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Background and Context: Urban sprawl, also called sprawl or suburban sprawl, is the rapid expansion of the geographic extent of cities and towns, often characterized by low-density residential housing, single-use zoning, and increased reliance on the private automobile for transportation. Urban sprawl is caused in part by the need to accommodate a rising urban population; however, in many metropolitan areas it results from a desire for increased living space and other residential amenities. Urban sprawl has been correlated with increased energy use, pollution, traffic congestion and a decline in community distinctiveness and cohesiveness. In addition, by increasing the physical and environmental "footprints" of metropolitan areas, the phenomenon leads to the destruction of wildlife habitat and to the fragmentation of remaining natural areas. Goal and objectives: This study evaluated and weighed the spatio-temporal dynamics of urban sprawl in oyo town. sprawl in nigeria is a menace that is very obvious with various unsustainable impacts, presenting concern for ecofriendly sustainability. Methodology: Landsat images of years 2003, 2013 and 2021 were classified to produce land use land cover maps. Urban sprawl and expansion were analyzed using post-classification transformation finding and spatial metrics methods, respectively. Results: The outputs revealed built-up area grew by 0.40% during the first period (2003-2013) studied, and 14.25% during the second period (2013-2021). while non-built-up encompass an area of 4640.12 km2 (97.48% of total area), and it decreased to 4620.01 km2 (97.06%) in 2013, and 3941.05 km2 (82.80%) in 2021. during the third period (2003-2021), built-up area enlarged from 1.68% of the total area in 2003 to 16.33% in 2021, indicating a great change of 14.65% in built-up area between year 2003 and 2021. the analysis further revealed a growth coefficient of 2.424%, which indicated that oyo town is experiencing urban sprawl. according to the urban expansion intensity index scores of 0.814%, oyo recorded a relatively medium speed urban expansion between year 2003 and 2021. urban sprawl in oyo has caused land degradation, loss of vegetation cover, loss of natural habitat, and contamination of surface water amongst other things. in view of the vital part played by vegetation as a carbon sink, policy makers are requested to strictly enforce laws to achieve maximum control over urban growth, development and sprawl within oyo town. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of urban mobility is complicated by traffic delay, resulting from poor planning, high population density and poor condition of roads within urban spaces. This study assessed traffic congestion resulting from differential contribution made by various land-uses along Apapa-Oworoshoki expressway in Lagos metropolis. The data for this study was from both primary and secondary sources; GPS point data was collected at selected points for traffic volume count; observation of the nature of vehicular traffic congestion, and land use types along the corridor. Existing data on traffic count along the corridor, connectivity map and land use map sourced from relevant authorities were acquired. Traffic congestion within the area was estimated using volume capacity ratio (V/C). Heterogeneity Index was developed and used to quantify the percentage contribution to traffic volume from various land-use categories. Analytical Hierarchical Processing (AHP) and knowledge-based weighting were used to rank the importance of different heterogeneity indices. Results showed significant relationship between the degree of heterogeneity of the land use pattern and road traffic congestion. Volume Capacity Ratio computed revealed that the route corridor exceeds its designed capacity in the southward direction between the hours of 8am and 12pm on working days. Five major nodes were analyzed along the corridor, and were all above the expected Passenger Car Unit (PCU), these are "Oshodi" 15%, "Airport junction" 10%, "Cele bus stop" 21%, "Mile 2" 14%, "Berger" 15% and "Tincan bus stop" 33% indicating heavy traffic congestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]