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Even without the impact of a global pandemic, refugee women face obstacles to their integration into the labour market. Complex integration challenges are situated across different, yet interwoven, levels. These include restrictive policies at the institutional level, limited funding for support measures at the organisational level and a lack of skills at the individual level. Many of these are gendered and specifically affect women. Some might be further intensified by Covid-19. However, the pandemic's effect on the labour market integration of refugee women has yet to be explored. This paper examines specific challenges support organisations and refugee women have faced during the pandemic and their responses to these. Following a process perspective, we utilise a qualitative methods approach with semi-structured interviews. We collected our data in Austria, a European country that hosts numerous refugees and has an elaborate support network. Results show that the external shock of the pandemic amplified the importance of developing digital skills to support post-pandemic labour market integration. In addition, the pandemic exacerbated challenges for refugee women and support organisations. This led to ‘action’, ‘reaction’ and ‘resignation’ responses. We discuss these, and provide avenues for further research and practice. Version of record

This paper addresses the question of how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the labour market integration support (LMIS) organised for refugees in Austria and Sweden, and the potential consequences of the changes unfolding. LMIS for refugees is a complex phenomenon involving actors at different interwoven levels—the macro-national level, the meso-organisational level and the micro-individual level. However, the complexities and consequences of such processes for the labour market integration of refugees have so far received limited attention. The current Covid-19 pandemic actualises the need to gain a better understanding of how integration support is organised across the different levels and how the pandemic itself impacts such support. Thus, the article seeks to understand how the pandemic affects the LMIS organised for refugees in Austria and Sweden, two countries with a large refugee population and diverging responses to the pandemic. Based on 29 semi-structured interviews and three focus group workshops, the results highlight in particular three developments: (a) a further entrenching of broader, macro-national level developments related to integration support already underway prior to the pandemic; (b) further mainstreaming of activities; and (c) increased volatility of work. Overall, the pandemic has brought to the fore the interrelation of different levels in the organising of LMIS for refugees and has contributed to a stabilisation of already ongoing activities.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) exists in 2 alternatively spliced isoforms, STAT3α and STAT3β. Although truncated STAT3β was originally postulated to act as a dominant-negative form of STAT3α, it has been shown to have various STAT3α-independent regulatory functions. Recently, STAT3β gained attention as a powerful antitumorigenic molecule in cancer. Deregulated STAT3 signaling is often found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, the role of STAT3β in AML remains elusive. Therefore, we analyzed the STAT3β/α messenger RNA (mRNA) expression ratio in AML patients, where we observed that a higher STAT3β/α mRNA ratio correlated with a favorable prognosis and increased overall survival. To gain better understanding of the function of STAT3β in AML, we engineered a transgenic mouse allowing for balanced Stat3β expression. Transgenic Stat3β expression resulted in decelerated disease progression and extended survival in PTEN- and MLL-AF9–dependent AML mouse models. Our findings further suggest that the antitumorigenic function of STAT3β depends on the tumor-intrinsic regulation of a small set of significantly up- and downregulated genes, identified via RNA sequencing. In conclusion, we demonstrate that STAT3β plays an essential tumor-suppressive role in AML.

"Anhand einer kurzen Diskussion zum bisherigen theoretischen und empirischen nationalen, aber auch internationalen Forschungsstand zu 'Ethnischem Unternehmertum' wird dieser Artikel Modelle zu Entstehung, Etablierung und Struktur sowie zu derzeit sichtbaren sozio-ökonomischen und sozio-kulturellen Wirkungsweisen, insbesondere zu Integrations- und Segregationsaspekten, diskutieren und weiterentwickeln. Anhand eines eigenen Modells, unter Einbeziehung und theoretischer Weiterentwicklung von Ansätzen der Systemtheorie und Herangehensweisen der Integrationstheorie, werden Innen- und Außenfunktionen von 'Ethnic Entrepreneurship' unter verschiedenen Rahmenbedingungen angesprochen. Diese Modelle werden anhand der Ergebnisse einer explorativen qualitativen Studie zu 'Ethnic Entrepreneurs' in Oberösterreich kritisch untermalt." (Autorenreferat) "Based on a discussion of recent theoretical and empirical analysis, both Austrian nationally and internationally, about 'Ethnic Entrepreneurship' (EE), this article develops a strategic model of EE. The development, structure, and socio-economic organization of EE, as well as its socio-cultural impact, and hence, its functions of integration and/ or segregation in relation to the wider society, are incorporated in a new theoretical model, which is based on systems theory and on theories of migration and integration. The model helps to understand the diverse functions of EE regarding the relations of ethnic groups and the host society. The newly developed and elaborated model will be illustrated by an explorative qualitative study of EE in Upper Austria." (author's abstract)

