabrizi B., Naimzada M. D., Najafi F., Nansseu J. R., Ndejjo R., Negoi I., Negoi R. I., Neupane S., Nguefack-Tsague G., Ngunjiri J. W., Nguyen C. T., Nguyen H. L. T., Nikbakhsh R., Nnaji C. A., Nojomi M., Nomura S., Norrving B., Noubiap J. J., Nowak C., Nunez-Samudio V., Ogbo F. A., Oh I. -H., Oladnabi M., Olagunju A. T., Olusanya J. O., Olusanya B. O., Omer M. O., Onwujekwe O. E., Ostojic S. M., Ot oiu A., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Mahesh M. A., Padubidri J. R., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Panelo C. I. A., Pasupula D. K., Pazoki Toroudi H., Pearson-Stuttard J., Peden A. E., Pepito V. C. F., Peprah E. K., Pereira J., Pesudovs K., Pham H. Q., Phillips M. R., Pilgrim T., Pinheiro M., Piradov M. A., Pirsaheb M., Polibin R. V., Polinder S., Postma M. J., Pourjafar H., Pourshams A., Prada S. I., Prakash S., Pribadi D. R. A., Pupillo E., Quazi Syed Z., Rabiee N., Radfar A., Rafiee A., Raggi A., Rahim F., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M. H. U., Rahman M. A., Ramezanzadeh K., Ranabhat C. L., Ranta A., Rao S. J., Rashedi V., Rastogi P., Rathi P., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Rawassizadeh R., Renzaho A. M. N., Reshmi B., Resnikoff S., Rezaei N., Rezapour A., Riahi S. M., Ribeiro D., Ribeiro A. I., Rickard J., Roever L., Romoli M., Rothenbacher D., Rubagotti E., Rumisha S. F., Saadatagah S., Sabour S., Sachdev P. S., Sadeghi M., Sadeghi E., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Sagar R., Sahraian M. A., Sajadi S. M., Salam N., Salem M. R., Salimzadeh H., Salman O. M., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanchez Riera L., Santos I. S., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Saraswathy S. Y. I., Sarveazad A., Sathian B., Sathish T., Sattin D., Schiavolin S., Schmidt M. I., Schutte A. E., Schwebel D. C., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Sha F., Shafaat O., Shahabi S., Shaheen A. A., Shaikh M. A., Shakhnazarova M., Shams-Beyranvand M., Shamsi M. B., Shamsizadeh M., Sharafi K., Shetty B. S. K., Shibuya K., Shiferaw W. S., Shigematsu M., Shin J. I., Shiri R., Shirkoohi R., Shuval K., Sigfusdottir I. D., Sigurvinsdottir R., Silva J. P., Simonetti B., Singh J. A., Singh P., Singh A., Sinha D. N., Skou So. T., Skryabin V. Y., Smith E. U. R., Sobhiyeh M. R., Soheili A., Soltani S., Soriano J. B., Soyiri I. N., Spurlock E. E., Sreeramareddy C. T., Stein D. J., Stockfelt L., Stokes M. A., Stranges S., Stubbs J. L., Sudaryanto A., Sufiyan M. B., Suleria H. A. R., Suliankatchi Abdulkader R., Sulo G., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tabuchi T., Taddele B. W., Taherkhani A., Tajdini M., Tareque M. I., Tefera Y. G., Temsah M. -H., Tessema Z. T., Thankappan K. R., Thapar R., Thrift A. G., Titova M. V., Tohidinik H. R., Tonelli M., Touvier M., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran B. X., Travillian R. S., Tsai A. C., Tsatsakis A., Uddin R., Ullah S., Umeokonkwo C. D., Unnikrishnan B., Vacante M., Valdez P. R., Van Donkelaar A., Varughese S., Vasankari T. J., Vasseghian Y., Veisani Y., Venketasubramanian N., Violante F. S., Vlassov V., Waheed Y., Wang Y., Wang F., Wang Y. -P., Wei J., Weintraub R. G., Weiss J., Westerman R., Wiangkham T., Wolfe C. D. A., Wu A. -M., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yamagishi K., Yano Y., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yeshitila Y. G., Yimmer M. Z., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yoon S. -J., Younis M. Z., Yousefi Z., Yousefinezhadi T., Yu C., Yu Y., Yusefzadeh H., Zaidi S. S., Zaman S. B., Zamanian M., Zarafshan H., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhao X. -J. G., Zhu C., Kotsakis G. A., and Kassebaum N. J.
- Abstract
Objectives To use data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) to estimate mortality and disability trends for the population aged ≥70 and evaluate patterns in causes of death, disability, and risk factors. Design Systematic analysis. Setting Participants were aged ≥70 from 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019. Main outcomes measures Years of life lost, years lived with disability, disability adjusted life years, life expectancy at age 70 (LE-70), healthy life expectancy at age 70 (HALE-70), proportion of years in ill health at age 70 (PYIH-70), risk factors, and data coverage index were estimated based on standardised GBD methods. Results Globally the population of older adults has increased since 1990 and all cause death rates have decreased for men and women. However, mortality rates due to falls increased between 1990 and 2019. The probability of death among people aged 70-90 decreased, mainly because of reductions in non-communicable diseases. Globally disability burden was largely driven by functional decline, vision and hearing loss, and symptoms of pain. LE-70 and HALE-70 showed continuous increases since 1990 globally, with certain regional disparities. Globally higher LE-70 resulted in higher HALE-70 and slightly increased PYIH-70. Sociodemographic and healthcare access and quality indices were positively correlated with HALE-70 and LE-70. For high exposure risk factors, data coverage was moderate, while limited data were available for various dietary, environmental or occupational, and metabolic risks. Conclusions Life expectancy at age 70 has continued to rise globally, mostly because of decreases in chronic diseases. Adults aged ≥70 living in high income countries and regions with better healthcare access and quality were found to experience the highest life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Disability burden, however, remained constant, suggesting the need to enhance public health and intervention
- Published
- 2022
38. Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
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Haakenstad, A, Yearwood, J, Fullman, N, Bintz, C, Bienhoff, K, Weaver, M, Nandakumar, V, Joffe, J, Legrand, K, Knight, M, Abbafati, C, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdoli, A, Abeldano Zuniga, R, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akande-Sholabi, W, Alam, K, Al