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2. Recommendations of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) on Education in Biomedical and Health Informatics: Second Revision

Author

Bichel-Findlay, Jen, Koch, Sabine, Mantas, John, Abdul, Shabbir S., Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Ammenwerth, Elske, Baum, Analia, Borycki, Elizabeth M., Demiris, George, Hasman, Arie, Hersh, William, Hovenga, Evelyn, Huebner, Ursula H., Huesing, Elaine S., Kushniruk, Andre, Hwa Lee, Kye, Lehmann, Christoph U, Lillehaug, Svein-Ivar, Marin, Heimar F, Marschollek, Michael, Martin-Sanchez, Fernando, Merolli, Mark, Nishimwe, Aurore, Saranto, Kaija, Sent, Danielle, Shachak, Aviv, Udayasankaran, Jai Ganesh, Were, Martin C., and Wright, Graham

Published
2023
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5. Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health: Guidance on large multi-modal models (LMMs)

Author

Malpani, Rohit, Reis, Andreas Alois, Pujari, Sameer, Reeder, John, Vayena, Effy, Labrique, Alain, Farrar, Jeremy, Majumder, Partha, Minssen, Timo, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Paz Canales, Maria, Ema, Arisa, Ghoulia, Amel, Gibson, Jennifer, Goodman, Kenneth W., Jayaram, Malavika, Jjingo, Daudi, Leong, Tze Yun, London, Alex John, Marwala, Thilidzi, Mathur, Roli, Morris, Andrew, Paolotti, Daniela, Singh, Jerome, van den Hoven, Jeroen, Whitney, Robyn, Zeng, Yi, Malpani, Rohit, Reis, Andreas Alois, Pujari, Sameer, Reeder, John, Vayena, Effy, Labrique, Alain, Farrar, Jeremy, Majumder, Partha, Minssen, Timo, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Paz Canales, Maria, Ema, Arisa, Ghoulia, Amel, Gibson, Jennifer, Goodman, Kenneth W., Jayaram, Malavika, Jjingo, Daudi, Leong, Tze Yun, London, Alex John, Marwala, Thilidzi, Mathur, Roli, Morris, Andrew, Paolotti, Daniela, Singh, Jerome, van den Hoven, Jeroen, Whitney, Robyn, and Zeng, Yi

Abstract

Contributed to this WHO guidance as member of the "WHO Expert Group on Ethics and Governance of AI for Health". WHO is issuing this guidance to assist Member States in mapping the benefits and challenges associated with use of LMMs for health and in developing policies and practices for appropriate development, provision and use. The guidance includes recommendations for governance, within companies, by governments and through international collaboration, aligned with the guiding principles. The principles and recommendations, which account for the unique ways in which humans can use generative AI for health, are the basis of this guidance.

Published
2024

6. Self-care intervention using mobile apps for sexual and reproductive health in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

Author

Sedrati, Hayat, primary, Bougdira, Abdesselam, additional, Kamal, Nabiha, additional, Alidrissi, Najib, additional, Sehli, Sofia, additional, Hamdi, Salsabil, additional, Mazti, Asmae, additional, Elfazazi, Hicham, additional, Aboutaib, Rachid, additional, Rhalem, Wajih, additional, Dini, Nezha, additional, Assarrag, Bouchra, additional, Bezad, Nadia, additional, Acharai, Laila, additional, Hachri, Hafid, additional, Rabie, Redouane, additional, Amzazi, Saaid, additional, Nejjari, Chakib, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, and Ghazal, Hassan, additional

Published
2023
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7. Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA): Technological initiatives for ‘One Health’

