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3. Impact of metformin treatment on cobalamin status in persons with type 2 diabetes.

Author

Fituri, Sundus, Akbar, Zoha, and Ganji, Vijay

Subjects
*METFORMIN, *RISK assessment, *VITAMIN B12 deficiency, *GLYCEMIC control, *VITAMIN B12, *TREATMENT duration, *VEGETARIANISM, *DRUG monitoring, *TYPE 2 diabetes, *MEDICAL screening, *PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability, *DRUG synergism, *BIOMARKERS, *DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Over the last decades, low vitamin B12 status has been reported in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin, the first-line therapy for lowering blood glucose, is the main driving factor behind this association. Although the relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and metformin is well established, results of studies on the exact effect of the dose and duration of the therapy remain inconsistent. Additionally, a lack of consensus on the definition of vitamin B12 deficiency adds to the conflicting literature. The objectives of this review were to analyze and synthesize the findings on the effects of metformin dose and duration on vitamin B12 status in patients with T2DM and to outline the potential mechanisms underlying metformin's effect on vitamin B12. Metformin therapy has adversely affected serum vitamin B12 concentrations, a marker of vitamin B12 status. The metformin usage index (a composite score of metformin dose and duration) might serve as a potential risk assessment tool for vitamin B12 screening in patients with T2DM. Considering the health implications of suboptimal vitamin B12 status, vitamin B12 concentrations should be monitored periodically in high-risk patients, such as vegans who are receiving metformin therapy for T2DM. Additionally, it is prudent to implement lifestyle strategies concurrent with metformin therapy in individuals with T2DM, promoting an overall synergistic effect on their glycemic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Dietary Quality, Meal Timing and Circadian Syndrome Among Adults Attending NHANES 2005-2016

Author

Akbar, Zoha and Shi, Zumin

Subjects
Meal timing, Diet pattern, Food quality
Abstract

Background: Apart from diet quality, meal timing and shift work have also emerged as risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and are associated with circadian rhythm disturbances. Circadian Syndrome (CircS) is a novel concept that aims to emphasize the circadian disruption related to cardiometabolic conditions, by expanding upon the criteria of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Objectives: To assess the associations of diet quality, meal timing and shift work with CircS in US adults, and to examine whether these associations are modified by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Methods: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016 were analyzed. Factor analysis was used to construct dietary patterns. Participants were categorized as having favorable (12:30-13:15 pm) or unfavorable mealtimes based on midpoint of intake between breakfast and dinner. CircS included MetS components, plus short sleep and depression symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the associations. Results: Two major dietary patterns were identified. Western dietary pattern had high loadings of refined grains, solid fats, added sugars, and red and cured meats, while prudent pattern was characterized by a high intake of vegetables, whole grains, oils, nuts and seeds. The prevalence of CircS was 41.3%. Comparing extreme quartiles of intake, the odds ratios (OR) for having CircS were 1.96 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.53-2.53) and 0.71 (95%CI 0.58-0.86) for Western pattern and prudent pattern, respectively. Unfavorable mealtime and shift work were associated with higher likelihood of CircS (OR= 1.18; 95%CI 1.02-1.37 and OR= 1.40; 95%CI 1.02-1.93, respectively). Conclusion: Healthy dietary patterns and aligning meal timings with circadian rhythms are associated with a lower likelihood of having CircS.

Published
2023

9. Associations of the MIND Diet with Cardiometabolic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: A Systematic Review

Author

Akbar,Zoha, Fituri,Sundus, Ouagueni,Asma, Alalwani,Joud, Sukik,Ayah, Al-Jayyousi,Ghadir Fakhri, Bassil,Maya, Tayyem,Reema, Akbar,Zoha, Fituri,Sundus, Ouagueni,Asma, Alalwani,Joud, Sukik,Ayah, Al-Jayyousi,Ghadir Fakhri, Bassil,Maya, and Tayyem,Reema

Abstract

Zoha Akbar,1 Sundus Fituri,1 Asma Ouagueni,1 Joud Alalwani,1 Ayah Sukik,1 Ghadir Fakhri Al-Jayyousi,2 Maya Bassil,1 Reema Tayyem1 1Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; 2Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCorrespondence: Reema Tayyem, Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar, Email reema.tayyem@qu.edu.qaPurpose: Recent studies have expanded the scope of research on the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet beyond its impact on cognitive performance. These investigations have specifically explored its potential to provide protection against cardiometabolic diseases and associated risk factors, including obesity and dyslipidemia.Methods: We systematically summarized and evaluated all existing observational and trial evidence for the MIND diet in relation to cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors in adults. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to extract original studies on humans published until September 2023, without date restrictions. A total of 491 studies were initially retrieved, out of which 23 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. Duplicated and irrelevant studies were screened out by five independent reviewers using the Rayyan platform. Quality assessment was ascertained using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2) for randomized trials.Results: Across the different study designs, the MIND diet was generally associated with an improvement in anthropometric measures and other cardiometabolic outcomes, such as blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid profile, inflammation and stroke. The effects of the MIND eating pattern on some cardiovascular diseases are less conclusive.Conclusion: The findings of this systemat

Published
2023

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