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108 results on '"Alain Lafeuillade"'

1. Highlights of the 9th edition of the Conference on HIV Persistence During Therapy, 10–13 December 2019, Miami, USA

Author: ChristinaK Psomas, Karl Salzwedel, Mario Stevenson, Guido Poli, Jean-Pierre Routy, David Margolis, Nicolas Chomont, and Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2020
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2. Highlights from the 20th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID) 16–18 May 2018, Marseille, France: from HIV and comorbidities to global health

Author: Christina Psomas, Sabine Kinloch, Caroline Sabin, Vicente Soriano, Caroline Solas, Chloe Orkin, José Bernardino, Adrian Curran, Jean-Pierre Routy, Patricia Enel, Patrick Philibert, and Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: The 20th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases took place in Marseille, France. It had a refreshing European look with reinforced partnerships with the European AIDS Clinical Society and the British HIV Association and with international speakers and participants. Topics included HIV and global health, HIV and hepatitis cure, the microbiome and immunotherapies, clinical research and methodology, as well as chemsex, pre-exposure prophylaxis, sexually transmitted infections and emerging infectious diseases. Novel areas of research were also described, such as electronic technology in order to improve HIV management, and the expert patient.
Published: 2018
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3. Highlights from the 8th International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy, 12–15 December 2017, Miami, FL, USA

Author: Christina K. Psomas, Alain Lafeuillade, David Margolis, Karl Salzwedel, Mario Stevenson, Nicolas Chomont, Guido Poli, and Jean-Pierre Routy
Subjects: HIV persistence, HIV reservoirs, HIV cure, HIV functional cure, HIV eradication, Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Over 4 days, more than 500 scientists involved in HIV persistence research shared their new unpublished data and designed future perspectives towards ART-free HIV remission. This 8th International Workshop on HIV Persistence followed the format of past conferences but further focused on encouraging participation of young investigators, especially through submission of oral and poster presentations. The topic of the workshop was HIV persistence. Consequently, issues of HIV reservoirs and HIV cure were also addressed. In this article, we report the discussions as closely as possible; however, all the workshop abstracts can be found online at www.viruseradication.com.
Published: 2018
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4. Are current guidelines adapted for patient eligibility to PrEP? A case report

Author: Elise K. Van Obberghen, Delphine Viard, Alain Lafeuillade, Alexandre Civiletti, Fanny Rocher, and Milou-Daniel Drici
Subjects: Pre-exposure prophylaxis, Antiretroviral therapy, Men who have sex with men, HIV diagnostic tests, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Abstract Background Despite effective antiretroviral therapy developed over the last decade, HIV infection remains a major worldwide public health problem. Recently, a promising preventive treatment has been made available for HIV prophylaxis, PrEP for pre-ExPosure Prophylaxis. Indeed, it was shown to significantly reduce the risk of HIV infection in patients exposed to high risk of infection such as men having sex with men (MSM), heterosexuals and people who inject drugs. Several issues pertaining to PrEP remain uncertain including short and long-term adverse events, drug resistance, risk compensation and resurgence of other sexually transmitted infections. Case presentation We report a case of a 52-year-old MSM eligible for PrEP as he was exposed to a high risk of HIV infection, presented no clinical symptoms of HIV primary infection and was seronegative for HIV. PrEP therapy was then initiated with fixed association of emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil. One month later, HIV tests using two different assays were positive, despite perfect compliance reported by the patient and confirmed by plasma drug level. A retrospective search for plasma viral RNA in the blood sample before PrEP initiation turned out positive. Genotyping and treatment sensitivity performed on sample after one month of PrEP showed a virus resistance to lamivudine and emtricitabine. Similar cases in the literature and pivotal studies have reported HIV infections in patients initiating or undergoing PrEP. These patients where either infected but still seronegative, displaying no clinical symptoms upon enrollment, or became infected during PrEP. Reasons are mainly poor compliance to treatment, resistance to PrEP, and lack of diagnosis before PrEP. Guidelines advocate safe sex behavior before initiation, search for clinical signs of HIV primary infection and two different serologic tests performed with one-month interval. Discussion and conclusions Our patient newly HIV infected received PrEP as he was still seronegative. Current recommendations fail to screen recently HIV infected, but still seronegative patients who are initiating PrEP. This issue raises strong concerns regarding the lack of adequate selection for eligibility to PrEP and may contribute to exposing partners to HIV infection and select viral mutations. Infection risk could be minimized by search for plasma viral HIV RNA at pre-inclusion, at least for patients suspected of unsafe behaviors such as non-respect of the non-exposure period before PrEP initiation.
Published: 2019
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5. Highlights from the 2016 International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID)

Author: Jean-Pierre Routy, Christina Psomas, Vicente Soriano, Patrick Philibert, Hervé Tissot-Dupont, and Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: HIV, HIV cure, HIV vaccine, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, hepatitis E, Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: For three days in May 2016, the International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases gathered participants from all over the world around the theme ‘Fighting deadly viruses’. HIV infection remained the main topic of the meeting but hepatitis, Ebola and Zika viruses as well as other emergent pathogens were also extensively covered. In this article we have tried to summarise what was presented during the plenary lectures, the two keynote lectures, and some of the work accepted for oral presentation. However, all abstracts can be found on the Journal of Virus Eradication website (viruseradication.com/abstract.php)
Published: 2016
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6. Highlights from the Seventh International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy, 8–11 December 2015, Miami, Florida, USA

Author: David M. Margolis, Karl Salzwedel, Nicolas Chomont, Christina Psomas, Jean-Pierre Routy, Guido Poli, and Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: HIV persistence, HIV reservoirs, HIV cure, HIV functional cure, HIV eradication, Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Over 4 days, more than 270 scientists involved in HIV persistence research convened to share their data and discuss future avenues to control HIV without continuous antiretroviral therapy.This 7th International Workshop on HIV Persistence followed the format of the preceding conferences but more time was given for discussing abstracts submitted by the participants and selected by the Steering and Scientific Committees.The topic of the workshop is HIV persistence: consequently, issues of HIV reservoirs and HIV cure are also addressed. In this article we report as closely as possible what was discussed. However, owing to length constraints, not everything is reported here but all the Workshop abstracts can be found online (www.viruseradication.com).
Published: 2016
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7. The usefulness of an annual medical check-up in people living with HIV: a French multicenter experience

Author: Patrick Philibert, Marie-Sophie Antolini-Bouvenot, Alain Lafeuillade, Frank Tollinchi, Patricia Granet, and Patricia Enel
Subjects: Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2018
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8. HIV PreP opens the door to STDs. The pros

Author: Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: Microbiology, QR1-502, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2016
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9. In-Depth Characterization of Full-Length Archived Viral Genomes after Nine Years of Posttreatment HIV Control

Author: Pauline Trémeaux, Frédéric Lemoine, Adeline Mélard, Marine Gousset, Faroudy Boufassa, Sylvie Orr, Valérie Monceaux, Olivier Gascuel, Olivier Lambotte, Laurent Hocqueloux, Asier Saez-Cirion, Christine Rouzioux, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Maxime Hentzien, Jean-Luc Berger, Isabelle Kmiec, Gilles Pichancourt, Safa Nasri, Gilles Hittinger, Véronique Lambry, Anne-Cécile Beaudrey, Gilles Pialoux, Julie Chas, Christia Palacios, Anne Adda, Jean Paul Viard, Marie-Josée Dulucq, Laurence Weiss, Marina Karmochkine, Mohamed Meghadecha, Dominique Salmon-Ceron, Marie-Pierre Piétri, Philippe Blanche, Jean-Michel Molina, Olivier Taulera, Diane Ponscarme, Jeannine Delgado Bertaut, Djamila Makhloufi, Matthieu Godinot, Valérie Artizzu, Patrick Miailhes, Laurent Cotte, Sophie Pailhes, Anne Conrad, Ludovic Karkowski, Stanislas Ogoudjobi, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Sophie Matheron, Cindy Godard, Louis Bernard, Frédéric Bastides, Olivier Bourgault, Christine Jacomet, Emilie Goncalves, Pascal Chavanet, Lionel Piroth, Sandrine Gohier, Agnès Meybeck, Thomas Huleux, Pauline Cornavin, Yasmine Debab, David Théron, Thierry Prazuck, Barbara De Dieuleveult, Jean-Pierre Faller, Patricia Eglinger, Pascal Roblot, David Plainchamp, Hugues Aumaître, Martine Malet, Christine Rouger, Gérard Rémy, Melle Kmiec Isabelle, Jean-Luc Delassus, Alain Devidas, Eric Froguel, Sylvie Tassi, Philippe Genet, Juliette Gerbe, Olivier Patey, Richier Laurent, Marie-Christine Drobacheff, Aurélie Proust, Helder Gil, Laurence Gérard, Eric Oksenhendler, Caroline Lascoux, Sylvie Parlier, Frédéric Lucht, Véronique Ronat, Michel Dupon, Hervé Dutronc, Séverine Le Puil, Didier Neau, Patrick Mercié, Philippe Morlat, Sabrina Caldato, Jean-Luc Schmit, Nathalie Decaux, Jean-Pierre Bru, Gaëlle Clavere, Jean-François Delfraissy, Cécile Goujard, Katia Bourdic, Daniel Vittecoq, Claudine Bolliot, Thierry Lambert, Jean-François Bergmann, Maguy Parrinello, Yves Welker, Alain Lafeuillade, Gisèle Philip, Christophe Rapp, Melle Lerondel, Pierre de Truchis, Berthe Huguette, Vincent Jeantils, Fatouma Mchangama, Paul Henri Consigny, Fatima Touam, Sophie le Nagat, Olivier Bouchaud, Patricia Honoré, François Boué, Mariem Raho-Moussa, Jean-Paul Viard, Agnès Cros, Dominique Salmon-Céron, Marie-Pierre Pietri, Lio Collias, David Zucman, Olivier Blétry, Dominique Bornarel, Emmanuel Mortier, Zeng Feng, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Christine Katlama, Yasmine Dudoit, Anne Simon, Catherine Lupin, Pierre-Marie Girard, Michèle Pauchard, Sylvie Abel, André Cabié, Pascale Fialaire, Jean-Marie Chennebault, Sami Rehaiem, Luc de Saint Martin, •••• Perfezou, Jean-Charles Duthe, Pierre Weinbreck, Claire Genet, Florence Garnier, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Olivia Fauche, Alena Ivanova, Patrick Philibert, Mame Penda Sow, Patrick Yeni, Cyndi Godard, François Raffi, Hervé Hüe, Philippe Perré, Pierre Marie Roger, Aline Joulie, Éric Rosenthal, Christian Michelet, Faouzi Souala, Maja Ratajczak, Marialuisa Partisani, Patricia Fischer, Pascale Nau, Pierre Delobel, Florence Balsarin, Marc De Lavaissiere, Renaud Verdon, Philippe Feret, Pascale Leclercq, •••• Gerberon, Agnés Meybeck, Raphaël Biekre, Thierry May, •••• Bouillon, François Caron, David Theron, Marc Gatfosse, Martin Martinot, Anne Pachart, Patrice Poubeau, Catherine Gaud, Agnès Uludag, Philippe Arsac, Lydia Bouaraba, Barbara de Dieulevault, Isabelle De Lacroix Szmania, Laurent Richier, Vincent Daneluzzi, Elisabeth Rouveix, Geneviève Beck-Wirth, Philippe Romand, Laurent Blum, Martine Deschaud, Christophe Michau, Christian Bernard, Florence Salaun, Philippe Muller, Yves Poinsignon, Annie Lepretre, Albert Sotto, •••• Doncesco, Pascale Perfezou, Jean Charles Duthe, Mathilde Aurore Niault, Virginie Mouton-Rioux, Jean-Philippe Talarmin, Jean Charles Duthé, Mathilde Dupont, Stéphane Natur, Hikombo Hitoto, and Ali Mahamadou Ibrahim
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, General Immunology and Microbiology, Ecology, Physiology, Genetics, Cell Biology
Abstract: Most people living with HIV need antiretroviral therapy to control their infection and experience viral relapse in case of treatment interruption, because of viral reservoir (proviruses) persistence. Knowing that proviruses are very diverse and most of them are defective in treated individuals, we aimed to characterize the HIV blood reservoirs of posttreatment controllers (PTCs), rare models of drug-free remission, in comparison with spontaneous controllers and treated individuals.
Published: 2023

