Author: "Airbus Defence and Space" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Airbus Defence and Space"' showing total 402 results

Start Over Author "Airbus Defence and Space"

402 results on '"Airbus Defence and Space"'

1. Inspired Oxygen on Oxidative Stress and Breath Volatile Organic Compound Composition in Healthy Volunteers

Author: Airbus Defence and Space, DLR German Aerospace Center, and Michael Dolch, Dr. med.
Published: 2018

2. Real-time simulation gimbal for Eurofighter Typhoon flight analysis

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Airbus Defence and Space, Schwalb, David, Royo Chic, Pablo, Guillot Colls, Tània, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Airbus Defence and Space, Schwalb, David, Royo Chic, Pablo, and Guillot Colls, Tània
Abstract: The Eurofighter Typhoon is a high-performance multi-role combat aircraft developed collaboratively by European aerospace companies, including Airbus, and it holds significance as a technologically advanced and versatile fighter jet in modern air forces. This thesis focuses on the development of a flight simulation gimbal for the Eurofighter Typhoon, with the goal of enabling real-time data visualization of flight maneuvers. Simulations have become a crucial tool across various disciplines for solving complex problems and gaining in-depth insights into intricate systems. By analyzing simulation models in 3D, concepts and solutions become more comprehensible and communicable. Engineers heavily rely on simulations to enhance their understanding of systems, and this thesis aims to extend these benefits to the development teams and pilots of the Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft at Airbus. The primary objective is to facilitate visualizing and comprehending the aircraft's flight behavior during its development and optimization phases. Furthermore, this visualization tool seeks to enhance pilots' comprehension of the aircraft's capabilities and ultimately attract new customers. The simulation gimbal is designed to precisely represent the flight motion of all the Euler angles of the Eurofighter aircraft model. The simulation system not only focuses on visual representation of the angles but also incorporates realistic movement of the aircraft's main control surfaces, enhancing the fidelity of the flight dynamics. These control surfaces include the flaps, foreplanes, rudder, and airbrake. The thesis is structured into two main parts. The first chapters provide an overview of the mechanical and hardware aspects. This includes the detailed implementation of the Eurofighter Typhoon model within the simulation environment and an in-depth exploration of motor control mechanisms that enable realistic motion simulation. The second part of the thesis elaborates on the detailed implement, Outgoing
Published: 2023

3. Observing Earth’s magnetic environment with the GRACE-FO mission

Author: Stolle, C., Michaelis, I., Xiong, C., Rother, M., Usbeck, Th., Yamazaki, Y., Rauberg, J., Styp-Rekowski, K., Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany, Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Immenstaad am Bodensee, Germany, and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Subjects: Magnetometer, lcsh:Geodesy, ddc:538.7, law.invention, Physics::Geophysics, Magnetospheric ring current, Satellite-based magnetometers, law, Platform magnetometers, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften, Ring current, Remote sensing, Geomagnetic storm, lcsh:QB275-343, Earth’s magnetic field, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Geology, Geomagnetism, Ionospheric currents, Magnetic field, lcsh:Geology, Solar wind, Earth's magnetic field, lcsh:G, Space and Planetary Science, Local time, Physics::Space Physics, Satellite, GRACE-FO
Abstract: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission carries magnetometers that are dedicated to enhance the satellite’s navigation. After appropriate calibration and characterisation of artificial magnetic disturbances, these observations are valuable assets to characterise the natural variability of Earth’s magnetic field. We describe the data pre-processing, the calibration, and characterisation strategy against a high-precision magnetic field model applied to the GRACE-FO magnetic data. During times of geomagnetic quiet conditions, the mean residual to the magnetic model is around 1 nT with standard deviations below 10 nT. The mean difference to data of ESA’s Swarm mission, which is dedicated to monitor the Earth’s magnetic field, is mainly within ± 10 nT during conjunctions. The performance of GRACE-FO magnetic data is further discussed on selected scientific examples. During a magnetic storm event in August 2018, GRACE-FO reveals the local time dependence of the magnetospheric ring current signature, which is in good agreement with results from a network of ground magnetic observations. Also, derived field-aligned currents (FACs) are applied to monitor auroral FACs that compare well in amplitude and statistical behaviour for local time, hemisphere, and solar wind conditions to approved earlier findings from other missions including Swarm. On a case event, it is demonstrated that the dual-satellite constellation of GRACE-FO is most suitable to derive the persistence of auroral FACs with scale lengths of 180 km or longer. Due to a relatively larger noise level compared to dedicated magnetic missions, GRACE-FO is especially suitable for high-amplitude event studies. However, GRACE-FO is also sensitive to ionospheric signatures even below the noise level within statistical approaches. The combination with data of dedicated magnetic field missions and other missions carrying non-dedicated magnetometers greatly enhances related scientific perspectives., European Space Agency (FR), HEIBRIDS, Projekt DEAL, ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace-fo/MAGNETIC_FIELD
Published: 2021

4. Acquisition and Tracking algorithms for Phased Array Antenna based systems

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Airbus Defence and Space, Radzik, José, Romeu Robert, Jordi, Bidon, Stéphanie, Ortega González, Héctor, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Airbus Defence and Space, Radzik, José, Romeu Robert, Jordi, Bidon, Stéphanie, and Ortega González, Héctor
Abstract: With the advent of an increasing number of high-throughput telecommunication satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), tracking performance requirements for User Terminals (UTs) have become more stringent. A way to efficiently perform the Acquisition (ACQ) and Tracking (TRK) of a fast-moving LEO satellite along its trajectory is needed. Phased Array Antennas (PAA) are particularly suited for this type of application since their radiation patterns can be rapidly changed and their main lobe quickly steered without any need of mechanical components. In particular, Active PAAs, possessing an individual transceiver module per each array element, can extract the information of all individual array elements. This information can later be processed by algorithms to get the Directions of Arrival (DOAs) of the satellite signals arriving at the array. Namely, subspace-based DOA estimation methods are commonly implemented in systems employing Active PAAs, since they make full use of the detailed array information available. The aim of this work is to determine which subspace-based DOA estimation algorithms for UTs based on Active PAA technology work best for ACQ and TRK scenarios involving LEO satellite constellations. An extensive bibliographic study of array data modelling, subspace-based DOA estimation methods, and subspace tracking algorithms was carried out. The most promising methods were implemented in MATLAB. Furthermore, a full ACQ plus TRK simulation system was coded and used to test application scenarios with real satellite constellation data to conclude which algorithms yielded the best real-time performance. From the results of several worst-case scenario simulations, it was concluded that satellite DOA estimations were the most accurate when using the Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) method for both ACQ and TRK alongside the Fast Data Projection Method (FDPM) algorithm for updating the spatial covariance matrix
Published: 2020

5. Aircraft dynamic loads generated in wake vortex encounters

Author: Airbus Defence and Space, Villardi de Montlaur, Adeline de, Claverías Ceacero, Sebastián, Suñer Perucho, Carles, Airbus Defence and Space, Villardi de Montlaur, Adeline de, Claverías Ceacero, Sebastián, and Suñer Perucho, Carles
Abstract: The study illustrated in these pages was developed in the Structural Dynamics and Aeroelasticity Department of the Military Aircraft division of Airbus Defence and Space in Getafe, Madrid (Spain). That department is a multidisciplinary one involving several categories. Some of its competences are the analysis of impacts, acoustics and vibrations for the aircraft and all their systems. Also, the dynamic response of the aircraft to different events is part of the tasks for that department. It is in that field where this project is located. Wake vortex encounters are a dynamic phenomenon similar to other excitations faced by aircraft in its usual operation. That excitation will induce dynamic loads in the aircraft structures as it passes through the wake. Obtaining and analyzing those loads are the main aims of this study. First, it is important to introduce the concept of aircraft wake. In order to achieve the goals of the study, it is necessary to start with the basics of the problem. This is the acknowledgement of the physics of aircraft wakes and how they are generated. Then, how those wakes act as an excitation for other aircraft as they perturb the velocity field of the air. Once the aircraft wakes are introduced, the next step consists of explaining the corresponding aircraft that will face those encounters. In this case, the particular aircraft is an Airbus A400M because that was the one used by Airbus Defence and Space in the campaign of the wake vortex encounters. The following considerations involve the procedures of the Structural Dynamics department in the computation of the numerical simulation for that kind of event. Therefore, it is necessary to know what the tools available for the resolution of this problem are and which aspects face each one. Furthermore, the software and models used in this study have been validated with flight tests and they are an excellent representation of the aircraft and problem considered. After the presentation of the proble
Published: 2014

6. MPLM -- MaTeLo Product Line Manager

Author: DIVERSE (INRIA - IRISA) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - INRIA, ALL4TEC RD [Laval] ; ALL4TEC, Airbus ; Airbus Group [Germany] ; AIRBUS - AIRBUS, ALL4TEC, Airbus defence and space, European Project : 269335, SP1-JTI-ARTEMIS-2010-1, MBAT(2011), Samih, Hamza, Bogusch, Ralf, DIVERSE (INRIA - IRISA) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - INRIA, ALL4TEC RD [Laval] ; ALL4TEC, Airbus ; Airbus Group [Germany] ; AIRBUS - AIRBUS, ALL4TEC, Airbus defence and space, European Project : 269335, SP1-JTI-ARTEMIS-2010-1, MBAT(2011), Samih, Hamza, and Bogusch, Ralf
Abstract: International audience, The diversity of requirements elicited from different customers leads to the development of many variants. Furthermore, compliance with safety standards as mandated for safety-critical systems requires high test efforts for each variant. Model-based testing aims to reduce test efforts by automatically generating test cases from test models. In this paper, we introduce variability management to usage models, a widely used model-based testing formalism. We present an approach that allows to derive usage model variants from a desired set of features and thus generate test cases for each variant. The approach is integrated in the industrial model-based testing tool chain MaTeLo and exemplified using an industrial case study from the aerospace domain.

7. An Approach to Derive Usage Models Variants for Model-based Testing

Author: DIVERSE (INRIA - IRISA) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - INRIA, ALL4TEC RD [Laval] ; ALL4TEC, Airbus ; Airbus Group [Germany] ; AIRBUS - AIRBUS, ALL4TEC, Airbus defence and space, INRIA, European Project : 269335, SP1-JTI-ARTEMIS-2010-1, MBAT(2011), Samih, Hamza, Le Guen, Hélène, Bogusch, Ralf, Acher, Mathieu, Baudry, Benoit, DIVERSE (INRIA - IRISA) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - INRIA, ALL4TEC RD [Laval] ; ALL4TEC, Airbus ; Airbus Group [Germany] ; AIRBUS - AIRBUS, ALL4TEC, Airbus defence and space, INRIA, European Project : 269335, SP1-JTI-ARTEMIS-2010-1, MBAT(2011), Samih, Hamza, Le Guen, Hélène, Bogusch, Ralf, Acher, Mathieu, and Baudry, Benoit
Abstract: International audience, Testing techniques in industry are not yet adapted for product line engineering (PLE). In particular, Model-based Testing (MBT), a technique that allows to automatically generate test cases from requirements, lacks support for managing variability (differences) among a set of related product. In this paper, we present an approach to equip usage models, a widely used formalism in MBT, with variability capabilities. Formal correspondences are established between a variability model, a set of functional requirements, and a usage model. An algorithm then exploits the traceability links to automatically derive a usage model variant from a desired set of selected features. The approach is integrated into the professional MBT tool MaTeLo and is currently used in industry.