Hamad, H, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrade, P, Anjum, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ariffin, H, Arulappan, J, Aryan, Z, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, D, Atreya, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Badiye, A, Baig, A, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, S, Baliga, S, Banik, P, Barnighausen, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Bayati, M, Belete, R, Bell, A, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, P, Bhardwaj, N, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Bolarinwa, O, Bonny, A, Brenner, H, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Butt, N, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Cardenas, R, Carneiro, V, Catala-Lopez, F, Chandan, J, Charan, J, Chavan, P, Chen, S, Choudhari, S, Chowdhury, E, Chowdhury, M, Cirillo, M, Corso, B, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dangel, W, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, Deuba, K, Dhimal, M, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Doshmangir, L, Duncan, B, Effiong, A, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Elgendy, I, Elhadi, M, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Erku, D, Eskandarieh, S, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gaihre, S, Gardner, W, Garg, T, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Guadamuz, J, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Gupta, V, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hanif, A, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, M, Hashi, A, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, M, Heidari, G, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Holla, R, Hossain, S, Hossain, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hoveidamanesh, S, Hsieh, V, Hu, G, Huang, J, Huda, M, Ifeagwu, S, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Irvani, S, Islam, R, Islam, S, Ismail, N, Iso, H, Isola, G, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jahani, M, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, R, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, M, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamenov, K, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Kapoor, N, Karanikolos, M, Katikireddi, S, Kavetskyy, T, Kawakami, N, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keykhaei, M, Khader, Y, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khezeli, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Klymchuk, V, Koly, K, Korzh, O, Kosen, S, Koul, P, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kusuma, D, Kyu, H, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lee, C, Li, S, Lucchetti, G, Mahajan, P, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Malta, D, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martinez-Valle, A, Martins-Melo, F, Masoumi, S, Mathur, M, Maude, R, Maulik, P, Mckee, M, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Michalek, I, Mirrakhimov, E, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, S, Moitra, M, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, M, Moradi, G, Moreira, R, Mosser, J, Mostafavi, E, Mouodi, S, Nagarajan, A, Nagata, C, Naghavi, M, Nangia, V, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nascimento, B, Nassereldine, H, Nayak, B, Nazari, J, Negoi, I, Nepal, S, Neupane Kandel, S, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, C, Ningrum, D, Noubiap, J, Oancea, B, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Olagunju, A, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Omer, E, Onwujekwe, O, Otoiu, A, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandi-Perumal, S, Pardhan, S, Pasupula, D, Pathak, P, Patton, G, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Pilania, M, Piroozi, B, Podder, V, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Prada, S, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, N, Radhakrishnan, R, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezapour, A, Riahi, S, Ripon, R, Sacco, S, Sadeghi, M, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahiledengle, B, Sahoo, H, Sahu, M, Salama, J, Salamati, P, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Schmidt, M, Seidu, A, Sepanlou, S, Seylani, A, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shivakumar, K, Shokri, A, Singh, J, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sousa, R, Stephens, J, Sun, J, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadbiri, H, Tamiru, A, Thankappan, K, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, M, Tran, B, Tripathi, N, Tripathy, J, Troeger, C, Uezono, D, Ullah, S, Ullah, A, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vasic, M, Veroux, M, Vervoort, D, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Wiangkham, T, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yi, S, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zuniga, Y, Lim, S, Murray, C, Lozano, R, Haakenstad A., Yearwood J. A., Fullman N., Bintz C., Bienhoff K., Weaver M. R., Nandakumar V., Joffe J. N., LeGrand K. E., Knight M., Abbafati C., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abdoli A., Abeldano Zuniga R. A., Adedeji I. A., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O. O., Afzal M. S., Afzal S., Agudelo-Botero M., Ahinkorah B. O., Ahmad S., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi S., Ahmed A., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akande-Sholabi W., Alam K., Al Hamad H., Alhassan R. K., Ali L., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Ameyaw E. K., Amin T. T., Amu H., Amugsi D. A., Ancuceanu R., Andrade P. P., Anjum A., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Ariffin H., Arulappan J., Aryan Z., Ashraf T., Atnafu D. D., Atreya A., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Ayano G., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Badiye A. D., Baig A. A., Bairwa M., Bakkannavar S. M., Baliga S., Banik P. C., Barnighausen T. W., Barra F., Barrow A., Basu S., Bayati M., Belete R., Bell A. W., Bhagat D. S., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhardwaj P., Bhardwaj N., Bhaskar S., Bhattacharyya K., Bhutta Z. A., Bibi S., Bijani A., Bikbov B., Biondi A., Bolarinwa O. A., Bonny A., Brenner H., Buonsenso D., Burkart K., Busse R., Butt Z. A., Butt N. S., Caetano dos Santos F. L., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Camera L. A., Cardenas R., Carneiro V. L. A., Catala-Lopez F., Chandan J. S., Charan J., Chavan P. P., Chen S., Choudhari S. G., Chowdhury E. K., Chowdhury M. A. K., Cirillo M., Corso B., Dadras O., Dahlawi S. M. A., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dangel W. J., Davila-Cervantes C. A., Davletov K., Deuba K., Dhimal M., Dhimal M. L., Djalalinia S., Do H. P., Doshmangir L., Duncan B. B., Effiong A., Ehsani-Chimeh E., Elgendy I. Y., Elhadi M., El Sayed I., El Tantawi M., Erku D. A., Eskandarieh S., Fares J., Farzadfar F., Ferrero S., Ferro Desideri L., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Foroutan M., Fukumoto T., Gaal P. A., Gaihre S., Gardner W. M., Garg T., Getachew Obsa A., Ghafourifard M., Ghashghaee A., Ghith N., Gilani S. A., Gill P. S., Goharinezhad S., Golechha M., Guadamuz J. S., Guo Y., Gupta R. D., Gupta R., Gupta V. K., Gupta V. B., Hamiduzzaman M., Hanif A., Haro J. M., Hasaballah A. I., Hasan M. M., Hasan M. T., Hashi A., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Heidari M., Heidari G., Henry N. J., Herteliu C., Holla R., Hossain S., Hossain S. J., Hossain M. B. H., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hoveidamanesh S., Hsieh V. C. -R., Hu G., Huang J., Huda M. M., Ifeagwu S. C., Ikuta K. S., Ilesanmi O. S., Irvani S. S. N., Islam R. M., Islam S. M. S., Ismail N. E., Iso H., Isola G., Itumalla R., Iwagami M., Jahani M. A., Jahanmehr N., Jain R., Jakovljevic M., Janodia M. D., Jayapal S. K., Jayaram S., Jha R. P., Jonas J. B., Joo T., Joseph N., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kalankesh L. R., Kalhor R., Kamath A. M., Kamenov K., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Kapoor N., Karanikolos M., Katikireddi S. V., Kavetskyy T., Kawakami N., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keykhaei