10. Highlights of the 9th edition of the Conference on HIV Persistence During Therapy, 10–13 December 2019, Miami, USA

Author: Christina Psomas, Mario Stevenson, Alain Lafeuillade, Karl Salzwedel, Nicolas Chomont, David J. Margolis, Guido Poli, Jean-Pierre Routy, Psomas, Christina K, Salzwedel, Karl, Stevenson, Mario, Poli, Guido, Routy, Jean-Pierre, Margolis, David, Chomont, Nicola, and Lafeuillade, Alain
Subjects: Persistence (psychology), Epidemiology, business.industry, Immunology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Conference Report, Miami, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, QR1-502, Infectious Diseases, Virology, medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Demography
Published: 2020

11. Highlights from the 8th International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy, 12–15 December 2017, Miami, FL, USA

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Mario Stevenson, Christina Psomas, Karl Salzwedel, Jean-Pierre Routy, Nicolas Chomont, David J. Margolis, Guido Poli, Psomas, Christina K, Lafeuillade, Alain, Margolis, David, Salzwedel, Karl, Stevenson, Mario, Chomont, Nicola, Poli, Guido, and Routy, Jean-Pierre
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Persistence (psychology), medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Immunology, education, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus diseases, Conference Report, Miami, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, QR1-502, 03 medical and health sciences, HIV persistence, HIV reservoirs, HIV cure, HIV functional cure, HIV eradication, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Family medicine, medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Psychology
Abstract: Over 4 days, more than 500 scientists involved in HIV persistence research shared their new unpublished data and designed future perspectives towards ART-free HIV remission. This 8th International Workshop on HIV Persistence followed the format of past conferences but further focused on encouraging participation of young investigators, especially through submission of oral and poster presentations. The topic of the workshop was HIV persistence. Consequently, issues of HIV reservoirs and HIV cure were also addressed. In this article, we report the discussions as closely as possible; however, all the workshop abstracts can be found online at www.viruseradication.com.
Published: 2018

12. Are current guidelines adapted for patient eligibility to PrEP?

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Milou-Daniel Drici, Alexandre Civiletti, Fanny Rocher, and Elise Van Obberghen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics, medicine, Medical physics, Current (fluid), business
Published: 2018

13. Highlights from the 2016 International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID)

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Hervé Tissot-Dupont, Christina Psomas, Jean-Pierre Routy, Patrick Philibert, and Vicente Soriano
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, HIV vaccine, Epidemiology, media_common.quotation_subject, viruses, Immunology, education, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Presentation, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, business.industry, HIV cure, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, HIV, Hepatitis E, medicine.disease, QR1-502, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Family medicine, hepatitis E, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business
Abstract: For three days in May 2016, the International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases gathered participants from all over the world around the theme ‘Fighting deadly viruses’. HIV infection remained the main topic of the meeting but hepatitis, Ebola and Zika viruses as well as other emergent pathogens were also extensively covered. In this article we have tried to summarise what was presented during the plenary lectures, the two keynote lectures, and some of the work accepted for oral presentation. However, all abstracts can be found on the Journal of Virus Eradication website (viruseradication.com/abstract.php)
Published: 2016

14. Highlights from the Seventh International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy, 8–11 December 2015, Miami, Florida, USA

Author: Karl Salzwedel, David M. Margolis, Nicolas Chomont, Christina Psomas, Alain Lafeuillade, Jean-Pierre Routy, Guido Poli, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Toulon-La Seyne sur Mer - Hôpital Sainte-Musse, Herrada, Anthony, Margolis, David M, Salzwedel, Karl, Chomont, Nicola, Psomas, Christina, Routy, Jean Pierre, Poli, Guido, and Lafeuillade, Alain
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Persistence (psychology), Gerontology, Epidemiology, Immunology, education, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV reservoirs, HIV persistence, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, HIV cure, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, virus diseases, Conference Report, Miami, HIV eradication, Antiretroviral therapy, QR1-502, 3. Good health, HIV functional cure, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Over 4 days, more than 270 scientists involved in HIV persistence research convened to share their data and discuss future avenues to control HIV without continuous antiretroviral therapy. This 7(th) International Workshop on HIV Persistence followed the format of the preceding conferences but more time was given for discussing abstracts submitted by the participants and selected by the Steering and Scientific Committees. The topic of the workshop is HIV persistence: consequently, issues of HIV reservoirs and HIV cure are also addressed. In this article we report as closely as possible what was discussed. However, owing to length constraints, not everything is reported here but all the Workshop abstracts can be found online (www.viruseradication.com).
Published: 2016

15. Are current guidelines adapted for patient eligibility to PrEP? A case report

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Alexandre Civiletti, Milou-Daniel Drici, Delphine Viard, Elise Van Obberghen, and Fanny Rocher
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, HIV diagnostic tests, Anti-HIV Agents, 030106 microbiology, HIV Infections, Case Report, Drug resistance, Emtricitabine, Men who have sex with men, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Pre-exposure prophylaxis, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical microbiology, Internal medicine, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, Male, Adverse effect, business.industry, Risk of infection, Lamivudine, Middle Aged, Antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Diseases, Practice Guidelines as Topic, RNA, Viral, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Despite effective antiretroviral therapy developed over the last decade, HIV infection remains a major worldwide public health problem. Recently, a promising preventive treatment has been made available for HIV prophylaxis, PrEP for pre-ExPosure Prophylaxis. Indeed, it was shown to significantly reduce the risk of HIV infection in patients exposed to high risk of infection such as men having sex with men (MSM), heterosexuals and people who inject drugs. Several issues pertaining to PrEP remain uncertain including short and long-term adverse events, drug resistance, risk compensation and resurgence of other sexually transmitted infections. Case presentation We report a case of a 52-year-old MSM eligible for PrEP as he was exposed to a high risk of HIV infection, presented no clinical symptoms of HIV primary infection and was seronegative for HIV. PrEP therapy was then initiated with fixed association of emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil. One month later, HIV tests using two different assays were positive, despite perfect compliance reported by the patient and confirmed by plasma drug level. A retrospective search for plasma viral RNA in the blood sample before PrEP initiation turned out positive. Genotyping and treatment sensitivity performed on sample after one month of PrEP showed a virus resistance to lamivudine and emtricitabine. Similar cases in the literature and pivotal studies have reported HIV infections in patients initiating or undergoing PrEP. These patients where either infected but still seronegative, displaying no clinical symptoms upon enrollment, or became infected during PrEP. Reasons are mainly poor compliance to treatment, resistance to PrEP, and lack of diagnosis before PrEP. Guidelines advocate safe sex behavior before initiation, search for clinical signs of HIV primary infection and two different serologic tests performed with one-month interval. Discussion and conclusions Our patient newly HIV infected received PrEP as he was still seronegative. Current recommendations fail to screen recently HIV infected, but still seronegative patients who are initiating PrEP. This issue raises strong concerns regarding the lack of adequate selection for eligibility to PrEP and may contribute to exposing partners to HIV infection and select viral mutations. Infection risk could be minimized by search for plasma viral HIV RNA at pre-inclusion, at least for patients suspected of unsafe behaviors such as non-respect of the non-exposure period before PrEP initiation.
Published: 2018

16. Impact of IL28B on the treatment decision in naïve and experienced patients with genotype 1 and 4 chronic hepatitis C in real-life clinical practice: A prospective multicenter cohort

Author: Jean-François Cadranel, Philippe Halfon, Hacène Khiri, Iliade Investigators, Thierry Allegre, Christophe Renou, Alain Lafeuillade, Denis Ouzan, Patrick Delasalle, Guillaume Penaranda, Tarik Asselah, Nabil Haddad, and Marc Bourlière
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Genotype, Context (language use), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Hepatitis, Hepatology, business.industry, Interleukins, Mouth Mucosa, Gastroenterology, DNA, Odds ratio, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Cohort, Female, Interferons, business
Abstract: Summary Background The impact of the IL28B genotype on the real-life treatment decisions for patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is unknown. Objective To prospectively analyze the impact of IL28B genotype in HCV genotype 1 (G1)- or 4 (G4)-infected patients using buccal epithelial cell samples in real-life clinical practices. Patients and methods From October 2011 to March 2013, 1007 CHC patients were included among 127 French clinical centers. Results The IL28B CC, CT, and TT genotype distribution was 252 (25%), 576 (57%), and 177 (18%), respectively. The treatment decisions were recorded and matched with the initial intentions for 433 patients. Multivariate analysis on intention to start treatment showed that patients with HCV G4 were less likely to be intended to be treated than HCV G1 patients (odds ratio [OR] = 0.43 [95% CI 0.19–0.97], P = 0.04); similarly HIV-HCV coinfected patients were less likely to be intended to be treated than HCV monoinfected patients (OR = 0.20 [0.09–0.41], P P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis on final decision to treat showed that Patients with F3–F4 were more likely to be treated than others (OR = 2.06 [1.26–3.38], P = 0.004). Conversely, although P -values are not significant, patients recruited in public hospitals tended to be less treated (OR = 0.65 [0.40–1.04], P = 0.069), similarly to HIV-HCV coinfected patients (OR = 0.55 [0.28–1.11], P = 0.095). Conclusion Our study showed that the IL28B genotype is used for the management of HCV-infected patients. In the context of future treatments, IL28B genotyping may remain useful if it can be used to develop individualized treatment strategies, identifying patients who can be successfully treated with shorter, simpler, or cheaper regimens.
Published: 2014

