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Facial stigmata associated with one's assigned gender can be very distressing for the gender dysphoric patient. The lower face and neck contain several structures that play a significant role in their ability to "pass" as their desired gender. Clinical recognition and modification of these structures will allow the patient to have facial and neck features that are consistent with their desired gender. This article reviews the techniques of mandibular angle contouring, genioplasty, chondrolaryngoplasty, facelift, and neck lift as they pertain to the feminization and masculinization of the face and neck of the patient with gender dysphoria.

Facial stigmata associated with one's assigned gender can be very distressing for the gender dysphoric patient. The lower face and neck contain several structures that play a significant role in their ability to "pass" as their desired gender. Clinical recognition and modification of these structures will allow the patient to have facial and neck features that are consistent with their desired gender. This article reviews the techniques of mandibular angle contouring, genioplasty, chondrolaryngoplasty, facelift, and neck lift as they pertain to the feminization and masculinization of the face and neck of the patient with gender dysphoria.

L'art contemporain contribue à représenter et à définir l'identité sociale et culturelle de notre temps. Le droit national et supranational représente et définit les règles de nos actes pour la gestion des relations sociales. D'une part l'art ne connait pas de limites, d’autre part, le droit établit règles et limites. Le droit jusqu’à présent n’a pas établi de limites à la création artistique, et, en ce qui concerne l’art public, il n’est intervenu qu’en donnant des limites quantitatives (qui caractérisent les dimensions de l’œuvre) et non esthétiques ou éthiques. En partant de la constatation que l’art public aujourd’hui a des nouvelles caractéristiques, comme la spécificité de sa réalisation (site specific) et la relation avec le public, nous essaierons de montrer les lacunes et l’embarras du droit vis-à-vis de l’art public. Les tensions entre l’artiste, le public et l’œuvre ne peuvent être résolues par des interventions sporadiques, nées de conflits et d’urgences, ni limitées par des paramètres et des contraintes préventives. Nous montrerons que pour atteindre ce nouvel équilibre entre les acteurs, sans brimer l’art et la créativité de l’artiste, il faut se concentrer sur deux notions : la responsabilité et le devoir d’information, autant de la part du maître de l’ouvrage qui finance l’œuvre avec des fonds publics que de celle de l’artiste qui exécute l’œuvre. Ces deux notions renvoient en échange au droit des citoyens à être informés et sensibilisés

While isomorphism of knowledge representation has been recognized as important, particularly to maintenance in legal knowledge representation, the requirements of the maintenance process in general get less attention. Traceability from knowledge resources used in the organization to the sources of law used in their production is a central maintenance issue in administrative organizations. This paper explores a mediating knowledge representation for reconstruction of traces to sources of law and to implementation knowledge resources, that should be helpful for analysis of the impact of changing sources of law.

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections in swine are one of the major challenges in pig production in Nigeria. It causes substantial reproductive losses, poor reproductive performance and production in swine industry. Internal parasites are known to deteriorate the wellbeing of pigs by robbing the essential nutrients that are required for optimum reproduction and productivity. It also injured some vital organs which play key role in metabolic activities and assimilation process. The consequences are anorexia, poor growth rate, anaemia, emaciation, infertility and condemnation of affected organs after slaughter. The study was designed to collect two hundred feacal samples from 4 local government area (Laminga, Tammah, Nasarawa and Kusa) of Nasarawa state between (March to July 2015). Fifty samples were randomly collected from each local government areas within the study period. The samples collected were evaluated microscopically for different prevalence of gastro intestinal parasites GIT in pigs. Five species of gastrointestinal parasites were identified with prevalence of 13.5 % for Ascaris suum and strongyloides while Fasciola, trichuris suis cyst and Oesophagustomum oocyst had a prevalence of 7.5 % and 2.5 % respectively. A prevalence of 61.5 % was observed as overall species prevalence in the 200 fecal samples analysed. Therefore, there is a need for combined efforts to control parasites infections for optimum production of pigs and prevention of zoonotic helminthiasis.

After what we can call "Digital Revolution" we need to redefine our approach to technologies and science. We need a new cultural approach to technologies.

Studio casistico sugli usi giurisprudenziali della clausola della ragionevolezza nel diritto contrattuale cinese. L'analisi si apre anche a considerazioni legate alla prospettiva analitica di "law and language".

The contributions presented at the Conference 'Approaching the Multilanguage Complexity of European Law: Methodologies in Comparison' (European University Institute of Florence, 17th November 2006) offer a wide spectrum of analyses and reflections on the multilanguage complexity of European law, drawn from different disciplines as European law, comparative law, legal theory, jurilinguistics, legal translation, and knowledge engineering. The diverse but complementary methodologies emerging within such disciplines need to be integrated for handling legal knowledge in a way which respects the conceptual and linguistic diversity of the existing legal traditions while guaranteeing the unity of European law. An integrated multidisciplinary approach to multilingual legal knowledge can indeed enable European lawyers and policy-makers to better understand each other and to improve their understanding of legal language

I shall compare two views of legal concepts: as nodes in inferential nets and as categories in an ontology (a conceptual architecture). Firstly, I shall introduce the inferential approach, consider its implications, and distinguish the mere possession of an inferentially defined concept from its endorsement, which also involves the acceptance of the concept’s constitutive inferences. For making this distinction, I shall combine the inferential and eliminative analysis of legal concepts proposed by Alf Ross with the views of theoretical concepts in science advanced by Frank Ramsey and Rudolf Carnap. Then, I shall consider how concepts can be characterised by defining the corresponding terms and placing them within an ontology. Finally, I shall argue that there is a tension between the inferential and the ontological approach, but that both need to be taken into account, to capture the meaning and the cognitive function of legal concepts