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10. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease burden

Author

Wedemeyer, H., Duberg, A. S., Buti, M., Rosenberg, W. M., Frankova, S., Esmat, G., Örmeci, N., Van Vlierberghe, H., Gschwantler, M., Akarca, U., Aleman, S., Balk, İ., Berg, T., Bihl, F., Bilodeau, M., Blasco, A. J., Brandão Mello, C. E., Bruggmann, P., Calinas, F., Calleja, J. L., Cheinquer, H., Christensen, P. B., Clausen, M., Coelho, H. S. M., Cornberg, M., Cramp, M. E., Dore, G. J., Doss, W., El-Sayed, M. H., Ergör, G., Estes, C., Falconer, K., Félix, J., Ferraz, M. L. G., Ferreira, P. R., García-Samaniego, J., Gerstoft, J., Giria, J. A., Gonçales, F. L., Jr, Guimarães Pessôa, M., Hézode, C., Hindman, S. J., Hofer, H., Husa, P., Idilman, R., Kåberg, M., Kaita, K. D. E., Kautz, A., Kaymakoglu, S., Krajden, M., Krarup, H., Laleman, W., Lavanchy, D., Lázaro, P., Marinho, R. T., Marotta, P., Mauss, S., Mendes Correa, M. C., Moreno, C., Müllhaupt, B., Myers, R. P., Nemecek, V., vrehus, A. L. H., Parkes, J., Peltekian, K. M., Ramji, A., Razavi, H., Reis, N., Roberts, S. K., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Ryder, S. D., Sarmento-Castro, R., Sarrazin, C., Semela, D., Sherman, M., Shiha, G. E., Sperl, J., Stärkel, P., Stauber, R. E., Thompson, A. J., Urbanek, P., Van Damme, P., van Thiel, I., Vandijck, D., Vogel, W., Waked, I., Weis, N., Wiegand, J., Yosry, A., Zekry, A., Negro, F., Sievert, W., and Gower, E.

Published
2014
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11. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with todayʼs treatment paradigm

Author

Razavi, H., Waked, I., Sarrazin, C., Myers, R. P., Idilman, R., Calinas, F., Vogel, W., Mendes Correa, M. C., Hézode, C., Lázaro, P., Akarca, U., Aleman, S., Balk, İ., Berg, T., Bihl, F., Bilodeau, M., Blasco, A. J., Brandão Mello, C. E., Bruggmann, P., Buti, M., Calleja, J. L., Cheinquer, H., Christensen, P. B., Clausen, M., Coelho, H. S. M., Cramp, M. E., Dore, G. J., Doss, W., Duberg, A. S., El-Sayed, M. H., Ergör, G., Esmat, G., Falconer, K., Félix, J., Ferraz, M. L. G., Ferreira, P. R., Frankova, S., García-Samaniego, J., Gerstoft, J., Giria, J. A., Gonçales, F. L., Jr, Gower, E., Gschwantler, M., Guimarães Pessôa, M., Hindman, S. J., Hofer, H., Husa, P., Kåberg, M., Kaita, K. D. E., Kautz, A., Kaymakoglu, S., Krajden, M., Krarup, H., Laleman, W., Lavanchy, D., Marinho, R. T., Marotta, P., Mauss, S., Moreno, C., Murphy, K., Negro, F., Nemecek, V., Örmeci, N., vrehus, A. L. H., Parkes, J., Pasini, K., Peltekian, K. M., Ramji, A., Reis, N., Roberts, S. K., Rosenberg, W. M., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Ryder, S. D., Sarmento-Castro, R., Semela, D., Sherman, M., Shiha, G. E., Sievert, W., Sperl, J., Stärkel, P., Stauber, R. E., Thompson, A. J., Urbanek, P., Van Damme, P., van Thiel, I., Van Vlierberghe, H., Vandijck, D., Wedemeyer, H., Weis, N., Wiegand, J., Yosry, A., Zekry, A., Cornberg, M., Müllhaupt, B., and Estes, C.

Published
2014
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12. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in selected countries

Author

Bruggmann, P., Berg, T., vrehus, A. L. H., Moreno, C., Brandão Mello, C. E., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Marinho, R. T., Sherman, M., Ryder, S. D., Sperl, J., Akarca, U., Balk, İ., Bihl, F., Bilodeau, M., Blasco, A. J., Buti, M., Calinas, F., Calleja, J. L., Cheinquer, H., Christensen, P. B., Clausen, M., Coelho, H. S. M., Cornberg, M., Cramp, M. E., Dore, G. J., Doss, W., Duberg, A. S., El-Sayed, M. H., Ergör, G., Esmat, G., Estes, C., Falconer, K., Félix, J., Ferraz, M. L. G., Ferreira, P. R., Frankova, S., García-Samaniego, J., Gerstoft, J., Giria, J. A., Gonçales, F. L., Jr, Gower, E., Gschwantler, M., Guimarães Pessôa, M., Hézode, C., Hofer, H., Husa, P., Idilman, R., Kåberg, M., Kaita, K. D. E., Kautz, A., Kaymakoglu, S., Krajden, M., Krarup, H., Laleman, W., Lavanchy, D., Lázaro, P., Marotta, P., Mauss, S., Mendes Correa, M. C., Müllhaupt, B., Myers, R. P., Negro, F., Nemecek, V., Örmeci, N., Parkes, J., Peltekian, K. M., Ramji, A., Razavi, H., Reis, N., Roberts, S. K., Rosenberg, W. M., Sarmento-Castro, R., Sarrazin, C., Semela, D., Shiha, G. E., Sievert, W., Stärkel, P., Stauber, R. E., Thompson, A. J., Urbanek, P., van Thiel, I., Van Vlierberghe, H., Vandijck, D., Vogel, W., Waked, I., Wedemeyer, H., Weis, N., Wiegand, J., Yosry, A., Zekry, A., Van Damme, P., Aleman, S., and Hindman, S. J.

Published
2014
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27. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

Author

Razavi-Shearer, D. Gamkrelidze, I. Nguyen, M.H. Chen, D.-S. Van Damme, P. Abbas, Z. Abdulla, M. Abou Rached, A. Adda, D. Aho, I. Akarca, U. Al Ali, F.H. Lawati, F.A.L. Naamani, K.A.L. Alashgar, H.I. Alavian, S.M. Alawadhi, S. Albillos, A. Al-Busafi, S.A. Aleman, S. Alfaleh, F.Z. Aljumah, A.A. Anand, A.C. Anh, N.T. Arends, J.E. Arkkila, P. Athanasakis, K. Bane, A. Ben-Ari, Z. Berg, T. Bizri, A.R. Blach, S. Brandão Mello, C.E. Brandon, S.M. Bright, B. Bruggmann, P. Brunetto, M. Buti, M. Chan, H.L.Y. Chaudhry, A. Chien, R.-N. Choi, M.S. Christensen, P.B. Chuang, W.-L. Chulanov, V. Clausen, M.R. Colombo, M. Cornberg, M. Cowie, B. Craxi, A. Croes, E.A. Cuellar, D.A. Cunningham, C. Desalegn, H. Drazilova, S. Duberg, A.-S. Egeonu, S.S. El-Sayed, M.H. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Ferraz, M.L.G. Ferreira, P.R. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gaeta, G.B. García-Samaniego, J. Genov, J. Gerstoft, J. Goldis, A. Gountas, I. Gray, R. Guimarães Pessôa, M. Hajarizadeh, B. Hatzakis, A. Hézode, C. Himatt, S.M. Hoepelman, A. Hrstic, I. Hui, Y.-T.T. Husa, P. Jahis, R. Janjua, N.Z. Jarcuška, P. Jaroszewicz, J. Kaymakoglu, S. Kershenobich, D. Kondili, L.A. Konysbekova, A. Krajden, M. Kristian, P. Laleman, W. Lao, W.-C.C. Layden, J. Lazarus, J.V. Lee, M.-H. Liakina, V. Lim, Y.-S.S. Loo, C.-K.K. Lukšic, B. Malekzadeh, R. Malu, A.O. Mamatkulov, A. Manns, M. Marinho, R.T. Maticic, M. Mauss, S. Memon, M.S. Mendes Correa, M.C. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Merat, S. Metwally, A.M. Mohamed, R. Mokhbat, J.E. Moreno, C. Mossong, J. Mourad, F.H. Müllhaupt, B. Murphy, K. Musabaev, E. Nawaz, A. Nde, H.M. Negro, F. Nersesov, A. Nguyen, V.T.T. Njouom, R. Ntagirabiri, R. Nurmatov, Z. Obekpa, S. Ocama, P. Oguche, S. Omede, O. Omuemu, C. Opare-Sem, O. Opio, C.K. Örmeci, N. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Pimenov, N. Poustchi, H. Quang, T.D. Qureshi, H. Ramji, A. Razavi-Shearer, K. Redae, B. Reesink, H.W. Rios, C.Y. Rjaskova, G. Robbins, S. Roberts, L.R. Roberts, S.K. Ryder, S.D. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. Salupere, R. Sanai, F.M. Sanchez-Avila, J.F. Saraswat, V. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schréter, I. Scott, J. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S.R. Sharara, A.I. Sharma, M. Shiha, G.E. Shin, T. Sievert, W. Sperl, J. Stärkel, P. Stedman, C. Sypsa, V. Tacke, F. Tan, S.S. Tanaka, J. Tomasiewicz, K. Urbanek, P. van der Meer, A.J. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vella, S. Vince, A. Waheed, Y. Waked, I. Walsh, N. Weis, N. Wong, V.W. Woodring, J. Yaghi, C. Yang, H.-I. Yang, C.-L. Yesmembetov, K. Yosry, A. Yuen, M.-F. Yusuf, M.A.M. Zeuzem, S. Razavi, H. The Polaris Observatory Collaborators

Abstract

Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Findings: We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3·9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·4–4·6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000–341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4·8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1·8 (1·6–2·2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1·4% (1·2–1·6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation: Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentially because we took into account the effect of infant prophylaxis and early childhood vaccination, as well as changing prevalence over time. Although some regions are well on their way to meeting prophylaxis and prevalence targets, all regions must substantially scale-up access to diagnosis and treatment to meet the global targets. Funding: John C Martin Foundation. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2018

29. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study.

Author

Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Opio C.K., Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., and Opio C.K.

Abstract

Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Method(s): In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Finding(s): We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3.9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3.4-4.6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000-341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4.8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1.8 (1.6-2.2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1.4% (1.2-1.6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation(s): Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentia

Published
2018

30. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study

Author

Blach, S. Zeuzem, S. Manns, M. Altraif, I. Duberg, A.-S. Muljono, D.H. Waked, I. Alavian, S.M. Lee, M.-H. Negro, F. Abaalkhail, F. Abdou, A. Abdulla, M. Abou Rached, A. Aho, I. Akarca, U. Al Ghazzawi, I. Al Kaabi, S. Al Lawati, F. Al Namaani, K. Al Serkal, Y. Al-Busafi, S.A. Al-Dabal, L. Aleman, S. Alghamdi, A.S. Aljumah, A.A. Al-Romaihi, H.E. Andersson, M.I. Arendt, V. Arkkila, P. Assiri, A.M. Baatarkhuu, O. Bane, A. Ben-Ari, Z. Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Bihl, F. Bizri, A.R. Blachier, M. Blasco, A.J. Brandao Mello, C.E. Bruggmann, P. Brunton, C.R. Calinas, F. Chan, H.L.Y. Chaudhry, A. Cheinquer, H. Chen, C.-J. Chien, R.-N. Choi, M.S. Christensen, P.B. Chuang, W.-L. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Clausen, M.R. Cramp, M.E. Craxi, A. Croes, E.A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J.R. De Ledinghen, V. Dore, G.J. El-Sayed, M.H. Ergor, G. Esmat, G. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Farag, E. Ferraz, M.L.G. Ferreira, P.R. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gamkrelidze, I. Gane, E. Garcia-Samaniego, J. Khan, A.G. Gountas, I. Goldis, A. Gottfredsson, M. Grebely, J. Gschwantler, M. Guimaraes Pessoa, M. Gunter, J. Hajarizadeh, B. Hajelssedig, O. Hamid, S. Hamoudi, W. Hatzakis, A. Himatt, S.M. Hofer, H. Hrstic, I. Hui, Y.-T. Hunyady, B. Idilman, R. Jafri, W. Jahis, R. Janjua, N.Z. Jarčuška, P. Jeruma, A. Jonasson, J.G. Kamel, Y. Kao, J.-H. Kaymakoglu, S. Kershenobich, D. Khamis, J. Kim, Y.S. Kondili, L. Koutoubi, Z. Krajden, M. Krarup, H. Lai, M.-S. Laleman, W. Lao, W.-C. Lavanchy, D. Lazaro, P. Leleu, H. Lesi, O. Lesmana, L.A. Li, M. Liakina, V. Lim, Y.-S. Luksic, B. Mahomed, A. Maimets, M. Makara, M. Malu, A.O. Marinho, R.T. Marotta, P. Mauss, S. Memon, M.S. Mendes Correa, M.C. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Merat, S. Metwally, A.M. Mohamed, R. Moreno, C. Mourad, F.H. Mullhaupt, B. Murphy, K. Nde, H. Njouom, R. Nonkovic, D. Norris, S. Obekpa, S. Oguche, S. Olafsson, S. Oltman, M. Omede, O. Omuemu, C. Opare-Sem, O. Ovrehus, A.L.H. Owusu-Ofori, S. Oyunsuren, T.S. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Peltekian, K.M. Phillips, R.O. Pimenov, N. Poustchi, H. Prabdial-Sing, N. Qureshi, H. Ramji, A. Razavi-Shearer, D. Razavi-Shearer, K. Redae, B. Reesink, H.W. Ridruejo, E. Robbins, S. Roberts, L.R. Roberts, S.K. Rosenberg, W.M. Roudot-Thoraval, F. Ryder, S.D. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. Salupere, R. Sanai, F.M. Sanchez Avila, J.F. Saraswat, V. Sarmento-Castro, R. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schreter, I. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S.R. Sharara, A.I. Sharma, M. Shevaldin, A. Shiha, G.E. Sievert, W. Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Speiciene, D. Sperl, J. Starkel, P. Stauber, R.E. Stedman, C. Struck, D. Su, T.-H. Sypsa, V. Tan, S.-S. Tanaka, J. Thompson, A.J. Tolmane, I. Tomasiewicz, K. Valantinas, J. Van Damme, P. Van Der Meer, A.J. Van Thiel, I. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vince, A. Vogel, W. Wedemeyer, H. Weis, N. Wong, V.W.S. Yaghi, C. Yosry, A. Yuen, M.-F. Yunihastuti, E. Yusuf, A. Zuckerman, E. Razavi, H. The Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators

Abstract

Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2017

31. A virological response to PEG-IFNa treatment of hepatitis delta is associated with an improved clinical long-term outcome: 10 years follow-up of the HIDIT-1 study

Author

Wranke, A., primary, Yurdaydin, C., additional, Heidrich, B., additional, Kalliopi, Z., additional, Yalcin, K., additional, Fehmi, T., additional, Akarca, U., additional, Lammert, F., additional, Häussinger, D., additional, Müller, T., additional, Wöbse, M., additional, Manns, M.P., additional, Wedemeyer, H., additional, and Hardtke, S., additional

Published
2018
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32. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study.

Author

Farag E., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Sievert W., Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., Oyunsuren T.S., Farag E., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Sievert W., Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., and Oyunsuren T.S.

Abstract

Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of-and expansion on-the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64-103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1.0% (95% uncertainty interval 0.8-1.1) in 2015, corresponding to 71.1 million (62.5-79.4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2017

33. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study

Author

Blach, S, Zeuzem, S, Manns, M, Altraif, I, Duberg, AS, Muljono, DH, Waked, I, Alavian, SM, Lee, MH, Negro, F, Abaalkhail, F, Abdou, A, Abdulla, M, Abou Rached, A, Aho, I, Akarca, U, Al Ghazzawi, I, Al Kaabi, S, Al Lawati, F, Al Namaani, K, Al Serkal, Y, Al-Busafi, SA, Al-Dabal, L, Aleman, S, Alghamdi, AS, Aljumah, AA, Al-Romaihi, HE, Andersson, MI, Arendt, V, Arkkila, P, Assiri, AM, Baatarkhuu, O, Bane, A, Ben-Ari, Z, Bergin, C, Bessone, F, Bihl, F, Bizri, AR, Blachier, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandao Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Brunton, CR, Calinas, F, Chan, HLY, Chaudhry, A, Cheinquer, H, Chen, CJ, Chien, RN, Choi, MS, Christensen, PB, Chuang, WL, Chulanov, V, Cisneros, L, Clausen, MR, Cramp, ME, Craxi, A, Croes, EA, Dalgard, O, Daruich, JR, De Ledinghen, V, Dore, GJ, El-Sayed, MH, Ergor, G, Esmat, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Farag, E, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Flisiak, R, Frankova, S, Gamkrelidze, I, Gane, E, Garcia-Samaniego, J, Khan, AG, Gountas, I, Goldis, A, Gottfredsson, M, Grebely, J, Gschwantler, M, Guimaraes Pessoa, M, Gunter, J, Hajarizadeh, B, Hajelssedig, O, Hamid, S, Hamoudi, W, Hatzakis, A, Himatt, SM, Hofer, H, Hrstic, I, Hui, YT, Hunyady, B, Idilman, R, Jafri, W, Jahis, R, Janjua, NZ, Jarčuška, P, Jeruma, A, Jonasson, JG, Blach, S, Zeuzem, S, Manns, M, Altraif, I, Duberg, AS, Muljono, DH, Waked, I, Alavian, SM, Lee, MH, Negro, F, Abaalkhail, F, Abdou, A, Abdulla, M, Abou Rached, A, Aho, I, Akarca, U, Al Ghazzawi, I, Al Kaabi, S, Al Lawati, F, Al Namaani, K, Al Serkal, Y, Al-Busafi, SA, Al-Dabal, L, Aleman, S, Alghamdi, AS, Aljumah, AA, Al-Romaihi, HE, Andersson, MI, Arendt, V, Arkkila, P, Assiri, AM, Baatarkhuu, O, Bane, A, Ben-Ari, Z, Bergin, C, Bessone, F, Bihl, F, Bizri, AR, Blachier, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandao Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Brunton, CR, Calinas, F, Chan, HLY, Chaudhry, A, Cheinquer, H, Chen, CJ, Chien, RN, Choi, MS, Christensen, PB, Chuang, WL, Chulanov, V, Cisneros, L, Clausen, MR, Cramp, ME, Craxi, A, Croes, EA, Dalgard, O, Daruich, JR, De Ledinghen, V, Dore, GJ, El-Sayed, MH, Ergor, G, Esmat, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Farag, E, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Flisiak, R, Frankova, S, Gamkrelidze, I, Gane, E, Garcia-Samaniego, J, Khan, AG, Gountas, I, Goldis, A, Gottfredsson, M, Grebely, J, Gschwantler, M, Guimaraes Pessoa, M, Gunter, J, Hajarizadeh, B, Hajelssedig, O, Hamid, S, Hamoudi, W, Hatzakis, A, Himatt, SM, Hofer, H, Hrstic, I, Hui, YT, Hunyady, B, Idilman, R, Jafri, W, Jahis, R, Janjua, NZ, Jarčuška, P, Jeruma, A, and Jonasson, JG

Abstract

Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation.

Published
2017

35. Peginterferon add‐on results in more HBsAg decline compared to monotherapy in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients

Author

Brouwer, W. P., primary, Sonneveld, M. J., additional, Xie, Q., additional, Guo, S., additional, Zhang, N., additional, Zeuzem, S., additional, Tabak, F., additional, Zhang, Q., additional, Simon, K., additional, Akarca, U. S., additional, Streinu‐Cercel, A., additional, Hansen, B. E., additional, and Janssen, H. L. A., additional

Published
2015
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36. The mRNA Expression of cytochrome P450 isoforms in human gastric tissue

Author

Canturk, P., Caner, V., Oruc, N., Akarca, U. S., Tepeli, E., Cetin, O. G., Zencir, S., and Topcu, Z.

Subjects
Male, Biopsy, complementary DNA, cigarette smoking, stomach biopsy, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, LETION, HUMAN STOMACH, CYTOCHROMES-P450, ADENOCARCINOMA, Protein Isoforms, heterocyclic compounds, Electrophoresis, Agar Gel, clinical article, stomach cancer, messenger RNA, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, adult, Gastric tissue, article, respiratory system, Middle Aged, xenobiotic metabolism, enzyme activity, aged, female, priority journal, real time polymerase chain reaction, Gastritis, cytochrome P450 1A1, stomach, CYP P450 isoforms, cytochrome P450, mRNA, alcohol consumption, digestive system, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Stomach Neoplasms, Humans, controlled study, human, RNA, Messenger, cytochrome P450 2D6, multigene family, DNA Primers, Chi-Square Distribution, Helicobacter pylori, drug metabolism, human tissue, Real-time RT-PCR, cytochrome P450 2C, chronic gastritis, gene expression, gastrointestinal tract, epithelium cell
Abstract

Background/Aims: Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) comprises a multigene family of microsomal enzymes that metabolize a wide variety of xenobiotics, including drugs and carcinogens. Although the a number of CYP enzymes were also detected in epithelial cells along the gastrointestinal tract, little is known about the expression of CYP genes in gastric tissue. Methodology: In this study, the expression patterns of CYP isoforms was investigated in a total of 14 antral biopsy tissues obtained from the patients with either chronic gastritis (n=6) or cancer (n=8) by gene-specific real-time reverse transcriptase -PCR analyses. We employed primer sets specific for CYPs -1A1, -1A2, -2A6, -2B6, -2C, -2D6, -2E1, and -3A5. Results: Among the isoforms CYP1A1, CYP2C and CYP2D6 gave rise to detectable mRNAs in all 14 gastric tissues while the mRNAs for the other CYPs were detected in some of the tissues. The expression patterns were compared to clinical parameters. There were no significant differences in the parameters between the two groups; however the mRNA expression of CYP2A6 was significantly higher in women than man (p

Published
2010

37. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in selected countries

Author

Bruggmann, P, Berg, T, Øvrehus, ALH, Moreno, C, Brandão Mello, CE, Roudot-Thoraval, F, Marinho, RT, Sherman, M, Ryder, SD, Sperl, J, Akarca, U, Balık, I, Bihl, F, Bilodeau, M, Blasco, AJ, Buti, M, Calinas, F, Calleja, JL, Cheinquer, H, Christensen, PB, Clausen, M, Coelho, HSM, Cornberg, M, Cramp, ME, Dore, GJ, Doss, W, Duberg, AS, El-Sayed, MH, Ergör, G, Esmat, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Félix, J, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Frankova, S, García-Samaniego, J, Gerstoft, J, Giria, JA, Gonçales, FL, Gower, E, Gschwantler, M, Guimarães Pessôa, M, Hézode, C, Hofer, H, Husa, P, Idilman, R, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kautz, A, Kaymakoglu, S, Krajden, M, Krarup, H, Laleman, W, Lavanchy, D, Lázaro, P, Marotta, P, Mauss, S, Mendes Correa, MC, Müllhaupt, B, Myers, RP, Negro, F, Nemecek, V, Örmeci, N, Parkes, J, Peltekian, KM, Ramji, A, Razavi, H, Reis, N, Roberts, SK, Rosenberg, WM, Sarmento-Castro, R, Sarrazin, C, Semela, D, Shiha, GE, Sievert, W, Stärkel, P, Stauber, RE, Thompson, AJ, Urbanek, P, van Thiel, I, Van Vlierberghe, H, Vandijck, D, Vogel, W, Waked, I, Wedemeyer, H, Weis, N, Wiegand, J, Yosry, A, Zekry, A, Van Damme, P, Aleman, S, Hindman, SJ, Bruggmann, P, Berg, T, Øvrehus, ALH, Moreno, C, Brandão Mello, CE, Roudot-Thoraval, F, Marinho, RT, Sherman, M, Ryder, SD, Sperl, J, Akarca, U, Balık, I, Bihl, F, Bilodeau, M, Blasco, AJ, Buti, M, Calinas, F, Calleja, JL, Cheinquer, H, Christensen, PB, Clausen, M, Coelho, HSM, Cornberg, M, Cramp, ME, Dore, GJ, Doss, W, Duberg, AS, El-Sayed, MH, Ergör, G, Esmat, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Félix, J, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Frankova, S, García-Samaniego, J, Gerstoft, J, Giria, JA, Gonçales, FL, Gower, E, Gschwantler, M, Guimarães Pessôa, M, Hézode, C, Hofer, H, Husa, P, Idilman, R, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kautz, A, Kaymakoglu, S, Krajden, M, Krarup, H, Laleman, W, Lavanchy, D, Lázaro, P, Marotta, P, Mauss, S, Mendes Correa, MC, Müllhaupt, B, Myers, RP, Negro, F, Nemecek, V, Örmeci, N, Parkes, J, Peltekian, KM, Ramji, A, Razavi, H, Reis, N, Roberts, SK, Rosenberg, WM, Sarmento-Castro, R, Sarrazin, C, Semela, D, Shiha, GE, Sievert, W, Stärkel, P, Stauber, RE, Thompson, AJ, Urbanek, P, van Thiel, I, Van Vlierberghe, H, Vandijck, D, Vogel, W, Waked, I, Wedemeyer, H, Weis, N, Wiegand, J, Yosry, A, Zekry, A, Van Damme, P, Aleman, S, and Hindman, SJ

Abstract

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading indicator for liver disease. New treatment options are becoming available, and there is a need to characterize the epidemiology and disease burden of HCV. Data for prevalence, viremia, genotype, diagnosis and treatment were obtained through literature searches and expert consensus for 16 countries. For some countries, data from centralized registries were used to estimate diagnosis and treatment rates. Data for the number of liver transplants and the proportion attributable to HCV were obtained from centralized databases. Viremic prevalence estimates varied widely between countries, ranging from 0.3% in Austria, England and Germany to 8.5% in Egypt. The largest viremic populations were in Egypt, with 6,358,000 cases in 2008 and Brazil with 2,106,000 cases in 2007. The age distribution of cases differed between countries. In most countries, prevalence rates were higher among males, reflecting higher rates of injection drug use. Diagnosis, treatment and transplant levels also differed considerably between countries. Reliable estimates characterizing HCV-infected populations are critical for addressing HCV-related morbidity and mortality. There is a need to quantify the burden of chronic HCV infection at the national level.

Published
2014

38. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease burden

Author

Wedemeyer, H, Duberg, AS, Buti, M, Rosenberg, WM, Frankova, S, Esmat, G, Örmeci, N, Van Vlierberghe, H, Gschwantler, M, Akarca, U, Aleman, S, Balık, I, Berg, T, Bihl, F, Bilodeau, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandão Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Calinas, F, Calleja, JL, Cheinquer, H, Christensen, PB, Clausen, M, Coelho, HSM, Cornberg, M, Cramp, ME, Dore, GJ, Doss, W, El-Sayed, MH, Ergör, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Félix, J, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, García-Samaniego, J, Gerstoft, J, Giria, JA, Gonçales, FL, Guimarães Pessôa, M, Hézode, C, Hindman, SJ, Hofer, H, Husa, P, Idilman, R, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kautz, A, Kaymakoglu, S, Krajden, M, Krarup, H, Laleman, W, Lavanchy, D, Lázaro, P, Marinho, RT, Marotta, P, Mauss, S, Mendes Correa, MC, Moreno, C, Müllhaupt, B, Myers, RP, Nemecek, V, Øvrehus, ALH, Parkes, J, Peltekian, KM, Ramji, A, Razavi, H, Reis, N, Roberts, SK, Roudot-Thoraval, F, Ryder, SD, Sarmento-Castro, R, Sarrazin, C, Semela, D, Sherman, M, Shiha, GE, Sperl, J, Stärkel, P, Stauber, RE, Thompson, AJ, Urbanek, P, Van Damme, P, van Thiel, I, Vandijck, D, Vogel, W, Waked, I, Weis, N, Wiegand, J, Yosry, A, Zekry, A, Negro, F, Sievert, W, Gower, E, Wedemeyer, H, Duberg, AS, Buti, M, Rosenberg, WM, Frankova, S, Esmat, G, Örmeci, N, Van Vlierberghe, H, Gschwantler, M, Akarca, U, Aleman, S, Balık, I, Berg, T, Bihl, F, Bilodeau, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandão Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Calinas, F, Calleja, JL, Cheinquer, H, Christensen, PB, Clausen, M, Coelho, HSM, Cornberg, M, Cramp, ME, Dore, GJ, Doss, W, El-Sayed, MH, Ergör, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Félix, J, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, García-Samaniego, J, Gerstoft, J, Giria, JA, Gonçales, FL, Guimarães Pessôa, M, Hézode, C, Hindman, SJ, Hofer, H, Husa, P, Idilman, R, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kautz, A, Kaymakoglu, S, Krajden, M, Krarup, H, Laleman, W, Lavanchy, D, Lázaro, P, Marinho, RT, Marotta, P, Mauss, S, Mendes Correa, MC, Moreno, C, Müllhaupt, B, Myers, RP, Nemecek, V, Øvrehus, ALH, Parkes, J, Peltekian, KM, Ramji, A, Razavi, H, Reis, N, Roberts, SK, Roudot-Thoraval, F, Ryder, SD, Sarmento-Castro, R, Sarrazin, C, Semela, D, Sherman, M, Shiha, GE, Sperl, J, Stärkel, P, Stauber, RE, Thompson, AJ, Urbanek, P, Van Damme, P, van Thiel, I, Vandijck, D, Vogel, W, Waked, I, Weis, N, Wiegand, J, Yosry, A, Zekry, A, Negro, F, Sievert, W, and Gower, E

Abstract

The number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is projected to decline while those with advanced liver disease will increase. A modeling approach was used to forecast two treatment scenarios: (i) the impact of increased treatment efficacy while keeping the number of treated patients constant and (ii) increasing efficacy and treatment rate. This analysis suggests that successful diagnosis and treatment of a small proportion of patients can contribute significantly to the reduction of disease burden in the countries studied. The largest reduction in HCV-related morbidity and mortality occurs when increased treatment is combined with higher efficacy therapies, generally in combination with increased diagnosis. With a treatment rate of approximately 10%, this analysis suggests it is possible to achieve elimination of HCV (defined as a >90% decline in total infections by 2030). However, for most countries presented, this will require a 3-5 fold increase in diagnosis and/or treatment. Thus, building the public health and clinical provider capacity for improved diagnosis and treatment will be critical.

Published
2014

39. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with today's treatment paradigm

Author

Razavi, H, Waked, I, Sarrazin, C, Myers, RP, Idilman, R, Calinas, F, Vogel, W, Mendes Correa, MC, Hézode, C, Lázaro, P, Akarca, U, Aleman, S, Balık, I, Berg, T, Bihl, F, Bilodeau, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandão Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Buti, M, Calleja, JL, Cheinquer, H, Christensen, PB, Clausen, M, Coelho, HSM, Cramp, ME, Dore, GJ, Doss, W, Duberg, AS, El-Sayed, MH, Ergör, G, Esmat, G, Falconer, K, Félix, J, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Frankova, S, García-Samaniego, J, Gerstoft, J, Giria, JA, Gonçales, FL, Gower, E, Gschwantler, M, Guimarães Pessôa, M, Hindman, SJ, Hofer, H, Husa, P, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kautz, A, Kaymakoglu, S, Krajden, M, Krarup, H, Laleman, W, Lavanchy, D, Marinho, RT, Marotta, P, Mauss, S, Moreno, C, Murphy, K, Negro, F, Nemecek, V, Örmeci, N, Øvrehus, ALH, Parkes, J, Pasini, K, Peltekian, KM, Ramji, A, Reis, N, Roberts, SK, Rosenberg, WM, Roudot-Thoraval, F, Ryder, SD, Sarmento-Castro, R, Semela, D, Sherman, M, Shiha, GE, Sievert, W, Sperl, J, Stärkel, P, Stauber, RE, Thompson, AJ, Urbanek, P, Van Damme, P, van Thiel, I, Van Vlierberghe, H, Vandijck, D, Wedemeyer, H, Weis, N, Wiegand, J, Yosry, A, Zekry, A, Cornberg, M, Müllhaupt, B, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Waked, I, Sarrazin, C, Myers, RP, Idilman, R, Calinas, F, Vogel, W, Mendes Correa, MC, Hézode, C, Lázaro, P, Akarca, U, Aleman, S, Balık, I, Berg, T, Bihl, F, Bilodeau, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandão Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Buti, M, Calleja, JL, Cheinquer, H, Christensen, PB, Clausen, M, Coelho, HSM, Cramp, ME, Dore, GJ, Doss, W, Duberg, AS, El-Sayed, MH, Ergör, G, Esmat, G, Falconer, K, Félix, J, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Frankova, S, García-Samaniego, J, Gerstoft, J, Giria, JA, Gonçales, FL, Gower, E, Gschwantler, M, Guimarães Pessôa, M, Hindman, SJ, Hofer, H, Husa, P, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kautz, A, Kaymakoglu, S, Krajden, M, Krarup, H, Laleman, W, Lavanchy, D, Marinho, RT, Marotta, P, Mauss, S, Moreno, C, Murphy, K, Negro, F, Nemecek, V, Örmeci, N, Øvrehus, ALH, Parkes, J, Pasini, K, Peltekian, KM, Ramji, A, Reis, N, Roberts, SK, Rosenberg, WM, Roudot-Thoraval, F, Ryder, SD, Sarmento-Castro, R, Semela, D, Sherman, M, Shiha, GE, Sievert, W, Sperl, J, Stärkel, P, Stauber, RE, Thompson, AJ, Urbanek, P, Van Damme, P, van Thiel, I, Van Vlierberghe, H, Vandijck, D, Wedemeyer, H, Weis, N, Wiegand, J, Yosry, A, Zekry, A, Cornberg, M, Müllhaupt, B, and Estes, C

Abstract

The disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is expected to increase as the infected population ages. A modelling approach was used to estimate the total number of viremic infections, diagnosed, treated and new infections in 2013. In addition, the model was used to estimate the change in the total number of HCV infections, the disease progression and mortality in 2013-2030. Finally, expert panel consensus was used to capture current treatment practices in each country. Using today's treatment paradigm, the total number of HCV infections is projected to decline or remain flat in all countries studied. However, in the same time period, the number of individuals with late-stage liver disease is projected to increase. This study concluded that the current treatment rate and efficacy are not sufficient to manage the disease burden of HCV. Thus, alternative strategies are required to keep the number of HCV individuals with advanced liver disease and liver-related deaths from increasing.

Published
2014

41. Karaciğer nakli sonrası ortaya çıkan bilyer anastomoz darlıklarının endoskopik tedavisinin sonuçları

Author

Akay, S., zeki karasu, Ersöz, G., Kiliç, M., Akyildiz, M., Günşar, F., Akarca, U., Batur, Y., Ilter, T., and Ege Üniversitesi

Subjects
Adult, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Reoperation, Cholestasis, Adolescent, Turkey, Cholangitis, Anastomosis, Surgical, Constriction, Pathologic, Middle Aged, Catheterization, Liver Transplantation, Treatment Outcome, Recurrence, Choledochostomy, Humans, Female, Stents, Biliary Tract, Cerrahi, Follow-Up Studies, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Amaç: Anastomoz bilyer darlıkları karaciğer nakli sonrası sıklıkla ortaya çıkabilen komplikasyonlardır. Karaciğer nakli sonrası ortaya çıkan anastomoz bilyer darlıklarının tedavisinde ERCP'nin başarısını değerlendirdik. Yöntem: İkiyüzonaltı karaciğer nakli hastasının 20'sinde 32 ERCP uygulandı. Bulgular: Hastaların beşinde darlığın kılavuz ile gecikmemesi nedeniyle ERCP başarısız olmuştur. Hastaların dördü sadece balon dilatasyonu ile tedavi edilirken bunlardan ikisi 24 ve 8 aydır nükssüz olarak takip edilmektedir. Sekiz hastaya primer tedavi olarak balon dilatasyonu ile beraber plastik stent uygulanması yapılmıştır. Bunların altısında, takibin geri kalanında (22±13 ay) anastomoz açık kalmıştır. Beşinde ilk stentle-me sonrası darlık nüks etmiş ve tekrar stentleme gerekirken, dördünde üçüncü stentleme ve üçünde dördüncü stentleme ihtiyacı olmuştur. Sonuç: Endoskopik balon dilatasyonu ve stentleme karaciğer nakli sonrası ortaya çıkan anastomoz bilyer darlıklarının tedavisinde etkili ve güvenli bir yoldur., Background/aims: Anastomotic biliary strictures are common biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation. We assessed the success of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP) in the treatment and outcome of post-liver transplantation anastomotic biliary strictures in a university hospital, retrospectively. Methods:Thirty-three ERCPs were performed in 20 of 162 adult liver transplant recipients with duct to duct anastomosis. Results:In five patients, ERCP failed because the stricture could not be passed with guidewire. Four patients were treated with balloon dilatation only; two of them are recurrence-free with a follow-up of 24 and 8 months. Eleven patients had balloon dilatation and plastic stent placement as their primary treatment modality. In six of them, the anastomosis remained patent for the rest of the follow-up (22 ± 13 months). Five patients had stricture recurrence after first stenting which necessitated re-stenting; four of them required a third, and three had a fourth stenting. Conclusions: Endoscopic balloon dilatation and stenting are safe and effective means of treatment of anastomotic biliary strictures following liver transplantation.

Published
2006

42. Polymorphisms ofHLA-DPare associated with response to peginterferon in Caucasian patients with chronic hepatitis B

Author

Brouwer, W. P., primary, Sonneveld, M. J., additional, Tabak, F., additional, Simon, K., additional, Cakaloglu, Y., additional, Akarca, U. S., additional, Zeuzem, S., additional, Ferenci, P., additional, Heathcote, J. E., additional, de Knegt, R. J., additional, Boonstra, A., additional, Hansen, B. E., additional, and Janssen, H. L. A., additional

Published
2014
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45. Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A multicenter study

Author

Sarioglu, M, Akarca, U, Sonsuz, A, Duman, D, Tankut, E, Degertekin, H, Uzunalimoglu, O, Çukurova Üniversitesi, and Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi

Abstract

38th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver -- MAR 29-APR 01, 2003 -- ISTANBUL, TURKEY Sonsuz, Prof.Dr.Abdullah/0000-0002-8336-5472; bozdayi, mithat/0000-0002-2785-1804 WOS: 000182174500685 … European Assoc Study Liver

Published
2003

46. Low rates of nucleos(t)ide-associated adverse events in the long-term experience with entecavir.

Author

Beebe S., Sievert W., Pangerl A., Yu M., Wongcharatrawee S., Mason N., Manns M., Akarca U., Chang T.T., Yoon S.K., Tsai N., Min A., Beebe S., Sievert W., Pangerl A., Yu M., Wongcharatrawee S., Mason N., Manns M., Akarca U., Chang T.T., Yoon S.K., Tsai N., and Min A.

Abstract

Introduction: In Phase III studies evaluating treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), entecavir demonstrated superior efficacy compared to lamivudine and a comparable safety and tolerability profile. Long-term safety data from the rollover study ETV-901 are reviewed, focussing on adverse events (AEs) with a potential nucleos (t)ide association. Method(s): Long-term cumulative safety and tolerability results are based on investigator-reported AEs, regardless of causal relationship. Result(s): Median exposure to entecavir in ETV-901 was 168 weeks. Of the 1045 treated patients, 402 (38%) had received entecavir for =5 years at the time of analysis. Also, 488 (47%) patients had additional prior entecavir exposure from Phase II or III participation. Baseline characteristics were: mean age 41 years; 804 (77%) male, 539 (52%) Asian, and 480 (46%) Caucasian. The most common AEs (=10%) were upper respiratory tract infection, headache and nasopharyngitis. On-treatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flares were reported in 3% of patients. The cumulative rate of serious AEs was 15%. Discontinuations due to AEs were 1% (n=13), and generally (n=11) occurred during the first 2 years of ETV-901. Selected AEs with a potential nucleos(t)ide association are described below. Conclusion(s): Entecavir is a safe and well-tolerated treatment for patients with CHB and compensated liver disease. Long-term administration of entecavir was associated with low rates of serious AEs, discontinuations due to AEs and ALT flares. Spontaneous reports of AEs potentially associated with nucleos(t)ide use occurred at low rates.

Published
2011

49. Loss of intrahepatic HBs Ag expression predicts sustained response to peginterferon and is reflected by pronounced serum HBs Ag decline.

Author

Arends, P., Rijckborst, V., Zondervan, P. E., Buster, E., Cakaloglu, Y., Ferenci, P., Tabak, F., Akarca, U. S., Simon, K., Sonneveld, M. J., Hansen, B. E., and Janssen, H. L. A.

Subjects
CHRONIC hepatitis B, CELL surface antigens, HEPATITIS associated antigen, INTERFERONS, LIVER biopsy, HEPATITIS B -- Immunological aspects, GENE expression, PATIENTS
Abstract

There is a lack of knowledge regarding the effect of peginterferon ( PEG- IFN) on the expression of intrahepatic hepatitis B core and surface antigen ( HBc Ag and HBs Ag) in chronic hepatitis B ( CHB) and its relation with response to therapy. Fifty-two HBe Ag-positive and 67 HBe Ag-negative CHB patients with paired liver biopsies taken at baseline and after 1 year of PEG- IFN therapy were studied. After PEG- IFN therapy, HBe Ag-negative patients showed a significant reduction in both intrahepatic HBc Ag ( P = 0.04) and HBs Ag expression ( P < 0.001). In contrast, a reduction in intrahepatic HBc Ag expression was not observed in HBe Ag-positive patients, while a trend in reduction of intrahepatic HBs Ag staining was found ( P = 0.09). Post-treatment, 7 (13%) HBe Ag-positive and 9 (14%) HBe Ag-negative patients had no expression of intrahepatic HBs Ag. Patients without any intrahepatic HBs Ag expression post-treatment were more likely to achieve a combined response ( HBe Ag loss with hepatitis B virus ( HBV) DNA <2000 IU/mL for HBe Ag -positive and HBV DNA <2000 IU/mL and normal alanine aminotransferase for HBe Ag-negative CHB): 71% vs 5% for HBe Ag-positive ( P < 0.001) and 60% vs 16% for HBe Ag-negative patients ( P = 0.004), respectively. Moreover, a more profound decline of serum HBs Ag was observed in patients with absence of intrahepatic HBs Ag staining (3.1 vs 0.4 log IU/mL, P < 0.001 and 1.7 vs 0.4 log IU/mL, P = 0.005 for HBe Ag-positive and HBe Ag-negative CHB, respectively). In conclusion, PEG- IFN reduces expression of intrahepatic HBs Ag. Loss of HBs Ag as assessed by immunohistochemistry from the liver predicts a sustained response and is reflected in a pronounced serum HBs Ag decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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