17. Clinical features and prognostic factors of listeriosis: the MONALISA national prospective cohort study

Author: Odile Fremin-Batteux, Juliette Clarissou-Philippe, Benoît Jauhlac, Severine Guyetand, Jacques Gasnault, Corinne Haioun, Liamine Aissaoui, Marie-Christine Pages, Marie-Pierre Fos, Christian Rose, Didier Hubert, Marie-Rose Rothe, N. Bouziges, Benoît Huc, François Devianne, Sabine Bidart, Anne Forest, Kevin Bertrand, Mohamed Eldeghedy, Annick Verhaeghe, Caroline Malderet, Anne Bertrou, Bernard Guerquin, Catherine Duche, Muriel Archambaud, Rabea Cotteret, Olivier Toullalan, Yves Devaux, Smail Bergheul, Valérie Sivadon-Tardy, Pierre-Gilles Merville, Geneviève Blanchard-Marche, Didier Raoult, Bernard Hory, Florence Richardin, Evelyne Belle, Mohamed Menouar, K Guitteaud, Mohamad Mohty, Ambroise Montcriol, Max Laurin, Aurélia Picard, Jean-Paul Mira, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Richard Bonnet, Michel Wolff, Sébastien Maillez, Jeanne Maugein, Véronique Leblond, Nicola Walid, Bernard Gauche, Mathieu Evillard, Hassen Jeddi, Anne Bourlet, Isabelle Grawey, Thierry Jault, Sandrine Hiret, Valerie Gaborieau, Véronique Boin-Gay, An Kim, Thierry Constans, Jean-François Gaide, Martine Giraud, Eric Meaudre Desgouttes, Alain Fur, Abdallah Maakaroun, Olivier Matray, Bertrand Maubert, Frédérique Péchinot, Aurelie Garbi, Claire Delbrouck, Benoît Grandclerc, Vincent Cadiergue, Hervé Lécuyer, Bernadette Grignon, Thierry Bensaid, Nicole Constantin, Yannick Chevalier, Hassène Rahmani, Thierry Levent, Joelle Desliers, Florence Van de Velde, Xavier Adhoute, Clara Andriau, Christophe Charasse, Rémi Vatan, Benoît Martha, Alain Lecis, Didier Albert, Romain Jacobs, Hélène Lefranc, Christian Martin, Nasseur Rezgui, Bertrand Pigeon, Catherine Le Henaff, Dominique Cassignard, Françoise Cotes, Eric Pujade Lauraine, Jean-François Gattault, Nicole Ferreira-Maident, Noémie Jourde-Chiche, Hélène Garrec, Olivier Darchen, Carole Schwebel, Marie-Christine Bezian, Patrick Daoud, Tsouria Becaid, Simone Laluque, David Broche, Christine Boisselier, Pascale Martres, Sarah Hammami, Brigitte Olivier, Jean-Marie Nkunzimana, Eric Monlun, Isabelle Marterl-Lafay, Marion Carboni, Marie-Françoise Mattei, Sandrine Castelin, Isabelle Barillot, Marie-Noelle Cufi, Thomas Kaiser, Catherine Herry, Pascal Hutin, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki, Bernard Branger, Pierre Thomas, Elie Zagdoun, Anne Goquelin, Ziad Assaf, Ingrid Croquet, Bruno Pozzetto, Thomas Similowski, Anne-Isabelle Briere, Marie-Thérèse Albertini, Mariam Blaka, Christelle Tassot, Anne Gaschet, Jean-Philippe Lavigne, Antoine Pujol, Philippe Colombat, Edouard Devaud, Hana Talabani-Boizot, François Barière, Anne-Marie Cordier, Philippe Gueudet, Georges Simon, Anne-Sophie Lipovac, Françoise Bandaly, Anne Beauplet-Lepage, Sylvie Prince, Charlotte Jouzel, Jean-Luc Deboutin, Patrick Zavadil, Louis Puybasset, Marie-Cécile Petit, Loïc Guillevin, Kamel Touati, Christophe Ntalu Nkato, Sylvie Carette, Jacques Vaucel, Chantal Delasalle, Marine Gross Goupil, Laurent Gutmann, Christiane Payen, Annick Barboteau, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Christophe Legendre, Philippe Roulier, Elie Azria, Ibrahim Farah, Isabelle Rouquette-Vincent, Anne-Sophie Erena-Penet, Philippe Labadie, Eric Josien, Aicha Derragui, Mathieu Legrand, Odile Beyne-Rauzy, Jean-Marc Nabholtz, Marie-Joelle Demarcq, Olivier Garosi, Michel Deiber, Fabrice Chaix, Bertrand Souweine, Anne Collignon, Gisèle Renard, Mickael Jego, Gilles Bernardin, Anne Allart, Jocelyn Barrier, Marc Vasse, Philippe Ménager, Marc Wurmser, Abderkader Ouazir, Olivier Gontieron, Yvon Berland, Sébastien Trouiller, David Leysenne, Christophe Ozanon, Fanny Autret, Tahar Saghi, Loïc Dopeux, Sophie Benoit-Coustou, T. Fraisse, Christine Maillard, Karine Nikodijevic, Georges Kaltenbach, Angéline Jamet, Philippe Aucher, Julie Bottero, Marie-Claude Piffaut, Marianne Besnard, Florence Courillon, Marie Bonfils, Christine Ghevaert, Marie Destors, Eliette Jeanmaire, Franck Zerbib, Manuel-Luis Gameiro, T Prazuck, Laurent Mandin, Olivier Guisset, Marguerite Fines, Toufik Feddal, Agnès Jouffret, Louis Mesnard, Thomas Bourrée, Hasinrina Razafimahefa, Sylvestre Tigaud, Vincent Estève, Philippe Malherbe, Jean-Michel Salord, Pascal Adam, Bertrand Rozec, Michel Fuillet, Olivier Lemenand, Denis Quinsat, Ana Danalaché, Véronique Vialette, François Brosset, Patrick Messner Pellenc, Nicolas Heisel, Edouard Girard, Régine Martin, Olivier Garesslin, Catherine Mille, Alexandre Gascon, Marc Nicolino, Laurence Mouly, Claire Fabre, Bénédicte Ponceau, Marie-Etiennette Emeriau, Pascal Cathebras, Bérangère Bernardaud, Michèle Pérouse de Montclos, O. Arsene, Karine Grenet, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Sten De Witte, Anne Scemla, Laurence Bouillet, Christophe Burucoa, Vincent Loffeier, Séverine Visentin, Luc Desfrere, Miloud Arabi, Frédérique Costa, Sylvie Lechat, Ali Chekroun, Raymond Ruimy, Marie, Jérôme Bizet, Xavier Nassif, Baihas Dib, Patrick Bert-Marcaz, Laurent Martin Lefèvre, Nicholas Sedillot, Blandine Cattier, Emilie Boidin, Daniel Sondag, Aude Bourrouillou, Alain Noirot, Franck Desemerie, Fréderic Heluwaert, Catherine Tamalet, Marc G. 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Costa, Chandrah Goburdhun, Bernard Gressier, Alban Michaud-herbst, Franck Charlier, Moussa Hecham, Luc Boulain, Hélène Corneloup, Alix Greder Belan, Nicolas Boussekey, Claire-Antoinette Dupuy, Yannick Rouquet, Benoit Renard, Benifla Jl, Etienne Javouhey, Michèle Granier, Marie-Christine Jaffarbandjee, Emilie Piet, Benoît Bergues, Claire Malbrunot, Catherine Tiry, Philippe Mérigot, Mouna Ben Soltana, Chantal Roure Sobas, Florian Radenac, Yves Thomas, Agathe Blaise, Sylvie De Martino, Laurence Legout, Gabriel Choukroun, Jean-François Muir, Peggy Dupretz, Patrick Dupont, François Guichart, Julie Jean, Jean-Michel Descamps, Bernard Kittschke, Anne Gruson, Gerard Viquesnel, Marie Keller, Pascal Chavanet, Françis Vallet, Yvan Vaschalde, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Gerard Lina, Françoise Loison, Simon Vincent, Jean-Paul Thellier, Moncef Afi, Dominique Zagozda, Hélène Sokeng-Affoule, Marc Le Bideau, Jean-François Loriferne, Alain Gravet, Sophie Deprecq, Tarik Naceur, Severine Mielczarek, René-Jean Bensadoun, Bernard Karkous, Yves Bléher, Jocelyne Poulain, Véronique Goulet, Laurence Nicolet, Sophie Arista, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira, Jean-François Schved, Laurent Nicolet, Claire Lecomte, Faiza Benddif-Fin, Michel Aumersier, Laurence Burc-Struxiano, Maxime Thouvenin, Samia Harbi, Mathieu Detave, Catherine Rebeyrotte, Jean-Paul Kisterman, Bruno Berdin, Pascal Vincent, Laurent Argaud, Elisabeth Parisi-Duchene, Geneviève Julienne, Fernanda Farto-Bensasson, Georges-Fabrice Blum, Sad Gaizi, Tali-Anne Szwebel, Raphaël Lepeule, Marie-Thérèse Climas, Anne-Françoise Dillies, Amar Boudhane, Umberto Simeoni, Pierre-François Dequin, Gérard Oliviero, Alain Gourlaouen, Caroline Piau, Marie-France Lutz-Murphy, Benoît Claude, Jean-Paul Aubry, Nadine Dubosc-Marchenay, Kamilla Chraibi, Emmanuelle Heusse, Sylvain Le Chevallier, Nathalie Brieu, Farid Sifaoui, Lorraine Letranchant, Hélène Durox, Jean-Pierre Lagasse, Adel Ghedira, Xavier Roubert, Fatma Magdoud, Hélène Jean-Pierre, Etienne Carbonelle, Olivier Dereeper, Lionel Carbillon, Christophe Billy, Mélanie Roblin, Marie-José Kodzin, Philippe Niel, Solène Makdessi, Matteo Vassallo, Maryse Archambaud, Fabian Haccourt, Didier Blaise, Stéphane Bourgeois, Elena Marcu, Charles Kubiak, Brisse Castel, François Guinet, Marie Pouzoullic, Frédérique Nathan-Bonnet, Vincent Gendrin, Céline Becherrawy, Aline Secher, Pierre Abgueguen, Clarence Eloy, Jean-Marc Tourani, Frédéric Klapczynski, Bernard Montmasson, Philippe Real, Joanna Pofelski, Yves Welker, Karim Krechiem, Eric Caumes, Martine Elena-Daumas, Christophe Saigne, Gilles Hittinger, Chantal Delesalle, Jonathan Messika, Fabrice Lesage, Daniela Pop, Daniel Coetmeur, Renato Colamarino, Chetaou Mahaza, Patrick Plésiat, Isabelle Fredenucci, Mylène Baret, Guy Mager, Pascale Chavel, Isabelle Labourdette, Anne-Claude Menguy, Nicolas Fortineau, Ludovic Le Sec, Valérie Gauduchon, Francis Barraud, Nicolas Letellier, Didier Vincent, Janine Frey, Philippe Riegel, Michel Pavic, Jean-Luc Fabre, Jean-Pierre Fauchart, Alain Goudeau, Stéphanie Husson-Wetzel, Philippe Eymerit, Mohamed Camara, Nathalie Seta, Elisabeth Carole Ngo Bell, Philippe Repellin, Laurent Alric, Vincent Leroy, Françoise Delisle Mizon, Jean-Philippe Emond, Marie-Françoise Borie, Lise Crémet, Wladimir Chelle, Elisabeth Brottier-Mancini, Bernard Garrigues, Claire Letellier, Loïc Geffray, Frédéric Méchaï, Julien Bador, Benoit Guery, Alain-Charles Fouilhoux, Corinne Dagada, Pierre Duhaut, Julien Goustille, Arnaud Sément, Francis Carcenac, Isabelle Girard-Buttaz, Claire Chapuzet, Fabienne Jouatte, Bruno Riou, Fabrice Hayoun, Chloé Di Meglio, Youssef Ali, Michel Leneveu, Nathalie Montagne, Yves Garcera, Audrey Moustache, Pierre-Eric Danin, Geneviève Le Lay, Dominique Courouge-Dorcier, Isabelle Worcel, Emmanuel Morelon, Vincent Pestre, Jean-Pierre Vilque, Jean-Christophe Paquet, Lucien Bodson, Anne-Marie Forest, Fabrice Pierre, Christian Pommier, Fabien Dutasta, Pierre Fournel, Stéphanie Courtois, Elodie Dubois, Serge Vanden Einjden, Patrick Honderlick, Pascal Richette, Fabienne Tamion, Véronique Chassy, Richard Megbemado, Anne-Marie Le Reste, Bernard Simian, Henri Osman, Anthony Texier, Badih Ayach, François Simon, Jean-Michel Filloux, Béatrice Dubourdieu, Jean-Claude Semet, Sarah Kubab, Tawfiq Henni, Patrick Dudeffant, Delphine Hequet, Olivier Mimoz, Marc Auburtin, Amélie Chabrol, Mickael Bonnan, Caroline Léonnet, Claire Wintenberger, Serge Ilunga, Patrice Lanba, Sophie Rosello, Alexandre Damage, Flore Bouche, Michel Thibault, Frederic Faibis, Chantal Dhennain, Jean-Philippe Talarmin, Armelle Lamour, Remi Boussier, Fabien Garnier, Marie-Laure Brival, Nourredine Hedjem, Philippe Vande-perre, Raphaël Coint, Jean-Claude Reveil, Eva Weinbronn, Emmanuelle Lavalard, Alexandra Fille, Françoise Le Turdu, Lionel Leroux, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Jean Berthet, Radia Bouaziz, Alain Ravaud, Sylvaine Rousseau, Yacine Merrouche, Alain Le Coustumier, Bertrand Guider, Gisèle Dewulf, Jean-Marc Faucheux, Jacques Piquet, Franck Leibinger, Charles Cerf, Robin Stephan, Jean-Philippe Redonnet, Jean-Paul Stahl, Ella Dzeing, Simona Pavel, Guy Vernet, Ghada Hatem, Samer Kayal, Jacques Deschamps, Dominique Descamps, Marion Levast, Marc Bouiller, Sylvie Dargere, Claire Dingremont, Stéphane Gaudry, François Maillot, Sylvie Odent, Nathalie Cervantes, Hélène Zanaldi, Laurence Gachassin, Olivier Ruyer, David Patin, Benoît Cazenave, Pascal Jacquier, Michelle Boyer, Béatrice Berteaux, Virginie Zarrouk, Jacques Bor, Isabelle Legoff, Hélène Albinet, Florence Rousseau, Gilles Pialoux, Guenaelle Salaun-Beretta, Alexandra Moura, Véronique Vernet Garnier, Didier Lepelletier, Pierre-Alexandre Hauss, Joëlle Belaisch-Amart, Didier Lepeletier, Jacob Xavier, Aline Nare, Annie Motard-Picheloup, Alain Améri, Bertrand Lioger, Jean-Valère Malfuson, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de Référence Listeria - National Reference Center Listeria (CNRL), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre collaborateur de l'OMS Listeria / WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria (CC-OMS / WHO-CC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département de Médecine interne [Lariboisière], Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique [Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Investigation Clinique et d’Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (Plate-forme) - Clinical Investigation and Access to BioResources (ICAReB), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Infectious Disease Department [Saint Maurice], Agence Nationale de la Santé Publique [Saint-Maurice] (ANSP), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, MONALISA study group, Programme Hospitalier Recherche Clinique, Institut Pasteur, Inserm, French Public Health Agency., ROZIER, marie-Claire, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de Référence Listeria - Biologie des Infections (CNRL), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre collaborateur de l'OMS Listeria - Biologie des Infections (CCOMS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Hôpital Lariboisière-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Institut Pasteur [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de Référence Listeria - Biologie des Infections ( CNRL ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre collaborateur de l'OMS (CCOMS) des Listeria ( CCOMS ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie ( UPMC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Hôpital Lariboisière, Biologie des Infections, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Investigation Clinique et d’Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (Plate-forme) - Clinical Investigation and Access to BioResources ( ICAReB ), Agence Nationale de la Santé Publique [Saint-Maurice] ( ANSP ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Bacteremia/epidemiology/mortality, 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, bacteraemia, Infectious Disease Transmission, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacteremia, France/epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Foodborne Diseases, Meningoencephalitis, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Vertical, Medicine, Listeriosis, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, ddc:618, diabetes, alcoholism, Hazard ratio, Foodborne Diseases/microbiology, immuno suppressive therapies, Prognosis, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, isolates, Population Surveillance, Female, France, Listeria monocytogenes/classification/isolation & purification, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Notifiable disease, Listeriosis/diagnosis/epidemiology/microbiology, Context (language use), macromolecular substances, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, study, Aged, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, Public health, cirrhosis, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Diseases/epidemiology/microbiology, HIV, Mandatory Reporting, Newborn, medicine.disease, Listeria monocytogenes, infection, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology/microbiology, Meningoencephalitis/epidemiology/microbiology/mortality, Observational study, business, prognostic, mellitus
Abstract: International audience; Evidence before this study We searched PubMed on June 30, 2016, for English-language cohort studies published since Jan 1, 1980, of patients with invasive listeriosis worldwide with the keywords " listeria " , " listeriosis " , " maternal " , and " neurolisteriosis ". Studies had to include epidemiological or clinical data on listeriosis. All clinical forms of infection were included (bacteraemia, neurolisteriosis, and maternal–neonatal infection). Host risk factors for listeriosis have been well identified, but the clinical features and prognostic factors of the disease are based on retrospective studies compiling heterogeneous data or random collected cases. Furthermore, no clinical trial has ever been done and medical management is not evidence based. Added value of the study Our study is the first prospective clinical study focusing on all forms of invasive listeriosis. The study is based on a national mandatory system that allowed the nearly complete capture of microbiologically proven cases. The study shows a higher burden of listeriosis than reported before: more than 80% of infected mothers experienced major fetal or neonatal complications (fetal loss, very high prematurity, early or late onset disease); only 39% of patients with neurolisteriosis survived and fully recovered. The study provides important new data to improve management and predict outcome in listeriosis, such as determination of the time window for fetal losses (
Published: 2016

