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Developing an efficient character recognition system is supposed to be a very challenging research problem. In the present work, an offline handwritten Hindi character recognition technique is proposed using Zernike moments as the descriptor of character image with a feature selection algorithm. For feature selection, use of the Genetic algorithm is proposed to reduce the length of the feature vector. The core idea of the paper is to first generate the significant Zernike complex moments and then to select the most relevant moments using the Genetic algorithm which are in turn used to classify the individual characters. The significance of low-order as well as high-order Zernike moments is also studied in recognizing the first ten consonants of Hindi script. Two resilient backpropagation classifiers are trained one for the feature vector without selection and another one for feature vector obtained after selection. The average character recognition accuracies obtained are 90% and 94.3%, respectively.

The problem of character recognition may be categorized into two categories-recognition of printed characters and recognition of handwritten characters. Further, the problem of handwritten character recognition is categorized into two categories-recognition of offline handwritten characters and recognition of online characters. This paper presents an extensive overview of research work, which have been done for recognizing the offline handwritten characters using the various approaches like-ANNs, Fuzzy Logic, Genetic algorithms, SVM, KNN Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Bacterial Foraging, Clonal Selection Algorithm etc. and discuss their performance in terms of accuracy of recognizing the characters.

Over the last decade, ERP systems have assumed great importance in the IT sector because it offers myriad benefits which include sales forecasting, centralization of data, order tracking, decision support, competitive edge, and many more. To achieve all such kinds of benefits, FOSS (Free and Open Size Systems) are gaining importance in the IT industries. The main objective of this research paper is to study how well Open ERP Systems can be implemented on SMEs. This research paper aims to throw light on how ERP systems can be implemented on SME’S(Small and Mid Size Enterprises, carefully analyzing three things ; one :The model of Free and Open Source Systems has been refined over the years , how that change will affect the future development of ERPs ,two : The business environment for SME’s has become more complex through globalization, resulting in a need to develop more advanced technology , three :challenges faced by the ERP vendors while developing such an ERP for SMEs.

Security itself has unique usability challenges because the requirements of security often standard human-computer-interaction approaches cannot be directly applied. An important usability goal for authentication systems is to support users in selecting better passwords, thus increasing security by expanding the effective password space. We examine the security of knowledge based graphical passwords and their techniques. In our analysis we present the results of an initial users study which present the statically analysis of knowledge technique.