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The measurement process of ground shock wave overpressure is influenced by complex field conditions, leading to notable errors in peak measurements. This study introduces a novel pressure measurement model that utilizes the Rankine−Hugoniot relation and an equilateral ternary array. The research delves into examining the influence of three key parameters (array size, shock wave incidence angle, and velocity) on the precision of pressure measurement through detailed simulations. The accuracy is compared with that of a dual-sensor array under the same conditions. Static explosion tests were conducted using bare charges of 0.3 kg and 3 kg TNT to verify the numerical simulation results. The findings indicate that the equilateral ternary array shock wave pressure measurement method demonstrates a strong anti-interference capability. It effectively reduces the peak overpressure error measured directly by the shock wave pressure sensor from 17.73% to 1.25% in the test environment. Furthermore, this method allows for velocity-based measurement of shock wave overpressure peaks in all propagation direction, with a maximum measurement error of 3.59% for shock wave overpressure peaks ≤ 9.08 MPa.