8. Conception of a compact flow boiling loop for the International Space Station- First results in parabolic flights

Author: Paul Chorin, Antoine Boned, Julien Sebilleau, Catherine Colin, Olaf Schoele-Schulz, Nicola Picchi, Christian Schwarz, Balazs Toth, Daniele Mangini, Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), and GDR 2799 Micropesanteur Fondamentale & Appliquée
Subjects: Flow visualisation, Bubbly flow, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science, Microgravity, Flow boiling, Dean Vortex, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The design of a pipe flow boiling experiment for the International Space Station is proposed, taking into account typical weight, power consumption and size constraints. The effect of singularities such as elbows upstream the test section is investigated. Velocity profiles downstream two elbows, measured by Particle Image Velocimetry are in good agreement with numerical simulation and allow to determine a specific distance (decay length) downstream the elbows for which the velocity profile recover its axisymmetry. From these results a breadboard is designed and tested in parabolic flights. Care has been taken to generate boiling downstream the decay length. Two-phase bubbly flow is observed with 2 perpendicular high-speed cameras in the test section and a symmetry of the bubble distribution in the pipe is verified for different gravity conditions when the bubbles are created after the decay length.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Pansharpening hyperspectral dans le domaine réflectif avec une seconde voie panchromatique dans le domaine spectral SWIR II

Author: Constans, Yohann, Fabre, Sophie, Seymour, Michael, Crombez, Vincent, Deville, Yannick, Briottet, Xavier, ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, and This work has been done as part of a PhD co-funded by ONERA (the French aerospace lab) and Airbus Defence and Space
Subjects: Fusion d'images, Domaine réflectif, [PHYS]Physics [physics], reflective domain, Science, image fusion, visible, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], hyperspectral, panchromatic, Hyperspectral Image, Imagerie hyperspectrale, X. Hyperspectral image fusion, Panchromatique, SWIR II
Abstract: International audience; Hyperspectral pansharpening methods in the reflective domain are limited by the large difference between the visible panchromatic (PAN) and hyperspectral (HS) spectral ranges, which notably leads to poor representation of the SWIR (1.0–2.5 μm) spectral domain. A novel instrument concept is proposed in this study, by introducing a second PAN channel in the SWIR II (2.0–2.5 μm) spectral domain. Two extended fusion methods are proposed to process both PAN channels, namely, Gain-2P and CONDOR-2P: the first one is an extended version of the Brovey transform, whereas the second one adds mixed pixel preprocessing steps to Gain-2P. By following an exhaustive performance-assessment protocol including global, refined, and local numerical analyses supplemented by supervised classification, we evaluated the updated methods on peri-urban and urban datasets. The results confirm the significant contribution of the second PAN channel (up to 45% of improvement for both datasets with the mean normalised gap in the reflective domain and 60% in the SWIR domain only) and reveal a clear advantage for CONDOR-2P (as compared with Gain-2P) regarding the peri-urban dataset.; Les méthodes d'affinage panchromatique hyperspectral dans le domaine réflectif sont limitées par la grande différence entre les gammes spectrales visible panchromatique (PAN) et hyperspectrale (HS), ce qui conduit notamment à une mauvaise représentation du domaine spectral SWIR ([1.0 - 2.5 m]). Un nouveau concept d'instrument est proposé dans cet article, en introduisant un deuxième canal PAN dans le domaine spectral SWIR II ([2.0 - 2.5 m]). Deux méthodes de fusion étendues sont proposées pour traiter les deux canaux PAN, à savoir Gain-2P et CONDOR-2P : la première est une version étendue de la transformée de Brovey, tandis que la seconde ajoute des étapes de prétraitement de pixels mixtes à Gain-2P. En suivant un protocole exhaustif d'évaluation des performances comprenant des analyses numériques globales, affinées et locales complétées par une classification supervisée, nous évaluons les méthodes mises à jour sur des jeux de données périurbains et urbains. Les résultats confirment la contribution significative du deuxième canal PAN (jusqu'à une diminution de 45 % pour l'écart moyen normalisé avec le jeu de données urbain), et révèlent un net avantage pour CONDOR-2P (par rapport à Gain-2P) en ce qui concerne le périurbain. base de données.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Quasi Lossless Satellite Image Compression

Author: Bacchus, Pascal, Fraisse, Renaud, Roumy, Aline, Guillemot, Christine, Analysis representation, compression and communication of visual data (Sirocco), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAL, IMAGE ET LANGAGE (IRISA-D6), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], and ASTRIUM
Subjects: Neural Networks, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], Satellite Application, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Deep Image Compression, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: International audience; We describe an end-to-end trainable neural network for satellite image compression. The proposed approach builds upon an image compression scheme based on variational autoencoders with a learned hyper-prior that captures dependencies in the latent space for entropy coding. We explore this architecture in light of specificities of satellite imaging: processing constraints onboard the satellite (complexity and memory constraints) and quality needed in terms of reconstruction for the processing task on the ground. We explore data augmentation to improve the reconstruction of challenging image patterns. The proposed model outperforms the current standard of lossy image compression onboard satellite based on JPEG 2000, as well as the initial hyper-prior architecture designed for natural images.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Passive Inverse Dynamics Control using a Global Energy Tank for Torque-Controlled Humanoid Robots in Multi-Contact

Author: N. Ramuzat, S. Boria, O. Stasse, Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, ANR-19-P3IA-0004,ANITI,Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute(2019), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], and ASTRIUM
Subjects: Human-Computer Interaction, Multi-Contact Whole-Body Motion Planning and Control, Control and Optimization, Artificial Intelligence, Control and Systems Engineering, Humanoid Robot Systems, Mechanical Engineering, Humanoid and Bipedal Locomotion, Biomedical Engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Computer Science Applications
Abstract: International audience; This work presents a passivity-based inverse dynamics (ID) controller using a global energy tank. The proposed control approach allows us to achieve a safe multi-contact scenario on a torque controlled humanoid robot. The controller is primarily a task space ID quadratic programming (QP) which efficiently computes the reference torque satisfying a non-hierarchical set of tasks. Our work extends this controller by adding a global energy tank modulating the task gains, with power regulation, to ensure the passivity of the system. This method combines the benefits of the ID controller, which computes an optimal reference without joint torque feedback, and of the passivity-based system, which is robust to model uncertainties and external disturbances. The robustness of our framework is demonstrated in Gazebo simulations, where the robot TALOS achieves a multi-contact scenario and a 20cm step walk, with objectives in the Cartesian and configuration spaces, in torque control. The implementation of this controller is open-source.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Processus ponctuels et réseaux de neurones convolutifs pour la détection de véhicules dans des images de télédétection

Author: Jules Mabon, Mathias Ortner, Josiane Zerubia, Télédetection et IA embarqués pour le 'New Space' (AYANA), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Institut national polytechnique de Toulouse (INP), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique [CNRS]
Subjects: télédétection, pattern recognition, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-CG]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], remote sensing, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, reconnaissance de formes, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], détection de petits objets, small objects detection, CNN, point process, processus ponctuels
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents a method to combine point processes and convolutional neural networks for detecting small objects in remotely sensed images. In such a context, when objects are small and their density is high, we use priors within a point process simulation. The data term of this point process has been learned with a neural network, thus avoiding the handcrafting of a specific detection term.; Cet article présente une méthode combinant processus ponctuels et réseaux de neurones convolutifs pour la détection de petits objets dans des images de télédétection. Dans un tel contexte, quand les objets sont petits et leur densité est élevée, nous utilisons des a priori au sein d’une simulation de processus ponctuels dont l’attache aux données est obtenue par apprentissage d’un réseau de neurones, permettant ainsi de se soustraire à la conception manuelle d’un terme de détection spécifique.
Published: 2021

13. Metrology of thin film optical components for high power continuous wave lasers

Author: Laurent Gallais, Catherine Grèzes-Besset, Julien Lumeau, Camille Petite, Hélène Krol, Antonin Moreau, Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Compagnie Industrielle des Lasers [Limoges] (CILAS), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Compagnie industrielle des lasers (CILAS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen]
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, Laser pumping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Metrology, 010309 optics, Sputtering, law, 0103 physical sciences, Thermography, Optoelectronics, Continuous wave, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The increase of continuous wave laser power is an important topic in various new industrial and defence applications. One of the important limitation is due to the thin film component absorption (intrinsic and defects-related) that induces beam distortions and eventually laser-induced damages. In order to study this absorption, it is of prime importance to accurately measure low absorption levels and to determine the origin of this absorption. In this work, we present the use of Lock-In Thermography (LIT) to absorption measurement. This technique relies on the use of a pump laser beam at 1 μm that is modulated at low frequency and an infrared camera that images the thin-film sample that is being heated. By applying a lock-in treatment on thermal images, we show that we can obtain an image of the temperature increase over the optical component with low noise level. A LIT setup with a sensitivity of a few ppm and a ten times better accuracy is demonstrated. We also show that this setup can be used to make mappings of local absorption and can easily reveal local defects with absorption that can be one order of magnitude higher that intrinsic one. This setup is finally implemented to make measurements on different single layer thin-films. Layers made with different materials (Nb2O5, SiO2, TiO2, HfO2) and deposited by plasma ion assisted deposition or plasma-assisted reactive magnetron sputtering are studied. We explore also the effect of annealing on these dense coatings. Finally, we investigate how these intrinsic absorption levels can be used to investigate the absorption of multilayers structures.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Linearization of Euclidean norm dependent inequalities applied to multibeam satellites design

Author: Stéphane Mourgues, Christian Artigues, Laurent Houssin, Jean-Thomas Camino, Équipe Recherche Opérationnelle, Optimisation Combinatoire et Contraintes (LAAS-ROC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, and Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse]
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Control and Optimization, Optimization problem, Euclidean Norm Linearization, Computation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, NP-Hardness, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Linearization, 0101 mathematics, Integer programming, Mathematics, 021103 operations research, Applied Mathematics, Branch and price, Regular polygon, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Mixed Integer Nonlinear Pro-gramming, Euclidean distance, Multibeam Satellites, Computational Mathematics, Nonlinear system, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract: International audience; Euclidean norm computations over continuous variables appear naturally in the constraints or in the objective of many problems in the optimization literature, possibly defining non-convex feasible regions or cost functions. When some other variables have discrete domains, it positions the problem in the challenging Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) class. For any MINLP where the nonlinearity is only present in the form of inequality constraints involving the Euclidean norm, we propose in this article an efficient methodology for linearizing the optimization problem at the cost of entirely controllable approximations even for non convex constraints. They make it possible to rely fully on Mixed Integer Linear Programming and all its strengths. We first empirically compare this linearization approach with a previously proposed linearization approach of the literature on the continuous k-center problem. This methodology is then successfully applied to a critical problem in the telecommunication satellite industry: the optimization of the beam layouts in multibeam satellite systems. We provide a proof of the NP-hardness of this very problem along with experiments on a realistic reference scenario.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Joint Europa Mission (JEM): A Multiscale, Multi-Platform Mission to Characterize Europa's Habitability and Search for Extant Life. A White Paper prepared for the NAS 2023-2032 Decadal Survey for Planetary Science and Astrobiology August 15th, 2020