18. Incidence and risk factors for liver enzymes elevations in highly treatment-experienced patients switching from enfuvirtide to raltegravir: a sub-study of the ANRS-138 EASIER trial

Author: Isabelle Charreau, Jean Pierre Aboulker, Joséphine Braun, Alain Lafeuillade, Clotilde Allavena, Jean‑Paul Viard, Nathalie De Castro, Jean-Michel Molina, Service des maladies infecieuses, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Essais Therapeutiques et Infection Par Le Vih, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'infectiologie-hématologie, Hôpital Front-Pré [Toulon], Service des maladies infectieuses, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), This study was supported by the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les hépatites virales (ANRS), ANRS 138 trial-EASIER., The EASIER ANRS 138 study group, and BMC, BMC
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Enfuvirtide, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], HIV Infections, Pharmacology, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Liver Function Tests, HIV Fusion Inhibitors, Risk Factors, Pharmacology (medical), Tipranavir, 030212 general & internal medicine, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Drug Substitution, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Alanine Transaminase, Middle Aged, HIV Envelope Protein gp41, Liver enzymes, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Medicine, Female, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Virology, Raltegravir Potassium, medicine, Humans, HIV Integrase Inhibitors, Transaminases, business.industry, Research, Raltegravir, Peptide Fragments, Regimen, Alanine transaminase, biology.protein, Ritonavir, Liver function tests, business
Abstract: Background In the ANRS EASIER trial where treatment-experienced patients switched from enfuvirtide (ENF) to raltegravir (RAL), a high incidence of transaminase elevation was reported in the RAL arm. Methods We compared the incidence of emergent liver enzyme elevations (LEE) of grade 2 or more among patients randomized to the maintenance ENF arm or the switch RAL arm up to W24. We also assessed the overall incidence of LEE over the 48-week duration of the trial and baseline risk factors for grade 2 or more alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results During the first 24 weeks, 6/84 (7.1 %) and 2/85 patients (2.4 %) presented with ALT elevation of grade 2 or more in the RAL and ENF arms, respectively (p = 0.21). Grade 2 or more γGT and ALP elevations were seen in 18 and 11 % (p = 0.35), and 5 and 1 % (p = 0.14) of patients in the RAL and ENF arms, respectively. The 48-week incidence of grade 2 or more LEE was 11.6 per 100-pts-years for ALT, 24.5 per 100-pts-years for γ-GT and 4.5 per 100-pts-years for ALP, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, tipranavir/ritonavir use (OR 3.66; 95 % CI [1.20–11.1], p = 0.022) and elevated ALT at baseline (OR 10.3; 95 % CI [2.67–39.6], p
Published: 2016

19. Potential Strategies for an HIV Infection Cure

Author: Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Chronic stage, Receptors, CCR5, Anti-HIV Agents, business.industry, Genetic enhancement, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Viremia, Genetic Therapy, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, Natural history, Infectious Diseases, DNA, Viral, Immunology, medicine, Life expectancy, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Intensive care medicine, business
Abstract: Despite long-term viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in reservoirs and sanctuary sites. Lifelong therapy is therefore necessary, leading to problems of compliance, toxicity, and cost. Over the last few years, important advances have been made in our understanding of the composition and the maintenance mechanisms of the HIV reservoir. Although complete viral eradication is currently out of reach, a growing number of scientists think that a "functional" cure is achievable. This situation would combine no disease progression, no virus transmission, and a life expectancy close to uninfected individuals in the absence of ART. At acute HIV infection, ART increases the frequency of sustained viremia control after its discontinuation, compared with the natural history of untreated disease. For patients at the chronic stage of HIV infection, ART alone is insufficient to clear viral reservoirs and new molecules intended to purge this reservoir or gene therapy approaches are warranted. This search for a cure needs innovation, audaciousness, and coordination. It also needs political, institutional, and private commitments for funding, which by now are severely lacking.
Published: 2011

20. Is postexposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral therapy necessary in cases of blood exposure through a fight when HIV-1 status is unknown?

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Antoine Cheret, Julie Allemand, Cécile Poggi, Catherine Tamalet, and Gilles Hittinger
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Diseases, Blood exposure, business.industry, Immunology, medicine, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Immunology and Allergy, Intensive care medicine, business, medicine.disease_cause, Antiretroviral therapy
Published: 2014

21. Long-term immunovirologic control following antiretroviral therapy interruption in patients treated at the time of primary HIV-1 infection

Author: Thierry Prazuck, Christine Rouzioux, Bernard Cardon, Alain Lafeuillade, Laurent Hocqueloux, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel, and Jean-Paul Viard
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, HIV Infections, Drug Administration Schedule, Virus, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Immunopathology, Internal medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Sida, Phylogeny, Retrospective Studies, Chemotherapy, biology, business.industry, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, Infectious Diseases, DNA, Viral, Lentivirus, HIV-1, Female, Viral disease, business
Abstract: Five out of 32 patients who received very early and prolonged antiretroviral therapy displayed an unusual, sustained immunovirological control after treatment discontinuation (mean duration: 77 months). These 'post-treatment controllers' did not have the genetic characteristics of spontaneous 'elite' controllers, although they shared very low and stable level of viral reservoir. Treatment may have dramatically decreased this reservoir and preserved potent HIV-specific immunologic responses, inducing a new balance between the virus and the host's immune system in these patients.
Published: 2010

22. Rectal Cell-Associated HIV-1 RNA: A New Marker Ready for the Clinic

Author: Cécile Poggi, Eric Jullian, Caroline Cuquemelle, Alain Lafeuillade, Antoine Cheret, David Bernardini, and Gilles Hittinger
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Lymphoid Tissue, Cell, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Pilot Projects, Viremia, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Hiv 1 rna, Limit of Detection, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), In patient, Disease Reservoirs, business.industry, Rectum, virus diseases, RNA, Middle Aged, Laboratories, Hospital, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, DNA, Viral, Immunology, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, business, Biomarkers
Abstract: Gut-associated lymphoid tissue is a huge reservoir for HIV-1. Developing new strategies to target "residual" HIV-1 in patients on effective therapy brings the need for an evaluation of tissue reservoirs in the clinic. We measured cell-associated HIV-1 RNA and DNA in blood and rectal biopsies from 23 patients, including 14 with undetectable viremia on HAART, by using an adaptation of commercially available tests. Rectal cell HIV-1 RNA was detected in all viremic patients, with median levels of 4.90 log(10) copies/million CD4. Although plasma viremia was found at a median of 3 copies/mL in "aviremic" patients, rectal cell HIV-1 RNA was detected in 28.5% with median levels of 5.17 log(10) copies/million CD4. Consequently, we propose to use this marker in future clinical trials targeting "residual" HIV-1 in patients with viremia below the detection limit.
Published: 2009

23. Population Pharmacokinetics of Atazanavir in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

Author: Nicolas Simon, Caroline Solas, Alain Lafeuillade, Bruno Lacarelle, Marie-Claude Gagnieu, Saadia Mokhtari, Isabelle Ravaux, and Marie-Pierre Drogoul
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, Pyridines, Atazanavir Sulfate, Population, HIV Infections, Context (language use), Pharmacology, Gastroenterology, Pharmacokinetics, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), education, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Volume of distribution, education.field_of_study, business.industry, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, Atazanavir, NONMEM, Female, business, Oligopeptides, medicine.drug
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the population pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of atazanavir in adult human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients to build up a Bayesian strategy for dosage regimen individualization. This was an observational study of patients treated with the once-daily regimen atazanavir associated with 100 mg of ritonavir. Blood samples were drawn at steady state at various times ranging from 1 to 26 hours postdose. Atazanavir plasma concentrations were determined by a validated reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method. PK analysis of the atazanavir population was performed using a nonlinear mixed-effects model (NONMEM version 6). One hundred eighty-seven patients were included in the study. The atazanavir doses prescribed were 300 mg (n = 169), 400 mg (n = 12), 200 mg (n = 1), and 150 mg (n = 5). The atazanavir population PK was described using a 1-compartment model with first-order absorption. Mean PK parameter estimations (95% confidence interval, coefficients of variation %) were as follows: oral clearance (CL) = 7.6 L/h (6.9-8.3; 34%), volume of distribution (V) = 80.8 L (67.4-94; 37%), and absorption constant rate (Ka) = 1.05 hours (0.01-2.09; 156%). The mean estimated half-life (T-half) was 7.5 hours (95% confidence interval: 7.2 -7.8 hours). The estimated T-half of atazanavir was in agreement with that previously reported of 8.6 and 8.8 hours. We observed a wide interpatient variability for the PK parameters, especially for Ka. This population approach allowed us to determine atazanavir PK parameters in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in a real-life context and to perform Bayesian analysis to predict Ctrough from samples collected at any moment during the dosing interval. This could therefore improve therapeutic drug monitoring interpretations and provide an interesting tool for correlation with virologic data.
Published: 2008

24. Statements from the 15th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID), Toulon, France, May 28–30, 2008

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Richard Haubrich, and Vincent Soriano
Subjects: Hepatitis B virus, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Integrase inhibitor, HIV Infections, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, medicine, Antiretroviral treatment, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), HIV vaccine, AIDS Vaccines, business.industry, HIV, virus diseases, Hepatitis C, Congresses as Topic, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Family medicine, Vicriviroc, France, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: In May 2008, 800 delegates from 64 countries met at the International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases in France to discuss a list of hot topics in HIV and hepatitis viruses. This article summarizes the statements obtained from these discussions around a list of 10 of these topics: (a) antiretroviral treatment for naïve patients; (b) use of integrase inhibitors; (c) antiretrovirals in development; (d) management of lipid abnormalities; (e) hepatotoxicity of antiretroviral therapy; (f) management of hepatitis B in HIV patients; (g) management of acute hepatitis C in HIV patients; (h) outcome of HIV-HCV co-infected patients; (i) preexposure prophylaxis in HIV infection; and (j) the long road to a preventive HIV vaccine. For each topic, we reported the main data presented by speakers and summarized the results of the subsequent discussions.
Published: 2008

25. A multifaceted intervention designed to improve medical management of moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease in HIV-infected patients: a cluster randomised trial