Author

Abd-alrazaq, Alaa, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Lakhdari, Kheira, additional, Elbokl, Ahmed, additional, Farouk, Hani, additional, Wahba, Hoda, additional, Elgasser, Naema, additional, Mohell, Rania, additional, Emara, Tamer, additional, Ayatollahi, Haleh, additional, Kalhori, Sharareh R. Niakan, additional, Rabiei, Reza, additional, Tara, Mahmood, additional, Akhu-Zaheya, Laila, additional, Al-Qutob, Raeda, additional, Alrazak, Sadam Alabed, additional, Al-Jafar, Eiman, additional, Alhuwail, Dari, additional, Ghazal, Hassan, additional, Dehbi, Zineb El Otmani, additional, Al Idrissi, Najib, additional, Fihri, Ouafaa Fassi, additional, Belyamani, Lahcen, additional, Shahzad, Tariq, additional, Ahmed, Zakiuddin, additional, Ahmad, Arfan, additional, Shah, Zubair, additional, Hamra, Eman Abu, additional, Taweel, Adel, additional, Nashwan, Abdulqadir J., additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, Hamdi, Mounir, additional, Al-Thani, Dena, additional, Alam, Tanvir, additional, Alshammari, Abdulwahhab, additional, Alnafrani, Sana, additional, and Alali, Haitham, additional

Published
2023
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8. Telehealth as a Component of One Health: a Position Paper

Author

Basu, Arindam, additional, Rajput, Vije Kumar, additional, Ito, Marcia, additional, Ranatunga, Prasad, additional, Kuziemsky, Craig, additional, Kulatunga, Gumindu, additional, Hunter, Inga, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Gogia, Shashi, additional, and Iyengar, Sriram, additional

Published
2023
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9. Evidence-Based Health Informatics as the Foundation for the COVID-19 Response : A Joint Call for Action

Author

Fernandez-Luque, Luis, Kushniruk, Andre W., Georgiou, Andrew, Basu, Arindam, Petersen, Carolyn, Ronquillo, Charlene, Paton, Chris, Nohr, Christian, Kuziemsky, Craig E., Alhuwail, Dari, Skiba, Diane, Huesing, Elaine, Gabarron, Elia, Borycki, Elizabeth M., Magrabi, Farah, Denecke, Kerstin, Peute, Linda W. P., Topaz, Max, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Lacroix, Paulette, Marcilly, Romaric, Cornet, Ronald, Gogia, Shashi B., Kobayashi, Shinji, Iyengar, Sriram, Deserno, Thomas M., Mettler, Tobias, Vimarlund, Vivian, Zhu, Xinxin, Fernandez-Luque, Luis, Kushniruk, Andre W., Georgiou, Andrew, Basu, Arindam, Petersen, Carolyn, Ronquillo, Charlene, Paton, Chris, Nohr, Christian, Kuziemsky, Craig E., Alhuwail, Dari, Skiba, Diane, Huesing, Elaine, Gabarron, Elia, Borycki, Elizabeth M., Magrabi, Farah, Denecke, Kerstin, Peute, Linda W. P., Topaz, Max, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Lacroix, Paulette, Marcilly, Romaric, Cornet, Ronald, Gogia, Shashi B., Kobayashi, Shinji, Iyengar, Sriram, Deserno, Thomas M., Mettler, Tobias, Vimarlund, Vivian, and Zhu, Xinxin

Abstract

Background As a major public health crisis, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demonstrates the urgent need for safe, effective, and evidence-based implementations of digital health. The urgency stems from the frequent tendency to focus attention on seemingly high promising digital health interventions despite being poorly validated in times of crisis. Aim In this paper, we describe a joint call for action to use and leverage evidence-based health informatics as the foundation for the COVID-19 response and public health interventions. Tangible examples are provided for how the working groups and special interest groups of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) are helping to build an evidence-based response to this crisis. Methods Leaders of working and special interest groups of the IMIA, a total of 26 groups, were contacted via e-mail to provide a summary of the scientific-based efforts taken to combat COVID-19 pandemic and participate in the discussion toward the creation of this manuscript. A total of 13 groups participated in this manuscript. Results Various efforts were exerted by members of IMIA including (1) developing evidence-based guidelines for the design and deployment of digital health solutions during COVID-19; (2) surveying clinical informaticians internationally about key digital solutions deployed to combat COVID-19 and the challenges faced when implementing and using them; and (3) offering necessary resources for clinicians about the use of digital tools in clinical practice, education, and research during COVID-19. Discussion Rigor and evidence need to be taken into consideration when designing, implementing, and using digital tools to combat COVID-19 to avoid delays and unforeseen negative consequences. It is paramount to employ a multidisciplinary approach for the development and implementation of digital health tools that have been rapidly deployed in response to the pandemic bearing in mind human factors

Published
2022
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10. Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA)

