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Objective: Ventricular extrasystole is one of the most common rhythm disorders in children, and almost all of them are characterized by normal cardiac functions without structural cardiac abnormalities. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical course of ventricular extrasystole in children who did not have cardiac structural abnormalities. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 24-hour rhythm Holter recordings performed in our clinic in children. Patients diagnosed with isolated ventricular extrasystole in Holter records and without structural heart disease on echocardiography were included in the evaluation. Results: A total of 20 160 Holter results were evaluated in the study, and 226 patients (male; 66%) met the criteria. The mean follow-up time was 8.7 ± 3.2 years. While 81.8% of the patients were asymptomatic, the most common symptom was palpitation and 5 patients had syncope. Of the patients, 72 (31.8%) received medical therapy. Beta-blockers were the most often prescribed medication. Cardiomyopathy did not develop in any of the patients during the followup period. A partial reduction in the frequency of ventricular extrasystole was observed in 42% of the patients, while complete recovery was observed in 22%. Conclusion: Ventricular extrasystole in children generally has a good prognosis; most of them are asymptomatic, and the rates of spontaneous regression over time are quite high, regardless of the origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of a novel method of narrowing pulmonary arteries with catheter angiography using radiofrequency energy in rabbits., Methods: A total of nine New Zealand white rabbits weighing 3.0 to 4.2 kg each were utilized in this experimental study. After the location of pulmonary artery was confirmed by echocardiography and angiography, radiofrequency energy was applied by starting with 5 W energy for the first time and increasing by 5 W, if there was no rupture to a maximum of 20 W. Multiple applications of radiofrequency energy with different durations were performed at different levels of the pulmonary artery. Eight weeks later, surviving rabbits were sacrificed. The pulmonary arteries were removed for histological investigation., Results: Five rabbits remained alive after the experiment. There was a significant correlation between radiofrequency power and the degree of vessel thickness change in the pulmonary artery. The endothelial integrity of the tunica intima was impaired in all groups and the diameter of vessel was thickened by an average of 3.5 times., Conclusion: The narrowing of the pulmonary artery using radiofrequency energy was successfully performed in a small sample size of experimental animals in this study., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2022, Turkish Society of Cardiovascular Surgery.)

Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic pathology that affects many organ systems, appears after dysregulated immune response in genetically predisposed patients. Inner organ involvement has been shown in various autoimmune diseases because of its immunosensitivity. In this study, we aimed at showing sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) as a result of possible subclinical inflammation in patients with IBD during the remission period., Materials and Methods: We included 32 children with IBD and 31 healthy volunteers with comparable sex and age. Detailed ear-nose-throat examination was conducted for all, and patients were excluded if they had a history of ear infectionor trauma. Thereafter, the results of pure tone audiometry (PTA), high-frequency audiometry, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions testing were compared between the groups., Results: There were no differences in terms of age, sex, and PTA values between controls and children with IBD. No statistical differences were found between responses at 250; 500; 2,000; 4,000; DP1000; DP1400; DP2000; DP2800;and DP4000 Hz as well as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at 1,000 Hz when the controls and children with IBD (p>0.05 for all) were compared. However, the mean responses at 1,000; 8,000; 10,000; 12,500; 16,000; SNR1400; SNR2000; SNR2800; and SNR4000Hz of the children with IBD were significantly higher than those of the controls (p<0.05 for all)., Conclusion: Initial SNHL appears at high frequencies in pediatric patients with IBD.