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The article discusses the synthesis of new indeno[1,2-b]pyrroles and pyrrole-fused isocoumarins in aqueous media using a three-component domino reaction. These compounds have shown various biological activities, including antimicrobial properties. The study explores the feasibility of preparing these compounds, which are structurally similar to known antimicrobial agents, and evaluates their antibacterial activity against different strains. The results show promising antimicrobial activities, suggesting the potential of these compounds as novel antimicrobial agents. [Extracted from the article]

In order to replace the conventional chemical pesticides, extensive researches have been done on entomopathogenic fungi. Entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassianais an important biocontrol agent against major economic pests and is being employed in Integrated pest management (IPM) along with synthetic pesticides. Cabbage aphidBrevicoryne brassicaeL. is one of the important pests of Brassicaceae family. Therefore, in this research, the virulence isolate ofB. brassicae(IRAN 429C) was investigated on adults of cabbage aphid under laboratory conditions. The experiments were conducted at 25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 10 R. H. and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D). After preliminary experiments, the adult aphids were treated with fungal concentrations of 1 × 103to 1 × 107spores/ml. Probit analysis was conducted to calculate LC50and LC95values for the isolate. Positive correlation was observed between concentrations and pest mortality. LC50and LC95values calculated for IRAN 429C isolate are 2.04 × 105and 1.82 × 108, respectively. The mortality was counted one day after the treatment and then continued for 14 days. Cumulative mortality for 14 days after treatment varied from 54% for IRAN 429C at low concentration (103conidia/ml) to 83% at high concentration (107conidia/ml). The lowest LT50was obtained at 7.67 days for IRAN 429C isolate at concentration 1 × 107 spore/ml. According to the insecticidal activity of mentioned fungi on cabbage aphid, it can be used in biocontrol programmes ofB. brassicae. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]