Author

Ghazal, Hassan, additional, Alshammari, Abdulwahhab, additional, Taweel, Adel, additional, ElBokl, Ahmed, additional, Nejjari, Chakib, additional, Alhuwail, Dari, additional, Al-Thani, Dena, additional, Al-Jafar, Eiman, additional, Wahba, Hoda, additional, Alrishidi, Mohammed, additional, Hamdi, Mounir, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, El-Hassan, Osama, additional, Alnafrani, Sana, additional, Kalhori, Sharareh Rostam Niakan, additional, Emara, Tamer, additional, Alam, Tanvir, additional, El Otmani Dehbi, Zineb, additional, and Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional

Published
2022
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13. The Message of the Library: A Story of Survival.

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb

Abstract

Reviews the history and development of "The Message of the Library," the journal of the Jordan Library Association. Discusses reasons for the journal's success in terms of economics, finance, intellect, and content. Concludes that library journals in developing countries can survive if there is effective management and support from the profession. (AEF)

Published
1995

18. Evidence-Based Health Informatics as the Foundation for the COVID-19 Response : A Joint Call for Action

Author

Fernandez-Luque, Luis, Kushniruk, Andre W., Georgiou, Andrew, Basu, Arindam, Petersen, Carolyn, Ronquillo, Charlene, Paton, Chris, Nohr, Christian, Kuziemsky, Craig E., Alhuwail, Dari, Skiba, Diane, Huesing, Elaine, Gabarron, Elia, Borycki, Elizabeth M., Magrabi, Farah, Denecke, Kerstin, Peute, Linda W. P., Topaz, Max, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Lacroix, Paulette, Marcilly, Romaric, Cornet, Ronald, Gogia, Shashi B., Kobayashi, Shinji, Iyengar, Sriram, Deserno, Thomas M., Mettler, Tobias, Vimarlund, Vivian, Zhu, Xinxin, Fernandez-Luque, Luis, Kushniruk, Andre W., Georgiou, Andrew, Basu, Arindam, Petersen, Carolyn, Ronquillo, Charlene, Paton, Chris, Nohr, Christian, Kuziemsky, Craig E., Alhuwail, Dari, Skiba, Diane, Huesing, Elaine, Gabarron, Elia, Borycki, Elizabeth M., Magrabi, Farah, Denecke, Kerstin, Peute, Linda W. P., Topaz, Max, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Lacroix, Paulette, Marcilly, Romaric, Cornet, Ronald, Gogia, Shashi B., Kobayashi, Shinji, Iyengar, Sriram, Deserno, Thomas M., Mettler, Tobias, Vimarlund, Vivian, and Zhu, Xinxin

Abstract

Background As a major public health crisis, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demonstrates the urgent need for safe, effective, and evidence-based implementations of digital health. The urgency stems from the frequent tendency to focus attention on seemingly high promising digital health interventions despite being poorly validated in times of crisis. Aim In this paper, we describe a joint call for action to use and leverage evidence-based health informatics as the foundation for the COVID-19 response and public health interventions. Tangible examples are provided for how the working groups and special interest groups of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) are helping to build an evidence-based response to this crisis. Methods Leaders of working and special interest groups of the IMIA, a total of 26 groups, were contacted via e-mail to provide a summary of the scientific-based efforts taken to combat COVID-19 pandemic and participate in the discussion toward the creation of this manuscript. A total of 13 groups participated in this manuscript. Results Various efforts were exerted by members of IMIA including (1) developing evidence-based guidelines for the design and deployment of digital health solutions during COVID-19; (2) surveying clinical informaticians internationally about key digital solutions deployed to combat COVID-19 and the challenges faced when implementing and using them; and (3) offering necessary resources for clinicians about the use of digital tools in clinical practice, education, and research during COVID-19. Discussion Rigor and evidence need to be taken into consideration when designing, implementing, and using digital tools to combat COVID-19 to avoid delays and unforeseen negative consequences. It is paramount to employ a multidisciplinary approach for the development and implementation of digital health tools that have been rapidly deployed in response to the pandemic bearing in mind human factors

Published
2021
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20. Telehealth and the COVID-19 Pandemic: International Perspectives and a Health Systems Framework for Telehealth Implementation to Support Critical Response