Author: P Brazille, Johan Chanal, N. de Castro, B. Lefebvre, Sophie Abgrall, N Petit, M Marcou, Pascal Pugliese, A Parrot, F Meier, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, A Signori-Schmuck, Hana Selinger-Leneman, Pierre Delobel, F Touam, A Cros, Claire Rouzaud, Philippe Bossi, J. P. Faller, Jean-Marc Mauboussin, Faiza Ajana, V Perronne, V Chambrin, Olivier Lortholary, Laurent Alric, V. Gendrin, C Sautron, K Benhadj, H Gil, C Lascoux, F Raffi, JE Kahn, Michel Vidal, J. J. Laurichesse, O Ruyer, F Brunel, Pascal Chavanet, J. Durant, J. M. Chapplain, T. Perpoint, D Blanc, S Casanova, Frédéric Méchaï, P Poubeau, M Benomar, David Zucman, P Fischer, H Fischer, V Ronat, D Coban, Elisabeth Rouveix, H. Berthé, E Roveix, Corinne Isnard-Bagnis, Aurélie Fillion, P Loulergue, Jennifer M. Rohan, Isabelle Ravaux, Catherine Michel, C Faudon, Jacques Gilquin, J. M. Livrozet, Christian Chidiac, G Wartel, Patricia Enel, G. Beck-Wirth, I Prade, O. Derradji, Jean-Paul Viard, Cécile Goujard, R Cohen Valensi, M Batard, Jean-Luc Meynard, G Camuset, Jacques Cadranel, Christian Pradier, S Gohier, Jean-François Bergmann, Francis Barin, D. Makhloufi, Philippe Gerhardt, A Canestri, Lionel Piroth, S Greffe, N Biezunski, C Bolliot, L Toko, G Mboungou, Jérôme Moreau, Valérie Potard, H Masson, Eric Rosenthal, Jacques Reynes, André Cabié, Gilles Pialoux, P Granet Brunello, F Durand, Véronique Obry-Roguet, Jade Ghosn, V Walter, P Gazalet, O Boulat, P M Girard, A Ménard, M. Môle, G Martin Blondel, M Hamidi, C Lupin, P Druart, Sophie Matheron, Catherine Chirouze, P. De Truchis, Laurent Cotte, P. Del Giudice, Caroline Dupont, Anne Frésard, C Jung, V Payssan, M Saidani, C. Chesnel, Véronique Joly, S Abgrall, B Wifaq, Bruno Hoen, I Fabre, E Pannier Metzger, M Beyrne, Christian Rabaud, C. Gaud, Pierre Durieux, S Makhloufi, Eric Billaud, Jean-Marc Lacombe, T Akpan, PY Dides, Dominique Mathez, V Delcey, P. Sellier, A Naqvi, Amanda Lopes, Laurent Hustache-Mathieu, C Bartoli, V Marcou, Murielle Mary-Krause, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, K Samar, Hervé Tissot-Dupont, M Ruquet, Laurence Weiss, Boue F, Philippe Morand, I Lamaury, L Meddeb, Nadia Valin, M Delestan, N. Jacquemet, N Méaux-Ruault, A Gergely, M. Blanc, M Sordage, L Sutton, Dominique Costagliola, V Thomas, PH Consigny, G Cessot, C Le Jeunne, A Freire Maresca, A Greder Belan, Jean-Pierre Morini, G Astier, D. Martin, Pierre-Marie Roger, E Bourzam, G Melica-Gregoire, Nicolas Vignier, B. Taverne, P. Leclercq, M. Sebire, A Adda, A Meybeck, MG Lebrette, André Boibieux, T. Allegre, Nicolas Dupin, M. Parrinello, S Roussin-Bretagne, Christine Jacomet, Laurence Gérard, Jean Deleuze, A S Ritleng, M Raho-Moussa, Marialuisa Partisani, Daniel Vittecoq, M André, Albert Sotto, Pierre Tattevin, S Marque Juillet, Antolini-Bouvenot, Sylvie Abel, M Guivarch, S Lang, P. Honoré, A Lavolé, C. Majerholc, Gilles Hittinger, Marguerite Guiguet, N Magy-Bertrand, Alain Lafeuillade, Elina Teicher, JM Riou, B Slama, Sophie Grabar, N. Viget, P Genet, Faouzi Souala, X. Duval, Lise Cuzin, B. Marchou, D Bonnabel, O. Faucher, S Stegmann, C Veyssier-Belot, I Perbost, K Bourdic, Cédric Arvieux, V Masse, L Pellissier, Giovanna Melica, S Lariven, S Chebrek, H Zerazhi, G Philip, Hugues Melliez, D Marigot-Outtandy, Mark Bloch, E Fourn, E. Billaud, J. Gerbe, C Dhiver, Benveniste O, Delphine Bonnet, D. Quinsat, V Daneluzzi, E Haustraete, P Guet, Dominique Salmon, Christophe Rioux, E Duvallon, E. Mortier, G Borgherini, P Goubin, D. Costagliola, Renaud Verdon, M J Soavi, A. Simon, F Zeng, Aba Mahamat, Mathieu Nacher, P Colardelle, F Granier, E Hope-Rapp, M. Poupard, V Vanticlke, M P Bouillon, C Clavel, Ml Lucas, P. Chiarello, Fabienne Caby, G Jacques, Juliette Pavie, MP Pietri, Blandine Denis, P. Miailhes, Sylvie Bregigeon, B Mouchet, Marie-Aude Khuong-Josses, P Thibaut, Antoine Rachas, H Laurichesse, Sylvie Dargere, C Godin Collet, Odile Launay, Jacques Gasnault, Clotilde Allavena, C. Dumont, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, M. Ratajczak, A. Maignan, A Brunon-Gagneux, Olivier Epaulard, A Therby, Tristan Ferry, E Reimann, Laurent Boyer, Régine Doncesco, Eric Cua, K Risso, Claudine Duvivier, Leila Adriouch, W. Rozenbaum, Christian Perronne, R Sambuc, I Kansau, J. F. Faucher, Florence Huber, J. M. Ruiz, Ma Khuong, Sandrine Pierre-François, Laurence Lievre, G Breton, J.-M. Molina, C. Tomei, M Guiguet, A Proust, L Fonquernie, D. Bornarel, David Rey, Isabelle Rouanet, C Guglielminotti, Jérôme Tourret, V. Reliquet, A Palacin, C Cheneau, Eric Oksenhendler, P Féret, B Montoya, V Lambry, N Hall, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Delphine Croisier, C Ricaud, M Ptak, Pierre Couppié, S Mokhtari, Y Welker, R Rodet, T May, Epidémiologie, stratégies thérapeutiques et virologie cliniques dans l'infection à VIH, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes (EEM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Fonction, structure et inactivation d'ARN bactériens, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Epidémiologie, Systèmes d'Information, Modélisation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ANRS, 2009, the French Ministry of Health, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes ( EEM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale, Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou, Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC (UMR_S 872) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]
Subjects: Male, Microbiology (medical), Nephrology, medicine.medical_specialty, HIV Infections, urologic and male genital diseases, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Cluster randomised controlled trial, Aged, business.industry, Guideline, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, HIV infection, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, clinical practice, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Blood pressure, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Physical therapy, cluster randomized trial, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Female, business, chronic kidney disease, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Kidney disease
Abstract: International audience; Background - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequent in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Progression to end-stage renal disease can be slowed by appropriate medical management. Methods - To assess whether active promotion of guidelines improves CKD management, we conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial within the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH-ANRS CO4). We randomized 46 centers participating in the FHDH to either simple information on guideline availability or active promotion with a multifaceted and repeated intervention comprising reminders and audit feedback and targeting of local opinion leaders carried out between April 2009 and April 2010. Outcome measure was CKD management adequacy assessed before and 2 years after the beginning of the intervention in HIV-infected patients with moderate to severe CKD. CKD management was considered adequate in case of referral to a nephrologist or if proteinuria, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and glycemia had been measured during the previous year and medications had been prescribed when necessary. Results - Three hundred six patients were enrolled, of whom 238 (78%) completed the 2 years of follow-up. During the study period, the percentage of patients receiving adequate CKD management improved from 64.1% to 70.4% (+6.3%) in the active arm and from 68.3% to 75.6% (+7.3%) in the control arm (adjusted mean difference, -0.7 percentage points [95% confidence interval: -9.2 to 7.9]; P = .95). The biggest impact of active promotion was on the management of proteinuria and blood pressure. Conclusions - Adequate compliance with CKD management guidelines improved slightly between 2009 and 2011, with no difference between the simple information and active promotion arms. Clinical trials registration - CCTIRS 10.150 and CNIL DR-2010-379.
Published: 2015

26. Metabolic Evaluation of HIV-Infected Patients Receiving a Regimen Containing Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra™)

Author: Véronique Lambry, Cécile Poggi, Gilles Hittinger, Alain Lafeuillade, Patricia Jolly, and Gisèle Philip
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Lopinavir/ritonavir, HIV Infections, Hyperlipidemias, Pyrimidinones, Gastroenterology, Lopinavir, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, immune system diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Pharmacology (medical), Adverse effect, Triglycerides, Retrospective Studies, Ritonavir, Cholesterol, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, virus diseases, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Endocrinology, chemistry, Cohort, Female, France, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose: We have analyzed retrospectively the evolution of metabolic parameters in a cohort of 159 HIV-infected patients taking a lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimen during a mean period of 15 months. Method: This study was completed by an additional evaluation after strict 12 hours fasting of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides (TG), glucose, and insulin levels in a subset of 100 patients from the cohort. Results: TC and TG levels increased early after introduction of lopinavir/ritonavir, but remained subsequently stable. After a median of 15 months, TC was greater than normal laboratory range in 46% of cases and TG levels were greater than normal laboratory range in 52% of cases. However, in nearly 90% of these cases, elevations were less than or equal to grade 2. These increases were dependant on CDC stage and lipid levels at lopinavir/ritonavir initiation. No impact on glucose metabolism was found. Conclusion: These results are particularly reassuring for the use of lopinavi...
Published: 2004

27. Highlights from the 13th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID)

Author: Alain Rieu, Gilles Hittinger, Alain Lafeuillade, Catherine Tamalet, and Caroline Solas
Subjects: Clinical trial, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Diseases, business.industry, education, medicine, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus diseases, Pharmacology (medical), Intensive care medicine, business, medicine.disease_cause, health care economics and organizations
Abstract: (2004). Highlights from the 13th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID) HIV Clinical Trials: Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 305-322.
Published: 2004

28. Therapeutic drug monitoring of lopinavir/ritonavir given alone or with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Author: Caroline Solas, Thierry Allegre, Alain Lafeuillade, Jacques Moreau, Isabelle Ravaux, Catherine Dhiver, Marie-Pierre Drogoul, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Malika Mokhtari, Alain Durand, Gérard Lepeu, Bruno Lacarelle, and Nathalie Petit
Subjects: Pharmacology, Nevirapine, Efavirenz, medicine.diagnostic_test, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, business.industry, Cmax, virus diseases, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Lopinavir, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, immune system diseases, Therapeutic drug monitoring, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Ritonavir, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Aims To evaluate the interindividual variability in the plasma concentrations of lopinavir in the context of routine monitoring with or without treatment with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and to assess the interaction between the coformulation of lopinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz or nevirapine. Methods Plasma trough and peak concentrations (Ctrough, Cmax) of lopinavir from 182 HIV-1-infected patients were analysed by high-performace liquid chromatography. Three lopinavir/ritonavir regimens were assessed, namely (A) 400 mg lopinavir/100 mg ritonavir twice daily given alone (n = 125), (B) 400/100 mg twice daily together with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (n = 25), and (C) 533/133 mg twice daily together with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (n = 32). Results Median (ng ml−1) Ctrough and Cmax lopinavir (interquartile range, CV) were: (A) 4852 (3198–6891, 56%) and 8501 (6333–11 584, 41%), (B) 2979 (1704–5186, 74%) and 5612 (3362–11 704, 76%) and (C) 5082 (2696–7226, 74%) and 9757 (4883–12 963, 60%). Median Ctrough of lopinavir was lower in patients taking both efavirenz [P = 0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) for difference between medians 343, 2713] and nevirapine (P = 0.019, 95% CI for difference between medians 354, 3681) compared with those taking lopinavir/ritonavir alone. A higher interindividual variability was observed when lopinavir/ritonavir was given with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. The risk of achieving a ‘suboptimal’Ctrough of lopinavir (below a threshold of 3000 ng ml−1) was statistically higher in patients treated with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (P
Published: 2004

29. Predictors of Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Control after Discontinuation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Initiated at Acute Infection Combined with Structured Treatment Interruptions and Immune‐Based Therapies

