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647 results on '"Aitken, Leanne M."'

2. Design of Clinical Trials Evaluating Sedation in Critically Ill Adults Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: Recommendations From Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research (SCEPTER) Recommendation III

Author

Ward, Denham S, Absalom, Anthony R, Aitken, Leanne M, Balas, Michele C, Brown, David L, Burry, Lisa, Colantuoni, Elizabeth, Coursin, Douglas, Devlin, John W, Dexter, Franklin, Dworkin, Robert H, Egan, Talmage D, Elliott, Doug, Egerod, Ingrid, Flood, Pamela, Fraser, Gilles L, Girard, Timothy D, Gozal, David, Hopkins, Ramona O, Kress, John, Maze, Mervyn, Needham, Dale M, Pandharipande, Pratik, Riker, Richard, Sessler, Daniel I, Shafer, Steven L, Shehabi, Yahya, Spies, Claudia, Sun, Lena S, Tung, Avery, and Urman, Richard D

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Patient Safety, Generic health relevance, Quality Education, Congresses as Topic, Consensus, Delphi Technique, District of Columbia, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Respiration, Artificial, Time Factors, clinical trial, intensive care, outcome assessments, research methodology, sedation, Nursing, Public Health and Health Services, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Clinical sciences
Abstract

ObjectivesClinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of sedative medication use in critically ill adults undergoing mechanical ventilation differ considerably in their methodological approach. This heterogeneity impedes the ability to compare results across studies. The Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research Recommendations convened a meeting of multidisciplinary experts to develop recommendations for key methodologic elements of sedation trials in the ICU to help guide academic and industry clinical investigators.DesignA 2-day in-person meeting was held in Washington, DC, on March 28-29, 2019, followed by a three-round, online modified Delphi consensus process.ParticipantsThirty-six participants from academia, industry, and the Food and Drug Administration with expertise in relevant content areas, including two former ICU patients attended the in-person meeting, and the majority completed an online follow-up survey and participated in the modified Delphi process.Measurements and main resultsThe final recommendations were iteratively refined based on the survey results, participants' reactions to those results, summaries written by panel moderators, and a review of the meeting transcripts made from audio recordings. Fifteen recommendations were developed for study design and conduct, subject enrollment, outcomes, and measurement instruments. Consensus recommendations included obtaining input from ICU survivors and/or their families, ensuring adequate training for personnel using validated instruments for assessments of sedation, pain, and delirium in the ICU environment, and the need for methodological standardization.ConclusionsThese recommendations are intended to assist researchers in the design, conduct, selection of endpoints, and reporting of clinical trials involving sedative medications and/or sedation protocols for adult ICU patients who require mechanical ventilation. These recommendations should be viewed as a starting point to improve clinical trials and help reduce methodological heterogeneity in future clinical trials.

Published
2021

18. Alpha 2 agonists for sedation to produce better outcomes from critical illness (A2B Trial): protocol for a multicentre phase 3 pragmatic clinical and cost-effectiveness randomised trial in the UK

Author

Walsh, Timothy Simon, primary, Aitken, Leanne M, additional, McKenzie, Cathrine A, additional, Boyd, Julia, additional, Macdonald, Alix, additional, Giddings, Annabel, additional, Hope, David, additional, Norrie, John, additional, Weir, Christopher, additional, Parker, Richard Anthony, additional, Lone, Nazir I, additional, Emerson, Lydia, additional, Kydonaki, Kalliopi, additional, Creagh-Brown, Benedict, additional, Morris, Stephen, additional, McAuley, Daniel Francis, additional, Dark, Paul, additional, Wise, Matt P, additional, Gordon, Anthony C, additional, Perkins, Gavin, additional, Reade, Michael, additional, Blackwood, Bronagh, additional, MacLullich, Alasdair, additional, Glen, Robert, additional, and Page, Valerie J, additional

Published
2023
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47. Effectiveness of cognitive interventions for adult surgical patients after general anaesthesia to improve cognitive functioning: A systematic review.

Author

Bowden, Tracey, Hurt, Catherine S., Sanders, Julie, and Aitken, Leanne M.

Subjects
CINAHL database, PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems, MEDICAL databases, GENERAL anesthesia, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, SYSTEMATIC reviews, SURGERY, PATIENTS, COGNITION, ACQUISITION of data, GERIATRIC Depression Scale, TREATMENT effectiveness, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, PSYCHOLOGICAL tests, MEDICAL records, QUALITY of life, MEDLINE, COGNITIVE therapy, OLD age
Abstract

Aims and objectives: To examine the effectiveness of cognitive interventions after general anaesthesia to improve cognitive functioning. Background: The number of surgical procedures performed worldwide is large and growing. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a common complication associated with poor postoperative outcomes. A variety of cognitive interventions have been developed to maintain or improve cognitive function in one or more cognitive domains. Cognitive interventions have shown to be effective in healthy older populations, those with mild cognitive impairment, and those with heart failure. The impact of cognitive interventions in surgical patients after general anaesthesia is a relatively new focus of research and is therefore less well established. Methods: Seven bibliographic databases were searched in relation to 'surgery' and 'cognitive interventions'; no date or language limits were imposed. Studies including adult patients who were scheduled for, or who had undergone surgery under general anaesthesia, had a baseline cognitive assessment using a validated measurement, and had engaged with any cognition‐based intervention were included. Full‐text review for inclusion, quality assessment and data extraction were undertaken independently by two authors. This study is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Results: A total of 550 papers were identified for possible inclusion, of which nine met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The majority were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (n = 6 [66.7%]). Four studies used computerised cognitive interventions, while five used traditional cognitive interventions. Most of the studies used multi‐domain cognitive training focusing on two or more domains (n = 7 [77.8%]) while two studies used single‐domain cognitive training. Memory (n = 7 [77.8%]) and attention (n = 5 [55.6%]) were the cognitive domains most often targeted during the intervention. Conclusions: The use of cognitive interventions demonstrated some efficacy in improving cognitive function after general anaesthesia, particularly those targeting memory. Relevance for clinical practice The findings of this review suggest that cognitive interventions show promise at improving cognitive performance in patients with POCD and could be usefully implemented in clinical practice to improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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