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1. P16.02 Atezolizumab, Bevacizumab and Chemotherapy (IMpower150) in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Australian Experience

Author: Dean, S., primary, Ainsworth, H., additional, Alexander, M., additional, Dharmaraj, D., additional, O’Connell, R., additional, Mitchell, P., additional, Torres, J., additional, Saqib, A., additional, Ladwa, R., additional, Pavlakis, N., additional, Clarke, S., additional, Tay, R., additional, Solomon, B., additional, John, T., additional, Moore, M., additional, Yip, P.Y., additional, Kao, S., additional, Itchins, M., additional, and Parakh, S., additional
Published: 2021
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2. Views of Our Readers

Author: Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, Martin, Edward F., Mosher, Ellsworth H., Stanley, Edmund C., Radoff, Martin, Brown, Ainsworth H., Finkelstein, James N., Nolan, J. Michael, Siegler, Sylvan, Moton, Gerald C., Aland, Robert H., Sastri, D. S., and Kratovil, Robert
Published: 1977

3. Mycotic keratoconjunctivitis in 12-day-old red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa)

Author: Dalton, J. R. and Ainsworth, H.
Published: 2011
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4. Calderdale Excellence Partnership : IPEELL. Evaluation and executive summary

Author: Torgerson, C.J., Torgerson, D.J., Ainsworth, H., Hewitt, C.E., Kasim, A., Kokotsaki, D., Bell, K., Elliott, L., and Gascoine, L.
Published: 2018

5. Pretreatment prediction of response to ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis: development and validation of the UDCA Response Score

