22 results on '"Alışkan, Hikmet Eda"'
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2. Evaluation of IgG Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Among Healthcare Workers Who Frequently Encountered COVID-19 Patients in Our Hospital
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Yeşilağaç, Hasan, primary, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional, Gümüş, Hatice Hale, additional, Ödemiş, İlker, additional, and Ekici Ünsal, Zuhal, additional
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- 2022
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3. Antibody Screening and Risk Assessment of Healthcare Professionals in the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Gümüş, Hatice Hale, primary, Demiroğlu, Yusuf Ziya, additional, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional, Ödemiş, İlker, additional, Ceylan, Özgür, additional, Poçan, Ahmet Gürhan, additional, and Karagün, Özlem, additional
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- 2021
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4. Diverse efficacy of CarbaNP test among OXA-48 carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales in an endemic region
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Hortaç İştar, Elvan, primary, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional, and Göçmen, Jülide Sedef, additional
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- 2021
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5. Metisiline Duyarlı ve Dirençli Staphylococcus aureus İzolatlarının Biyofilm Oluşturma Özelliklerinin Konvansiyonel ve Moleküler Yöntemlerle Belirlenmesi
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Hortaç İştar, Elvan, primary, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional, and Başustaoğlu, Ahmet, additional
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- 2020
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6. Evaluation of 2015-2016 MOTAKK HBV DNA and HCV RNA external quality assessment national program results
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Karataylı, Ersin, Soydemir, Ege, Aksoy, Zeynep Büşra, Kızılpınar, Mehtap, Altay Koçak, Aylin, Karataylı, Senem Ceren, Yurdcu, Esra, Yıldırım, Umut, Güriz, Haluk, Bozdayı, Gülendam, Yurdaydın, Cihan, İlhan, Osman, Yıldırım, Yasin, Bozdayı, A. Mithat, Yalçıntaş Oğuz, Açelya, Barış, Ahmet, Alp, Alpaslan, Aksözek, Alper, Sayıner, Arzu, Karagül, Aydan, Ordu, Aylin, İstanbullu, Ayşe, Otlu, Barış, Arıdoğan, Buket, Aksu, Burak, Buruk, C. Kurtuluş, Karahan, Ceren, Güney, Çakır, Toksöz, Devrim, Yıldırım, Dilara, Çolak, Dilek, Eren Dağlar, Duygu, Fındık, Duygu, Kaş, Elif, Çalışkan, Emel, Zeyrek, Fadile Yıldız, Arslan, Fatma, Demir, Feyza, Milletli, Fikriye, Kibar, Filiz, Özdinçer, Furkan, Dündar, Gülnur, Arslan, Hande, Ağca, Harun, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, Güdücüoğlu, Hüseyin, Fidan, Işıl, Akyar, Işın, Afşar, İlhan, Kaleli, İlknur, Dönmez, İsmail, Yanık, Kemalettin, Midilli, Kenan, Çubukçu, Kıvanç, Özdemir, Mehmet, Acar, Melek, Yalınay, Meltem, Kuşkucu, Mert Ahmet, Bakıcı, Mustafa Zahir, Aydın, Neriman, Yılmaz, Neziha, Çeken, Nihan, Ziyade, Nihan, Yılmaz, Nisel, Özgümüş, Osman Birol, Gitmişoğlu, Özlem, Demirgan, Recep, Keşli, Recep, Güçkan, Rıdvan, Sertoz, Ruchan, Akgün, Sadık, Aksaray, Sebahat, Bayık, Seyit Ahmet, Akçalı, Sinem, Gürcan, Şaban, Karslıgil, Tekin, Us, Tercan, Özekinci, Tuncer, Pılgır, Tülin, Aslan, Uğur, Dinç, Uğur, Say Coşkun, Umut Safiye, Çetinkol, Yeliz, Keskin, Yusuf, Ayaydın, Zeynep, and Aşçı Toraman, Zulal
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Viral Yük ,HBV DNA ,HCV RNA ,Dış Kalite Kontrol ,External Quality Control ,Viral Load - Abstract
Ülkemizde, moleküler mikrobiyoloji tanı laboratuvarlarında yapılan HBV DNA ve HCV RNA viral yük saptama testlerinin ulusal bir dış kalite kontrol programında değerlendirilmesi amacıyla MOTAKK (Moleküler Tanıda Kalite Kontrol) Ulusal Programı başlatılmıştır. ISO 17043:2010 (Uygunluk değerlendirmesi- Yeterlilik deneyi için genel şartlar) standartlarına uyularak hazırlanan bu program, ülkemizde yapılan moleküler tanı testlerinin, daha standart ve doğru yapılmasına katkıda bulunarak, yurt dışından sağlanan dış kalite kontrol (DKK) programlarının yerini almayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, MOTAKK DKK Programı kapsamındaki HBV DNA ve HCV RNA viral yük 2015 ve 2016 sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan çağrılar MOTAKK web sayfası (www.motakk.org) üzerinden ilan edilmiştir. Web sayfası üzerinden kayıt olan katılımcı laboratuvarlara, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında birer kalite kontrol