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This study aimed to determine the association of body composition (BC) with leg strength, balance capacity, and drop jump ability in capoeira athletes. A total of 10 male (age: 26.5±2.6 years) and 5 female (age: 25.0±2.9 years) capoeira athletes participated in this study. BC measurement of the participants was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Performance measurements consisted of 30º, 60º, 90º leg strength measurement, anterior-posterior balance, medial-lateral balance capacity measurement, and drop jumps from heights of 20 (DJ20), 40 (DJ40), and 50 cm (DJ50). Reactive strength index (RSI) was calculated as jump height/contact time (mm·ms-1). Statistical results showed that there was no significant association between BC with balance (p > 0.05). Fat-free mass (FFM) was found to be correlated with RSI for DJ20 (r = 0.52; p = 0.049) and DJ40 (r = 0.66; p = 0.01), while there was a negative association between fat mass (FM) with DJ40 (r = -0.65; p = 0.01) and DJ50 (r = -0.59; p = 0.02). In addition, FM was negatively associated with 90º right leg strength (r = -0.59; p = 0.02), 90º left leg strength (r = -0.62; p =0.01), and 60º left leg strength (r = -0.57; p = 0.03), while there was a positive association between FFM and 90º right leg strength (r = 0.59; p = 0.02). As a result, FM and lean mass (LM) exert profound effects on leg strength and drop jump ability, while BC doesn’t seem to affect balance capacity in capoeira athletes, showing that possessing low FM and high LM likely leads to better athletic performance in capoeira athletes., This study aimed to determine the association of body composition (BC) with muscle strength, drop jump and balance ability in Capoeira athletes. A total of 10 males (age: 26.5±2.6 years) and 5 females (age: 25.0±2.9 years) Capoeira athletes volunteered to participate in this study. BC measurement of participants, including total and regional BC, was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Performance measurements consisted of 30º, 60º, 90º leg strength, anterior-posterior balance, medial-lateral balance and drop jumps from a 20 cm drop-height (DJ20), 40 cm drop-height (DJ40) and 50 cm drop-height (DJ50). Reactive strength index (RSI) was calculated as jump height/contact time (mm·ms-1). The statistical results showed that there was no significant association of BC with balance (p>0.05). Fat-free mass (FFM) was found to be correlated with RSI from DJ20 (r=0.52; p=0.049) and DJ40 (r=0.66; p=0.01), while there was a negative association between fat mass (FM) and drop jump from DJ40 (r=-0.65; p=0.01) and DJ50 (r=-0.59; p=0.02). In addition, FM was found to be negatively associated with 90º right leg strength (r=-0.59; p=0.02), 90º left leg strength (r=-0.62; p=0.01) and 60º left leg strength (r=-0.57; p=0.03). There was a positive association between FFM and 90º right leg strength (r=0.59; p=0.02). As a result, FM and LM exert profound effects on leg strength and drop jump performance, while BC doesn’t seem to affect balance ability in Capoeira athletes. It is likely that possessing low FM and high LM leads to better athletic performance in Capoeira athletes.

Yaygınlığıgiderek artan otizm spektrum bozuklukları; sosyal etkileşimde belirgin farklıtutumlar, takıntılı ve tekrarlanan davranışlar, motor becerileri iyikullanamama gibi birçok semptom ile karakterize nörolojik bir hastalıktır.Otizmde anormal beslenme alışkanlıkları, besin tüketiminde seçicilik ve gastrointestinalsistem problemleri gibi beslenme problemleri de görülmektedir. Ayrıca otizmde mikrobiyotada sağlıklı bireylere göre farklıdır. Bu nedenle görülen semptomları azaltmakiçin beslenme tedavilerinin uygulanması elzemdir. Vitamin ve mineraltakviyeleri, probiyotik takviyesi,ketojenik diyet, glutensiz kazeinsiz diyet en çok tercih edilen ve otizmdegörülen semptomları azalttığı gösterilen beslenme tedavilerindendir. Bu derlemede,otizmde görülen beslenme ile ilgili sorunlar ve güncel beslenme tedavilerininetkisini araştıran yayınlar değerlendirilereközetlenmiştir., With an increasing prevalence, autism spectrum disorders are neurological disordersthat characterized by a number of symptoms such as significantly different attitudes insocial interactions and communication, repetitive and obsessively behaviors, andinability to use motor skills. In addition, nutritional problems such as abnormal eatinghabits, sensitivity to food texture, selectivity in food consumption, and gastrointestinalproblems are also accompanied. Besides, microbiota of patients with autism seems tobe different when compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, nutritional treatmentapplications are essential for reducing the symptoms and to replace nutritionaldeficiencies. The most preferred nutritional therapies that have been shown to reducethe symptoms in autism are vitamin, mineral, and probiotic supplements, ketogenicdiet, gluten-free and casein-free diets. Since nutritional treatments don’t show the sameeffect in every autistic child, nutritional therapy should be applied specific to theindividual. This review summarizes the literature that investigate nutritional problemsand the effects of current nutritional treatments in autism.

Purpose: Due to the character of the chess game, the players' participation in physical activities is limited as they practice sitting for a long time (3-4 hours/day) during the day. This may increase the risk of overweight/obesity and related chronic diseases by increasing the sedentary lifestyle for chess players. The aim of this study is to compare the total and regional body composition components of elite chess players with body mass index (BMI), age and sex-matched controls. Individuals and Methods: 12 A-National chess players (age: 24.9±5.9 years; BMI: 23.5±2.8 kg/m2) and 12 control participants (age: 24.6±1.6 years; BMI: 23.5±3.3 kg/m2) were included in the study. . Body composition was measured with a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry device. In the comparison of chess and control groups, t-test analysis was used in independent groups. Results:Compared to the control group, chess players had higher total fat mass, visceral fat mass and fat ratio; lean soft tissue mass and bone mass were found to be lower, but these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Total fat ratio of female chess players was similar to that of the control group (p>0.05), and visceral fat mass was lower (p=0.015). Although male chess players had lower lean soft tissue and higher fat ratio compared to the control group, no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). Although the regional fat ratios (arm, trunk, leg, android, gynoid) of chess players in both genders were higher than the control group, this finding was not statistically significant (p>0.05). When body fat and muscle level indicators are evaluated, Although male chess players had higher fat mass index, lower total and appendicular lean soft tissue mass index compared to the control group, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Fat mass index and appendicular lean soft tissue mass index values ​​in female chess players were similar to the control group (p>0.05), while lean soft tissue mass index was found to be lower (p=0.022). Conclusion: Total and regional body composition components of A national chess players evaluated in this study are similar to equivalent controls in terms of BMI, age and gender.