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The purpose of this study is to analyse the content knowledge on graphs of pre-service elementary mathematics teachers from an anthropological perspective. 112 pre-service elementary mathematics teachers participated in the study. Concentric mixed pattern research method has been used in the study. The data was collected through Graphic Content Knowledge Scale and interview method in order to examine the content knowledge of primary school math teacher candidates related to graphics anthropologically. This scale which was developed within the frame of determined institutional recognitions includes graphic concept and its usage conditions, graphic types and different display forms, making proper transformations between graphics related to a given context, graphic reading, graphic interpreting and graphic drawing skills. In addition, for the purpose of having a more detailed review of the individual recognitions of the 10 participants, a semi-structured interview scale has been developed and used during the interviews. Data acquired have been analysed by using ecologic and praxiologic approach suggested within the framework of Anthropological Theory of the Didactic. The knowledge scale and interview data have been subjected to content analysis and descriptive analysis to interpret the individual recognitions of the pre-service teachers within the scope of institutional recognitions. As a result, it has been observed that the individual recognitions of pre-service teachers related to column, circle and line graphs conform to the institutional recognitions, however in institutional recognitions the techniques specified for column graphs are being used for histogram, hence they have difficulties in comprehending the differences between histogram and column graph. It has also been concluded that they were not aware of a theory based on graph knowledge.

Aim: It was carried out to evaluate the effect of spirituality and spirituality on psychosocial resilience in women during the pandemic period. Material and Method: It is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of 335 women who met the research criteria. The research was carried out between April 2022 and June 2022 in a province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Personal data formula, Spirituality and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale were used to collect data. Results: The average score women received from the spirituality scale was 108.21±13.81, and the average score they received from the short endurance scale was 19.84±4.65. Spirituality levels were statistically significant between those who spent the COVID-19 disease process in the hospital and those who spent it at home (p<0.05). As women’s spirituality levels increased, their psychological resilience levels also increased (p<0.05). There is a positive relationship between women’s spirituality levels and psychological resilience. Conclusion: Women with high levels of spirituality have a higher potential to cope with challenges such as epidemics and pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effect of the interactive training about family planning given to married women on family planning attitudes. Material and Method: The study was quasi-experimental; the sample consisted of 60 women who met the sampling criteria. The Family Planning Attitude Scale was applied to the married women who agreed to participate in the study, with a questionnaire created by the researcher. After the pretest was applied to the women, educational material was created, interactive training was given, and posttest was applied. The IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version package program was used to evaluate the data of the study. Results: The scores of the women before the training are 47.40±11.98 as the sub-dimension regarding society, 40.57±8.80 as the sub-dimension regarding the method, 27.30±6.93 as the sub-dimension regarding pregnancy, and 115.27±24.46 as sub-dimension regarding total family planning attitude scale. The scores of the women in the posttest applied after the training; sub-dimension for society was 47.88±9.40, the sub-dimension 48.75±5.71 for method, 31.08±5.38 for pregnancy, and the total score for the family planning attitude scale was 127.72±17.07. The difference between the pretest and posttest mean scores of the women’s total family planning attitude scale, contraceptive methods, and subscales related to pregnancy is statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that the difference between the attitude towards pregnancy subscale according to the contraceptive use status of the women was significant. Women who use family planning methods have a higher attitude towards pregnancy. Women are thought to develop a positive attitude towards contraceptive use as their knowledge about contraceptive methods increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]