Author: Blanc, Michel, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, André, Nicolas, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Jones, Geraint, Sterken, Veerle, Desprats, William, Gurvits, Leonid I., Khurana, Krishan, Balmino, Georges, Blöcker, Aljona, Broquet, Renaud, Bunce, Emma, Cavel, Cyril, Choblet, Gaël, Colins, Geoffrey, Coradini, Marcello, Cooper, John, Dirkx, Dominic, Fontaine, D., Garnier, Philippe, Gaudin, David, Hartogh, Paul, Hussmann, Hauke, Genova, Antonio, Iess, Luciano, Jäggi, Adrian, Kempf, Sascha, Krupp, Norbert, Lara, Luisa, Lasue, Jérémie, Lainey, Valéry, Leblanc, François, Lebreton, Jean-Pierre, Longobardo, Andrea, Lorenz, Ralph, Martins, Philippe, Martins, Zita, Marty, Jean-Charles, Masters, Adam, Mimoun, David, Palumba, Ernesto, Parro, Victor, Regnier, Pascal, Saur, Joachim, Schutte, Adriaan, Sittler, Edward C., Spohn, Tilman, Srama, Ralf, Stephan, Katrin, Szegő, Károly, Tosi, Federico, Vance, Steve, Wagner, Roland, Hoolst, Tim Van, Volwerk, Martin, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Westall, Frances, Wurz, Peter, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Bern, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE ERIC), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] (IGPP), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Department of Space and Plasma Physics [Stockholm], KTH School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )-Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, University of Leicester, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wheaton College [Norton], Cyprus Space Exploration Organisation (CSEO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris), Département Informatique et Réseaux (INFRES), Télécom ParisTech, Réseaux, Mobilité et Services (RMS), Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Centro de Quimica Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Groupement de Recherche en Géodésie Spatiale (GRGS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Imperial College London, Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Square Kilometre Array Organisation (SKA), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardon, Catherine, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS)
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: International audience; In this White Paper we propose that NASA works with ESA and other potentially interested international partners to design and fly jointly an ambitious and exciting planetary mission to characterize Europa's habitability and search for bio-signatures in the environment of Europa (surface, subsurface and exosphere). A White Paper prepared for the NAS 2023-2032 Decadal Survey for Planetary Science and Astrobiology August 15th, 2020
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. The monitoring nitrous oxide sources (MIN2OS) satellite project

Author: Joël Léonard, Jean-Luc Attié, Hélène Reynal, Christine Groot Zwaaftink, Naoko Saitoh, Laurent Berdeu, Rona Thompson, Jos Lelieveld, Elizabeth Pattey, Z. Zelinger, Audrey Fortems-Cheiney, Frédérick Pasternak, Isabelle Pison, Prabir K. Patra, Václav Nevrlý, Jan Suchánek, Olivier Saint-Pé, Rémi Chalinel, Juying Warner, Laure Brooker, Jean Sciare, Philippe Ricaud, Jérôme Vidot, Michal Dostál, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Agroressources et Impacts environnementaux (AgroImpact), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), Norsk Institutt for Luftforskning (NILU), J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the ASCR, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Cyprus Institute (CyI), Chiba University, University of Maryland [Baltimore], Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The TN2OR project is funded by the Région Occitanie, the University of Toulouse, the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo-France, the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Airbus Defense and Space, and Sciences et technologies pour l'Aéronautique et l'Espace (STAE) foundation. RC's PhD has been funded by Région Occitanie and Airbus Defense and Space., Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Daytime, N2O emissions, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Equator, Soil Science, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Modelling, Atmosphere, Mixing ratio, Computers in Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Nitrous oxide, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Sources, Geology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Spectral bands, Atmosphere of Earth, 13. Climate action, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Satellite, Space-borne observations
Abstract: International audience; The Monitoring Nitrous Oxide Sources (MIN2OS) satellite project aims at monitoring global-scale nitrous oxide (N2O) sources by retrieving N2O surface fluxes from the inversion of space-borne N2O measurements that are sensitive to the lowermost atmospheric layers under favorable conditions. MIN2OS will provide emission estimates of N2O at a horizontal resolution of 1° × 1° on the global scale and 10 × 10 km2 on the regional scale on a weekly to monthly basis depending on the application (e.g., agriculture, national inventories, policy, scientific research). Our novel approach is based on the development of: 1) a space-borne instrument operating in the Thermal InfraRed domain providing, in clear sky conditions, N2O mixing ratio in the lowermost atmosphere (900 hPa) under favorable conditions (summer daytime) over land and under favorable and unfavorable (winter nighttime) conditions over the ocean and 2) an atmospheric inversion framework to estimate N2O surface fluxes from the atmospheric satellite observations. After studying three N2O spectral bands (B1 at 1240–1350 cm−1, B2 at 2150–2260 cm−1 and B3 at 2400–2600 cm−1), a new TIR instrument will be developed, centered at 1250–1330 cm−1, with a resolution of 0.125 cm−1, a Full Width at Half Maximum of 0.25 cm−1 and a swath of 300 km. To optimally constrain the retrieval of N2O vertical profiles, the instrument will be on-board a platform at ~830 km altitude in a sun-synchronous orbit crossing the Equator in descending node at 09:30 local time in synergy with two other platforms (Metop-SG and Sentinel-2 NG) expected to fly in 2031–32 aiming at detecting surface properties, agricultural information on the field scale and vertical profiles of atmospheric constituents and temperature. The lifetime of the MIN2OS project would be 4–5 years to study the interannual variability of N2O surface fluxes. The spectral noise can be decreased by at least a factor of 5 compared to the lowest noise accessible to date with the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer-New Generation (IASI-NG) mission. The N2O total error is expected to be less than ~1% (~3 ppbv) along the vertical. The preliminary design of the MIN2OS project results in a small instrument (payload of 90 kg, volume of 1200 × 600 × 300 mm3) with, in addition to the spectrometer, a wide field and 1-km resolution imager for cloud detection. The instruments could be hosted on a small platform, the whole satellite being largely compatible with a dual launch on VEGA-C. The MIN2OS project has been submitted to the European Space Agency Earth Explorer 11 mission ideas.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Fusion de données hyperspectrales et panchromatique par démélange spectral dans le domaine réflectif

Author: Michael Seymour, Henry Brunet, Yohann Constans, Xavier Briottet, Sophie Fabre, Yannick Deville, Jocelyn Chanussot, Vincent Crombez, ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], and ASTRIUM
Subjects: lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics, Earth observation, Computer science, Optical instrument, FUSION D'IMAGES, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, PANCHROMATIC, URBAN, lcsh:Technology, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, HYPERSPECTRAL, Spectral resolution, PANCHROMATIQUE, Image resolution, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Remote sensing, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Image fusion, Pixel, lcsh:T, SPECTRAL UNMIXING, REFLECTIVE DOMAIN, FUSION IMAGE, lcsh:TA1501-1820, Hyperspectral imaging, PANSHARPENING, Panchromatic film, DEMELANGEAGE SPECTRAL, lcsh:TA1-2040, IMAGE FUSION, DEMELANGE SPECTRAL, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, SOSU
Abstract: International audience; Earth observation at a local scale requires images having both high spatial and spectral resolutions. As sensors cannot simultaneously provide such characteristics, a solution is combining images jointly acquired by two different optical instruments. Notably, hyperspectral pansharpening methods combine a panchromatic image, providing a high spatial resolution, with a hyperspectral image, providing a high spectral resolution, to generate an image with both high spatial and spectral resolutions. Nevertheless, these methods suffer from some limitations, including managing mixed pixels. This article introduces a new hyperspectral pansharpening method designed to deal with mixed pixels, which is called Spatially Organized Spectral Unmixing (SOSU). The performance of this method is measured on synthetic then real data (simulated from airborne acquisitions), using spatial, spectral and global criteria, to evaluate the contributions of the SOSU algorithm to mixed pixel processing. In particular, this contribution is confirmed in the case of a peri-urban area via a nearly ten percent increase in the rate of mixed pixels improved with SOSU, in comparison with the method used as a reference.; L'observation de la Terre à l'échelle locale nécessite de disposer d'images hautement résolues spatialement et spectralement. Les capteurs ne pouvant offrir simultanément de telles résolutions, une solution consiste à exploiter des images acquises par deux instruments optiques différents. Les méthodes de pansharpening hyperspectral, notamment, permettent de combiner une image panchromatique, à haute résolution spatiale, avec une image hyperspectrale, à haute résolution spectrale, afin de générer une nouvelle image hautement résolue spatialement et spectralement. De telles méthodes présentent cependant certaines limitations, en particulier le traitement des pixels mixtes. Cet article présente une nouvelle méthode de pansharpening hyperspectral appelée Spatially Organized Spectral Unmixing (SOSU) et adaptée au traitement de tels pixels. Les performances de cette méthode sont mesurées sur des données synthétiques puis réelles (simulées à partir d'acquisitions aéroportées), à l'aide de critères spatiaux, spectraux et globaux, afin d'évaluer l'apport du traitement des pixels mixtes. En particulier, cet apport est confirmé dans le cas d'un paysage périurbain par une augmentation de près de dix pourcents du taux de pixels mixtes améliorés avec SOSU, par rapport à la méthode utilisée comme référence.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Conférence Nationale d'Intelligence Artificielle Année 2020

Author: Isabelle Bloch, Zied Bouraoui, Stephan Brunessaux, Sylvie Doutre, Amal El Fallah-Seghrouchni, Sébastien Ferré, Frédéric Maris, Alexandre Niveau, Nicolas Sabouret, Yves Demazeau, Dominique Longin, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Télécom Paris, Centre de Recherche en Informatique de Lens (CRIL), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Artois (UA), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Logique, Interaction, Langue et Calcul (IRIT-LILaC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Systèmes Multi-Agents (SMA), LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Argumentation, Décision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (IRIT-ADRIA), Equipe MAD - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LIMSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Isabelle Bloch, Zied Bouraoui, Yves Demazeau, Dominique Longin, Stephan Brunessaux, Sylvie Doutre, Amal El Fallah-Seghrouchni, Sébastien Ferré, Frédéric Maris, Alexandre Niveau, Nicolas Sabouret, Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris), Image, Modélisation, Analyse, GEométrie, Synthèse (IMAGES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Département Images, Données, Signal (IDS), Télécom ParisTech, Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2020

19. Actuator Model, Identification and Differential Dynamic Programming for a TALOS Humanoid Robot

Author: Florent Forget, Olivier Stasse, Noelie Ramuzat, Maxime Gautier, Vincent Bonnet, Sébastien Boria, Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents (LISSI), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), AIRBUS Operations Ltd., IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and RAMUZAT, Noëlie
Subjects: Computer science, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], System identification, [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Solver, Optimal control, Computer Science::Robotics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Control theory, Robot, Torque, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Differential dynamic programming, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Actuator, Humanoid robot
Abstract: International audience; In this experimental paper, we would like to validate a non linear optimal control solver to realize torque control on actuators embedded in a TALOS humanoid robot. The targeted application involves high payload, thus, it is necessary to handle the mechanical limitations of the system. To this extent, we propose a method to model, identify and control the TALOS humanoid actuators. The model includes the actuator drive chain and the corresponding inertial parameters that are identified at once using two experimental dataset. The identified model is then used by a Differential Dynamic Programming (DDP) optimal control solver to take into account the actuator limits. We demonstrated that the DDP can decrease the quality of the tracking to avoid physical limits in angular position, velocity and current in extreme conditions such as carrying large loads. Because of the solver high computational time, we validate our method on one actuator of the robot, the elbow joint, using its main CPU. In the experiments, we charge up to 34 kg on the arm of the robot at 5cm of the elbow joint, corresponding to 16 N at the joint level. The proposed implementation is working on this specific joint at 300µs and provide an effective solution to a real-world control problem. In the future, we will implement it over dedicated and embedded electronics board attached to each actuator.
Published: 2020