paneli gönderilmiştir. Çevrimlerde kullanılan paneller, HBV, HCV, HIV, HAV, Parvovirüs B19 ve CMV serolojik belirteçleri negatif olan plazma ile dilüsyon yapılan değişik viral yüklere sahip örnekler ile hazırlanmış, negatif örneklerle beraber soğuk zincirde katılımcı laboratuvarlara ulaştırılmıştır. Laboratuvarlar ilgili testleri 2-3 hafta içerisinde sonuçlandırarak, MOTAKK web sayfasına sonuçlarını girmiştir. MOTAKK tarafından geliştirilen bir yazılım ile katılımcı laboratuvarların sonuçları ISO 13528’e uygun olarak analiz edilerek sonuç raporları oluşturulmuş ve web sayfasına yüklenerek katılımcılara iletilmiştir. Katılımcılar, çalışma sonucunu diğer laboratuvar sonuçları ile karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirme imkanına sahip olmuş ve referans değerlere ve ortalama sonuçla ilgili farklılıkları görerek kullandıkları testleri tekrar değerlendirmiştir. HBV DNA ve HCV RNA DKK programına, 2015-2016 yıllarında 70-73 laboratuvar katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, program araçlarına yüksek uyum göstererek kayıt, sonuç girme ve sonuç raporlarının alınmasını aksaksız olarak gerçekleştirmişlerdir. HBV panelinde; 2015 yılında katılımcı laboratuvarların %72.6-89.1’inin, 2016 yılında ise %84.7-90.3’ünün 1 standart sapma (SS) aralığında yer aldığı görülmüştür. HCV panelinde ise; katılımcıların %70.8-89.1’i 1 SS’de, ikinci çağrının yapıldığı 2016 yılında ise, %84.7-90.3’ünün 1 SS’nin içerisinde yer aldığı görülmüştür. Bu proje ile Türkiye’de HBV DNA ve HCV RNA ile ilgili ilk kez ulusal bir DKK programı hazırlanmış ve başarıyla uygulanmıştır. MOTAKK, DKK programı sonuç raporlarında sağlanan bilgiler, yurt dışından sağlanan kalite kontrol programı sonuç raporlarının sağladığı tüm bilgileri karşılamakta; ek olarak kullanılan teknolojilerin ve ticari ürünlerin sağlıklı karşılaştırmalarına olanak sağlamaktadır. MOTAKK, as a national external quality control program has been launched to evaluate the molecular detection of viral infections including HBV DNA and HCV RNA in molecular microbiology diagnostic laboratories in Turkey. This program is prepared in compliance with ISO 17043:2010 (Conformity assessment general requirements for proficiency testing) standards, and aims to take the place of external quality control programs from abroad, contributing to standardization and accuracy of molecular diagnostic tests in our country. The aim of this study was to evaluate 2015 and 2016 results of the MOTAKK External Quality Control Program for HBV DNA and HCV RNA viral load . The calls were announced on the web page of MOTAKK (www.motakk.org). The quality control samples were sent to participating laboratories in 2015 and 2016. Main stocks were prepared from patients with chronic hepatitis B and C who had viral load detection with reference methods according to WHO reference materials for viral load studies to improve quality control sera. From these main stocks, samples with different viral loads were prepared from dilutions of plasma with HBV, HCV, HAV, HIV, Parvovirus B19 and CMV negative serologic markers. Quality control samples were sent to the participating laboratories along with the negative samples in the cold chain. The laboratories accomplished the related tests within 2-3 weeks and entered their results on the MOTAKK web page. These results were analysed according to ISO 13528 (Statistical methods for use in proficiency testing by interlaboratory comparison) and scoring reports were created by a software developed by MOTAKK and sent to participating labs. Each laboratory evaluated their own results in comparison with the other laboratory results, reassessed the tests via observing the distance from the mean result and the reference values. The number of laboratories participating in the HBV DNA and HCV RNA external quality control program was 70-73 in 2015-2016. Participants were able to comply with the program tools, registering, entering results and receiving the results reports without problem. In HBV panel, 72.6-89.1% and 84.7-90.3% of the participant laboratories were in 1 standard deviation (SD) in 2015-2016, respectively. In HCV panel, 70.8-89.1% and 84.7-90.3% of the participant laboratories were in 1 SD in 2015-2016, respectively. A national external quality control program for HBV DNA and HCV RNA in Turkey has been prepared for the first time with this project and implemented successfully. All the data provided in the MOTAKK external quality control program final report, compensate all the data provided by the quality control program final reports from abroad; additionally, the report allows comparison of used technologies and commercial products.
