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CONTEXT: This study aimed to know the clinical and demographic profile of pediatric cataracts in Oman. AIMS: The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinical profile of pediatric cataracts in a tertiary care hospital, Oman. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a hospital-based, retrospective observational study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study of all Omani children presented to ophthalmology outpatient at a tertiary hospital, between January 2012 and December 2016. All patients aged <18 years presented with lens opacity were included in the study. Traumatic cataract cases were excluded from the study. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: SPSS version 22.0 International Business Machines, (Armonk, New York, Unites States of America, dated 8/13/13) used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among 379 eyes of 239 patients, 58.6% (140 patients) had bilateral cataracts. Male-to-female ratio was 1.38:1. We arrived at prevalence of 4.32 with 95% confidence interval (3.85, 4.77) of congenital cataract cases/10,000 Omani Children. Most patients (54%) were from either Muscat (28.9%) or A'Sharqiyah (25.1%). The median age of cataracts first noticed by parents was 3 months and the median age of presentation to the eye care unit was 15 months. Patients with positive family history significantly (P = 0.007) presented with bilateral cataracts (75%). About 22.2% of the patients had associated systemic diseases. Among those with systemic association, 77.4% of cases had bilateral cataracts. About 35.4% of eyes had another ocular association. The most common ocular association was squint (11.1%). The most common cataract morphologies at presentation were 20.1% presenting with total lens opacities and 19.8% with posterior subcapsular/posterior lenticonus. CONCLUSIONS: A higher demographic distribution of pediatric cataracts was found in Muscat governorate. There was a significant median delay in presentation to the pediatric ophthalmology clinic by 12 months since lens opacity was first noticed by parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocular adnexal lymphomas (OALs) are extranodal lymphomas primarily involving the ocular adnexa, which includes the conjunctiva. OALs are considered primary if the involvement of lymphoma is confined to the ocular adnexa alone and secondary if there is lymphoma of the identical type present at another site. Conjunctival lymphomas are uncommon in children, with very few reported cases in published literature, none of which were small lymphocytic lymphomas (SLLs). We report a case of SLL confined to the conjunctiva, in a 15-year-old child, with full pediatric oncology examination, including full body positron emission tomography (PET) scan, revealing no other site involvement. To our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported of a child with primary unilateral conjunctival SLL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is a severe retinal disease that is frequently associated with vision loss in immunocompromised patients if not promptly diagnosed and treated.[[1]] CMVR is the result of hematogenous spread of the virus to the retina after systemic reactivation of a latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.[[2]] In recent years, hematological disorders have been effectively treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). After transplantation, patients should be screened depending on the CMV viremia status, if a patient is positive then new baseline dilated fundus exam (DFE) and fundus photo within 2 weeks of identification of viremia should be performed. [Extracted from the article]