Author: Carbone, M, Nardi, A, Flack, S, Carpino, G, Varvaropoulou, N, Gavrila, C, Spicer, A, Badrock, J, Bernuzzi, F, Cardinale, V, Ainsworth, H, Heneghan, M, Thorburn, D, Bathgate, A, Jones, R, Neuberger, J, Battezzati, P, Zuin, M, Taylor-Robinson, S, Donato, M, Kirby, J, Mitchell-Thain, R, Floreani, A, Sampaziotis, F, Muratori, L, Alvaro, D, Marzioni, M, Miele, L, Marra, F, Giannini, E, Gaudio, E, Ronca, V, Bonato, G, Cristoferi, L, Malinverno, F, Gerussi, A, Stocken, D, Cordell, H, Hirschfield, G, Alexander, G, Sandford, R, Jones, D, Invernizzi, P, Mells, G, Thomas, C, Rahman, M, Yapp, T, Lye Ch'ng, C, Harrison, M, Sturgess, R, Galaska, R, Healey, C, Whiteman, J, Czaijkowski, M, Gray, C, Gunasekera, A, Gyawli, P, Premchand, P, Mann, S, Elliott, K, Kapur, K, Watson, A, Foster, G, Trembling, P, Subhani, J, Harvey, R, Mccorry, R, Adgey, C, Hobson, L, Mulvaney-Jones, C, Evans, R, Mathialahan, T, Ramanaden, D, Gasem, J, Van Duyvenvoorde, G, Shorrock, C, Seward, K, Southern, P, Tibble, J, Penn, R, Gorard, D, Maiden, J, Damant, R, Palegwala, A, Jones, S, Dolwani, S, Prince, M, Silvestre, V, Foxton, M, Dungca, E, Mitchison, H, Wheatley, N, Gooding, I, Doyle, H, Karmo, M, Kent, M, Saksena, S, Braim, D, Patel, M, Lord, S, Ede, R, Paton, A, Austin, A, Lancaster, N, Sayer, J, Gibbins, A, Hogben, K, Hovell, C, Fisher, N, Carter, M, Koss, K, Musselwhite, J, Muscariu, F, Piotreowicz, A, Mckay, A, Grimley, C, Neal, D, Ting Tan, L, Lim, G, Brighton, J, Foale, C, Ala, A, Saeed, A, Flahive, K, Wood, G, Townshend, P, Ford, C, Brown, J, Kordula, J, Bowles, J, Wilkinson, M, Palmer, C, Ramage, J, Gordon, H, Featherstone, J, Ridpath, J, Ngatchu, T, Levi, S, Shaukat, S, Sadeghian, J, Shidrawi, R, Williams, B, Abouda, G, Duggan, C, Hynes, A, Narain, M, Rees, I, Salam, I, Crossey, M, Brown, A, Macnicol, C, Williams, S, Wilhelmsen, E, Banim, P, Raymode, P, Chilton, A, Das, D, Lee, H, Curtis, H, Gess, M, Durant, E, Drake, I, Bishop, R, Davies, M, Aldersley, M, Ncube, N, Mcnair, A, Srirajaskanthan, R, Sen, S, Casey, R, Bird, G, Mendall, M, Cowley, C, Barnardo, A, Kitchen, P, Yoong, K, Amore, K, Sirdefield, D, Orpe, J, Mathew, R, Macfaul, G, Wrigth, A, Shah, A, Evans, C, Keggans, J, Bird, B, Baxter, G, Saha, S, Pollock, K, Hughes, M, Bramley, P, Grieve, E, Young, K, Fraser, A, Mukhopadhya, A, Ocker, K, Mills, P, Hines, F, Shallcross, C, Wilkins, J, Grellier, L, Campbell, S, Martin, K, Innes, C, Shepherd, A, Rushbrook, S, Valliani, T, Przemioslo, R, Fairlamb, H, Macdonald, C, Eastick, A, Metcalf, J, Tanqueray, E, Shmueli, U, Holbrook, B, Davis, A, Browning, J, Naqvi, A, Walker, K, Lee, T, Verheyden, J, Slininger, S, Ryder, S, Chapman, R, Collier, J, O'Donnell, D, Stafford, L, Williamson, K, Kent, L, Klass, H, Ninkovic, M, March, L, Cramp, M, Simpson, D, Dickson, C, Sharer, N, Hayes, M, Goggin, P, Quinne, M, Pearson, S, Hoeroldt, B, Jones, L, Wright, A, Booth, J, Loftus, A, Lipscomb, G, Dewhurst, H, Gunter, E, Williams, E, Fouracres, A, Farrington, L, Graves, L, Hussaini, H, Stableforth, B, Marriott, S, Ayres, R, Leoni, M, Burroughs, A, Marshall, E, Tyrer, D, Lombard, M, Patanwala, I, Dali-Kemmery, L, Lambourne, V, Maltby, J, Vyas, S, Colley, J, Shinder, B, Singhal, S, Jones, J, Mills, M, Gleeson, D, Carnahan, M, Butterworth, J, Boulton, K, Taylor, N, George, K, Harding, T, Tregonning, J, Douglass, A, Brown, C, Clifford, G, Panter, S, Gocher, D, Shearman, J, Bray, G, Hamilton, M, Butcher, G, Forton, D, Mclindon, J, Curtis, J, Shewan, T, Cowan, M, Whatley, G, Nasseri, M, Grover, B, Sivaramakrishnan, N, Ducker, S, Houghton, K, Griffiths, L, Tripoli, S, Pitcher, M, Shpuza, E, White, N, Ghosh, D, Douds, A, Green, M, Brookes, M, Cumlat, L, Wong, V, Warner, K, Netherton, K, Mandal, A, Jain, S, Gupta, H, Sanghi, P, Pereira, S, Gunson, B, Lim, R, Gallagher, S, Clement, D, Brind, A, Watts, G, Mupudzi, M, Wright, M, Gitahi, J, Gordon, F, Unitt, E, Pateman, H, Batham, S, Delahooke, T, Grant, A, Conder, J, Higham, A, Cox, M, O'Donohoe, L, Currie, L, King, A, Oblak, M, Collins, C, Whalley, S, Quinn, M, Baird, Y, Amey, I, Fraser, J, Li, A, Cotterill, D, Bell, A, Singhal, A, Gee, I, Greer, S, Ang, Y, Ransford, R, Allison, J, Gotto, J, Dyer, S, Sweeting, H, Millson, C, Labbadia, G, Bragazzi, M, Andreone, P, Azzaroli, F, Galli, A, Tarocchi, M, Gasbarrini, A, Grieco, A, Marrone, G, Valenti, L, Maroni, L, Rigamonti, C, Picciotto, A, Carbone, Marco, Nardi, Alessandra, Flack, Steve, Carpino, Guido, Varvaropoulou, Nikoletta, Gavrila, Caius, Spicer, Ann, Badrock, Jonathan, Bernuzzi, Francesca, Cardinale, Vincenzo, Ainsworth, Holly F, Heneghan, Michael A, Thorburn, Douglas, Bathgate, Andrew, Jones, Rebecca, Neuberger, James M, Battezzati, Pier Maria, Zuin, Massimo, Taylor-Robinson, Simon, Donato, Maria F, Kirby, John, Mitchell-Thain, Robert, Floreani, Annarosa, Sampaziotis, Fotios, Muratori, Luigi, Alvaro, Domenico, Marzioni, Marco, Miele, Luca, Marra, Fabio, Giannini, Edoardo, Gaudio, Eugenio, Ronca, Vincenzo, Bonato, Giulia, Cristoferi, Laura, Malinverno, Federica, Gerussi, Alessio, Stocken, Deborah D, Cordell, Heather J, Hirschfield, Gideon M, Alexander, Graeme J, Sandford, Richard N, Jones, David E, Invernizzi, Pietro, Mells, George F, Thomas, Caradog, Rahman, Meshbah, Yapp, Tom, Lye Ch'ng, Chin, Harrison, Melanie, Sturgess, Richard, Galaska, Roman, Healey, Chris, Whiteman, Jessica, Czaijkowski, Marek, Gray, Catherine, Gunasekera, Anton, Gyawli, Pranab, Premchand, Purushothaman, Mann, Steven, Elliott, Keith, Kapur, Kapil, Watson, Alan, Foster, Graham, Trembling, Paul, Subhani, Javaid, Harvey, Rory, McCorry, Roger, Adgey, Carolyn, Hobson, Lucie, Mulvaney-Jones, Caroline, Evans, Richard, Mathialahan, Thiriloganathan, Ramanaden, David, Gasem, Jaber, Van Duyvenvoorde, Greta, Shorrock, Christopher, Seward, Katie, Southern, Paul, Tibble, Jeremy, Penn, Ruth, Gorard, David, Maiden, Jane, Damant, Rose, Palegwala, Altaf, Jones, Susan, Alexander, Graeme, Mells, George, Sandford, Richard, Dolwani, Sunil, Prince, Martin, Silvestre, Valeria, Foxton, Matthew, Dungca, Eleanor, Mitchison, Harriet, Wheatley, Natalie, Gooding, Ian, Doyle, Helen, Karmo, Mazn, Kent, Melanie, Saksena, Sushma, Braim, Delyth, Patel, Minesh, Lord, Susan, Ede, Roland, Paton, Alison, Austin, Andrew, Lancaster, Nicola, Sayer, Joanna, Gibbins, Andrew, Hogben, Karen, Hovell, Chris, Fisher, Neil, Carter, Martyn, Koss, Konrad, Musselwhite, Janine, Muscariu, Florin, Piotreowicz, Andrzej, McKay, Alexandra, Grimley, Charles, Neal, David, Ting Tan, Lai, Lim, Guan, Brighton, Jacqueline, Foale, Carole, Ala, Aftab, Saeed, Athar, Flahive, Kerry, Wood, Gordon, Townshend, Paula, Ford, Chris, Brown, Jonathan, Kordula, Jean, Bowles, Jane, Wilkinson, Mark, Palmer, Caroline, Ramage, John, Gordon, Harriet, Featherstone, James, Ridpath, Jo, Ngatchu, Theodore, Levi, Sass, Shaukat, Syed, Sadeghian, Joy, Shidrawi, Ray, Williams, Bronwen, Abouda, George, Jones, Sarah, Duggan, Claire, Hynes, Abigail, Narain, Mark, Rees, Ian, Salam, Imroz, Crossey, Mary, Brown, Ashley, MacNicol, Carolyn, Williams, Simon, Wilhelmsen, Elva, Banim, Paul, Raymode, Parizade, Chilton, Andrew, Das, Debasish, Lee, Hye-Jeong, Curtis, Howard, Heneghan, Michael, Gess, Markus, Durant, Emma, Drake, I. M., Bishop, Rebecca, Davies, Mervyn, Aldersley, Mark, Ncube, Noma, McNair, Alistair, Srirajaskanthan, Raj, Sen, Sambit, Casey, Rebecca, Bird, George, Mendall, Mike, Cowley, Caroline, Barnardo, Adrian, Kitchen, Paul, Yoong, Kevin, Amore, Kelly, Sirdefield, Dawn, Orpe, Jacky, Mathew, Ray, MacFaul, George, Wrigth, Aruna, Shah, Amir, Evans, Chris, Keggans, Janie, Bird, Bridget, Baxter, Gwen, Saha, Subrata, Pollock, Katharine, Hughes, Maggie, Bramley, Peter, Grieve, Emma, Young, Karin, Fraser, Andrew, Mukhopadhya, Ashis, Ocker, Kate, Mills, Peter, Hines, Francis, Shallcross, Chris, Wilkins, Joy, Grellier, Leonie, Campbell, Stewart, Martin, Kirsty, Innes, Caron, Shepherd, Alan, Rushbrook, Simon, Valliani, Talal, Przemioslo, Robert, Fairlamb, Helen, Macdonald, Chris, Eastick, Anne, Metcalf, Jane, Tanqueray, Elizabeth, Shmueli, Udi, Holbrook, Becky, Davis, Andrew, Browning, Julie, Naqvi, Asifabbas, Walker, Kirsten, Lee, Tom, Verheyden, Juliette, Slininger, Susan, Ryder, Stephen D, Chapman, Roger, Collier, Jane, O'Donnell, Denise, Stafford, Lizzie, Williamson, Kate, Kent, Linda, Klass, Howard, Ninkovic, Mary, March, Linda, Cramp, Matthew, Simpson, Diane, Dickson, Christine, Sharer, Nicholas, Hayes, Maria, Goggin, Patrick, Quinne, Mary, Pearson, Sallyanne, Hoeroldt, Barbara, Jones, Linda, Wright, Alice, Booth, Jonathan, Loftus, Alison, Lipscomb, George, Dewhurst, Hannah, Gunter, Emma, Williams, Earl, Fouracres, Anna, Farrington, Liz, Graves, Lyn, Hussaini, Hyder, Stableforth, Bill, Marriott, Suzie, Ayres, Reuben, Leoni, Marina, Burroughs, Andrew, Marshall, Eileen, Tyrer, David, Martin, Kate, Lombard, Martin, Patanwala, Imran, Dali-Kemmery, Lola, Lambourne, Victoria, Maltby, Julia, Vyas, Samir, Colley, Julie, Shinder, Bal, Singhal, Saket, Jones, Jayne, Mills, Marisa, Gleeson, Dermot, Carnahan, Mandy, Butterworth, Jeff, Boulton, Kerenza, Taylor, Natalie, George, Keith, Harding, Tim, Tregonning, Julie, Douglass, Andrew, Brown, Carly, Clifford, Gayle, Panter, Simon, Gocher, Denise, Shearman, Jeremy, Bray, Gary, Hamilton, Maria, Butcher, Graham, Forton, Daniel, Mclindon, John, Curtis, Janette, Das, Debashis, Shewan, Tracey, Cowan, Matthew, Whatley, Gregory, Nasseri, Mariam, Grover, Bob, Sivaramakrishnan, Nurani, Ducker, Samantha, Houghton, Kathryn, Jones, David, Griffiths, Laura, Tripoli, Sherill, Pitcher, Maxton, Shpuza, Ervin, White, Nikki, Ghosh, Deb, Douds, Andrew, Green, Marie, Brookes, Matthew, Cumlat, Lourdes, Wong, Voi Shim, Warner, Karen, Netherton, Kimberley, Mandal, Adtya, Jain, Snjiv, Gupta, Hemant, Sanghi, Pradeep, Pereira, Steve, Neuberger, James, Gunson, Bridget, Hirschfield, Gideon, Lim, Reina Teegan, Gallagher, Susan, Clement, Darren, Brind, Alison, Watts, Gill, Mupudzi, Mcdonald, Wright, Mark, Gitahi, Jane, Gordon, Fiona, Gocher, Denis, Unitt, Esther, Pateman, Hilary, Batham, Sally, Delahooke, Toby, Grant, Allister, Conder, Jill, Higham, Andrew, Cox, Mark, O'Donohoe, Lynn, Currie, Lynn, King, Alistair, Oblak, Metod, Collins, Carole, Whalley, Simon, Quinn, Marie, Baird, Yolanda, Amey, Isobel, Fraser, Jocelyn, Li, Andy, Cotterill, Donna, Bell, Andrew, Singhal, Amit, Gee, Ian, Greer, Sandra, Ang, Yeng, Ransford, Rupert, Allison, Joanna, Gotto, James, Dyer, Simon, Sweeting, Helen, Millson, Charles, Labbadia, Giancarlo, Bragazzi, Maria Consiglia, Andreone, Pietro, Azzaroli, Francesco, Galli, Andrea, Tarocchi, Mirko, Gasbarrini, Antonio, GRIECO, ANTONIO, Marrone, Giuseppe, Donato, Maria Francesca, Valenti, Luca, Maroni, Luca, Rigamonti, Cristina, Picciotto, Antonino, Carbone, M, Nardi, A, Flack, S, Carpino, G, Varvaropoulou, N, Gavrila, C, Spicer, A, Badrock, J, Bernuzzi, F, Cardinale, V, Ainsworth, H, Heneghan, M, Thorburn, D, Bathgate, A, Jones, R, Neuberger, J, Battezzati, P, Zuin, M, Taylor-Robinson, S, Donato, M, Kirby, J, Mitchell-Thain, R, Floreani, A, Sampaziotis, F, Muratori, L, Alvaro, D, Marzioni, M, Miele, L, Marra, F, Giannini, E, Gaudio, E, Ronca, V, Bonato, G, Cristoferi, L, Malinverno, F, Gerussi, A, Stocken, D, Cordell, H, Hirschfield, G, Alexander, G, Sandford, R, Jones, D, Invernizzi, P, Mells, G, Thomas, C, Rahman, M, Yapp, T, Lye Ch'ng, C, Harrison, M, Sturgess, R, Galaska, R, Healey, C, Whiteman, J, Czaijkowski, M, Gray, C, Gunasekera, A, Gyawli, P, Premchand, P, Mann, S, Elliott, K, Kapur, K, Watson, A, Foster, G, Trembling, P, Subhani, J, Harvey, R, Mccorry, R, Adgey, C, Hobson, L, Mulvaney-Jones, C, Evans, R, Mathialahan, T, Ramanaden, D, Gasem, J, Van Duyvenvoorde, G, Shorrock, C, Seward, K, Southern, P, Tibble, J, Penn, R, Gorard, D, Maiden, J, Damant, R, Palegwala, A, Jones, S, Dolwani, S, Prince, M, Silvestre, V, Foxton, M, Dungca, E, Mitchison, H, Wheatley, N, Gooding, I, Doyle, H, Karmo, M, Kent, M, Saksena, S, Braim, D, Patel, M, Lord, S, Ede, R, Paton, A, Austin, A, Lancaster, N, Sayer, J, Gibbins, A, Hogben, K, Hovell, C, Fisher, N, Carter, M, Koss, K, Musselwhite, J, Muscariu, F, Piotreowicz, A, Mckay, A, Grimley, C, Neal, D, Ting Tan, L, Lim, G, Brighton, J, Foale, C, Ala, A, Saeed, A, Flahive, K, Wood, G, Townshend, P, Ford, C, Brown, J, Kordula, J, Bowles, J, Wilkinson, M, Palmer, C, Ramage, J, Gordon, H, Featherstone, J, Ridpath, J, Ngatchu, T, Levi, S, Shaukat, S, Sadeghian, J, Shidrawi, R, Williams, B, Abouda, G, Duggan, C, Hynes, A, Narain, M, Rees, I, Salam, I, Crossey, M, Brown, A, Macnicol, C, Williams, S, Wilhelmsen, E, Banim, P, Raymode, P, Chilton, A, Das, D, Lee, H, Curtis, H, Gess, M, Durant, E, Drake, I, Bishop, R, Davies, M, Aldersley, M, Ncube, N, Mcnair, A, Srirajaskanthan, R, Sen, S, Casey, R, Bird, G, Mendall, M, Cowley, C, Barnardo, A, Kitchen, P, Yoong, K, Amore, K, Sirdefield, D, Orpe, J, Mathew, R, Macfaul, G, Wrigth, A, Shah, A, Evans, C, Keggans, J, Bird, B, Baxter, G, Saha, S, Pollock, K, Hughes, M, Bramley, P, Grieve, E, Young, K, Fraser, A, Mukhopadhya, A, Ocker, K, Mills, P, Hines, F, Shallcross, C, Wilkins, J, Grellier, L, Campbell, S, Martin, K, Innes, C, Shepherd, A, Rushbrook, S, Valliani, T, Przemioslo, R, Fairlamb, H, Macdonald, C, Eastick, A, Metcalf, J, Tanqueray, E, Shmueli, U, Holbrook, B, Davis, A, Browning, J, Naqvi, A, Walker, K, Lee, T, Verheyden, J, Slininger, S, Ryder, S, Chapman, R, Collier, J, O'Donnell, D, Stafford, L, Williamson, K, Kent, L, Klass, H, Ninkovic, M, March, L, Cramp, M, Simpson, D, Dickson, C, Sharer, N, Hayes, M, Goggin, P, Quinne, M, Pearson, S, Hoeroldt, B, Jones, L, Wright, A, Booth, J, Loftus, A, Lipscomb, G, Dewhurst, H, Gunter, E, Williams, E, Fouracres, A, Farrington, L, Graves, L, Hussaini, H, Stableforth, B, Marriott, S, Ayres, R, Leoni, M, Burroughs, A, Marshall, E, Tyrer, D, Lombard, M, Patanwala, I, Dali-Kemmery, L, Lambourne, V, Maltby, J, Vyas, S, Colley, J, Shinder, B, Singhal, S, Jones, J, Mills, M, Gleeson, D, Carnahan, M, Butterworth, J, Boulton, K, Taylor, N, George, K, Harding, T, Tregonning, J, Douglass, A, Brown, C, Clifford, G, Panter, S, Gocher, D, Shearman, J, Bray, G, Hamilton, M, Butcher, G, Forton, D, Mclindon, J, Curtis, J, Shewan, T, Cowan, M, Whatley, G, Nasseri, M, Grover, B, Sivaramakrishnan, N, Ducker, S, Houghton, K, Griffiths, L, Tripoli, S, Pitcher, M, Shpuza, E, White, N, Ghosh, D, Douds, A, Green, M, Brookes, M, Cumlat, L, Wong, V, Warner, K, Netherton, K, Mandal, A, Jain, S, Gupta, H, Sanghi, P, Pereira, S, Gunson, B, Lim, R, Gallagher, S, Clement, D, Brind, A, Watts, G, Mupudzi, M, Wright, M, Gitahi, J, Gordon, F, Unitt, E, Pateman, H, Batham, S, Delahooke, T, Grant, A, Conder, J, Higham, A, Cox, M, O'Donohoe, L, Currie, L, King, A, Oblak, M, Collins, C, Whalley, S, Quinn, M, Baird, Y, Amey, I, Fraser, J, Li, A, Cotterill, D, Bell, A, Singhal, A, Gee, I, Greer, S, Ang, Y, Ransford, R, Allison, J, Gotto, J, Dyer, S, Sweeting, H, Millson, C, Labbadia, G, Bragazzi, M, Andreone, P, Azzaroli, F, Galli, A, Tarocchi, M, Gasbarrini, A, Grieco, A, Marrone, G, Valenti, L, Maroni, L, Rigamonti, C, Picciotto, A, Carbone, Marco, Nardi, Alessandra, Flack, Steve, Carpino, Guido, Varvaropoulou, Nikoletta, Gavrila, Caius, Spicer, Ann, Badrock, Jonathan, Bernuzzi, Francesca, Cardinale, Vincenzo, Ainsworth, Holly F, Heneghan, Michael A, Thorburn, Douglas, Bathgate, Andrew, Jones, Rebecca, Neuberger, James M, Battezzati, Pier Maria, Zuin, Massimo, Taylor-Robinson, Simon, Donato, Maria F, Kirby, John, Mitchell-Thain, Robert, Floreani, Annarosa, Sampaziotis, Fotios, Muratori, Luigi, Alvaro, Domenico, Marzioni, Marco, Miele, Luca, Marra, Fabio, Giannini, Edoardo, Gaudio, Eugenio, Ronca, Vincenzo, Bonato, Giulia, Cristoferi, Laura, Malinverno, Federica, Gerussi, Alessio, Stocken, Deborah D, Cordell, Heather J, Hirschfield, Gideon M, Alexander, Graeme J, Sandford, Richard N, Jones, David E, Invernizzi, Pietro, Mells, George F, Thomas, Caradog, Rahman, Meshbah, Yapp, Tom, Lye Ch'ng, Chin, Harrison, Melanie, Sturgess, Richard, Galaska, Roman, Healey, Chris, Whiteman, Jessica, Czaijkowski, Marek, Gray, Catherine, Gunasekera, Anton, Gyawli, Pranab, Premchand, Purushothaman, Mann, Steven, Elliott, Keith, Kapur, Kapil, Watson, Alan, Foster, Graham, Trembling, Paul, Subhani, Javaid, Harvey, Rory, McCorry, Roger, Adgey, Carolyn, Hobson, Lucie, Mulvaney-Jones, Caroline, Evans, Richard, Mathialahan, Thiriloganathan, Ramanaden, David, Gasem, Jaber, Van Duyvenvoorde, Greta, Shorrock, Christopher, Seward, Katie, Southern, Paul, Tibble, Jeremy, Penn, Ruth, Gorard, David, Maiden, Jane, Damant, Rose, Palegwala, Altaf, Jones, Susan, Alexander, Graeme, Mells, George, Sandford, Richard, Dolwani, Sunil, Prince, Martin, Silvestre, Valeria, Foxton, Matthew, Dungca, Eleanor, Mitchison, Harriet, Wheatley, Natalie, Gooding, Ian, Doyle, Helen, Karmo, Mazn, Kent, Melanie, Saksena, Sushma, Braim, Delyth, Patel, Minesh, Lord, Susan, Ede, Roland, Paton, Alison, Austin, Andrew, Lancaster, Nicola, Sayer, Joanna, Gibbins, Andrew, Hogben, Karen, Hovell, Chris, Fisher, Neil, Carter, Martyn, Koss, Konrad, Musselwhite, Janine, Muscariu, Florin, Piotreowicz, Andrzej, McKay, Alexandra, Grimley, Charles, Neal, David, Ting Tan, Lai, Lim, Guan, Brighton, Jacqueline, Foale, Carole, Ala, Aftab, Saeed, Athar, Flahive, Kerry, Wood, Gordon, Townshend, Paula, Ford, Chris, Brown, Jonathan, Kordula, Jean, Bowles, Jane, Wilkinson, Mark, Palmer, Caroline, Ramage, John, Gordon, Harriet, Featherstone, James, Ridpath, Jo, Ngatchu, Theodore, Levi, Sass, Shaukat, Syed, Sadeghian, Joy, Shidrawi, Ray, Williams, Bronwen, Abouda, George, Jones, Sarah, Duggan, Claire, Hynes, Abigail, Narain, Mark, Rees, Ian, Salam, Imroz, Crossey, Mary, Brown, Ashley, MacNicol, Carolyn, Williams, Simon, Wilhelmsen, Elva, Banim, Paul, Raymode, Parizade, Chilton, Andrew, Das, Debasish, Lee, Hye-Jeong, Curtis, Howard, Heneghan, Michael, Gess, Markus, Durant, Emma, Drake, I. M., Bishop, Rebecca, Davies, Mervyn, Aldersley, Mark, Ncube, Noma, McNair, Alistair, Srirajaskanthan, Raj, Sen, Sambit, Casey, Rebecca, Bird, George, Mendall, Mike, Cowley, Caroline, Barnardo, Adrian, Kitchen, Paul, Yoong, Kevin, Amore, Kelly, Sirdefield, Dawn, Orpe, Jacky, Mathew, Ray, MacFaul, George, Wrigth, Aruna, Shah, Amir, Evans, Chris, Keggans, Janie, Bird, Bridget, Baxter, Gwen, Saha, Subrata, Pollock, Katharine, Hughes, Maggie, Bramley, Peter, Grieve, Emma, Young, Karin, Fraser, Andrew, Mukhopadhya, Ashis, Ocker, Kate, Mills, Peter, Hines, Francis, Shallcross, Chris, Wilkins, Joy, Grellier, Leonie, Campbell, Stewart, Martin, Kirsty, Innes, Caron, Shepherd, Alan, Rushbrook, Simon, Valliani, Talal, Przemioslo, Robert, Fairlamb, Helen, Macdonald, Chris, Eastick, Anne, Metcalf, Jane, Tanqueray, Elizabeth, Shmueli, Udi, Holbrook, Becky, Davis, Andrew, Browning, Julie, Naqvi, Asifabbas, Walker, Kirsten, Lee, Tom, Verheyden, Juliette, Slininger, Susan, Ryder, Stephen D, Chapman, Roger, Collier, Jane, O'Donnell, Denise, Stafford, Lizzie, Williamson, Kate, Kent, Linda, Klass, Howard, Ninkovic, Mary, March, Linda, Cramp, Matthew, Simpson, Diane, Dickson, Christine, Sharer, Nicholas, Hayes, Maria, Goggin, Patrick, Quinne, Mary, Pearson, Sallyanne, Hoeroldt, Barbara, Jones, Linda, Wright, Alice, Booth, Jonathan, Loftus, Alison, Lipscomb, George, Dewhurst, Hannah, Gunter, Emma, Williams, Earl, Fouracres, Anna, Farrington, Liz, Graves, Lyn, Hussaini, Hyder, Stableforth, Bill, Marriott, Suzie, Ayres, Reuben, Leoni, Marina, Burroughs, Andrew, Marshall, Eileen, Tyrer, David, Martin, Kate, Lombard, Martin, Patanwala, Imran, Dali-Kemmery, Lola, Lambourne, Victoria, Maltby, Julia, Vyas, Samir, Colley, Julie, Shinder, Bal, Singhal, Saket, Jones, Jayne, Mills, Marisa, Gleeson, Dermot, Carnahan, Mandy, Butterworth, Jeff, Boulton, Kerenza, Taylor, Natalie, George, Keith, Harding, Tim, Tregonning, Julie, Douglass, Andrew, Brown, Carly, Clifford, Gayle, Panter, Simon, Gocher, Denise, Shearman, Jeremy, Bray, Gary, Hamilton, Maria, Butcher, Graham, Forton, Daniel, Mclindon, John, Curtis, Janette, Das, Debashis, Shewan, Tracey, Cowan, Matthew, Whatley, Gregory, Nasseri, Mariam, Grover, Bob, Sivaramakrishnan, Nurani, Ducker, Samantha, Houghton, Kathryn, Jones, David, Griffiths, Laura, Tripoli, Sherill, Pitcher, Maxton, Shpuza, Ervin, White, Nikki, Ghosh, Deb, Douds, Andrew, Green, Marie, Brookes, Matthew, Cumlat, Lourdes, Wong, Voi Shim, Warner, Karen, Netherton, Kimberley, Mandal, Adtya, Jain, Snjiv, Gupta, Hemant, Sanghi, Pradeep, Pereira, Steve, Neuberger, James, Gunson, Bridget, Hirschfield, Gideon, Lim, Reina Teegan, Gallagher, Susan, Clement, Darren, Brind, Alison, Watts, Gill, Mupudzi, Mcdonald, Wright, Mark, Gitahi, Jane, Gordon, Fiona, Gocher, Denis, Unitt, Esther, Pateman, Hilary, Batham, Sally, Delahooke, Toby, Grant, Allister, Conder, Jill, Higham, Andrew, Cox, Mark, O'Donohoe, Lynn, Currie, Lynn, King, Alistair, Oblak, Metod, Collins, Carole, Whalley, Simon, Quinn, Marie, Baird, Yolanda, Amey, Isobel, Fraser, Jocelyn, Li, Andy, Cotterill, Donna, Bell, Andrew, Singhal, Amit, Gee, Ian, Greer, Sandra, Ang, Yeng, Ransford, Rupert, Allison, Joanna, Gotto, James, Dyer, Simon, Sweeting, Helen, Millson, Charles, Labbadia, Giancarlo, Bragazzi, Maria Consiglia, Andreone, Pietro, Azzaroli, Francesco, Galli, Andrea, Tarocchi, Mirko, Gasbarrini, Antonio, GRIECO, ANTONIO, Marrone, Giuseppe, Donato, Maria Francesca, Valenti, Luca, Maroni, Luca, Rigamonti, Cristina, and Picciotto, Antonino
Abstract: Background: Treatment guidelines recommend a stepwise approach to primary biliary cholangitis: all patients begin treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) monotherapy and those with an inadequate biochemical response after 12 months are subsequently considered for second-line therapies. However, as a result, patients at the highest risk can wait the longest for effective treatment. We determined whether UDCA response can be accurately predicted using pretreatment clinical parameters. Methods: We did logistic regression analysis of pretreatment variables in a discovery cohort of patients in the UK with primary biliary cholangitis to derive the best-fitting model of UDCA response, defined as alkaline phosphatase less than 1·67 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), measured after 12 months of treatment with UDCA. We validated the model in an external cohort of patients with primary biliary cholangitis and treated with UDCA in Italy. Additionally, we assessed correlations between model predictions and key histological features, such as biliary injury and fibrosis, on liver biopsy samples. Findings: 2703 participants diagnosed with primary biliary cholangitis between Jan 1, 1998, and May 31, 2015, were included in the UK-PBC cohort for derivation of the model. The following pretreatment parameters were associated with lower probability of UDCA response: higher alkaline phosphatase concentration (p<0·0001), higher total bilirubin concentration (p=0·0003), lower aminotransferase concentration (p=0·0012), younger age (p<0·0001), longer interval from diagnosis to the start of UDCA treatment (treatment time lag, p<0·0001), and worsening of alkaline phosphatase concentration from diagnosis (p<0·0001). Based on these variables, we derived a predictive score of UDCA response. In the external validation cohort, 460 patients diagnosed with primary biliary cholangitis were treated with UDCA, with follow-up data until May 31, 2016. In this validation cohort, the area under the re
Published: 2018