M., Khader Y. S., Khajuria H., Khalilov R., Khammarnia M., Khan M. N., Khan M. A., Khan M., Khezeli M., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa S., Kisa A., Klymchuk V., Koly K. N., Korzh O., Kosen S., Koul P. A., Kuate Defo B., Kumar G. A., Kusuma D., Kyu H. H., Larsson A. O., Lasrado S., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lee C. B., Li S., Lucchetti G., Mahajan P. B., Majeed A., Makki A., Malekzadeh R., Malik A. A., Malta D. C., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martinez-Valle A., Martins-Melo F. R., Masoumi S. Z., Mathur M. R., Maude R. J., Maulik P. K., McKee M., Mendoza W., Menezes R. G., Mensah G. A., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mestrovic T., Michalek I. M., Mirrakhimov E. M., Misganaw A., Misra S., Moazen B., Mohammadi M., Mohammed S., Moitra M., Mokdad A. H., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Moni M. A., Moradi G., Moreira R. S., Mosser J. F., Mostafavi E., Mouodi S., Nagarajan A. J., Nagata C., Naghavi M., Nangia V., Narasimha Swamy S., Narayana A. I., Nascimento B. R., Nassereldine H., Nayak B. P., Nazari J., Negoi I., Nepal S., Neupane Kandel S., Ngunjiri J. W., Nguyen H. L. T., Nguyen C. T., Ningrum D. N. A., Noubiap J. J., Oancea B., Oghenetega O. B., Oh I. -H., Olagunju A. T., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Omer E., Onwujekwe O. E., Otoiu A., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Pana A., Panda-Jonas S., Pandi-Perumal S. R., Pardhan S., Pasupula D. K., Pathak P. K., Patton G. C., Pawar S., Pereira J., Pilania M., Piroozi B., Podder V., Pokhrel K. N., Postma M. J., Prada S. I., Quazi Syed Z., Rabiee N., Radhakrishnan R. A., Rahman M. M., Rahman M., Rahman M. H. U., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Rao C. R., Rao S. J., Rasella D., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Renzaho A. M. N., Reshmi B., Resnikoff S., Rezapour A., Riahi S. M., Ripon R. K., Sacco S., Sadeghi M., Saeed U., Sahebkar A., Sahiledengle B., Sahoo H., Sahu M., Salama J. S., Salamati P., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sathian B., Sawhney M., Schmidt M. I., Seidu A. -A., Sepanlou S. G., Seylani A., Shaikh M. A., Sheikh A., Shetty A., Shigematsu M., Shiri R., Shivakumar K. M., Shokri A., Singh J. A., Sinha D. N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Sofi-Mahmudi A., Sousa R. A. R. C., Stephens J. H., Sun J., Szocska M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tadbiri H., Tamiru A. T., Thankappan K. R., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran M. T. N., Tran B. X., Tripathi N., Tripathy J. P., Troeger C. E., Uezono D. R., Ullah S., Ullah A., Unnikrishnan B., Vacante M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Valdez P. R., Vasic M., Veroux M., Vervoort D., Violante F. S., Vladimirov S. K., Vlassov V., Vo B., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang Y. -P., Wang Y., Ward P., Wiangkham T., Yadav L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yamagishi K., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yi S., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaman S. B., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhong C., Zuniga Y. M. H., Lim S. S., Murray C. J. L., Lozano R., Haakenstad, A, Yearwood, J, Fullman, N, Bintz, C, Bienhoff, K, Weaver, M, Nandakumar, V, Joffe, J, Legrand, K, Knight, M, Abbafati, C, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdoli, A, Abeldano Zuniga, R, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akande-Sholabi, W, Alam, K, Al Hamad, H, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrade, P, Anjum, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ariffin, H, Arulappan, J, Aryan, Z, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, D, Atreya, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Badiye, A, Baig, A, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, S, Baliga, S, Banik, P, Barnighausen, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Bayati, M, Belete, R, Bell, A, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, P, Bhardwaj, N, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Bolarinwa, O, Bonny, A, Brenner, H, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Butt, N, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Cardenas, R, Carneiro, V, Catala-Lopez, F, Chandan, J, Charan, J, Chavan, P, Chen, S, Choudhari, S, Chowdhury, E, Chowdhury, M, Cirillo, M, Corso, B, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dangel, W, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, Deuba, K, Dhimal, M, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Doshmangir, L, Duncan, B, Effiong, A, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Elgendy, I, Elhadi, M, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Erku, D, Eskandarieh, S, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gaihre, S, Gardner, W, Garg, T, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Guadamuz, J, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Gupta, V, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hanif, A, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, M, Hashi, A, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, M, Heidari, G, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Holla, R, Hossain, S, Hossain, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hoveidamanesh, S, Hsieh, V, Hu, G, Huang, J, Huda, M, Ifeagwu, S, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Irvani, S, Islam, R, Islam, S, Ismail, N, Iso, H, Isola, G, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jahani, M, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, R, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, M, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamenov, K, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Kapoor, N, Karanikolos, M, Katikireddi, S, Kavetskyy, T, Kawakami, N, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keykhaei, M, Khader, Y, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khezeli, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Klymchuk, V, Koly, K, Korzh, O, Kosen, S, Koul, P, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kusuma, D, Kyu, H, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lee, C, Li, S, Lucchetti, G, Mahajan, P, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Malta, D, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martinez-Valle, A, Martins-Melo, F, Masoumi, S, Mathur, M, Maude, R, Maulik, P, Mckee, M, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Michalek, I, Mirrakhimov, E, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, S, Moitra, M, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, M, Moradi, G, Moreira, R, Mosser, J, Mostafavi, E, Mouodi, S, Nagarajan, A, Nagata, C, Naghavi, M, Nangia, V, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nascimento, B, Nassereldine, H, Nayak, B, Nazari, J, Negoi, I, Nepal, S, Neupane