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- 2018
7. Evaluation of Respiratory Pathogens Isolated in a University Hospital in Adana and Their Antibiotic Resistance Profiles
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Altay Koçak, Aylin, primary, Yayla, Buket, additional, Üsküdar Güçlü, Aylin, additional, Mirza, Hasan Cenk, additional, Hortaç İştar, Elvan, additional, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional, and Başustaoğlu, Ahmet, additional
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- 2019
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8. Listeriosis in a Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Tekkarışmaz, Nihan, primary, Özelsancak, Rüya, additional, Torun, Dilek, additional, and Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional
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- 2017
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9. Antibiotic resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae isolated from respiratory tract specimens
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Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, primary, Çolakoğlu, Şule, additional, and Göçmen, Julide Sedef, additional
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- 2016
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10. Evaluation of Risk factors of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida Candidemia in a Tertiary-Care Hospital for Three Years.
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Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, primary, Bozkırlı, Emine Duygu, additional, Çolakoğlu, Şule, additional, and Demirbilek, Müge, additional
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- 2016
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11. Evaluation of 28 cases of mucormycosis
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Kursun, Ebru, primary, Turunc, Tuba, additional, Demiroglu, Yusuf Ziya, additional, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, additional, and Arslan, Ayşe Hande, additional
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- 2015
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12. Solunum yolu örneklerinden izole edilen streptococcus pneumoniae ve haemophilus influenzae suşlarının antibiyotiklere dirençlerinin belirlenmesi.
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Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, Çolakoğlu, Şule, and Göçmen, Jülide Sedef
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Purpose: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are two of the major pathogens in respiratory infections, treatment is usually started empirically. The aim of this study was to detect in vitro resistance rates of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae strains isolated from different lower respiratory clinical samples to the antibotics which are used for therapy of infections due to these pathogens. Material and Methods: Seventy seven S.pneumoniae and 117 H.influenzae strains, isolated from patients were included in the study. S.pneumoniae isolates which gave an inhibition zone diameter of >20 mm for oxacillin were considered susceptible for penicilin. For the isolates which had an oxacillin zone diameter of <20 mm, MIC values of penicillin and cefotaxime were obtained by E-test method (bioMerieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France). Results: Of 77 S.pneumoniae isolates, 24.6 % were resistant (MIC>2 mg/l) and 31.1 % were intermediately resistant to parenteral penicillin. Resistance rates to antibiotics were as follows: erythromycin 40 %, trimethoprim/sulphametoxazole (TMP/SMX) 54.5 % and ofloxacin 6.4%. β-lactamases were detected in 15.6% of the H.influenzae isolates by nitrocefin positivity. Conclusion: H.influenzae strains (8.6%) were identified as β-lactamase negative ampicillin resistant (BLNAR) strains. Resistance rates for other antibiotics were as follows: ampicillin 28.6%, cefaclor 36.5%, cefuroxime 30.1%, clarithromycin 9.6%, cloramphenicol 7% and TMP-SMX 43.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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13. Early Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Causative Microorganisms.
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Yabanoğlu, Hakan, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, Çalışkan, Kenan, Arer, İlker, Akdur, Aydıncan, Yıldırım, Sedat, Moray, Gökhan, and Haberal, Mehmet
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- 2015
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14. Tunnelled Central Venous Catheter-Related Problems in the Early Phase of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Effects on Transplant Outcome.
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Yeral, Mahmut, Boğa, Can, Oğuzkurt, Levent, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, Özdoğu, Hakan, and Demiroğlu, Yusuf Ziya
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CATHETERIZATION complications ,CHI-squared test ,HEMATOPOIETIC stem cell transplantation ,T-test (Statistics) ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,CROSS-sectional method ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,CENTRAL venous catheterization ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MANN Whitney U Test - Abstract
Copyright of Turkish Journal of Hematology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2015
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15. Posakonazol ile Tedavi Edilen Rinoserebral Mukormikoz Olgusu.