20. Joint Europa Mission (JEM) a multi-scale study of Europa to characterize its habitability and search for extant life

Author: David Gaudin, Federico Tosi, David Mimoun, Luisa Lara, Joachim Saur, Ralph D. Lorenz, Krishan K. Khurana, Veerle Sterken, Hauke Hussmann, Norbert Krupp, Sascha Kempf, William Desprats, Philippe Garnier, Ralf Srama, Geoffrey Colins, Jérémie Lasue, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Aljona Blöcker, Katrin Stephan, Antonio Genova, Marcello Coradini, Dominique Fontaine, Andrea Longobardo, Luciano Iess, Peter Wurz, Jean-Pierre Lebreton, Dominic Dirkx, Frances Westall, Steve Vance, Michel Blanc, Leonid I. Gurvits, Cyril Cavel, Adam Masters, Gaël Choblet, Roland Wagner, Adrian Jäggi, Károly Szegő, O. Prieto-Ballesteros, Zita Martins, Jean-Charles Marty, Victor Parro, Pascal Regnier, Edward C. Sittler, Tilman Spohn, Renaud Broquet, Javier Gómez-Elvira, Georges Balmino, François Leblanc, Nicolas André, Martin Volwerk, Paul Hartogh, Philippe Martins, Adriaan Schutte, Geraint H. Jones, John F. Cooper, Ernesto Palumba, Tim Van Hoolst, Emma J. Bunce, Valery Lainey, The Royal Society, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Tosi, F. [0000-0003-4002-2434], Prieto Ballesteros, O. [0000-0002-2278-1210], Longobardo, A. [0000-0002-1797-2741], Van Hoolst, T. [0000-0002-9820-8584], Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Astronomical Institute [Bern], University of Bern, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE ERIC), Technische Universiteit Delft (TU Delft), CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] (IGPP), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, University of Leicester, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wheaton College [Norton], Cyprus Space Exploration Organisation (CSEO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Télécom ParisTech, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Imperial College London, Universität zu Köln, Square Kilometre Array Organisation (SKA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Cardon, Catherine, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Outer planets exploration, Habitability, HUYGENS PROBE, Europa mission, Mission, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Astrobiology, law.invention, Extant taxon, SULFURIC-ACID, law, Galileo (satellite navigation), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Europa Orbiter, INSTRUMENT, SECONDARY, PLUME, HYDRATED SALT MINERALS, Physical Sciences, symbols, Europa, Jupiter system, SURFACE, Astronomy & Astrophysics, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], symbols.namesake, Orbiter, Search for life, 0103 physical sciences, Ocean moon, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, Galilean Satellites, Scale (chemistry), Astronomy and Astrophysics, ATMOSPHERE, EVOLUTION, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental science, Joint (building), habitability, jupiter system, ocean moon, outer planets exploration, search for life, SATELLITES
Abstract: Full list of authors: Blanc, Michel; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; André, Nicolas; Gomez-Elvira, Javier; Jones, Geraint; Sterken, Veerle; Desprats, William; Gurvits, Leonid I.; Khurana, Krishan; Balmino, Georges; Blöcker, Aljona; Broquet, Renaud; Bunce, Emma; Cavel, Cyril; Choblet, Gaël; Colins, Geoffrey; Coradini, Marcello; Cooper, John; Dirkx, Dominic; Fontaine, Dominique; Garnier, Philippe; Gaudin, David; Hartogh, Paul; Hussmann, Hauke; Genova, Antonio; Iess, Luciano; Jäggi, Adrian; Kempf, Sascha; Krupp, Norbert; Lara, Luisa; Lasue, Jérémie; Lainey, Valéry; Leblanc, François; Lebreton, Jean-Pierre; Longobardo, Andrea; Lorenz, Ralph; Martins, Philippe; Martins, Zita; Marty, Jean-Charles; Masters, Adam; Mimoun, David; Palumba, Ernesto; Parro, Victor; Regnier, Pascal; Saur, Joachim; Schutte, Adriaan; Sittler, Edward C.; Spohn, Tilman; Srama, Ralf; Stephan, Katrin; Szegő, Károly; Tosi, Federico; Vance, Steve; Wagner, Roland; Van Hoolst, Tim; Volwerk, Martin; Wahlund, Jan-Erik; Westall, Frances; Wurz, Peter, Europa is the closest and probably the most promising target to search for extant life in the Solar System, based on complementary evidence that it may fulfil the key criteria for habitability: the Galileo discovery of a sub-surface ocean; the many indications that the ice shell is active and may be partly permeable to transfer of chemical species, biomolecules and elementary forms of life; the identification of candidate thermal and chemical energy sources necessary to drive a metabolic activity near the ocean floor. In this article we are proposing that ESA collaborates with NASA to design and fly jointly an ambitious and exciting planetary mission, which we call the Joint Europa Mission (JEM), to reach two objectives: perform a full characterization of Europa's habitability with the capabilities of a Europa orbiter, and search for bio-signatures in the environment of Europa (surface, subsurface and exosphere) by the combination of an orbiter and a lander. JEM can build on the advanced understanding of this system which the missions preceding JEM will provide: Juno, JUICE and Europa Clipper, and on the Europa lander concept currently designed by NASA (Maize, report to OPAG, 2019). We propose the following overarching goals for our Joint Europa Mission (JEM): Understand Europa as a complex system responding to Jupiter system forcing, characterize the habitability of its potential biosphere, and search for life at its surface and in its sub-surface and exosphere. We address these goals by a combination of five Priority Scientific Objectives, each with focused measurement objectives providing detailed constraints on the science payloads and on the platforms used by the mission. The JEM observation strategy will combine three types of scientific measurement sequences: measurements on a high-latitude, low-altitude Europan orbit; in-situ measurements to be performed at the surface, using a soft lander; and measurements during the final descent to Europa's surface. The implementation of these three observation sequences will rest on the combination of two science platforms: a soft lander to perform all scientific measurements at the surface and sub-surface at a selected landing site, and an orbiter to perform the orbital survey and descent sequences. We describe a science payload for the lander and orbiter that will meet our science objectives. We propose an innovative distribution of roles for NASA and ESA; while NASA would provide an SLS launcher, the lander stack and most of the mission operations, ESA would provide the carrier-orbiter-relay platform and a stand-alone astrobiology module for the characterization of life at Europa's surface: the Astrobiology Wet Laboratory (AWL). Following this approach, JEM will be a major exciting joint venture to the outer Solar System of NASA and ESA, working together toward one of the most exciting scientific endeavours of the 21st century: to search for life beyond our own planet. © 2020, The authors received support from the sponsors of their home institutions during the development of their projects, particularly at the two institutes leading this effort: at IRAP, Toulouse, MB and NA acknowledge the support of CNRS, University Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNES. At CAB, Madrid, OPB and JGE acknowledge the support of INTA and Spanish MINECO project ESP2014-55811-C2-1-P and ESP2017-89053-C2-1-P and the AEI project MDM-2017-0737 Unidad de Excelencia "Maria de Maeztu". We would also like to extend special thanks to the PASO of CNES for its precious assistance and expertise in the design of the mission scenario.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. The active space debris removal mission RemoveDebris. Part 2: in orbit operations

Author: Simon Fellowes, N. Vinkoff, François Chaumette, Ingo Retat, Thomas Chabot, Alex Hall, Zarkesh A., K. Bashford, Alexandre Pollini, Cesar Bernal, Guglielmo S. Aglietti, A. Mafficini, Willem H. Steyn, B. Taylor, Carol Cox, Thierry Salmon, Aurélien Pisseloup, Surrey Space Centre [Guildford], University of Surrey (UNIS), Ariane Group [Bordeaux], Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], Airbus Group [Germany], Airbus [France], ASTRIUM, EADS - European Aeronautic Defense and Space, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Surrey Satellite Technology (UNITED KINGDOM), Innovative Solutions In Space [Delft] (ISIS), Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Stellenbosch University, European Project: 607099,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,REMOVEDEBRIS(2013), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: ADR, Computer science, debris removal, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, net, vision-based navigation, 0203 mechanical engineering, harpoon, 0103 physical sciences, International Space Station, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Aerospace engineering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Vision based, business.industry, space debris, Harpoon, Debris, deorbiting, Active space, Orbit (dynamics), Satellite, dragsail, business, Space debris
Abstract: This is the second of two companion papers that describe the development of the RemoveDEBRIS space mission. This second article describes the in-orbit operations that were performed to demonstrate technologies to be used for the active removal of space debris, whereas the first paper described the development of the satellite's hardware. The RemoveDebris mission has been the world's first Active Debris Removal (ADR) mission to successfully demonstrate, in orbit, some cost effective technologies, including net and harpoon capture; and elements of the whole sequence of operations, like the vision-based navigation. The satellite was launched the 2nd of April 2018, to the International Space Station (ISS) and from there, on the 20th of June 2018, was deployed via the NanoRacks Kaber system into an orbit of 405 km altitude. During the mission, two 2U CubeSats have been released by the mothercraft platform as artificial debris targets, to demonstrate net capture and cameras to be used for vision based navigation. Harpoon capture has been demonstrated by deploying a target and then firing at it a harpoon tethered to the platform. The various phases of the missions have been monitored using relevant telemetry and video cameras, and this paper reports the results of the various demonstrations.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. The active space debris removal mission RemoveDebris. Part 1: from concept to launch

Author: Cesar Bernal, Guglielmo S. Aglietti, Willem H. Steyn, Ingo Retat, Alex Hall, Jason L. Forshaw, Aurélien Pisseloup, François Chaumette, Thierry Salmon, Daniel Tye, Simon Fellowes, Alexandre Pollini, Thomas Chabot, Surrey Space Centre [Guildford], University of Surrey (UNIS), Ariane Group [Bordeaux], Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], Airbus Defence and Space [Stevenage], ASTRIUM, EADS - European Aeronautic Defense and Space, Airbus Group Innovations [Toulouse], Airbus [France], Surrey Satellite Technology Limited [Guildford] (SSTL), Innovative Solutions In Space [Delft] (ISIS), Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Stellenbosch University, European Project: 607099,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,REMOVEDEBRIS(2013), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: Engineering, ADR, Integration testing, debris removal, Aerospace Engineering, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, net, vision-based navigation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Mission design, harpoon, 0103 physical sciences, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Spacecraft, business.industry, space debris, Debris, deorbiting, Active space, Software deployment, Systems engineering, Satellite, dragsail, business, Active Debris Removal, Space debris
Abstract: This is the first of two companion papers that describe the development of the RemoveDEBRIS; mission. This first article focusses on the mission design and hardware development up to the delivery of the spacecraft to the launch authority. The Second article describes the in-orbit operations. The European Commission funded RemoveDebris mission has been the world's first Active Debris Removal (ADR) missions to demonstrate, in orbit, some cost effective key technologies, including net and harpoon capture; and elements of the whole sequence of operations, like the vision-based navigation, ultimately planning to terminate the mission with the deployment of the dragsail to de-orbit the craft. The mission has utilised two 2U CubeSats as artificial debris targets released from the main 100 kg satellite, to demonstrate the various technologies. This paper examines the design of the mission from initial concepts through to Manufacture, Assembly Integration and Testing of the payloads, up to launch, and apart from a general consideration of the mission, will focus on the elements of design and testing that differ from a conventional mission.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Survey Paper RemoveDEBRIS: An in-orbit demonstration of technologies for the removal of space debris

Author: Aglietti, Guglielmo, Taylor, Ben, Fellowes, Simon, Ainley, Sean, Tye, Dan, Cox, Christopher, Zarkesh, Ali, Mafficini, Andrea, Vinkoff, N., Bashford, Katie, Salmon, Thierry, Retat, Ingo, Burgess, Christopher, Hall, Alexander, Chabot, Thomas, Kanani, Keyvan, Pisseloup, Aurélien, Bernal, Cesar, Chaumette, François, Pollini, Alexandre, Steyn, Willem, University of Surrey (UNIS), Surrey Satellite Technology Limited [Guildford] (SSTL), Airbus Safran Launchers [Bordeaux], Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], Airbus Defence and Space [Stevenage], Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Innovative Solutions In Space [Delft] (ISIS), Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA [Neuchatel] (CSEM), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Stellenbosch University, European Project: 607099,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,REMOVEDEBRIS(2013), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. In-situ interferometric monitoring of optical coatings

Author: Catherine Grèzes-Besset, Julien Lumeau, Cihan Koc, Thomas Begou, Michel Lequime, Séverin L. Nadji, RCMO (RCMO), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Compagnie Industrielle des Lasers [Limoges] (CILAS), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen]
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Phase (waves), 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010309 optics, Interferometry, Optics, Optical coating, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Deposition (phase transition), Reflection coefficient, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, business, Digital holography
Abstract: We present a new method for the in situ measurement of the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficient of a plane substrate installed in a mechanical holder rotating at high speed (120 turns per minute) during the deposition of optical thin films. Our method is based on digital holography and uses a self-referenced scheme to cancel the effects of the severe constraints generated by the vibrational and thermal environment of the deposition machine.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. RemoveDebris Vision-Based Navigation preliminary results

