Search

Jithin Sreedharan,1 Arun Vijay Subbarayalu,2 Ajayan Kamalasanan,2 Ibrahim Albalawi,3 Gokul G Krishna,4 Ayedh Dhafer Alahmari,4 Jihad A Alsalamah,5 Mohammed G Alkhathami,6 Meshal Alenezi,6 Abdullah S Alqahtani,6 Mohammed Alahmari,7 Michael R Phillips,8 JoAnne MacDonald9 1Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar; 2Deanship of Quality & Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 3Simulation and Advanced Clinical Skills Center, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Respiratory Care, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 7Dammam Health Network, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 8Directorate of Applied Research, Innovation and Economic Development, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar; 9Deanship - College of Health Sciences, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, QatarCorrespondence: Jithin Sreedharan, Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar, Email jithinksree@gmail.com; jithin.sreedharan@udst.edu.qaBackground: Performance evaluation in the allied healthcare education sector is complex, making it essential for policymakers and managers to approach it comprehensively and thoughtfully to understand their performance. Hence, the development and monitoring of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in this domain must be considered one of the key priorities for the policymakers in AHIs.Aim: This study aims to develop a framework for the AHIs to extract and profile the indicators, measure, and report

In the first decades of the Eleventh Century, the balance of power had changed in the Iberian Peninsula) al-Andalus). The Christians united under one king, whereas the Muslims divided into various states. The Christians launched many campaigns against the Islamic states in the Peninsula, and they captured some of them and imposed a tribute against the other. Many scholars and historians have described the cultural prosperity of the Islamic states in al-Andalus. They have also discussed the role of the rulers of these states in this prosperity. In addition, they have examined the cultural contributions of the poets and jurists. Moreover, these scholars and historians have recited the domination of Christians on these states as well as the conflict between the Islamic states. Consequently, this research has linked the cultural prosperity of these Islamic states with the conflict between each other. It has illustrated how the Muslim rulers employed the cultural prosperity and the conflict between each other to district the attention of their inhabitants from the Christian domination and their weakness., En las primeras décadas del siglo XI, el equilibrio de poder había cambiado en la Península Ibérica (al-Andalus). Los cristianos se unieron bajo un rey, mientras que los musulmanes se dividieron en varios estados. Los cristianos lanzaron muchas campañas contra los estados islámicos en la Península, y conquistaron a algunos de ellos e impusieron un tributo contra el otro. Muchos estudiosos e historiadores han descrito la prosperidad cultural de los estados islámicos en al-Andalus. También han discutido el papel de los gobernantes de estos estados en esta prosperidad. Además, han examinado las aportaciones culturales de los poetas y juristas. Además, estos eruditos e historiadores han relatado la dominación de los cristianos en estos estados, así como el conflicto entre los estados islámicos. En consecuencia, esta investigación ha relacionado la prosperidad cultural de estos estados islámicos con el conflicto entre ellos. Ha ilustrado cómo los gobernantes musulmanes utilizaron la prosperidad cultural y el conflicto entre ellos para distraer la atención de sus habitantes de la dominación cristiana y su debilidad.

In the last decades of the eleventh century, the Muslims in the West (al-Gharb) lost Toledo in the middle of the Iberian Peninsula in 477 AH /1085, and the Muslims in the Near East (al-Mashriq) lost Jerusalem (al-Qudis) in 492 AH /1099. This was due to the division of al-Mashriq into several states: besides the ʿAbbāsīd Caliphate (132-655 AH /750-1258), there were other states, such as Saljūk state (428-590 AH/1037-1194) and Fāṭimīd state (296-567 AH / 909-1171). This situation was like the political situation in the Iberian Peninsula (alAndalus), which divided the region into twenty-two states in the first half of the eleventh century. Consequently, many scholars and historians have concentrated on the reaction of the Islamic political and military authorities to the fall of Toledo and Jerusalem. In addition, they have discussed the efforts of the intellectual elites in improving the above-mentioned political circumstances in the Near East and al-Andalus after the fall of these cities. However, they have not paid attention to the impact of the division of al-Andalus into twenty-two states and its internal consequences as well as their submission to the Iberian Catholic rule on the Andalusian intellectual elites’ activities. Consequently, this research analyses the impact of this event on the activities and status of the Andalusian intellectual elites among the Andalusian rulers. It also compares the status of the Andalusian intellectual elites who were against the acts of Andalusian political authorities and those who supported them. In addition, it illustrates the relations between the elites especially who were against the Muslim rulers in al-Andalus., En las últimas décadas del siglo XI, los musulmanes de Occidente (al-Gharb) perdieron Toledo en el medio de la Península Ibérica en 477 AH/1085, y los musulmanes de Oriente Próximo (al-Mashriq) perdieron Jerusalén (al-Qudis) en 492 AH/1099. Esto se debió a la división de al-Mashriq en varios estados: además del Califato ʿAbbāsīd (132-655 AH/750- 1258), había otros estados, como el estado de Saljūk (428-590 AH/1037-1194) y Fāṭimīd estado (296-567 AH / 909-1171). Esta era la situación política en la Península Ibérica (alAndalus), que dividió la región en veintidós estados en la primera mitad del siglo XI. En consecuencia, muchos estudiosos e historiadores se han concentrado en la reacción de las autoridades políticas y militares islámicas ante la caída de Toledo y Jerusalén. Además, han discutido los esfuerzos de las élites intelectuales por mejorar las citadas circunstancias políticas en Oriente Próximo y al-Andalus tras la caída de estas ciudades. Sin embargo, no han prestado atención al impacto de la división de al-Andalus en veintidós estados y sus consecuencias internas, así como su sumisión al dominio católico ibérico en las actividades de las élites intelectuales andaluzas. En consecuencia, esta investigación analiza el impacto de este evento en las actividades y el estatus de las élites intelectuales andaluzas entre los gobernantes andaluces. También compara la situación de las élites intelectuales andaluzas que se opusieron a los actos de las autoridades políticas andaluzas y de quienes las apoyaron. Además, ilustra las relaciones entre las élites, especialmente las que estaban en contra de los gobernantes musulmanes en al-Andalus.

Jithin K Sreedharan,1 Manjush Karthika,2 Jaber S Alqahtani,1 Saad M AlRabeeah,1 Musallam Alnasser,1 Abdullah S Alqahtani,1 Mohammed D AlAhmari,1 Arulanantham Zechariah Jebakumar,3 Meshal AlEnezi,1 Abdullah A Ghazwani,1 Chris Sara Mathew,2 Abdulelah M Aldhahir,4 Suresh G Nair5 1Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; 2Respiratory Care, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Khawarizmi International College, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; 3Vice Deanship of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; 4Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Aster Medicity, Kochi, Kerala, IndiaCorrespondence: Jithin K Sreedharan, Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Email jithinksree@gmail.comBackground: Lung Ultrasound (LUS) had proved to be beneficial in detecting respiratory disorders at the bedside. Understanding the important role of Respiratory Therapists (RTs) in the critical care, we aimed to assess their knowledge, perceived relevance of LUS to clinical practice, current skill gaps, and barriers to practice.Methods: A cross-sectional, nationwide survey conducted among the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The validated questionnaire included 4 sections; the demographics, knowledge and perceptions, applicability and self-reported proficiency, and barriers to the use of LUS by RTs.Results: A total of 256 RTs across different regions of Saudi Arabia participated in this survey. 71.9% of them were males, and 46.1% of the participants were having < 5 years of working experience. Only (18.1%) of the participants used LUS in their clinical practice, and (43%) of them had never received any training. 66% of the participants perceived LUS as an effect

This article engages with the early years of the Murābiṭūn movement and the manuscript that tells the story of the rise of the movement: Kitāb al-masālik wa-lmamālik ‘The Book of Routes and Realms’ and stems from the Andalusī scholar Abū ‛Ubayd ‛Abd Allāh Ibn ‛Abd al-‛Azīz Ibn Muḥammad Ibn Ayyūb Ibn ‛Amr al-Bakrī (d. 486 H./1094 C.e.). At the forefront stands a literary source analysis which will explore how the individual components in a chain of names (“‛Abd Allāh Ibn Yāsīn ism ummihi Tīn Yazāmāran min ahl Ǧazūla”) attributed to a literary figure may be considered as fulfilling a literary function in the act of storytelling. Ultimately, the article will show, how when the name is considered as a literary device, the individual names reflect three pillars in al-Bakrī’s narrative: a connection to the Prophet Muḥammad, a mystified Qur’ānic element and quasi-divine sense of Berberism., Este artículo se ocupa de los primeros años del movimiento Murābiṭūn y del manuscrito que narra la historia del surgimiento del movimiento: Kitāb al-masālik wa-lmamālik ‘El libro de las rutas y los reinos’, escrito por el sabio andalusí Abū ‛Ubayd ‛Abd Allāh Ibn ‛Abd al-‛Azīz Ibn Muḥammad Ibn Ayyūb Ibn ‛Amr al-Bakrī (m. 486 H./1094 e.C.). En primera línea se sitúa un análisis de la fuente literaria que explorará cómo los componentes individuales de una cadena de nombres (“‛Abd Allāh Ibn Yāsīn ism ummi-hi Tīn Yazāmāran min ahl Ǧazūla”) atribuidos a una figura histórica pueden ser considerados como cumpliendo una función literaria en el acto de contar historias. En última instancia, el artículo mostrará, cómo cuando se considera el nombre como un dispositivo literario, los nombres individuales reflejan tres pilares en la narrativa de alBakrī: una conexión con el profeta Muḥammad, un elemento coránico mistificado y un sentido cuasi-divino de la berberidad.