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Demiroğlu, Yusuf Ziya, Turunç, Tuba, Erkan, Alper Nabi, Alkan, Özlem, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, Çolakoğlu, Şule, and Arslan, Hande
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MUCORMYCOSIS ,AMPHOTERICIN B ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ,CELLULITIS ,THERAPEUTICS ,QUALITATIVE research ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Copyright of Klimik Journal / Klimik Dergisi is the property of DOC Design & Informatics Co. Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2010
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16. Aspiration of an interesting foreign body: Myiasis.
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İnce, Emine, Oğuzkurt, Pelin, Gezer, Hasan Özkan, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, and Hiçsönmez, Akgün
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Myiasis is a rare condition caused by the invasion of tissues by the larvae of flies. Many cases of myiasis involving various human organs have been reported. Tracheopulmonary or intratracheal myiasis is a very unusual and aberrant form of the disease in humans. We present a case of respiratory myiasis after aspiration of larvae by a healthy 8-month-old girl, which cannot be found in the English literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
17. Çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilmiş metisiline duyarlı Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ve metisiline dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) suşlarının biyofilm oluşturma özelliklerinin konvansiyonel ve moleküler yöntemlerle araştırılması
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Hortaç İştar, Elvan, Alışkan, Hikmet Eda, and Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı
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Staphylococcus aureus ,Methicillin ,Biofilm systems ,Genes ,Mikrobiyoloji ,Biofilms ,Staphylococcal infections ,Microbiology - Abstract
Son yıllarda cerrahi girişimlerin, immünsüprese hasta ve kullanılan implant sayısının artmasıyla birlikte biyofilm kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar giderek daha ciddi bir sağlık sorunu haline gelmiştir. Biyofilm kaynaklı enfeksiyonların en sık etkenlerinden biri Staphylococcus aureus'tur. Biyofilm kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar bu bakterinin sahip olduğu metisilin direnciyle birleştiğinde uygun tedavi protokolü belirlemek son derece güç olmaktadır.Çalışmada farklı klinik örneklerden izole edilmiş enfeksiyon etkeni olan metisiline duyarlı ve dirençli S. aureus'ların biyofilm oluşturma potansiyelini ve bu açıdan aralarındaki farkı gözlemlemek; biyofilm varlığının tespitinde kullanılacak kolay uygulanabilir, güvenilir ve etkin yöntemleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı'na gönderilen yara, kan ve kateter örneklerinden izole edilmiş toplam 200 S. aureus suşu (100 adet MRSA, 100 adet MSSA) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Tüm suşların biyofilm oluşumu modifiye Christensen, MTT, BioTimer ve Congo Red Agar yöntemleri ile incelenmiş, ayrıca biyofilm oluşumundan sorumlu ica operon varlığına PZR ile bakılmıştır. Tüm suşlarda biyofilm oluşturma oranları ve biyofilm gen bölgeleri araştırılmış, dirençli ve duyarlı suşlar ile kan ve yara izolatları arasındaki farklılıkların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca uygulanan tüm biyofilm tespit yöntemlerinin birbiriyle uyumu incelenmiştir.Çalışmada metisilin dirençli suşların duyarlı suşlara göre hem daha kısa sürede hem de daha yüksek oranda biyofilm oluşturduğu, ayrıca oluşturdukları biyofilm yapısının daha yoğun olduğu gösterilmiştir. Kan ve yara izolatları arasında biyofilm oluşumu açısından istatistiksel bir fark bulunmadığı görülmüştür.Moleküler yöntem referans olarak alındığında kullanılan konvansiyonel yöntemlerden en duyarlı yöntemin %84 ile MTT yöntemi olduğu, bunu %82,4 ile modifiye Christensen yönteminin izlediği görülmüştür. Biyofilm tespitinde kullanılan en özgül yöntemin ise %86,7 ile BioTimer yöntemi olduğu, ikinci sırayı ise %81,3 ile modifiye Christensen yönteminin aldığı görülmüştür. Konvansiyonel yöntemler ile moleküler yöntem karşılaştırıldığında kullanılan konvansiyonel yöntemlerde tespit edilen biyofilm varlığı ile PZR'deki ica pozitifliği arasında istatistiksel olarak bir fark görülmemiştir. Buna ek olarak ica gen pozitiflik sayısı arttıkça bakterilerin biyofilm oluşturma eğiliminin arttığı görülmüştür.Bu bulgulara göre MRSA gibi daha virülan suşların biyofilm oluşturma eğiliminin daha yüksek olduğu ve bu iki direnç mekanizmasının birbirini sürekli destekler nitelikte olduğu görülmüştür.Moleküler yöntemlerin kullanılabilirliğinin mümkün olduğu durumlarda ica gen bölgesinin tespitinin tek başına bile virulan - nonvirulan suş ayrımı yapmada önemli bir ayıraç olduğu, ica varlığının tespitinin hastayla ilgili alınan tedavi kararlarında, korunma stratejilerinin belirlenmesinde ve biyofilm kaynaklı enfeksiyonlarla