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Background: Obesity is the main obstacle for metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Turkey has the highest prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Europe. The effect of obesity on the metabolic control, and the macro-and microvascular complications of patients are not apparent. Objectives: This nationwide survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes and to search for the impact of obesity on the metabolic control of these patients. We also investigated the independent associates of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients who were under follow-up for at least 1 year in 69 tertiary healthcare units in 37 cities. The demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data including medications were recorded. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant, younger than 18 years, had decompensated liver disease, psychiatric disorders interfering with cognition or compliance, had bariatric surgery, or were undergoing renal replacement therapy. Results: Only 10% of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 4,648) had normal body mass indexes (BMI), while the others were affected by overweight (31%) or obesity (59%). Women had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity (53.4 vs. 40%) and severe obesity (16.6 vs. 3.3%). Significant associations were present between high BMI levels and lower education levels, intake of insulin, antihypertensives and statins, poor metabolic control, or the presence of microvascular complications. Age, gender, level of education, smoking, and physical inactivity were the independent associates of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: The TEMD Obesity Study shows that obesity is a major determinant of the poor metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. These results underline the importance of prevention and management of obesity to improve health care in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, the results point out the independent sociodemographic and clinical associates of obesity, which should be the prior targets to overcome, in the national fight with obesity. (c) 2019 The Author(s) Published by S. 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Tamer; Cetinkaya Altuntas, Seher] Cukurova Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Adana, Turkey., [Atmaca, Aysegul; Durmus, Elif Tutku] 19 Mayis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Samsun, Turkey., [Mete, Turkan] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Samsun Training & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Samsun, Turkey., [Dikbas, Oguz] Giresun Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Giresun, Turkey., [Akin, Safak] Recep Tayyip Erdogan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Rize, Turkey., [Nuhoglu, Irfan; Ersoz, Halil Onder] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Trabzon, Turkey., [Bayraktaroglu, Taner] Bulent Ecevit Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Zonguldak, Turkey., [Sisman, Pinar] Kars Harakani State Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Kars, Turkey., [Sahin, Ibrahim; Cetin, Sedat] Inonu Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Malatya, Turkey., [Capoglu, Ilyas; Akbas, Emin Murat] Erzincan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Erzincan, Turkey., [Ucler, Rifki] Yuzuncu Yil Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Van, Turkey., [Eren, Mehmet Ali] Harran Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Sanliurfa, Turkey., [Tuzcu, Alpaslan Kemal; Pekkolay, Zafer] Dicle Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Diyarbakir, Turkey., [Ozkaya, Mesut] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Gaziantep Ersin Arslan Res & Training Hosp, Gaziantep, Turkey., [Araz, Mustafa] Gaziantep Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Gaziantep, Turkey., [Salman, Serpil] Liv Hosp Ulus, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Istanbul, Turkey., [Dizdar, Oguzhan Sitki] Kayseri Educ & Res Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Kayseri, Turkey., [Gurkan, Eren] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Antakya, Turkey., [Kargili Carlioglu, Ayse] Erzurum Reg Educ & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Erzurum, Turkey.

WOS: 000457530200011, PubMed: 30402933, Aim Prevalence rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) show considerable variation among different countries and regions of the world. The primary aim of this study was to determine the nationwide prevalence and predictors of GDM in Turkey. Methods We conducted prospective nationwide screening among pregnant women. Between August 2016 and November 2017, a total of 2643 pregnant women from 51 centres in 12 different regions were enrolled. A two-step screening method and Carpenter and Coustan criteria were used in the diagnosis of GDM. Clinical and biochemical data were obtained using electronic database software. Results The national prevalence of GDM was found to be 16.2% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 15.0% to 17.4%] without a significant difference between urban and rural regions. Women with GDM were older (mean age: 32 +/- 5 vs. 28 +/- 5 years, P < 0.001) and heavier (mean BMI: 27.2 +/- 5.1 vs. 24.7 +/- 4.7 kg/m(2), P < 0.001) than their counterparts without GDM. The prevalence of GDM tended to increase with age (< 25 years, 6.9%; 26-35 years, 15.6%; and 36-45 years, 32.7%; P < 0.001). Maternal age, maternal BMI, history of previous GDM and family history of diabetes mellitus were independent predictors of developing GDM (P < 0.05 for all). Low-risk women (age < 25 years, BMI < 25 kg/m(2), no family history of diabetes) comprised 10.7% of the total population and the prevalence of GDM in these women was 4.5% (95% CI 2.4% to 7.8%). Conclusion The results of this nationwide study indicate that GDM is very common, affecting one in seven pregnancies in Turkey. Implementation of international guidelines on screening and management of this public health problem is required.