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Cécile Poggi, E. Counillon, Gilles Hittinger, and D. Emilie
Subjects: Adult, Male, HIV Infections, Pilot Projects, Viremia, Virus Replication, Drug Administration Schedule, Virus, Proviruses, Aldesleukin, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, medicine, Humans, Hydroxyurea, Immunology and Allergy, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors, Proportional Hazards Models, biology, business.industry, Drug holiday, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Discontinuation, Infectious Diseases, DNA, Viral, Multivariate Analysis, Lentivirus, Immunology, HIV-1, Interleukin-2, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Female, Viral disease, business, Lymphoproliferative response
Abstract: Thirty patients with acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection received a combination of 3 antiretroviral drugs (n = 15) or 4 antiretroviral drugs plus hydroxyurea and interleukin-2 (n = 15) for 24 months, followed by 1-3 structured therapeutic interruptions (STIs). Viral control, defined as maintaining plasma viremia
Published: 2003

30. TRIZAL study: switching from successful HAART to TrizivirTM (abacavir-lamivudine-zidovudine combination tablet): 48 weeks efficacy, safety and adherence results

Author: Brian Gazzard, Adriano Lazzarin, Alain Lafeuillade, Christine Katlama, Lauriane Beauvais, Stefan Fenske, Josep Mallolas, J.-P. Mamet, and Nathan Clumeck
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, HIV Infections, Pharmacology, Antiviral Agents, Statistics, Nonparametric, law.invention, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Drug Hypersensitivity, Randomized controlled trial, law, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Protease Inhibitors, Pharmacology (medical), Adverse effect, Triglycerides, Aged, Chi-Square Distribution, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, business.industry, Abacavir/Lamivudine/Zidovudine, Health Policy, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Dideoxynucleosides, Discontinuation, Drug Combinations, Regimen, Cholesterol, Infectious Diseases, Lamivudine, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, Female, business, Zidovudine, Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective To assess the antiviral efficacy, safety, and adherence in subjects who switched to Trizivir™ following long-term HIV-1 RNA suppression. Study design A randomized, open-label, multicentre, 48-week comparative study in subjects who have received two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus a protease inhibitor or an nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or three nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for at least 6 months, with a history of undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA since initiation of therapy and plasma viral load of
Published: 2003

31. Comparison of Metabolic Abnormalities and Clinical Lipodystrophy 48 Weeks After Switching from HAART to Trizivir™ Versus Continued HAART: The Trizal Study

Author: Jean-Michel Livrozet, Josep Mallolas, Alain Lafeuillade, Maria do Sameira Ferreira, Margaret A. Johnson, Arnaud Cheret, Nathan Clumeck, Zeina Antoun, and Hans Jaeger
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Anti-HIV Agents, Blood lipids, HIV Infections, law.invention, Zidovudine, Metabolic Diseases, Randomized controlled trial, law, Abacavir, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), business.industry, HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome, Lamivudine, medicine.disease, Lipids, Dideoxynucleosides, Surgery, Clinical trial, Drug Combinations, Infectious Diseases, HIV-1, Female, Lipodystrophy, business, Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose: To analyze the evolution of clinical lipodystrophy (LD) and metabolic abnormalities in patients continuing to receive HAART versus patients switched to Trizivir™ (zidovudine, lamivudine, abacavir) after 48 weeks. Method: Patients treated with HAART >6 months with plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL)
Published: 2003

32. Discrepancies between Protease Inhibitor Concentrations and Viral Load in Reservoirs and Sanctuary Sites in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

Author: Philippe Halfon, Alain Lafeuillade, Gilles Hittinger, Bruno Lacarelle, Stéphane Chadapaud, and Caroline Solas
Subjects: Adult, Male, Genotype, HIV Infections, Virus, immune system diseases, Indinavir, medicine, Humans, HIV Protease Inhibitor, Tissue Distribution, Pharmacology (medical), Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Pharmacology, biology, virus diseases, Lopinavir, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Reverse transcriptase, Infectious Diseases, Nelfinavir, Lentivirus, Immunology, HIV-1, Female, Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract: The variable penetration of antiretroviral drugs into sanctuary sites may contribute to the differential evolution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the emergence of drug resistance. We evaluated the penetration of indinavir, nelfinavir, and lopinavir-ritonavir (lopinavir/r) in the central nervous system, genital tract, and lymphoid tissue and assessed the correlation with residual viral replication. Plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), semen, and lymph node biopsy samples were collected from 41 HIV-infected patients on stable highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens to determine drug concentrations and HIV RNA levels. When HIV RNA was detectable, sequencing of the reverse transcriptase and protease genes was performed. Ratios of the concentration in semen/concentration in plasma were 1.9 for indinavir, 0.08 for nelfinavir, and 0.07 for lopinavir. Only indinavir was detectable in CSF, with a concentration in CSF/concentration in plasma ratio of 0.17. Differential penetration into lymphoid tissue was observed, with concentration in lymph node tissue/concentration in plasma ratios of 2.07, 0.58, and 0.21 for indinavir, nelfinavir, and lopinavir, respectively. HIV RNA levels were
Published: 2003

33. Triple Nucleoside Combination Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Abacavir versus Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nelfinavir as First-Line Therapy in HIV-1-Infected Adults: A Randomized Trial

Author: Christian Aquilina, Jean-Philippe Mamet, Agnès Goetschel, Françoise Brun-Vézinet, Sophie Matheron, François Boué, Didier Troisvallets, Cécile Thiaux, Diane Descamps, Alain Lafeuillade, and Jean-Michel Livrozet
Subjects: Adult, Male, Time Factors, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Infections, law.invention, Zidovudine, Randomized controlled trial, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Abacavir, law, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Aged, Pharmacology, Nelfinavir, business.industry, Lamivudine, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Virology, Dideoxynucleosides, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Regimen, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Female, business, Nucleoside, medicine.drug
Abstract: ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of a triple nucleoside combination to a protease inhibitor-containing triple regimen as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1-infected patients.DesignOpen-label study in HIV-1-infected ART-naive adults, randomized to receive either Combivir® (lamivudine 150 mg/zidovudine 300 mg twice daily) + abacavir (300 mg twice daily), or Combivir® + nelfinavir (750 mg every 8 h) for 48 weeks. Plasma HIV-1 RNA, CD4 cell count and adverse events were assessed at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48.Results195 subjects (131 men, 64 women), median age 34 years, were randomized: 98 received combivir/abacavir and 97 combivir/nelfinavir. Baseline median plasma HIV-1 RNA was 4.2 log10copies/ml [Interquartile range (IQR): 3.7-4.5.2] and 4.1 log10copies/ml (IQR: 3.8–4.6), respectively. Baseline median CD4 cell count was 387 cells/mm3(IQR: 194–501) and 449 cells/mm3(IQR: 334–605), respectively. Nine patients (3 vs 6, respectively) did not start treatment or did not have any available efficacy data. At week 48, using the intent to treat analysis (switch/missing equals failure), plasma HIV-1 RNA was 3, respectively. Possible hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir were reported in four subjects (4%).ConclusionThe triple nucleoside combination combivir/abacavir is well tolerated as a first-line ART regimen in HIV-1-infected adults, with comparable antiviral activity to a nelfinavir-containing regimen at week 48.
Published: 2002

34. Increased risk of serious bacterial infections due to maternal immunosuppression in HIV-exposed uninfected infants in a European country

Author: Marie Medus, Vincent Gajdos, Laure Clech, Céline Goissen, Arnaud Chalvon Demersay, Virginie Zarouk, Louis Bernard, Pierre-François Ceccaldi, René-Charles Rudigoz, Patricia Murger, Philippe Le Moine, Catherine Chirouze, Mandovi Rajguru, Ludovic Cravello, Véronique Lefevre Elbert, Luminata Shneider, Guy Leverger, Tessa Goetghebuer, Kamila Kebaili, Eliane Galiba, Claudine Touboul, Françoise Meier, Didier Tardif, Dieudoné Ekoukou, Michèle Granier, Ahmed Zakaria, Corinne Cudeville, Laurence Benoist, Emilie Piet, Emmanuelle Vintejoux, Yves Hatchuel, Christophe Michau, Jean-Luc Schmidt, Michel Françoise, Claire Briandet, Stéphane Blanche, Philippe Bailly-Salin, Anne Vanderbergh, Jeanne Sibiude, Christiane Kommé, Benoît Martha, Camille Runel-Belliard, Claire Pluchart, Imad Nahri, Vincent Jeantils, François Hervé, Isabelle Hau, Agnès Lefort, Dominique Ayral, Delphine Peretti, Stéphanie Proust, Marie Belloy, Christine Rouzioux, Arnaud Boutet, Philippe Van de Perre, Elisabeth Broustal, Cécile Hafner Mauvais, Thierry Pistone, Marie-Dominique Tabone, Hélène Dauphin, Laurent Cotte, Clement Taron-Brocard, Jean-Marie Lang, Christine Boissinot, Antoine Doumet, André Bongain, Narcisse Elenga, Geneviève Mouchnino, Anne Boutemy, Christine Cheneau, Pascale Perfezou, Pierre Frange, Mathilde Niault, Christelle Dupre, Anne Chacé, Jean-Paul Teglas, Corinne Daniel, Sophie Matheron, Severine Ansart, Martine Levine, Fabienne Caby, Marc Duval-Arnould, Isabelle Metheron, Kareen Billiemaz, Albert Faye, Didier Armangaud, Yamina Hammou, Neila Elaoun, Anne Deville, Philippe Arsac, Lydie Sanchez, Odile Luycx Vaillant, Philippe Lumbroso, Marie-Gisèle Lebrette, Norbert Winer, Elise Maurel, Ramona Abrudan, Luc De Saint Martin, Françoise Jacquier, Christian Calvez, Fabrice Monpoux, Louis Mesnard, Marie-Aude Khuong-Josses, David Rey, Isabelle Belzic, Christine Allisy, Claire Genet, Hervé Seaume, Roland Tubiana, Jacques Reynes, Pascale Nau, Gilles Blondin, Eric Lachassine, Yves Poinsignon, Cédric Arvieux, Leila Karaoui, Anaïs Perilhou, Amélie Benbara, Marine Joras, Sophie Leautez-Nainville, Sophie Ducroix-Roubert, Raghad Moalim, Pascal Bolot, Jacques Gaillat, Olivier Bollengier Stragier, Alain Devidas, Muriel Lalande, Delphine Lemercier, Jean-Pierre Brossier, Emmanuelle Boutard, Isolde Pauly-Ravelly, Marie-Françoise Le Coz, Anne Grelier, Alain Alissa, Christiane De Gennes, Jean-Luc Delassus, Emmanuel Mortier, Faiza Ajana, Ghislaine Firtion, Alain Berrebi, Rose Nguyen, Sarah Ducrocq, Jean-Marc Chamouilli, Fabienne Mazy, Maïa Banigé, Khaled Mohamed, Natacha Entz-Werle, Jacques Brouard, Germaine Bachelard, Sandrine Delmas, Anne Constanty, Véronique Reliquet, Sophie Couderc, Florence Veber, Lahcene Allal, Catherine Crenn-Hebert, Blandine Muanza, Gaelle Pinto-Cardoso, Laurent Mandelbrot, Ama Johnson, Fabienne Messaoudi, Christian Burle, Josiane Warszawski, Bénédicte Carpentier, Dominique Brault, Suzanne Braig, Pascale Fialaire, Corinne Fourcade, Elisabeth Questiaux, Véronique Chambrin, Alain Lafeuillade, Véronique Hentgen, Yves Aubrard, Anne Borgne, Sandrine-Anne Martha, Evelyne Werner, Corinne Floch-Tudal, Agnès Bourgeois Moine, Corinne Routier, Jérôme Le Chenadec, Anne Coursol, Alain Fisher, Amélie Chabrol, Cécile Winter, Cécile Brunet-Cartier, Philippe Labrune, Claudine Cayla, Françoise Mazingue, Virginie Vitrat, Cyril Clavel, Michel Segondy, Ruxandra-Oana Calin, Lise Selleret, Pierre Weinbreck, Zaitoun Abdallah Moussa, Joël Gaudelus, Gaetane Mousset, Thomas Guimard, Agnès Villemant Uludag, Emmanuelle Pannier, Brigitte Clavier, Nicole Ciraru-Vigneron, Alain Checoury, Christophe Elleau, Manuela Bonmarchand, Catherine Dollfus, Joëlle Dendale-Nguyen, Adrien May, Pierre Chevojon, Claire Hubert, Constance Borie, Marialuisa Partisani, Elie Azria, Edouard Vaucel, Erianna Bellaton Marouts, Philippe Moreau, Jean-Luc Esnault, Mahfoud Rouha, Mary-France Courcoux, Brigitte Heller-Roussin, Gilles Hittinger, Christine Rouger, Lanto Ratsimbazafy, Jean-Marc Labaune, Mohamed Abdelhadi, Brigitte Elharrar, Joëlle Tricoire, Eric David, Hassan Safwan, Karine Guimard, Bruno Carbonne, Muriel Barat, Marion Dehlinger-Paul, Stéphane Bounan, Myriam Costa, Estelle Bauville, Didier Pinquier, Valérie Garrait, Etienne Dienga, Odile Launay, Zoha Maakroun, and Dominique Salmon Ceron
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, medicine.disease_cause, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Risk of infection, Hazard ratio, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Immunosuppression, Bacterial Infections, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Cohort, Female, France, business, Immunosuppressive Agents
Abstract: BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality are higher among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants than unexposed infants, particularly if the mother had a low CD4 count. We investigated the possible association between maternal immune depression during pregnancy and the risk of infection in HEU infants in the national French Perinatal Cohort (EPF). METHODS All neonates, born alive, to HIV-1-infected women enrolled in the EPF between 2002 and 2010 were included. The primary outcome was the first serious (hospitalization or death) infection during the first year of life. The main exposure variable was maternal CD4 cell count near delivery. The Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox models were applied, with the different types of infections managed as competing events. RESULTS Among 7638 HEU neonates, 699 had at least 1 serious infection (of which 159 were bacterial) with a Kaplan-Meier probability of 9.3% (95% confidence interval, 8.7-10.0) at 1 year. The risk of serious bacterial infection during the first year of life significantly increased with lower maternal CD4 cell count, before and after adjustment for maternal CD4 cell count
Published: 2014