mücadelede erken bir belirteç olabileceği görülmüştür.Moleküler yöntemlerin kullanılamadığı durumlarda biyofilm varlığının tespitinde kullanılacak hızlı sonuç veren, kolay uygulanabilir ve güvenilir konvansiyonel yöntemlerin varlığı son derece önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmamızda kullanılan tüm konvansiyonel yöntemler bu açıdan yeterli gözükmektedir. Modifiye Christensen ve MTT yöntemleri biyofilm kantitasyonu da yapması açısından konvansiyonel yöntemler arasında ön plana çıkmaktadır. BioTimer yöntemi ise biyofilm varlığının tespitinde kullanılan çok yeni ve dikkat çekici bir testtir.Sonuç olarak kolonizasyon veya enfeksiyon etkeni olarak belirlenen bakterilerin biyofilm oluşturma potansiyelini belirlemek ve girişimsel işlemlerden önce bu bakterilere yönelik gereken tedbirleri almak biyofilm kaynaklı enfeksiyonları ve buna bağlı morbidite ve mortaliteyi azaltacaktır. Biofilm-related infections have become an increasingly serious health problem with the increasing number of surgical procedures, immunocompromised patients and the number of implants used in recent years. One of the most common causes of biofilm-related infections is Staphylococcus aureus. When biofilm-related infections combine with the methicillin resistance of this bacteria, it would be extremely difficult to determine the appropriate treatment protocol.The aim of the study was to determine the biofilm formation potential of methicillin-susceptible and resistant S. aureus, which is isolated from different clinical specimens, and to determine the difference between them in this regard and also to determine easily applicable, reliable and effective biofilm detection methods to be used.A total of 200 S. aureus strains (100 MRSA, 100 MSSA) isolated from wound, blood and catheter samples which were sent to the Başkent University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were included in the study. Biofilm formation of all strains was examined by modified Christensen, MTT, BioTimer and Congo Red Agar methods, and the presence of ica operon responsible for biofilm formation was also identified by PCR. Biofilm formation rates and biofilm gene segments were sought to determine the differences between resistant and susceptible strains, blood and wound isolates in all strains. In addition, compatibility of all biofilm detection methods that were applied was examined.Studies have shown that methicillin-resistant strains produce biofilms in a shorter time and at a higher rate than susceptible strains, as well as the biofilm structure, which was produced by methicilin-resistant strains, was more intense. There was no statistical difference between blood and wound isolates in terms of biofilm formation.When the molecular method is accepted as a reference, the most sensitive conventional method was MTT method with a sensitivity of 84%, followed by the modified Christensen method with a sensitivity of 82.4%. The most specific method used for biofilm detection was BioTimer method with a specificity of 86.7% and the second method was the modified Christensen method with a specifity of 81.3%. When comparing the molecular methods with conventional methods; there was no statistically significant difference between the presence of biofilm detected in the conventional methods used and the ica positivity in the PCR. In addition as the number of ica gene positivity increases, the tendency of bacteria to form biofilm increases.These findings suggest that more virulent strains, such as MRSA, have a higher propensity to biofilm formation and that these two mechanisms of resistance support each other.Where the availability of molecular methods is possible, the detection of the ica gene region alone has been found to be an important reagent for discriminating virulent-nonvirulent strains and it has been shown that detection of the presence of a ica may be an early marker of patient-related treatment decisions, identification of protection strategies, and struggle with biofilm-related infections.In cases where molecular methods cannot be used, the existence of fast-acting, easy-to-apply and reliable conventional methods to detect the presence of biofilms is of paramount importance. All conventional methods used in our work seem to be sufficient in this respect. Modified Christensen and MTT methods are at the forefront of conventional methods because of their ability to make biofilm quantitation. On the other hand BioTimer method is a very new and remarkable test used in the detection of biofilm presence.As a result; determining the potential for biofilm formation of bacteria identified as colonizing or infecting and to take the necessary precautions for these bacteria prior to interventional procedures will reduce biofilm-related infections and associated morbidity and mortality. 108
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- 2018
18. [Determination of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Genotype Prevalance and Distrubution in Adana: A Hospital-Based Study Between 2014-2021].
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Alışkan HE, Öğüç Şanlı Ö, Aka Bolat F, Alkaş Yağınç D, and Toprak U
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- Retrospective Studies, Alphapapillomavirus, Human papillomavirus 18, Human papillomavirus 6, Vaginal Smears, DNA, Viral genetics, Female, Human Papillomavirus Viruses, Genotype, Humans, Papanicolaou Test, Papillomaviridae genetics, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Papillomavirus Infections epidemiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women all over the world. It is accepted that cervical cancer is highly related to the HPV. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified 13 HPV types as group 1 carcinogens (HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 66), which are commonly referred to as high risk-HPVs (hr-HPVs). Among these, hr-HPV-16 is undoubtedly the most carcinogenic based in the burden of cervical cancer (CC) and its precursor lesions. In our study, we analyzed retrospectively the data of a total of 2329 female patients who applied to the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic of our hospital over a seven-year-period, whose cervical smear were carried out by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cytology. In this study, it was aimed to determine the data of of HPV prevalence in our region during the seven-year-period from April 2014 to April 2021 and the most common genotypes and to interpret them together with the cervical smears cytology and biopsy results if it is available. HPV 3, 6, 11, 16, 18, 21, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 66, 67, 68, 70, 72, 73, 81, 82, 83, 84 were identified by using linear array HPV genotyping test (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland) from April 2014 to October 2017. HPV genotypes were identified by using HPV Genotypes 14 Real-TM Quant (Qiagen, Germany) between October 2017 and April 2021. This method detected HPV genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 25.0) predictive analytics software. Continuous variables are indicated as mean ± standard deviation, and discrete variables are indicated as number [percentage (%)]. Chi-square test is used to investigate dependencies between variables. All analyzes were evaluated to provide 95% confidence level and 80% test power. p<0.05 was accepted as significant for the analysis results. Out of 2329 patients, 1283 were found to be HPV negative (54.6%) and the others were found to be HPV positive (45.4%) by using real-time PCR in the cervical smears. It was detected that out of 1046 HPV positive patients, 585 of them (55.9%) had one HPV genotype and 461 of them (44.1%) had more than one HPV genotypes. As we divided all of the patients into two groups as <30 (Group I) ve > 30 (Group II) according to age range, HPV positivity was found 134/296 (45.2%) in Group I and 912/2033 (44.8%) in Group II. When we compared the HPV positive/negative results of Groups I and II by using chi-square test, no significant difference was found between the two age groups in terms of HPV positivity (p= 0.894). In our study, the most common HPV types were HPV 16 (14.2%), HPV 68 (8.2%), HPV 56 (8.2%), HPV 52 (7.1%), HPV 51 (6.8%), HPV 31 (6.5%), HPV 66(6.1%), HPV 39 (5.8%) and HPV 18 (5.6%) among the women with normal and abnormal cytology in the cervical smears. ASC-US was the most common abnormal epithelial cell change detected with HPV16 and 18 genotypes and it was detected 26.07% and 21.88% in patients, respectively. In our study, we found HPV prevalance in our region as 45.4% and the most common type was HPV 16. As a result, we concluded that it is important to determine regional HPV prevalance data, which is an important step in cervical cancer prevention strategies, and regional data of detected HPV genotypes.