Kandel, S, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, C, Ningrum, D, Noubiap, J, Oancea, B, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Olagunju, A, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Omer, E, Onwujekwe, O, Otoiu, A, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandi-Perumal, S, Pardhan, S, Pasupula, D, Pathak, P, Patton, G, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Pilania, M, Piroozi, B, Podder, V, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Prada, S, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, N, Radhakrishnan, R, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezapour, A, Riahi, S, Ripon, R, Sacco, S, Sadeghi, M, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahiledengle, B, Sahoo, H, Sahu, M, Salama, J, Salamati, P, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Schmidt, M, Seidu, A, Sepanlou, S, Seylani, A, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shivakumar, K, Shokri, A, Singh, J, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sousa, R, Stephens, J, Sun, J, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadbiri, H, Tamiru, A, Thankappan, K, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, M, Tran, B, Tripathi, N, Tripathy, J, Troeger, C, Uezono, D, Ullah, S, Ullah, A, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vasic, M, Veroux, M, Vervoort, D, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Wiangkham, T, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yi, S, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zuniga, Y, Lim, S, Murray, C, Lozano, R, Haakenstad A., Yearwood J. A., Fullman N., Bintz C., Bienhoff K., Weaver M. R., Nandakumar V., Joffe J. N., LeGrand K. E., Knight M., Abbafati C., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abdoli A., Abeldano Zuniga R. A., Adedeji I. A., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O. O., Afzal M. S., Afzal S., Agudelo-Botero M., Ahinkorah B. O., Ahmad S., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi S., Ahmed A., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akande-Sholabi W., Alam K., Al Hamad H., Alhassan R. K., Ali L., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Ameyaw E. K., Amin T. T., Amu H., Amugsi D. A., Ancuceanu R., Andrade P. P., Anjum A., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Ariffin H., Arulappan J., Aryan Z., Ashraf T., Atnafu D. D., Atreya A., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Ayano G., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Badiye A. D., Baig A. A., Bairwa M., Bakkannavar S. M., Baliga S., Banik P. C., Barnighausen T. W., Barra F., Barrow A., Basu S., Bayati M., Belete R., Bell A. W., Bhagat D. S., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhardwaj P., Bhardwaj N., Bhaskar S., Bhattacharyya K., Bhutta Z. 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- Abstract
Background: Health-care needs change throughout the life course. It is thus crucial to assess whether health systems provide access to quality health care for all ages. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019), we measured the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index overall and for select age groups in 204 locations from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We distinguished the overall HAQ Index (ages 0–74 years) from scores for select age groups: the young (ages 0–14 years), working (ages 15–64 years), and post-working (ages 65–74 years) groups. For GBD 2019, HAQ Index construction methods were updated to use the arithmetic mean of scaled mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) and risk-standardised death rates (RSDRs) for 32 causes of death that should not occur in the presence of timely, quality health care. Across locations and years, MIRs and RSDRs were scaled from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) separately, putting the HAQ Index on a different relative scale for each age group. We estimated absolute convergence for each group on the basis of whether the HAQ Index grew faster in absolute terms between 1990 and 2019 in countries with lower 1990 HAQ Index scores than countries with higher 1990 HAQ Index scores and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile. SDI is a summary metric of overall development. Findings: Between 1990 and 2019, the HAQ Index increased overall (by 19·6 points, 95% uncertainty interval 17·9–21·3), as well as among the young (22·5, 19·9–24·7), working (17·2, 15·2–19·1), and post-working (15·1, 13·2–17·0) age groups. Large differences in HAQ Index scores were present across SDI levels in 2019, with the overall index ranging from 30·7 (28·6–33·0) on average in low-SDI countries to 83·4 (82·4–84·3) on average in high-SDI countries. Similarly large ranges between low-SDI and high-SDI countries, respectively, were estimated in the HAQ Index for the young (40·4–89·0), working (33·8–82·8), and post-working (30·4–79·1) g
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- 2022
39. Factors associated with low childhood immunization coverage among Rohingya refugee parents in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
- Author
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Ahmed, Nawshin, primary, Ishtiak, A. S. M., additional, Rozars, Md. Faisal Kabir, additional, Bonna, Atia Sharmin, additional, Alam, K. M. Pritam, additional, Hossan, Md. Elias, additional, Das, Rajib, additional, Khan, Joyeeta, additional, Mishu, Tahmina Zerin, additional, Afrin, Sadia, additional, Sultana, Naima, additional, Rubel, Md. Reza Al Mamun, additional, Khan, Md. Abdullah Saeed, additional, and Kakoly, Nadira Sultana, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. WCN23-1235 STATUS OF ANTIBODY AGAINST SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2: PRELIMINARY REPORTS ON SEROPREVALENCE OF COVID 19 IN AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS
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Iqbal, M., primary, MORSHED, R., additional, Ershad, S.M., additional, Ahsan, Z., additional, Ishraq, M., additional, Choudhury, S.R., additional, Malik, F.N., additional, Ahmed, M.S., additional, Alam, K., additional, Rahman, M.F., additional, Hassan, M.S., additional, Alam, S., additional, Adhikary, D.K., additional, Hassan, M., additional, and Arslan, M.I., additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
