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The aim is to investigate how Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells conditioned medium (UC-MSC-CM) can promote wound healing and epithelial barrier function. UC-MSCs were differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes to determine their multipotency. Flow cytometric analyses confirmed positive surface markers (CD90, CD73, CD105) and the absence of negative markers (CD34, CD11b, CD19, HLA_DR). We prepared conditioned medium (CM) from these cells. UC-MSC CM was tested in in vitro wound healing experiments using scratch assays and transepithelial electrical resistance measurements at 6th, 12th, and 24th hours to assess its regenerative effects. UC-MSCs were found to be multipotent in the characterization and differentiation analysis, demonstrating their potential for use in regenerative medicine. In our wound model design, UC-MSC-CM significantly accelerated the healing process 75% and 92.7% at 12 and 24 hours respectively compared to the control group. According to TEER analyzes epithelial barrier resistance showed 200 O.cm2 with UC-MSC-CM healing process at the 12th and 24th hours while the control group showed 145 O.cm2 and 185 O.cm2 at the same time points, respectively. The study demonstrates the potential of UC-MSCs in repairing epithelial barriers and wound injuries. The UC-MSCCM accelerates wound closure as the healing process advances and enhances barrier integrity and permeability. These findings highlight UC-MSC-CM as a cell-free therapy for regenerative medicine and wound healing. Further research should focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms and optimizing its therapeutic applications to revolutionize wound management and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare dental plaque scores obtained through clinical examinations and various imaging techniques, as well as to assess the effectiveness of herbal and conventional toothpastes for plaque removal. Materials and Methods: Thirty volunteers were divided into 3 groups. Each group was given a different toothpaste (from 2 herbal toothpastes and a conventional toothpaste) with which to brush their teeth for 21 days. Both initially and after brushing, dental plaque samples were collected, and plaque on the buccal surfaces of anterior teeth was scored using several imaging systems after staining with a disclosing agent. Specifically, digital dental photography, intraoral digital scanning, and FluoreCam imaging were employed to capture intraoral images. The Turesky Modified QuigleyHein Plaque Index was used for clinical examination and image analysis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and correlational assessments between clinical examination and imaging scores were conducted before and after toothpaste use. The Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson correlations were utilized. Results: The lowest mean value was observed in the clinical examination without staining, while the highest was obtained using the FluoreCam method. No significant change was found in the level of any microorganism assessed following toothpaste use (P<0.05), with the exception of a decrease in S. mutans levels after using conventional toothpaste (P<0.05). Conclusion: Herbal toothpaste demonstrated plaque-removal effectiveness comparable to that of conventional toothpaste. The use of imaging methods for measuring plaque index has been suggested as a means to educate patients about plaque control and promote ongoing oral care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens pose a major threat worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop effective strategies to solve this problem. The antibacterial activity of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has recently been determined against various bacterial isolates. New approaches, such as Toll-like receptor activation, were used to enhance their antibacterial potency. This study examines the antibacterial activity of TLR agonist (TLR2/TLR1 and/or TLR2/TLR6) activated adipose-derived canine MSCs (AD-MSCs) on multi)drug resistant isolates including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa regarding bacterial growth, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination. Effects on bacterial morphology were assessed by electron microscopy. Our results showed that the AD-MSCs conditioned medium primed with different TLR agonists inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus, but it had a decreased effect on E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa. Despite this, AD-MSCs conditioned medium prepared with the combination of TLR agonists exhibited antibacterial activity against all isolates. These findings were in parallel with MIC levels of conditioned media. We conclude that adipose-derived canine MSCs primed with TLR agonists (TLR2/TLR1 and TLR2/TLR6 combination) possess antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant isolates of E. coli, S. aureus, E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa. Further studies for testing in in vivo models are being planned to assess the potential application of AD-MSCs as an adjunct treatment modality for multi drug resistant infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management of wastewater (WW) and protection of the aquatic ecosystem have become a major problem recently. Our objective was to determinate the chemical load and genotoxic potential of WWs before and after advance treatment, and also to foresee whether the pollutants harm the receiving environments where they were discharged. WW samples were collected from influent and effluent of an advanced wastewater treatment plant (AWTP) and discharge of School of Medicine (SoM). Spectrophotometric analyses showed that Pb levels in WWs were found to be over the cut of f limit independent from seasonal change. Nitrogen (N) load is detected quite high before the treatment process. According to AMES test, mutagenic effect of AWTP in the absence of liver enzymes were found to be higher in influent (IR: 7.15; TA100) whereas lower in effluent (IR: 4.04; TA100). According to our results, advanced biological treatment might be insufficient in adequate elimination of Pb, N and P. However, further studies are required to validate our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: Nowadays, the treatment of infections caused by hospital-acquired resistant bacteria has become very difficult. It is known that hospital infections can be limited and kept to a minimum with the use of appropriate sterilization--disinfection methods. In our study, we aimed to investigate the inhibition effect of ozone--which is low cost, has a nontoxic effect on humans, and does not leave chemical residues and wastes--on resistant microorganisms that cause nosocomial infections. Methods: In this study, 80 strains of bacteria with various resistance patterns and isolated as a causative agent of nosocomial infection were included. Ten strains of each bacterium-- MRSA, VRE, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL (+) Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenemase (+) K. pneumoniae, colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae, colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex, and colistin sensitive A. baumannii complex--were used. One liter of sterile distilled water (DW) was saturated with ozone for 1 h. A quantity of 0.1 mL of bacterial suspension was added onto 9.9 mL ozonated DW (final bacterial concentration 106 cfu/mL). From the suspensions kept at room temperature, samples were inoculated as a count plate on sheep blood agar with a 10 µL calibrated loop at 10 and 30 min. After 24 h of incubation, the number of growing colonies was calculated by evaluating the Petri dishes. Results: The bacterial inhibition rates of ozonated water at 10 and 30 min exposure times were detected as 97.29--100% for Gram-positive nosocomial-resistant pathogens and 94.76-- 99.99% for Gram-negative nosocomial-resistant pathogens, respectively. Conclusion: It has been determined that ozonated water can provide a very high antibacterial effect in vitro at a very low cost. In other studies, the antiviral activity of ozone, including SARS-CoV-2, has also been shown. The data we obtained suggest that ozone can be used in various disinfection--sterilization processes in hospitals. We believe that a cost-effective solution can be produced by supporting such studies with clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]