- Published
- 2023
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19. Evaluation of extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacteremia among solid-organ transplant recipients: a multicenter study
- Author
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Yanık Yalçın T, Azap Ö, Köse A, Bayındır Y, Sarıcaoğlu EM, Çınar G, Uygun Kızmaz Y, Kurşun E, Alışkan HE, Tezer Tekçe Y, Eren Kutsoylu OÖ, Egeli T, Arı A, Albayrak Y, Çabadak H, Deniz S, Demir Önder K, Kızılateş F, Özger S, Güzel Tunçcan Ö, and Haberal M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Bacteremia diagnosis, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Female, Gram-Negative Bacteria isolation & purification, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections epidemiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Transplant Recipients, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bacteremia epidemiology, Gram-Negative Bacteria drug effects, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections drug therapy, Organ Transplantation adverse effects
- Abstract
Background/aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the distribution, sources, clinical features, and mortality rates of bacteremia due to evaluation of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) gram negative among solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients., Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of SOT recipients with bacteremia due to XDR gram-negative pathogens in 11 centers between 2016 and 2018 was conducted. Patients’ records were evaluated., Results: Of 171 bacteremia that occurred in 164 SOT recipients, 93 (56.7%) were liver, 46 (28%) kidney, 14 (8.5%) heart, and 11 (6.7%) lung recipients. Bacteremia episodes were recorded in the first year in 63.7% of the patients (n = 109), early-onset bacteremia was recorded in 45% (n = 77) of the episodes. In multivariate analysis, catheter-associated bacteremia was an independent risk factor for 7-day mortality (p = 0.037), and early-onset bacteremia was found as an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality (p = 0.017)., Conclusion: Difficult-to-treat infections due to XDR bacteria in SOT recipients shadow the success of transplantation. Central venous catheters seem to be the main risk factor. Judicious use of medical devices is of pivotal importance., (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
- Published
- 2021
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20. [Determination of Biofilm Formation Properties of Methicillin Sensitive and Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates by Conventional and Molecular Methods].
- Author
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Hortaç İştar E, Alışkan HE, and Başustaoğlu A
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Humans, Methicillin pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Biofilms, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus physiology, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Staphylococcus aureus physiology
- Abstract
Biofilm-related infections are considered as among the foremost causes of treatment failure nowadays. One of the most common causes of biofilm-related infections is Staphylococcus aureus. It becomes extremely difficult to determine the appropriate treatment protocol while biofilm-related infections are coexisting with bacterial methicillin resistance. The aim of this study was to observe the potential of biofilm formation of methicillin-sensitive and -resistant S.aureus strains isolated from different clinical specimens and to determine reliable and effective methods for biofilm detection. A total of 200 S.aureus strains (100 methicillin-resistant and 100 methicillin-susceptible) isolated from 107 wound, 93 blood and catheter specimens, which were accepted as causative agents, included in the study. In order to determine the methicillin sensitivity, oxacillin minimal inhibitory concentration value obtained by an automated system and cefoxitin disc diffusion method were evaluated together. Biofilm formation was investigated by modified Christensen (MC), MTT, BioTimer and Congo Red Agar (CRA) methods, and the presence of ica operon responsible for biofilm formation was also observed by polymerase chain reaction. It has been shown that methicillin-resistant isolates produce biofilms in a shorter time and higher rate, and their biofilm structure is denser than methicillin-sensitive isolates in all MC, MTT and BioTimer methods. There was no difference between blood and wound isolates in biofilm formation. The most sensitive and specific conventional methods were MTT and BioTimer methods respectively. There was no significant difference between the isolates containing a gene region of icaADBC operon and the biofilm forming isolates according to MC, MTT, BioTimer and CCA methods. There was a high correlation between the presence of biofilm and ica positivity, and the tendency to form biofilm augmented as the number of ica genes increased. It has been emphasized that more virulent strains such as methicillin-resistant S.aureus have a higher tendency to form biofilm, and these two resistance mechanisms have been shown to support each other as cascade. ica detection may be an important reagent in itself for the detection of virulent strains, thus detection of the ica presence may be an early marker of treatment decisions, determination of protection strategies, and struggle with biofilm-related infections. In cases where molecular methods are not available, the existence of quick, easy-to-apply and reliable conventional methods to detect biofilm formation is extremely important. All conventional methods used in this study seem to be sufficient in this respect. MC and MTT methods stand out in terms of biofilm quantitation. BioTimer method is a very new and remarkable test used to detect biofilm formation. In conclusion, determining the potential of biofilm formation of colonizing or causative agents and taking essential precautions before interventional procedures will decrease biofilm related infections and related morbidity and mortality.
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- 2020
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21. [Results of a multicenter study investigating plasmid mediated colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) in clinical Enterobacteriaceae ısolates from Turkey].