35. Factors affecting adherence and convenience in antiretroviral therapy

Author: Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: Cyclopropanes, medicine.medical_specialty, Nevirapine, Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Infections, Dermatology, Drug compliance, Treatment Refusal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Oxazines, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Patient compliance, Problem Solving, Measurement method, 030505 public health, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Benzoxazines, Infectious Diseases, Alkynes, Immunology, Patient Compliance, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, 0305 other medical science, business, medicine.drug
Published: 2001

36. Persistence of HIV-1 resistance in lymph node mononuclear cell RNA despite effective HAART

Author: Stéphane Chadapaud, Philippe Halfon, Hacène Khiri, Alain Lafeuillade, and Gilles Hittinger
Subjects: Adult, Male, Genotype, Immunology, HIV Infections, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Virus, HIV Protease, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Gene, Lymph node, biology, RNA, Middle Aged, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, Virology, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, Reverse transcriptase, Cross-Sectional Studies, Phenotype, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lentivirus, HIV-1, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, RNA, Viral, Female, Lymph Nodes, Lymph
Abstract: Objective To analyse the presence of genotypic and phenotypic resistance in lymph node mononuclear cells from patients with sustained undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Design Cross-sectional study on 27 HIV-infected patients receiving triple therapy for a mean period of 232.8 ± 22.1 weeks. Methods HIV-1 RNA was measured in plasma and lymph node cells using PCR. Reverse transcriptase and protease genes were sequenced from HIV-1 RNA obtained from lymph node cells and from peripheral blood mononuclear cell proviral DNA using a commercially available kit (TruGene). Phenotypic resistance was assessed by using a recombinant virus assay (AntiVirogram). Results Mutations were not found in lymph node mononuclear cell RNA in six out of nine patients on first-line regimens although they were detected in 15 out of 18 who received prior suboptimal combinations. Phenotypic resistance was confirmed in most of these cases. These patterns of resistance were closely related to patients’ history of antiretroviral therapy and genotypic analysis of plasma HIV-1 RNA taken just before initiation of the current regimen. In half the patients analysed, resistance mutations found in lymph nodes were not always detected in archival proviral DNA from blood cells. Mean levels of HIV-1 RNA in lymph node cells were not different in patients exhibiting resistance compared with those harbouring wild-type viruses. Conclusion These data demonstrate that resistant HIV-1 is produced in lymphoid tissues for prolonged periods despite effective therapy. The mechanism could represent a release from previously infected cells rather than new cycles of cellular infection.
Published: 2001

37. Phenotypic and genotypic resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-1 clinical isolates

Author: G Hittinger, Alain Lafeuillade, C Poggi, and S Chadapaud
Subjects: business.industry, Health Policy, Stavudine, RNA, Pharmacology, Virology, law.invention, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Zidovudine, Infectious Diseases, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, law, Genotype, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), business, Viral load, Polymerase chain reaction, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective To assess phenotypic and genotypic cross-resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in patients treated with a combination including zidovudine, who were switched to a combination including stavudine. Methods We analysed 24 clinical HIV-1 isolates from 12 patients before and several months after therapeutic switching. Plasma HIV-1 RNA was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Roche). Genotypic resistance was measured by sequencing the reverse transcriptase gene from plasma HIV-1 RNA. Phenotypic resistance was measured using a recombinant assay (Virco). Results Patients were treated with a combination including zidovudine for a mean (± SEM) period of 21.8 ± 3.5 months and had a plasma viral load of 4.1 ± 0.2 log HIV-1 RNA copies/mL (time 1). After a mean period of 19.3 ± 1.6 months following the therapeutic change, the plasma viral load was 3.6 ± 0.1 log copies/mL (time 2). At time 1, genotypic resistance to zidovudine was found in all cases (41L: four cases; 41L, 215Y: five cases; 41L, 210W, 215Y: two cases; K70R: one case) with a mean 6.6 ± 1.6-fold increase in the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) to zidovudine and 1.7 ± 0.4-fold to stavudine. At time 2, genotypic resistance to zidovudine was found in 11 out of 12 cases (41L: two cases; 41L, 215Y: six cases; 41L, 210W, 215Y: two cases; M41L, D67N, L210W, T215Y: one case) with a mean 18.9 ± 8.8-fold increase in the IC50 to zidovudine and 1.4 ± 0.4-fold to stavudine Conclusions In this clinical series of patients with suboptimal control of plasma HIV-1 RNA using a combination including zidovudine, the presence of zidovudine-related mutations was associated with a decreased phenotypic sensitivity to this drug. Despite persistent HIV-1 replication, switching to stavudine was associated with a further decrease in phenotypic sensitivity to zidovudine but not to stavudine after 19 months. These data suggest that stavudine remains a possible option in zidovudine-experienced patients.
Published: 2001

38. Impact of immune interventions on proviral HIV-1 DNA decay in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, C Poggi, G Hittinger, H Khiri, P Halfon, and S Chadapaud
Subjects: Oncology, Interleukin 2, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Health Policy, virus diseases, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Antiretroviral therapy, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Immune system, Internal medicine, Immunology, medicine, Potency, Pharmacology (medical), In patient, business, Prospective cohort study, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective To measure the evolution of proviral HIV-1 DNA levels in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared to those treated with HAART plus interleukin-2 (IL-2) and hydroxyurea. Design Prospective randomised trial. Methods Twenty-two HIV-1 infected patients were randomly assigned to a five-drug antiretroviral regimen for 72 weeks, with or without IL-2, followed by a three-drug regimen up to week 120 with additional hydroxyurea in patients having received IL-2. HIV-1 DNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were measured regularly using the Amplicor Monitor kit from Roche Diagnostics (Meylan, France). Potentially infectious HIV-1 was cultured in enhanced conditions from circulating CD4 T cells at week 120. Results During the study period of 120 weeks, HIV-1 DNA levels in PBMC decreased by −1.1 log in patients treated with HAART only compared with −1.8 log in patients with additional IL-2 and hydroxyurea. A two-phase decay rate was observed, with an inflexion point at 12 weeks. The second decay was slow, with mean half-lives of 130.1 ± 21.3 weeks and 95.1 ± 26.3 weeks for patients on HAART and those receiving additional IL-2 and hydroxyurea, respectively. At week 120, one out of 11 patients with HAART alone compared to six out of 11 in the group with IL-2 and hydroxyurea had undetectable proviral DNA levels and three of them had unsuccessful recovery of replication-competent HIV-1 from blood CD4 T cells. Conclusion Therapeutic strategies combining HAART and immune interventions have higher potency to decrease the number of infected cells than HAART alone.
Published: 2001

39. Peripheral neuropathy during stavudine-didanosine antiretroviral therapy

Author: JM Chennebault, V Reliquet, JM Mussini, François Raffi, and Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, business.industry, Health Policy, Incidence (epidemiology), Stavudine, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Surgery, Zidovudine, Zalcitabine, Infectious Diseases, Peripheral neuropathy, Pharmacotherapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), business, Didanosine, medicine.drug
Abstract: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is among the most frequent side effects described with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). We investigated the incidence, evolution and predictive factors of PN during stavudine (d4T)-didanosine (ddI) combination therapy in 65 HIV infected patients, previously treated with zidovudine and/or zalcitabine (ddC) for at least 3 months. A subset of 16 patients was referred for systematic electromyographic examination at weeks 0 and 24: six among the 16 exhibited nerve conduction abnormalities at day 0, probably related to previous ddC treatment in four of those and to HIV infection in the other two, with worsening of abnormalities in one patient at week 24. In total, seven of the 59 assessable patients (11.8%) exhibited grade 2-3 neuropathy, with a median time of occurrence of 17 weeks. Distal, symmetrical paraesthesias of the extremities were the first symptoms in all the patients; none had motor symptoms. In all the patients, PN resolved rapidly after stopping d4T. There were no statistically different parameters between the seven cases and the other 52 patients according to CD4 T cells, HIV RNA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stage C or d4T daily dose. In our study, the d4T-ddI combination did not seem to increase the incidence of PN; risk factors for PN could not be identified, probably in part because of the low number of patients with PN.
Published: 2001

40. Pilot Study of a Combination of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Cytokines to Induce HIV-1 Remission

Author: Stéphane Chadapaud, Emmanuel Delbeke, Martine Chouraqui, Cécile Poggi, Alain Lafeuillade, Magali Pisapia, and Gilles Hittinger
Subjects: Adult, Male, Interleukin 2, Time Factors, Genotype, Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Infections, Pilot Projects, Biology, Cohort Studies, Zidovudine, Proviruses, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Viremia, Annexin A5, Didanosine, Inflammation, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, Lamivudine, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Virology, Coculture Techniques, Infectious Diseases, DNA, Viral, Immunology, HIV-1, Cytokines, RNA, Viral, Female, Ritonavir, Lymph Nodes, Viral load, Saquinavir, Cell Division, medicine.drug
Abstract: A pilot study of a combination of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and cytokines in early HIV-1 infection has been undertaken to test the hypothesis that HIV-1 remission can be reached with this strategy by flushing latently infected viral reservoirs. Ten previously antiretroviral naive patients have received a combination of zidovudine, lamivudine, didanosine, saquinavir, and ritonavir for 72 weeks. Between weeks 12 and 48, three courses of interleukin (IL)-2 (7.5 millions of international units [MUI] twice a day for 5 consecutive days) and 2 courses of gamma-interferon (IFN) (100 microg every other day during 2 weeks) were administered subcutaneously. All patients reached plasma HIV-1 RNA levels < 20 copies/ml within 12 +/- 4 weeks. Transient increases in plasma levels (< 120 copies/ml) were observed during administration of IL-2, but less frequently during gamma-IFN administration. HIV-1 RNA decreased in lymph node cells by approximately 4 log, then remained stable after week 24. A mean drop of -0.8 log in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proviral DNA was observed during the trial. Isolation of potentially infectious HIV-1 was successful in each case by coculture of CD4+ T cells taken at week 72. The 2 patients who stopped therapy at the end of the trial showed rebounding plasma HIV-1 RNA levels within a few weeks. No additional mutations were selected in comparison with those present at baseline in 8 patients. In addition, 2 patients developed new mutations in the reverse transcriptase or protease gene and in 1 case, resistance selection was found in lymphoid tissue HIV-1 RNA but not in latently infected cells. In all cases, a rapid increase in both naive and memory CD4+ T cells was observed, with a reduction in activation markers and preservation of the CD8+CD28+ subset. Consequently, an aggressive regimen of HAART and cytokines administered in early stage disease is associated with a positive effect in terms of proviral load reduction and immune reconstitution but is unable to induce HIV-1 remission, allowing low levels of viral replication to persist in lymphoid reservoirs.
Published: 2001

41. HIV-1 Meningoencephalitis in Patients on Effective HAART

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Cécile Poggi, Gilles Hittinger, and Antoine Cheret
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Meningoencephalitis, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), In patient, Viremia, business.industry, Brain, virus diseases, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Middle Aged, Viral Load, medicine.disease, Hepatitis C, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, HIV-1, Patient Compliance, Female, business
Abstract: (2009). HIV-1 Meningoencephalitis in Patients on Effective HAART. HIV Clinical Trials: Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 200-202.
Published: 2009

