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5,5-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxo-[1-(2-trifluoromethyl)-3,3,3- trifluoropropionamido)-1-trifluoromethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl- 1,3,2-dioxaphosphan (CA-423) is an in vitro inhibitor of the Escherichia coli uridine and thymidine phosphorylases. Unlike widely studied nucleoside analogues, this compound binds to the enzymes irreversibly. Its LD50 in mice was 40 mg/kg. Due to the involvement of pyrimidine phosphorylases in carcinogenesis and the relatively low toxicity of CA-423, it is promising for anticancer therapy.

The effect of the organophosphoric inhibitor, SA-152, on the fibrinogen-coagulating and TAME-esterase activity of bovine alpha-thrombin was studied. The irreversible inhibition constants (k11 = 1.1 x 10(4) M-1.min-1,Ki = 0.7 x 10(-4) M, k2 = 0.8 min-1 towards the coagulating activity and kII = 0.7 x 10(4) M-1.min-1, Ki = 0.3 x 10(-4) M, k2 = 0.2 min-1 towards the esterase activity) were determined. The SA-152 inactivated alpha-thrombin was dialyzed and incubated with 0.5 M and 2.5 M NaCl and 10 mM TAME. There was no reconstitution of activity of the SA-152 modified alpha-thrombin after dialysis and treatment with high concentrations of NaCl and TAME. Heparin interactions with the anion-binding site of the high molecular weight recognition center in the alpha-thrombin molecule did not significantly influence the values of the kinetic constants for the enzyme inhibition by SA-152. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis on the irreversible binding of SA-152 in the active center of the enzyme.

A series of O,O-diethyl-1-(N-alpha-hydrohexafluoroisobutyryl)aminoalkylphos phonates (APh) has been synthesized and their interaction with human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and with horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) studied. Most of the APhs inactivated the cholinesterases irreversible through formation of the enzyme-inhibitor intermediate. The inactivation rate constants and the enzyme-inhibitor intermediate dissociation constants are calculated. The quantitative structure-activity relationships including both hydrophobic and calculated steric parameters of substituents are developed for APh--ChE interactions. Molecular mechanics (programme MM2) was used for determining steric parameters (Es). On the basis of QSAR models analysis it was concluded that hydrophobic interactions play an essential role in APh--AChE binding, whereas for APh--BuChE binding steric interactions are essential. Presence of at least two APh binding centres on the surface of AChE and BuChE is suggested.

Influence of O,O,-diethyl-1-(N-alpha-hydrohexafluoroisobutyryl)amino-1- methylpropylphosphonate and O,O-diisobutyl-1-[2-(ethoxycarbonyl)aminoperfluoroprop-2-yl] -1- methylpropylphosphonate on the level of production of human proinsulin secreted by a genetically engineered culture Bacillus subtilis AJ 73 (pBINS1.0.) has been studied. The above phosphonates, being non-toxic for microorganisms, reduced degradation of proinsulin by serine proteinases.