A result of gender-specific body posture and movement socialization, girls and women acquire their personal space differently than boys and men. Stated in another way, their view of its accessibility is not the same. As a rule, girls and women use their personal and social space less and more frequently go on the defensive when acquiring this space than their male counterparts. This has a limiting effect on the way girls and women interact socially while reinforcing patriarchal positions of power in our society. In this paper, the behavioral aspects of how females acquire and interact with their personal space are discussed. Proceeding from girl-specific assumptions, whether or not, and inwhat form, dancing as a part of physical education can contribute to the creation or expansion of body and movement posture for girls and by extension, to their personal latitude of maneuverability. At the beginning of this paper, research methodologies in women's and gender studies are discussed. Then, theories of socialization with regard to feminine socialization with a concrete interest in body and movement socialization of girls is handled. In a following step, the interwovenness of gender conditions and spacial structures is given special consideration. Sociological theories of space are introduced, space is defined, and a theoretical framework for this thesis is laid. Then, the objectives and didactic principles for instruction methods for enhancing the self-esteem of girls as a basis for additional steps are delineated. In this paper, dance is viewed as an opportunity for girls in physical education, to explore new body posturing and movement and experiential spaces, to expand these spaces and to use them. Along with the basics of dance theory, the educational relevance of the topic of space in dance education based on some of the fundamental movement forms of Laban are looked at. In Contact Improvisation, exemplary assumptions for enhancing the self-esteem of girls are listed and which chances these danceforms offer in terms of space utilization and enhancing girls' self-esteem. The paper concludes with a discussion of the problem of transfer. Lastly, the contents of the paper are summarized and possibilities for more related areas of work are presented. The areas of "Dance, space and gender" are viewed primarily from a theoretical perspective. This is a hermeneutic analysis of the topic. I base it on already existing theoretical work (personally selected text). In this paper, women's studies are undertaken., Durch eine geschlechtsspezifische Körper- und Bewegungssozialisation eignen sich Mädchen und Frauen Räume anders an als Jungen und Männer bzw. sind ihnen Räume unterschiedliche zugängig. Sie nutzen ihren persönlichen und sozialen Raum tendenziell weniger und gehen auch bei der Raumaneignung defensiver vor als Jungen und Männer. Dies wirkt sich einschränkend auf den persönlichen Handlungsspielraum von Mädchen und Frauen aus und reproduziert gleichzeitig die patriarchalen Machtverhältnisse unserer Gesellschaft. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das weibliche Raumaneignungsverhalten aufgegriffen. Es wird unter mädchenparteilichen Prämissen diskutiert ob und in welcher Form Tanz im Rahmen des Sport- und Bewegungsunterricht einen Beitrag zur Eröffnung und Erweiterung des Körper- und Bewegungsraumes von Mädchen und weiterführend ihres persönlichen Handlungsspielraumes leisten kann. Eingangs wird ein Blick auf forschungsmethodische Ansätze der Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung geworfen. Anschließend werden Sozialisationstheorien im Hinblick auf die weibliche Sozialisation mit konkretem Interesse auf die Körper- und Bewegungssozialisation von Mädchen aufgegriffen. In einem nächsten Schritt wird die Verwobenheit von Geschlechterverhältnissen und Raumstrukturen thematisiert. Soziologische Raumtheorien werden vorgestellt, Räume definiert und es wird ein theoretischer Rahmen für die vorliegende Arbeit geschaffen. Nachfolgend werden die Ziele und didaktischen Prinzipien eines mädchenstärkenden Unterrichts als Grundlage für die weiteren Ausführungen angeführt. Tanz wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit als eine Gelegenheit für Mädchen betrachtet, im Sport- und Bewegungsunterricht neue Bewegungs- und Erfahrungsräume zu erkunden, zu erweitern und zu nutzen. Neben tanztheoretischen Grundlagen rückt die pädagogische Relevanz vom Thema Raum in der Bewegungserziehung, die an einigen ausgewählten Grund-Bewegungsthemen von Laban veranschaulicht werden soll, ins Blickfeld. An der Contact Improvisation wird unter Berücksichtigung mädchenstärkender Prämissen exemplarisch aufgezeigt, welche Chance diese Tanzrichtung hinsichtlich Raumnutzung und Mädchenstärkung bereithält. Die Arbeit schließt mit der Problematik des Transfers. Zuletzt werden die Inhalte der Arbeit kurz zusammengefasst und Möglichkeiten für weiterführende Anknüpfungspunkte dargestellt. Die Themenbereiche „Tanz, Raum und Geschlecht“ werden vorrangig aus einem theoretischen Blickwinkel betrachtet. Es handelt sich um eine hermeneutische Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema. Ich stütze mich dabei auf bereits vorliegende theoretische Arbeiten (persönlich ausgewählte Texte). In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird Frauenforschung betrieben.