6. Pre-treatment risk stratification in primary biliary cholangitis: A predictive model to guide first-line combination therapy

Author: Carbone, M, Nardi, A, Carpino, G, Cardinale, V, Ainsworth, H, Heneghan, M, Thorburn, D, Bathgate, A, Jones, R, Neuberger, J, Battezzati, P, Zuin, M, Taylor-Robinson, S, Donato, M, Kirby, J, Mitchell-Thain, R, Floreani, A, Sampaziotis, F, Muratori, L, Alvaro, D, Marzioni, M, Miele, L, Marra, F, Giannini, E, Gaudio, E, Ronca, V, Bonato, G, Cristoferi, L, Malinverno, F, Gerussi, A, Cordell, H, Hirschfield, G, Stocken, D, Alexander, G, Sandford, R, Jones, D, Invernizzi, P, Mells, G, Neuberger, JM, Battezzati, PM, Cordell, HJ, Hirschfield, GM, Alexander, GJ, Sandford, RN, Jones, DE, Mells, GF, Carbone, M, Nardi, A, Carpino, G, Cardinale, V, Ainsworth, H, Heneghan, M, Thorburn, D, Bathgate, A, Jones, R, Neuberger, J, Battezzati, P, Zuin, M, Taylor-Robinson, S, Donato, M, Kirby, J, Mitchell-Thain, R, Floreani, A, Sampaziotis, F, Muratori, L, Alvaro, D, Marzioni, M, Miele, L, Marra, F, Giannini, E, Gaudio, E, Ronca, V, Bonato, G, Cristoferi, L, Malinverno, F, Gerussi, A, Cordell, H, Hirschfield, G, Stocken, D, Alexander, G, Sandford, R, Jones, D, Invernizzi, P, Mells, G, Neuberger, JM, Battezzati, PM, Cordell, HJ, Hirschfield, GM, Alexander, GJ, Sandford, RN, Jones, DE, and Mells, GF
Published: 2018

7. Transancestral mapping and genetic load in systemic lupus erythematosus

Author: Langefeld, C. D., Ainsworth, H. C., Kelly, J. A., Comeau, M. E., Marion, M. C., Howard, T. D., Ramos, P. S., Croker, J. A., Morris, D. L., Sandling, J. K., Almlöf, J. C., Pons-Estel, Bernardo A., Pope, Janet, Raj, Prithvi, Ramsey-Goldman, Rosalind, Reveille, John D., Russell, Laurie P., Sabio, José Mario, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Scherbarth, Hugo R., Scorza, Raffaella, Seldin, Michael F., Sjowall, Christopher, Svenungsson, Elisabet, Thompson, Susan D., Toloza, Sergio M. A., Truedsson, Lennart, Tusie-Luna, Teresa, Vasconcelos, C., Vilá, Luis M., Wallace, Daniel J., Weisman, Michael H., Wither, Joan E., Bhangale, Tushar, Oksenberg, Jorge R., Rioux, John D., Gregersen, Peter K., Syvanen, Ann-Christine, Ronnblom, Lars, Criswell, Lindsey A., Jacob, Chaim O., Sivils, Kathy L., Tsao, Betty P., Schanberg, Laura E., Behrens, Timothy W., Silverman, Earl D., Alarcón-Riquelme, M. E., Kimberly, Robert P., Harley, John B., Wakeland, Edward K., Graham, Robert R., Gaffney, P. M., Vyse, Timothy J., Acevedo-Vásquez, E. M., Alarcón, G. S., Babini, A. M., Baca, V., Bengtsson, A. A., Berbotto, G. A., Bij, l. M., Brown, E. E., Brunner, H.I., Cardiel, Mario H., Catoggio, Luis, Cervera, Ricard, Cucho-Venegas, Jorge M., Dahlqvist, Solbritt Rantapaa, D'Alfonso, Sandra, Da Silva, Berta Martins, de la Rua Figueroa, Inigo, Doria, Andrea, Edberg, Jeffrey C., Endreffy, Emoke, Esquivel-Valerio, Jorge A., Fortin, Paul R., Freedman, Barry I., Frostegård, Johan, García, Mercedes A., García de la Torre, Ignacio, Gilkeson, G. S., Gladman, Dafna D., Gunnarsson, Iva, Guthridge, Joel M., Huggins, Jennifer L., James, Judith A., Kallenberg, Cees G. M., Kamen, D. L., Karp, David R., Kaufman, Kenneth M, Kottyan, Leah C., Kovacs, Laszlo, Laustrup, Helle, Lauwerys, Bernard R., Li, Quan-Zhen, Maradiaga-Cecena, Marco A., Martín, J., McCune, Joseph M., McWilliams, David R, Merrill, Joan T, Miranda, Pedro, Moctezuma, Jose F., Nath, Swapan K., Niewold, Timothy B., Orozco, Lorena, Ortego-Centeno, N., Petri, Michelle, Pineau, Christian A., National Institute for Health Research (UK), Arthritis Research UK, Alliance for Lupus Research, Junta de Andalucía, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (US), National Institutes of Health (US), RILITE Foundation, and Genentech Foundation
Subjects: skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with marked gender and ethnic disparities. We report a large transancestral association study of SLE using Immunochip genotype data from 27,574 individuals of European (EA), African (AA) and Hispanic Amerindian (HA) ancestry. We identify 58 distinct non-HLA regions in EA, 9 in AA and 16 in HA (similar to 50% of these regions have multiple independent associations); these include 24 novel SLE regions (P < 5 x 10(-8)), refined association signals in established regions, extended associations to additional ancestries, and a disentangled complex HLA multigenic effect. The risk allele count (genetic load) exhibits an accelerating pattern of SLE risk, leading us to posit a cumulative hit hypothesis for autoimmune disease. Comparing results across the three ancestries identifies both ancestry-dependent and ancestry-independent contributions to SLE risk. Our results are consistent with the unique and complex histories of the populations sampled, and collectively help clarify the genetic architecture and ethnic disparities in SLE., We gratefully acknowledge the Alliance for Lupus Research for funding and support. The research was supported in part by awards from the Arthritis Research UK Special Strategic Award (ref. 19289) and from George Koukis (T.J.V.). In addition, the research was funded/supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London (T.J.V.). The work would not be possible without funding from the NIH grants AR049084 (RPK, EEB); the International Consortium on the Genetics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLEGEN) AI083194 (J.B.H.); CA141700, AR058621 Proyecto de Excelencia, Consejeria de Andalucia (M.E.A.R.); AR043814 and AR-065626 (B.P.T.); AR060366, MD007909, AI107176 (S.K.N.); AR-057172 (C.O.J.); RC2 AR058959, U19 A1082714, R01 AR063124, P30 GM110766, R01 AR056360 (P.M.G.); P60 AR053308 (L.A.C.), MUSC part is from UL1RR029882 (G.S.G., D.L.K.) and 5P60AR062755 (G.S.G., D.L.K., P.R.R.). Oklahoma Samples U19AI082714, U01AI101934, P30GM103510, U54GM104938 and P30AR053483 (J.A.J., J.M.G.); Northwestern P60 AR066464 and 1U54TR001018 (R.R.G.); This study was supported by the US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Numbers K01 AR067280 and P60 AR062755 (PSR); N01AR22265 (funded collection of APPLE samples) (LES) and the APPLE Investigators; R01AR43727, NIH AR 043727 and 069572 (M.P.); NIAMS/NIH P50-AR055503 (D.R.K.). We would like to also thank the RILITE foundation for financial support (C.D.L.). Additional funding for Immunochip genotyping was provided by Genentech.
Published: 2017

8. Fine-mapping the MHC locus in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) reveals genetic heterogeneity corresponding to distinct adult inflammatory arthritic diseases

Author: Hinks, Anne, Bowes, John, Cobb, Joanna, Ainsworth, H. C., Marion, M. C., Comeau, M. E., Han, B., Becker, M. L., Bohnsack, J. F., de Bakker, P. I. W., Haas, J. P., Hazen, M., Lovell, D. J., Nigrovic, P. A., Nordal, E., Punnaro, M., Rosenberg, A. M., Rygg, M., Smith, Samantha, Wise, C. A., Videm, V., Wedderburn, L. R., Yarwood, Annie, Yeung, R. S. M., Prahalad, S., Langefeld, C. D., Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Thompson, S. D., and Thomson, Wendy
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), Autoimmune disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Gene polymorphism, genetic structures, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract: Objectives:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising seven categories. Genetic data could potentially be used to help redefine JIA categories and improve the current classification system. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region is strongly associated with JIA. Fine-mapping of the region was performed to look for similarities and differences in HLA associations between the JIA categories and define correspondences with adult inflammatory arthritides. Methods:Dense genotype data from the HLA region, from the Immunochip array for 5,043 JIA cases and 14,390 controls, was used to impute SNPs, HLA classical alleles and amino acids. Bivariate analysis was performed to investigate genetic correlation between the JIA categories. Conditional analysis was used to identify additional effects within the region. Comparison of the findings with those in adult inflammatory arthritic diseases was performed.ResultsWe identified category-specific associations and have demonstrated for the first time that rheumatoid factor negative polyarticular JIA and oligoarticular JIA are genetically similar in their HLA associations. We also observe that each JIA category potentially has an adult counterpart. The RF-positive polyarthritis association at HLA-DRB1 amino acid at position 13 mirrors the association in adult seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interestingly, the combined oligoarthritis and RF-negative polyarthritis dataset shares the same association with adult seronegative RA. ConclusionsThe findings suggest the value of using genetic data in helping to classify the categories of this heterogeneous disease. Mapping JIA categories to adult counterparts could enable shared knowledge of disease pathogenesis and etiology and facilitate transition from paediatric to adult services.
Published: 2017

9. Pre-treatment risk stratification in primary biliary cholangitis: a predictive model to guide first-line combination therapy

Author: Carbone, M., primary, Nardi, A., additional, Carpino, G., additional, Heneghan, M., additional, Thorburn, D., additional, Taylor-Robinson, S., additional, Bathgate, A., additional, Zuin, M., additional, Battezzati, P.M., additional, Floreani, A., additional, Giannini, E.G., additional, Donato, M.F., additional, Marzioni, M., additional, Alvaro, D., additional, Miele, L., additional, Marra, F., additional, Ainsworth, H., additional, Muratori, L., additional, Bonato, G., additional, Ronca, V., additional, Cristoferi, L., additional, Stocken, D., additional, Cardinale, V., additional, Hirschfield, G., additional, Alexander, G.J.M., additional, Sandford, R., additional, Jones, D., additional, Invernizzi, P., additional, and Mells, G., additional
Published: 2018
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10. Transancestral mapping and genetic load in systemic lupus erythematosus

Author: National Institute for Health Research (UK), Arthritis Research UK, Alliance for Lupus Research, Junta de Andalucía, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (US), National Institutes of Health (US), RILITE Foundation, Genentech Foundation, Langefeld, C. D., Ainsworth, H. C., Kelly, J. A., Comeau, M. E., Marion, M. C., Howard, T. D., Ramos, P. S., Croker, J. A., Morris, D. L., Sandling, J. K., Almlöf, J. C., Pons-Estel, Bernardo A., Pope, Janet, Raj, Prithvi, Ramsey-Goldman, Rosalind, Reveille, John D., Russell, Laurie P., Sabio, José Mario, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Scherbarth, Hugo R., Scorza, Raffaella, Seldin, Michael F., Sjowall, Christopher, Svenungsson, Elisabet, Thompson, Susan D., Toloza, Sergio M. A., Truedsson, Lennart, Tusie-Luna, Teresa, Vasconcelos, C., Vilá, Luis M., Wallace, Daniel J., Weisman, Michael H., Wither, Joan E., Bhangale, Tushar, Oksenberg, Jorge R., Rioux, John D., Gregersen, Peter K., Syvanen, Ann-Christine, Ronnblom, Lars, Criswell, Lindsey A., Jacob, Chaim O., Sivils, Kathy L., Tsao, Betty P., Schanberg, Laura E., Behrens, Timothy W., Silverman, Earl D., Alarcón-Riquelme, M. E., Kimberly, Robert P., Harley, John B., Wakeland, Edward K., Graham, Robert R., Gaffney, P. M., Vyse, Timothy J., Acevedo-Vásquez, E. M., Alarcón, G. S., Babini, A. M., Baca, V., Bengtsson, A. A., Berbotto, G. A., Bij, l. M., Brown, E. E., Brunner, H.I., Cardiel, Mario H., Catoggio, Luis, Cervera, Ricard, Cucho-Venegas, Jorge M., Dahlqvist, Solbritt Rantapaa, D'Alfonso, Sandra, Da Silva, Berta Martins, de la Rua Figueroa, Inigo, Doria, Andrea, Edberg, Jeffrey C., Endreffy, Emoke, Esquivel-Valerio, Jorge A., Fortin, Paul R., Freedman, Barry I., Frostegård, Johan, García, Mercedes A., García de la Torre, Ignacio, Gilkeson, G. S., Gladman, Dafna D., Gunnarsson, Iva, Guthridge, Joel M., Huggins, Jennifer L., James, Judith A., Kallenberg, Cees G. M., Kamen, D. L., Karp, David R., Kaufman, Kenneth M, Kottyan, Leah C., Kovacs, Laszlo, Laustrup, Helle, Lauwerys, Bernard R., Li, Quan-Zhen, Maradiaga-Cecena, Marco A., Martín, J., McCune, Joseph M., McWilliams, David R, Merrill, Joan T, Miranda, Pedro, Moctezuma, Jose F., Nath, Swapan K., Niewold, Timothy B., Orozco, Lorena, Ortego-Centeno, N., Petri, Michelle, Pineau, Christian A., National Institute for Health Research (UK), Arthritis Research UK, Alliance for Lupus Research, Junta de Andalucía, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (US), National Institutes of Health (US), RILITE Foundation, Genentech Foundation, Langefeld, C. D., Ainsworth, H. C., Kelly, J. A., Comeau, M. E., Marion, M. C., Howard, T. D., Ramos, P. S., Croker, J. A., Morris, D. L., Sandling, J. K., Almlöf, J. C., Pons-Estel, Bernardo A., Pope, Janet, Raj, Prithvi, Ramsey-Goldman, Rosalind, Reveille, John D., Russell, Laurie P., Sabio, José Mario, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Scherbarth, Hugo R., Scorza, Raffaella, Seldin, Michael F., Sjowall, Christopher, Svenungsson, Elisabet, Thompson, Susan D., Toloza, Sergio M. A., Truedsson, Lennart, Tusie-Luna, Teresa, Vasconcelos, C., Vilá, Luis M., Wallace, Daniel J., Weisman, Michael H., Wither, Joan E., Bhangale, Tushar, Oksenberg, Jorge R., Rioux, John D., Gregersen, Peter K., Syvanen, Ann-Christine, Ronnblom, Lars, Criswell, Lindsey A., Jacob, Chaim O., Sivils, Kathy L., Tsao, Betty P., Schanberg, Laura E., Behrens, Timothy W., Silverman, Earl D., Alarcón-Riquelme, M. E., Kimberly, Robert P., Harley, John B., Wakeland, Edward K., Graham, Robert R., Gaffney, P. M., Vyse, Timothy J., Acevedo-Vásquez, E. M., Alarcón, G. S., Babini, A. M., Baca, V., Bengtsson, A. A., Berbotto, G. A., Bij, l. M., Brown, E. E., Brunner, H.I., Cardiel, Mario H., Catoggio, Luis, Cervera, Ricard, Cucho-Venegas, Jorge M., Dahlqvist, Solbritt Rantapaa, D'Alfonso, Sandra, Da Silva, Berta Martins, de la Rua Figueroa, Inigo, Doria, Andrea, Edberg, Jeffrey C., Endreffy, Emoke, Esquivel-Valerio, Jorge A., Fortin, Paul R., Freedman, Barry I., Frostegård, Johan, García, Mercedes A., García de la Torre, Ignacio, Gilkeson, G. S., Gladman, Dafna D., Gunnarsson, Iva, Guthridge, Joel M., Huggins, Jennifer L., James, Judith A., Kallenberg, Cees G. M., Kamen, D. L., Karp, David R., Kaufman, Kenneth M, Kottyan, Leah C., Kovacs, Laszlo, Laustrup, Helle, Lauwerys, Bernard R., Li, Quan-Zhen, Maradiaga-Cecena, Marco A., Martín, J., McCune, Joseph M., McWilliams, David R, Merrill, Joan T, Miranda, Pedro, Moctezuma, Jose F., Nath, Swapan K., Niewold, Timothy B., Orozco, Lorena, Ortego-Centeno, N., Petri, Michelle, and Pineau, Christian A.
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with marked gender and ethnic disparities. We report a large transancestral association study of SLE using Immunochip genotype data from 27,574 individuals of European (EA), African (AA) and Hispanic Amerindian (HA) ancestry. We identify 58 distinct non-HLA regions in EA, 9 in AA and 16 in HA (similar to 50% of these regions have multiple independent associations); these include 24 novel SLE regions (P < 5 x 10(-8)), refined association signals in established regions, extended associations to additional ancestries, and a disentangled complex HLA multigenic effect. The risk allele count (genetic load) exhibits an accelerating pattern of SLE risk, leading us to posit a cumulative hit hypothesis for autoimmune disease. Comparing results across the three ancestries identifies both ancestry-dependent and ancestry-independent contributions to SLE risk. Our results are consistent with the unique and complex histories of the populations sampled, and collectively help clarify the genetic architecture and ethnic disparities in SLE.
Published: 2017

11. Fine-mapping the MHC locus in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) reveals genetic heterogeneity corresponding to distinct adult inflammatory arthritic diseases

Author: Hinks, A, Bowes, J, Cobb, J, Ainsworth, H C, Marion, M C, Comeau, M E, Sudman, M, Han, B, Becker, M L, Bohnsack, J F, de Bakker, P I W, Haas, J P, Hazen, M, Lovell, D J, Nigrovic, P A, Nordal, E, Punnaro, M, Rosenberg, A M, Rygg, M, Smith, S L, Wise, C A, Videm, V, Wedderburn, L R, Yarwood, A, Yeung, R S M, Prahalad, S, Langefeld, C D, Raychaudhuri, S, Thompson, S D, and Thomson, W
Subjects: Adult, musculoskeletal diseases, Genotype, genetic structures, Rheumatoid Arthritis, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Rheumatology: 759, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Arthritis, Juvenile, Autoimmune Diseases, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Major Histocompatibility Complex, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Reumatologi: 759, Gene Polymorphism, HLA Antigens, Rheumatoid Factor, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Amino Acids, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Child, skin and connective tissue diseases, Basic and Translational Research, Alleles, HLA-DRB1 Chains
Abstract: Objectives Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising seven categories. Genetic data could potentially be used to help redefine JIA categories and improve the current classification system. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region is strongly associated with JIA. Fine-mapping of the region was performed to look for similarities and differences in HLA associations between the JIA categories and define correspondences with adult inflammatory arthritides. Methods Dense genotype data from the HLA region, from the Immunochip array for 5043 JIA cases and 14 390 controls, were used to impute single-nucleotide polymorphisms, HLA classical alleles and amino acids. Bivariate analysis was performed to investigate genetic correlation between the JIA categories. Conditional analysis was used to identify additional effects within the region. Comparison of the findings with those in adult inflammatory arthritic diseases was performed. Results We identified category-specific associations and have demonstrated for the first time that rheumatoid factor (RF)-negative polyarticular JIA and oligoarticular JIA are genetically similar in their HLA associations. We also observe that each JIA category potentially has an adult counterpart. The RF-positive polyarthritis association at HLA-DRB1 amino acid at position 13 mirrors the association in adult seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interestingly, the combined oligoarthritis and RF-negative polyarthritis dataset shares the same association with adult seronegative RA. Conclusions The findings suggest the value of using genetic data in helping to classify the categories of this heterogeneous disease. Mapping JIA categories to adult counterparts could enable shared knowledge of disease pathogenesis and aetiology and facilitate transition from paediatric to adult services. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Published: 2016

12. Dynamic risk prediction in Primary Biliary Cholangitis using the UK-PBC cohort

Author: Carbone, M., primary, Nardi, A., additional, Ainsworth, H., additional, Heneghan, M.A., additional, Hirschfield, G.M., additional, Thorburn, D., additional, Bathgate, A., additional, Aldersley, M., additional, Neuberger, J.M., additional, Stocken, D., additional, Cordell, H.J., additional, Alexander, G.J., additional, Sandford, R.N., additional, Jones, D.E., additional, and Mells, G.F., additional
Published: 2017
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13. Muslim communities learning about second-hand smoke:a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness analysis

Author: Shah, S, Ainsworth, H, Fairhurst, C, Tilbrook, H, Sheikh, A, Amos, A, Parrott, S, Torgerson, D, Thompson, H, King, R, Mir, G, and Siddiqi, K
Subjects: Adult, Male, Bangladesh, Adolescent, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Smoking, Emigrants and Immigrants, Pilot Projects, Health Promotion, Middle Aged, Islam, Article, United Kingdom, Young Adult, Humans, Female, Pakistan, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Cotinine, Saliva, Aged
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the United Kingdom, men of Bangladeshi and Pakistani origin have higher smoking rates than the general population. This makes non-smokers in their households more vulnerable to second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure than the general population.AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementing and pilot testing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a 'Smoke-free Homes' (SFH) intervention in Islamic religious settings to encourage families of Bangladeshi and Pakistani origin to apply smoking restrictions in their homes.METHODS: We allocated Islamic religious settings (clusters) to either receive SFH-an educational intervention-or to a control arm. Within each cluster, we recruited households with at least one smoker and one non-smoker. SHS exposure among non-smokers was measured using salivary cotinine.RESULTS: Seven (50%) clusters were randomised to each trial arm. A total of 468 households were assessed for eligibility and 62% (n=289) were eligible, of which 74% (n=213) agreed to participate in the trial. Six of the seven intervention clusters delivered the intervention, and all clusters were retained throughout the trial. In all, 81% (n=172) of households provided data at follow-up. No evidence of a difference in log cotinine level was observed (adjusted mean difference -0.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.28-1.23, P=0.97) between the two trial arms. The direct mean cost of delivering the intervention was £18.18 per household (range £3.55-42.20).CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to recruit, randomise and retain Islamic religious settings and participant households. However, some of the original assumptions, in particular our ability to collect primary outcome data, need to be revisited before a definitive trial.
Published: 2015

14. 947 The use of portable video media versus standard verbal communication in the urological consent process: A randomised controlled clinical trial

Author: Nalavenkata, S., primary, Winter, M., additional, Kam, J., additional, Hardy, E., additional, Handmer, M., additional, Ainsworth, H., additional, Lee, D., additional, and Louie-Johnsun, M., additional
Published: 2016
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15. THU-218 - Pre-treatment risk stratification in primary biliary cholangitis: a predictive model to guide first-line combination therapy

Author: Carbone, M., Nardi, A., Carpino, G., Heneghan, M., Thorburn, D., Taylor-Robinson, S., Bathgate, A., Zuin, M., Battezzati, P.M., Floreani, A., Giannini, E.G., Donato, M.F., Marzioni, M., Alvaro, D., Miele, L., Marra, F., Ainsworth, H., Muratori, L., Bonato, G., Ronca, V., Cristoferi, L., Stocken, D., Cardinale, V., Hirschfield, G., Alexander, G.J.M., Sandford, R., Jones, D., Invernizzi, P., and Mells, G.
Published: 2018
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16. Pre-treatment risk stratification in primary biliary cholangitis: A predictive model to guide first-line combination therapy

Author: Carbone, M., Nardi, A., Carpino, G., Cardinale, V., Ainsworth, H., Heneghan, M., Thorburn, D., Bathgate, A., Jones, R., Neuberger, J.M., Battezzati, P.M., Zuin, M., Taylor-Robinson, S., Donato, M., Kirby, J., Mitchell-Thain, R., Floreani, A., Sampaziotis, F., Muratori, L., Alvaro, D., Marzioni, M., Miele, L., Marra, F., Giannini, E., Gaudio, E., Ronca, V., Bonato, G., Cristoferi, L., Malinverno, F., Gerussi, A., Cordell, H.J., Hirschfield, G.M., Stocken, D., Alexander, G.J., Sandford, R.N., Jones, D.E., Invernizzi, P., and Mells, G.F.
Published: 2018
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17. 'Pre-schoolers in the Playground' (PiP) - a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of a physical activity intervention for children aged 18 months to 4 years old

Author: Barber, S.E., Bingham, D.D., Akhtar, S., Jackson, C., Ainsworth, H., Hewitt, C., Richardson, G., Moore, H.J., Routen, A.C., O'Malley, C.L., Summerbell, C.D., Pickett, K.E., Brierley, S., and Wright, J.
Subjects: education
Abstract: Background and study aims: The pre-school years is a critical period for establishing healthy lifestyle behaviours such as physical activity (PA). There are many benefits of taking part in regular PA for pre-school children, e.g. maintaining a healthy weight. Tackling childhood obesity is a national public health priority. Although the rate of rise in childhood obesity is slowing, levels in England remain high in urban areas, in those from deprived backgrounds and in ethnic minority groups such as South Asians. Regular PA also has many other important health and social benefits for pre-school children; it is valuable for developing motor skills, enhancing bone and muscle development and for learning social skills. Despite the well-known health benefits of PA there are high levels of physical inactivity across the UK in all age groups, including the pre-school years. Only a few PA programmes for pre-school children have been tested to see how effective they are and the results of these studies are mixed. In a report published in July 2011 the UKs Chief Medical Officer highlighted that we need new programmes that promote movement in the early years (0-5 years old) in the UK. The ‘pre-schoolers in the playground’ (PiP) programme aims to increase PA levels in children aged 18 months – 4 years old. PiP will open up school playgrounds for pre-school siblings to use with their parent/carer. The “school run” occurs on every week day for 39 weeks a year, regardless of weather. Capitalising on this daily routine to provide a safe, organised, supervised area for pre-school children to enjoy active play outdoors may increase PA and over time, reduce adiposity. Additionally, involving parents in their community settings has the potential to bond them together and improve their well-being. Who can participate? Children aged 18 months to 4 years of age What does the study involve? Eight schools will be selected from locations across deprived areas of Bradford. Four of the schools will have mostly South Asian pupils and the 4 schools will have mostly Caucasian (white) pupils. Families will be invited to take part in the study, before the schools are randomly allocated to one of the two groups. Four schools will be allocated to the PiP programme and 4 to a group where the usual practice (the control). All participants taking part in the study will have to complete a questionnaire at the start of the study and at 10 weeks, 30 weeks and 52 weeks during the study Where is the study run from? Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - Born in Bradford Project What are the possible benefits and risks of participating? There may be no benefit to taking part in the trial; however parents will be given a £10 voucher towards play equipment following each completed measurement session. The disadvantages to taking part in the trial may include injuries to the child whilst engaging in play and for the adults participating, the time taken to complete the data collection. When is study starting and how long is it expected to run for? The PiP trial is expected to be completed two years from the start of the first wave in September 2012. The second wave of recruitment will take place in January 2013 and the third and final wave in April 2013. Who is funding the study? National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) - Public Health Research Programme Who is the main contact? Dr Sally Barber Sally.Barber@bthft.nhs.uk
Published: 2013
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18. OP0121 Analysis of the MHC Region in a Large Cohort of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cases Identifies Independent Effects at HLA-DRB1 for the Most Common Subtypes of JIA

Author: Hinks, A., primary, Cobb, J., additional, Bowes, J., additional, Han, B., additional, Ainsworth, H., additional, Marion, M., additional, Sudman, M., additional, Bohnsack, J., additional, Wedderburn, L.R., additional, Haas, J.-P., additional, Videm, V., additional, Rygg, M., additional, Nordal, E., additional, Brown, M.A., additional, Yeung, R.S., additional, de Bakker, P., additional, Raychaudhuri, S., additional, Prahalad, S., additional, Langefeld, C., additional, Thompson, S.D., additional, and Thomson, W., additional
Published: 2015
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19. Fine-mapping the MHC locus in juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) reveals genetic heterogeneity corresponding to distinct adult inflammatory arthritic diseases.

Author: Hinks, A., Bowes, J., Cobb, J., Ainsworth, H. C., Marion, M. C., Comeau, M. E., Sudman, M., Han, B., Becker, M. L., Bohnsack, J. F., de Bakker, P. I. W., Haas, J. P., Hazen, M., Lovell, D. J., Nigrovic, P. A., Nordal, E., Punnaro, M., Rosenberg, A. M., Rygg, M., and Smith, S. L.
Published: 2017
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20. Autism Spectrum Social Stories In Schools Trial (ASSSIST): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial analysing clinical and cost-effectiveness of Social Stories in mainstream schools

Author: Wright, B., primary, Marshall, D., additional, Collingridge Moore, D., additional, Ainsworth, H., additional, Hackney, L., additional, Adamson, J., additional, Ali, S., additional, Allgar, V., additional, Cook, L., additional, Dyson, L., additional, Littlewood, E., additional, Hargate, R., additional, McLaren, A., additional, McMillan, D., additional, Trepel, D., additional, Whitehead, J., additional, and Williams, C., additional
Published: 2014
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21. Every child counts: the independent evaluation

Author: Torgerson, C J, Wiggins, A, Torgerson, D J, Ainsworth, H, Barmby, H, Hewitt, C, Jones, K, Hendry, V, Askew, M, Bland, M, Coe, Robert, Higgins, Steve, Hulme, C, Tymms, P, Torgerson, C J, Wiggins, A, Torgerson, D J, Ainsworth, H, Barmby, H, Hewitt, C, Jones, K, Hendry, V, Askew, M, Bland, M, Coe, Robert, Higgins, Steve, Hulme, C, and Tymms, P
Published: 2011

22. Evaluating three models of school–university partnership at the University of York : learning lessons and planning for the future

Author: Hendry, V L, Ainsworth, H R, Torgerson, C J, Hendry, V L, Ainsworth, H R, and Torgerson, C J
Published: 2010

23. Demonstration ofOrnithobacterium rhinotrachealein pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) with pneumonia and airsacculitis

Author: Welchman, D. de B., primary, Ainsworth, H. L., additional, Jensen, T. K., additional, Boye, M., additional, King, S. A., additional, Koylass, M. S., additional, Whatmore, A. M., additional, Manvell, R. J., additional, Ayling, R. D., additional, and Dalton, J. R., additional
Published: 2013
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24. Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus septicaemia in goslings

Author: Barnett, J., Ainsworth, H., Boon, J.D., and Twomey, D.F.
Published: 2008
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25. Investigations into an outbreak of corvid respiratory disease associated withPasteurella multocida

Author: Strugnell, B. W., primary, Dagleish, M. P., additional, Bayne, C. W., additional, Brown, M., additional, Ainsworth, H. L., additional, Nicholas, R. A. J., additional, Wood, A., additional, and Hodgson, J. C., additional
Published: 2011
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26. Every Child Counts: The Independent Evaluation Executive Summary

Author: Torgerson, C. J., primary, Wiggins, A., additional, Torgerson, D. J., additional, Ainsworth, H., additional, Barmby, P., additional, Hewitt, C., additional, Jones, K., additional, Hendry, V., additional, Askew, M., additional, Bland, M., additional, Coe, R., additional, Higgins, S., additional, Hodgen, J., additional, Hulme, C., additional, and Tymms, P., additional
Published: 2011
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27. Fowl typhoid in caged layer birds

Author: Cobb, S. P., primary, McVicar, C. M., additional, Davies, R. H., additional, and Ainsworth, H., additional
Published: 2005
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28. Attaching and effacing Escherichia coli O103:K+:H− in red-legged partridges

Author: La Ragione, R. M., primary, Cooley, W. A., additional, Parmar, D. D. G., additional, and Ainsworth, H. L., additional
Published: 2004
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29. Detection of a coronavirus from turkey poults in Europe genetically related to infectious bronchitis virus of chickens

Author: Cavanagh, D., primary, Mawditt, K., additional, Sharma, M., additional, Drury, S. E., additional, Ainsworth, H. L., additional, Britton, P., additional, and Gough, R. E., additional
Published: 2001
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30. Pheasant ataxia: a new condition in pheasant poults

Author: de B. Welchman, D., primary, Ainsworth, H. L., additional, Pennycott, T. W., additional, MacKenzie, G., additional, and Wood, A. M., additional
Published: 2000
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31. Demonstration of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in pheasants ( Phasianus colchicus ) with pneumonia and airsacculitis.

Author: Welchman, D. de B., Ainsworth, H. L., Jensen, T. K., Boye, M., King, S. A., Koylass, M. S., Whatmore, A. M., Manvell, R. J., Ayling, R. D., and Dalton, J. R.
Subjects: *RING-necked pheasant, *PNEUMONIA in animals, *RESPIRATORY disease diagnosis, *GENOTYPE-environment interaction, *CORONAVIRUS diseases
Abstract: Outbreaks of respiratory disease were investigated in reared pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) aged approximately 18 to 32 weeks, released into the semi-wild on four shooting estates in southern England. The clinical signs in the affected birds included swelling of the face and eyes, loss of condition, gasping respirations and coughing. The gross pathology findings included sinusitis, airsacculitis, pleural oedema and lung lesions. The histopathological findings in the affected lungs were characterized by a granulomatous pneumonia.Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale(ORT) was isolated from respiratory tract tissues, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing on three isolates revealed two distinct genotypes, one previously associated with some electrophoretic type (ET) 1 strains and the other a novel genotype that clustered among sequences previously associated with ET 3, ET 4, ET 5 and ET 6 isolates. The localization of ORT within the lung tissue was demonstrated by fluorescentin-situhybridization in the bronchial exudate of three cases, although not within the granulomatous lesions themselves. In each case, ORT was identified as part of a complex of other respiratory agents including avian paramyxovirus type 2, avian coronavirus,Mycoplasma gallisepticum,Mycoplasma synoviaeand otherMycoplasmaspecies,Escherichia coli,Pasteurella multocida, other Pasteurellaceae andSyngamus trachea, suggesting synergism with other agents. Exposure to other intercurrent factors, including adverse weather conditions and internal parasitism, may also have exacerbated the severity of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Published: 2013
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32. Investigations into an outbreak of corvid respiratory disease associated with Pasteurella multocida.

Author: Strugnell, B. W., Dagleish, M. P., Bayne, C. W., Brown, M., Ainsworth, H. L., Nicholas, R. A. J., Wood, A., and Hodgson, J. C.
Subjects: PASTEURELLA multocida, CARRION crow, CORVUS frugilegus
Abstract: The possible cause of disease and mortality in corvids on an outdoor pig unit in the north of England between August 2007 and March 2008 was investigated. Nine carrion crows (Corvus corone corone) and nine rooks (Corvus frugilegus), comprising five live-caught birds with clinical signs of respiratory disease, one live-caught bird without respiratory disease, and 12 birds submitted dead were examined. Clinical signs, gross and histopathological examination, microbiology and toxicology indicated that Pasteurella multocida infection was the cause of disease. Molecular and serotyping analyses showed that P. multocida isolates (obtained from live-caught birds with clinical respiratory disease) were all capsular type F with a mix of somatic serotypes 3, 4 and 7. Immunohistochemistry increased the diagnostic sensitivity of the analysis and detected P. multocida within the pulmonary lesions of all affected live-caught birds and 10 of 12 birds found dead. These findings suggest that wild corvids in the UK can suffer from lung pathology associated with P. multocida and, as potential vectors of P. multocida, may pose a risk to domestic poultry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2011
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33. Numerical evaluation of facial pattern in children with isolated pulmonary stenosis.

Author: AINSWORTH, HOWARD, HUNT, JAMES, JOSEPH, MICHAEL, Ainsworth, H, Hunt, J, and Joseph, M
Abstract: A facial contouring technique, using light sectioning (Cobb, 1972), was modified (Ainsworth and Joseph, 1977) and used in a numerical study of children with isolated pulmonary stenosis (PS) to test the hypothesis that the facial pattern in this condition differs from the normal. Measurements were compared between a group of 20 normal children and a group of 20 children with PS between ages 6 and 10 1/2 years. A distinctive facial pattern emerged. Many anteroposterior measurements were much greater in the PS group, indicating that the tissues were more prominent in the maxillary region. Altogether, 29 measurements showed significant differences (P less than 0.05) between the two groups. Discriminant analyses were carried out to discover which, if any, might be used to predict the group to which an individual should belong. Depending on the variables chosen, between 34 and 37 individuals from the total of 40 were assigned to the correct group--PS or control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 1979

34. Congenital alymphoplasmacytic agammaglobulinemia with thymic dysplasia.

Author: Delta, B G, Rothenberg, A M, Ainsworth, H D, and Innella, F
Published: 1965

35. Pheasant ataxia: a new condition in pheasant poults

Author: B. Welchman, D., Ainsworth, H. L., Pennycott, T. W., MacKenzie, G., and Wood, A. M.
Abstract: Between 1995 and 1997 a neurological condition in pheasant poults from 24 sites in England and Scotland was investigated. Affected birds showed varying degrees of ataxia and incoordinated movements and, in severe cases, recumbency, but generally remained alert with their heads held upright. The condition characteristically affected poults from seven weeks of age and the incidence on any one site was low. No significant bacteria were isolated consistently from brain tissue. The condition was characterised histologically by a non‐suppurative meningoencephalitis, in which lesions were found predominantly in the cerebellum in 61 of 81 samples examined (75.3 per cent). A non‐suppurative myelitis was recorded in 16 of 20 spinal cords examined. No lesions were recorded in peripheral neural tissue and lesions were rare in other tissues. The condition appeared not to have been recorded previously in pheasants. A viral aetiology was suspected but Newcastle disease virus was not involved.
Published: 2000
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36. Preschoolers in the Playground: a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of a physical activity intervention for children aged 18 months to 4 years

Author: Se, Barber, Akhtar S, Jackson C, Dd, Bingham, Catherine Elizabeth Hewitt, Routen A, Richardson G, Ainsworth H, Hj, Moore, Cd, Summerbell, Ke, Pickett, O’Malley C, Brierley S, and Wright J

37. Electrochemical strengthening of clayey sandy soils

Author: Adamson, Lucas G., primary, Quigley, Donald W., additional, Ainsworth, H. Ross, additional, and Chilingar, George V., additional
Published: 1966
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38. Sarcoma botryoides of the common bile duct

Author: Delany, H.M., primary, Driscoll, P.J., additional, and Ainsworth, H., additional
Published: 1966
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39. Attaching and effacing Eschericha coli 0103:K+:H- in red-legged partridges.

Author: La Ragione, R. M., Cooley, W. A., Parmar, D. D. G., and Ainsworth, H. L.
Subjects: ESCHERICHIA coli, ESCHERICHIA coli diseases, RED-legged partridge, POULTRY industry, HISTOLOGY, EOSIN
Abstract: Describes the isolation of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli of serotype from a group of red-legged partridges. Impact of Escherichia coli infections with poultry industry; Response to treatment with dimetridazole and chloretetracycline; Histological examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of the intestine of birds.
Published: 2004
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40. How she says it and how he says it : differences in the intonation of dairy farming women and men in South Taranaki

Author: Ainsworth, Helen
Published: 2003

41. Syllable-timing and Maori English

Author: Holmes, Janet and Ainsworth, Helen
Published: 1996

42. The emergence of the high rising terminal contour in the speech of New Zealand children

Author: Ainsworth, Helen
Published: 1994

43. UNTITLED.

Author: ALLEN, A. S., STEARNS, C. C., BURT, G. P., and AINSWORTH, H. L.
Published: 1866

44. Genetic and Clinical Predictors of Age of ESKD in Individuals With Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease Due to UMOD Mutations

Author: Karl Lhotta, Peter J. Conlon, Daniel P. Gale, Victoria Robins, Miroslav Votruba, Kendrah Kidd, Céline Schaeffer, Dominik Steubl, Ying Maggie Chen, Catarina Silveira, Gianluca Caridi, Lauren Martin, Claudia Izzi, Antonio Amoroso, Eric Olinger, Jorge Reis Almeida, Stanislav Kmoch, Rita Raposeiro, Daniela Gianchino, Alena Vrbacká, Hannah C. Ainsworth, Martina Živná, Gian Marco Ghiggeri, Kateřina Hodaňová, Rosa J. Torres, Christine Gast, Joaquim Calado, Abbigail Taylor, Olivier Devuyst, Katherine A. Benson, Susan L. Murray, Cintia Fernandes de Souza, Eva Gombos, Emily Johnson, Francesco Scolari, Gianpiero L. Cavalleri, Petr Vylet'al, Jasmin Divers, Anthony J. Bleyer, Luca Rampoldi, Sofia C Jorge, Nelson Weller, UCL - SSS/IREC/NEFR - Pôle de Néphrologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de néphrologie, Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), Kidd, K, Vylet’Al, P, Schaeffer, C, Olinger, E, Živná, M, Hodaňová, K, Robins, V, Johnson, E, Taylor, A, Martin, L, Izzi, C, Jorge, Sc, Calado, J, Torres, Rj, Lhotta, K, Steubl, D, Gale, Dp, Gast, C, Gombos, E, Ainsworth, H, Chen, Ym, Almeida, Jr, Fernandes de Souza, C, Silveira, C, Raposeiro, R, Weller, N, Conlon, P, Murray, S, Benson, Ka, Cavalleri, G, Votruba, M, Vrbacká, A, Amoroso, A, Gianchino, D, Caridi, G, Ghiggeri, Gm, Divers, J, Scolari, F, Devuyst, O, Rampoldi, L, Kmoch, S, and Bleyer, A
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, autosomal dominant uromodulin kidney disease, Tamm–Horsfall protein, phenotype, uromodulin, genotype, Population, 030232 urology & nephrology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, lcsh:RC870-923, rs4293393, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Genotype, Mendelian randomization, medicine, Allele, education, Allele frequency, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, medicine.disease, lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, Minor allele frequency, Ophthalmology, Nephrology, biology.protein, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: Introduction: Autosomal dominant tubulo-interstitial kidney disease due to UMOD mutations (ADTKD-UMOD) is a rare condition associated with high variability in the age of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The minor allele of rs4293393, located in the promoter of the UMOD gene, is present in 19% of the population and downregulates uromodulin production by approximately 50% and might affect the age of ESKD. The goal of this study was to better understand the genetic and clinical characteristics of ADTKD-UMOD and to perform a Mendelian randomization study to determine if the minor allele of rs4293393 was associated with better kidney survival. Methods: An international group of collaborators collected clinical and genetic data on 722 affected individuals from 249 families with 125 mutations, including 28 new mutations. The median age of ESKD was 47 years. Men were at a much higher risk of progression to ESKD (hazard ratio 1.78, P < 0.001). Results: The allele frequency of the minor rs4293393 allele was only 11.6% versus the 19% expected (P < 0.01), resulting in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium and precluding a Mendelian randomization experiment. An in vitro score reflecting the severity of the trafficking defect of uromodulin mutants was found to be a promising predictor of the age of ESKD. Conclusion: We report the clinical characteristics associated with 125 UMOD mutations. Male gender and a new in vitro score predict age of ESKD. publishersversion published
Published: 2020

45. Pretreatment prediction of response to ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis: development and validation of the UDCA Response Score

Author: Marco Carbone, Alessandra Nardi, Steve Flack, Guido Carpino, Nikoletta Varvaropoulou, Caius Gavrila, Ann Spicer, Jonathan Badrock, Francesca Bernuzzi, Vincenzo Cardinale, Holly F Ainsworth, Michael A Heneghan, Douglas Thorburn, Andrew Bathgate, Rebecca Jones, James M Neuberger, Pier Maria Battezzati, Massimo Zuin, Simon Taylor-Robinson, Maria F Donato, John Kirby, Robert Mitchell-Thain, Annarosa Floreani, Fotios Sampaziotis, Luigi Muratori, Domenico Alvaro, Marco Marzioni, Luca Miele, Fabio Marra, Edoardo Giannini, Eugenio Gaudio, Vincenzo Ronca, Giulia Bonato, Laura Cristoferi, Federica Malinverno, Alessio Gerussi, Deborah D Stocken, Heather J Cordell, Gideon M Hirschfield, Graeme J Alexander, Richard N Sandford, David E Jones, Pietro Invernizzi, George F Mells, Caradog Thomas, Meshbah Rahman, Tom Yapp, Chin Lye Ch'ng, Melanie Harrison, Richard Sturgess, Roman Galaska, Chris Healey, Jessica Whiteman, Marek Czaijkowski, Catherine Gray, Anton Gunasekera, Pranab Gyawli, Purushothaman Premchand, Steven Mann, Keith Elliott, Kapil Kapur, Alan Watson, Graham Foster, Paul Trembling, Javaid Subhani, Rory Harvey, Roger McCorry, Carolyn Adgey, Lucie Hobson, Caroline Mulvaney-Jones, Richard Evans, Thiriloganathan Mathialahan, David Ramanaden, Jaber Gasem, Greta Van Duyvenvoorde, Christopher Shorrock, Katie Seward, Paul Southern, Jeremy Tibble, Ruth Penn, David Gorard, Jane Maiden, Rose Damant, Altaf Palegwala, Susan Jones, Graeme Alexander, George Mells, Richard Sandford, Sunil Dolwani, Martin Prince, Valeria Silvestre, Matthew Foxton, Eleanor Dungca, Harriet Mitchison, Natalie Wheatley, Ian Gooding, Helen Doyle, Mazn Karmo, Melanie Kent, Sushma Saksena, Delyth Braim, Minesh Patel, Susan Lord, Roland Ede, Alison Paton, Andrew Austin, Nicola Lancaster, Joanna Sayer, Andrew Gibbins, Karen Hogben, Chris Hovell, Neil Fisher, Martyn Carter, Konrad Koss, Janine Musselwhite, Florin Muscariu, Andrzej Piotreowicz, Alexandra McKay, Charles Grimley, David Neal, Lai Ting Tan, Guan Lim, Jacqueline Brighton, Carole Foale, Aftab Ala, Athar Saeed, Kerry Flahive, Gordon Wood, Paula Townshend, Chris Ford, Jonathan Brown, Jean Kordula, Jane Bowles, Mark Wilkinson, Caroline Palmer, John Ramage, Harriet Gordon, James Featherstone, Jo Ridpath, Theodore Ngatchu, Sass Levi, Syed Shaukat, Joy Sadeghian, Ray Shidrawi, Bronwen Williams, George Abouda, Sarah Jones, Claire Duggan, Abigail Hynes, Mark Narain, Ian Rees, Imroz Salam, Mary Crossey, Ashley Brown, Carolyn MacNicol, Simon Williams, Elva Wilhelmsen, Paul Banim, Parizade Raymode, Andrew Chilton, Debasish Das, Hye-Jeong Lee, Howard Curtis, Michael Heneghan, Markus Gess, Emma Durant, IM Drake, Rebecca Bishop, Mervyn Davies, Mark Aldersley, Noma Ncube, Alistair McNair, Raj Srirajaskanthan, Sambit Sen, Rebecca Casey, George Bird, Mike Mendall, Caroline Cowley, Adrian Barnardo, Paul Kitchen, Kevin Yoong, Kelly Amore, Dawn Sirdefield, Jacky Orpe, Ray Mathew, George MacFaul, Aruna Wrigth, Amir Shah, Chris Evans, Janie Keggans, Bridget Bird, Gwen Baxter, Subrata Saha, Katharine Pollock, Maggie Hughes, Peter Bramley, Emma Grieve, Karin Young, Andrew Fraser, Ashis Mukhopadhya, Kate Ocker, Peter Mills, Francis Hines, Chris Shallcross, Joy Wilkins, Leonie Grellier, Stewart Campbell, Kirsty Martin, Caron Innes, Alan Shepherd, Simon Rushbrook, Talal Valliani, Robert Przemioslo, Helen Fairlamb, Chris Macdonald, Anne Eastick, Jane Metcalf, Elizabeth Tanqueray, Udi Shmueli, Becky Holbrook, Andrew Davis, Julie Browning, Asifabbas Naqvi, Kirsten Walker, Tom Lee, Juliette Verheyden, Susan Slininger, Stephen D Ryder, Roger Chapman, Jane Collier, Denise O'Donnell, Lizzie Stafford, Kate Williamson, Linda Kent, Howard Klass, Mary Ninkovic, Linda March, Matthew Cramp, Diane Simpson, Christine Dickson, Nicholas Sharer, Maria Hayes, Patrick Goggin, Mary Quinne, Sallyanne Pearson, Barbara Hoeroldt, Linda Jones, Alice Wright, Jonathan Booth, Alison Loftus, George Lipscomb, Hannah Dewhurst, Emma Gunter, Earl Williams, Anna Fouracres, Liz Farrington, Lyn Graves, Hyder Hussaini, Bill Stableforth, Suzie Marriott, Reuben Ayres, Marina Leoni, Andrew Burroughs, Eileen Marshall, David Tyrer, Kate Martin, Martin Lombard, Imran Patanwala, Lola Dali-Kemmery, Victoria Lambourne, Julia Maltby, Samir Vyas, Julie Colley, Bal Shinder, Saket Singhal, Jayne Jones, Marisa Mills, Dermot Gleeson, Mandy Carnahan, Jeff Butterworth, Kerenza Boulton, Natalie Taylor, Keith George, Tim Harding, Julie Tregonning, Andrew Douglass, Carly Brown, Gayle Clifford, Simon Panter, Denise Gocher, Jeremy Shearman, Gary Bray, Maria Hamilton, Graham Butcher, Daniel Forton, John Mclindon, Janette Curtis, Debashis Das, Tracey Shewan, Matthew Cowan, Gregory Whatley, Mariam Nasseri, Bob Grover, Nurani Sivaramakrishnan, Samantha Ducker, Kathryn Houghton, David Jones, Laura Griffiths, Sherill Tripoli, Maxton Pitcher, Ervin Shpuza, Nikki White, Deb Ghosh, Andrew Douds, Marie Green, Matthew Brookes, Lourdes Cumlat, Voi Shim Wong, Karen Warner, Kimberley Netherton, Adtya Mandal, Snjiv Jain, Hemant Gupta, Pradeep Sanghi, Steve Pereira, James Neuberger, Bridget Gunson, Gideon Hirschfield, Reina Teegan Lim, Susan Gallagher, Darren Clement, Alison Brind, Gill Watts, Mcdonald Mupudzi, Mark Wright, Jane Gitahi, Fiona Gordon, Denis Gocher, Esther Unitt, Hilary Pateman, Sally Batham, Toby Delahooke, Allister Grant, Jill Conder, Andrew Higham, Mark Cox, Lynn O'Donohoe, Lynn Currie, Alistair King, Metod Oblak, Carole Collins, Simon Whalley, Marie Quinn, Yolanda Baird, Isobel Amey, Jocelyn Fraser, Andy Li, Donna Cotterill, Andrew Bell, Amit Singhal, Ian Gee, Sandra Greer, Yeng Ang, Rupert Ransford, Joanna Allison, James Gotto, Simon Dyer, Helen Sweeting, Charles Millson, Giancarlo Labbadia, Maria Consiglia Bragazzi, Pietro Andreone, Francesco Azzaroli, Andrea Galli, Mirko Tarocchi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Antonio Grieco, Giuseppe Marrone, Maria Francesca Donato, Luca Valenti, Luca Maroni, Cristina Rigamonti, Antonino Picciotto, Carbone, M, Nardi, A, Flack, S, Carpino, G, Varvaropoulou, N, Gavrila, C, Spicer, A, Badrock, J, Bernuzzi, F, Cardinale, V, Ainsworth, H, Heneghan, M, Thorburn, D, Bathgate, A, Jones, R, Neuberger, J, Battezzati, P, Zuin, M, Taylor-Robinson, S, Donato, M, Kirby, J, Mitchell-Thain, R, Floreani, A, Sampaziotis, F, Muratori, L, Alvaro, D, Marzioni, M, Miele, L, Marra, F, Giannini, E, Gaudio, E, Ronca, V, Bonato, G, Cristoferi, L, Malinverno, F, Gerussi, A, Stocken, D, Cordell, H, Hirschfield, G, Alexander, G, Sandford, R, Jones, D, Invernizzi, P, Mells, G, Thomas, C, Rahman, M, Yapp, T, Lye Ch'ng, C, Harrison, M, Sturgess, R, Galaska, R, Healey, C, Whiteman, J, Czaijkowski, M, Gray, C, Gunasekera, A, Gyawli, P, Premchand, P, Mann, S, Elliott, K, Kapur, K, Watson, A, Foster, G, Trembling, P, Subhani, J, Harvey, R, Mccorry, R, Adgey, C, Hobson, L, Mulvaney-Jones, C, Evans, R, Mathialahan, T, Ramanaden, D, Gasem, J, Van Duyvenvoorde, G, Shorrock, C, Seward, K, Southern, P, Tibble, J, Penn, R, Gorard, D, Maiden, J, Damant, R, Palegwala, A, Jones, S, Dolwani, S, Prince, M, Silvestre, V, Foxton, M, Dungca, E, Mitchison, H, Wheatley, N, Gooding, I, Doyle, H, Karmo, M, Kent, M, Saksena, S, Braim, D, Patel, M, Lord, S, Ede, R, Paton, A, Austin, A, Lancaster, N, Sayer, J, Gibbins, A, Hogben, K, Hovell, C, Fisher, N, Carter, M, Koss, K, Musselwhite, J, Muscariu, F, Piotreowicz, A, Mckay, A, Grimley, C, Neal, D, Ting Tan, L, Lim, G, Brighton, J, Foale, C, Ala, A, Saeed, A, Flahive, K, Wood, G, Townshend, P, Ford, C, Brown, J, Kordula, J, Bowles, J, Wilkinson, M, Palmer, C, Ramage, J, Gordon, H, Featherstone, J, Ridpath, J, Ngatchu, T, Levi, S, Shaukat, S, Sadeghian, J, Shidrawi, R, Williams, B, Abouda, G, Duggan, C, Hynes, A, Narain, M, Rees, I, Salam, I, Crossey, M, Brown, A, Macnicol, C, Williams, S, Wilhelmsen, E, Banim, P, Raymode, P, Chilton, A, Das, D, Lee, H, Curtis, H, Gess, M, Durant, E, Drake, I, Bishop, R, Davies, M, Aldersley, M, Ncube, N, Mcnair, A, Srirajaskanthan, R, Sen, S, Casey, R, Bird, G, Mendall, M, Cowley, C, Barnardo, A, Kitchen, P, Yoong, K, Amore, K, Sirdefield, D, Orpe, J, Mathew, R, Macfaul, G, Wrigth, A, Shah, A, Evans, C, Keggans, J, Bird, B, Baxter, G, Saha, S, Pollock, K, Hughes, M, Bramley, P, Grieve, E, Young, K, Fraser, A, Mukhopadhya, A, Ocker, K, Mills, P, Hines, F, Shallcross, C, Wilkins, J, Grellier, L, Campbell, S, Martin, K, Innes, C, Shepherd, A, Rushbrook, S, Valliani, T, Przemioslo, R, Fairlamb, H, Macdonald, C, Eastick, A, Metcalf, J, Tanqueray, E, Shmueli, U, Holbrook, B, Davis, A, Browning, J, Naqvi, A, Walker, K, Lee, T, Verheyden, J, Slininger, S, Ryder, S, Chapman, R, Collier, J, O'Donnell, D, Stafford, L, Williamson, K, Kent, L, Klass, H, Ninkovic, M, March, L, Cramp, M, Simpson, D, Dickson, C, Sharer, N, Hayes, M, Goggin, P, Quinne, M, Pearson, S, Hoeroldt, B, Jones, L, Wright, A, Booth, J, Loftus, A, Lipscomb, G, Dewhurst, H, Gunter, E, Williams, E, Fouracres, A, Farrington, L, Graves, L, Hussaini, H, Stableforth, B, Marriott, S, Ayres, R, Leoni, M, Burroughs, A, Marshall, E, Tyrer, D, Lombard, M, Patanwala, I, Dali-Kemmery, L, Lambourne, V, Maltby, J, Vyas, S, Colley, J, Shinder, B, Singhal, S, Jones, J, Mills, M, Gleeson, D, Carnahan, M, Butterworth, J, Boulton, K, Taylor, N, George, K, Harding, T, Tregonning, J, Douglass, A, Brown, C, Clifford, G, Panter, S, Gocher, D, Shearman, J, Bray, G, Hamilton, M, Butcher, G, Forton, D, Mclindon, J, Curtis, J, Shewan, T, Cowan, M, Whatley, G, Nasseri, M, Grover, B, Sivaramakrishnan, N, Ducker, S, Houghton, K, Griffiths, L, Tripoli, S, Pitcher, M, Shpuza, E, White, N, Ghosh, D, Douds, A, Green, M, Brookes, M, Cumlat, L, Wong, V, Warner, K, Netherton, K, Mandal, A, Jain, S, Gupta, H, Sanghi, P, Pereira, S, Gunson, B, Lim, R, Gallagher, S, Clement, D, Brind, A, Watts, G, Mupudzi, M, Wright, M, Gitahi, J, Gordon, F, Unitt, E, Pateman, H, Batham, S, Delahooke, T, Grant, A, Conder, J, Higham, A, Cox, M, O'Donohoe, L, Currie, L, King, A, Oblak, M, Collins, C, Whalley, S, Quinn, M, Baird, Y, Amey, I, Fraser, J, Li, A, Cotterill, D, Bell, A, Singhal, A, Gee, I, Greer, S, Ang, Y, Ransford, R, Allison, J, Gotto, J, Dyer, S, Sweeting, H, Millson, C, Labbadia, G, Bragazzi, M, Andreone, P, Azzaroli, F, Galli, A, Tarocchi, M, Gasbarrini, A, Grieco, A, Marrone, G, Valenti, L, Maroni, L, Rigamonti, C, Picciotto, A, Sampaziotis, Fotios [0000-0003-0812-7586], Sandford, Richard [0000-0002-7437-0560], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Carbone, Marco, Nardi, Alessandra, Flack, Steve, Carpino, Guido, Varvaropoulou, Nikoletta, Gavrila, Caiu, Spicer, Ann, Badrock, Jonathan, Bernuzzi, Francesca, Cardinale, Vincenzo, Ainsworth, Holly F, Heneghan, Michael A, Thorburn, Dougla, Bathgate, Andrew, Jones, Rebecca, Neuberger, James M, Battezzati, Pier Maria, Zuin, Massimo, Taylor-Robinson, Simon, Donato, Maria F, Kirby, John, Mitchell-Thain, Robert, Floreani, Annarosa, Sampaziotis, Fotio, Muratori, Luigi, Alvaro, Domenico, Marzioni, Marco, Miele, Luca, Marra, Fabio, Giannini, Edoardo, Gaudio, Eugenio, Ronca, Vincenzo, Bonato, Giulia, Cristoferi, Laura, Malinverno, Federica, Gerussi, Alessio, Stocken, Deborah D, Cordell, Heather J, Hirschfield, Gideon M, Alexander, Graeme J, Sandford, Richard N, Jones, David E, Invernizzi, Pietro, Mells, George F, Thomas, Caradog, Rahman, Meshbah, Yapp, Tom, Lye Ch'ng, Chin, Harrison, Melanie, Sturgess, Richard, Galaska, Roman, Healey, Chri, Whiteman, Jessica, Czaijkowski, Marek, Gray, Catherine, Gunasekera, Anton, Gyawli, Pranab, Premchand, Purushothaman, Mann, Steven, Elliott, Keith, Kapur, Kapil, Watson, Alan, Foster, Graham, Trembling, Paul, Subhani, Javaid, Harvey, Rory, McCorry, Roger, Adgey, Carolyn, Hobson, Lucie, Mulvaney-Jones, Caroline, Evans, Richard, Mathialahan, Thiriloganathan, Ramanaden, David, Gasem, Jaber, Van Duyvenvoorde, Greta, Shorrock, Christopher, Seward, Katie, Southern, Paul, Tibble, Jeremy, Penn, Ruth, Gorard, David, Maiden, Jane, Damant, Rose, Palegwala, Altaf, Jones, Susan, Alexander, Graeme, Mells, George, Sandford, Richard, Dolwani, Sunil, Prince, Martin, Silvestre, Valeria, Foxton, Matthew, Dungca, Eleanor, Mitchison, Harriet, Wheatley, Natalie, Gooding, Ian, Doyle, Helen, Karmo, Mazn, Kent, Melanie, Saksena, Sushma, Braim, Delyth, Patel, Minesh, Lord, Susan, Ede, Roland, Paton, Alison, Austin, Andrew, Lancaster, Nicola, Sayer, Joanna, Gibbins, Andrew, Hogben, Karen, Hovell, Chri, Fisher, Neil, Carter, Martyn, Koss, Konrad, Musselwhite, Janine, Muscariu, Florin, Piotreowicz, Andrzej, McKay, Alexandra, Grimley, Charle, Neal, David, Ting Tan, Lai, Lim, Guan, Brighton, Jacqueline, Foale, Carole, Ala, Aftab, Saeed, Athar, Flahive, Kerry, Wood, Gordon, Townshend, Paula, Ford, Chri, Brown, Jonathan, Kordula, Jean, Bowles, Jane, Wilkinson, Mark, Palmer, Caroline, Ramage, John, Gordon, Harriet, Featherstone, Jame, Ridpath, Jo, Ngatchu, Theodore, Levi, Sa, Shaukat, Syed, Sadeghian, Joy, Shidrawi, Ray, Williams, Bronwen, Abouda, George, Jones, Sarah, Duggan, Claire, Hynes, Abigail, Narain, Mark, Rees, Ian, Salam, Imroz, Crossey, Mary, Brown, Ashley, MacNicol, Carolyn, Williams, Simon, Wilhelmsen, Elva, Banim, Paul, Raymode, Parizade, Chilton, Andrew, Das, Debasish, Lee, Hye-Jeong, Curtis, Howard, Heneghan, Michael, Gess, Marku, Durant, Emma, Drake, I.M., Bishop, Rebecca, Davies, Mervyn, Aldersley, Mark, Ncube, Noma, McNair, Alistair, Srirajaskanthan, Raj, Sen, Sambit, Casey, Rebecca, Bird, George, Mendall, Mike, Cowley, Caroline, Barnardo, Adrian, Kitchen, Paul, Yoong, Kevin, Amore, Kelly, Sirdefield, Dawn, Orpe, Jacky, Mathew, Ray, MacFaul, George, Wrigth, Aruna, Shah, Amir, Evans, Chri, Keggans, Janie, Bird, Bridget, Baxter, Gwen, Saha, Subrata, Pollock, Katharine, Hughes, Maggie, Bramley, Peter, Grieve, Emma, Young, Karin, Fraser, Andrew, Mukhopadhya, Ashi, Ocker, Kate, Mills, Peter, Hines, Franci, Shallcross, Chri, Wilkins, Joy, Grellier, Leonie, Campbell, Stewart, Martin, Kirsty, Innes, Caron, Shepherd, Alan, Rushbrook, Simon, Valliani, Talal, Przemioslo, Robert, Fairlamb, Helen, Macdonald, Chri, Eastick, Anne, Metcalf, Jane, Tanqueray, Elizabeth, Shmueli, Udi, Holbrook, Becky, Davis, Andrew, Browning, Julie, Naqvi, Asifabba, Walker, Kirsten, Lee, Tom, Verheyden, Juliette, Slininger, Susan, Ryder, Stephen D, Chapman, Roger, Collier, Jane, O'Donnell, Denise, Stafford, Lizzie, Williamson, Kate, Kent, Linda, Klass, Howard, Ninkovic, Mary, March, Linda, Cramp, Matthew, Simpson, Diane, Dickson, Christine, Sharer, Nichola, Hayes, Maria, Goggin, Patrick, Quinne, Mary, Pearson, Sallyanne, Hoeroldt, Barbara, Jones, Linda, Wright, Alice, Booth, Jonathan, Loftus, Alison, Lipscomb, George, Dewhurst, Hannah, Gunter, Emma, Williams, Earl, Fouracres, Anna, Farrington, Liz, Graves, Lyn, Hussaini, Hyder, Stableforth, Bill, Marriott, Suzie, Ayres, Reuben, Leoni, Marina, Burroughs, Andrew, Marshall, Eileen, Tyrer, David, Martin, Kate, Lombard, Martin, Patanwala, Imran, Dali-Kemmery, Lola, Lambourne, Victoria, Maltby, Julia, Vyas, Samir, Colley, Julie, Shinder, Bal, Singhal, Saket, Jones, Jayne, Mills, Marisa, Gleeson, Dermot, Carnahan, Mandy, Butterworth, Jeff, Boulton, Kerenza, Taylor, Natalie, George, Keith, Harding, Tim, Tregonning, Julie, Douglass, Andrew, Brown, Carly, Clifford, Gayle, Panter, Simon, Gocher, Denise, Shearman, Jeremy, Bray, Gary, Hamilton, Maria, Butcher, Graham, Forton, Daniel, Mclindon, John, Curtis, Janette, Das, Debashi, Shewan, Tracey, Cowan, Matthew, Whatley, Gregory, Nasseri, Mariam, Grover, Bob, Sivaramakrishnan, Nurani, Ducker, Samantha, Houghton, Kathryn, Jones, David, Griffiths, Laura, Tripoli, Sherill, Pitcher, Maxton, Shpuza, Ervin, White, Nikki, Ghosh, Deb, Douds, Andrew, Green, Marie, Brookes, Matthew, Cumlat, Lourde, Wong, Voi Shim, Warner, Karen, Netherton, Kimberley, Mandal, Adtya, Jain, Snjiv, Gupta, Hemant, Sanghi, Pradeep, Pereira, Steve, Neuberger, Jame, Gunson, Bridget, Hirschfield, Gideon, Lim, Reina Teegan, Gallagher, Susan, Clement, Darren, Brind, Alison, Watts, Gill, Mupudzi, Mcdonald, Wright, Mark, Gitahi, Jane, Gordon, Fiona, Gocher, Deni, Unitt, Esther, Pateman, Hilary, Batham, Sally, Delahooke, Toby, Grant, Allister, Conder, Jill, Higham, Andrew, Cox, Mark, O'Donohoe, Lynn, Currie, Lynn, King, Alistair, Oblak, Metod, Collins, Carole, Whalley, Simon, Quinn, Marie, Baird, Yolanda, Amey, Isobel, Fraser, Jocelyn, Li, Andy, Cotterill, Donna, Bell, Andrew, Singhal, Amit, Gee, Ian, Greer, Sandra, Ang, Yeng, Ransford, Rupert, Allison, Joanna, Gotto, Jame, Dyer, Simon, Sweeting, Helen, Millson, Charle, Labbadia, Giancarlo, Bragazzi, Maria Consiglia, Andreone, Pietro, Azzaroli, Francesco, Galli, Andrea, Tarocchi, Mirko, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Grieco, Antonio, Marrone, Giuseppe, Donato, Maria Francesca, Valenti, Luca, Maroni, Luca, Rigamonti, Cristina, Picciotto, Antonino, and Medical Research Council (MRC)
Subjects: Male, Cholagogues and Choleretics, Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_treatment, PROGRESSION, Liver transplantation, PHENOTYPE, Gastroenterology, UDCA, 0302 clinical medicine, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Risk Factors, Medicine, Age of Onset, CIRRHOSIS, TREE, OUTCOMES, Settore MED/12 - Gastroenterologia, medicine.diagnostic_test, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary, Ursodeoxycholic Acid, Area under the curve, URSODIOL, Middle Aged, Ursodeoxycholic acid, Treatment Outcome, Primary biliary cholangitis, ursodeoxycholic acid, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Liver biopsy, Area Under Curve, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, CONTROLLED-TRIAL, Hepatology, Decision Support Techniques, Time-to-Treatment, Biliary injury, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Humans, Transaminases, Science & Technology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Italian PBC Study Group and the UK–PBC Consortium, business.industry, Bilirubin, medicine.disease, Alkaline Phosphatase, ROC Curve, CELLS, Linear Models, business
Abstract: Background: Treatment guidelines recommend a stepwise approach to primary biliary cholangitis: all patients begin treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) monotherapy and those with an inadequate biochemical response after 12 months are subsequently considered for second-line therapies. However, as a result, patients at the highest risk can wait the longest for effective treatment. We determined whether UDCA response can be accurately predicted using pretreatment clinical parameters. Methods: We did logistic regression analysis of pretreatment variables in a discovery cohort of patients in the UK with primary biliary cholangitis to derive the best-fitting model of UDCA response, defined as alkaline phosphatase less than 1Â·67 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), measured after 12 months of treatment with UDCA. We validated the model in an external cohort of patients with primary biliary cholangitis and treated with UDCA in Italy. Additionally, we assessed correlations between model predictions and key histological features, such as biliary injury and fibrosis, on liver biopsy samples. Findings: 2703 participants diagnosed with primary biliary cholangitis between Jan 1, 1998, and May 31, 2015, were included in the UK-PBC cohort for derivation of the model. The following pretreatment parameters were associated with lower probability of UDCA response: higher alkaline phosphatase concentration (p
Published: 2018

46. Behaviour change intervention (education and text) to prevent dental caries in secondary school pupils: BRIGHT RCT, process and economic evaluation.

Author: Marshman Z, Ainsworth H, Fairhurst C, Whiteside K, Sykes D, Keetharuth A, El Yousfi S, Turner E, Day PF, Chestnutt IG, Dixon S, Kellar I, Gilchrist F, Robertson M, Pavitt S, Hewitt C, Dey D, Torgerson D, Pollard L, Manser E, Seifo N, Araujo M, Al-Yaseen W, Jones C, Hicks K, Rowles K, and Innes N
Subjects: Humans, Child, Adolescent, Female, Male, United Kingdom, Text Messaging, Quality of Life, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Schools, Dental Caries prevention & control, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Toothbrushing
Abstract: Background: The presence of dental caries impacts on children's daily lives, particularly among those living in deprived areas. There are successful interventions across the United Kingdom for young children based on toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste. However, evidence is lacking for oral health improvement programmes in secondary-school pupils to reduce dental caries and its sequelae., Objectives: To determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of a behaviour change intervention promoting toothbrushing for preventing dental caries in secondary-school pupils., Design: A multicentre, school-based, assessor-blinded, two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial with an internal pilot and embedded health economic and process evaluations., Setting: Secondary schools in Scotland, England and Wales with above-average proportion of pupils eligible for free school meals. Randomisation occurred within schools (year-group level), using block randomisation stratified by school., Participants: Pupils aged 11-13 years at recruitment, who have their own mobile telephone., Interventions: Two-component intervention based on behaviour change theory: (1) 50-minute lesson delivered by teachers, and (2) twice-daily text messages to pupils' mobile phones about toothbrushing, compared with routine education., Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcome: presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion using D ICDAS4-6 MFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth) in any permanent tooth, measured at pupil level at 2.5 years. Secondary outcomes included: number of D ICDAS4-6 MFT; presence and number of D ICDAS1-6 MFT; plaque; bleeding; twice-daily toothbrushing; health-related quality of life (Child Health Utility 9D); and oral health-related quality of life (Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children)., Results: Four thousand six hundred and eighty pupils (intervention, n = 2262; control, n = 2418) from 42 schools were randomised. The primary analysis on 2383 pupils (50.9%; intervention 1153, 51.0%; control 1230, 50.9%) with valid data at baseline and 2.5 years found 44.6% in the intervention group and 43.0% in control had obvious decay experience in at least one permanent tooth. There was no evidence of a difference (odds ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.26, p = 0.72) and no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes except for twice-daily toothbrushing at 6 months (odds ratio 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.63, p = 0.03) and gingival bleeding score (borderline) at 2.5 years (geometric mean difference 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.00, p = 0.05). The intervention had higher incremental mean costs (£1.02, 95% confidence interval -1.29 to 3.23) and lower incremental mean quality-adjusted life-years (-0.003, 95% confidence interval -0.009 to 0.002). The probability of the intervention being cost-effective was 7% at 2.5 years. However, in two subgroups, pilot trial schools and schools with higher proportions of pupils eligible for free school meals, there was an 84% and 60% chance of cost effectiveness, respectively, although their incremental costs and quality-adjusted life-years remained small and not statistically significant. The process evaluation revealed that the intervention was generally acceptable, although the implementation of text messages proved challenging. The COVID-19 pandemic hampered data collection. High rates of missing economic data mean findings should be interpreted with caution., Conclusions: Engagement with the intervention and evidence of 6-month change in toothbrushing behaviour was positive but did not translate into a reduction of caries. Future work should include work with secondary-school pupils to develop an understanding of the determinants of oral health behaviours, including toothbrushing and sugar consumption, particularly according to free school meal eligibility., Trial Registration: This trial is registered as ISRCTN12139369., Funding: This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 15/166/08) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment ; Vol. 28, No. 52. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
Published: 2024
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47. Behaviour change intervention for toothbrushing (lesson and text messages) to prevent dental caries in secondary school pupils: The BRIGHT randomized control trial.

Author: Innes N, Fairhurst C, Whiteside K, Ainsworth H, Sykes D, El Yousfi S, Turner E, Chestnutt IG, Keetharuth A, Dixon S, Day PF, Seifo N, Gilchrist F, Hicks K, Kellar I, Al-Yaseen W, Araujo M, Dey D, Hewitt C, Pavitt S, Robertson M, Torgerson D, and Marshman Z
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Adolescent, Child, United Kingdom, Single-Blind Method, Health Behavior, Dental Caries prevention & control, Toothbrushing, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Text Messaging
Abstract: Objectives: This multicentre, assessor-blinded, two-arm cluster randomized trial evaluated the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a behaviour change intervention promoting toothbrushing for preventing dental caries in UK secondary schools., Methods: Pupils aged 11-13 years with their own mobile telephone attending secondary schools with above average free school meals eligibility were randomized (at year-group level) to receive a lesson and twice-daily text messages or to usual care. Year-groups (n = 84) from 42 schools including 4680 pupils (intervention, n = 2262; control, n = 2418) were randomized., Results: In 2383 participants with valid data at baseline and 2.5 years, the primary outcome of presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion (D 4-6 MFT [Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth] in permanent teeth using International Caries Detection and Assessment System) was 44.6% in the intervention group and 43.0% in control (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% CI 0.85-1.26, p = .72). There were no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes of presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion (D 1-6 MFT), number of D 4-6 MFT and D 1-6 MFT, plaque and bleeding scores or health-related- (Child Health Utility 9D) or oral health-related- quality of life (CARIES-QC). However, twice-daily toothbrushing, reported by 77.6% of pupils at baseline, increased at 6 months (intervention, 86.9%; control, 83.0%; OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.63, p = .03), but returned to no difference at 2.5 years (intervention, 81.0%; control, 79.9%; OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.84-1.30, p = .69). Estimated incremental costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of the intervention, relative to control, were £1.02 (95% CI -1.29 to 3.23) and -0.003 (95% CI -0.009 to 0.002), respectively, with a 7% chance of being cost-effective (£20 000/QALY gained threshold)., Conclusion: There was no evidence of statistically significant difference for caries prevalence at 2.5-years. The intervention's positive 6-month toothbrushing behaviour change did not translate into caries reduction. (ISRCTN 12139369). COVID-19 pandemic adversly affected follow-up., (© 2024 The Authors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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48. The Accessibility of Online Mental Health Crisis Resources in Texas Public School Districts.

Author: Ainsworth H and Johnson K
Abstract: Youth mental health and access to mental health resources are ongoing concerns for many students, families, and school personnel. Schools are trusted entities with the potential to disseminate accurate information. However, little is known about how school districts utilize the opportunity to connect students to trustworthy online mental health crisis resources. The objective of this study was to determine whether school districts are using technology to connect students to mental health resources. Using a stratified random sample of Texas public school districts, we assessed the presence and accessibility of mental health resources through district websites. Only 20.3% of district websites had mental health crisis resources present. Further evaluation revealed that districts are not fully utilizing technology to promote online mental health crisis resources. School nurses can play a key role in expanding access to mental health crisis resources by developing and promoting such websites., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Published: 2024
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49. The oral health of secondary school pupils: baseline data from the Brushing RemInder 4 Good oral HealTh (BRIGHT) trial.

Author: Marshman Z, Fairhurst C, El Yousfi S, Whiteside K, Ainsworth H, Chestnutt IG, Day PF, Dey D, Hewitt C, Hicks K, Pavitt S, Robertson M, Robinson-Smith L, Sykes D, Torgerson D, Turner E, and Innes N
Abstract: Background This paper describes the sociodemographics and oral health of UK secondary school pupils. They were participants of the BRIGHT trial, which was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a toothbrushing intervention to reduce dental caries.Methods Overall, 4,680 pupils aged 11-13 years attending 42 secondary schools in England, Scotland and Wales with above average proportion of pupils eligible for free school meals, were recruited to the trial. Sociodemographic data were collected. Participants had a clinical assessment for caries, plaque and bleeding and completed measures of oral and general health-related quality of life and oral health behaviours (frequency of toothbrushing, dental attendance and cariogenic food/drinks consumed). Regression analyses were performed.Results Over one-third (34.7%) of participants had caries experience, with 44.5% reporting their oral health had an impact on their daily lives. Factors associated with a statistically significant increased likelihood of caries experience were older age, being female, eligibility for free school meals, worse oral health-related quality of life, higher cariogenic diet, less than twice-daily toothbrushing, living in a more deprived area and lower school attendance.Conclusions The prevalence and impact of dental caries on the lives of pupils remains high, with further oral health promotion activities needed in targeted secondary schools., (© 2023. The Author.)
Published: 2023
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50. Molecular pathways identified from single nucleotide polymorphisms demonstrate mechanistic differences in systemic lupus erythematosus patients of Asian and European ancestry.

Author: Owen KA, Bell KA, Price A, Bachali P, Ainsworth H, Marion MC, Howard TD, Langefeld CD, Shen N, Yazdany J, Dall'era M, Grammer AC, and Lipsky PE
Subjects: Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genotype, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic genetics
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disorder with a prominent genetic component. Individuals of Asian-Ancestry (AsA) disproportionately experience more severe SLE compared to individuals of European-Ancestry (EA), including increased renal involvement and tissue damage. However, the mechanisms underlying elevated severity in the AsA population remain unclear. Here, we utilized available gene expression data and genotype data based on all non-HLA SNP associations in EA and AsA SLE patients detected using the Immunochip genotyping array. We identified 2778 ancestry-specific and 327 trans-ancestry SLE-risk polymorphisms. Genetic associations were examined using connectivity mapping and gene signatures based on predicted biological pathways and were used to interrogate gene expression datasets. SLE-associated pathways in AsA patients included elevated oxidative stress, altered metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas SLE-associated pathways in EA patients included a robust interferon response (type I and II) related to enhanced cytosolic nucleic acid sensing and signaling. An independent dataset derived from summary genome-wide association data in an AsA cohort was interrogated and identified similar molecular pathways. Finally, gene expression data from AsA SLE patients corroborated the molecular pathways predicted by SNP associations. Identifying ancestry-related molecular pathways predicted by genetic SLE risk may help to disentangle the population differences in clinical severity that impact AsA and EA individuals with SLE., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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