Author

Basu, Arindam, additional, Kuziemsky, Craig, additional, de Araújo Novaes, Magdala, additional, Kleber, Araujo, additional, Sales, Fernando, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Flórez-Arango, José F., additional, Gogia, Shashi B., additional, Ho, Kendall, additional, Hunter, Inga, additional, Iyengar, Sriram, additional, John, Oommen, additional, John, Sheila, additional, Kulatunga, Gumindu, additional, Rajput, Vije Kumar, additional, Ranatunga, Prasad, additional, and Udayasankaran, Jai Ganesh, additional

Published
2021
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22. Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA)

Author

Tara, Mahmood, additional, Adel, Taweel, additional, Dari, Alhuwail, additional, Al Thani, Dena A., additional, Al-Jafar, Eiman, additional, Abu Hamra, Eman, additional, Ghazal, Hassan, additional, Wahba, Hoda, additional, Bahaadinbeigy, Kambiz, additional, AlKhalifa, Khalid, additional, Joseph, Leena, additional, Zeroug, Mohamed, additional, Odeh, Mohammad Bani, additional, Alhefzi, Mohammed I., additional, Hamdi, Mounir, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, El Hassan, Osama, additional, Al-Salmi, Salim Abdullah, additional, Amara, Tamer, additional, and Sari, Zoubir, additional

Published
2021
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23. Improving Healthcare Access through Digital Health : The Use of Information and Communication Technologies

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb Mohammed

Subjects
Medical
Abstract

Healthcare has been going through major digital transformations due to the extensive use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the sector. Many patients lack access to healthcare services due to lack of knowledge of the exitance of the service, physical or mental disability, distance, siege, lockdown and other possible reasons. Access to healthcare services has been impacted by a number of innovations including electronic health record, artificial intelligence, sensors, wearable devices, Internet of (medical) things, Blockchain, big data and other applications. COVID-19 has created new realities in accessing healthcare services through telehealth and telemedicine services as many countries have imposed lockdown and physical distancing. Digital health has been used to empower people, in general and patients in particular, to enable them to access healthcare services at the point of care or remotely. Healthcare professionals have been using digital health to enhance their knowledge, skills and more important to enable them to reach to patients to provide guidance and assistance. Using digital health solutions has a number of challenges which can be legal, ethical, infrastructural, human and material resources, training, education, attitude, cultural, organizational and behavioral. A number of national, regional and international agencies have adopted resolutions and developed strategies to support digital health implementation in countries. This chapter provides few examples to demonstrate how access to healthcare services is being enabled and facilitated by information and communication technology (ICT) through proper national planning of digital health.

Published
2020

24. "Digital Health Diplomacy" in Global Digital Health? A call for critique and discourse.

Author

Godinho, Myron Anthony, Martins, Henrique, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Quintana, Yuri, and Liaw, Siaw-Teng

Abstract

Actualizing the vision of Global Digital Health is a central issue on the Global Health Diplomacy agenda. The COVID-reinforced need for accelerated digital health progress will require political structures and processes to build a foundation for Global Digital Health. Simultaneously, Global Health Diplomacy uses digital technologies in its enactment. Both phenomena have driven interest in the term "Digital Health Diplomacy." A review of the literature revealed 2 emerging but distinct definitions that have been published very recently, each with its associated discourse and practice. This multiplicity of ideas demonstrates the myriad ways in which global digital and political systems are becoming increasingly entangled. Untangling these, this paper proposes and discusses 3 dimensions of Digital Health Diplomacy: "Diplomacy for digital health," "Digital health for diplomacy," and "Digital health in diplomacy." It calls upon digital health professionals, diplomats, political and social scientists, epidemiologists, and clinicians to discuss, critique, and advance this emerging domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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25. Evidence-Based Health Informatics as the Foundation for the COVID-19 Response: A Joint Call for Action