Author: Eric Marchand, François Chaumette, Thomas Chabot, Keyvan Kanani, Alexandre Pollini, Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), European Project: 607099,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,REMOVEDEBRIS(2013), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], and ASTRIUM
Subjects: Detection, RemoveDebris, Localization, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Visual tracking, VBN, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

26. MOOC Sécurité des réseaux: un apprentissage massif de la sécurité par la théorie et la pratique

Author: Maryline Laurent, Olivier Paul, Gregory Blanc, Bruno Carron, Nicolas Charbonnier, Isabelle Chrisment, Jérôme François, Damien Hotz, Philippe Jaillon, Rida Khatoun, Christophe Kiennert, Marwan Lazrag, Souha Masmoudi, Département Réseaux et Services de Télécommunications (TSP - RST), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Réseaux, Systèmes, Services, Sécurité (R3S-SAMOVAR), Services répartis, Architectures, MOdélisation, Validation, Administration des Réseaux (SAMOVAR), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Agence nationale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information (ANSSI), TELECOM Nancy, Université de Lorraine (UL), Resilience and Elasticity for Security and ScalabiliTy of dynamic networked systems (RESIST), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Henri Fayol (FAYOL-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Informatique et systèmes intelligents ( FAYOL-ENSMSE), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne (ENSM ST-ETIENNE), Département Systèmes et Architectures Sécurisés (SAS-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-CMP-GC, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Département Réseaux et Services de Télécommunications (RST), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Informatique pour les Systèmes Coopératifs Ouverts et Décentralisés (ISCOD-ENSMSE), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Henri Fayol
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Mooc
Abstract: International audience; Le MOOC Sécurité des Réseaux, destiné à l’apprentissage massif à distance de la sécurité dans les réseaux informatiques, s’adresse à un public ayant des prérequis légers en informatique et des prérequis plus solides en réseaux (DNS, adressage, routage, ARP, ICMP). Il vise sur 5 semaines, à raison de 5h par semaine environ, à connaître, comprendre, pratiquer, mettre en oeuvre et/ou configurer plusieurs aspects clés de la sécurité dans les réseaux, telles que les menaces, les attaques réseaux, les techniques de filtrage, les VPNs, la détection d’intrusions, les architectures de sécurité, l’analyse de risques, les textes réglementaires, les normes, l’audit, etc. Grâce aux nombreux travaux pratiques proposés dans une machine virtuelle (environnement Docker sous GNU/Linux), les apprenants sont amenés à expérimenter les menaces (ex : ICMPredirect, ARP spoofing, détournement de session TCP), et à configurer plusieurs mécanismes de sécurité classiques (filtrage, VLAN, NAT, IPsec, TLS, IDS/IPS, certificats électroniques). L’originalité de ce MOOC tient dans le champ thématique restreint à la sécurité des réseaux,un niveau d’expertise élevé pour un apprentissage à distance, et l’offre conséquente de TPs proposés
Published: 2019

27. Protection d’un système d’information par une intelligence artificielle : une approche en trois phases basée sur l’analyse UEBA des comportements pour détecter un scénario hostile

Author: FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Dey, Alexandre, Navers, Sylvain, Airbus Defence & Space [Elancourt] (Airbus group), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, and Airbus Defence and Space CyberSecurity
Subjects: apprentissage profond, User and Entity Behaviour Analytics, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], prévention des biais d'apprentissage, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], continuous learning, intelligence artificielle, prevention of learning bias, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], ACM: K.: Computing Milieux/K.6: MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS/K.6.5: Security and Protection, Cyber-sécurité, apprentissage continu, UEBA, prévention des biais d’apprentissage, réseaux de neurones, deep learning, neural networks, artificial intelligence, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.2: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, cyber-security, Analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités, ACM: C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS/C.2.0: General/C.2.0.2: Security and protection (e.g., firewalls), corrélation, User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA)
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of the behaviour of individuals and entities (UEBA) is an area of artificial intelligence domain that detects hostile actions (e.g. attacks, fraud, influence, poisoning) due to the unusual nature of observed events. A UEBA process usually involves two phases, learning and inference. The market IDS (Intrusion Detection Systems) still suffer from biases, including over-simplification of problems, underexploitation of the AI potential, insufficient consideration of events temporality, and perfectible management of the memory cycle of behaviors. In addition, while an alert generated by a signature-based IDS can refer to the signature on which the detection is based, an IDS in the UEBA domain produces results, often associated with a simple score, whose explainable character is less obvious. Our unsupervised approach is to enrich this process by adding a third phase to correlate related events, with the benefit of a reduction of false positives and negatives. We also seek to avoid a so-called "boiled frog" bias inherent in continuous learning. Our first results are interesting because they allow a complete and explainable detection, generate few false positives, are reproducible in various contexts (e.g. in an information system and a workstation, based on flows and actions events) both from synthetic and real data, and circumvent the biases mentioned.; L’analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités (UEBA, en anglais) est un domaine de l’intelligence artificielle qui permet de détecter des actions hostiles (ex. : attaques, fraudes, influence, empoisonnement) grâce au caractère inhabituel des évènements observés. Un procédé UEBA comprend habituellement deux phases, d’apprentissage et d’inférence. Les systèmes de détection d’intrusion (IDS, en anglais) du marché souffrent encore de biais notamment d’une sur-simplification des problématiques, d’une sous-exploitation du potentiel de l’IA, d’une prise en compte insuffisante de la temporalité des évènements, et d’une gestion perfectible du cycle de la mémoire des comportements. En outre, alors qu’une alerte générée par un IDS à base de signatures peut se référer à l’identifiant de la signature sur laquelle se fonde la détection, les IDS du domaine UEBA produisent des résultats, souvent associés à un score, dont le caractère explicable est moins évident. Notre approche, non supervisée, consiste à enrichir ce procédé en lui adjoignant une troisième phase permettant de corréler des évènements présumés liés entre eux, avec pour bénéfice une réduction des faux positifs et négatifs. Nous cherchons également à éviter un biais dit « de la grenouille ébouillantée » inhérent à l’apprentissage continu. Nos premiers résultats sont d’autant plus intéressants qu’ils permettent une détection complète revêtant un caractère explicable, engendrent peu de faux positifs, sont reproductibles dans des contextes variés (ex. : dans un système d’information et/ou un poste de travail, à partir d’évènements de type flux et/ou actions) aussi bien à partir de données synthétiques que réelles, et répondent aux différents biais évoqués.
Published: 2019

28. Protecting an information system using artificial intelligence: a three-phase approach based on UEBA behaviour analysis to detect a hostile scenario

Author: FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Dey, Alexandre, Navers, Sylvain, FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Airbus Defence & Space [Elancourt] (Airbus group), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, and Airbus Defence and Space CyberSecurity
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], apprentissage profond, User and Entity Behaviour Analytics, [INFO.INFO-NE] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], prévention des biais d'apprentissage, continuous learning, intelligence artificielle, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], prevention of learning bias, ACM: K.: Computing Milieux/K.6: MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS/K.6.5: Security and Protection, Cyber-sécurité, apprentissage continu, [INFO.INFO-CR] Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], UEBA, prévention des biais d’apprentissage, réseaux de neurones, deep learning, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], neural networks, artificial intelligence, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.2: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, cyber-security, Analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités, ACM: C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS/C.2.0: General/C.2.0.2: Security and protection (e.g., firewalls), corrélation, User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA)
Abstract: The analysis of the behaviour of individuals and entities (UEBA) is an area of artificial intelligence domain that detects hostile actions (e.g. attacks, fraud, influence, poisoning) due to the unusual nature of observed events. A UEBA process usually involves two phases, learning and inference. The market IDS (Intrusion Detection Systems) still suffer from biases, including over-simplification of problems, underexploitation of the AI potential, insufficient consideration of events temporality, and perfectible management of the memory cycle of behaviors. In addition, while an alert generated by a signature-based IDS can refer to the signature on which the detection is based, an IDS in the UEBA domain produces results, often associated with a simple score, whose explainable character is less obvious. Our unsupervised approach is to enrich this process by adding a third phase to correlate related events, with the benefit of a reduction of false positives and negatives. We also seek to avoid a so-called "boiled frog" bias inherent in continuous learning. Our first results are interesting because they allow a complete and explainable detection, generate few false positives, are reproducible in various contexts (e.g. in an information system and a workstation, based on flows and actions events) both from synthetic and real data, and circumvent the biases mentioned., L’analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités (UEBA, en anglais) est un domaine de l’intelligence artificielle qui permet de détecter des actions hostiles (ex. : attaques, fraudes, influence, empoisonnement) grâce au caractère inhabituel des évènements observés. Un procédé UEBA comprend habituellement deux phases, d’apprentissage et d’inférence. Les systèmes de détection d’intrusion (IDS, en anglais) du marché souffrent encore de biais notamment d’une sur-simplification des problématiques, d’une sous-exploitation du potentiel de l’IA, d’une prise en compte insuffisante de la temporalité des évènements, et d’une gestion perfectible du cycle de la mémoire des comportements. En outre, alors qu’une alerte générée par un IDS à base de signatures peut se référer à l’identifiant de la signature sur laquelle se fonde la détection, les IDS du domaine UEBA produisent des résultats, souvent associés à un score, dont le caractère explicable est moins évident. Notre approche, non supervisée, consiste à enrichir ce procédé en lui adjoignant une troisième phase permettant de corréler des évènements présumés liés entre eux, avec pour bénéfice une réduction des faux positifs et négatifs. Nous cherchons également à éviter un biais dit « de la grenouille ébouillantée » inhérent à l’apprentissage continu. Nos premiers résultats sont d’autant plus intéressants qu’ils permettent une détection complète revêtant un caractère explicable, engendrent peu de faux positifs, sont reproductibles dans des contextes variés (ex. : dans un système d’information et/ou un poste de travail, à partir d’évènements de type flux et/ou actions) aussi bien à partir de données synthétiques que réelles, et répondent aux différents biais évoqués.
Published: 2019

29. Adversarial vs behavioural-based defensive AI with joint, continual and active learning: automated evaluation of robustness to deception, poisoning and concept drift

Author: Dey, Alexandre, Velay, Marc, Fauvelle, Jean-Philippe, Navers, Sylvain, FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Airbus [France], Airbus Defence & Space [France] (Airbus group), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Airbus Defence and Space CyberSecurity, and French Ministry of Defence
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Deception, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, User and Entity Behaviour Analytics, Cyber Warfare, [INFO.INFO-NE] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Active Learning, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Concept drift, Adversarial AI, Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Artificial Intelligence, Joint learning, Reinforcement learning, Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE), UEBA, Poisoning, Autoencoder Neural Network, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [STAT.ML] Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Event correlation, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Continual learning, Offensive AI, Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
Abstract: Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have brought new capabilities to behavioural analysis (UEBA) for cyber-security consisting in the detection of hostile action based on the unusual nature of events observed on the Information System.In our previous work (presented at C\&ESAR 2018 and FIC 2019), we have associated deep neural networks auto-encoders for anomaly detection and graph-based events correlation to address major limitations in UEBA systems. This resulted in reduced false positive and false negative rates, improved alert explainability, while maintaining real-time performances and scalability. However, we did not address the natural evolution of behaviours through time, also known as concept drift. To maintain effective detection capabilities, an anomaly-based detection system must be continually trained, which opens a door to an adversary that can conduct the so-called "frog-boiling" attack by progressively distilling unnoticed attack traces inside the behavioural models until the complete attack is considered normal. In this paper, we present a solution to effectively mitigate this attack by improving the detection process and efficiently leveraging human expertise. We also present preliminary work on adversarial AI conducting deception attack, which, in term, will be used to help assess and improve the defense system. These defensive and offensive AI implement joint, continual and active learning, in a step that is necessary in assessing, validating and certifying AI-based defensive solutions., in French. European Cyber Week - CESAR/IAD Conference - Artificial Intelligence and Defence, French Ministry of Defence, Nov 2019, Rennes, France
Published: 2019