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Tadakamadla S.K., Taherkhani A., Tamiru A.T., Tareque M.I., Thankappan K.R., Thapar R., Thomas N., Titova M.V., Tonelli M., Tovani-Palone M.R., Tran B.X., Travillian R.S., Tsai A.C., Tsatsakis A., Tudor Car L., Uddin R., Unim B., Unnikrishnan B., Upadhyay E., Vacante M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Valdez P.R., Varughese S., Vasankari T.J., Venketasubramanian N., Villeneuve P.J., Violante F.S., Vlassov V., Vos T., Vu G.T., Waheed Y., Wamai R.G., Wang Y., Wang Y.-P., Westerman R., Wickramasinghe N.D., Wu A.-M., Wu C., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S.H., Yamagishi K., Yano Y., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yeshitila Y.G., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yoon S.-J., Younis M.Z., Yousefinezhadi T., Yu C., Yu Y., Yuce D., Zaidi S.S., Zaman S.B., Zamani M., Zamanian M., Zarafshan H., Zarei A., Zastrozhin M.S., Zhang Y., Zhang Z.-J., Zhao X.-J.G., Zhu C., Patton G.C., Viner R.M., Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Ward, J, Azzopardi, P, Francis, K, Santelli, J, Skirbekk, V, Sawyer, S, Kassebaum, N, Mokdad, A, 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R, Desalew, A, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, S, Dhungana, G, Dianatinasab, M, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Didarloo, A, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Doshi, C, Doshmangir, L, Doyle, K, Duraes, A, Ebrahimi Kalan, M, Ebtehaj, S, Edvardsson, D, El Tantawi, M, Elgendy, I, El-Jaafary, S, Elsharkawy, A, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Esteghamati, S, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Feigin, V, Ferede, T, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Fomenkov, A, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, M, Gaidhane, A, Gallus, S, Gebre, T, Gebremedhin, K, Gebremeskel, G, Gebremeskel, L, Gebreslassie, A, Gesesew, H, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, S, Gnedovskaya, E, Godinho, M, Golechha, M, Goli, S, Gona, P, Gopalani, S, Gorini, G, Grivna, M, Gubari, M, Gugnani, H, Guimaraes, R, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Haagsma, J, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haile, T, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hall, B, Hamadeh, R, Hamagharib Abdullah, K, Hamidi, S, Handiso, D, Hanif, A, Hankey, G, Haririan, H, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Herteliu, C, Heydarpour, F, Ho, H, Hole, M, Holla, R, Hoogar, P, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huda, T, Humayun, A, Hussain, R, Hwang, B, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Inbaraj, L, Intarut, N, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, M, Islam, S, Iso, H, Ivers, R, Jahani, M, Jakovljevic, M, Jalali, A, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jeemon, P, Jenabi, E, Jha, R, Jha, V, Ji, J, Jonas, J, Jones, K, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Juliusson, P, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, T, Karch, A, Karimi, S, Kaur, S, Kayode, G, Keiyoro, P, Khalid, N, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khatab, K, Khater, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khazaie, H, Khoja, A, Kieling, C, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kivimaki, M, Koolivand, A, Kosen, S, Koyanagi, A, 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Moraga, P, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mueller, U, Muriithi, M, Murray, C, Muthupandian, S, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Nayak, V, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Netsere, H, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Nguyen, D, Nguyen, H, Nie, J, Ningrum, D, Nnaji, C, Nomura, S, Noubiap, J, Nowak, C, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, F, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, B, Olusanya, J, Omar Bali, A, Omer, M, Onwujekwe, O, Ortiz, A, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Overland, S, Owolabi, M, P A, M, Padubidri, J, Pakshir, K, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Panelo, C, Park, E, Patten, S, Peden, A, Pepito, V, Peprah, E, Pereira, J, Pesudovs, K, Pham, H, Phillips, M, Piradov, M, Pirsaheb, M, Postma, M, Pottoo, F, Pourjafar, H, Pourshams, A, Prada, S, Pupillo, E, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, C, Rao, S, Rashedi, V, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, N, Rezai, M, Riahi, S, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Roth, G, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, S, Rwegerera, G, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Saeedi Moghaddam, S, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Sajadi, S, Salem, M, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saraswathy, S, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sarveazad, A, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Saxena, D, Saxena, S, Schiavolin, S, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shahabi, S, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shakiba, S, Shamsi, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, B, Shi, P, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shiri, R, Shuval, K, Siabani, S, Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, D, Silva, J, Simonetti, B, Singh, J, Singh, V, Sinke, A, Skryabin, V, Slater, H, Smith, E, Sobhiyeh, M, Sobngwi, E, Soheili, A, Somefun, O, Sorrie, M, Soyiri, I, Sreeramareddy, C, Stein, D, Stokes, M, Sudaryanto, A, Sultan, I, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadakamadla, S, Taherkhani, A, Tamiru, A, Tareque, M, Thankappan, K, Thapar, R, Thomas, N, Titova, M, Tonelli, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Tsai, A, Tsatsakis, A, Tudor Car, L, Uddin, R, Unim, B, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Villeneuve, P, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vos, T, Vu, G, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, N, Wu, A, Wu, C, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yeshitila, Y, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S, Younis, M, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yu, C, Yu, Y, Yuce, D, Zaidi, S, Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zarafshan, H, Zarei, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, X, Zhu, C, Patton, G, and Viner, R
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Male ,Joves -- Mortalitat ,ADOLESCENT HEALTH ,CHILDREN ,Socioeconomic Factor ,Global Burden of Disease ,RA0421 ,Cause of Death ,Medicine ,Young adult ,Child ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Cause of death ,education.field_of_study ,Adolescent ,Age Distribution ,Female ,Humans ,Mortality ,Sex Distribution ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Young Adult ,Mortality rate ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,General Medicine ,Articles ,Hälsovetenskaper ,MIDDLE-INCOME ,MENTAL-HEALTH ,Adolescent health ,INTERVENTIONS ,Human ,SUICIDE ,Total fertility rate ,Population ,Adolescent Health ,Adolescents -- Mortalitat ,General & Internal Medicine ,Health Sciences ,QUALITY ,Medicine [Science] ,Social determinants of health ,INCOME COUNTRIES ,education ,business.industry ,TRENDS ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Years of potential life lost ,INJURIES ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Background Documentation of patterns and long-term trends in mortality in young people, which reflect huge changes in demographic and social determinants of adolescent health, enables identification of global investment priorities for this age group. We aimed to analyse data on the number of deaths, years of life lost, and mortality rates by sex and age group in people aged 10–24 years in 204 countries and territories from 1950 to 2019 by use of estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods We report trends in estimated total numbers of deaths and mortality rate per 100 000 population in young people aged 10–24 years by age group (10–14 years, 15–19 years, and 20–24 years) and sex in 204 countries and territories between 1950 and 2019 for all causes, and between 1980 and 2019 by cause of death. We analyse variation in outcomes by region, age group, and sex, and compare annual rate of change in mortality in young people aged 10–24 years with that in children aged 0–9 years from 1990 to 2019. We then analyse the association between mortality in people aged 10–24 years and socioeconomic development using the GBD Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite measure based on average national educational attainment in people older than 15 years, total fertility rate in people younger than 25 years, and income per capita. We assess the association between SDI and all-cause mortality in 2019, and analyse the ratio of observed to expected mortality by SDI using the most recent available data release (2017). Findings In 2019 there were 1·49 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 1·39–1·59) worldwide in people aged 10–24 years, of which 61% occurred in males. 