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3. Controversy and Consensus on Indications for Sperm DNA Fragmentation Testing in Male Infertility: A Global Survey, Current Guidelines, and Expert Recommendations

Author

Agarwal, A, Farkouh, A, Saleh, R, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, TA-A, Harraz, AM, Kavoussi, P, Arafa, M, Salvio, G, Rambhatla, A, Toprak, T, Gül, M, Phuoc, NHV, Boitrelle, F, Birowo, P, Ghayda, RA, Cannarella, R, Kuroda, S, Durairajanayagam, D, Zini, A, Wyns, C, Sarikaya, S, Tremellen, K, Mostafa, T, Sokolakis, I, Evenson, DP, Henkel, R, Zohdy, W, Chung, E, Ziouziou, I, Falcone, M, Russo, GI, Al-Hashimi, M, Calogero, AE, Ko, E, Colpi, G, Lewis, S, Serefoglu, EC, Bahar, F, Martinez, M, Nguyen, Q, Ambar, RF, Bakircioglu, ME, Kandil, H, Mogharabian, N, Sabbaghian, M, Taniguchi, H, Tsujimura, A, Sajadi, H, Ibrahim, W, Atmoko, W, Vogiatzi, P, Gunes, S, Gilani, MAS, Roychoudhury, S, Güngör, ND, Hakim, L, Adriansjah, R, Kothari, P, Jindal, S, Amar, E, Park, HJ, Long, TQT, Homa, S, Karthikeyan, VS, Zilaitiene, B, Rosas, IM, Marino, A, Pescatori, E, Ozer, C, Akhavizadegan, H, Garrido, N, Busetto, GM, Adamyan, A, Al-Marhoon, M, Elbardisi, H, Dolati, P, Darbandi, M, Darbandi, S, Balercia, G, Pinggera, G-M, Micic, S, Ho, CCK, Moussa, M, Preto, M, Zenoaga-Barbăroșie, C, Smith, RP, Kosgi, R, Rosette, JDL, El-Sakka, AI, Abumelha, SM, Mierzwa, TC, Ong, TA, Banihani, SA, Bowa, K, Fukuhara, S, Boeri, L, Danacıoğlu, YO, Gokalp, F, Selim, OM, Cho, C-L, Tadros, NN, Ugur, MR, Ozkent, MS, Chiu, P, Kalkanli, A, Khalafalla, K, Vishwakarma, RB, Finocchi, F, Andreadakis, S, Giulioni, C, Çeker, G, Ceyhan, E, Malhotra, V, Yilmaz, M, Timpano, M, Barrett, TL, Kim, SHK, Ahn, S-T, Giacone, F, Palani, A, Duarsa, GWK, Kadioglu, A, Gadda, F, Zylbersztejn, DS, Aydos, K, Kulaksız, D, Gupte, D, Calik, G, Karna, KK, Drakopoulos, P, Baser, A, Kumar, V, Molina, JMC, Rajmil, O, Ferreira, RH, Leonardi, S, Avoyan, A, Sogutdelen, E, Franco, G, Ramsay, J, Ramirez, L, Shah, R, Global Andrology Forum, Agarwal, Ashok, Farkouh, Ala'A, Saleh, Ramadan, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Harraz, Ahmed M, Kavoussi, Parviz, Arafa, Mohamed, Salvio, Gianmaria, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Toprak, Tuncay, Gül, Murat, Phuoc, Nguyen Ho Vinh, Boitrelle, Florence, Birowo, Ponco, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Cannarella, Rossella, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Zini, Armand, Wyns, Christine, Sarikaya, Selcuk, Tremellen, Kelton, Mostafa, Taymour, Sokolakis, Ioanni, Evenson, Donald P, Henkel, Ralf, Zohdy, Wael, Chung, Eric, Ziouziou, Imad, Falcone, Marco, Russo, Giorgio I, Al-Hashimi, Manaf, Calogero, Aldo E, Ko, Edmund, Colpi, Giovanni, Lewis, Sheena, Serefoglu, Ege Can, Bahar, Fahmi, Martinez, Marlon, Nguyen, Quang, Ambar, Rafael F, Bakircioglu, Mustafa Emre, Kandil, Hussein, Mogharabian, Nasser, Sabbaghian, Marjan, Taniguchi, Hisanori, Tsujimura, Akira, Sajadi, Hesamoddin, Ibrahim, Wael, Atmoko, Widi, Vogiatzi, Paraskevi, Gunes, Sezgin, Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sadighi, Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep, Güngör, Nur Dokuzeylül, Hakim, Lukman, Adriansjah, Ricky, Kothari, Priyank, Jindal, Sunil, Amar, Edouard, Park, Hyun Jun, Long, Tran Quang Tien, Homa, Sheryl, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Zilaitiene, Birute, Rosas, Israel Maldonado, Marino, Angelo, Pescatori, Edoardo, Ozer, Cevahir, Akhavizadegan, Hamed, Garrido, Nicola, Busetto, Gian Maria, Adamyan, Aram, Al-Marhoon, Mohamed, Elbardisi, Haitham, Dolati, Parisa, Darbandi, Mahsa, Darbandi, Sara, Balercia, Giancarlo, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Micic, Sava, Ho, Christopher Chee Kong, Moussa, Mohamad, Preto, Mirko, Zenoaga-Barbăroșie, Cătălina, Smith, Ryan P, Kosgi, Raghavender, Rosette, Jean de la, El-Sakka, Ahmed I, Abumelha, Saad Mohammed, Mierzwa, Tiago Cesar, Ong, Teng Aik, Banihani, Saleem A, Bowa, Kasonde, Fukuhara, Shinichiro, Boeri, Luca, Danacıoğlu, Yavuz Onur, Gokalp, Fatih, Selim, Osama Mohamed, Cho, Chak-Lam, Tadros, Nicholas N, Ugur, Muhammet Rasit, Ozkent, Mehmet Serkan, Chiu, Peter, Kalkanli, Arif, Khalafalla, Kareim, Vishwakarma, Ranjit B, Finocchi, Federica, Andreadakis, Sotiri, Giulioni, Carlo, Çeker, Gökhan, Ceyhan, Erman, Malhotra, Vineet, Yilmaz, Mehmet, Timpano, Massimiliano, Barrett, Trenton L, Kim, Shannon Hee Kyung, Ahn, Sun-Tae, Giacone, Filippo, Palani, Ayad, Duarsa, Gede Wirya Kusuma, Kadioglu, Ate, Gadda, Franco, Zylbersztejn, Daniel Suslik, Aydos, Kaan, Kulaksız, Deniz, Gupte, Deepak, Calik, Gokhan, Karna, Keshab Kumar, Drakopoulos, Panagioti, Baser, Aykut, Kumar, Vijay, Molina, Juan Manuel Corral, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Ferreira, Raphael H, Leonardi, Sofia, Avoyan, Armen, Sogutdelen, Emrullah, Franco, Giorgio, Ramsay, Jonathan, Ramirez, Liliana, Shah, Rupin, and Rocco, Lucia