42. Long-term evaluation of triple nucleoside therapy administered from primary HIV-1 infection

Author: Gilles Hittinger, Cécile Poggi, Lionel Chollet, Alain Lafeuillade, Abdelaziz Djediouane, and Nérina Profizi
Subjects: Adult, Male, Blotting, Western, Immunology, HIV Infections, Pilot Projects, Virus Replication, Virus, Zidovudine, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Prospective Studies, Didanosine, biology, business.industry, Lamivudine, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, Resistance mutation, Virology, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, Acute Retroviral Syndrome, Infectious Diseases, DNA, Viral, Lentivirus, HIV-1, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Cytokines, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Lymph Nodes, business, Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective: To study the long-term effect of triple-drug therapy initiated at the time of primary HIV-1 Infection and to evaluate the persistance of replication-competent virus in responding patients. Methods: Prospective open-label pilot study. Patients received a combination of zidovudine, didanosine and lamivudine. Viral sequencing of the reverse transcriptase gene was performed before therapy and during follow-up. HIV-1 RNA and DNA as well as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte subsets were measured in blood and in lymph node biopsies during therapy. Isolated blood CD4 T cells were cultured in conditions that improved HIV isolation. Three patients received in vivo interleukin-2 and gamma-interferon in order to try to identify intracellular pools of replication-competent virus. Setting: A tertiary care general hospital. Patients: Fifteen patients observed within 28 days following the acute retroviral syndrome. Results: After a mean follow-up of 27.5 ± 2.9 months, plasma RNA remained < 20 copies/ml (four patients), fluctuated between 20 and 120 copies/ml (six patients) or rebounded (five patients). M184V and/or T215Y mutations were demonstrated in two of these last five patients. Proviral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) decreased by an average of ∼ 1 log after 16 ± 3 months, reaching undetectable levels in three patients. The culture of isolated CD4 T cells yielded virus in all but two patients. These last were characterized by a waning antibody reactivity on the Western blot, undetectable proviral DNA in PBMC and undetectable RNA in lymph nodes. Cytokine administration in vivo had no effect in one patient and unmasked plasma RNA in the other. Stopping therapy in the first patient led to a rebound in plasma RNA. Conclusion: Despite a lack of detectable plasma viral activity in some patients after 3 years of triple nucleoside therapy administered since the acute retroviral syndrome, replication-competent virus can still be demonstrated.
Published: 1999

43. Book Review: Global HIV/AIDS Medicine. Edited by Paul A. Volberding, Merle A. Sande, Joep Lange, Warner C. Greene and Joel E. Gallant. WB Saunders, 2007, 846 pages

Author: Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: Infectious Diseases, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), business.industry, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Religious studies, medicine.disease, business
Published: 2008

44. Residual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA in Lymphoid Tissue of Patients with Sustained Plasma RNA of <200 Copies/mL

Author: Lionel Chollet, Nérina Profizi, Alain Lafeuillade, Olivier Costes, Gilles Hittinger, and Cécile Poggi
Subjects: Adult, Male, Anti-HIV Agents, medicine.medical_treatment, HIV Infections, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Virus, Plasma, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Lymph node, Chemotherapy, biology, RNA, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Middle Aged, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Lymphocyte Subsets, Reverse transcriptase, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, Lentivirus, HIV-1, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, RNA, Viral, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Lymph Nodes
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA was measured in lymph node (LN) mononuclear cells of 50 patients with sustained plasma RNA of
Published: 1998

45. Antiretroviral effect of zidovudine–didanosine combination on blood and lymph nodes

Author: Catherine Tamalet, Christian Tourres, Jacques Izopet, Pellegrino P, Cécile Poggi, and Alain Lafeuillade
Subjects: Adult, Male, Anti-HIV Agents, Immunology, HIV Infections, Biology, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Zidovudine, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Lymph node, Didanosine, Viral Load, Virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, DNA, Viral, HIV-1, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Lymph Nodes, Lymph, Viral disease, Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective : To evaluate the antiretroviral effect of a combination of zidovudine (ZDV) and didanosine (ddl) on plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymph nodes after 24 weeks. Methods : Eight patients naive of antiretroviral therapy were followed by monthly blood samples and two surgical lymph-node biopsies taken at baseline and after 24 weeks. CD4+ T cells were counted monthly by flow cytometry. Plasma HIV-1 RNA was measured monthly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Infectious cellular viraemia was measured monthly by a culture technique. Proviral DNA titres in PBMC were measured by endpoint dilution PCR at baseline and 24 weeks. Infectious HIV-1 and proviral DNA titres were measured in the lymph-node mononuclear cells (LNMC). The total HIV-1 RNA content of lymph nodes was measured by PCR. In some cases, phenotypic resistance to ZDV was measured, and codon 215 and 74 mutations in PBMC and LNMC were analysed. Results : A mean increase in CD4 cell count of 122 x 10 6 /l, a mean decrease in HIV-1 RNA of 1.47 log 10 in plasma and a mean decrease in HIV-1 DNA titre of 0.63 log 10 were found after 24 weeks of therapy. Nevertheless, there were no statistically significant changes in the mean infectious HIV-1 titre in PBMC and LNMC, in the HIV-1 DNA titre in LNMC or in the total lymph-node HIV-1 RNA burden at week 24. Phenotypic or genotypic markers of drug resistance were rarely found in PBMC at week 24, although they were detected in LNMC from some patients. Conclusion : A discrepancy in the therapeutic effect can be observed between lymphoid organs and blood after 24 weeks of therapy with ZDV and ddl. This difference could be explained by the insufficient antiretroviral potency of this combination facing the significant viral burden present in lymph nodes. Development of drug resistance in this compartment prior to blood can be demonstrated in some cases, although other mechanisms remain to be investigated in future studies to explain this difference.
Published: 1997

46. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Kinetics in Lymph Nodes Compared with Plasma

Author: Olivier Costes, Cécile Poggi, Alain Lafeuillade, Catherine Tamalet, and Nérina Profizi
Subjects: Biopsy, HIV Infections, Biology, Antiviral Agents, Virus, Zidovudine, Blood plasma, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Viremia, Lymph node, Didanosine, Zalcitabine, Lamivudine, Virology, Kinetics, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, Drug Therapy, Combination, Lymph Nodes, Lymph, medicine.drug
Abstract: As lymphoid organs are the major reservoir of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the rates at which HIV-1 RNA decreases from the plasma and from a series of lymph node biopsies from 4 patients treated with a combination of zidovudine, didanosine, and lamivudine were measured. The concentrations of HIV-1 RNA in the plasma and in lymph nodes declined exponentially, with mean half-lives of 1.88 +/- 0.86 days for plasma and 6.01 +/- 3.44 days for lymph nodes. These data show that most of the HIV-1 in lymphoid organs is due to the infection of new cells and demonstrate that a triple-drug combination is able to target this compartment.
Published: 1996

47. Association of Mycoplasma penetrans with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Author: Odile Grau, Luc Montagnier, Emmanuelle Bourgeois, Hervé Bachelez, Bruno Slizewicz, Jean-Pierre Clauvel, Alain Blanchard, Marinette Moynier, Valérie Launay, Elmostafa Bahraoui, Philippe Tuppin, Alain Lafeuillade, and Nadia Sagot
Subjects: Adult, DNA, Bacterial, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Sexual Behavior, Blotting, Western, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Disease, Bacterial Proteins, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV Seronegativity, Mycoplasma penetrans, Immunopathology, HIV Seropositivity, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Seroprevalence, Mycoplasma Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Sida, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antigens, Bacterial, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, biology, virus diseases, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Case-Control Studies, HIV-2, Immunology, HIV-1, Bisexuality, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, Viral disease
Abstract: A cross-sectional study was done to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma penetrans in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-seropositive and -seronegative persons recruited in France. The data were analyzed with respect to the sociodemographic, clinical, and biologic status of the patients. M. penetrans seropositivity was associated with HIV infection (18.2% of HIV-seropositive vs. 1.3% of HIV-seronegative persons were M. penetrans-seropositive ; P
Published: 1995

48. Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV-1 co-infection in southern France

Author: Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Dominique Jaubert, Jill-Patrice Cassuto, J. A. Gastaut, Pierre Marty, Francine Pratlong, Olivier Boulat, Eric Rosenthal, Jacques Dereure, Alain Lafeuillade, Pierre Dellamonica, Françoise Gambarelli, Pierre Dujardin, and Jacques Reynes
Subjects: Adult, Male, Opportunistic infection, Antibodies, Protozoan, Amphotericin B, medicine, Humans, Aged, Retrospective Studies, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, biology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Leishmaniasis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Pancytopenia, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Visceral leishmaniasis, Antimony Sodium Gluconate, Immunology, HIV-1, Coinfection, Leishmaniasis, Visceral, Female, Parasitology, France, Viral disease, Leishmania infantum, medicine.drug
Abstract: Between 1986 and 1993 visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was diagnosed in 50 adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection (8 females, 42 males: 31 intravenous drug users, 11 homosexual or bisexual men, 6 heterosexual individuals, 2 blood recipients) from 5 hospital centres in southern France. Diagnosis of VL was by demonstration of Leishmania and isolation of promastigotes by culture in Novy-McNeal-Nicolle medium. Leishmania isolates were identified by their isoenzyme profile in 28 patients. All the patients were immunocompromised when VL was diagnosed. Their median CD4 cell count was 25 × 106 (0–200). However, only 21 patients (42%) fulfilled the 1987 CDC criteria for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome before VL developed. Fever (84%), splenomegaly (56%), hepatomegaly (34%), and pancytopenia (62%) were the most common presenting features. Clinical signs were lacking in 10% of patients. Anti-leishmanial antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 26 47 cases (55%). Combining these techniques with Western blotting (WB) gave a positivity rate of 95%. Amastigotes were demonstrated in bone marrow aspirates in 47 cases (94%). Unusual sites for parasites were found in 17 patients (34%), mainly in the digestive tract but also skin and lung. Viscerotropic L. infantum zymodeme MON-1 was characterized in 86% of cases. Dermotropic zymodemes MON-24, MON-29, MON-33, and a previously undescribed zymodeme MON-183, were isolated from 4 patients. The response rate to pentavalent antimony was 50% and to amphotericin B 100%, but clinical relapses were noted in both groups. In endemic areas, VL should be considered as a possible opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients. WB would be a valuable tool for diagnosis of VL in these patients.
Published: 1995

49. Evolution of Lipid Abnormalities in Patients Switched From Stavudine- to Tenofovir-Containing Regimens

Author: Alain Lafeuillade, Stéphane Chadapaud, V. Lambry, P. Jolly, Gilles Hittinger, and G. Philip
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Diseases, Tenofovir, business.industry, Internal medicine, Stavudine, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), In patient, business, Gastroenterology, medicine.drug
Published: 2003

50. Highlights from the 2012 International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID): from cART management to the search of an HIV cure

Author: Jacques Izopet, Marie Suzan-Monti, Vicente Soriano, Mario Stevenson, Alain Lafeuillade, Hans Jürgen Stellbrink, Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital Font Pre-CHI de Toulon, Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, ORS PACA, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM), Laboratoire Virologie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Infektions Medizinisches Centrum Hamburg Study Center (ICH Study Center), Krankenhaus Hamburg, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire de Virologie [Purpan], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], and BMC, Ed.
Subjects: lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Cart, medicine.medical_specialty, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV reservoirs, Viremia, Access to care, Review, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), In patient, Intensive care medicine, HCV coinfection, Disease prognosis, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, HIV pandemic, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, HIV cure, Hiv epidemiology, virus diseases, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, 3. Good health, Immunology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Molecular Medicine, lcsh:RC581-607, business, New anti-HCV drugs, New anti- HCV drugs
Abstract: International audience; ABSTRACT: The 2012 International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID) provided a forum for investigators to hear the latest research developments in the clinical management of HIV and HCV infections as well as HIV-1 reservoirs and cure research. Combined anti-retroviral therapy (c-ART) has had a profound impact on the disease prognosis of individuals living with HIV-1 infection. However, although these anti-retroviral regimens are able to reduce plasma viremia to below the limits of detection for sustained periods of time, there is a rapid recrudescence in plasma viremia if treatment is interrupted. Therefore, despite this potent anti-retroviral suppression, HIV-1 is able to persist within the infected individual. The main 2012 ISHEID theme was, hence "searching for an HIV cure". In this report we not only give details on this main topic of the 2012 ISHEID but also summarize what has been discussed in the areas of HIV epidemiology, access to care, antiretroviral therapy management and recent progress in the therapy of HCV infection in patients with HIV.
Published: 2012

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