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The current study investigates the weakly hydromagnetic and bioconvection nanofluid flow of Williamson fluid, which conveys gyrotactic microorganisms, over a three-dimensional Riga surface. The primary objective is to stabilize biological, mechanical, and thermal systems through the introduction of exponentially decaying rheology in both the momentum and energy equations, known as the electro-magneto-hydrodynamic actuator (EMHD). As such, the working fluid is assumed to be dissipative, with significant consideration given to the magnetic Reynolds number and a higher-order reaction rate. To simplify the phenomenon of suspended nanoparticles’ bioconvection, an appropriate similarity transformation is applied, converting the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) into systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). To analyze the governing flow parameters, the numerical approach, Galerkin Weighted Residual Method (GWRM), is employed. The results are presented through tables and graphs, providing valuable insights. The findings of the study highlight that Hartmann number improves the weak movement of the Williamson fluid, thermophoresis number positively affects all flow distributions. Moreover, the temperature field is influenced by Brownian motion, leading to inflation, while the concentration field experiences a decrease due to a lower number of fluid particles available for reaction. Furthermore, higher buoyancy forces indicate significant fluid movement, resulting in a reduction in the Williamson fluid chemical reaction rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper explores the strategies used to manage risks in construction projects, focusing on financial, technical, environmental, social, and regulatory aspects. It analyzes existing risk management practices and frameworks in the construction industry, examining their strengths and weaknesses. The study also examines case studies from different project types, scales, and geographic locations to provide lessons and best practices. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of challenges and opportunities related to risk management in construction projects. By identifying successful strategies and technological advances, stakeholders can improve decisionmaking processes, project outcomes, and reduce potential negative impacts. The research aims to provide insights and guidance to construction professionals, project managers, and decision-makers to develop robust risk management strategies tailored to different project contexts. By proactively recognizing and addressing risks, construction projects can progress smoothly, ensure sustainable development, and achieve higher overall success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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During the wake of infectious diseases, they were the arch nemesis of physicians. People used to die even due to the slightest of diseases. Any infection even as small as a regular fever sometimes meant the loss of life. Soon, the researchers came forward with antibiotics as the ultimate weapon against bacterial diseases. Mankind triumphed over diseases. The happiness of this success soon turned into a premonition of fear. The ultimate weapon of mankind was going blunt against bacteria due to the development of resistance in the bacteria for countering antibiotics. The bacteria once again started causing incurable infections that were reminiscent of the dark past mankind was trying to overcome. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) means bacteria's ability to survive despite the application of antibiotic drugs in the effective vicinity. This means that the drugs that previously killed the bacteria easily are now unable to affect them. All this happened due to antibiotic misuse, allowing the bacteria to develop resistance. But the days of fear because of antimicrobial resistance will soon be left behind because nanotechnology is here to rescue us from this dire situation. If researched enough nanotechnology has various applications that can easily help us solve the antimicrobial resistance issue in a short time. Nanotechnology can not only help mankind in battling diseases by attacking microbes directly, but it also has several applications in various other fields. The advancements achieved through nanotechnology in diagnosis, treatment, and improved nutrition can all help us synergistically to combat the prevalence of diseases in our society. This review will delve into the deeper aspects of combating antimicrobial resistance using nanotechnology. A better explanation of antimicrobial resistance concepts will explain how AMR developed in bacteria and which mechanisms the bacteria adapt to nullify the effect of antibiotic effects. A better comprehension of bacterial resistance action will ultimately assist in understanding how the nanoparticles can be used to exploit those mechanisms for killing these pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poultry is the second largest industry among the world`s various industries. This industry is highly affected by “salmonellosis” causing clinical signs like diarrhea, inappetence, vomiting, and sometimes death. This disease is becoming deadly due to antibiotic resistance which has been curtained as a worldwide security risk. Probiotics are microbes that can help chickens in the fight against pathogens in their gastrointestinal tracts. The most commonly and effectively used probiotics are those derived from Bacillus species. Probiotics establish cross-feeding among various bacterial strains in the gut environment, lowering blood cholesterol levels. In current years, there has been an increase in the occurrence of infections due to some strains of Salmonella which are resistant to multiple antibiotics. The use of antibiotics in poultry causes an enormous impact on the selection of antibiotics. A significant fraction of the world's consumption of antibiotics is being used in poultry. There is a knowledge vacuum regarding the establishment of bacterial resistance from poultry in resource-constrained contexts. The probiotics market share is rapidly growing. Asia is going to make the largest part of it as the growth is maximum in India, Pakistan, China and Japan. The aim of this review is to emphasize and overview the use of Bacillus probiotics instead of antibiotics to treat resistant genes of Salmonella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parasites are known to cause diseases of acute, chronic and debilitating nature. The control of parasites and their vectors is one of the most prioritized tasks in the rearing of animals. In the face of rising resistance and limited options of chemical control for parasites, the alternative ways to prevent them become pivotal. The use of nanoparticles for control of parasitic diseases has shown great promise at the laboratory scale. Research has been directed to come up with different nano-based preparations, having different structural and functional characteristics. Green nanomaterials have proved to be more eco-friendly, safer, less toxigenic and effective alternatives to routinely used anti-parasitic agents. This review provides a quick inventory regarding nanoparticle use against parasites. Moreover, the areas for future research and development have been highlighted to encourage the application of nanoparticles with known safety and efficacy at commercial scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seafood is an essential part of nutrient acquisition and is considered a staple food in areas located nearby water bodies. The potential pathogens associated with seafood consumption are often neglected to make foodborne zoonosis more likely to occur. Anisakiasis resulting from infected nematodes Anisakis has worldwide distribution including developing continents like Asia (China, Japan, Korea and Bangladesh) and some developed areas like the Netherlands and the United States. Despite a global burden of morbidities and fatalities, Anisakiasis remains a neglected zoonotic disease. The intensity and distribution of disease rise owing to the consumption of different kinds of raw or improperly cooked seafood like sushi etc. There is no proper treatment for Anisakiasis owing to the delays in reaching out for medical opinions. Keeping in view the gaps in Anisakiasis research and surveillance, we should improve the treatment with medicine, surgery, and essential oil and curtail the transmission of diseases from parasites to humans. There are gaps in the existing information on the epidemiological significance of the so far known species of Anisakis, both in their natural and accidental host-like human population worldwide. This review signifies the importance of awareness, knowledge of Anisakiasis among humans and animals from a global viewpoint. A holistic approach by thorough assessment of the rapidly spreading disease Anisakiasis in natural and accidental hosts as well as in marine ecosystems is required to prevent morbidities and mortalities in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]