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Sarı AN, Süzük S, Karatuna O, Öğünç D, Karakoç AE, Çizmeci Z, Alışkan HE, Cömert F, Bakıcı MZ, Akpolat N, Çilli FF, Zer Y, Karataş A, Akgün Karapınar B, Bayramoğlu G, Özdamar M, Kalem F, Delialioğlu N, Aktaş E, Yılmaz N, Gürcan Ş, and Gülay Z
- Subjects
- Enterobacteriaceae drug effects, Enterobacteriaceae isolation & purification, Humans, Turkey, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Colistin pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Enterobacteriaceae genetics, R Factors
- Abstract
Colistin is a polymyxin antibiotic which is considered as one of the last line agents against infections due to multidrug resistant or carbapenem resistant gram-negative pathogens. Colistin resistance is associated with chromosomal alterations which can usually cause mutations in genes coding specific two component regulator systems. The first plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1 was described in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in December 2015 and followed by another plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-2 in 2016. The rapid and interspecies dissemination of plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms through horizontal gene transfer, have made these genes considerably threatening. After the first reports, although mcr-1/mcr-2 producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates have been reported from many countries, there have been no reports from Turkey. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of mcr-1/mcr-2 in clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates from different parts of our country. A total of 329 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from 22 laboratories were collected which were isolated between March, 2015 and February, 2016. mcr-1/mcr-2 were investigated by polymerase chain reaction during February-March, 2016. Two hundred and seventeen of Klebsiella pneumoniae (66%), 75 of Salmonella spp. (22.8%), 31 of Esherichia coli (9.4%), 3 of Enterobacter cloacae (0.9%), 2 of Klebsiella oxytoca (0.6%) and 1 of Enterobacter aerogenes (0.3%) isolates were included to the study. Agarose gel electrophoresis results of PCR studies have shown expected band sizes for positive control isolates as 309 bp for mcr-1 and 567 bp for mcr-2. However, the presence of mcr-1/mcr-2 genes was not detected among the tested study isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. Although mcr-1/mcr-2 were not detected in our study isolates, it is highly important to understand the mechanism of resistance dissemination and determine the resistant isolates by considering that colistin is a last-line antibiotic against infections of multidrug or carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacteria. Thus, it is suggested that these mechanisms should be followed-up in both clinical and non-clinical (e.g. isolates from food animals, raw meats and environment) isolates of special populations.
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- 2017
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22. [Evaluation of the ChromID ESBL agar for the detection of ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus isolates from urine cultures].
- Author
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Alışkan HE, Colakoğlu S, Turunç T, and Demiroğlu YZ
- Subjects
- Agar chemistry, Culture Media chemistry, Enterobacteriaceae drug effects, Enterobacteriaceae enzymology, Enterobacteriaceae Infections microbiology, Enterobacteriaceae Infections urine, Enterococcus drug effects, Enterococcus enzymology, Enterococcus isolation & purification, Urinary Tract Infections microbiology, Urinary Tract Infections urine, Agar standards, Culture Media standards, Enterobacteriaceae isolation & purification, Urine microbiology, Vancomycin Resistance, beta-Lactamases metabolism
- Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains are frequent causative agents both in community-acquired infections and in nosocomial infections. The newly developed ChromID ESBL agar (bioMerieux, Marcy I'Etoile, France) is a chromogenic medium that helps rapid identification of ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae species from the clinical samples. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of ChromID ESBL agar in the rapid identification of ESBL-positive pathogens from the urine samples of the patients with urinary tract infections. A total of 672 urine samples (437 outpatients, 235 inpatients) were included in the study. All of the samples were inoculated simultaneously to 5% sheep blood agar, McConkey agar and ChromID ESBL agar media, and evaluated after incubation at 37°C for 18-24 hours. Gram-negative pathogens were tested for ESBL both by the standard combined double-disk diffusion (CDD) method using ceftazidime and cefotaxime disks and by doubledisk synergy (DDS) test. Among 672 urine cultures, 199 yielded microbial growth in routine media (sheep blood agar and/or McConkey agar), whereas 57 yielded bacterial growth in ChromID ESBL agar. When CDD method was accepted as the reference method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for ChromID ESBL agar for the detection of ESBL-positive bacteria in urinary tract infections were estimated as 97%, 92.9%, 89.1%, and 98.1%, respectively. Additionally, we also discovered that Chrom ID ESBL agar could detect vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) as well as ESBL-positive bacteria, in our study. In order to investigate this observation we inoculated a total of 203 stock strains of Enterococcus spp. (118 vancomycin-sensitive, 85 vancomycin-resistant) to this medium. None of the vancomycinsensitive Enterococcus spp. did grow in ChromID ESBL medium, while 83 of the 85 resistant isolates (97.6%) did grow in the medium. As a result, it was concluded that ChromID ESBL agar medium was advantageous since it led to the growth of VRE and ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae isolates in different colors and helped in early identification of these two problematic bacteria. We thought that especially early detection of VRE will accelerate the establishment of necessary measures to prevent the nosocomial spread of this microorganism.
- Published
- 2012
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