Subjects
Male infertility, Practice guideline, Delphi method, DNA fragmentation, Survey, Sperm
Abstract

PURPOSE: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing was recently added to the sixth edition of the World Health Organization laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. Many conditions and risk factors have been associated with elevated SDF; therefore, it is important to identify the population of infertile men who might benefit from this test. The purpose of this study was to investigate global practices related to indications for SDF testing, compare the relevant professional society guideline recommendations, and provide expert recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicians managing male infertility were invited to take part in a global online survey on SDF clinical practices. This was conducted following the CHERRIES checklist criteria. The responses were compared to professional society guideline recommendations related to SDF and the appropriate available evidence. Expert recommendations on indications for SDF testing were then formulated, and the Delphi method was used to reach consensus. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 436 experts from 55 countries. Almost 75% of respondents test for SDF in all or some men with unexplained or idiopathic infertility, 39% order it routinely in the work-up of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and 62.2% investigate SDF in smokers. While 47% of reproductive urologists test SDF to support the decision for varicocele repair surgery when conventional semen parameters are normal, significantly fewer general urologists (23%; p=0.008) do the same. Nearly 70% would assess SDF before assisted reproductive technologies (ART), either always or for certain conditions. Recurrent ART failure is a common indication for SDF testing. Very few society recommendations were found regarding SDF testing. CONCLUSIONS: This article presents the largest global survey on the indications for SDF testing in infertile men, and demonstrates diverse practices. Furthermore, it highlights the paucity of professional society guideline recommendations. Expert recommendations are proposed to help guide clinicians.

Published
2023

10. A study of silicon interstitial kinetics using silicon membranes: Applications to 2D dopant diffusion.

Author

Ahn, S. T., Griffin, P. B., Shott, J. D., Plummer, J. D., and Tiller, W. A.

Subjects
*SILICON, *OXIDATION
Abstract

Presents information on a study which analyzed the kinetics of silicon (Si) interstitial generation, recombination and diffusion in floatzone (FZ) and Czochralski (CZ) Si during oxidation using thin Si membranes as test structures. Description of the FZ and CZ grown Si used for the membrane experiment; Use of the spreading resistance measurement technique to obtain phosphorus profile; Interstitial concentrations under the inert condition.

Published
1987
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11. Vacancy supersaturation in Si under SiO2 caused by SiO formation during annealing in Ar.

Author

Ahn, S. T., Kennel, H. W., Tiller, W. A., and Plummer, J. D.

Subjects
*SUPERSATURATED solutions, *SILICA, *SILICON oxide
Abstract

Presents a study that described vacancy supersaturation in silicon/silicon dioxide interface caused by silicon oxide formation. Methodology; Analysis of test structures with oxide steps and stacking faults; Examination of test structure with a polysilicon layer.

Published
1989
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12. Film stress-related vacancy supersaturation in silicon under low-pressure chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride films.

Author

Ahn, S. T., Kennel, H. W., Plummer, J. D., and Tiller, W. A.

Subjects
*SILICON nitride, *CHEMICAL vapor deposition
Abstract

Focuses on a study which investigated the effects of stress in silicon nitride films, deposited by the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition process, on the point defect concentrations in silicon. Correlation between the magnitude of stress and reactant gases; Effect of nitride thickness; Change in the average stacking fault sizes.

Published
1988
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26. Treatment of necrotising fasciitis using glycerol-preserved skin allografts for temporary wound coverage.

Author

Kim, S. W., Choi, I. K., Lee, J. H., Ahn, S. T., and Rhie, J. W.

Subjects
NECROTIZING fasciitis, AMPUTATION, BLISTERS, DEBRIDEMENT, HOMOGRAFTS, WOUND care, DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

Allografts of human skin have been used for both temporary and permanent wound coverage. They are useful as temporary bridges for the critically ill patient who is not allowed to receive definite wound coverage, or for wound bed preparation before permanent grafting. Glycerol-preserved skin allografts have several benefits including good adherence to the wound bed, water vapour transport, antimicrobial characteristics, low toxicity and antigenicity, ease of application and removal, a long shelf-life, and minimal storage requirements. We achieved lower limb salvage using a glycerol-preserved skin allograft for temporary wound coverage in the treatment of necrotising fasciitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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28. Characteristics of SrTiO3thin films deposited under various oxygen partial pressures

Author

Paek, S. H., Won, J. H., Jang, J. E., Hwang, Y. S., Mah, J. P., Choi, J. S., Ahn, S. T., Lee, J. G., and Park, C. S.

Abstract

SrTiO3thin films were deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering under various sputtering conditions followed by conventional furnace annealing at 600 and 700 °C. The amorphous SrTiO3thin films crystallized into polycrystals at 600 °C. The leakage current of the SrTiO3thin films decreased with increasing oxygen partial pressure in the sputtering gas. On the contrary, the dielectric constant increased with increasing the oxygen content in the sputtering gas. The leakage current and dielectric constant increased with increasing substrate temperature and post-annealing temperature. The ratio of Sr∶Ti approached 1∶1 with increasing oxygen content in the sputtering gas and substrate temperature during deposition. The oxygen content in the film decreased with increasing the substrate temperature. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) curves showed that the capacitance was nearly independent of the applied voltage. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed that interdiffusion between the bottom electrode (Pt) and the buffer layer (Ti) occurred during post-annealing, but that the interface between SrTiO3and Pt was stable.

Published
1996
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29. Enhanced Sb diffusion in Si under thermal Si3N4 films during annealing in Ar.

Author

Ahn, S. T., Kennel, H. W., Plummer, J. D., and Tiller, W. A.

Subjects
*SILICON nitride, *ANTIMONY, *SILICON
Abstract

The effect of the presence of a thermally grown Si3N4 film on Sb diffusion in Si during annealing in Ar at 1100 °C has been investigated. Enhanced Sb diffusion under thermal nitride was observed and the enhancement effect disappeared when the nitride was removed before Ar annealing. These results strongly suggest that the enhanced Sb diffusion observed during thermal nitridation of Si is not directly related to the growth of thermal nitride. These effects are instead attributed to stresses in the thermal nitride film. Possible mechanisms of dopant diffusion affected by stresses in thin films are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988
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30. Effect of oxygen precipitation on phosphorus diffusion in Czochralski silicon.

Author

Ahn, S. T., Kennel, H. W., Plummer, J. D., Tiller, W. A., Rek, Z. U., and Stock, S. R.

Subjects
*PRECIPITATION (Chemistry), *OXYGEN, *THIN films, *SILICON
Abstract

The effects of oxygen precipitation and surface films (SiO2 vs Si3N4) on P diffusion at 1100 °C in Czochralski silicon have been studied. With a fast precipitation rate, P diffusion under both kinds of films is enhanced because of the supersaturation of Si interstitials caused by oxygen precipitation. The larger enhancement in P diffusion under Si3N4 than that under SiO2 covered with Si3N4 is attributed to the slower recombination velocity of interstitials at the Si3N4/Si interface. P diffusion in a denuded zone behaves like that in float-zone Si until the interstitials generated under that zone arrive at the interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988
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31. Model for bulk effects on Si interstitial diffusivity in silicon.

Author

Griffin, P. B., Ahn, S. T., Tiller, W. A., and Plummer, J. D.

Subjects
*SILICON, *ION traps
Abstract

Literature values for the diffusivity of the silicon interstitial or interstitialcy, I, range over several orders of magnitude and have activation energies between 1 and 4 eV. We propose a model for bulk trapping effects on the I diffusivity which provides a consistent explanation for the observed discrepancies. It reconciles the effects of different materials (float-zone, Czochralski, and epitaxial silicon) and processes (diffusion and gettering) on the apparent value of the I diffusivity. New experimental results which directly indicate substantial bulk effects in different types of silicon support the validity of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987
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40. Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations

Author

Shah, Rupin, Agarwal, Ashok, Kavoussi, Parviz, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Saleh, Ramadan, Cannarella, Rossella, Harraz, Ahmed M., Boitrelle, Florence, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid, Zini, Armand, Ko, Edmund, Çalık, Gökhan, Toprak, Tuncay, Kandil, Hussein, Gül, Murat, Bakırcıoğlu, Mustafa Emre, Parekh, Neel, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Tadros, Nicholas, Kadıoğlu, Ateş, Arafa, Mohamed, Chung, Eric, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Dimitriadis, Fotios, Malhotra, Vineet, Salvio, Gianmaria, Henkel, Ralf, Le, Tan V., Sogutdelen, Emrullah, Vij, Sarah, Alarbid, Abdullah, Güdeloğlu, Ahmet, Tsujimura, Akira, Calogero, Aldo E., El Meliegy, Amr, Crafa, Andrea, Kalkanlı, Arif, Baser, Aykut, Hazır, Berk, Giulioni, Carlo, Cho, Chak-Lam, Ho, Christopher C.K., Salzano, Ciro, Zylbersztejn, Daniel Suslik, Tien, Dung Mai Ba, Pescatori, Edoardo, Borges, Edson, Saïs-Hamza, Eminej, Huyghe, Eric, Ceyhan, Erman, Caroppo, Ettore, Castiglioni, Fabrizio, Bahar, Fahmi, Gökalp, Fatih, Lombardo, Francesco, Gadda, Franco, Duarsa, Gede Wirya Kusuma, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Busetto, Gian Maria, Balercia, Giancarlo, Cito, Gianmartin, Blecher, Gideon, Franco, Giorgio, Liguori, Giovanni, Elbardisi, Haitham, Keskin, Hakan, Lin, Haocheng, Taniguchi, Hisanori, Park, Hyun Jun, Ziouziou, Imad, de la Rosette, Jean J. M. C. H., Hotaling, Jim, Ramsay, Jonathan, Molina, Juan Manuel Corral, Lo, Ka Lun, Böcü, Kadir, Khalafalla, Kareim, Bowa, Kasonde, Okada, Keisuke, Nagao, Koichi, Chiba, Koji, Hakim, Lukman, Makarounis, Konstantinos, Hehemann, Marah, Peña, Marcelo Rodriguez, Falcone, Marco, Bendayan, Marion, Martinez, Marlon, Timpano, Massimiliano, Altan, Mesut, Fode, Mikkel, Al-Marhoon, Mohamed S., Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sadighi, Soebadi, Mohammad Ayodhia, Gherabi, Nazim, Sofikitis, Nikolaos, Kahraman, Oğuzhan, Birowo, Ponco, Kothari, Priyank, Sindhwani, Puneet, Javed, Qaisar, Ambar, Rafael F., Kosgi, Raghavender, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Adriansjah, Ricky, Condorelli, Rosita Angela, La Vignera, Sandro, Micic, Sava, Kim, Shannon Hee Kyung, Fukuhara, Shinichiro, Ahn, Sun Tae, Mostafa, Taymour, Ong, Teng Aik, Takeshima, Teppei, Amano, Toshiyasu, Barrett, Trenton, Arslan, Umut, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Atmoko, Widi, Yumura, Yasushi, Yuan, Yiming, Kato, Yuki, Jezek, Davor, Cheng, Bryan Kwun-Chung, Hatzichristodoulou, Georgios, Dy, Jun, Castañé, Eduard Ruiz, El-Sakka, Ahmed I., Nguyen, Quang, Sarıkaya, Selçuk, Boeri, Luca, Tan, Ronny, Moussa, Mohamad A., El-Assmy, Ahmed, Alali, Hamed, Alhathal, Naif, Osman, Yasser, Perovic, Dragoljub, Sajadi, Hesamoddin, Akhavizadegan, Hamed, Vučinić, Miroslav, Kattan, Said, Kattan, Mohamed S., Mogharabian, Nasser, Phuoc, Nguyen Ho Vinh, Ngoo, Kay Seong, Alkandari, Mohammad H., Alsuhaibani, Shaheed, Sokolakis, Ioannis, Babaei, Mehdi, King, Mak Siu, Diemer, Thorsten, Gava, Marcelo M., Henrique, Raphael, Spinola e Silva, Rodrigo, Paul, Gustavo Marquesine, Mierzwa, Tiago Cesar, Glina, Sidney, Siddiqi, Kashif, Wu, Han, Wurzacher, Jana, Farkouh, Ala'a, Son, Hwancheol, Minhas, Suks, Lee, Joe, Magsanoc, Nikko, Capogrosso, Paolo, Albano, German Jose, Lewis, Sheena E.M., Jayasena, Channa N., Alvarez, Juan G., Teo, Colin, Smith, Ryan P., Chua, Jo Ben M., Jensen, Christian Fuglesang S., Parekattil, Sijo, Finelli, Renata, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Karna, Keshab Kumar, Ahmed, Abdelkareem, Evenson, Don, Umemoto, Yukihiro, Puigvert, Ana, Çeker, Gökhan, Colpi, Giovanni M., Rolitsky, Sarah, Bouzouita, Abderrazak, Shokeir, Ahmed, Aşçı, Ahmet, Bouker, Amin, Adamyan, Aram, Avoyan, Armen E., Palani, Ayad, Aghamajidi, Azin, Eze, Balantine, Noegroho, Bambang Sasongko, Purnomo, Basuki, Erkan, Bircan Kolbaşı, Zilaitiene, Birute, Kulaksız, Deniz, Kafetzis, Dimitrios, Lee, Dong Sup, Stember, Doron, Evgeni, Evangelini, Alhajeri, Faisal, Finocchi, Federica, Colombo, Fulvio, Tsangaris, George, Sallam, Hassan N., Acosta, Herik, Rosas, Israel Maldonado, Kirkman-Brown, Jackson, Shin, Jae Il, Sonksen, Jens, Dong, Jie, Marmar, Joel, Moreno-Sepulveda, Jose, Seo, Ju Tae, Aydos, Kaan, Kesari, Kavindra Kumar, Trost, Landon, Jenkins, Lawrence, Rocco, Lucia, Darbandi, Mahsa, Simopoulou, Mara, Alves, Marco, Sabbaghian, Marjan, Tavalaee, Marziyeh, Razi, Mazdak, Duran, Mesut Berkan, Nago, Mitsuru, Elkhouly, Mohamed, Khalili, Mohamed, Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein, Kamath, Mohan S., Uğur, Muhammet Raşit, Park, Nam Cheol, Cruz, Natalio, Garrido, Nicolas, Sodeifi, Niloofar, Al Khalidi, Noora, Shoshany, Ohad, Satyagraha, Paksi, Drakopoulos, Panagiotos, Vogiatzi, Paraskevi, Dolati, Parisa, Das, Partha, Chiu, Peter Ka-Fung, Tsioulou, Petroula A., Patel, Premal, Singh, Rajender, Kaiyal, Raneen Sawaid, Santos, Ferreira, Dada, Rima, Brodjonegoro, Sakti, Banihani, Saleem Ali, Schon, Samantha, Darbandi, Sara, Güneş, Sezgin, Homa, Sheryl, Mutambirwa, Shingai, Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep, Diaz, Sofia Ines Leonardi, Gopalakrishnan, Sreelatha, Krawetz, Stephen, Jindal, Sunil, Avidor-Reiss, Tomer, Lin, Tsung Yen, Kumar, Vijay, Ibrahim, Wael, Kerkeni, Walid, Woo, Wongi, Morimoto, Yoshiharu, Cheng, Yu-Sheng, Shah, Rupin, Agarwal, Ashok, Kavoussi, Parviz, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Saleh, Ramadan, Cannarella, Rossella, Harraz, Ahmed M., Boitrelle, Florence, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid, Zini, Armand, Ko, Edmund, Calik, Gokhan, Toprak, Tuncay, Kandil, Hussein, Gül, Murat, Bakırcıoğlu, Mustafa Emre, Parekh, Neel, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Tadros, Nichola, Kadioglu, Ate, Arafa, Mohamed, Chung, Eric, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Dimitriadis, Fotio, Malhotra, Vineet, Salvio, Gianmaria, Henkel, Ralf, Le, Tan V., Sogutdelen, Emrullah, Vij, Sarah, Alarbid, Abdullah, Gudeloglu, Ahmet, Tsujimura, Akira, Calogero, Aldo E., Meliegy, Amr El, Crafa, Andrea, Kalkanli, Arif, Baser, Aykut, Hazir, Berk, Giulioni, Carlo, Cho, Chak-Lam, Ho, Christopher C. K., Salzano, Ciro, Zylbersztejn, Daniel Suslik, Tien, Dung Mai Ba, Pescatori, Edoardo, Borges, Edson, Serefoglu, Ege Can, Sas-Hamza, Emine, Huyghe, Eric, Ceyhan, Erman, Caroppo, Ettore, Castiglioni, Fabrizio, Bahar, Fahmi, Gokalp, Fatih, Lombardo, Francesco, Gadda, Franco, Duarsa, Gede Wirya Kusuma, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Busetto, Gian Maria, Balercia, Giancarlo, Cito, Gianmartin, Blecher, Gideon, Franco, Giorgio, Liguori, Giovanni, Elbardisi, Haitham, Keskin, Hakan, Lin, Haocheng, Taniguchi, Hisanori, Park, Hyun Jun, Ziouziou, Imad, Rosette, Jean de la, Hotaling, Jim, Ramsay, Jonathan, Molina, Juan Manuel Corral, Lo, Ka Lun, Bocu, Kadir, Khalafalla, Kareim, Bowa, Kasonde, Okada, Keisuke, Nagao, Koichi, Chiba, Koji, Hakim, Lukman, Makarounis, Konstantino, Hehemann, Marah, Peña, Marcelo Rodriguez, Falcone, Marco, Bendayan, Marion, Martinez, Marlon, Timpano, Massimiliano, Altan, Mesut, Fode, Mikkel, Al-Marhoon, Mohamed S., Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sadighi, Soebadi, Mohammad Ayodhia, Gherabi, Nazim, Sofikitis, Nikolao, Kahraman, Oğuzhan, Birowo, Ponco, Kothari, Priyank, Sindhwani, Puneet, Javed, Qaisar, Ambar, Rafael F., Kosgi, Raghavender, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Adriansjah, Ricky, Condorelli, Rosita Angela, Vignera, Sandro La, Micic, Sava, Kim, Shannon Hee Kyung, Fukuhara, Shinichiro, Ahn, Sun Tae, Mostafa, Taymour, Ong, Teng Aik, Takeshima, Teppei, Amano, Toshiyasu, Barrett, Trenton, Arslan, Umut, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Atmoko, Widi, Yumura, Yasushi, Yuan, Yiming, Kato, Yuki, Jezek, Davor, Cheng, Bryan Kwun-Chung, Hatzichristodoulou, Georgio, Dy, Jun, Castañé, Eduard Ruiz, El-Sakka, Ahmed I., Nguyen, Quang, Sarikaya, Selcuk, Boeri, Luca, Tan, Ronny, Moussa, Mohamad A., El-Assmy, Ahmed, Alali, Hamed, Alhathal, Naif, Osman, Yasser, Perovic, Dragoljub, Sajadi, Hesamoddin, Akhavizadegan, Hamed, Vučinić, Miroslav, Kattan, Said, Kattan, Mohamed S., Mogharabian, Nasser, Phuoc, Nguyen Ho Vinh, Ngoo, Kay Seong, Alkandari, Mohammad H., Alsuhaibani, Shaheed, Sokolakis, Ioanni, Babaei, Mehdi, King, Mak Siu, Diemer, Thorsten, Gava, Marcelo M., Henrique, Raphael, Silva, Rodrigo Spinola e, Paul, Gustavo Marquesine, Mierzwa, Tiago Cesar, Glina, Sidney, Siddiqi, Kashif, Wu, Han, Wurzacher, Jana, Farkouh, Ala’A, Son, Hwancheol, Minhas, Suk, Lee, Joe, Magsanoc, Nikko, Capogrosso, Paolo, Albano, German Jose, Lewis, Sheena E. M., Jayasena, Channa N., Alvarez, Juan G., Teo, Colin, Smith, Ryan P., Chua, Jo Ben M., Jensen, Christian Fuglesang S., Parekattil, Sijo, Finelli, Renata, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Karna, Keshab Kumar, Ahmed, Abdelkareem, Evenson, Don, Umemoto, Yukihiro, Puigvert, Ana, Çeker, Gökhan, Forum, Giovanni M Colpi, Shah, R., Agarwal, A., Kavoussi, P., Rambhatla, A., Saleh, R., Cannarella, R., Harraz, A. M., Boitrelle, F., Kuroda, S., Hamoda, T. A. -A. A. -M., Zini, A., Ko, E., Calik, G., Toprak, T., Kandil, H., Gul, M., Bakircioglu, M. E., Parekh, N., Russo, G. I., Tadros, N., Kadioglu, A., Arafa, M., Chung, E., Rajmil, O., Dimitriadis, F., Malhotra, V., Salvio, G., Henkel, R., Le, T. V., Sogutdelen, E., Vij, S., Alarbid, A., Gudeloglu, A., Tsujimura, A., Calogero, A. E., El Meliegy, A., Crafa, A., Kalkanli, A., Baser, A., Hazir, B., Giulioni, C., Cho, C. -L., Ho, C. C. K., Salzano, C., Zylbersztejn, D. S., Tien, D. M. B., Pescatori, E., Borges, E., Serefoglu, E. C., Sais-Hamza, E., Huyghe, E., Ceyhan, E., Caroppo, E., Castiglioni, F., Bahar, F., Gokalp, F., Lombardo, F., Gadda, F., Duarsa, G. W. K., Pinggera, G. -M., Busetto, G. M., Balercia, G., Cito, G., Blecher, G., Franco, G., Liguori, G., Elbardisi, H., Keskin, H., Lin, H., Taniguchi, H., Park, H. J., Ziouziou, I., de la Rosette, J., Hotaling, J., Ramsay, J., Molina, J. M. C., Lo, K. L., Bocu, K., Khalafalla, K., Bowa, K., Okada, K., Nagao, K., Chiba, K., Hakim, L., Makarounis, K., Hehemann, M., Pena, M. R., Falcone, M., Bendayan, M., Martinez, M., Timpano, M., Altan, M., Fode, M., Al-Marhoon, M. S., Gilani, M. A. S., Soebadi, M. A., Gherabi, N., Sofikitis, N., Kahraman, O., Birowo, P., Kothari, P., Sindhwani, P., Javed, Q., Ambar, R. F., Kosgi, R., Ghayda, R. A., Adriansjah, R., Condorelli, R. A., La Vignera, S., Micic, S., Kim, S. H. K., Fukuhara, S., Ahn, S. T., Mostafa, T., Ong, T. A., Takeshima, T., Amano, T., Barrett, T., Arslan, U., Karthikeyan, V. S., Atmoko, W., Yumura, Y., Yuan, Y., Kato, Y., Jezek, D., Cheng, B. K. -C., Hatzichristodoulou, G., Dy, J., Castane, E. R., El-Sakka, A. I., Nguyen, Q., Sarikaya, S., Boeri, L., Tan, R., Moussa, M. A., El-Assmy, A., Alali, H., Alhathal, N., Osman, Y., Perovic, D., Sajadi, H., Akhavizadegan, H., Vucinic, M., Kattan, S., Kattan, M. S., Mogharabian, N., Phuoc, N. H. V., Ngoo, K. S., Alkandari, M. H., Alsuhaibani, S., Sokolakis, I., Babaei, M., King, M. S., Diemer, T., Gava, M. M., Henrique, R., Spinola e Silva, R., Paul, G. M., Mierzwa, T. C., Glina, S., Siddiqi, K., Wu, H., Wurzacher, J., Farkouh, A., Son, H., Minhas, S., Lee, J., Magsanoc, N., Capogrosso, P., Albano, G. J., Lewis, S. E. M., Jayasena, C. N., Alvarez, J. G., Teo, C., Smith, R. P., Chua, J. B. M., Jensen, C. F. S., Parekattil, S., Finelli, R., Durairajanayagam, D., Karna, K. K., Ahmed, A., Evenson, D., Umemoto, Y., Puigvert, A., Ceker, G., Colpi, G. M., Rolitsky, S., Bouzouita, A., Shokeir, A., Asci, A., Bouker, A., Adamyan, A., Avoyan, A. E., Palani, A., Aghamajidi, A., Eze, B., Noegroho, B. S., Purnomo, B., Erkan, B. K., Zilaitiene, B., Kulaksiz, D., Kafetzis, D., Lee, D. S., Stember, D., Evgeni, E., Alhajeri, F., Finocchi, F., Colombo, F., Tsangaris, G., Sallam, H. N., Acosta, H., Rosas, I. M., Kirkman-Brown, J., Shin, J. I., Sonksen, J., Dong, J., Marmar, J., Moreno-Sepulveda, J., Seo, J. T., Aydos, K., Kesari, K. K., Trost, L., Jenkins, L., Rocco, L., Darbandi, M., Simopoulou, M., Alves, M., Sabbaghian, M., Tavalaee, M., Razi, M., Duran, M. B., Nago, M., Elkhouly, M., Khalili, M., Nasr-Esfahani, M. H., Kamath, M. S., Ugur, M. R., Park, N. C., Cruz, N., Garrido, N., Sodeifi, N., Al Khalidi, N., Shoshany, O., Satyagraha, P., Drakopoulos, P., Vogiatzi, P., Dolati, P., Das, P., Chiu, P. K. -F., Tsioulou, P. A., Patel, P., Singh, R., Kaiyal, R. S., Santos, F., Dada, R., Brodjonegoro, S., Banihani, S. A., Schon, S., Darbandi, S., Gunes, S., Homa, S., Mutambirwa, S., Roychoudhury, S., Diaz, S. I. L., Gopalakrishnan, S., Krawetz, S., Jindal, S., Avidor-Reiss, T., Lin, T. Y., Kumar, V., Ibrahim, W., Kerkeni, W., Woo, W., Morimoto, Y., Cheng, Y. -S., and Tıp Fakültesi

Subjects
Aging, Consensus, Urology, INGUINAL VARICOCELECTOMY, Disease management, Male infertility, Survey, Varicocele, Consensu, Global Andrology Forum, Endocrinology & Metabolism, NONOBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIA, ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY, Male Infertility, Pharmacology (medical), Andrology, IMPAIRED SEMEN QUALITY, EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION, Science & Technology, UROLOGY GUIDELINES, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Disease Management, Urology & Nephrology, SUBCLINICAL VARICOCELE, Psychiatry and Mental health, Health Care Sciences & Services, MICROSURGICAL SUBINGUINAL VARICOCELECTOMY, Reproductive Medicine, SPERM MORPHOLOGY, UNTREATED VARICOCELE, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore global practice patterns on the management of varicocele in the context of male infertility. Materials and Methods: Sixty practicing urologists/andrologists from 23 countries contributed 382 multiple-choice-questions pertaining to varicocele management. These were condensed into an online questionnaire that was forwarded to clinicians involved in male infertility management through direct invitation. The results were analyzed for disagreement and agreement in practice patterns and, compared with the latest guidelines of international professional societies (American Urological As- sociation [AUA], American Society for Reproductive Medicine [ASRM], and European Association of Urology [EAU]), and with evidence emerging from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Additionally, an expert opinion on each topic was provided based on the consensus of 16 experts in the field. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 574 clinicians from 59 countries. The majority of respondents were urologists/ uro-andrologists. A wide diversity of opinion was seen in every aspect of varicocele diagnosis, indications for repair, choice of technique, management of sub-clinical varicocele and the role of VR in azoospermia. A significant proportion of the re- sponses were at odds with the recommendations of AUA, ASRM, and EAU. A large number of clinical situations were identi- fied where no guidelines are available. Conclusions: This study is the largest global survey performed to date on the clinical management of varicocele for male in- fertility. It demonstrates: 1) a wide disagreement in the approach to varicocele management, 2) large gaps in the clinical prac- tice guidelines from professional societies, and 3) the need for further studies on several aspects of varicocele management in infertile men.

Published
2022

41. Versatility of right gastroepiploic and gastroduodenal arteries for arterial reconstruction in adult living donor liver transplantation.

Author

Lee JH, Oh DY, Seo JW, Moon SH, Rhie JW, and Ahn ST

Subjects
Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Arteries surgery, Liver Transplantation, Living Donors, Vascular Surgical Procedures
Abstract

Background: In cases where there is severe intimal dissection in the recipient hepatic artery (HA), or if the HA has been used already and additional operations are needed due to graft rejection or arterial occlusion, an alternative is necessary. In the present study, we have reported the feasibility of using the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) and gastroduodenal artery (GDA) in various situations where the HA is not a feasible option., Methods: Among 463 patients who underwent primary adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation from January 2002 to July 2010, eight subjects required alternative vessels. Four recipients displayed severe intimal injury associated with previous transarterial chemoembolization (TACE); two, required a salvage operation due to hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT); and two, retransplantations due to chronic rejection. The RGEA was used in five and the GDA in three patients., Results: Postoperative Doppler ultrasonography and three-dimensional computed tomography showed patent arterial flow in all patients. However, HAT recurred in one patient who underwent a salvage operation with the RGEA; she died 2 months later. Two other patients died due to wound infection and respiratory failure within 3 months despite intact hepatic arterial flow. Four patients had no further complications during follow-up (mean = 33 months)., Conclusion: Although there was a discrepancy in the diameter of the HA and the RGEA (or GDA), there was no problem with mobilization and microanastomosis. We therefore believe that these vessels can be good alternatives when the hepatic artery is unavailable., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2011
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42. A new venous conduit utilizing the recipient portal vein branches for segment V in adult partial liver transplantation.

Author

Moon IS, Kim DG, Lee MD, Hong SK, Park SC, Oh DY, Ahn ST, and Lee YJ

Subjects
Adult, Anastomosis, Surgical methods, Hepatectomy methods, Humans, Saphenous Vein surgery, Tissue and Organ Harvesting methods, Umbilical Veins surgery, Liver Transplantation methods, Portal Vein anatomy & histology, Portal Vein surgery
Abstract

Right anterior-medial lobe congestion due to temporary clamping of segment V and/or VIII is common in the operative theater during adult donor right lobe liver transplantation, the most common procedure in our institute. We have used an autogenous saphenous vein conduit to recipient portal vein tributaries in 15 cases, as a "Y-to-I venoplasty" since January 2004. The recipient portal vein is transected 5 mm proximal to its bifurcation and extended to both sides with partial hepatic dissection. The "Y-to-I venoplasty" is made by suture closure of the portal vein transversely to form a tube. The average length is 7.5 cm with a 1.3 cm width. One end of "Y-to-I venoplasty" conduit is anastomosed to the donor segment V branch on the back table. And the other end is anastomosed directly to the IVC via a new window or the middle hepatic vein stump in recipient. The phase distension of the conduit with respiration is noted in the operative field. A 6/15 (40%) patency rate, was observed by CT angiography at the second postoperative week. All-patient conduits showed good flow on serial examinations at the 60th postoperative day. This new venous graft, made of recipient portal vein is a good conduit for segment V decongestion in adult right lobe partial liver transplantation.

Published
2005
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43. Platelet supernatant promotes proliferation of auricular chondrocytes and formation of chondrocyte mass.

Author

Yang SY, Ahn ST, Rhie JW, Lee KY, Choi JH, Lee BJ, and Oh GT

Subjects
Animals, Cell Division, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Genetic Engineering, Rabbits, Blood Platelets, Cell Culture Techniques methods, Chondrocytes, Ear, External cytology
Abstract

Recently proposed procedures for in vitro generation of new cartilage may be difficult to perform in humans because so many chondrocytes are needed for tissue engineering. In this study the authors investigated new, efficient, low-cost techniques for the isolation and culture of chondrocytes from the ear cartilage of the rabbit. They performed a low-density monolayer culture with a low concentration (0.5%, 1%) of human platelet supernatant and observed cell proliferation (seeding efficiency, deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis), matrix synthesis (glycosaminoglycan synthesis), and the expression of type I and type II collagen (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction). Seeding efficiency was increased in 1% of platelet supernatant-treated cultures by two to three times compared with untreated controls. One percent platelet supernatant had increased the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine by 1.9 to 2.5 times at 72 hours compared with controls. Glycosaminoglycan synthesis was increased in platelet supernatant-treated chondrocytes at 96 hours compared with controls. Chondrocytes treated with 1% platelet supernatant showed a decreased expression of the type II collagen gene. Supplementation with a high concentration (10%) of the platelet supernatant provided the conditions for in vitro chondrocyte mass formation. These results indicate that proliferation and matrix synthesis of auricular chondrocytes is stimulated by a low concentration of platelet supernatant. On the other hand, chondrocytes were immobilized by a high concentration of platelet supernatant. Platelet supernatant may be useful as an inexpensive autologous source of multiple growth factors to enhance chondrocyte proliferation, and also may play the role of scaffold for chondrocytes. Additional investigation is underway to generate culture conditions that promote the differentiation as well as the proliferation of chondrocytes.

Published
2000
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44. Replantation of fingertip amputation by using the pocket principle in adults.

Author

Lee PK, Ahn ST, and Lim P

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Amputation, Traumatic surgery, Finger Injuries surgery, Replantation methods
Abstract

There are several treatment modalities for zone 1 or zone 2 fingertip amputations that cannot be replanted by using microsurgical techniques, such as delayed secondary healing, stump revision, skin graft, local flaps, distant flaps, and composite graft. Among these, composite graft of the amputated digit tip is the only possible means of achieving a full-length digit with a normal nail complex. The pocket principle can provide an extra blood supply for survival of the composite graft of the amputated finger by enlarging the area of vascular contact. The surgery was performed in two stages. The amputated digit was debrided, deepithelialized, and reattached to the proximal stump. The reattached finger was inserted into the abdominal pocket. About 3 weeks later, the finger was removed from the pocket and covered with a skin graft. We have consecutively replanted 29 fingers in 25 adult patients with fingertip amputations by using the pocket principle. All were complete amputations with crushing or avulsion injuries. Average age was 33.64 years, and men were predominant. The right hand, the dominant one, was more frequently injured, with the middle finger being the most commonly injured. Of the 29 fingers, 16 (55.2 percent) survived completely and 10 (34.5 percent) had partial necrosis less than one-quarter of the length of the amputated part. The results of the above 26 fingers were satisfactory from both functional and cosmetic aspects. Twenty of the 29 fingers, which had been followed up for more than 6 months (an average of 16 months), were included in a sensory evaluation. Fifteen of these 20 fingers (75 percent) were classified as "good" (static two-point discrimination of less than 8 mm and normal use). From the overall results and our experience, we suggest that the pocket principle is a safe and valuable method in replantation of zone 1 or zone 2 fingertip amputation, an alternative to microvascular replantation, even in adults.

Published
1999
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45. Topical silicone gel for the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Author

Ahn ST, Monafo WW, and Mustoe TA

Subjects
Administration, Topical, Adolescent, Adult, Bandages, Burns complications, Child, Cicatrix etiology, Cicatrix physiopathology, Elasticity, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Gels, Humans, Hypertrophy drug therapy, Hypertrophy prevention & control, Surgical Procedures, Operative adverse effects, Cicatrix pathology, Silicones administration & dosage
Abstract

We studied the effects of a silicone gel bandage that was worn for at least 12 hours daily on the resolution of hypertrophic burn scar. In a second cohort, the prevention of hypertrophic scar formation in fresh surgical incisions by this bandage was also evaluated. In 19 patients with hypertrophic burn scars, elasticity of the scars was quantitated serially with the use of an elastometer. An adjacent or mirror-image hypertrophic burn scar served as a control. Scar elasticity was increased after both 1 and 2 months compared with that in controls. There was corresponding improvement clinically that persisted for at least 6 months. In the other cohort, scar volume changes in 21 surgical incisions were measured before and after 1 and 2 months. Gel-treated incisions gained less volume than control incisions after both intervals. Clinical assessment corroborated this quantitative demonstration of a decrement in scar volume. We concluded that topical silicone gel is efficacious, both in the prevention and in the treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Published
1991
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46. Microvascular free tissue reconstruction following Mohs' micrographic surgery for advanced head and neck skin cancer.

Author

Ahn ST, Hruza GJ, and Mustoe TA

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Carcinoma, Basal Cell surgery, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell surgery, Head and Neck Neoplasms surgery, Skin Neoplasms surgery, Surgical Flaps methods
Abstract

Seven consecutive patients from 1986 through 1989 for 8 extensive recurrent and/or irradiated skin cancers of the face and scalp are retrospectively evaluated. One patient was treated by conventional surgical margins, and the limitations of this method in sampling margins are compared to the Mohs' micrographic surgery (MMS) used for the other 6 patients. All were treated with free flaps without flap loss or major complications in spite of advanced age. The advantages of an interdisciplinary approach to achieve maximum cure rates, optimal reconstruction, and minimizing anesthesia time are discussed.

Published
1991
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47. Continuous versus conventional tissue expansion: experimental verification of a new technique.

Author

Schmidt SC, Logan SE, Hayden JM, Ahn ST, and Mustoe TA

Subjects
Animals, Dogs, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure, Time Factors, Tissue Expansion instrumentation, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Tissue Expansion methods
Abstract

Historically, tissue expansion is a prolonged process, typically requiring at least 6 weeks to complete. Recently, interest has increased in shortening this time period. In the current study, a continuous infusion device maintaining constant expander pressure less than capillary filling pressure was used in a canine model in seven dogs to minimize the time period needed to achieve significant expansion. There were no complications, except one device malfunction, corrected by changes in design. The process was shown to be a safe and effective means of producing amounts of expansion similar to traditional methods in approximately 72 hours, with expansion of 28 percent (n = 6) for continuous tissue expansion (CTE) versus 34 percent (n = 6) for a 2-week rapid expansion protocol. This expansion was derived from either stretch of preexisting tissue (46 percent for CTE, 35 percent for 2-week expansion) or recruitment of adjacent tissue. The clinical application of continuous tissue expansion could permit the advantages of tissue expansion to be obtained in many more situations than are currently available to traditional tissue expansion techniques.

Published
1991
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48. Effects of ischemia on ulcer wound healing: a new model in the rabbit ear.

Author

Ahn ST and Mustoe TA

Subjects
Animals, Blood Flow Velocity, Ear physiopathology, Models, Biological, Rabbits, Ear blood supply, Ischemia physiopathology, Ulcer physiopathology, Wound Healing physiology
Abstract

To study the effects of alteration of blood flow on wound healing in rabbit ear ulcers, two models were designed that produced maximum ischemia and maximum congestion, respectively, with complete survival of the ear by selective division of one or more of three arteries or veins and circumferential incisions. After selection of the best models from six variations, tissue perfusion was measured indirectly by venous oxygen tension, dermofluorometry, pulse oximetry, and skin temperature. Wound healing was measured seven days after creating 6-mm surgical ulcers. The tissue oxygen tension calculated from the venous oxygen tension fell to 30 mm Hg through days 1, 3, and 7 in the ischemic ears, and skin temperature and blood flow measured by dermofluorometry were similarly affected. However, there was no evidence of significant change in tissue perfusion except increased skin temperature in the congested ears. None of the ischemic wounds were epithelialized completely, but half of the control and congested wounds were. The granulation tissue formation was decreased (39% of the area versus 63% of the area) and the infection rate was increased (20% versus 2%) significantly in the ischemic wounds compared with the control wounds but not in the congested wounds. The ischemic ulcer model is reproducible and quantifiable and is potentially a useful model for examining agents to improve ulcer healing where blood flow is decreased. The congestion model showed no significant changes in blood flow or wound healing.

Published
1990
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49. Topical silicone gel: a new treatment for hypertrophic scars.

Author

Ahn ST, Monafo WW, and Mustoe TA

Subjects
Administration, Topical, Adult, Aged, Burns complications, Cicatrix pathology, Cicatrix physiopathology, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Eruptions, Elasticity, Female, Humans, Hypertrophy, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Silicones adverse effects, Cicatrix therapy, Gels therapeutic use, Silicones therapeutic use
Abstract

A prospective, controlled clinical trial was designed to assess the efficacy of a new treatment of hypertrophic scars. Silicone gel sheeting was applied to 14 hypertrophic scars in 10 adults for 8 weeks. The treated scars and untreated, mirror-image or adjacent control scars were photographed, biopsy specimens were taken, and they were measured elastometrically before and after treatment. Photography and elastometry were repeated 4 weeks after treatment was discontinued. All the scars that had been treated for at least 12 hours a day were improved clinically after 4 weeks. There was further clinical improvement during the second 4 weeks of treatment. Elastometrically, the treated scars were improved significantly at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, compared with both their own treatment value and the control scars (p less than 0.05). Control scars were unchanged elastometrically. Clinical improvement persisted for at least 4 weeks after treatment was discontinued. The silicone gel sheeting was well tolerated, except for occasional transient rashes or superficial maceration--both of which resolved promptly when treatment was withdrawn. There was no histologic evidence of inflammation or foreign body reaction suggesting that silicone had entered the treated tissues. We conclude that this simple method of treating hypertrophic scar is efficacious, even in relatively chronic cases. The mechanism of action of silicone gel, which is apparently not related to compression, remains to be determined.

Published
1989

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