30. Protection of an information system using artificial intelligence: a three-phase approach based on behaviour analysis to detect a hostile scenario

Author: FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Dey, Alexandre, Navers, Sylvain, Airbus Defence & Space [Elancourt] (Airbus group), Airbus [France], Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Airbus Defence and Space CyberSecurity, and Ministère français des armées
Subjects: UEBA, prévention des biais d’apprentissage, apprentissage profond, User and Entity Behaviour Analytics, réseaux de neurones, analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités, deep learning, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], neural networks, artificial intelligence, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.2: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], continuous learning, cyber-security, intelligence artificielle, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], cyber-sécurité, correlation, ACM: K.: Computing Milieux/K.6: MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS/K.6.5: Security and Protection, ACM: C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS/C.2.0: General/C.2.0.2: Security and protection (e.g., firewalls), prevention of learning bias, apprentissage continu
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of the behaviour of individuals and entities (UEBA) is an area of artificial intelligence that detects hostile actions (e.g. attacks, fraud, influence, poisoning) due to the unusual nature of observed events, by affixing to a signature-based operation. A UEBA process usually involves two phases, learning and inference. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) available still suffer from bias, including over-simplification of problems, underexploitation of the AI potential, insufficient consideration of the temporality of events, and perfectible management of the memory cycle of behaviours. In addition, while an alert generated by a signature-based IDS can refer to the signature on which the detection is based, the IDS in the UEBA domain produce results, often associated with a score, whose explainable character is less obvious. Our unsupervised approach is to enrich this process by adding a third phase to correlate events (incongruities, weak signals) that are presumed to be linked together, with the benefit of a reduction of false positives and negatives. We also seek to avoid a so-called "boiled frog" bias inherent in continuous learning. Our first results are interesting and have an explainable character, both on synthetic and real data.; L’analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités (UEBA, en anglais) est un domaine de l’intelligence artificielle qui permet de détecter des actions hostiles (ex. : attaques, fraudes, influence, empoisonnement) grâce au caractère inhabituel des évènements observés, par apposition à un fonctionnement basé sur des signatures. Un procédé UEBA comprend habituellement deux phases, d’apprentissage et d’inférence. Les systèmes de détection d’intrusion (IDS, en anglais) du marché souffrent encore de biais notamment d’une sur-simplification des problématiques, d’une sous-exploitation du potentiel de l’IA, d’une prise en compte insuffisante de la temporalité des évènements, et d’une gestion perfectible du cycle de la mémoire des comportements. En outre, alors qu’une alerte générée par un IDS à base de signatures peut se référer à l’identifiant de la signature sur laquelle se fonde la détection, les IDS du domaine UEBA produisent des résultats, souvent associés à un score, dont le caractère explicable est moins évident. Notre approche, non supervisée, consiste à enrichir ce procédé en lui adjoignant une troisième phase permettant de corréler des évènements (incongruités, signaux faibles) présumés liés entre eux, avec pour bénéfice une réduction des faux positifs et négatifs. Nous cherchons également à éviter un biais dit « de la grenouille ébouillantée » inhérent à l’apprentissage continu. Nos premiers résultats sont intéressants et revêtent un caractère explicable, autant sur des données synthétiques que réelles.
Published: 2018

31. Protection d’un système d’information par une intelligence artificielle : une approche en trois phases basée sur l’analyse des comportements pour détecter un scénario hostile

Author: FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Dey, Alexandre, Navers, Sylvain, Airbus Defence & Space [Elancourt] (Airbus group), Airbus [France], Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Airbus Defence and Space CyberSecurity, and Ministère français des armées
Subjects: UEBA, prévention des biais d’apprentissage, apprentissage profond, User and Entity Behaviour Analytics, réseaux de neurones, analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités, deep learning, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], neural networks, artificial intelligence, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.2: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], continuous learning, cyber-security, intelligence artificielle, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], cyber-sécurité, correlation, ACM: K.: Computing Milieux/K.6: MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS/K.6.5: Security and Protection, ACM: C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS/C.2.0: General/C.2.0.2: Security and protection (e.g., firewalls), prevention of learning bias, apprentissage continu
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of the behaviour of individuals and entities (UEBA) is an area of artificial intelligence that detects hostile actions (e.g. attacks, fraud, influence, poisoning) due to the unusual nature of observed events, by affixing to a signature-based operation. A UEBA process usually involves two phases, learning and inference. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) available still suffer from bias, including over-simplification of problems, underexploitation of the AI potential, insufficient consideration of the temporality of events, and perfectible management of the memory cycle of behaviours. In addition, while an alert generated by a signature-based IDS can refer to the signature on which the detection is based, the IDS in the UEBA domain produce results, often associated with a score, whose explainable character is less obvious. Our unsupervised approach is to enrich this process by adding a third phase to correlate events (incongruities, weak signals) that are presumed to be linked together, with the benefit of a reduction of false positives and negatives. We also seek to avoid a so-called "boiled frog" bias inherent in continuous learning. Our first results are interesting and have an explainable character, both on synthetic and real data.; L’analyse des comportements des personnes et des entités (UEBA, en anglais) est un domaine de l’intelligence artificielle qui permet de détecter des actions hostiles (ex. : attaques, fraudes, influence, empoisonnement) grâce au caractère inhabituel des évènements observés, par apposition à un fonctionnement basé sur des signatures. Un procédé UEBA comprend habituellement deux phases, d’apprentissage et d’inférence. Les systèmes de détection d’intrusion (IDS, en anglais) du marché souffrent encore de biais notamment d’une sur-simplification des problématiques, d’une sous-exploitation du potentiel de l’IA, d’une prise en compte insuffisante de la temporalité des évènements, et d’une gestion perfectible du cycle de la mémoire des comportements. En outre, alors qu’une alerte générée par un IDS à base de signatures peut se référer à l’identifiant de la signature sur laquelle se fonde la détection, les IDS du domaine UEBA produisent des résultats, souvent associés à un score, dont le caractère explicable est moins évident. Notre approche, non supervisée, consiste à enrichir ce procédé en lui adjoignant une troisième phase permettant de corréler des évènements (incongruités, signaux faibles) présumés liés entre eux, avec pour bénéfice une réduction des faux positifs et négatifs. Nous cherchons également à éviter un biais dit « de la grenouille ébouillantée » inhérent à l’apprentissage continu. Nos premiers résultats sont intéressants et revêtent un caractère explicable, autant sur des données synthétiques que réelles.
Published: 2018

32. COMET SYSTEME - CNES Airbus Defence and Space Model-Based Systems Engineering - RETEX

Author: Bouffaron, Fabien, Cortier, Alexandre, Moulin, Jean-Jacques, Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], and Bouffaron, Fabien
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], MBSE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Systems Engineering SE
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

33. Use of FLUMIAS to reveal dynamic cellular changes initiated by statolith movement in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells: first observations from parabolic flight campaign

Author: Ditengou, F., Legué, V, Brugman, R., Pereda-Loth, V., Schültze, E., Tisseyre, L., RAPP, K., Oltmann, H., Feldmann, S., Cordes, P., Grossmann, G., Ruperti, B., Palme, K., University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant - Clermont Auvergne (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Universita degli Studi di Padova, CNES, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Université de Toulouse (UT), Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], and Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)
Subjects: food and beverages, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology
Abstract: International audience; Plants ability to orient their growth with respect to external stimuli such as gravity. In plant roots, gravity sensing cells called statocytes, contain starch-filled plastids (statoliths). These organelles which sediment following gravity vector change, are involved in gravity sensing as position sensor. At the end of the signaling pathway, the localization of PIN auxin efflux carrier proteins (e.g. PIN3), become repolarized leading to redirected auxin flux to the lower side of the root columella. However, the mechanisms how statoliths displacement triggers the relocalisation of PIN has not yet been elucidated. Recently, we performed an experiment using the FLUMIAS spinning disc microscope and its unique spatial and timely resolution. It enabled us to study for the first time the gravity sensing phase during parabolic flights. Namely the simultaneous in vivo monitoring of (1) the dynamics of statoliths mouvement and of (2) fluorescent markers of cell organelles such as the actin cytoskeleton, and fluorescent auxin transport proteins such as PIN3::GFP were managed. Successive parabolas during parabolic flight campaign exposed Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings grown in the RootChip chamber to multiple successive gravistimuli (0.25g, 0.5g, 0.75g). We thank the DLR, CNES and ESA for financial support and Novespace for technical support.
Published: 2018

34. Remove Debris Mission, From Concept to Orbit

Author: Taylor, Ben, Aglietti, Guglielmo, Fellowes, Simon, Ainley, Sean, Salmon, Thierry, Retat, Ingo, Burgess, Christopher, Hall, A, Chabot, Thomas, Kanan, K, Pisseloup, Aurélien, Bernal, Cesar, Chaumette, François, Pollini, Alexandre, Steyn, Willem, Surrey Space Centre [Guildford], University of Surrey (UNIS), Surrey Satellite Technology Limited [Guildford] (SSTL), Airbus Safran Launchers [Bordeaux], Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Airbus Defence and Space [Stevenage], Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Innovative Solutions In Space [Delft] (ISIS), Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA [Neuchatel] (CSEM), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Stellenbosch University, European Project: 607099,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,REMOVEDEBRIS(2013), Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]
Abstract: International audience; The RemoveDebris mission will be the first European Active Debris Removal (ADR) missions to give an in orbit demonstration of the viability of a series of cost effective technologies that can be used to observe, capture and destroy space debris. RemoveDebris is a low cost mission performing key active debris removal (ADR) technology demonstrations including the use of a net, a harpoon, vision-based navigation (VBN) and a dragsail in a realistic space operational environment. For the purposes of the mission two CubeSats will be ejected and used as targets for experiments instead of real space debris, which is an important step towards a fully operational ADR mission.
Published: 2018

35. HYPROGEO Hybrid Propulsion: Latest project achievements

Author: Lécossais, Anthony, Odic, Karine, Fiot, Daniel, Lestrade, Jean-Yves, Verberne, Onno, Fernando, Priya, Christ, Philipp, Searle, Tim, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], ArianeGroup SAS, ONERA / DMPE, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Nammo Raufoss AS, Airbus Defence and Space Ltd (Angleterre), Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH, SpaceTec Partners, and André, Cécile
Subjects: POLYETHYLENE, PEROXIDE D'HYDROGENE, HYPROGEO, GREEN PROPULSION, LONG DURATION FIRING, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, REDUCTION DE COUTS, H2020, PROPULSION SATELLITE, [SPI.FLUID] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, TUYERE ENDURANTE, CHAMBRE DE COMBUSTIN ISOCHORE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], COST REDUCTION, HYBRID PROPULSION, STABLE THRUST, ISOCHORIC COMBUSTION CHAMBER, HIGH TEST PEROXIDE (HTP), HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, PROPULSION HYBRIDE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], SPACECRAFT PROPULSION
Abstract: International audience; Independent access to space is a key component of the European Space Policy. The competition is increasing in this area both for the full launching systems and the key subsystems. Cost effectiveness becomes the main driving factor. This paper describes the advancements performed in HYPROGEO, a 3-years cooperative R&D project funded by the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 program. HYPROGEO is a consortium of 14 European partners managed by Airbus Defence and Space Toulouse, bringing together complementary profiles from large space industry, SMEs till research institutes.
Published: 2018

