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A systematic literature survey published in several journals of pharmaceutical chemistry and of chromatography used to analyze impurities for most of the drugs that have been reviewed. This article covers the period from 2016 to 2020, in which almost of chromatographic techniques have been used for drug impurity analysis. These chromatography techniques are important in the analysis and description of drug impurities. Moreover, some recent developments in forced impurity profiling have been discussed, such as buffer solutions, mobile phase, columns, elution modes, and detectors are highlighted in drugs used for the study. This primarily focuses on thorough updating of different analytical methods which include hyphenated techniques for detecting and quantifying impurity and degradation levels in various pharmaceutical matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bombax ceiba L. tree is a member of the family Bombacaceae and the genus Bombax. Both Chinese and Indian traditional medicine have made extensive use of it in the treatment of sickness. Its chemical composition is still a mystery. B. ceiba roots methanol extract (BCRME) was analyzed by different chromatographic analytical techniques in order to identify its major chemical constituents. Twelve compounds and six compounds were identified from GC–MS and LC–MS analysis, respectively. This is the first report on the presence of lathodoratin, cedrene, 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one,8-[{dimethylamino} methyl]-7-methoxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl, asiatic acid, and (E)-2,4,4'-trihydroxylchalcone in B. ceiba roots. Methanol extract demonstrated noteworthy antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC96) (MIC: 100 µg/mL) compare to antibiotic ampicillin (MIC: 250 µg/mL) as well as the highest α-amylase inhibition (IC50=26.91 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50=21.21 µg/mL) effects, molecular docking study confirmed these findings, with some compounds having a very high docking score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of methanol extract of Martynia annua seed revealed the presence of haploperozide and austricine. For safety, heavy metals content investigation of plant powder using the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique showed that the toxic metals (Pb: 2.07 mg/kg; Cd: 0.07 mg/kg; and As: 0.18 mg/kg) concentrations were found to be below the permissible limit. The extract demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. coli (MIC value 125 g/mL). Furthermore, it was effective in inhibiting both α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes with a high percentage and IC50 values were 42.28 ± 0.39 µg/mL and 34.11 ± 0.31 µg/mL, respectively. These findings were supported by a molecular docking study, some of the phytochemicals showed higher docking score values than references. However, Martynia annua seeds are safe to consume because they contain low levels of toxic heavy metals and possess antibacterial and anti-diabetic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2-Methyl-3-(Aryl)-4(phenyl)-5-(1-methylene-4-diphenylmethylpiperazine) isoxazolidine (3a-j) have been prepared by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the synthesized C-aryl-N-methylnitrones (1a-j) with Cinnarizine and some physical properties (melting points (m.p), Retardation Factor (Rf), etc) that were taken of these novel isoxazolidines. The structural properties of isoxazolidine and nitrones were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared FT-IR spectroscopy, ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopy,13C-NMR spectroscopy. The relative product formulations were determined from¹H-¹H NOESY,¹H-13C-HMQC NMR spectrum for some of the compounds and biological evaluation for synthesized derivatives were studied using the disc diffusion process against selected Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aurous bacteria also against pathogenic fungi Candida Albicans and Microsporum gypsum compared with the standard drugs isoxazolidine (3d,3f) revealed high activity against staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli as well as complete inhibition of growth against pathogenic fungi Candida Albicans and Microsporum gypsum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]