Author

Fernandez-Luque, Luis, additional, Kushniruk, Andre W., additional, Georgiou, Andrew, additional, Basu, Arindam, additional, Petersen, Carolyn, additional, Ronquillo, Charlene, additional, Paton, Chris, additional, Nøhr, Christian, additional, Kuziemsky, Craig E., additional, Alhuwail, Dari, additional, Skiba, Diane, additional, Huesing, Elaine, additional, Gabarron, Elia, additional, Borycki, Elizabeth M., additional, Magrabi, Farah, additional, Denecke, Kerstin, additional, Peute, Linda W. P., additional, Topaz, Max, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Lacroix, Paulette, additional, Marcilly, Romaric, additional, Cornet, Ronald, additional, Gogia, Shashi B., additional, Kobayashi, Shinji, additional, Iyengar, Sriram, additional, Deserno, Thomas M., additional, Mettler, Tobias, additional, Vimarlund, Vivian, additional, and Zhu, Xinxin, additional

Published
2020
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26. Is it about the ‘where’ or thSare ‘how’? Comment on Defining global health as public health somewhere else

Author

Fischer, Sara Elisa, primary, Patil, Poorvaprabha, additional, Zielinski, Chris, additional, Baxter, Lori, additional, Bonilla-Escobar, Francisco Javier, additional, Hussain, Shabina, additional, Lai, Claudia, additional, Walpole, Sarah Catherine, additional, Ohanyido, Francis, additional, Flood, David, additional, Singh, Ambrish, additional, and Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional

Published
2020
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27. Ethics in Telehealth: Comparison between Guidelines and Practice-based Experience -the Case for Learning Health Systems

Author

Kuziemsky, Craig E., additional, Hunter, Inga, additional, Gogia, Shashi B., additional, lyenger, Sriram, additional, Kulatunga, Gumindu, additional, Rajput, Vije, additional, Subbian, Vignesh, additional, John, Oommen, additional, Kleber, Araujo, additional, Mandirola, Humberto F., additional, Florez-Arango, Jose, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Meher, Sushil, additional, Udayasankaran, Jai Ganesh, additional, and Basu, Arindam, additional

Published
2020
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28. Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA)

Author

Alhuwail, Dari, additional, Al-Jafar, Eiman, additional, Alshammari, Riyad, additional, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, El Hassan, Osama, additional, Al-Hamdan, Zaid, additional, Alshammari, Abdulwahhab, additional, Luque, Luis Fernandez, additional, AL Salmi, Salim, additional, Taweel, Adel, additional, AlKhalifa, Khalid, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, and Al Thani, Dena A., additional

Published
2020
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31. Index medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean region

Author

Al-Shorbaji Najeeb

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract The study provides the rationale, history and current status of the Index Medicus for the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region. The Index is unique in combining the geographic coverage of peer-reviewed health and biomedical journals (408 titles) from the 22 countries of the Region. Compiling and publishing the Index coupled with a document delivery service is an integral part of the WHO Regional Office's knowledge management and sharing programme. In this paper, bibliometric indicators are presented to demonstrate the distribution of journals, articles, languages, subjects and authors as well as availability in printed and electronic formats. Two countries in the Region (Egypt and Pakistan) contribute over 50% of the articles in the Index. About 90% of the articles are published in English. Epidemiology articles represent 8% of the entire Index. 15% of the journals in the Index are also indexed in MEDLINE, while 7% are indexed in EMBASE. Future developments of the Index will include covering more journals and adding other types of health and biomedical literature, including reports, theses, books and current research. The challenges and lessons learnt are discussed.

Published
2008
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33. Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA): Building Sustainable Collaboration

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, Taweel, Adel, additional, Alanizi, Abdullah, additional, Mohammed, Bennani, additional, Abaza, Haitham, additional, Bawadi, Hala, additional, Rasuly, Hamayon, additional, Alyafei, Khalid, additional, Fernandez-Luque, Luis, additional, Shouman, Mohamed, additional, El-Hassan, Osama, additional, Hussein, Rada, additional, Alshammari, Riyad, additional, Mandil, Salah, additional, Shouman, Sarah, additional, Taheri, Shahrad, additional, Emara, Tamer, additional, Dalhem, Wasmiya, additional, Al-Hamdan, Zaid, additional, and Serhier, Zineb, additional

Published
2018
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35. Discussion of “the new role of biomedical informatics in the age of digital medicine”

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Bellazzi, Riccardo, Gonzalez Bernaldo de Quiros, Fernan, Koch, Sabine, Kulikowski, Casimir A., Lovell, Nigel H., Maojo García, Víctor Manuel, Park, Hyeoun-Ae, Sanz, Ferran, Sarkar, Indra N., Tanaka, Hiroshi, Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Bellazzi, Riccardo, Gonzalez Bernaldo de Quiros, Fernan, Koch, Sabine, Kulikowski, Casimir A., Lovell, Nigel H., Maojo García, Víctor Manuel, Park, Hyeoun-Ae, Sanz, Ferran, Sarkar, Indra N., and Tanaka, Hiroshi

Abstract

This article is part of a For-Discussion-Section of Methods of Information in Medicine about the paper “The New Role of Biomedical Informatics in the Age of Digital Medicine” written by Fernando J. Martin-Sanchez and Guillermo H. Lopez-Campos. It is introduced by an editorial. This article contains the combined commentaries invited to in -dependently comment on the paper of Martin-Sanchez and Lopez-Campos. In subsequent issues the discussion can continue through letters to the editor.

Published
2016

36. Offline eLearning for undergraduates in health professions: A systematic review of the impact on knowledge, skills, attitudes and satisfaction

Author

Wark, Petra A., Rasmussen, Kristine, Belisario, José Marcano, Molina, Joseph Antonio, Loong, Stewart Lee, Cotic, Ziva, Papachristou, Nikos, Riboli–Sasco, Eva, Car, Lorainne Tudor, Musulanov, Eve Marie, Zhang, Yanfeng, Kunz, Holger, George, Pradeep Paul, Heng, Bee Hoon, Wheeler, Erica Lynette, Al Shorbaji, Najeeb, Svab, Igor, Atun, Rifat, Majeed, Azeem, Car, Josip, and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)

Subjects
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, education, lcsh:R, effectiveness, lcsh:Medicine, lcsh:RA1-1270, ELearning, Article, Knowledge, global shortage, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Knowledge management [Library and information science], Healthcare workers, elearning
Abstract

Background: The world is short of 7.2 million health–care workers and this figure is growing. The shortage of teachers is even greater, which limits traditional education modes. eLearning may help overcome this training need. Offline eLearning is useful in remote and resource–limited settings with poor internet access. To inform investments in offline eLearning, we need to establish its effectiveness in terms of gaining knowledge and skills, students’ satisfaction and attitudes towards eLearning. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of offline eLearning for students enrolled in undergraduate, health–related university degrees. We included randomised controlled trials that compared offline eLearning to traditional learning or an alternative eLearning method. We searched the major bibliographic databases in August 2013 to identify articles that focused primarily on students’ knowledge, skills, satisfaction and attitudes toward eLearning, and health economic information and adverse effects as secondary outcomes. We also searched reference lists of relevant studies. Two reviewers independently extracted data from the included studies. We synthesized the findings using a thematic summary approach. Findings: Forty–nine studies, including 4955 students enrolled in undergraduate medical, dentistry, nursing, psychology, or physical therapy studies, met the inclusion criteria. Eleven of the 33 studies testing knowledge gains found significantly higher gains in the eLearning intervention groups compared to traditional learning, whereas 21 did not detect significant differences or found mixed results. One study did not test for differences. Eight studies detected significantly higher skill gains in the eLearning intervention groups, whilst the other 5 testing skill gains did not detect differences between groups. No study found offline eLearning as inferior. Generally no differences in attitudes or preference of eLearning over traditional learning were observed. No clear trends were found in the comparison of different modes of eLearning. Most of the studies were small and subject to several biases. Conclusions: Our results suggest that offline eLearning is equivalent and possibly superior to traditional learning regarding knowledge, skills, attitudes and satisfaction. Although a robust conclusion cannot be drawn due to variable quality of the evidence, these results justify further investment into offline eLearning to address the global health care workforce shortage. Published version

Published
2014

39. Offline eLearning for undergraduates in health professions: A systematic review of the impact on knowledge, skills, attitudes and satisfaction

Author

Rasmussen, Kristine, primary, Belisario, José Marcano, additional, Wark, Petra A, additional, Molina, Joseph Antonio, additional, Loong, Stewart Lee, additional, Cotic, Ziva, additional, Papachristou, Nikos, additional, Riboli–Sasco, Eva, additional, Car, Lorainne Tudor, additional, Musulanov, Eve Marie, additional, Kunz, Holger, additional, Zhang, Yanfeng, additional, George, Pradeep Paul, additional, Heng, Bee Hoon, additional, Wheeler, Erica Lynette, additional, Al Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Svab, Igor, additional, Atun, Rifat, additional, Majeed, Azeem, additional, and Car, Josip, additional

Published
2014
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40. Online eLearning for undergraduates in health professions: A systematic review of the impact on knowledge, skills, attitudes and satisfaction

Author

George, Pradeep Paul, primary, Papachristou, Nikos, additional, Belisario, José Marcano, additional, Wang, Wei, additional, Wark, Petra A, additional, Cotic, Ziva, additional, Rasmussen, Kristine, additional, Sluiter, René, additional, Riboli–Sasco, Eva, additional, Car, Lorainne Tudor, additional, Musulanov, Eve Marie, additional, Molina, Joseph Antonio, additional, Heng, Bee Hoon, additional, Zhang, Yanfeng, additional, Wheeler, Erica Lynette, additional, Al Shorbaji, Najeeb, additional, Majeed, Azeem, additional, and Car, Josip, additional

Published
2014
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43. Establishing an evidence base for e-health: the proof is in the pudding

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb and Geissbuhler, Antoine

Subjects
E-health -- Standards, Evidence-based medicine -- Usage, Health, World Health Organization -- Standards
Abstract

Seven years have passed since the World Health Assembly adopted resolution WHA58.28 urging the World Health Organization and its Member States (1) to endorse e-health as a way to strengthen [...]

Published
2012
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46. On the Internet of Things, smart cities and the WHO Healthy Cities.

Author

Boulos, Maged N. Kamel and Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb M.

Abstract

This article gives a brief overview of the Internet of Things (IoT) for cities, offering examples of IoT-powered 21st century smart cities, including the experience of the Spanish city of Barcelona in implementing its own IoT-driven services to improve the quality of life of its people through measures that promote an eco-friendly, sustainable environment. The potential benefits as well as the challenges associated with IoT for cities are discussed. Much of the 'big data' that are continuously generated by IoT sensors, devices, systems and services are geo-tagged or geo-located. The importance of having robust, intelligent geospatial analytics systems in place to process and make sense of such data in real time cannot therefore be overestimated. The authors argue that IoT-powered smart cities stand better chances of becoming healthier cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) Healthy Cities Network and associated national networks have hundreds of member cities around the world that could benefit from, and harness the power of, IoT to improve the health and well-being of their local populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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49. eHealth at WHO: The Mandate and Progress.

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb

Subjects
ELECTRONIC health records, VIDEOCONFERENCING, INTERNET in medicine, INFORMATION sharing, COMPUTER networks
Abstract

This paper is the full version of a video presentation that was made at the Conference. The presentation covered the products, services and achievements made by the World Health Organization over the last three years in support of eHealth at a global level. Among these achievements which will be elaborated in the paper are the publication of a special theme issue of the World Health Bulletin on building the evidence for eHealth, the launch of the National eHealth Strategy Toolkit, the launch of the WHO Forum for Health Data Standardization and Interoperability, the adoption of a resolution on eHealth standardization and interoperability and health on the Internet at the 66th session of the World Health Assembly in May 2013, conducting of the 2nd global survey on eHealth as part of the work of the Global Observatory for eHealth and the resulting publication of six key reports covering mHealth, telemedicine, legal frameworks for eHealth, safety and security on the Internet, management of patient information and the Global eHealth Atlas and finally conducting of the 3rd global survey on eHealth was completed as part of the implementation of the recommendations of the Commission on Information and Accountability for Women's and Children's Health. Convening of the eHealth Technical Advisory Group as a governance structure for eHealth was discussed. The author called for all eHealth researchers and practitioners to take part in the work of WHO through research, sharing of information and knowledge and best practices, networking, building capacity and utilization of the tools developed to allow for their improvement and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013

50. e-health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a decade of challenges and achievements.

Author

Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb

Abstract

The article focuses on the status of electronic health applications in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. The use of information and communication technology (ICT) has helped in the programs of the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Examples of communicable diseases that have affected countries in the EMR include malaria, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, and chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. National health information systems that use ICT represent the foundation of the national health system in EMR.

Published
2008

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