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In this work, a composite strain sensor is fabricated by synthesizing MXene and deposition of polypyrrole on top of the flexible electrospun PVDF nanofibers. The fabricated sensor exhibits a conductive network constructed with MXene and polypyrrole of microcracks network structure, demonstrating its strain sensing properties. The presence of these microcracks serves as mechanical weak points, which leads to sensitivity enhancement, while the electrospun fiber substrate act as a cushion for strain loading under large deformations. The as-prepared MXene@Polypyrrole PVDF sensor has a gauge factor range of 78–355 with a sensing range between 0–100%. Besides strain deformations, the sensor can operate in torsional deformation and human motion, indicating the sensor's potential as a wearable health monitoring device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrospun fiber membrane as a separator‐electrolyte have been prepared in this study using electrospinning process from cellulose acetate, PVA, K2CO3, and SiO2 with different concentrations. Five different concentration were prepared (14–22 wt%) using mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone in a fixed ratio of 2:3. The prepared electrospun membranes were characterized and shown to exhibit good and well‐structured morphology formed by interlaying of fibers, where the thinnest and finest fibers were achieved at 20 wt% polymer concentration, resulting in average diameters of 480 ± 80 nm. The prepared membranes were activated with plasticized gel polymer electrolyte where its electrochemical properties/performance was evaluated. Based on the good porous nature of the fiber, the membrane with 20 wt% concentration exhibited good electrolyte uptake of 450.75% that is higher than the commercially prepared separator. Similarly, the membranes displayed good electrolyte retention (R) ability of 8.8. The ionic conductivity studies revealed that, the conductivity of the electrospun membranes increased with increasing polymer concentration up to 20 wt% where an optimum ionic conductivity of 3.73 × 10−3 and 7.54 × 10−3 Scm−1 at ambient temperature and 373.15 K, respectively, have been achieved. The oxidation stability of the prepared membrane in this study showed a good electrochemical stability of up to 4.8 V that is higher than that of the commercially prepared membrane and other reported electrolytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to optimise the vehicle noise and vibration using genetic and random search algorithms (RSAs) approach. Toward this end, an experimental design was carried out to acquire the noise and vibration data using three local compact cars namely Viva, Myvi and Axia on stationary and running conditions with a variety of engine speeds transmissions. The measured noise and vibration were analysed to obtain the sound quality parameters loudness and sharpness, sound pressure level and vibration exposures in the interior vehicle cabin. Overall findings of this study indicate that the comfort level is factually influenced by factors including type of road surface, engine transmissions and vehicle design characteristics. The results also indicate that the proposed approach is reliable and can be utilised by automotive researchers to identify the optimal NVH values necessary for vehicle refinement and noise control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimise vehicles' interior noise and vibration caused by powertrain, tire-road surface interaction and type of car. Toward this end, an experimental design was carried out to obtain the noise and vibration data of three local compact-sized cars at stationary and running conditions and varying engine speeds. The acquired data were analysed to obtain sound quality parameters such as loudness and sharpness, sound pressure level and vibration exposures in the interior cabin. Besides that, a K-means clustering algorithm was utilised to cluster the noise and vibration to determine the comfort level in the vehicle's interior cabin. The overall findings indicate that the comfort level is influenced by the types of road surface, powertrain and vehicle design. The results also indicate that the proposed GA approach is reliable and can be utilised by automotive researchers to identify the optimal Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) values for vehicle refinement and noise control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]