36. Toward an improved wall treatment for multiple-correction k-exact schemes

Author: Grégoire Pont, Pierre Brenner, Paola Cinnella, Amandine Menasria, ArianeGroup, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Airbus Safran Launchers, Laboratoire de Dynamique des Fluides (DynFluid), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)
Subjects: Polynomial, Finite volume method, Gaussian, Mathematical analysis, Boundary (topology), 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Sciences de l'ingénieur, Curvature, 01 natural sciences, Stencil, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Inviscid flow, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, 0101 mathematics, Couette flow, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; Improved wall boundary treatments are investigated for a family of high-order Godunovtypefinite volume schemes based on k-exact polynomial reconstructions in each cell of theprimitive variables, via a successive corrections procedure. We focus more particularly on the1-exact and 2-exact schemes which offer a good trade-off between accuracy and computationalefficiency. In both cases, the reconstruction stencil needs to be extended to the boundaries.Additionally, information about wall curvature has to be taken into account, which is doneby using a surface model based on bicubic Bézier patches for the walls. The performance ofthe proposed models is presented for two compressible cases, namely the inviscid flow past aGaussian bump and the viscous axisymmetric Couette flow.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Quantifying performance in human-robotic integrated operations for spaceflight applications: a mission-driven approach

Author: Hosseini, Shahrzad, Causse, Mickaël, Landgraf, Markus, Krueger, Thomas, Lizy-Destrez, Stéphanie, Dehais, Frédéric, Airbus (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), ESA - ESTEC (NETHERLANDS), Département Conception et conduite des véhicules Aéronautiques et Spatiaux (DCAS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), European Space Agency (ESA), Airbus Defence and Space [Bremen], and Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland]
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Neuroergonomics, Autre, Human-Robotic Integrated Operations, Performance, Human Factors, HumanFactors, Analogue Test, Space Exploration, Lunar Operations, Neuroscience
Abstract: International audience; As the global space exploration community moves towards the exploration of the Moon and beyond, so mustthe preparation of crew operations. Given the distinct operational requirements of human lunar explorationscenarios compared to the on-going ISS operations, the study of human-robotic integrated operations (HRIO)is key in the endeavour of mankind’s return to the Moon and enabling a sustainable exploration strategy.Moving beyond qualitative performance assessments of HRIO, one particular issue for exploration destinationsare time-delay conditions, and therefore the step must be made towards quantifying performance in theseoperations such that both crew and system designs are prepared accordingly. Based on the pilot studypreviously presented in Hosseini et al. [1], the current paper presents a mission-driven experiment campaignset up to study human performance regarding the ESA-led HERACLES mission, a proposed sub-scaletele-operated demonstrator mission aiming to prepare international partners for human lunar missions. Atargeted geological site in a lunar crater is set up in an analogue environment at ESA allowing a roverto be tele-operated. The knowledge gap in HRIO is challenged in this study, since reaching this level ofhuman-robotic partnership requires an unprecedented understanding of the interaction between the humanand robotic system. The approach to fill this gap is to quantify objectively the HRIO performance forspaceflight applications, by studying human and robotic elements as two separate yet cooperating systems.16 participants were instructed to drive the rover through an obstacle course using a controller and camera asinterface to the rover. Three mission-driven time-delay conditions were applied to simulate different controlconfigurations, i.e. 3.5s, 0.5s, and 0s representing control from ground, cis-lunar space, and lunar surface,respectively, assuming the rover is driving on the lunar surface. The experiment is set up such that human performance metrics are acquired following a neuroergonomics approach, focusing on the cardiovascularactivity to infer participant’s mental workload, and ocular behaviour, to measure attentional abilities. Inparallel, robotic metrics are acquired through the hardware and software output of the rover. Studyinghuman and robotic data output recorded in parallel allows quantification of the level of mental workloadunder the delay conditions and the resulting effects on the HRIO performance. This approach is believed toadvance the level of detail and understanding of HRIO as known to date, subsequently identifying the keyelements to prepare astronauts for future missions
Published: 2018

38. Mapping health status of chestnut forest stands using Sentinel-2 images

Author: Chéret, Véronique, Hamraoui, Yousra, Goulard, Michel, Denux, Jean-Philippe, Poilvé, Hervé, Chartier, Michel, Airbus (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Centre National de la Propriété Forestière - CNPF (FRANCE), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Centre national de la propriété forestière, Institut pour le développement forestier (IDF), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Sorbonne Universités (COMUE), Airbus Defence and Space, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Chestnut forest, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversité et Ecologie, Health status diagnosis, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; In many parts of France, health status of chestnut forest stands is a crucial concern for forest managers. These stands are made vulnerable by numerous diseases and sometimes unadapted forestry practices. Moreover, since last years, they were submitted to several droughts. In Dordogne province, the economic stakes are important. About 2/3 of the chestnut forest area are below the optimal production level. The actual extent of chestnut forest decline remains still unknown. Sentinel-2 time series show an interesting potential to map declining stands over a wide area and to monitor their evolutions. This study aim to propose a method to discriminate healthy chestnut forest stands from the declining ones with several levels of withering intensity over the whole Dordogne province. The proposed method is the development of a statistical model integrating in a parsimonious manner several vegetation indices and biophysical parameters. The statistical approach is based on an ordered polytomous regression to which are applied various technics of models’ selection. We aim to map 3 classes of predictive health status. In this study, Sentinel-2 images (10 bands at 10 and 20 m spatial resolution) acquired during the growing season of 2016 have been processed. Due to insufficient data quality related to atmospheric conditions, only 2 cloud-free images could be analyzed (one in July and one in September). About 36 vegetation indices were calculated from THEIA-MAJA L2A products and 5 biophysical parameters (Cover fraction of brown vegetation, Cover fraction of green vegetation, Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Green Leaf Area Index, Leaf water content) were processed from ESA level 1C product. These last parameters have been obtained with the Overland software (developed by Airbus DS Geo-Intelligence) by inverting a canopy reflectance model. This software couples the PROSPECT leaf model and the scattering by arbitrary inclined leaves (SAIL) canopy model. Calibration and validation of the predictive model are based on the health status of chestnut forest stands data survey. About 50 plots have been surveyed by foresters describing the chestnut trees health status by using two protocols (ARCHI and expert knowledge). Model stability over time and space will be further analyzed with Sentinel-2 time series during 2017 and 2018 on other different chestnut forest stands.
Published: 2018

39. Toward an Operations-Dedicated Model for Space Systems

Author: Nikolena Christofi, Xavier Pucel, Claude Baron, Marc Pantel, Sebastien Guilmeau, Christophe Ducamp, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Équipe Ingénierie Système et Intégration (LAAS-ISI), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse]
Subjects: Aerospace Engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Science Applications
Abstract: International audience; Current trends in the aerospace industry for the digitization of data, tools, and services call for novel solutions that can keep track of the latest technological advancements. Moreover, the increasing drive toward model-based approaches imposes the use of models for the development of complex systems, such as satellites. New types of methods and tools are needed in order to manage the still-growing complexity of embedded systems and their corresponding models. This paper addresses issues related to space systems (in-service) operations and proposes a multimodel approach to address them. The multimodel approach aims at facilitating the task of operational diagnosis by creating a monitoring and diagnosis-dedicated system model derived from existing system design (architecture, functional behavior, and safety) models. The purpose of the diagnosis-dedicated model is to enable the codesign of the system and its diagnosis tools in order to improve the performance of diagnosis activities and the system’s availability. This paper demonstrates the interests of the suggested approach with regard to the limitations of current practices.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Heuristic Guidance Techniques for the Exploration of Small Celestial Bodies

Author: Francesco Capolupo, Thierry Siméon, Jean-Claude Berges, Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Équipe Robotique et InteractionS (LAAS-RIS), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Heuristic (computer science), Real-time computing, Decision Making, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Autonomous Systems, State space, Guidance Navigation and Control of Vehicles, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Motion planning, Simulation, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Spacecraft, business.industry, Robotics, Complex dynamics, Geography, Mission Planning and, Control and Systems Engineering, Trajectory and Path Planning, Robot, Comet (programming language), Space Exploration and, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract: International audience; Sampling Based Motion Planning (SBMP) techniques are widely used in robotics to plan feasible trajectories of a vehicle/robot evolving in a complex and constrained environment. Algorithms such as Rapidly Exploring Random Trees (RRT) and Sampling Based Model Predictive Optimization (SBMPO) allow for an efficient exploration of the state space, and the construction of a feasible sequence of maneuvers and trajectories that respect the kynodynamic and path constraints of the system. Proximity operations around small bodies are characterized by complex dynamics and constraints that can be easily and autonomously handled by motion planning techniques. This paper presents two motion planning algorithms designed to solve two different guidance problems: the landing on a small body and its observation. The mission scenarios considered to test the algorithms are the landing of Rosetta on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and the observation of Didymain in the Didymos binary asteroid system. To conclude, the applicability of SBMP techniques to small body proximity operations are discussed. In particular, the advantages of implementing SBMP algorithms to solve complex high-level planning problems or to guide a spacecraft in a cluttered environment are highlighted.
Published: 2017

41. Impact of the spatial distribution of high content of carbon nanotubes on the electrical conductivity of glass fiber fabrics/epoxy composites fabricated by RTM technique

Author: Jinbo Bai, Delong He, Diana Salem, Gérard-Pascal Piau, Jacques Cinquin, Laboratoire de mécanique des sols, structures et matériaux (MSSMat), CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Sadron (ICS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Airbus Group Innovations [Suresnes], Airbus [France], Bai, Jinbo, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen]
Subjects: Materials science, Transfer molding, Glass fiber, Composite number, 02 engineering and technology, Carbon nanotube, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Composite material, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Contact resistance, General Engineering, Polymer, Epoxy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Casting, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, visual_art, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: To incorporate high content of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into a polymer matrix is greatly desired to obtain highly conductive structural composites, but it is difficult in practice to be realized due to increased resin viscosity along with dispersion difficulty. In this study, we demonstrate the production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-integrated glass fiber fabrics (GFF)/epoxy composites by resin transfer molding (RTM), in which the mass fraction of CNTs on GFF varies from 0 to as high as 8 wt%. Three different methods were compared to load CNTs on GFFs, which include one-step in-situ CVD growth, catalyst pre-deposited two-step CVD growth and CNT suspension casting. For each type of CNTs-GFFs, a series of RTM composites with varied CNT contents were prepared. The impact of the CNT spatial distribution on the composite in-plane and through-plane electrical conductivities was compared at different CNT loading levels by subtracting contact resistance between the sample and the electrodes. It was found that the composites reinforced with one-step CVD-grown CNTs/GFFs show the best electrical conductivity among the three types of the composites studied, due to good CNT structure and their alignment on GF surface. A detailed discussion was made on the composite conductive behavior with the different CNTs-GFFs. This study helps to provide insight to the production of high-performance structural composites functionalized with high contents of CNTs at low cost.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Compaction Behavior Of Out-of-Autoclave Prepreg Materials

Author: Léonard Serrano, Philippe Olivier, Jacques Cinquin, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Clément Ader ( ICA ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux ( IMT Mines Albi ), Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Airbus Group Innovations [Suresnes], Airbus [France], and Airbus Defence and Space [Taufkirchen]
Subjects: Materials science, Compaction, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Poor quality, Autoclave, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Pressure, Curing, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Process engineering, Porosity, Génie des procédés, Curing (chemistry), Composites, [ INFO.INFO-ET ] Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], business.industry, Technologies Émergeantes, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], 0210 nano-technology, business, Production rate
Abstract: International audience; The main challenges with composite parts manufacturing are related to the curing means, mainly autoclaves, the length of their cycles and their operating costs. In order to decrease this dependency, out of autoclave materials have been considered as a solution for high production rate parts such as spars, flaps, etc… However, most out-of-autoclave process do not possess the same maturity as their counterpart, especially concerning part quality1. Some pre-cure processes such as compaction and ply lay-up are usually less of a concern for autoclave manufacturing: the pressure applied during the cycle participates to reduce the potential defects (porosity caused by a poor quality lay-up, bad compaction, entrapped air or humidity…). For out-of-autoclave parts, those are crucial steps which may have many consequences on the final quality of the laminate2. In order to avoid this quality loss, those steps must be well understood.
Published: 2017