32·7% of all adolescent deaths were due to transport injuries, unintentional injuries, or interpersonal violence and conflict; 32·1% were due to communicable, nutritional, or maternal causes; 27·0% were due to non-communicable diseases; and 8·2% were due to self-harm. Since 1950, deaths in this age group decreased by 30·0% in females and 15·3% in males, and sex-based differences in mortality rate have widened in most regions of the world. Geographical variation has also increased, particularly in people aged 10–14 years. Since 1980, communicable and maternal causes of death have decreased sharply as a proportion of total deaths in most GBD super-regions, but remain some of the most common causes in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, where more than half of all adolescent deaths occur. Annual percentage decrease in all-cause mortality rate since 1990 in adolescents aged 15–19 years was 1·3% in males and 1·6% in females, almost half that of males aged 1–4 years (2·4%), and around a third less than in females aged 1–4 years (2·5%). The proportion of global deaths in people aged 0–24 years that occurred in people aged 10–24 years more than doubled between 1950 and 2019, from 9·5% to 21·6%. Interpretation Variation in adolescent mortality between countries and by sex is widening, driven by poor progress in reducing deaths in males and older adolescents. Improving global adolescent mortality will require action to address the specific vulnerabilities of this age group, which are being overlooked. Furthermore, indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to jeopardise efforts to improve health outcomes including mortality in young people aged 10–24 years. There is an urgent need to respond to the changing global burden of adolescent mortality, address inequities where they occur, and improve the availability and quality of primary mortality data in this age group. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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- 2021
42. Sleep duration, sleep quality and the risk of being obese: Evidence from the Australian panel survey
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Keramat, SA, Alam, K, Basri, R, Siddika, F, Siddiqui, ZH, Okyere, J, Seidu, A-A, Ahinkorah, BO, Keramat, SA, Alam, K, Basri, R, Siddika, F, Siddiqui, ZH, Okyere, J, Seidu, A-A, and Ahinkorah, BO
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BACKGROUND Sleep difficulty is an unmet public health concern affecting a vast proportion of the world s population Poor sleep duration short or long sleep length and quality affect more than half of older people Sleep difficulty is associated with negative health outcomes such as obesity and reduced longevity We aimed to assess whether poor sleep duration and quality are significant risk factors for obesity in adults aged 15 and over in Australia by examining a nationally representative panel data METHODS We used three waves waves 13 17 and 21 of the nationally representative Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia HILDA survey data The study applied generalized estimating equations GEE logistic regression model to assess the relationship between sleep duration and quality with obesity RESULTS The study found that the odds of being obese was significantly higher amongst the study participants with poor sleep duration adjusted odds ratio aOR 1 24 95 confidence interval CI 1 16 1 32 and poor sleep quality aOR 1 29 95 CI 1 02 1 38 compared with their counterparts who had good sleep duration and quality respectively CONCLUSION Having short or long sleep at night and poor sleep quality are associated with an increased risk of obesity Obesity poses a significant threat to the health of Australian adults Enacting policies that raise public awareness of the significance of good sleep hygiene and encouraging healthy sleeping habits should be considered to address the alarming rise in the obesity rate
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- 2023
43. Inequity in psychiatric healthcare use in Australia
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Hashmi, R, Alam, K, Gow, J, March, S, Hashmi, R, Alam, K, Gow, J, and March, S
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BACKGROUND: Despite recent substantial mental healthcare reforms to increase the supply of healthcare, mental health inequality in Australia is rising. Understanding of the level of inequity (unmet need gap) in psychiatric service use in Australia's mixed public-private health care system is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To present a novel method to measure inequity in the delivery of psychiatric care. METHODS: Data came from wave 9 (year 2009, n = 11,563) and wave 17 (year 2017, n = 16,194) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. Multiple logistic regression was employed to estimate the psychiatric care utilisation compared to its need and the Gini index was used to estimate the standardised distribution of utilisation to measure the extent of inequity. RESULTS: The results show the inequity indices (need-standardised Gini) in psychiatric care utilisation were significant and found to be 0.066 and 0.096 in 2009 and 2017, respectively, for all individuals. In 2009, the inequity indices were found to be 0.051 and 0.078 for males and females, respectively, and 0.045 and 0.068 for rural and urban residents, respectively. In 2017, the indices were calculated to be 0.081 and 0.109 for males and females, respectively, and 0.086 and 0.097 for rural and urban residents, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a marked increase in unmet needs in psychiatric care utilisation since 2009. There is a greater need to develop policies to improve equity in psychiatric care utilisation in Australia.
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- 2023
44. The burden and trend of diseases and their risk factors in Australia, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