Thyroid hemiagenesis (THA) is a rare congenital anomaly. It occurs more frequently in the left lobe and predominantly in women. Most of the cases are asymptomatic. The most frequent associated thyroid disorders with THA are nontoxic nodular goiter and Hashimoto's thyroiditis whereas association of Graves' disease with THA is very rare. We present a man patient with THA and multinodular Graves' disease. A 47-year-old male was admitted with palpitation, hand tremor, and weight loss, and was found to have overt thyrotoxicosis and high TSH receptor antibody (TRAB) levels in laboratory analysis (TSH=0.04 µIU/ml sT4=1.3 ng/dl sT3=4.5 pg/ml TRAB=35 IU/l ). Thyroid ultrasonography revealed multiple thyroid nodules (largest one 6x11x17 mm in diameter) in the right lobe; the left lobe was not visualized. Tc-99m thyroid scan showed increased uptake of radioisotope in the right lobe, and there was no uptake in the left lobe. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with THA and multinodular Graves' disease, and started on metimazole treatment. Although very rare, Graves' disease may occur in patients with THA, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with hyperthyroidism. Keywords: Thyroid hemiagenesis, Graves' disease, multinodular goiter

Bu çalışmanın amacı, hipotroidili otoimmün troiditli hastalarda erken aterosklerozun karotid intima media kalınlık ölçümü ile değerlendirilmesidir. Bu çalışmaya, 2014 Haziran ve 2014 Aralık zaman aralığında Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Endokrinoloji polikliniğine başvuran 18 yaş üstü toplam 30 hipotroidili otoimmün troiditli hasta dahil edildi. Kontrol grubu olarak aynı yaş grubundaki toplam 30 sağlıklı yetişkin dahil edildi. Karotit intima media kalınlık ölçümleri, yetişkinlerin klinik ve laboratuar bilgilerinden haberi olmayan, alanında uzman tek radyolog tarafından yapıldı. Yaş ortalaması hipotroidili otoimmün troiditli hastalarda 40.6±6.8 yıl (23 kız ve 7 erkek); sağlıklı yetişkinlerde 44.2±8.3 (24 kız ve 6 erkek) yıl olarak bulundu. Bizim çalışmamızda, karotit intima media kalınlığı hipotroidili otoimmün troiditli hastalarda 0.60±0.10 mm, sağlıklı yetişkinlerde 0.42±0.09 mm olarak ölçüldü. Hasta ve sağlıklı grupların ortalama karotit intima media kalınlığı arasında anlamlı istatistiksel fark vardı (p, The purpose of this study is the evaluation of early atherosclerosis through carotid intima-media thickness measurement in autoimmune thyroid patients with hypothyroidism. 30 autoimmune thyroid patients with hypothyroidism over the age of 18, who applied to Muğla Sıtkı Kocman University Medical Faculty between the dates of June 2014 and December 2014, were included in this study. And 30 healthy adults at the same age group were included in the study as the control group. Carotid intima-media thickness measurements of individuals were performed by a single radiologist expert in the field, who was unaware of their clinical and laboratory data. The age averages were found as 40.6±6.8 years in autoimmune thyroid patients with hypothyroidism (23 females and 7 males); and 44.2±8.3 years in healthy adults (24 females and 6 males). In our study, carotid intima-media thickness was measured as 0.60±0.10 mm in autoimmune thyroid patients with hypothyroidism and as 0.42±0.09 mm in healthy adults. There was a statistically significant difference between the average carotid intima-media thicknesses of patient and healthy groups (p

Aims: This study was designed to determine how diabetes is managed in primary care and conducted in Mugla Province in Turkey. We wanted to reveal I) The attitudes of Family Physicians (FP) towards the importance of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and the role of FPs, 2) The behavior of FPs regarding diagnosis, treatment and patient education, 3) Self-evaluations of knowledge in managing diabetes and 4) Obstacles hindering FPs in treating diabetes.

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is a rarely seen autosomal recessive transfer disease characterised by retinal dystrophy, obesity, extremity deformities, mental retardation, and renal and genital system anomalies. BBS shows heterogenic transfer. To date, 18 genes (BBS1–18) and 7 BBS proteins have been defined as related to BBS. All of the defined BBS genes have been shown to be related to the biogenesis or function of cilia. Renal failure accompanying the syndrome, especially in the advanced stages, is the most common cause of mortality. Therefore, as one of the major diagnostic criteria, renal damage is of great importance in early diagnosis. This paper presents the cases of two brothers with BBS who presented with chronic renal failure.

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), also referred to as Idiopathic Basal Ganglia Calcification (IBGC) or “Fahr’s disease,” is a clinical condition characterized by symmetric and bilateral calcification of globus pallidus and also basal ganglions, cerebellar nuclei, and other deep cortical structures. It could be accompanied by parathyroid disorder and other metabolic disturbances. The clinical features are dysfunction of the calcified anatomic localization. IBGC most commonly presents with mental damage, convulsion, parkinson-like clinical picture, and neuropsychiatric behavior disorders; however, presentation with impulse control disorder is not a frequent presentation. In the current report, a 43-year-old male patient who has been admitted to psychiatry policlinic with the complaints of aggressive behavior episodes and who has been diagnosed with impulse control disorder and IBGC was evaluated in the light of the literature.