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A large body of research on disability stigma conducted among young school children and adults in non-educational settings shows that individuals with non-visible disabilities experience more negative stigma compared to individuals with visible disabilities. However, there is a noticeable lack of research on disability stigma within higher education. The main purpose of the current research was to study how college students perceive their peers who have a disability and how these perceptions differ depending on the type of disability. Participants completed measures that assessed their perceptions of sociability, academic ability, and academic performance of students who have one of three disability types: physical (visible), cognitive (non-visible), and psychiatric (non-visible). For the given disability type, they also rated their expectations of classroom behaviors, deservingness of academic accommodations, and ability to deal with the disability. The results showed that students with visible disabilities compared to students with non-visible disabilities were perceived as being more sociable and academically capable, but they also were perceived as displaying more disruptive classroom behaviors. Differences between the two types of non-visible disabilities also were observed. Our study reveals a need for further research on perceptions of disability and how these perceptions impact students within higher education.

Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and sickle cell disease (SCD) are distinct multisystemic diseases that commonly affect blacks. There are few reports of their co-existence in Western literature and a paucity of reports in Sub-Saharan Africa. Their co-existence is associated with diagnostic delay and treatment dilemmas. The aim is to describe the clinical, laboratory, and treatment profile of Nigerian lupus with sickle cell disease. Material and methods A 7-year retrospective descriptive study of lupus patients with sickle cell disease was performed. Medical records of eligible patients were extracted into a proforma, transferred into SPSS, and analyzed with descriptive statistics. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data were presented as frequency and percentages. Results Twelve SLE-SCD cases (female 11, male 1) were identified. The mean age was 28.5 years and the mean duration of illness prior to diagnosis was 9.5 years. The median follow-up period was 3.1 years and the common presentations were mucocutaneous (66%), renal, (50%) serositis (33%), and neurological (16%) in decreasing order. All had anemia and positive antinuclear antibody, 33% had pancytopenia and 75% had positive anti-dsDNA and anti-Smith. Two are on maintenance hemodialysis, one with interstitial lung disease, and one on long-term anticoagulation due to deep vein thrombosis. Conclusions Sickle cell disease and SLE should be considered in SCD with atypical clinical and labo­ratory features. We hope this report will raise diagnostic suspicion and prompt early diagnosis and treatment to prevent multiorgan damage that may ensue from such an association.

To control mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways involved in the onset and progression of cancer, dual specificity phosphatases (DUSPs/MKP) are essential. This study seeks to detect the correlation between eyelid tumors and the genes DUSPs, known for their influence on MAPK signaling pathways. Additionally, we aim to juxtapose our findings with analyses from various bioinformatics databases.

Dentin tissue can act as a reservoir for bioactive molecules that create signals for cellular proliferation and differentiation to initiate tissue regeneration. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the cell viability, inflammatory response, and antimicrobial activity of bovine dentin grain-added calcium-hydroxide (CH-BDG) with different pulp-capping materials.

OBJECTIVE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has gradually increased in recent years. There have been significant developments in metastatic RCC in recent years with the introduction of immune control point inhibitors. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-related protein (GITR) is a co-stimulatory molecule and is seen in the highest amounts in activated CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes, forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) positive regulatory T cells (Treg). GITR leads to an increase in interleukin (IL)-2 and CD25 and Interferon Gamma. It shows an anti-tumoural effect by inhibiting the suppressive functions of FOXP3+ regulatory cells (Treg). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive effect of GITR, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4+CD8) (TIL), and FOXP3 in patients with metastatic RCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with pathologically confirmed metastatic renal cancer between 2016 and 2021 were included in our study. Clinicopathological features and some laboratory tests were recorded. GITR, CD4, CD8, and FOXP3 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) from biopsies or nephrectomy material and recorded. RESULTS: The study included 41 patients. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.5 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 13.9 months. Median PFS was 7.9 months for the GITR-low group and 18.9 months for the GITR-high group. Median PFS was statistically significant and longer for the GITRhigh group than the GITR-low group (p=0.003). When patients who received nivolumab in the 2nd line were evaluated, median PFS was found to be 5.7 months in the GITR-low group and 15.7 months in the GITR-high group. Median PFS was statistically significantly higher in the GITR-high group than in the GITR-low group (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with metastatic RCC, higher GITR was associated with better PFS. At the same time, in patients using nivolumab, better PFS was seen in the GITR high group. If supported by prospective studies, GITR can be used as both a prognostic and predictive marker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The objective of this research was to examine how caffeine use disorder among physicians across different specialties relates to both sleep quality and professional burnout. Methods This research represents a single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study involving 240 physicians meeting inclusion criteria and working within a training and research hospital. Participants were enrolled in the study after obtaining informed consent. A web-based survey methodology was employed, administering a participant information form crafted following an exhaustive literature review, alongside assessments utilizing the Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. A significance level of p

Background and Objective The study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of type 2 diabetic patients with and without foot ulcers, to determine whether there was a difference in sleep quality between them, and to examine the effect of diabetic foot ulcers on sleep quality. Methods Our prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between April and September 2021 at the Family Medicine Diabetes Clinic and Diabetic Foot Clinic of the hospital. A total of 146 patients were included in the study, of whom 64 had foot ulcers and 82 did not, and met the inclusion criteria. The patients were administered a patient information questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, waist circumference, HbA1c, diabetes duration, diabetes complication information, as well as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 61.94 ± 10.34 years. According to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index classification, 25.0% (n = 16) of individuals with diabetic foot ulcers had good sleep quality while 42.7% (n = 35) of individuals without diabetic foot ulcers had good sleep quality. A statistically significant relationship was found between diabetic foot ulcers and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index classification (p = 0.026). According to the multivariate logistic regression model, diabetic foot ulcers increased the risk of poor sleep quality by 2.64 times. Conclusions Our study showed that the presence of diabetic foot ulcers adversely affects sleep quality. Good sleep quality contributes to quality of life, wound healing, and diabetes control. Therefore, improving sleep quality in diabetic foot patients is important.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the estimated and measured resting metabolic rates of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in an outpatient clinical setting. Material and methods: Participants were categorized into three groups that included type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and individuals without diabetes. Bland–Altman analysis was used to identify the equation that most accurately predicted the measured resting metabolic rates. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting resting metabolic rates. Results: Resting metabolic rates was observed to be higher in subjects with type 2 diabetes compared to that of the other groups. There was a proportional bias between predicted and measured resting metabolic rates. Type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, male sex, body weight, waist circumference, and triglyceride level were factors that positively predicted resting metabolic rates, and age was a factor that negatively predicted it. Conclusions: Although there was a bias between estimated and measured RMR, the most accurate results were achieved with the Mifflin–St Jeor equation for women with type 1 diabetes, with the Owen equation for men with type 1 diabetes, with the Harris Benedict equation for women with type 2 diabetes, and with the Ikeda equation for men with type 2 diabetes as well as for women and men in the control group.