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Islam, SMS, Uddin, R, Maddison, R, Ball, K, Livingstone, KM, Khan, A, Salmon, J, Ackerman, IN, Adair, T, Adegboye, OA, Ademi, Z, Adhikary, RK, Ahinkorah, BO, Alam, K, Alene, KA, Alif, SM, Amare, AT, Ameyaw, EK, Aminde, LN, Anderlini, D, Angell, B, Ansar, A, Antony, B, Anyasodor, AE, Arnet, VK, Astell-Burt, T, Atorkey, P, Awoke, MA, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayano, G, Bagheri, N, Barnett, A, Baune, BT, Bhandari, D, Bhaskar, S, Biswas, RK, Borschmann, R, Boufous, S, Briggs, AM, Buchbinder, R, Bulamu, NB, Burns, RA, Carvalho, AF, Cerin, E, Cherbuin, N, Chowdhury, EK, Ciobanu, LG, Clark, SR, Cross, M, Dadi, AF, de Courten, B, De Leo, D, de Luca, K, Doyle, KE, Edvardsson, D, Edvardsson, K, Efendi, F, Endalamaw, A, Fauk, NK, Feng, X, Fitzgibbon, BM, Flavel, J, Gebreyohannes, EAA, Gesesew, HA, Gill, TK, Godinho, MA, Gupta, B, Gupta, VK, Hambisa, MT, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hankey, GJ, Hassanian-Moghaddam, H, Hay, SI, Hebert, JJ, Huda, MM, Huda, TM, Islam, MM, Islam, MS, Islam, RM, Kaambwa, B, Kandel, H, Kassie, GM, Kelly, JT, Kerr, JA, Kiross, GT, Knibbs, LD, Kulkarni, VV, Lalloo, R, Le, LKD, Leigh, J, Leung, J, Li, S, Mahumud, RA, Mamun, AA, Marzan, MB, McGrath, JJ, Mehlman, ML, Meretoja, A, Mersha, AG, Miller, TR, Mitchell, PB, Mokdad, AH, Morawska, L, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mude, W, Murray, CJL, Kandel, SN, Nyanhanda, T, Obamiro, KO, Peden, AE, Pesudovs, K, Polkinghorne, KR, Rahman, A, Rahman, MA, Ratan, ZA, Rawal, L, Reifels, L, Renzaho, AMN, Robinson, SR, Roshandel, D, Rumisha, SF, Saunders, PA, Sawyer, SM, Schlaich, MP, Schutte, AE, Seidu, A-A, Sharma, S, Shorofi, SA, Siabani, S, Singh, A, Singh, BB, Slater, H, Stephens, JH, Stokes, MA, Subedi, NS, Sumi, CD, Sun, J, Sundstrom, J, Szoeke, CEI, Tadakamadla, SK, Takahashi, K, Taylor, J, Tessema, MBT, Thrift, AG, To, QG, Tollosa, DN, Tran, MTN, Vandelanotte, C, Varghese, BM, Veerman, LJ, Wang, N, Ward, P, Woodward, M, Wubishet, BL, Xu, X, Ye, P, Bin Zaman, S, Zarghami, A, Zhang, J, Crawford, DA, Islam, SMS, Uddin, R, Maddison, R, Ball, K, Livingstone, KM, Khan, A, Salmon, J, Ackerman, IN, Adair, T, Adegboye, OA, Ademi, Z, Adhikary, RK, Ahinkorah, BO, Alam, K, Alene, KA, Alif, SM, Amare, AT, Ameyaw, EK, Aminde, LN, Anderlini, D, Angell, B, Ansar, A, Antony, B, Anyasodor, AE, Arnet, VK, Astell-Burt, T, Atorkey, P, Awoke, MA, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayano, G, Bagheri, N, Barnett, A, Baune, BT, Bhandari, D, Bhaskar, S, Biswas, RK, Borschmann, R, Boufous, S, Briggs, AM, Buchbinder, R, Bulamu, NB, Burns, RA, Carvalho, AF, Cerin, E, Cherbuin, N, Chowdhury, EK, Ciobanu, LG, Clark, SR, Cross, M, Dadi, AF, de Courten, B, De Leo, D, de Luca, K, Doyle, KE, Edvardsson, D, Edvardsson, K, Efendi, F, Endalamaw, A, Fauk, NK, Feng, X, Fitzgibbon, BM, Flavel, J, Gebreyohannes, EAA, Gesesew, HA, Gill, TK, Godinho, MA, Gupta, B, Gupta, VK, Hambisa, MT, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hankey, GJ, Hassanian-Moghaddam, H, Hay, SI, Hebert, JJ, Huda, MM, Huda, TM, Islam, MM, Islam, MS, Islam, RM, Kaambwa, B, Kandel, H, Kassie, GM, Kelly, JT, Kerr, JA, Kiross, GT, Knibbs, LD, Kulkarni, VV, Lalloo, R, Le, LKD, Leigh, J, Leung, J, Li, S, Mahumud, RA, Mamun, AA, Marzan, MB, McGrath, JJ, Mehlman, ML, Meretoja, A, Mersha, AG, Miller, TR, Mitchell, PB, Mokdad, AH, Morawska, L, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mude, W, Murray, CJL, Kandel, SN, Nyanhanda, T, Obamiro, KO, Peden, AE, Pesudovs, K, Polkinghorne, KR, Rahman, A, Rahman, MA, Ratan, ZA, Rawal, L, Reifels, L, Renzaho, AMN, Robinson, SR, Roshandel, D, Rumisha, SF, Saunders, PA, Sawyer, SM, Schlaich, MP, Schutte, AE, Seidu, A-A, Sharma, S, Shorofi, SA, Siabani, S, Singh, A, Singh, BB, Slater, H, Stephens, JH, Stokes, MA, Subedi, NS, Sumi, CD, Sun, J, Sundstrom, J, Szoeke, CEI, Tadakamadla, SK, Takahashi, K, Taylor, J, Tessema, MBT, Thrift, AG, To, QG, Tollosa, DN, Tran, MTN, Vandelanotte, C, Varghese, BM, Veerman, LJ, Wang, N, Ward, P, Woodward, M, Wubishet, BL, Xu, X, Ye, P, Bin Zaman, S, Zarghami, A, Zhang, J, and Crawford, DA
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: A comprehensive understanding of temporal trends in the disease burden in Australia is lacking, and these trends are required to inform health service planning and improve population health. We explored the burden and trends of diseases and their risk factors in Australia from 1990 to 2019 through a comprehensive analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS: In this systematic analysis for GBD 2019, we estimated all-cause mortality using the standardised GBD methodology. Data sources included primarily vital registration systems with additional data from sample registrations, censuses, surveys, surveillance, registries, and verbal autopsies. A composite measure of health loss caused by fatal and non-fatal disease burden (disability-adjusted life-years [DALYs]) was calculated as the sum of years of life lost (YLLs) and years of life lived with disability (YLDs). Comparisons between Australia and 14 other high-income countries were made. FINDINGS: Life expectancy at birth in Australia improved from 77·0 years (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 76·9-77·1) in 1990 to 82·9 years (82·7-83·1) in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, the age-standardised death rate decreased from 637·7 deaths (95% UI 634·1-641·3) to 389·2 deaths (381·4-397·6) per 100 000 population. In 2019, non-communicable diseases remained the major cause of mortality in Australia, accounting for 90·9% (95% UI 90·4-91·9) of total deaths, followed by injuries (5·7%, 5·3-6·1) and communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases (3·3%, 2·9-3·7). Ischaemic heart disease, self-harm, tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer, stroke, and colorectal cancer were the leading causes of YLLs. The leading causes of YLDs were low back pain, depressive disorders, other musculoskeletal diseases, falls, and anxiety disorders. The leading risk factors for DALYs were high BMI, smoking, high blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, and drug use. Between 1990 and 2019, all-cause DALYs decreased
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- 2023
45. A Global Survey of Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) Identified vAh Strains in the Lower Mekong River Basin and Diverse Opportunistic Pathogens from Farmed Fish and Other Environmental Sources
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Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Xu, Tingbi; Rasmussen-Ivey, Cody R.; Moen, Francesco S.; Fernandez-Bravo, Ana; Lamy, Brigitte; Beaz-Hidalgo, Roxana; Khan, Chan Dara; Escarpulli, Graciela Castro; Yasin, Ina Salwany M.; Figueras, Maria J.; Azzam-Sayuti, Mohamad; Karim, Muhammad Manjurul; Alam, K. M. Mazharul; Le, Thao Thu Thi; Thao, Ngo Huynh Phuong; Addo, Samuel; Duodu, Samuel; Ali, Shahzad; Latif, Tooba; Mey, Sothea; Somony, Thay; Liles, Mark R., Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Xu, Tingbi; Rasmussen-Ivey, Cody R.; Moen, Francesco S.; Fernandez-Bravo, Ana; Lamy, Brigitte; Beaz-Hidalgo, Roxana; Khan, Chan Dara; Escarpulli, Graciela Castro; Yasin, Ina Salwany M.; Figueras, Maria J.; Azzam-Sayuti, Mohamad; Karim, Muhammad Manjurul; Alam, K. M. Mazharul; Le, Thao Thu Thi; Thao, Ngo Huynh Phuong; Addo, Samuel; Duodu, Samuel; Ali, Shahzad; Latif, Tooba; Mey, Sothea; Somony, Thay; Liles, Mark R.
- Abstract
Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) has emerged as the etiologic agent of epidemic outbreaks of motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in high-density aquaculture of farmed carp in China and catfish in the United States, which has caused millions of tons of lost fish. We conducted a global survey to better understand the evolution, geographical distribution, and phylogeny of vAh. Aeromonas isolates were isolated from fish that showed clinical symptoms of MAS, and pure cultures were screened for the ability to utilize myo-inositol as the sole carbon source. A total of 113 myo-inositol-utilizing bacterial strains were included in this study, including additional strains obtained from previously published culture collections. Based on a gyrB phylogeny, this collection included 66 A. hydrophila isolates, 48 of which were vAh. This collection also included five new vAh isolates from diseased Pangas catfish (Pangasius pangasius) and striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) obtained in Cambodia and Vietnam, respectively. Genome sequences were generated from representative vAh and non-vAh isolates to evaluate the potential for lateral genetic transfer of the myo-inositol catabolism pathway. Phylogenetic analyses of each of the nine genes required for myo-inositol utilization revealed the close affiliation of vAh strains regardless of geographic origin and suggested lateral genetic transfer of this catabolic pathway from an Enterobacter species. Prediction of virulence factors was conducted to determine differences between vAh and non-vAh strains in terms of virulence and secretion systems. Core genome phylogenetic analyses on vAh isolates and Aeromonas spp. disease isolates (55 in total) were conducted to evaluate the evolutionary relationships among vAh and other Aeromona
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- 2023
46. Selection of Most Suitable Secondary School Alternative by Multi-Criteria Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
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Rahman, N. S. M. Rezaur, primary, Chowdhury, Md. Abdul Ahad, additional, Siraj, Abdullah-Al Nahian, additional, Rahman, Rashedur M., additional, Karim, Rezaul, additional, and Alam, K. M. Arafat, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
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47. Links to the R=T Framework
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Alam, K. M. Nabiul, primary
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- 2018
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48. Serotype Variations and Distributions of Dengue Virus During the 2022 Outbreak in Chattogram, Bangladesh.
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BISWAS, R. S. R., SEQUEIRA, A., NAFISA, S., ALAM, K. M. T., and BISHOP, J.
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DENGUE viruses ,DENGUE hemorrhagic fever ,DENGUE ,VIRAL load ,SEROTYPES ,SEROTYPING - Abstract
Introduction: In the year 2022, a Dengue virus outbreak occurred nationwide in Bangladesh, including Chattogram, a port city. The purpose of this study was to identify and document the serotypes of Dengue virus and to measure the viral load of the virus positive specimens. Methods: This observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Chattogram during a period of six months from June through December, 2022. A total of 74 patients with symptoms suggestive of Dengue Fever(DF) and NS1 or IgM/IgG positive dengue patients were recruited into the study. From them clinicopathological data was collected on a case record form(CRF). Ten ml of venous whole blood was drawn in EDTA tubes then centrifuged and was sent to the laboratory at SlieaGen L.L.C in Austin, Texas, USA, for Dengue serotyping and viral load analysis by qPCR-LDT method. A total of 73 specimens were analyzed, one specimen was excluded. Ethical clearance was obtained from the hospital ethical review board, written informed consents were also taken from all subjects. Serotyping and qPCR testing data was shared by SlieaGen LLC once analysis was completed. Results: Amongst the 74 patients most were male 57(77%) and most [20(40.5%)] patients were young at 21-30 years. All had history of fever(100%), followed by body aches 67(90.5%), headache 49(66.2%) and weakness 55(74.3%). Positive NS1, IgM Dengue Ab and IgG Dengue Ab were found in 68(91.9%), 8(10.8%) and 3(4.1%) cases respectively. Frequency of serotype distributions revealed DENV 1 and DENV 3 were the most common serotypes 25(33.8%) and 16(21.6%) respectively also DENV 2 was 3(4.1%) and DENV 4 was 1(1.4%). Among 27 virus positive cases single infection DENV 1 was found in 10(13.51%) samples, DENV 3 and DENV 4 found in 1(1.4%) samples each, doubly infected (DENV 1 + DENV 2) was found in 12(16.2%) samples, triple infected (DENV 1 + DENV 2 + DENV 3) was found in 3(4.1%) samples. No virus was detected in 46(62.16%) samples. Viral load (Mean ± SD) found in DENV 1(890974.48 ± 4156206)cp/ml, DENV 2 (33423.00 ± 9088.35)cp/ml, DENV 3(23991.12 ± 51250.18)cp/ml and DENV 4 (822.00cp/ml) in virus detected samples. Conclusions: All four serotypes were found in the 2022 Dengue outbreak in Chittagong and DENV 1 and DENV 3 were common serotype. Simultaneous double and triple serotype infection in the same patients may be related with different unusual clinical features which need further documentations in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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49. A Global Survey of Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) Identified vAh Strains in the Lower Mekong River Basin and Diverse Opportunistic Pathogens from Farmed Fish and Other Environmental Sources
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Xu, Tingbi, primary, Rasmussen-Ivey, Cody R., additional, Moen, Francesco S., additional, Fernández-Bravo, Ana, additional, Lamy, Brigitte, additional, Beaz-Hidalgo, Roxana, additional, Khan, Chan Dara, additional, Castro Escarpulli, Graciela, additional, Yasin, Ina Salwany M., additional, Figueras, Maria J., additional, Azzam-Sayuti, Mohamad, additional, Karim, Muhammad Manjurul, additional, Alam, K. M. Mazharul, additional, Le, Thao Thu Thi, additional, Thao, Ngo Huynh Phuong, additional, Addo, Samuel, additional, Duodu, Samuel, additional, Ali, Shahzad, additional, Latif, Tooba, additional, Mey, Sothea, additional, Somony, Thay, additional, and Liles, Mark R., additional
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- 2023
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50. Nigelladine A among Selected Compounds from Nigella sativa Exhibits Propitious Interaction with Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Study
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Miraz, Md Mehedy Hasan, primary, Ullah, Md Afif, additional, Nayem, Abdullah Al, additional, Chakrobortty, Brototi, additional, Deb, Sanjoy, additional, Laskar, Anee, additional, Tithi, Nishita Umaya, additional, Saha, Nilay, additional, Chowdhury, Anita Rani, additional, Alam, K. M. Khairul, additional, Wahed, Tania Binte, additional, Khursheed Alam, Mohammad, additional, and Kundu, Sukalyan Kumar, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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