43. Interlaboratory comparisons of radar cross section measurements by the 'GTi', criteria suggestions

Author: S. Leman, R. Guillerey, Pierre Massaloux, F. Daout, G-P Piau, J C Castelli, Christelle Eyraud, J.-M. Geffrin, S. Fargeot, Fabrice Comblet, G. Maze-Merceur, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_MOM_PIM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HIPE (HIPE), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, DGA/CELAR, Nexio, Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine (CESTA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Airbus Group Innovations [Suresnes], Airbus [France], GDR Ondes, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Airbus Defence and Space, and Airbus Group
Subjects: Radar cross-section, Engineering, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Anechoic chamber, business.industry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Systems engineering, Electronic engineering, Measurement uncertainty, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, business
Abstract: International audience; A comparison of Radar Cross Section (RCS) measurement results between several French measurement indoor facilities has been organized in the framework of a French Working Group (Groupe de Travail sur les incertitudes en chambre anéchoïque: GTi), dealing with measurement uncertainties in anechoic chamber. The GTi involves 22 laboratories that are either industrial or academic research ones, or laboratories depending on public organisms. Three tasks have been defined: 1/ State of the art, 2/ Comparisons of RCS measurements, 3/ Comparisons of Antenna Measurements. This paper deals with the second task, in which 8 laboratories are engaged. The motivations and the tasks are described in this paper and results will be presented at the conference. Comparison criteria will also be proposed.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Future evolution of public safety communications in the 5G Era

Author: Bader, Faouzi, Martinod, Laurent, Baldini, Gianmarco, Frantz, Fred, Kandeepan, Sithamparanathan, Sallent, Oriol, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Joint Research center, European Commission, Engility Corporation, RMIT University [Melbourne], The School of Computer Science and IT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, and Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Compression quasi sans perte d'images satellites par filtrage de résidus

Author: Bacchus, Pascal, Roumy, Aline, Fraisse, Renaud, Guillemot, Christine, Analysis representation, compression and communication of visual data (Sirocco), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAL, IMAGE ET LANGAGE (IRISA-D6), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse]
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science
Abstract: National audience; We describe an end-to-end trainable neural network for satellite image compression. We first introduce a cost functioncombining a perceptual loss and the classical mean square error that significantly improves the performance of the proposedcompression solution. We then present a multi-loss balancing strategy to optimize the learning. Finally, we add a compression ofthe image residual with a specialised network to best preserve the high frequency details present in the satellite images.; Nous décrivons un réseau de neurones entraînable de bout en bout pour la compression d'images satellites. Nous introduisons d'abord une fonction de coût combinant une perte perceptuelle et l'erreur quadratique moyenne classique qui améliore de manière significative les performances de la solution de compression proposée. Nous présentons ensuite une stratégie d'équilibrage multi-objectifs pour optimiser l'apprentissage. Enfin, nous ajoutons une compression du résidu de l'image avec un réseau spécialisé pour préserver au mieux les détails à haute fréquence présents dans les images satellites.
Published: 2023

46. Filtered Residual Compression for Satellite Images

Author: Bacchus, Pascal, Fraisse, Renaud, Guillemot, Christine, Roumy, Aline, Analysis representation, compression and communication of visual data (Sirocco), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAL, IMAGE ET LANGAGE (IRISA-D6), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], This work was supported by the BPI France Lichie project, and IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society
Subjects: Satellite Application, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Deep Image Compression, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Residual Compression, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: International audience; Learned image compression neural networks have difficulties adapting to certain satellite image characteristics, especially high frequencies that disappear at a high bit-rate in the blur generated in the reconstruction. To answer this problem we describe a joint end-to-end trainable neural network. It is separated into a general compression network and a smaller specialised network. We train a specialized network to compress the residual part of the image to best preserve the highfrequency details present in the satellite images. The proposed model achieves higher rate-distortion performance than current lossy image compression standards and also manages to retrieve details previously poorly reconstructed.
Published: 2023

47. From Beliefs to Attitudes: Polias, a Model of Attitude Dynamics Based on Cognitive Modeling and Field Data

Author: Jean-Daniel Kant, François Prenot-Guinard, Kei-Léo Brousmiche, Nicolas Sabouret, Systèmes Multi-Agents (SMA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LIMSI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Airbus Defence and Space, and Airbus Group
Subjects: Cognitive model, Social psychology (sociology), media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, social simulation, 050105 experimental psychology, Social group, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Computer Science (miscellaneous), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], education, Social simulation, media_common, education.field_of_study, Social network, business.industry, Attitude, 05 social sciences, General Social Sciences, calibration using field data, 16. Peace & justice, cognitive modeling, Attitude change, business, Psychology, Social psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, attitude formation
Abstract: International audience; Attitude is a key concept in social psychology. The paper presents a novel agent-based model to simulate attitude formation by combining a rational and an emotional components based on cognitive, psychological and social theories. Individuals of the artificial population perceive actions taken by actors such as government or brands, they form an attitude toward them and also communicate the events through a social network. The model outputs are first studied through a functional analysis in which some unique macroscopic behaviors have emerged such as the impact of social groups, the resistance of the population toward disinfor-mation campaigns or the social pressure. We then applied our model on a real world scenario depicting the eeort of French Forces in their stabilization operations in Kapisa (Afghanistan) between and. We calibrated the model parameters based on this scenario and the results of opinion polls that were conducted in the area during the same period about the sentiment of the population toward the Forces. Our model was able to reproduce polls results with a global error under %. Based on these results, we show the diierent dynamics tendencies that emerged among the population by applying a non-supervised classification algorithm.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Surface Modification of Space-Related Flat Cable Conductors by a Novel Technological Process

Author: Claus G. Zimmermann, Marc Sevoz, C. Noemayr, Thierry Paulmier, A. Grigorevski, Z. A. Iskanderova, Jacob I. Kleiman, Integrity Testing Laboratory (ITL), Public Joint Stock Company 'Kompozit', Airbus Defence and Space [Deutschland], ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), and Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse]
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Flexible cable, 02 engineering and technology, Temperature cycling, Dissipation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Conductor, ION-BEAM SURFACE TREATMENT, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Geostationary orbit, Surface modification, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, business, CABLE CONDUCTOR, Electrical conductor, Space environment
Abstract: International audience; Results of making surfaces of flexible cable conductors, used for solar arrays in geostationary orbit, charge dissipative by a specially developed method of ion-beam surface treatment with simultaneous surface renewal are presented. All flexible cable conductor surfaces, including those with rough morphology and foreign inclusions, achieved surface resistivity of ∼10–20 MΩ/sq. at room temperature and kept charge dissipation in a wide +/-150 °C space-related temperature range. A testing space qualification program confirmed all treated flexible cable conductors being resistant to thermal cycling and humidity, mechanically durable, and radiation resistant in geostationary orbit. All flexible cable conductors successfully survived 15 years space-equivalent geostationary orbit imitating testing. A comparison of beginning- and end-of-life characteristics of original and treated flexible cable conductors after this testing confirmed additional decrease of surface resistivity and almost equal final thermal-optical characteristics. Electrostatic discharge testing in a geostationary orbit charging testing facility demonstrated the long-lasting charge-dissipation properties of the treated flexible cable conductors, fully preventing them from building up critical charges in geostationary orbit environment, when a reliable grounding path is ensured for the surfaces.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. PROXIMA: Improving Measurement-Based Timing Analysis through Randomisation and Probabilistic Analysis

Author: Fabrice Cros, Carles Hernandez, Mikel Fernandez, Franck Wartel, Leonidas Kosmidis, Ian Broster, Cristian Maxim, Francisco J. Cazorla, Irune Aguirre, Benoit Triquet, Jan Andersson, Tullio Vardanega, Mladen Slijepcevic, Francis Vatrinet, Adriana Gogonel, Andrea Gianarro, Glenn Ashley Farrall, Liliana Cucu, David Corrales Morales, Mikel Azkarate-Askasua, Eduardo Quinones, Jaume Abella, Iain Bate, Code Lo, Philippa Conmy, Enrico Mezzetti, Walid Talaboulma, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Cobham Gaisler [Göteborg], Dipartimento di Matematica Pura e Applicata [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova, SYSGO [Le Pecq], Department of Computer Science [York] (CS-YORK), University of York [York, UK], Rapita Systems Ltd [York], IK4 - IKERLAN [Mondragón], Airbus [France], Models and methods of analysis and optimization for systems with real-time and embedding constraints (AOSTE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-COMmunications, Réseaux, systèmes Embarqués et Distribués (Laboratoire I3S - COMRED), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Airbus Defence and Space [Saint-Médard-en-Jalles], Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Infineon Technologies AG [München], Airbus Operation S.A.S., European Project: 611085,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2013-10,PROXIMA(2013), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-COMmunications, Réseaux, systèmes Embarqués et Distribués (Laboratoire I3S - COMRED), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: certification, Probabilistic exchange algorithm, Programari, Computer science, measurement-based timing analysis, probability, Jitter, 02 engineering and technology, Certification, Randomization, 01 natural sciences, time-and-effort-intensive step, Probabilistic Analysis, probabilistic real-time control of mixed-criticality multicore systems, Software, Hardware, Supercomputadors, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, timing behaviour, Probabilistic analysis of algorithms, Software verification and validation, Timing, Supercomputers--Programming, Software measurement, PROXIMA, randomisation, Probabilistic logic, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Measurement Based Timing Analysis, Principal (computer security), Software architecture, Enginyeria electrònica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Static timing analysis, probabilistic analysis, system qualification, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, multiprocessing systems, Multicore processing, real-time systems, Embedded system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, business, Software engineering
Abstract: The use of increasingly complex hardware and software platforms in response to the ever rising performance demands of modern real-time systems complicates the verification and validation of their timing behaviour, which form a time-and-effort-intensive step of system qualification or certification. In this paper we relate the current state of practice in measurement-based timing analysis, the predominant choice for industrial developers, to the proceedings of the PROXIMA (Probabilistic real-time control of mixed-criticality multicore systems) project in that very field. We recall the difficulties that the shift towards more complex computing platforms causes in that regard. Then we discuss the probabilistic approach proposed by PROXIMA to overcome some of those limitations. We present the main principles behind the PROXIMA approach as well as the changes it requires at hardware or software level underneath the application. We also present the current status of the project against its overall goals, and highlight some of the principal confidence-building results achieved so far. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under the PROXIMA Project (grant agreement 611085). Carles Hern´andez is jointly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and FEDER funds through grant TIN2014-60404-JIN. Jaume Abella has been partially supported by the MINECO under Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral fellowship number RYC-2013-14717.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Methodology to account for load factor and availability during conceptual design phase of a gen IV nuclear power point

Author: Vernhet, D., LIBESSART, M., CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Airbus Defence and Space [Saint-Médard-en-Jalles], Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], and amplexor, amplexor
Subjects: [PHYS.NUCL] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], RAM, SFR, reliability, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], [PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], availability, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], maintenability, ASTRID
Abstract: International audience; Increasing availability is a permanent objective of the nuclear plant designers and operators.For ASTRID SFR project, this consideration was taken into account at the very beginning of the reactor conceptual design.The parameters on which the plant designer can focus their action are - The increase of the power production cycles duration,- The reduce of the refueling et inspection outages,- The increase of equipment reliability and parts availabilities.This overall work is conducted progressively and iteratively on all the ASTRID SFR reactor equipment and functions.This original work has led to - identify the functions or equipment on which it was necessary to focus in priority.- Question on equipment or function failure consequences (and the solution to avoid being a Driver).- Set reliability targets by system or function and to assess gap between the target and the current design.
Published: 2016

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

402 results on '"Airbus Defence and Space"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources